A kind of is the preparation method of the selenium-enriched edible mushroom product of selenium source with activation selenium ore deposit
Technical field
A kind of is the preparation method of the selenium-enriched edible mushroom product of selenium source with activation selenium ore deposit, and the present invention is to be selenium source with activation selenium ore deposit, utilizes that edible mushrooms transforms, the preparation method of the biological selenium-enriched product of enrichment organoselenium, belongs to selenium resource conversion technology field.
Background technology
Selenium is the indispensable trace element of human life, and the dual function of cancer preventing and treating is arranged, and human many acute and chronic diseases such as anaemia, coronary heart disease, Kaschin-Beck disease, Keshan disease and diabetes are also all closely related with scarce selenium.Have more than 40 countries and regions to lack selenium at present in the world, there are 715 counties and cities in China, 100,000,000 populations of having an appointment lack selenium.Effectively additional having become of selenium has influence on the scarce healthy important issue of selenium district resident in the meals.There are some researches show,, can not improve the level of stocking of selenium in the body and certain toxicity is arranged though inorganic seleniums such as Sodium Selenite can synthesize the required selenium-containing biological active substance of body in human body.Make body keep certain stocking, the organoselenium in the pickuping food is best benefit selenium mode, and the amount of augmenting of Chinese Soclety of Nutrition's suggestion was 50 μ g/ man days.So developing biological attitude organoselenium is the effective way that human body is mended selenium.
The effective conversion and the enrichment that utilize microbial cells to carry out selenium are to produce one of important means of organoselenium.In this research field, it is selenium source that people adopt Sodium Selenite more, utilize yeast to carry out conversion, the enrichment of inorganic selenium.There are some researches show, adopt the organoselenium of this method enrichment, the organic selenium product of its physiologically active not as from the farm crop of planting at rich selenium soil, extracting.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of is the preparation method of the selenium-enriched edible mushroom product of selenium source with activation selenium ore deposit, is selenium source with activated selenium ore deposit, utilizes that edible mushrooms transforms, the enrichment organoselenium, and produces active polysaccharide simultaneously.Can make the content of selenium and other beneficial mineral elements in the product reach the state of the par in the farm crop of being planted with rich selenium soil, produce organoselenium and active polysaccharide simultaneously, improve competitiveness of product.
Technical scheme of the present invention: with natural selenium ore is selenium source, extracts with water after pulverizing, activation treatment, this is contained the selenium aqueous solution again and is used to prepare bacterium culture medium, cultivates conversion and the enrichment of carrying out selenium by edible mushrooms.Resulting selenium-enriched edible mushroom both can be used as product and had sold, and also can be used as the raw material that functional foodstuff is produced, and being used for producing with organoselenium and/or active polysaccharide is the functional foodstuff of main functional component.
1) pulverizing of selenium ore, activation and extraction:
Elder generation pulverizes the selenium ore and sieves, and requires to pulverize the fineness of back breeze at the 40-180 order; The selenium mineral powder of weighing certain mass, 3 times of volumes of adding selenium mineral powder mass volume ratio, concentration are the ammoniacal liquor of 0.60mol/L, after at room temperature stirring 24-72 hour, solution is heated to boils and boil to 1/3 volume, naturally cool to room temperature then and add 2 times of volumes of selenium mineral powder mass volume ratio, concentration is the ammoniacal liquor of 0.60mol/L, boil to 1/3 volume again and be cooled to room temperature, add 2 times of volumes of selenium mineral powder mass volume ratio, concentration for the second time and be the ammoniacal liquor of 0.60mol/L and continue to be heated to and boil and boil to 1/3 volume stand-by;
2 times of volumes of adding selenium mineral powder mass volume ratio, concentration are 0.2mol/L sodium hydrogen phosphate-sodium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (pH=8.5), being heated to boils and boil stops heating when the mixture cumulative volume is 2 times of volumes of original ore powder mass volume ratio, be cooled to room temperature and centrifugal in whizzer (3000r/min) 15min, resulting supernatant liquid is the activation selenium mineral water solution that contains selenium.
