CA2816172A1 - Method and installation for producing a component from sheet magnesium - Google Patents
Method and installation for producing a component from sheet magnesium Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2816172A1 CA2816172A1 CA2816172A CA2816172A CA2816172A1 CA 2816172 A1 CA2816172 A1 CA 2816172A1 CA 2816172 A CA2816172 A CA 2816172A CA 2816172 A CA2816172 A CA 2816172A CA 2816172 A1 CA2816172 A1 CA 2816172A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- finished product
- semi
- forming tool
- forming
- die
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
- B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
- B21D22/208—Deep-drawing by heating the blank or deep-drawing associated with heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D24/00—Special deep-drawing arrangements in, or in connection with, presses
- B21D24/04—Blank holders; Mounting means therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
- B21D35/002—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
- B21D35/005—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00 characterized by the material of the blank or the workpiece
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
- C21D9/0018—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces for charging, discharging or manipulation of charge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a process and an installation for producing a component (2') from sheet magnesium, comprising a forming tool (3), which has a punch (3.1) and a die (3.2), for forming a semifinished product (2) from sheet magnesium, in particular a semifinished product in the form of a sheet magnesium blank, and an apparatus (1) for heating the semifinished product (2) before forming to an elevated temperature, preferably to a temperature of at least 200°C. In order to reduce the component costs, the invention proposes that the forming tool (3) is formed without an internal heat source, is provided with a semifinished product holder (3.3) on which the heated semifinished product (2) can be positioned without direct contact with the punch (3.1) and the die (3.2) in the forming tool (3), and has a drive which brings about a closing speed of the punch and the die in the range of 15 mm/s to 500 mm/s.
Description
Method and installation for producing a component from sheet magnesium The invention relates to a method for producing a component from sheet magnesium by forming a semi-finished product made of sheet magnesium, in particular a semi-finished product in the form of a sheet magnesium blank, in which the semi-finished product is heated to an elevated temperature, preferably to a temperature of at least 200 C, prior to the forming and is formed in a forming tool comprising a punch and a die, a forming tool designed without an internal heat source being used for forming the heated semi-finished product, and the heated semi-finished product being placed in the forming tool without direct contact with the punch and the die. The invention further relates to an installation for producing a component from sheet magnesium.
Owing to the hexagonal lattice structure of magnesium, magnesium sheets can only be formed with difficulty at room temperature. In particular, components made of sheet magnesium which are to have a complex three-dimensional shape must be hot formed to avoid cracks. In general, magnesium blanks are formed in the heated state using tempered tools. In the prior art, various configurations of tempered tools for forming magnesium sheets are known. For example, Korean patent application 10 2006 00 57 901 A
discloses a press for hot forming sheet magnesium, which press is provided with an electric resistance heating device. In this case, the resistance heating device is integrated in an upper tool part (die) and in an associated sheet holder.
Owing to the hexagonal lattice structure of magnesium, magnesium sheets can only be formed with difficulty at room temperature. In particular, components made of sheet magnesium which are to have a complex three-dimensional shape must be hot formed to avoid cracks. In general, magnesium blanks are formed in the heated state using tempered tools. In the prior art, various configurations of tempered tools for forming magnesium sheets are known. For example, Korean patent application 10 2006 00 57 901 A
discloses a press for hot forming sheet magnesium, which press is provided with an electric resistance heating device. In this case, the resistance heating device is integrated in an upper tool part (die) and in an associated sheet holder.
In comparison with conventional tools used in cold forming, tempered forming tools involve a higher level of technical complexity and thus higher investment and higher operating costs. This has a negative impact on the costs of components made of magnesium.
In addition, WO 03/076096 Al discloses a device and a method for heating formable metals, in particular magnesium alloys. This device consists of a heating unit in which heat-conducting plates are arranged above and below a metal workpiece. As soon as the metal workpiece has been guided between the heating plates via transfer devices, the heating plates are pressed against the metal workpiece in order to heat it. After the heating the metal workpiece is transferred into a forming machine and formed therein.
The object of the present invention is to provide a method and an installation for producing a three-dimensional component from sheet magnesium which allow low component costs.
According to the invention, this object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and by an installation having the features of claim 8.
The method according to the invention is characterised in that the semi-finished product holder is designed as an active sheet holder and is positioned above the punch associated with the die, and in that the heated semi-finished product placed on the semi-finished product holder is then formed at a forming speed in the range of 15 mm/s to 500 mm/s.
In addition, WO 03/076096 Al discloses a device and a method for heating formable metals, in particular magnesium alloys. This device consists of a heating unit in which heat-conducting plates are arranged above and below a metal workpiece. As soon as the metal workpiece has been guided between the heating plates via transfer devices, the heating plates are pressed against the metal workpiece in order to heat it. After the heating the metal workpiece is transferred into a forming machine and formed therein.
The object of the present invention is to provide a method and an installation for producing a three-dimensional component from sheet magnesium which allow low component costs.
According to the invention, this object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and by an installation having the features of claim 8.
The method according to the invention is characterised in that the semi-finished product holder is designed as an active sheet holder and is positioned above the punch associated with the die, and in that the heated semi-finished product placed on the semi-finished product holder is then formed at a forming speed in the range of 15 mm/s to 500 mm/s.
