CH334902A - Process for protecting cellulose-containing fiber material with a inherently low swelling value against attack by microorganisms - Google Patents
Process for protecting cellulose-containing fiber material with a inherently low swelling value against attack by microorganismsInfo
- Publication number
- CH334902A CH334902A CH334902DA CH334902A CH 334902 A CH334902 A CH 334902A CH 334902D A CH334902D A CH 334902DA CH 334902 A CH334902 A CH 334902A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- sep
- water
- fiber material
- microorganisms
- against attack
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 title claims description 7
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 title claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920003180 amino resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009998 heat setting Methods 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M16/00—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D17/00—Parachutes
- B64D17/22—Load suspension
- B64D17/34—Load suspension adapted to control direction or rate of descent
- B64D17/343—Load suspension adapted to control direction or rate of descent by reefing means
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/39—Aldehyde resins; Ketone resins; Polyacetals
- D06M15/423—Amino-aldehyde resins
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/907—Resistant against plant or animal attack
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2971—Impregnation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/10—Scrim [e.g., open net or mesh, gauze, loose or open weave or knit, etc.]
- Y10T442/102—Woven scrim
- Y10T442/172—Coated or impregnated
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2213—Coating or impregnation is specified as weather proof, water vapor resistant, or moisture resistant
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2525—Coating or impregnation functions biologically [e.g., insect repellent, antiseptic, insecticide, bactericide, etc.]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zum Schützen von cellulosehaltigem Fasergut mit an sich niederem Quellwert gegen den Angriff von Microorganismen Es wurde bereits vorgeschlagen, härtbar- Aminoplaste auf eellulosehaltigem Fasergut mit an sieh niederem Quellwert derart.
zu fixieren, dass man sie in den wasserunlöslichen Zustand überführt, ohne das Wasser der Im prägnierflüssigkeit bis zur Vollendung der Ilarzkondensation ganz wegzutroeknen. Zum Unterschied von der üblichen Wärmefixierung nach erfolgter Trocknung (,Trockenhärtung; wird die beschriebene Fixierung in Anwesen heit von Wasser als Massfixierung bezeichnet. (siehe Hauptpatent Nr. 304005).
Im Gegensatz zur Trockenhärtung werden die mechanischen Eigenschaften des Faser materials, sofern es sieh um solches mit niede rem Quellwert handelt; bei der l@al'#fixierunr nicht. oder höchstens nur wenig verändert. Das ist aber nicht etwa, auf eine durch mildere Fixierun-sbeclingiuigen erreichbare Über- rangsform des bei Trockenhärtung üblichen.
Zustandes zurückzuführen, sondern hängt vermutlieli mit. einem anders gearteten Ver lauf des Kondensationsprozesses zusammen. Tatsache ist, dass die Massfixierung zu durch- nreifend auskondensierten, weitgehend un löslichen Produkten führt, was bei der üb lichen Trockenhärtung nicht. in gleichem Masse der Fall ist.
Durch die wasserbeständige Einlagerung> von Kunstharz kann das Textilgrit bei der Massfixierung in dauerhafter Weise gegen den Angriff durch :VIicroorganismen geschützt werden, ohne da.ss solche Eigenschaften wie Reissfestigkeit und Scheuerwiderstand dabei leiden.
Die Nassfixierung wurde bisher in der Weise vorgenommen, dass das Fasergalt, nach vorgenommener Imprägnierung und mecha nischer Entfernung der überschüssigen Im prägnierflüssigkeit, längere Zeit bei gewöhn licher oder erhöhter Temperatur gelagert wurde, gegebenenfalls unter Luftzirkulation mit oder ohne teilweiser Wegtrocknung des anwesenden Wassers.
Eine derartige Arbeits weise beansprucht. verhältnismässig viel Zeit und birgt. die Gefahr eines ungleichmässigen Ausfalles in sich, da es schwierig ist zu ver meiden, dass örtliche Antrocknungen statt finden.
