CH441417A - Sealing of walls against pressure and seepage water - Google Patents
Sealing of walls against pressure and seepage waterInfo
- Publication number
- CH441417A CH441417A CH1375865A CH1375865A CH441417A CH 441417 A CH441417 A CH 441417A CH 1375865 A CH1375865 A CH 1375865A CH 1375865 A CH1375865 A CH 1375865A CH 441417 A CH441417 A CH 441417A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- sealing element
- dependent
- seal according
- sealing
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000283216 Phocidae Species 0.000 claims 7
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002984 plastic foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
- E21D11/383—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating by applying waterproof flexible sheets; Means for fixing the sheets to the tunnel or cavity wall
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Description
Abdichtung von Wandungen gegen Druck- und Sickerwasser :Dm vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Abdichtung von Wandungen gegen Druck- und Sicker wasser sowie auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung dersel ben.
Bisher wurden solche Abdichtungen durch Appli kation einer undurchlässigen Isolationsschicht ange- strebt, die jedoch aufwendiger Arbeitsorperationen <B>be-</B> durfte, die ihrerseits mit erheblicher Staub- und Lärment- wicklung verbunden waren.
Ferner erforderten die bekannten Abdichtungen zu ihrer Herstellung bekanntlich eine Mehrzahl von Ar- beitsgangen, die in keinem Zusammenhang mit der Güte der Abdichtung standen.
Zweck der vorliegenden Erfindung ist, eine Abdich tung zu schaffen, die die erwähnten Nachteile grössten- teils vermeidet, und :die gegenüber den bekannten<B>Ab-</B> dichtungen in ihrer Herstellbarkelt vielseitiger ist und zudem Gewähr für eine einwandfreie Abdichtung bietet.
Die vorgeschlagene Abdichtung ist gekennzeichnet durch ein auf einer Tragschicht befestigtes, flächenhaf tes und mehrschichtiges Dichtungselement, von dem mindestens die wasserseitige Schicht durchlässig und elw±sch nachgiebig isst, und das mindestens eine bieg same wasserdichte Schicht aufweiset.
Dabei ist die Aufgabe der wasserseitigen, durch lässigen und elastisch nachgiebigen Schicht des Dich tungselementes eine zweifache. Erstens dient diese Schicht dazu, das aus der Tragschicht bzw. der Wan dung anfallende Wasser aufzunehmen und seitlich abzu leiten, wobei zweckmässigerweise eigens hierfür be stimmte Abflussleitungen vorgesehen werden. Zweitens dient diese Schicht mit ihrer Nachgiebigkeit als Polster z.
B. der wasserdichten Folie gegen Verletzungen der selben durch Rauhigkeiten in der Oberfläche der Trag schicht.
Die Aufgabe der wasserdichten Schicht ist selbst verständlich jene, das aus der Wandung bzw. der Trag schicht anfallende Wasser nicht durchsickern zu lassen und damit dessen Abfluss durch die durchlässige Schicht zu begünstigen. Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemässen Abdichtung ist nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung be schrieben, in deren einzigen Figur schematisch ein Quer schnitt durch eine Abdichtung als Tunnelabdichtung dargestellt ist.
Wie aus .der Figur ersichtlich, ist mit 1 die Ge- steinswandung .eines abgeteuften Tunnels oder Schach tes bezeichnet, durch deren Ritzen bekanntlicherweise stets Druck- oder Sickerwasser anfällt, gegen welches das Innere des Tunnels abzudichten ist. Zu diesem Zweck ist auf der Gesteinswandung 1 eine Tragschicht 2 aufgetragen, die in erster Linie dazu dient, die un- regelmässige Oberfläche der Gesteinswandung 1 zu glät ten und allenfalls lose Gesteinsbrocken mechanisch zu sichern.
Die Tragschicht 2 lässt sich auf eine beliebige herkömmliche Weise auftragen und besteht in der Regel aus Beton, der entweder aufgespritzt oder unter Zu hilfenahme einer Schaltung eingegossen ist.
Die Tragschicht 2 übernimmt keine eigentliche Ab dichtungsaufgabe, obwohl sie in der Lage ist, dass In nere des Tunnels gegen grössere Wassereinbrüche zu sichern.