The installation according to the invention is accordingly characterised in that the semi-finished product holder is designed as an active sheet holder which can be positioned above the punch and on which the heated semi-finished product can be placed in the forming tool without direct contact with the punch and the die, and in that the forming tool comprises a drive which brings about a closing speed of the punch and die in the range of 15 mm/s to 500 mm/s.
Owing to the present invention, the additional complexity caused by the tempering of the forming tool by means of an internal heat source does not apply. The invention provides for the processing of a heated magnesium semi-finished product in a forming tool without an internal heat source.
The tool and operating costs and thus ultimately the component costs are reduced considerably as a result. In particular when producing components in relatively small quantities, the profitability of the component can be increased substantially owing to the reduction of the tool costs.
Through tests, the inventors were able to show that a three-dimensionally shaped component can be produced without cracks from a magnesium blank, which for example is heated to 250 C, in an untempered forming tool when excessive temperature losses are avoided prior to the actual forming process by preventing the heated plate from being deposited directly on the punch or the die when the blank is placed (laid) in the forming tool, and the subsequent forming takes place at a relatively high forming speed (15-500 mm/s).
Owing to the present invention, the additional complexity caused by the tempering of the forming tool by means of an internal heat source does not apply. The invention provides for the processing of a heated magnesium semi-finished product in a forming tool without an internal heat source.
The tool and operating costs and thus ultimately the component costs are reduced considerably as a result. In particular when producing components in relatively small quantities, the profitability of the component can be increased substantially owing to the reduction of the tool costs.
Through tests, the inventors were able to show that a three-dimensionally shaped component can be produced without cracks from a magnesium blank, which for example is heated to 250 C, in an untempered forming tool when excessive temperature losses are avoided prior to the actual forming process by preventing the heated plate from being deposited directly on the punch or the die when the blank is placed (laid) in the forming tool, and the subsequent forming takes place at a relatively high forming speed (15-500 mm/s).
The average cooling speed for a 2.00 mm thick magnesium sheet which is heated to a temperature in the range of 200 C to 250 C is, for example in air at room temperature of 20 C, between 2 and 12 K/s. Owing to this relatively small temperature loss, it can be ensured in a suitable transfer system that the heated semi-finished product or the heated blank has, prior to the forming, a sufficiently high starting temperature to allow a error-free, in particular crack-free component with given degrees of deformation.
The use according to the invention of an untempered tool for forming heated magnesium blanks also has positive effects with regard to the dimensional accuracy and the handling of the components produced in this manner. This is because, owing to the considerably reduced temperature which the component has when it is removed from the untempered forming tool, the component has greater dimensional stability in comparison with a component produced in a tempered tool and is thus less susceptible to undesired deformations when it is removed from the forming tool and during subsequent handling, and this has a positive effect on the dimensional accuracy of the component. In addition, the components produced according to the invention are easier to handle owing to the considerably reduced temperature which they have when they are removed from the untempered forming tool. In this case, conventional transfer systems can be used which are not temperature-stable or have comparatively low temperature stability.
In this context, an advantageous configuration of the method according to the invention provides that, as a forming tool, a forming tool is used in which the punch and/or die comprise an active cooling apparatus. As a result, the removal temperature of the component can be lowered more rapidly, the dimensional accuracy of the component can be improved further and the handling of the component can be simplified further. This active cooling of the punch and/or the die is advantageous in particular when comparatively large quantities are to be formed in a predetermined time, that is to say when the desired forming capacity is to be relatively high. However, heating of the forming tool owing to the heated semi-finished product during production can also be tolerated when there are no negative effects on the dimensional accuracy of the finished component as a result.
According to the invention, the heated sheet magnesium semi-finished product is not deposited directly on the punch or the die; instead the heated semi-finished product is placed on a semi-finished product holder associated with the forming tool, and therefore the essential surface region of the heated semi-finished product is arranged in a self-supporting manner in the ambient atmosphere between the punch and the die and with spacing therefrom prior to the actual forming process. In this case the ambient atmosphere, preferably ambient air, acts as a heat insulator. This ensures that the heated semi-finished product undergoes only very slight cooling prior to the actual forming process. According to the invention the semi-finished product holder is in this case designed as an active sheet holder which is positioned above a punch associated with the die.
Another advantageous configuration of the method according to the invention is characterised in that, as a semi-finished product holder, a semi-finished product holder is used, the surface region of which touching the heated semi-finished product has a surface structure which is porous or comprises indentations. This reduces the heat or temperature loss of the heated semi-finished product caused by conduction of heat from the heated semi-finished product to the semi-finished product holder.
Additionally or alternatively, another advantageous configuration of the method according to the invention provides that, as a semi-finished product holder, a semi-finished product holder is used, the surface region of which touching the heated semi-finished product is made of a material, or is provided with a coating, which has a thermal conductivity of at most 20 W/mK at 30 C to 100 C
ambient temperature. This, too, reduces the heat or temperature loss caused by conduction of heat from the heated semi-finished product to the semi-finished product holder.
