CN100406511C - Plastic lignified board and its making method - Google Patents
Plastic lignified board and its making method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100406511C CN100406511C CNB2004100673544A CN200410067354A CN100406511C CN 100406511 C CN100406511 C CN 100406511C CN B2004100673544 A CNB2004100673544 A CN B2004100673544A CN 200410067354 A CN200410067354 A CN 200410067354A CN 100406511 C CN100406511 C CN 100406511C
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- plastics
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- plant fibers
- board
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
- B29C48/0022—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with cutting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a composite material of plastics and plant fibers and a preparing method thereof, particularly to a plastic lignified board material and a preparing method thereof, which solves the defects of the poor performance of the strength, etc. of an existing composite material of plastics and plant fibers and the instability of product quality. The plastic lignified board material comprises the compositions (by weight proportioning): 45 to 70% of plastics, 10 to 45% of plant fibers, 3 to 10% of filling agents, 1 to 2% of foaming agents and 3 to 15% of auxiliary agents. The preparation method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out microwave dewatering and powering to the plant fibers and simultaneously carrying out normal crushing and drying processing to the plastics; uniformly mixing each component in a high speed mixer according to the proportioning; subsequently adopting an extruder to extruding strips for cooling granulation; finally carrying out shaping, cooling, traction, coiling and cut to obtain a finished product after the compositions enter a screw extruder to carry out extrusion forming. The water content of the plants is controlled to 0.5%, the temperature of a feeding section and the temperature of an extruding section are controlled to 100 DEG C tp 250 DEG C, and the compression ratio of a screw rod of the screw extruder is 2 to 5. The present invention can be used for replacing various products made of wood.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to matrix material of a kind of plastics and vegetable fibre and preparation method thereof, particularly a kind of plastic lignified board and preparation method thereof.
Background technology:
The world today, environment protection and resource problem have become globalised economy and have developed unavoidable realistic problem.By the end of at present, international community has formulated more than 150 treaties relevant with environment and resource.The legislations of environmental protection that formulate countries in the world is also more and more, and is bringing into play crucial effect aspect the protection environment for human survival, and green economy has become the trend of development of world economy.
China economy rapid growth in more than 20 year in the past, the development of industries such as building materials, furniture, wrapping material and papermaking up to 1.1 billion cubic meters, causes the Deforestation amount to increase severely the deterioration of the ecological environment to the demand of timber.Human society faces the severe challenge of environment and resource two large problems.Exploitation protection environment, the new technology that economizes on resources and product innovation are the common issues of current industry.China is a farm crop big producing country, generally adopts burning disposal for the depleted plant treatment in the past, but burning disposal can consume certain specific project expenditure and contaminate environment.And developing rapidly along with China's plastics industry, discarded waste or used plastics in producing, living also increases year by year, utilize the statistics of the council according to Chinese plastics association waste plastic, the total amount of the annual waste plastic in the whole nation reaches more than 700 ten thousand tons, and its governance approach adopts landfill or burning disposal usually.Correlative study shows that waste plastic finishes at landfill more than 200 year later could the decomposition, and can dissolve deleterious material in the decomposition course, and soil is polluted.And the burning of waste plastic can cause the release of obnoxious flavour usually, influences the environment of Air quality and periphery.Therefore, the waste plastic problem of environment pollution caused that is called as " white pollution " is subjected to showing great attention to of environmental protection circle always.Chinese patent application 03135336.3 has been introduced " a kind of production method of expansion type Wood-plastic reconstituted wood ", but this method is that plastic powders is coated in the compression moulding then of plant substrate surface, so the performances such as intensity of its finished product are barely satisfactory.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of have hardwood characteristic, recyclable utilization, asepsis environment-protecting, water-fast, anti-corrosion, have plastic lignified board of certain fire resistance and preparation method thereof.Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of plastic lignified board, and the weight proportion of its moiety is:
Plastics 45～70%
Vegetable fibre 10～45%
Weighting agent 3～10%
Whipping agent 1～2%
Auxiliary agent 3～15%
Described plastics are one or more in polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, the ABS plastic.Described vegetable fibre is a kind of in bamboo fibers, agronomic crop fibre, the xylon, and described farm crop are: stalk, cotton, fiber crops, tobacco rod, kaoliang stalk, corn stalk, husk, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, Exocarpium cocois (Cocos nucifera L) etc. one or more.Weighting agent be in lime carbonate, the talcum powder one or both; Described whipping agent is a market nontoxic chemical foaming agent Cellmic C 121 commonly used.Described auxiliary agent is one or more in the compatilizer, fire retardant, oxidation inhibitor, stablizer, lubricant, ageing-resistant dose, tackifier, pigment.Compatilizer is: one or more in cadmium stearate, Zinic stearas, calcium stearate, phenyl allyl ether, perchloro-penta cyclodecane.Fire retardant is one or both in chlorinatedpolyethylene, the weisspiessglanz; oxidation inhibitor is pentaerythritol ester, and stablizer is one or more in azimidobenzene, double acid double phenol A ester, thio-2 acid two lauric acid, two (1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-decanoyl-5-oxygen) nickel, the dinonyl two sulphamide nickel.Lubricant is a paraffin, and ageing-resistant dose is titanium dioxide, and tackifier are dioctyl phthalate (DOP).Pigment is commercially available conventional high-temperature resisting pigment.