Auf der nun gleichmässigen Innenfläche 2a der Tragschicht 2 ist ein mehrschichtiges Dichtungselement 3, z. B. durch Verklebung befestigt. Das Dichtungs element weist wasserseitig eine durchlässige, elastisch nachgiebige Schicht 4 auf, die direkt auf der Tragschicht 2 aufliegt. Für die Schicht 4 eignet sich besonders ein offenzelliger Kunststoffschaum, etwa ein Polyurethan- oder ein Polyamidschaum. Auf :der Schicht 4 liegt eine wasserdichte Schicht 5 in Form einer Kunststoffolie, z. B.
PVC-Folie auf, und auf dieser eine Schutzschicht 6, da .die Folie 5 in der Regel nur eine geringe Einreiss- festigkeit aufweist und demzufolge verhältnismässig ver letzlich ist. Als Werkstoff für die Schutzschicht eignen sich besonders faserhaltige Flächengebilde, etwa aus Leder-, Textil-, Glas- oder Mineralfasern, die verwoben oder mittels eines Bindemittels zu einem halbsteifen Vlies verbunden sind, wobei mindestens dessen auf die Folie 5 aufliegende Fläche Gewähr dafür zu bieten hat, dass diese nicht durchgestochen bzw. abgescheuert und geschwächt wird.
Auf der Schutzschicht 6 ist eine im Tunnelbau all gemein übliche Schicht 7 aus Sichtbeton aufgetragen, die wie üblich aufgespritzt sein kann. In diesem Fall übernimmt die Schutzschicht 6 den Schutz der Folie 5 gegen direkte mechanische Einwirkung der aufgespaitz- ten P.artikzln ider Sichtbetonschicht 7, während die Schaumstoffschicht 4 :
die wasserdichte Folie 5 trotz einer gewissen Verschiebung infolge der Druckeinwirkung beim Auftragen der Sichtbetonschicht 7 von den Ober flächenrauhigkeiten der Tragschicht 2 abpolstert. Aus- serdem dient die Schutzschicht 6 mindestens teilweise zur Verankerung der Sichtbetonschicht 7 an der Tunnel innvnwand.
Es ist allerdings darauf hinzuweisen, dass die Schaumstoffschicht 4 auch beim Fehlen einer Schutz schicht 6 weitgehend in der Lage ist, Verletzungen der Folie 5 zu vermeiden, da diese Schaumstoffschicht 4 eine nachgiebige Unterlage für die Folie bildet. Die Weglassung der Schutzschicht 6 hat den Vorteil, dass damit die Dicke des Dichtungselementes verringert wird. Selbstverständlich wird man die Stärke der Folie bzw. das Folienmaterial dem Fehlen der Schutzschicht an passen.
Sealing of walls against pressurized and seepage water: The present invention relates to a sealing of walls against pressurized and seepage water and to a method for producing the same ben.
Up to now, such seals have been strived for by applying an impermeable insulation layer, which, however, has to involve laborious work operations, which in turn are associated with considerable dust and noise generation.
Furthermore, as is well known, the known seals required a large number of operations for their production which were not related to the quality of the seal.
The purpose of the present invention is to create a seal which largely avoids the disadvantages mentioned, and which is more versatile than the known seals in terms of their manufacturability and also offers a guarantee for a perfect seal .
The proposed seal is characterized by a flat and multi-layer sealing element attached to a base layer, of which at least the water-side layer is permeable and flexible, and which has at least one flexible waterproof layer.
The task of the water-side, permeable and elastically resilient layer of the sealing element is twofold. Firstly, this layer serves to absorb the water from the base layer or the wall and to divert it to the side, with drainage lines being provided specifically for this purpose. Second, with its flexibility, this layer serves as a cushion e.g.
B. the waterproof film against injuries to the same layer by roughness in the surface of the support.
The task of the watertight layer is, of course, to prevent the water from seeping through from the wall or the base layer and thus to facilitate its drainage through the permeable layer. An embodiment of the seal according to the invention is described below with reference to the drawing be, in the single figure of which a cross section is shown schematically through a seal as a tunnel seal.