Another advantageous configuration of the method according to the invention is characterised in that, as a die, a die is used which has, in its forming face which faces the heated semi-finished product to be formed, indentations which bring about a reduction of the contact face which faces the heated semi-finished product. The indentations or the air contained therein has/have a heat-insulating effect, and therefore the heat or temperature loss of the heated semi-finished product can be reduced in this manner.
Another advantageous configuration of the method according to the invention provides that the semi-finished product is transported directly into the forming tool by means of a transfer device which is provided with a conductive heat source. As a result, the semi-finished product to be formed can be given a sufficiently high starting temperature prior to the forming and at the same time the temperature loss of the semi-finished product prior to the forming can be minimised.
Owing to the use of an untempered forming tool, cost-effective integrated component trimming during the forming of the semi-finished product which consists of sheet magnesium is also conceivable. Another advantageous configuration of the method according to the invention is accordingly characterised in that, during the forming, the semi-finished product is simultaneously trimmed by means of at least one cutting member integrated in the forming tool.
Other preferred and advantageous configurations of the installation according to the invention are given in the dependent claims.
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to drawings showing a plurality of embodiments, in which:
Fig. 1 shows schematically an installation or a process line for producing three-dimensionally shaped components from magnesium semi-finished products;
Fig. 2 shows schematically another embodiment of a process line for producing three-dimensionally shaped components from magnesium semi-finished products;
and Fig. 3 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a forming tool according to the invention.
The installation shown in Fig. 1 basically comprises a device 1 for heating a semi-finished product 2 made of sheet magnesium and a forming tool 3, without an internal heat source, for forming the heated semi-finished product 2. The semi-finished product 2 to be formed may for example be in the form of a sheet magnesium blank.
In this case, the device 1 for heating the semi-finished product 2 is designed as a continuous furnace, preferably as a roller hearth furnace. The continuous furnace or roller hearth furnace 1 is provided with inductors, radiant heaters, hot-air burners and/or recuperator burners. It is also conceivable to use infra-red radiators to heat the semi-finished product 2 to be formed.
In the embodiment shown, sheet magnesium blanks 2 to be formed are removed from a conveyor belt or a supply stack 4 and heated in the continuous furnace 1 to an elevated temperature which is selected such that the workpiece temperature is substantially still above 180 C to 220 C
at the end of the forming. For this purpose, the sheet magnesium blank or the semi-finished product 2 is heated for example to a temperature in the range of 230 C and 260 oc.
The heated semi-finished product 2 is then grasped by means of a transfer device 5, preferably a robot, in the region of the outlet of the continuous furnace and laid in the forming tool 3 without direct contact with the punch 3.1 and the die 3.2. For this purpose the forming tool 3 is provided with a semi-finished product holder (sheet holder) 3.3 which, when the forming tool 3 is open, is positioned above the punch head, such that the semi-finished product 2 deposited thereon touches neither the punch 3.1 nor the die 3.2. In Fig. 1 it can be seen that the blank 2 placed in the forming tool is initially deposited on the semi-finished product holder 3.3 and is arranged with spacing from both the punch 3.1 and the die 3.2. This prevents excessively rapid cooling of the heated sheet magnesium blank 2.
The tool 3 is then closed in order to form the heated semi-finished product into a shape which is predetermined by the punch 3.1 and the die 3.2. The forming takes place at a relatively high forming speed, such that the temperature loss of the heated workpiece (semi-finished product) 2 during the forming is also kept low. In order to achieve a correspondingly high forming speed, the forming tool 3 comprises a drive (not shown) which brings about a closing speed of the punch 3.1 and die 3.2 in the range of 15 mm/s to 500 mm/s.
After the forming tool 3 is opened, the component 2' produced in this manner is removed from the forming tool 3 by means of a suitable transfer device 6, preferably a robot, and optionally deposited or stacked on a transport means, for example a transport plate or the like.
Should the temperature loss be too high for the component geometry or the degree of deformation owing to the use of conventional tool steels, the tool 3 can, at least in sub-regions, consist of materials having relatively low thermal conductivity and/or have a coating which has low thermal conductivity. Besides ceramic materials, special tool steels can also meet these requirements. For example, the punch 3.1 and/or the die 3.2 of the forming tool 3 can, at least in sub-regions, be made of a material which has a thermal conductivity of at most 20 W/mK at 30 C to 100 C
ambient temperature. Alternatively, the thermal conductivity can also be reduced by means of a suitable coating.
Another preferred configuration of the installation according to the invention involves the surface region 3.31 of the semi-finished product holder 3.3, which surface region touches the heated semi-finished product 2, having a surface structure which is porous or comprises indentations 3.32. This further reduces the temperature loss of the heated semi-finished product 2. Additionally or alternatively, it is provided that the surface region 3.31 of the semi-finished product holder 3.3, which surface region touches the heated semi-finished product 2, is made of a material which has a relatively low thermal conductivity, or is coated with such a material. The thermal conductivity of the material used for the semi-finished product holder 3.3 or of a coating used for the semi-finished product holder 3.3 is preferably at most 20 W/mk at 30 C to 100 C ambient temperature.
Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of an installation according to the invention for producing a three-dimensionally shaped component 2' from sheet magnesium.