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zum wasserbeständigen Schüt zen von cellulosehaltigem Fasergut mit an sieh niederem Quellwert gegen den Angriff von Mieroorganismen unter weitgehender Erhal tung der Quellfestigkeit und der Reissfestig keit des iHaterials durch Imprägnieren des zu behandelnden Fasergiftes in einem wässrigen Bad von h4.rtbaren Aminoplasten,
mecha nisches Entfernen der überschüssigen Im prägnierflüssigkeit und Überführen bei erhöh ter Temperatur der Aminoplaste in und auf den Fasern in den wasserunlöslichen Zustand, ohne das aus der Imprägnierflüssigkeit stam mende und von den Fasern zurückgehaltene )Wasser bis zur Vollendung der Harzkonden sation ganz wegzut.rocknen, so dass die Kon densation in Gegenwart von Wasser vor sieh geht, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist,
dass die zur Lberführttng der Aminoplaste in den wasserunlöslichen Zustand benötigte \Wärme mindestens zum grössten Teil durch direkten Wasserdampf zugeführt wird. Kreuzspulen oder Strangware werden dabei in kurzer Zeit bis in die innersten Schichten durchwärmt. Bei Anwendung gesättigten -Wasserdampfes besteht keine Gefahr eines örtlichen Austroek- nens. Beim Arbeiten bei höheren Temperatu ren, z.
B. bei 110-120 unter Druck, kann die Fixierungszeit weitgehend herabgesetzt werden, so dass der ganze Prozess, einschliess lich Aufwärmungszeit, in 1.-2 Stunden oder auch noch bedeutend schneller abgeschlossen werden kann.
Durch das mechanische Entfernen der überschüssigen Imprägnierflüssigkeit wird bewirkt, dass das beim Aufwärmen des nassen Fasergutes aus dem Dampf gebildete Wasser vom ersteren aufgenommen wird, ohne class es zum Fliessen der Imprägnierlösung kommt. Das Entfernen der übersehüssigen Imprägnier lösung kann zum Beispiel durch Abdrücken, Schleudern oder Absaugen erfolgen.
Für das vorliegende Verfahren wird der Schutz nur so weit, beansprucht, als es sieh nicht um eine für die Textilindustrie in Be tracht fallende Behandlung von Textilfasern zum Zwecke deren Veredlung handelt. <I>Beispiel Z</I> Zwei Stränge Baumwollgarn 30/2 Fach, gebleicht, die zur Herstellung von Fischnetzen bestimmt.
sind, irden in eine Lösung ent haltend pro Liter 100 -- eines unbeschränkt wasserlöslichen Kondensationsproduktes aus 1 11IIo1 Melamin und etwa 2 Mol Formaldehyd, 5 g eines salzsauren rlthanolaminkatalysators und 1 g eines nicht ionogenen Netzmittels bei Zimmertemperatur eingelegt., mehrere Male darin umgezogen, von Hand schwach abge drückt und in einer Zentrifuge auf 175 /c, des ursprünglichen Gewichtes abgeschleudert. Der eine der beiden Stränge wurde mit Nr.
1 bezeichnet und, ohne zu trocknen, auf einem IIolzstabe in einem kleinen Versuehsdruck- kessel aufgehängt. Am Boden des Kessels be fand sich eine Wasserschieht, in welche ein Dampfeinführungsrohr mündete. Der Strang war von Wasserspritzern durch ein über der Wasserschicht angebrachtes Sieb. geschützt. Nach verschliessen des Druekkessels wurde Dampf eingelassen, bis die Temperatur im Innern des Kessels auf 110 stieg. Diese Tem peratur wurde bei stark abgedrosseltem Dampfaustritt durch einen Kondenstopf wäh rend ? Stunden aufrechterhalten.
Nach der Dampfbehandlung wurde der Strang gespült und getrocknet.
Der zusammen mit Strang Nr. 1 im prägnierte und geschleuderte Strang Nr. 2 wurde nach dem Schleudern bei etwa 400 (' getrocknet und anschliessend 6 Minuten bei 1-10 gehärtet. Danach wurde er gespült und getrocknet.
Zur Beurteilux g der Harzfixierung wur den Abschnitte beider Stränge zur Stickstoff- bestimung nach Kjeldahl verwendet.