As can be seen from the figure, 1 denotes the rock wall of a sunk tunnel or shaft, through the cracks of which, as is known, pressure or seepage water always accumulates, against which the interior of the tunnel is to be sealed. For this purpose, a base layer 2 is applied to the rock wall 1, which primarily serves to smooth the irregular surface of the rock wall 1 and, if necessary, to mechanically secure loose rocks.
The base layer 2 can be applied in any conventional manner and usually consists of concrete which is either sprayed on or poured in with the aid of a circuit.
The base layer 2 does not actually take on any sealing task, although it is able to secure the interior of the tunnel against major water ingress.
On the now even inner surface 2a of the support layer 2 is a multilayer sealing element 3, z. B. attached by gluing. The sealing element has a permeable, elastically resilient layer 4 on the water side, which rests directly on the support layer 2. An open-cell plastic foam, for example a polyurethane or a polyamide foam, is particularly suitable for the layer 4. On top of the layer 4 is a waterproof layer 5 in the form of a plastic film, e.g. B.
PVC film on, and on this a protective layer 6, since .the film 5 generally has only a low tear resistance and is therefore relatively fragile. A particularly suitable material for the protective layer are fibrous flat structures, for example made of leather, textile, glass or mineral fibers, which are woven or connected to a semi-rigid fleece by means of a binding agent, at least its surface resting on the film 5 guaranteeing this has that this is not punctured or abraded and weakened.
A layer 7 made of exposed concrete, which is common in tunnel construction and which can be sprayed on as usual, is applied to the protective layer 6. In this case, the protective layer 6 takes over the protection of the film 5 against direct mechanical action of the cut-on items in the exposed concrete layer 7, while the foam layer 4:
the waterproof film 5 cushions the surface roughness of the base layer 2 despite a certain displacement due to the pressure when applying the exposed concrete layer 7 from the upper. In addition, the protective layer 6 serves at least partially to anchor the exposed concrete layer 7 to the inner wall of the tunnel.
It should be pointed out, however, that the foam layer 4 is largely able to avoid damage to the film 5 even in the absence of a protective layer 6, since this foam layer 4 forms a flexible base for the film. The omission of the protective layer 6 has the advantage that the thickness of the sealing element is thereby reduced. Of course, the thickness of the film or the film material will be adapted to the lack of the protective layer.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH1375865A CH441417A (en) | 1965-10-06 | 1965-10-06 | Sealing of walls against pressure and seepage water |
FR78856A FR1502895A (en) | 1965-10-06 | 1966-10-05 | Coating to seal the walls of tunnels and wells against seepage water |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH1375865A CH441417A (en) | 1965-10-06 | 1965-10-06 | Sealing of walls against pressure and seepage water |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CH441417A true CH441417A (en) | 1967-08-15 |
Family
ID=4395051
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CH1375865A CH441417A (en) | 1965-10-06 | 1965-10-06 | Sealing of walls against pressure and seepage water |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CH (1) | CH441417A (en) |
FR (1) | FR1502895A (en) |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2442058A1 (en) * | 1974-09-03 | 1976-03-18 | Ruhrkohle Ag | Composite support for underground excavations - with concrete cover, and impermeable plastic sheet bonded to flexible plastic layer |
DE2649957A1 (en) * | 1976-10-30 | 1978-05-03 | Didier Werke Ag | Plastics sheet lining for concrete vessel - has spacing ribs and joining compound applied locally to prevent lining separation |
DE2819604A1 (en) * | 1978-05-05 | 1979-11-15 | Basf Farben & Fasern | Underground tunnel joint seal against water and drifting sand - has insulating rendering applied after inserting cement bonded drainage duct |