This installation differs from the installation according to Fig. 1 in that a sheet magnesium blank 2 to be formed is heated not in a continuous furnace but in or by means of a robot-like transfer device 5'. For this purpose, the transfer device 5' is provided with a heating apparatus or conductive heat source 5.1 such that the magnesium sheet 2 is heated while it is being transported from a supply stack 4 or a conveyor belt into the forming tool 3. In this case, the conductive heat source or heating apparatus 5.1 is integrated into gripping or holding members of the transfer device 5', by means of which members the magnesium sheet (semi-finished product) 2 is gripped and transported to the forming tool 3 and deposited therein.
The forming tool 3 in the installation shown in Fig. 2 is designed as per the forming tool 3 in the installation according to Fig. 1, and therefore reference is made in this respect to the above description of Fig. 1 in order to avoid repetition.
The installations shown schematically in Fig. 1 and 2 are process lines which operate substantially continuously. It is not shown that it is also possible to work off a coil, that is to say that the material is wound off a coil and, depending on the existing process line, either rectangular blanks are cut to length, for example when trimming takes place during or after the forming, or shaped blanks, the contour ends of which substantially correspond to specified sizes of the finished component.
Fig. 3 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a forming tool 3 according to the invention which can be used for example in the installation according to Fig. 1 or 2. The forming tool, which is shown open, again comprises a punch 3.1 and a die 3.2 for forming a sheet magnesium blank 2.
The forming tool 3 does not contain an internal heat source. It is provided with a semi-finished product holder (blank holder) 3.3 on which the heated blank 2 can be placed without direct contact with the punch 3.1 and the die 3.2. The surface region 3.31 of the semi-finished product holder 3.3, which surface region serves as a depositing surface for the heated blank 2, is initially located above the punch 3.1 when the forming tool 3 is in the open, loading state. The surface region 3.31 of the semi-finished product holder 3.3 has a surface structure provided with groove-shaped recesses or indentations 3.32.
In addition, recesses or indentations 3.21 are also formed in the surface of the cavity of the die 3.2, which cavity receives the punch head. The recesses or indentations 3.32 and 3.21 define air gaps or air ducts which have a heat-insulating effect and thus prevent rapid heat or temperature loss of the heated blank 2. By contrast, the surface, facing the blank 2, of the punch 3.1 which is moved into the cavity of the die 3.2 in order to form the blank 2, does not comprise any indentations forming air ducts, since in this case this punch surface is the actual shaping surface of the forming tool 3.
In order to keep the temperature of the component 2' to be removed from the forming tool 3 low in the case of relatively large quantities of components 2' to be produced from sheet magnesium, the punch 3.1 and/or the die 3.2 can also be provided with an active cooling system (not shown).
A cooling system of this type can be integrated in the punch 3.1 and/or the die 3.2 for example by means of a crown construction and/or by means of cooling ducts.
The use according to the invention of an untempered tool for forming heated magnesium blanks also has positive effects with regard to the dimensional accuracy and the handling of the components produced in this manner. This is because, owing to the considerably reduced temperature which the component has when it is removed from the untempered forming tool, the component has greater dimensional stability in comparison with a component produced in a tempered tool and is thus less susceptible to undesired deformations when it is removed from the forming tool and during subsequent handling, and this has a positive effect on the dimensional accuracy of the component. In addition, the components produced according to the invention are easier to handle owing to the considerably reduced temperature which they have when they are removed from the untempered forming tool. In this case, conventional transfer systems can be used which are not temperature-stable or have comparatively low temperature stability.
In this context, an advantageous configuration of the method according to the invention provides that, as a forming tool, a forming tool is used in which the punch and/or die comprise an active cooling apparatus. As a result, the removal temperature of the component can be lowered more rapidly, the dimensional accuracy of the component can be improved further and the handling of the component can be simplified further. This active cooling of the punch and/or the die is advantageous in particular when comparatively large quantities are to be formed in a predetermined time, that is to say when the desired forming capacity is to be relatively high. However, heating of the forming tool owing to the heated semi-finished product during production can also be tolerated when there are no negative effects on the dimensional accuracy of the finished component as a result.
According to the invention, the heated sheet magnesium semi-finished product is not deposited directly on the punch or the die; instead the heated semi-finished product is placed on a semi-finished product holder associated with the forming tool, and therefore the essential surface region of the heated semi-finished product is arranged in a self-supporting manner in the ambient atmosphere between the punch and the die and with spacing therefrom prior to the actual forming process. In this case the ambient atmosphere, preferably ambient air, acts as a heat insulator. This ensures that the heated semi-finished product undergoes only very slight cooling prior to the actual forming process. According to the invention the semi-finished product holder is in this case designed as an active sheet holder which is positioned above a punch associated with the die.
Another advantageous configuration of the method according to the invention is characterised in that, as a semi-finished product holder, a semi-finished product holder is used, the surface region of which touching the heated semi-finished product has a surface structure which is porous or comprises indentations. This reduces the heat or temperature loss of the heated semi-finished product caused by conduction of heat from the heated semi-finished product to the semi-finished product holder.