Weitere Abschnitte wurden vor der Stiekstoffbestim- mung i/2 Stunde mit kochendem Wasser resp. mit. 1 1/aiger Ameisensäure bei 70 C zum Ab ziehen der nicht völlig fixierten Harzanteile behandelt. lass wurden folgende Stickstoff werte ermittelt:
EMI0002.0052
Stickstoffgehalt <SEP> in
<tb> '/x <SEP> Stunde
<tb> Strang <SEP> 'h <SEP> Stunde <SEP> in <SEP> 1 <SEP> / <SEP> iger
<tb> tel <SEP> quel <SEP> in <SEP> Wasser <SEP> Ameisen gekocht <SEP> Säure <SEP> 70 <SEP> C
<tb> Nr. <SEP> 1 <SEP> 5,1 <SEP> 5,1 <SEP> 4,3
<tb> 1\7r.2 <SEP> 4,8 <SEP> 3,5 <SEP> 1,4 Aus diesen Zahlen ist zu ersehen, dass bei der Nassfixierung durch Dampfeinwirkung (Nr. 1) eine viel dureh-reifendere Harzfixie rung stattgefunden hat als beim üblichen Troekenhärten (Nr. 2).
Nach einer Konditio- nierttng während 48 Stunden bei 20 C und 64% relativer Luftfeuchtigkeit wurde der restliche Teil beider Stränge nebst unbehan- delteni Baumwollgarn zur Bestimmung der Seheuerfestigkeit verwendet.. Die Messungen wurden auf einem Garnscheuerapparat vorge nommen, in welchem das Garn durch Hin- und Herbewegung an sich selbst gescheuert. wird.
Im Durchschnitt von je 10 Messungen wurden folgende Scheuerzahlen ermittelt: Unbehandeltes Garn 28 Strang Nr. 1 27 Strang Nr. 2 6
EMI0003.0005
Der <SEP> behandelte <SEP> Strang <SEP> Nr. <SEP> 1 <SEP> ist <SEP> dauerhaft
<tb> fegen <SEP> den <SEP> Angriff <SEP> durch <SEP> Microorganismen
<tb> greselüitzt.
<tb> <I>Beispiel <SEP> 2</I>
<tb> Es <SEP> wurde <SEP> genau <SEP> wie <SEP> im <SEP> Beispiel <SEP> 1 <SEP> gearbei tet, <SEP> mit <SEP> dem <SEP> Unterschied, <SEP> dass <SEP> statt.
<SEP> Strang ware <SEP> Baumwollkreuzspulen <SEP> verwendet <SEP> wur den, <SEP> welche <SEP> nach <SEP> dem <SEP> Imprägnieren <SEP> auf <SEP> einer
<tb> Laboratoriumsapparatur <SEP> zum <SEP> Färben <SEP> einzel ner <SEP> Kreuzspulen <SEP> auf <SEP> <B>175(1/e</B> <SEP> abgesehleudert
<tb> und <SEP> 2 <SEP> Stunden <SEP> bei <SEP> 110 <SEP> mit <SEP> Dampf <SEP> nassfixiert
<tb> resp. <SEP> 6' <SEP> bei <SEP> 1.10 <SEP> nach <SEP> dem <SEP> Trocknen <SEP> gehärtet
<tb> wurden. <SEP> Während <SEP> das <SEP> Garn <SEP> der <SEP> mit <SEP> Dampf
<tb> nassfixierten <SEP> Spule <SEP> fest <SEP> und <SEP> elastisch <SEP> blieb,
<tb> war <SEP> dasjenige <SEP> der <SEP> trocken <SEP> gehärteten <SEP> brüehig
<tb> und <SEP> für <SEP> die <SEP> weitere <SEP> Verwendung <SEP> vollkommen
<tb> unbrauchbar <SEP> geworden.
<SEP> Das <SEP> erfindungsge mäss <SEP> behandelte <SEP> Material <SEP> ist <SEP> dauerhaft <SEP> gegen
<tb> den <SEP> Angriff <SEP> durch <SEP> Microorganismen <SEP> geschützt. <I>Beispiel 3</I> 2 Stränge Baumwollgarn, das zur Herstel- hing von Fischnetzen bestimmt ist, wurden mit einer Lösung enthaltend pro Liter 100 g eines beschränkt wasserlöslichen Kondensa tionsproduktes aus 1 Mol 3lelamin und 3 Mo1 Formaldehyd, 1,2 g Gelatine, 15 cm3 Ammo niak 25"/Gig und 10 g Ammoniumchlorid,
sorgfältig imprägniert und auf 175% des ursprünglichen Gewichtes abgeschleudert. Da- ; nach wurde, genau wie in Beispeil 1, Strang Nr. 1, 2 Stunden bei 110 mit Dampf nass fixiert, während Strang Nr. 2 getrocknet und 6 Minuten bei 140 trocken gehärtet wurde.