2) composition of substratum
Select for use suitable carbon source, nitrogenous source and inorganic salt etc. for nutrition, with the activation selenium mineral water solution and the interpolation that contain selenium or not add Sodium Selenite be selenium source, the concentration of regulating selenium in the substratum is regulated its pH at 6-9 at 20-300mg/L, carries out inoculation culture after sterilization.
Described suitable carbon source comprises one or more in glucose, sucrose, starch, Semen Maydis powder, the potato powder, and the content in substratum is 20-60g/L;
Described suitable nitrogenous source comprises one or more in soybean cake powder, wheat bran juice, peptone, the plant protein powder, and the content in substratum is 20-40g/L;
Described suitable inorganic salt comprise one or more in sal epsom, potassium primary phosphate, the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, and the content in substratum is 1-4g/L;
3) inoculation culture:
Edible mushrooms or the yeast of inoculation 1%-20%, the control stirring velocity is 120-280rpm, cultivates 3-9 days under 24-32 ℃ of condition, promptly gets the selenium-enriched edible mushroom nutrient solution, organic selenium content is at 50-600mg/kg in the mycelium;
Described edible mushrooms comprises glossy ganoderma, flat mushroom, needle mushroom, Pleurotus nebrodensis, Agaricus blazei Murrill, Grifola frondosa, Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. or mushroom;
Described yeast comprises cereuisiae fermentum or bread yeast;
4) processing of nutrient solution:
As 3) described nutrient solution can directly sell as rich selenium juice product after seasoning, metering, packing, pasteurisation treatment; Also can after centrifugation and discarding clear liquid, after cryodrying, pulverization process and metering, packing, sell again as the selenium-enriched edible mushroom powder.
Various significant parameters can be adjusted according to the production actual demand.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention is a selenium source with process activatory selenium ore deposit, utilize that edible mushrooms transforms, the enrichment organoselenium, both taken into account the production of active polysaccharide in the edible mushrooms, the conversion and the enrichment of organoselenium have been realized again, thereby the cultivation of selenium-enriched edible mushroom has more competitive power than general edible mushrooms submerged-culture method production, and economic benefit also can be better.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
1) activation of selenium ore:
The selenium ore is pulverized and sieved fineness 40 orders of breeze; The selenium mineral powder of weighing 500g, adding 1500mL concentration is the ammoniacal liquor of 0.60mol/L, after at room temperature stirring 24 hours, solution is heated to boils and boil to 1/3rd volumes, naturally cool to room temperature then and add the ammoniacal liquor that 1000mL concentration is 0.60mol/L, boil to 1/3rd volumes again and be cooled to room temperature, add 1000mL concentration for the second time and be the ammoniacal liquor of 0.60mol/L and continue to be heated to and boil and boil to 1/3rd volumes stand-by;
Adding 1000mL concentration is the sodium hydrogen phosphate of 0.2mol/L---sodium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (pH=8.5), being heated to boils and boil to the mixture cumulative volume stops heating during for 1000mL, be cooled to room temperature and centrifugal in whizzer (3000r/min) 15min, resulting supernatant liquid is the activation selenium mineral water solution that contains selenium.
2) composition of substratum
Select for use substratum to consist of 2% glucose, 4% soybean cake powder, 0.1% sal epsom and 0.3% potassium primary phosphate, add the concentration contain the activation selenium mineral water solution of selenium and to regulate selenium in the substratum at 20mg/L, regulating its pH is 6, carries out inoculation culture after sterilization.
3) inoculation culture:
Inoculation 1% Ganderma lucidum strain, control stirring velocity is 120rpm, and cultivation is 9 days under 24 ℃ of conditions, and promptly being activated the selenium ore deposit is selenium source, utilizes that edible fungus transforms, the biological selenium-enriched product of enrichment organoselenium.
4) processing of nutrient solution:
As 3) described nutrient solution can promptly get product after seasoning, metering, packing, pasteurisation treatment.This product has the fragrance of strong edible mushrooms, does not have bad smell.