Additionally or alternatively, another advantageous configuration of the method according to the invention provides that, as a semi-finished product holder, a semi-finished product holder is used, the surface region of which touching the heated semi-finished product is made of a material, or is provided with a coating, which has a thermal conductivity of at most 20 W/mK at 30 C to 100 C
ambient temperature. This, too, reduces the heat or temperature loss caused by conduction of heat from the heated semi-finished product to the semi-finished product holder.
Another advantageous configuration of the method according to the invention is characterised in that, as a die, a die is used which has, in its forming face which faces the heated semi-finished product to be formed, indentations which bring about a reduction of the contact face which faces the heated semi-finished product. The indentations or the air contained therein has/have a heat-insulating effect, and therefore the heat or temperature loss of the heated semi-finished product can be reduced in this manner.
Another advantageous configuration of the method according to the invention provides that the semi-finished product is transported directly into the forming tool by means of a transfer device which is provided with a conductive heat source. As a result, the semi-finished product to be formed can be given a sufficiently high starting temperature prior to the forming and at the same time the temperature loss of the semi-finished product prior to the forming can be minimised.
Owing to the use of an untempered forming tool, cost-effective integrated component trimming during the forming of the semi-finished product which consists of sheet magnesium is also conceivable. Another advantageous configuration of the method according to the invention is accordingly characterised in that, during the forming, the semi-finished product is simultaneously trimmed by means of at least one cutting member integrated in the forming tool.
Other preferred and advantageous configurations of the installation according to the invention are given in the dependent claims.
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to drawings showing a plurality of embodiments, in which:
Fig. 1 shows schematically an installation or a process line for producing three-dimensionally shaped components from magnesium semi-finished products;
Fig. 2 shows schematically another embodiment of a process line for producing three-dimensionally shaped components from magnesium semi-finished products;
and Fig. 3 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a forming tool according to the invention.
The installation shown in Fig. 1 basically comprises a device 1 for heating a semi-finished product 2 made of sheet magnesium and a forming tool 3, without an internal heat source, for forming the heated semi-finished product 2. The semi-finished product 2 to be formed may for example be in the form of a sheet magnesium blank.
In this case, the device 1 for heating the semi-finished product 2 is designed as a continuous furnace, preferably as a roller hearth furnace. The continuous furnace or roller hearth furnace 1 is provided with inductors, radiant heaters, hot-air burners and/or recuperator burners. It is also conceivable to use infra-red radiators to heat the semi-finished product 2 to be formed.
In the embodiment shown, sheet magnesium blanks 2 to be formed are removed from a conveyor belt or a supply stack 4 and heated in the continuous furnace 1 to an elevated temperature which is selected such that the workpiece temperature is substantially still above 180 C to 220 C
at the end of the forming. For this purpose, the sheet magnesium blank or the semi-finished product 2 is heated for example to a temperature in the range of 230 C and 260 oc.
The heated semi-finished product 2 is then grasped by means of a transfer device 5, preferably a robot, in the region of the outlet of the continuous furnace and laid in the forming tool 3 without direct contact with the punch 3.1 and the die 3.2. For this purpose the forming tool 3 is provided with a semi-finished product holder (sheet holder) 3.3 which, when the forming tool 3 is open, is positioned above the punch head, such that the semi-finished product 2 deposited thereon touches neither the punch 3.1 nor the die 3.2. In Fig. 1 it can be seen that the blank 2 placed in the forming tool is initially deposited on the semi-finished product holder 3.3 and is arranged with spacing from both the punch 3.1 and the die 3.2. This prevents excessively rapid cooling of the heated sheet magnesium blank 2.
The tool 3 is then closed in order to form the heated semi-finished product into a shape which is predetermined by the punch 3.1 and the die 3.2. The forming takes place at a relatively high forming speed, such that the temperature loss of the heated workpiece (semi-finished product) 2 during the forming is also kept low. In order to achieve a correspondingly high forming speed, the forming tool 3 comprises a drive (not shown) which brings about a closing speed of the punch 3.1 and die 3.2 in the range of 15 mm/s to 500 mm/s.
After the forming tool 3 is opened, the component 2' produced in this manner is removed from the forming tool 3 by means of a suitable transfer device 6, preferably a robot, and optionally deposited or stacked on a transport means, for example a transport plate or the like.
Should the temperature loss be too high for the component geometry or the degree of deformation owing to the use of conventional tool steels, the tool 3 can, at least in sub-regions, consist of materials having relatively low thermal conductivity and/or have a coating which has low thermal conductivity. Besides ceramic materials, special tool steels can also meet these requirements. For example, the punch 3.1 and/or the die 3.2 of the forming tool 3 can, at least in sub-regions, be made of a material which has a thermal conductivity of at most 20 W/mK at 30 C to 100 C
ambient temperature. Alternatively, the thermal conductivity can also be reduced by means of a suitable coating.
Another preferred configuration of the installation according to the invention involves the surface region 3.31 of the semi-finished product holder 3.3, which surface region touches the heated semi-finished product 2, having a surface structure which is porous or comprises indentations 3.32. This further reduces the temperature loss of the heated semi-finished product 2. Additionally or alternatively, it is provided that the surface region 3.31 of the semi-finished product holder 3.3, which surface region touches the heated semi-finished product 2, is made of a material which has a relatively low thermal conductivity, or is coated with such a material. The thermal conductivity of the material used for the semi-finished product holder 3.3 or of a coating used for the semi-finished product holder 3.3 is preferably at most 20 W/mk at 30 C to 100 C ambient temperature.
Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of an installation according to the invention for producing a three-dimensionally shaped component 2' from sheet magnesium.
This installation differs from the installation according to Fig. 1 in that a sheet magnesium blank 2 to be formed is heated not in a continuous furnace but in or by means of a robot-like transfer device 5'. For this purpose, the transfer device 5' is provided with a heating apparatus or conductive heat source 5.1 such that the magnesium sheet 2 is heated while it is being transported from a supply stack 4 or a conveyor belt into the forming tool 3. In this case, the conductive heat source or heating apparatus 5.1 is integrated into gripping or holding members of the transfer device 5', by means of which members the magnesium sheet (semi-finished product) 2 is gripped and transported to the forming tool 3 and deposited therein.
The forming tool 3 in the installation shown in Fig. 2 is designed as per the forming tool 3 in the installation according to Fig. 1, and therefore reference is made in this respect to the above description of Fig. 1 in order to avoid repetition.
The installations shown schematically in Fig. 1 and 2 are process lines which operate substantially continuously. It is not shown that it is also possible to work off a coil, that is to say that the material is wound off a coil and, depending on the existing process line, either rectangular blanks are cut to length, for example when trimming takes place during or after the forming, or shaped blanks, the contour ends of which substantially correspond to specified sizes of the finished component.
Fig. 3 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a forming tool 3 according to the invention which can be used for example in the installation according to Fig. 1 or 2. The forming tool, which is shown open, again comprises a punch 3.1 and a die 3.2 for forming a sheet magnesium blank 2.
The forming tool 3 does not contain an internal heat source. It is provided with a semi-finished product holder (blank holder) 3.3 on which the heated blank 2 can be placed without direct contact with the punch 3.1 and the die 3.2. The surface region 3.31 of the semi-finished product holder 3.3, which surface region serves as a depositing surface for the heated blank 2, is initially located above the punch 3.1 when the forming tool 3 is in the open, loading state. The surface region 3.31 of the semi-finished product holder 3.3 has a surface structure provided with groove-shaped recesses or indentations 3.32.
In addition, recesses or indentations 3.21 are also formed in the surface of the cavity of the die 3.2, which cavity receives the punch head. The recesses or indentations 3.32 and 3.21 define air gaps or air ducts which have a heat-insulating effect and thus prevent rapid heat or temperature loss of the heated blank 2. By contrast, the surface, facing the blank 2, of the punch 3.1 which is moved into the cavity of the die 3.2 in order to form the blank 2, does not comprise any indentations forming air ducts, since in this case this punch surface is the actual shaping surface of the forming tool 3.
In order to keep the temperature of the component 2' to be removed from the forming tool 3 low in the case of relatively large quantities of components 2' to be produced from sheet magnesium, the punch 3.1 and/or the die 3.2 can also be provided with an active cooling system (not shown).
A cooling system of this type can be integrated in the punch 3.1 and/or the die 3.2 for example by means of a crown construction and/or by means of cooling ducts.
Claims (15)
1. Method for producing a component (2') from sheet magnesium by forming a semi-finished product (2) made of sheet magnesium, in particular a semi-finished product in the form of a sheet magnesium blank, in which the semi-finished product (2) is heated to an elevated temperature, preferably to a temperature of at least 200 °C, prior to the forming and is formed in a forming tool (3) comprising a punch (3.1) and a die (3.2), a forming tool (3) designed without an internal heat source being used for forming the heated semi-finished product (2), and the heated semi-finished product (2) being placed on a semi-finished product holder (3.3) associated with the forming tool (3) without direct contact with the punch (3.1) and the die (3.2), characterised in that the semi-finished product holder (3.3) is designed as an active sheet holder and is positioned above the punch (3.1) associated with the die (3.2), and in that the heated semi-finished product (2) placed on the semi-finished product holder (3.3) is then formed at a forming speed in the range of 15 mm/s to 500 mm/s.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that, as a semi-finished product holder, a semi-finished product holder (3.3) is used, the surface region (3.31) of which touching the heated semi-finished product has a surface structure which is porous or comprises indentations (3.32).
3. Method according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that, as a semi-finished product holder, a semi-finished product holder (3.3) is used, the surface region (3.31) of which touching the heated semi-finished product (2) is made of a material, or is provided with a coating, which has a thermal conductivity of at most 20 W/mK at 30 °C to 100 °C ambient temperature.
4. Method according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that, as a die, a die (3.2) is used which has, in its forming face which faces the heated semi-finished product (2) to be formed, indentations (3.21) which bring about a reduction of the contact face which faces the heated semi-finished product (2).
5. Method according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that, as a forming tool, a forming tool (3) is used in which the punch (3.1) and/or die (3.2) comprise an active cooling apparatus.
6. Method according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the semi-finished product (2) is transported directly into the forming tool (3) by means of a transfer device (5') which is provided with a conductive heat source (5.1).