Die Kjeldahl-Bestimmungen ergaben folgende i Stickstoffwerte
EMI0003.0026
Stickstoffgehalt <SEP> in
<tb> '/a <SEP> Stunde
<tb> Strang <SEP> <B>1</B>/z <SEP> Stunde <SEP> in <SEP> 1 <SEP> % <SEP> iger
<tb> tel <SEP> quel <SEP> in <SEP> Wasser <SEP> Ameisen gekocht <SEP> säure <SEP> 70 <SEP> C
<tb> Nr. <SEP> 1 <SEP> 4,7 <SEP> 4,7 <SEP> 4,8
<tb> Nr.
<SEP> 2 <SEP> 4,7 <SEP> 4,4 <SEP> 3,0 Die Bestimmung der Reissfestigkeit in trekenein und in nassem Zustande ergab fol- zende Durchschnittswerte
EMI0003.0030
Trockenmessung <SEP> Nassmessung
<tb> Garn
<tb> Festigkeit <SEP> Dehnung <SEP> Festigkeit <SEP> Dehnung
<tb> Unbehandelt <SEP> 645 <SEP> 11,8 <SEP> 716 <SEP> 7,8
<tb> Nr. <SEP> 1 <SEP> 681 <SEP> 15,0 <SEP> 725 <SEP> 20,0
<tb> Nr. <SEP> 2 <SEP> 344 <SEP> 3,2 <SEP> 384 <SEP> 4,8 Strang Nr. 1 ist gegen den Angriff durch Microorganismen dauerhaft geschützt.
Method for protecting cellulose-containing fiber material with a per se low swelling value against attack by microorganisms. It has already been proposed to use hardenable aminoplasts on cellulose-containing fiber material with a low swelling value.
to fix that they are converted into the water-insoluble state without completely drying off the water of the impregnating liquid until the Ilarz condensation is complete. In contrast to the usual heat setting after drying (, dry curing; the fixation described in the presence of water is referred to as mass fixation. (See main patent no. 304005).
In contrast to dry curing, the mechanical properties of the fiber material, provided it is such with a low swelling value; not with the l @ al '# fixierunr. or at most only slightly changed. But this is not about a superordinate form of that which is usual with dry curing, which can be achieved through milder fixation.
State, but probably depends on it. a different course of the condensation process. The fact is that the dimensional fixation leads to penetrating, condensed, largely insoluble products, which is not the case with the usual dry curing. is equally the case.
Due to the water-resistant storage of> synthetic resin, the textile grit can be permanently protected against attack by: Microorganisms during dimensional fixation without impairing properties such as tear resistance and abrasion resistance.
The wet fixation has so far been carried out in such a way that, after the impregnation and mechanical removal of the excess impregnation liquid, the fiber material was stored for a long time at ordinary or elevated temperature, possibly with air circulation with or without partial drying of the water present.
Such a working way claimed. relatively much time and holds. the risk of uneven failure in itself, as it is difficult to avoid local drying out.
The present invention relates to a process for the water-resistant protection of cellulosic fiber material with a low swelling value against attack by microorganisms while largely maintaining the swelling strength and tear resistance of the material by impregnating the fiber poison to be treated in an aqueous bath of water Aminoplasts,
Mechanical removal of the excess impregnating liquid and transferring the aminoplasts in and on the fibers into the water-insoluble state at an elevated temperature, without completely drying off the water from the impregnating liquid and retained by the fibers until the resin condensation is complete, so that the condensation takes place in the presence of water, which is characterized by
that the heat required to convert the aminoplasts into the water-insoluble state is at least for the most part supplied by direct steam. Cross-wound bobbins or hanks are heated through to the innermost layers in a short time. When using saturated water vapor, there is no risk of local drying out. When working at higher temperatures, z.
B. at 110-120 under pressure, the fixation time can be reduced to a large extent, so that the whole process, including the warm-up time, can be completed in 1-2 hours or even significantly faster.
The mechanical removal of the excess impregnation liquid has the effect that the water formed from the steam when the wet fiber material is heated is absorbed by the former without the impregnation solution flowing. The excess impregnation solution can be removed, for example, by squeezing, spinning or suction.