A kind of preparation method of plastic lignified board, 1, at first vegetable fibre is carried out microwave dehydration, fine powder, the control water ratio is smaller or equal to 0.5%, and the particle diameter of vegetable fibre is 60～200 orders, simultaneously plastics is carried out routine pulverizing drying treatment; 2, by the technical scheme proportioning each component is mixed in high-speed mixer; 3, adopt forcing machine to carry out the extrusion cooling granulation then; 4, enter the screw extrusion press extrusion moulding at last after, control screw compression ratio is 2～5, more preferably greater than 3, finalizes the design, cools off, draw, curling to cut obtains finished product.Feeding section temperature and extruding zone temperature are controlled at 100 ℃～250 ℃.Described screw extrusion press can be a single screw extrusion machine, preferably adopts twin screw extruder, and is co-rotating twin screw extruder.For strengthening the cooling power of calibration sleeve, improve forming ability, adopt compound mouthful of mould, compound mouthful of mould formed by Bolt Connection by die head and partition Quench die sleeve, die head connects with head, and the die head outside is heating collar or hot-plate, has hollow sandwich can lead to water coolant in the partition Quench die sleeve.Die head and partition Quench die sleeve inner chamber are plate shape, and be corresponding with goods.
Plastic lignified board of the present invention can be made into thin plate, and by the compression moulding of vertical multiple roll machine, the minimum thickness of thin plate can reach 0.5～2mm.
The present invention is not owing to be afraid of humidity, be not afraid of and damage by worms and go mouldy, very suitable seashore, swimming place, park, bath lavatory, recreation ground, dock, river levee are made the deck of boat, deck, platform, road plate, platform, backing plate, seat etc., can be made into decorative sheet, wall dunnage, frame, fence, stair and handrail, can be made into house ornamentation goods such as door and window, furniture, also can be made into wrapping plate, boxboard, backing plate, combination pallet etc., also can be made into all kinds of tubing.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: 1, durable, the life-span is long, the similar wood outward appearance is than plastics hardness height; 2, have excellent physical and mechanical properties, suitable with hardwood, proportion is similar to hardwood, better than wood dimensional stability, can not produce crack, warpage, no timber knot, twill can be made into various goods lucuriant in design after adding tinting material, overlay film or composite skins; 3, the processibility that has thermoplastics.But compare with plastics, no matter aspect mechanical properties such as hardness, rigidity, still in the raising that prevents to wear out, all there is certain degree aspect such as distortion; The secondary workability that 4, similar wood is arranged can be sawed, can dig, can heat melt bondingly, and available nail and Bolt Connection are fixed; 5, be beneficial to decoration, decoration, paintable beautifying, the product specification shape can be adjusted as requested, and handiness is big; 6, be not afraid of damage by worms, ageing-resistant, corrosion-resistant, water-absorbent is little, can hygroscopic deformation; 7, can reuse and recycling the protection environment; 8, nontoxic, tasteless, insulativity is good; 9, expense is cheap, and use cost is low; 10, help saving earth resources, can not produce the waste gas harmful to human, help protecting HUMAN HEALTH; 11, help the comprehensive utilization of waste agronomic crop, discarded bamboo and woods fiber, reduce and burn the topsoil that causes.12, the present invention is a timber ideal substitute, can improve value-added content of product greatly.13, owing to adopt microwave drying, the water ratio of controlling plant fiber is lower than 0.5%, make the vegetable fibre contraction ratio consistent, the cracking and be out of shape little, and can kill moth and bacterium in the vegetable fibre, can eliminate the bubble in the vegetable fibre, make extrusion moulding normally to carry out, improve the quality of product.14, owing to the screw compression ratio with screw extrusion press is controlled at 2～5, the mixing of raw material and the control of extrusion moulding have been guaranteed.15,, guaranteed that plastic lignified board extrudes cooling forming and surface smoothness owing to adopted compound mouthful mould.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1, a kind of plastic lignified board, and the weight proportion of its moiety is:
Polyethylene 60%
Bamboo fibers 18%
Lime carbonate 3%
Talcum powder 2%
Cellmic C 121 2%
Paraffin 1%
Chlorinatedpolyethylene 11%
Weisspiessglanz 2%
Dioctyl phthalate (DOP) 1%
The preparation method, 1, at first vegetable fibre is carried out microwave dehydration, fine powder, the control water ratio is 0.5%, simultaneously plastics is carried out routine pulverizing drying treatment; 2, by said ratio each component is mixed in high-speed mixer; 3, adopt forcing machine to carry out the extrusion cooling granulation then; 4, enter the screw extrusion press extrusion moulding at last after, the screw compression ratio is 3.5, the cutting of finalizing the design, cool off, draw, curl obtains finished product.Feeding section temperature and extruding zone temperature are controlled at 120 ℃～180 ℃.Pulverizer, these apparatus for production line such as high-speed mixer, screw extrusion press are all purchased the inferior chemical equipment company limited in Jiangsu section, and screw extrusion press is a co-rotating twin screw extruder.