7. Method according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that, during the forming, the semi-finished product (2) is simultaneously trimmed by means of at least one cutting member integrated in the forming tool (3).
8. Installation for producing a component (2') from sheet magnesium, comprising a forming tool (3), which comprises a punch (3.1) and a die (3.2), for forming a semi-finished product (2) made of sheet magnesium, in particular a semi-finished product in the form of a sheet magnesium blank, the forming tool (3) being designed without an internal heat source, and comprising a device (1, 5.1) for heating the semi-finished product (2) to an elevated temperature, preferably to a temperature of at least 200 °C, prior to the forming, the forming tool (3) being provided with a semi-finished product holder (3.3), characterised in that the semi-finished product holder (3.3) is designed as an active sheet holder which can be positioned above the punch (3.1) and on which the heated semi-finished product (2) can be placed in the forming tool (3) without direct contact with the punch (3.1) and the die (3.2), and in that the forming tool (3) comprises a drive which brings about a closing speed of the punch and the die in the range of 15 mm/s to 500 mm/s.
9. Installation according to claim 8, characterised in that the surface region (3.31) of the semi-finished product holder (3.3), which surface region touches the heated semi-finished product (2), has a surface structure which is porous or comprises indentations (3.32).
10. Installation according to either claim 8 or claim 9, characterised in that the surface region (3.31) of the semi-finished product holder (3.3), which surface region touches the heated semi-finished product (2), is made of a material, or is provided with a coating, which has a thermal conductivity of at most 20 W/mK at 30 °C to 100 °C
ambient temperature.
ambient temperature.
11. Installation according to any of claims 8 to 10, characterised in that the punch (3.1) and/or the die (3.2) of the forming tool (3), at least in sub-regions, is/are made of a material, or provided with a coating, which has a thermal conductivity of at most 20 W/mK at 30 °C to 100 °C
ambient temperature.
ambient temperature.
12. Installation according to any of claims 8 to 11, characterised in that the punch (3.1) and/or the die (3.2) of the forming tool (3) comprise an active cooling apparatus.
13. Installation according to any of claims 8 to 12, characterised in that a transfer device (5') provided with a conductive heat source (5.1) is associated with the forming tool (3), by means of which transfer device the semi-finished product (2) to be formed can be placed directly on the semi-finished product holder (3.3).
14. Installation according to any of claims 8 to 13, characterised in that indentations (3.21) which bring about a reduction of the contact face which faces the heated semi-finished product (2) are formed in the die (3.2).
15. Installation according to any of claims 8 to 14, characterised in that the forming tool (3) is provided with at least one cutting member.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010060207A DE102010060207A1 (en) | 2010-10-27 | 2010-10-27 | Method and plant for producing a magnesium sheet component |
| DE102010060207.8 | 2010-10-27 | ||
| PCT/EP2011/067526 WO2012055688A1 (en) | 2010-10-27 | 2011-10-07 | Process and installation for producing a component from sheet magnesium |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2816172A1 true CA2816172A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
Family
ID=44759700
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2816172A Abandoned CA2816172A1 (en) | 2010-10-27 | 2011-10-07 | Method and installation for producing a component from sheet magnesium |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20130283882A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2632617B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2013540594A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101870932B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2816172A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102010060207A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2012055688A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2630978B1 (en) | 2012-02-22 | 2018-10-31 | Biotronik AG | Implant and method for production thereof |
| DE102012218159B4 (en) | 2012-10-04 | 2018-02-08 | Ebner Industrieofenbau Gmbh | handling device |
| KR101427918B1 (en) * | 2012-10-05 | 2014-08-08 | 현대자동차 주식회사 | Hot stamping forming device and method therefor |
| JP5808724B2 (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2015-11-10 | アイシン高丘株式会社 | Die quench apparatus and die quench method for aluminum alloy material |
| PL2886216T3 (en) | 2013-12-17 | 2016-11-30 | Production method for metal sheets made of magnesium and high-strength aluminium | |
| DE102013021478B3 (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2015-05-28 | Aweba Werkzeugbau Gmbh Aue | Manufacturing process for sheet metal parts made of magnesium and high-strength aluminum |
| DE102014102127A1 (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2015-08-20 | Mgf Magnesium Flachprodukte Gmbh | Process for the preparation of a magnesium-containing component |
| JP2018089649A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2018-06-14 | 株式会社ワイテック | Press working apparatus |
| WO2019015928A1 (en) | 2017-07-21 | 2019-01-24 | Adval Tech Holding Ag | Method and device for shaping magnesium metal sheet and components produced therewith |
| KR102185912B1 (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2020-12-03 | (주)광진기계 | Fabrication method of magnesium part for vehicle |
| CN113423518B (en) * | 2019-02-13 | 2024-08-27 | 麦格纳国际公司 | Method and system for forming custom tempering features using air gaps in a hot stamping tool |
| CN112222271B (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2023-03-24 | 中国航发贵州黎阳航空动力有限公司 | Hot stretch forming method of shunt shell |