For the present process, protection is only claimed as far as it does not see a treatment of textile fibers for the purpose of their finishing that is considered in the textile industry. <I> Example Z </I> Two skeins of cotton yarn 30/2 ply, bleached, intended for the manufacture of fishing nets.
are earthed in a solution containing 100 per liter of an unlimited water-soluble condensation product of 1 11IIo1 melamine and about 2 moles of formaldehyde, 5 g of a hydrochloric acid rlthanolamine catalyst and 1 g of a non-ionic wetting agent at room temperature., moved into it several times, by Hand squeezed gently and thrown off in a centrifuge to 175 / c, the original weight. One of the two strands was named No.
1 and, without drying, hung on a wooden stick in a small experimental pressure vessel. At the bottom of the boiler there was a water trap into which a steam inlet pipe opened. The strand was from splashing water through a sieve placed over the water layer. protected. After the pressure vessel had been closed, steam was let in until the temperature inside the vessel rose to 110. If the steam outlet was severely throttled through a condensate trap, this temperature was reduced during? Maintain hours.
After the steam treatment, the strand was rinsed and dried.
Strand no. 2, impregnated and spun together with strand no. 1, was dried after spinning at about 400 ('and then cured for 6 minutes at 1-10. It was then rinsed and dried.
To assess the resin fixation, the sections of both strands were used for nitrogen determination according to Kjeldahl.
Before determining the substance, further sections were treated with boiling water for 1/2 hour. With. 1 1 / aiger formic acid treated at 70 C to pull off the not completely fixed resin components. The following nitrogen values were determined:
EMI0002.0052
Nitrogen content <SEP> in
<tb> '/ x <SEP> hour
<tb> string <SEP> 'h <SEP> hour <SEP> in <SEP> 1 <SEP> / <SEP> iger
<tb> tel <SEP> quel <SEP> in <SEP> water <SEP> ants boiled <SEP> acid <SEP> 70 <SEP> C
<tb> No. <SEP> 1 <SEP> 5.1 <SEP> 5.1 <SEP> 4.3
<tb> 1 \ 7r.2 <SEP> 4.8 <SEP> 3.5 <SEP> 1.4 From these numbers it can be seen that with wet fixation by the action of steam (No. 1) a resin fixation is much more mature than with the usual dry hardening (No. 2).
After conditioning for 48 hours at 20 ° C and 64% relative humidity, the remaining part of both strands, along with untreated cotton yarn, were used to determine the strength. The measurements were taken on a yarn scrubbing apparatus in which the yarn was and moving around rubbed against itself. becomes.
The following abrasion coefficients were determined on the average of 10 measurements each: Untreated yarn 28 Strand No. 1 27 Strand No. 2 6
EMI0003.0005
The <SEP> treated <SEP> string <SEP> No. <SEP> 1 <SEP> is <SEP> permanent
<tb> sweep <SEP> the <SEP> attack <SEP> by <SEP> microorganisms
<tb> greselüitzt.
<tb> <I> Example <SEP> 2 </I>
<tb> <SEP> was <SEP> exactly <SEP> like <SEP> in the <SEP> example <SEP> 1 <SEP>, <SEP> with <SEP> the <SEP> difference, <SEP> that <SEP> instead.
<SEP> skein ware <SEP> cotton packages <SEP> used <SEP>, <SEP> which <SEP> after <SEP> the <SEP> impregnation <SEP> on <SEP> one
<tb> Laboratory equipment <SEP> for <SEP> dyeing <SEP> individual <SEP> packages <SEP> thrown on <SEP> <B> 175 (1 / e </B> <SEP>
<tb> and <SEP> 2 <SEP> hours <SEP> with <SEP> 110 <SEP> with <SEP> steam <SEP> wet fixed
<tb> resp. <SEP> 6 '<SEP> at <SEP> 1.10 <SEP> after <SEP> the <SEP> drying <SEP> hardened
<tb> were. <SEP> During <SEP> the <SEP> yarn <SEP> the <SEP> with <SEP> steam
<tb> wet-fixed <SEP> coil <SEP> fixed <SEP> and <SEP> elastic <SEP> remained,
<tb> <SEP> was the <SEP> of the <SEP> dry <SEP> hardened <SEP> broth
<tb> and <SEP> for <SEP> the <SEP> further <SEP> use <SEP> completely
<tb> become unusable <SEP>.
