Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the method that a kind of laser lift-off epitaxial wafer prepares upper/lower electrode,, and dispense a large amount of technical processs such as abrasive disc, scribing, sliver, improve the integrated performance index of device with the raising radiating efficiency.The present invention is by whole making Ohmic electrode and reflector on the p of chip face, then on the reflector plating or spraying plating or evaporation thermal conductivity high, periodically the thick metal layers of unit as chip heat sink and substrate (these metals comprise copper (Cu), aluminium (Al), silver (Ag), gold (Au), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), lead (Pb) etc. and alloy thereof), then peel off Sapphire Substrate, prepare Ohmic electrode at the n face then.Characteristics of the present invention are to avoid the difficulty of wafer bonding, utilize metal heat sink to improve radiating efficiency simultaneously, induce sliver.
According to the power-type LED chip for preparing the laser lift-off substrate on metal heat sink of the present invention, concrete structure is as follows:
Going up at thick metal heat sink substrate (more than the 50 μ m) is reflecting electrode, successively be Ni, Ag, Ti, Au forms (Ni/Ag/Ti/Au), be that Ni and Au form the transparency electrode of (Ni/Au) on it, top again is the epitaxial wafer of GaN base LED, is n type electrode topmost, n type electrode material successively is Ti, Al, Ni, Au (Ti/Al/Ni/Au).
Its planar structure: the metal heat sink substrate is to be the not connection side module unit that is spaced apart 200 μ m of 1.2mm in the cycle, reflecting electrode be the cycle be 1.2mm be spaced apart 100 μ m interconnect the square unit, transparency electrode and epitaxial wafer be the cycle be 1.2mm continuously every the square unit, n type electrode is the interconnective branch structure that two pads are arranged, and the cycle is 1.2mm.
The above planar structure cycle is that 1.2mm is the typical sizes of large size chip, and to the arbitrary dimension chip, its cycle can change in 0.2 to 5mm scope, and its all period interval also can change in proper range in proportion.
According to the method for preparing the power-type LED chip of laser lift-off substrate on metal heat sink of the present invention, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) large tracts of land evaporation transparency electrode Ni/Au on Sapphire Substrate GaN epitaxial wafer;
(2) evaporation Ni/Ag/Ti/Au reflector on transparency electrode;
(3) on the reflector, electroplate smooth, periodic metal heat sink unit, more than the thickness 50 μ m;
(4) the heat sink epitaxial wafer of plating is peeled off Sapphire Substrate under the irradiation of Kr excimer laser, obtains n towards the last epitaxial wafer that is bonded in metal heat sink;
(5) use plasma etching on n-GaN surface, evaporating n face electrode then, electrode structure is Ti/Al/Ni/Au;
(6) LED epitaxial wafer n face is sticked blue film, obtain the GaN base LED epitaxial wafer that metal heat sink supports, and make the tube core cellular spliting open.
Most preferred embodiment is described in detail
The purpose of this invention is to provide the method that a kind of laser lift-off epitaxial wafer prepares upper/lower electrode,, improve optics, the electric property index of device to improve radiating efficiency.The present invention is by whole making Ohmic electrode and reflector on the p of chip face, then on the reflector plating or spraying plating or evaporation thermal conductivity high, periodically the thick metal layers of unit as chip heat sink and substrate, then peel off Sapphire Substrate, prepare Ohmic electrode at the n face then.
As heat sink metal can be copper (Cu), aluminium (Al), silver (Ag), gold (Au), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), lead (Pb) etc. and alloy thereof, below only with copper (Cu) as metal heat sink be most preferred embodiment to do explanation, other metals can be done same displacement, and other steps and structure do not need to change.
Below with reference to accompanying drawing of the present invention, be described in detail in the power-type LED chip method of preparation laser lift-off substrate on the metal heat sink and the structure of this led chip.
Fig. 1 a~Fig. 1 c is depicted as laser lift-off, the signal of upper/lower electrode led chip; Wherein Fig. 1 a is the profile of laser lift-off, upper/lower electrode led chip; Fig. 1 b is a Cu substrate surface vertical view; Fig. 1 c is a n-GaN exiting surface vertical view; In conjunction with these accompanying drawings, describe power-type LED chip structure and the characteristics that on Cu is heat sink, prepare the laser lift-off substrate of the present invention below in detail:
(1) the thick Cul of metal heat sink substrate for electroplating, thickness is more than 50 microns, surfacing is as the LED substrate of top-bottom electrode structures.
(2) be reflector 2 above the thick Cu substrate; Reflector 2 is made up of Ni/Ag/Ti/Au, and gross thickness is at 100-2000nm, and Ni connects Ag and transparency electrode; Ag makes the photon reflection that sees through transparency electrode to exiting surface n-GaN face, and Ti/Au hinders the Ag oxidation, and the entire emission layer makes the surface form low-resistance conductive network, thereby guarantees to electroplate the uniformity of Cu.