Embodiment 2, a kind of plastic lignified board, and the weight proportion of its moiety is:
Polypropylene 50%
Xylon 30%
Lime carbonate 7%
Cellmic C 121 1%
Paraffin 2%
Cadmium stearate 2%
Weisspiessglanz 4.8%
Dioctyl phthalate (DOP) 2%
Titanium dioxide 1%
Pentaerythritol ester 0.1%
Azimidobenzene 0.1%
The preparation method is with reference to embodiment 1, and wherein feeding section temperature and extruding zone temperature are controlled at 140～210 ℃.
Embodiment 3, a kind of plastic lignified board, and the weight proportion of its moiety is:
Polypropylene 20%
High density polyethylene(HDPE) 15%
ABS plastic 10
Agronomic crop fibre 40%
Talcum powder 3.7%
Cellmic C 121 1%
Paraffin 1%
Cadmium stearate 1%
Weisspiessglanz 5%
Dioctyl phthalate (DOP) 1%
Titanium dioxide 1%
Pentaerythritol ester 0.1%
Dinonyl two sulphamide nickel 0.1%
Thio-2 acid two lauric acid 0.1%
Pigment 1%
The preparation method is with reference to embodiment 1, and polypropylene, high density polyethylene(HDPE), ABS plastic are waste or used plastics, and wherein feeding section temperature and extruding zone temperature are controlled at 140～170 ℃.Can be made into the pallet of 1.0m * 1.2m, its performance index see the following form:
| Carrying | Testing standard | Load value/kg | Maximum deformation quantity/cm |
| The normal temperature static load | ASTMD1185 | 25000 | 0.4 |
| 45 ℃ of static loads | ASTMD1185 | 15000 | 1.3 |
| Dynamic load | ASTMD1185 | 3000 | 0.1 |
| Normal temperature shelf 24h carrying | ASTMD1185 | 5000 | 1.5 |
| 45 ℃ of shelf 24h carryings | ASTMD1185 | 3000 | 2.0 |
| Pallet is to the smooth steel plate frictional coefficient | ASTMD1185 | 70.15 |
Embodiment 4, make the thin plate of 1mm, and proportioning and preparation in implementation step 4, after the co-rotating twin screw extruder extrusion moulding, enter vertical three-roller compression moulding with reference to embodiment 1, and the cooling of finalizing the design then, traction, the cutting of curling obtain finished product.
Claims (1)
1. plastic lignified board, the weight proportion of its moiety is:
Plastics 45～70%
Bamboo fibers 10～45%
Weighting agent 3～10%
Whipping agent 1～2%
Auxiliary agent 3～15%;
Described plastics are one or more in polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, the ABS plastic, described weighting agent be in lime carbonate, the talcum powder one or both, described auxiliary agent is one or more in the compatilizer, fire retardant, oxidation inhibitor, stablizer, lubricant, ageing-resistant dose, tackifier, pigment; Compatilizer is: one or more in cadmium stearate, Zinic stearas, calcium stearate, phenyl allyl ether, perchloro-penta cyclodecane; Fire retardant is one or both of chlorinatedpolyethylene, weisspiessglanz, oxidation inhibitor is pentaerythritol ester, and stablizer is one or more in azimidobenzene, double acid double phenol A ester, thio-2 acid two lauric acid, two (1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-decanoyl-5-oxygen) nickel, the dinonyl two sulphamide nickel; Lubricant is a paraffin, and ageing-resistant dose is titanium dioxide, and tackifier are dioctyl phthalate (DOP), and pigment is commercially available conventional high-temperature resisting pigment.
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| CNB2004100673544A CN100406511C (en) | 2004-10-21 | 2004-10-21 | Plastic lignified board and its making method |
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| CNB2004100673544A CN100406511C (en) | 2004-10-21 | 2004-10-21 | Plastic lignified board and its making method |
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| CN100406511C true CN100406511C (en) | 2008-07-30 |
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