<SEP> The <SEP> according to the <SEP> treated <SEP> material <SEP> is <SEP> permanently <SEP> against
<tb> the <SEP> attack <SEP> protected by <SEP> microorganisms <SEP>. <I> Example 3 </I> 2 strands of cotton yarn intended for the production of fishing nets were treated with a solution containing 100 g per liter of a condensation product of limited water solubility of 1 mol of 3lelamin and 3 mol of formaldehyde, 1.2 g Gelatine, 15 cm3 ammonia 25 "/ gig and 10 g ammonium chloride,
carefully impregnated and thrown off to 175% of the original weight. There- ; after, just as in Example 1, strand no. 1 was wet set at 110 for 2 hours with steam, while strand no. 2 was dried and dry cured at 140 for 6 minutes.
The Kjeldahl determinations gave the following nitrogen values
EMI0003.0026
Nitrogen content <SEP> in
<tb> '/ a <SEP> hour
<tb> String <SEP> <B> 1 </B> / z <SEP> Hour <SEP> in <SEP> 1 <SEP>% <SEP> iger
<tb> tel <SEP> quel <SEP> in <SEP> water <SEP> ants boiled <SEP> acid <SEP> 70 <SEP> C
<tb> No. <SEP> 1 <SEP> 4.7 <SEP> 4.7 <SEP> 4.8
<tb> No.
<SEP> 2 <SEP> 4.7 <SEP> 4.4 <SEP> 3.0 The determination of the tensile strength in trek and in the wet state gave the following average values
EMI0003.0030
Dry measurement <SEP> wet measurement
<tb> yarn
<tb> strength <SEP> elongation <SEP> strength <SEP> elongation
<tb> Untreated <SEP> 645 <SEP> 11.8 <SEP> 716 <SEP> 7.8
<tb> No. <SEP> 1 <SEP> 681 <SEP> 15.0 <SEP> 725 <SEP> 20.0
<tb> No. <SEP> 2 <SEP> 344 <SEP> 3.2 <SEP> 384 <SEP> 4.8 String No. 1 is permanently protected against attack by microorganisms.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH745638X | 1951-07-10 | ||
CH334902T | 1955-02-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CH334902A true CH334902A (en) | 1958-12-15 |
Family
ID=25736715
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CH304005D CH304005A (en) | 1951-07-10 | 1951-07-10 | Process for protecting cellulose-containing fiber material with a per se low swelling value against attack by microorganisms. |
CH334902D CH334902A (en) | 1951-07-10 | 1955-02-23 | Process for protecting cellulose-containing fiber material with a inherently low swelling value against attack by microorganisms |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CH304005D CH304005A (en) | 1951-07-10 | 1951-07-10 | Process for protecting cellulose-containing fiber material with a per se low swelling value against attack by microorganisms. |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2763574A (en) |
CH (2) | CH304005A (en) |
FR (1) | FR1141745A (en) |
GB (2) | GB745638A (en) |
NL (3) | NL100371C (en) |
Families Citing this family (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL217041A (en) * | 1956-05-08 | |||
US2939802A (en) * | 1957-11-13 | 1960-06-07 | Uarco Inc | Pressure sensitive recording material and method of making same |
US3202541A (en) * | 1960-08-31 | 1965-08-24 | Du Pont | Process for impregnating fabrics with aqueous polymeric impregnating composition |
US3218119A (en) * | 1962-02-02 | 1965-11-16 | American Cyanamid Co | Method of applying cyclic urea resins to cellulosic textile materials |
US3119715A (en) * | 1962-04-06 | 1964-01-28 | Wilson A Reeves | Processes for treating cellulosic textiles with acid colloids of methylolmelamine |
US3138802A (en) * | 1962-05-25 | 1964-06-30 | Cotton Producers Inst Of The N | Process for imparting durable creases, wrinkle resistance and shape retention to cellulosic textile articles |
US3177093A (en) * | 1962-06-06 | 1965-04-06 | American Cyanamid Co | Method of treating cellulose textile material and the treated material |
US3317345A (en) * | 1963-06-25 | 1967-05-02 | American Cyanamid Co | Rot-resistant finish for textile materials |