Embodiment 2
1) activation of selenium ore:
The selenium ore is pulverized and sieved fineness 80 orders of breeze; The selenium mineral powder of weighing 500g, adding 1500mL concentration is the ammoniacal liquor of 0.60mol/L, after at room temperature stirring 36 hours, solution is heated to boils and boil to 1/3rd volumes, naturally cool to room temperature then and add the ammoniacal liquor that 1000mL concentration is 0.60mol/L, boil to 1/3rd volumes again and be cooled to room temperature, add 1000mL concentration for the second time and be the ammoniacal liquor of 0.60mol/L and continue to be heated to and boil and boil to 1/3rd volumes stand-by;
Adding 1000mL concentration is the sodium hydrogen phosphate of 0.2mol/L---sodium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (pH=8.5), being heated to boils and boil to the mixture cumulative volume stops heating during for 1000mL, be cooled to room temperature and centrifugal in whizzer (3000r/min) 15min, resulting supernatant liquid is the activation selenium mineral water solution that contains selenium.
2) composition of substratum
Select for use substratum to consist of 4% Semen Maydis powder, 3% wheat bran juice, 0.2% sal epsom and 0.2% potassium primary phosphate, add the concentration contain the activation selenium mineral water solution and the sodium selenite aqueous solution of selenium and to regulate selenium in the substratum at 300mg/L (selenium that derives from activation selenium mineral water solution and sodium selenite aqueous solution respectively account for total amount 50%), regulating its pH is 9, carries out inoculation culture after sterilization.
3) inoculation culture:
Inoculation 20% cereuisiae fermentum bacterial classification, control stirring velocity is 200rpm, and cultivation is 3 days under 28 ℃ of conditions, and promptly being activated the selenium ore deposit is selenium source, utilizes that edible mushrooms transforms, the biological selenium-enriched product of enrichment organoselenium.
4) processing of nutrient solution:
As 3) described nutrient solution after centrifugation and discarding clear liquid, sell afterwards through cryodrying, pulverization process and metering, packing again.This product has the fragrance of strong edible mushrooms, does not have bad smell.
Embodiment 3
The selenium ore is pulverized and sieved fineness 180 orders of breeze; The selenium mineral powder of weighing 500g, adding 1500mL concentration is the ammoniacal liquor of 0.60mol/L, after at room temperature stirring 48 hours, solution is heated to boils and boil to 1/3rd volumes, naturally cool to room temperature then and add the ammoniacal liquor that 1000mL concentration is 0.60mol/L, boil to 1/3rd volumes again and be cooled to room temperature, add 1000mL concentration for the second time and be the ammoniacal liquor of 0.60mol/L and continue to be heated to and boil and boil to 1/3rd volumes stand-by;
Adding 1000mL concentration is the sodium hydrogen phosphate of 0.2mol/L---sodium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (pH=8.5), being heated to boils and boil to the mixture cumulative volume stops heating during for 1000mL, be cooled to room temperature and centrifugal in whizzer (3000r/min) 15min, resulting supernatant liquid is the activation selenium mineral water solution that contains selenium.
2) composition of substratum
Select for use substratum to consist of 6% potato powder, 2% peptone, 0.3% sal epsom and 0.1% dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, add the concentration contain the activation selenium mineral water solution of selenium and to regulate selenium in the substratum at 150mg/L, regulating its pH is 7.5, carries out inoculation culture after sterilization.
3) inoculation culture:
Inoculation 10% Agaricus blazei, control stirring velocity is 280rpm, and cultivation is 6 days under 32 ℃ of conditions, and promptly being activated the selenium ore deposit is selenium source, utilizes that edible fungus transforms, the biological selenium-enriched product of enrichment organoselenium.
4) processing of nutrient solution:
As 3) described nutrient solution can promptly get product after seasoning, metering, packing, pasteurisation treatment.This product has the fragrance of strong edible mushrooms, does not have bad smell.