(3) be transparency electrode 3 above the reflector 2, transparency electrode 3 is the Ni of oxidation (5nm)/Au (5nm); This structure guarantees to form good Ohmic contact with LED epitaxial wafer 4p-GaN.
(4) be the epitaxial wafer 4 of GaN base LED above the transparency electrode 3.
(5) above the LED epitaxial loayer 4 be n type electrode, this n type electrode is Ti/Al/Ni/Au, and gross thickness is at 100-2000nm.
Planar structure according to led chip of the present invention is: the metal heat sink substrate is to be the not connection side module unit that is spaced apart 200 μ m of 1.2mm in the cycle, reflecting electrode be the cycle be 1.2mm be spaced apart 100 μ m interconnect the square unit, transparency electrode and epitaxial wafer be the cycle be 1.2mm continuously every the square unit, n type electrode is the interconnective branch structure that two pads are arranged, and the cycle is 1.2mm.
Fig. 2 a~Fig. 2 f is laser lift-off, upper/lower electrode led chip preparation process schematic diagram; Wherein Fig. 2 a is evaporation transparency electrode Ni/Au on Sapphire Substrate GaN epitaxial wafer; Fig. 2 b is evaporation reflector Ni/Ag/Ti/Au on transparency electrode; Fig. 2 c is plating thick Cu on the reflector; Fig. 2 d is that laser lift-off falls Sapphire Substrate; Fig. 2 e is evaporation Ti/Al/Ni/Au on n-GaN; Fig. 2 f is stained with blue film to epitaxial wafer, expands film and makes chip unit separately.
It is as follows to describe concrete implementation step of the present invention in detail in conjunction with Fig. 2 a~Fig. 2 f:
(1) large tracts of land evaporation transparency electrode Ni (5nm)/Au (5nm) on Sapphire Substrate GaN epitaxial wafer, then under oxygen 400-600 ℃ following alloy 1-10 minute, use oxalic acid: water=1: 3 floats surperficial NiO.As Fig. 2 a.
(2) evaporation Ni/Ag/Ti/Au reflector on transparency electrode, metal links to each other between each unit, and gross thickness is at 100-2000nm, as Fig. 2 b.The electrode reference figuration is shown in Fig. 1 b.
(3) do mask with thick photoresist, electroplate smooth, periodic Cu unit on the reflector, more than the thickness 50 μ m, Cu does not interconnect between the unit.As Fig. 2 c.
(4) plating Cu epitaxial wafer peeling GaN substrate under the irradiation of Kr excimer laser obtains the epitaxial wafer on the supine Cu of being bonded in of n, as Fig. 2 d.
(5) at n-GaN surface Ar plasma etching 10 seconds to 10 minutes, radio-frequency power 60-200W, evaporating n face electrode such as Fig. 1 c then.Electrode structure is Ti/Al/Ni/Au, and gross thickness is at 100-2000nm, as Fig. 2 e.
(6) LED epitaxial wafer n face is sticked blue film (70-80 ℃), obtain the GaN base LED epitaxial wafer that Cu supports, induce sliver to make the tube core cellular spliting open, as Fig. 2 f.
LED preparation method's of the present invention main feature has:
(1) transparency electrode 3 is the Ni/Au of oxidation, guarantees to form good Ohmic contact with LED epitaxial wafer 4p-GaN.Remove NiO with oxalic acid, obtain more low-resistance contact layer, reduce the LED operating voltage, and increase the uniformity of electroplating Cu.
(2) reflector 2 is made up of Ni/Ag/Ti/Au, Ni connects Ag and transparency electrode, and Ag makes the photon reflection that sees through transparency electrode to exiting surface n-GaN face, and Ti/Au hinders the Ag oxidation, the entire emission layer makes the surface form low-resistance conductive network, thereby guarantees to electroplate the uniformity of Cu.
(3) selectivity is plated thick Cu1 and has been guaranteed that tube core is separated from each other, and the border of Cu will cause GaN to induce sliver along the Cu edge along a cleavage surface of GaN face so simultaneously.
(4) by in the surface treatment of n-GaN face, and select suitable electrode component, thickness, be the Ohmic electrode Ti/Al/Ni/Au 5 of non-alloying, consider the even distribution of n face injection current simultaneously, select rational electrode pattern at the n-GaN face.
The present invention has the advantage of the following aspects:
(1) n-GaN face bright dipping has avoided electrode to be in the light; Glazed area is big, the light transmittance height;
(2) n type Ohmic electrode is easy to preparation, is convenient to injection current and evenly distributes, and improves injection efficiency;
(3) radiating efficiency of Cu substrate improves greatly;
(4) chip light-emitting efficiency is improved in p type reflector;
(5) periodic thick Cu will induce sliver, omit technical processs such as abrasive disc, scribing and sliver.
Although disclose most preferred embodiment of the present invention and accompanying drawing for the purpose of illustration, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that: without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, various replacements, variation and modification all are possible.Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to most preferred embodiment and the disclosed content of accompanying drawing.