US3374107A (en) * | 1963-08-14 | 1968-03-19 | West Point Pepperell Inc | Process for the treatment of textiles with aminoplasts |
US3311496A (en) * | 1964-02-18 | 1967-03-28 | American Cyanamid Co | Process for producing rot and wrinkle resistant cellulose containing textile and textile obtained therewith |
US3323939A (en) * | 1964-03-09 | 1967-06-06 | American Cyanamid Co | Process for imparting rot and wrinkle resistant finish to a cellulosic textile material and the resulting textile |
US3309165A (en) * | 1964-03-20 | 1967-03-14 | Morris R Rogers | Process of improving the tensile strength and increasing resistance to microbiological deterioration of cellulose textile containing cured aminoplast resin by steaming |
CH418289A (en) * | 1964-07-10 | 1967-02-15 | Ciba Geigy | Process for simultaneously making cellulose-containing textiles flame-proof and rot-proof |
US3437419A (en) * | 1965-01-18 | 1969-04-08 | Millmaster Onyx Corp | Cellulosics sanitized through reaction with triazone substituted with biologically active quaternary ammonium salt |
US3420699A (en) * | 1966-04-22 | 1969-01-07 | Us Agriculture | Process for imparting to a cellulosic textile resistance to rot and weathering |
US3420701A (en) * | 1966-04-29 | 1969-01-07 | Us Agriculture | Process for imparting rot-resistance to an organic textile material and the resulting material |
US3523033A (en) * | 1968-03-12 | 1970-08-04 | Us Agriculture | Pressure wet-fixation of resins in cellulosic fabrics by the action of heat and pressure |
GB1258674A (en) * | 1969-01-10 | 1971-12-30 | ||
JPS4932760B2 (en) * | 1972-03-23 | 1974-09-02 |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2119525A (en) * | 1933-12-12 | 1938-06-07 | Wallace T Conn | Preservative process for vegetable fibers |
CH191826A (en) * | 1936-06-27 | 1937-07-15 | Chem Ind Basel | Process for making durable finish fixatives. |
GB503859A (en) * | 1937-10-15 | 1939-04-17 | Henry Dreyfus | Improvements relating to the treatment of artificial textile materials |
GB596362A (en) * | 1944-01-29 | 1948-01-02 | Eric Berkeley Higgins | Improvements relating to the production of toxic compounds and their use in the treatment of textiles for protection against biological attack |
US2431562A (en) * | 1944-05-06 | 1947-11-25 | Ciba Products Corp | Process for improving the fastness of dyed material |
US2423429A (en) * | 1944-07-03 | 1947-07-01 | American Cyanamid Co | Pretreatment of noncellulosic textiles |
US2594384A (en) * | 1946-11-12 | 1952-04-29 | Monsanto Chemicals | Fungi and bacteria resistant papermakers' felts and process for preparing same |
US2545450A (en) * | 1948-02-18 | 1951-03-20 | Pacific Mills | Resin treatment of wool fabric |
US2561973A (en) * | 1949-04-30 | 1951-07-24 | Monsanto Chemicals | Formaldehyde-urea condensation |
US2641591A (en) * | 1949-05-12 | 1953-06-09 | Dan River Mills Inc | Method of manufacturing acetoneformaldehyde condensation products |
-
0
- NL NL204782D patent/NL204782A/xx unknown
- NL NLAANVRAGE7706397,A patent/NL170950B/en unknown
- NL NL100371D patent/NL100371C/xx active
-
1951
- 1951-07-10 CH CH304005D patent/CH304005A/en unknown
-
1952
- 1952-07-07 US US29756352 patent/US2763574A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1952-07-09 GB GB1736152A patent/GB745638A/en not_active Expired
-
1955
- 1955-02-23 CH CH334902D patent/CH334902A/en unknown
-
1956
- 1956-02-22 GB GB556556A patent/GB820946A/en not_active Expired
- 1956-02-22 FR FR1141745D patent/FR1141745A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL100371C (en) | 1900-01-01 |
FR1141745A (en) | 1957-09-06 |
NL204782A (en) | 1900-01-01 |
CH304005A (en) | 1954-12-31 |
GB820946A (en) | 1959-09-30 |
US2763574A (en) | 1956-09-18 |
NL170950B (en) | |
GB745638A (en) | 1956-02-29 |
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