EP0007413A1 (en) * | 1978-07-28 | 1980-02-06 | Hüls Troisdorf Aktiengesellschaft | Process for sealing of walls from water pressure or infiltration |
EP0012823A1 (en) * | 1978-12-09 | 1980-07-09 | Ruhrkohle Aktiengesellschaft | Lining for underground cavities |
DE3203026A1 (en) * | 1982-01-29 | 1983-08-11 | Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf | Sealing of walls against pressure and/or percolating water by means of a sealing layer |
AT396712B (en) * | 1991-05-10 | 1993-11-25 | Hofinger Rudolf G | Method of producing a tunnel tube and tunnel tube produced using this method |
EP0898052A1 (en) * | 1997-08-15 | 1999-02-24 | Köster Bauchemie Gmbh | Method of sealing a subterranean formation against the penetration of water |
EP1405985A1 (en) * | 2002-10-01 | 2004-04-07 | Hildener Filz Produktion GmbH & Co.KG | Tunnel lining |
DE102004057058A1 (en) * | 2004-11-25 | 2006-06-14 | Brameshuber, Wolfgang, Prof.Dr.-Ing. | Arrangement for sealing a planar component and a method for producing such an arrangement |
DE102004024472B4 (en) * | 2004-05-14 | 2007-11-15 | Mueg Mitteldeutsche Umwelt- Und Entsorgung Gmbh | Method and device for sealing the walls of engineering structures made of concrete, in particular of underground tunnel structures |
DE102005054330B4 (en) * | 2005-11-11 | 2008-01-31 | Mueg Mitteldeutsche Umwelt- Und Entsorgung Gmbh | Apparatus for sealing the walls of engineering structures made of concrete, in particular of underground tunnel structures |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2558442A1 (en) * | 1975-12-23 | 1977-07-07 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh | METHOD AND MEANS FOR PRODUCING A GAS-TIGHT TRAIL WALL FOR PIT FIRE PREVENTION AND EMISSION |
-
1965
- 1965-10-06 CH CH1375865A patent/CH441417A/en unknown
-
1966
- 1966-10-05 FR FR78856A patent/FR1502895A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2442058A1 (en) * | 1974-09-03 | 1976-03-18 | Ruhrkohle Ag | Composite support for underground excavations - with concrete cover, and impermeable plastic sheet bonded to flexible plastic layer |
DE2649957A1 (en) * | 1976-10-30 | 1978-05-03 | Didier Werke Ag | Plastics sheet lining for concrete vessel - has spacing ribs and joining compound applied locally to prevent lining separation |
DE2819604A1 (en) * | 1978-05-05 | 1979-11-15 | Basf Farben & Fasern | Underground tunnel joint seal against water and drifting sand - has insulating rendering applied after inserting cement bonded drainage duct |
EP0007413A1 (en) * | 1978-07-28 | 1980-02-06 | Hüls Troisdorf Aktiengesellschaft | Process for sealing of walls from water pressure or infiltration |
EP0012823A1 (en) * | 1978-12-09 | 1980-07-09 | Ruhrkohle Aktiengesellschaft | Lining for underground cavities |
DE3203026A1 (en) * | 1982-01-29 | 1983-08-11 | Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf | Sealing of walls against pressure and/or percolating water by means of a sealing layer |
AT396712B (en) * | 1991-05-10 | 1993-11-25 | Hofinger Rudolf G | Method of producing a tunnel tube and tunnel tube produced using this method |
EP0898052A1 (en) * | 1997-08-15 | 1999-02-24 | Köster Bauchemie Gmbh | Method of sealing a subterranean formation against the penetration of water |
EP1405985A1 (en) * | 2002-10-01 | 2004-04-07 | Hildener Filz Produktion GmbH & Co.KG | Tunnel lining |
DE102004024472B4 (en) * | 2004-05-14 | 2007-11-15 | Mueg Mitteldeutsche Umwelt- Und Entsorgung Gmbh | Method and device for sealing the walls of engineering structures made of concrete, in particular of underground tunnel structures |
DE102004057058A1 (en) * | 2004-11-25 | 2006-06-14 | Brameshuber, Wolfgang, Prof.Dr.-Ing. | Arrangement for sealing a planar component and a method for producing such an arrangement |
DE102005054330B4 (en) * | 2005-11-11 | 2008-01-31 | Mueg Mitteldeutsche Umwelt- Und Entsorgung Gmbh | Apparatus for sealing the walls of engineering structures made of concrete, in particular of underground tunnel structures |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR1502895A (en) | 1967-11-24 |
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