| KR102297154B1 (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-09-02 | 성화산업 주식회사 | Automatic hot forming device for pipe clamp |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB666330A (en) * | 1948-12-21 | 1952-02-13 | Redwing Ltd | Apparatus for pressing, bending, spinning or other metal forming operation and its application to the forming of light alloy |
| DE10128199B4 (en) * | 2001-06-11 | 2007-07-12 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Device for forming metal sheets |
| SG106066A1 (en) * | 2002-03-14 | 2004-09-30 | Singapore Inst Of Mfg Technolo | A heating apparatus for formable metals |
| DE102004026762A1 (en) * | 2004-06-02 | 2006-02-09 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Press tool for metal sheets has a heated section with integral electric heating and with ceramic thermal insulating layers to prevent heat loss to the tool body and support |
| DE102004035043A1 (en) * | 2004-07-20 | 2006-04-13 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Shaping of light metal sheet by a shaping tool useful for shaping metal sheets in vehicle production specific heat with treatment prior to shaping at temperatrure below light metal melting point |
| KR20060057901A (en) | 2004-11-24 | 2006-05-29 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Punch press system |
| EP1973679A2 (en) * | 2006-01-18 | 2008-10-01 | Mehmet Terziakin | Method for delaying of cooling and hardening of desired zones of a sheet during a hot metal stamping process |
| JP2007268608A (en) * | 2006-03-08 | 2007-10-18 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Press-forming method of aluminum alloy sheet and press device |
| FR2902356B1 (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2008-09-26 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | BOTTOMING WITH A FLAN OF LIGHT ALLOY. |
| DE102006037637A1 (en) * | 2006-08-10 | 2008-02-14 | Müller Weingarten AG | Procedures for heating of metal sheets for hot deformation, comprises inserting work pieces by means of a transport device into a forming tool and heating the work pieces during the transportation procedure by a heating device |
| US8567226B2 (en) * | 2008-10-06 | 2013-10-29 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Die for use in sheet metal forming processes |
| JP2010167480A (en) * | 2009-01-26 | 2010-08-05 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Press-forming die and press-forming method |
| US8459084B2 (en) * | 2009-02-05 | 2013-06-11 | Usamp | Elevated temperature forming method and preheater apparatus |
-
2010
- 2010-10-27 DE DE102010060207A patent/DE102010060207A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2011
- 2011-10-07 JP JP2013535346A patent/JP2013540594A/en active Pending
- 2011-10-07 KR KR1020137013415A patent/KR101870932B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2011-10-07 WO PCT/EP2011/067526 patent/WO2012055688A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-10-07 US US13/881,879 patent/US20130283882A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-10-07 EP EP11764766.9A patent/EP2632617B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-10-07 CA CA2816172A patent/CA2816172A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20140027909A (en) | 2014-03-07 |
| EP2632617A1 (en) | 2013-09-04 |
| WO2012055688A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
| DE102010060207A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
| KR101870932B1 (en) | 2018-06-25 |
| EP2632617B1 (en) | 2014-08-13 |
| JP2013540594A (en) | 2013-11-07 |
| US20130283882A1 (en) | 2013-10-31 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US20130283882A1 (en) | Process and Installation for Producing a Component from Sheet Magnesium | |
| US9492859B2 (en) | Press systems and methods | |
| US8459084B2 (en) | Elevated temperature forming method and preheater apparatus | |
| JP5730308B2 (en) | Steel plate forming method by hot pressing | |
| TWI551554B (en) | The forming device and forming method of glass frame body | |
| WO2010150683A1 (en) | Hot press-forming method for steel sheets, hot press-forming device for steel sheets, and steel formed member | |
| CN1651345A (en) | Process and apparatus for the forming of glass plates and application of said process to obtaining glazings with complex shapes | |
| JPH03131539A (en) | Press mold for bending molding, bending molding of plate glass and device therefor | |
| CN108728779B (en) | A kind of the flexible forming system and manufacturing process of amorphous alloy plate | |
| TW201917103A (en) | Non-contact process system and method for 3D curved glass plates using a thermal radiation cutting device to cut glass plates | |
| KR20180042954A (en) | Continuous casting-forging manufacturing equipment | |
| JPH06328155A (en) | Press forming method for magnesium sheet | |
| CN106435602B (en) | A kind of push-plate pressure quenching device | |
| US9840748B2 (en) | Process and furnace for treating workpieces | |
| CN108249742A (en) | Building mortion | |
| US10537928B2 (en) | Molding tool for producing hot-formed components | |
| EP2987568B1 (en) | Hot press forming device for coated steel and hot press forming method using same | |
| CN107814475A (en) | A kind of glass three-dimensional shaping hot-pressing system and its process | |
| CN115485247A (en) | Multifunctional glass forming and processing system with 3-D vacuum forming capability | |
| CN205768029U (en) | The laminating machine of machining accuracy can be improved | |
| EP1569874B1 (en) | Machine and process for shaping, annealing and quenching glass sheets, or similar materials | |
| WO2019084910A1 (en) | Hot bending machine | |
| EP2912392B1 (en) | Arrangement and method for heating and working sheet material | |
| Geng et al. | Simulation on direct contact heating of aluminum alloys | |
| TW201313627A (en) | Molding device and molding method for glass casings |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request |
Effective date: 20160602 |
|
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20181010 |