JP2013540594A - Method and apparatus for manufacturing parts from magnesium plates - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and an apparatus capable of manufacturing a three-dimensional part at low cost from a magnesium plate.
The invention relates to a punch (3.1) and a die (3.2) for forming a semi-finished product made of magnesium plate, more particularly a semi-finished product (2) in the form of a magnesium plate blank. It relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a part (2 ′) from a magnesium plate, comprising a forming tool (3) and an apparatus (1) for heating the semi-finished product to a high temperature of preferably at least 200 ° C. before forming. In order to reduce the cost of parts, the device according to the invention has a design in which the forming tool is not equipped with an internal heating source, the forming tool is provided with a semi-finished product holder (3.3), and the heated semi-finished product is Is placed on the semi-finished holder without direct contact with the punch (3.1) and die (3.2) and provides a punch and die closing speed in the range of 15 mm / sec to 500 mm / sec It has a drive device.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a part from a magnesium plate by molding a semi-finished product made of a magnesium plate (sheet), more specifically, a semi-finished product in the form of a magnesium plate blank. Relates to a production process which is heated to a high temperature, preferably at least 200 ° C. and molded in a molding tool consisting of a punch and a die. The invention also relates to an apparatus for manufacturing a part from a magnesium plate.

  Due to the hexagonal lattice structure of magnesium, it is very difficult to mold a magnesium plate at room temperature. More specifically, parts having a complex three-dimensional shape made of magnesium plate must be hot formed to prevent cracking. In general, a magnesium blank is formed at a high temperature using a tempered tool. In the prior art, various forms of tempered tools for forming magnesium plates are known. For example, Patent Document 1 below discloses a press for hot forming a magnesium plate, and this press is provided with an electric resistance heating device. In this case, the resistance heating device is integrated in the upper tool part (die) and the associated plate holder.

  Compared to conventional tools used for cold forming, tempered forming tools have a high level of technical complexity and therefore require higher capital investment and operating costs. This has a negative effect on the cost of parts made of magnesium.

Korean Patent Application No. 10 2006 00 57 901A

  It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus that enables the production of three-dimensional parts at low cost from a magnesium plate.

  According to the invention, the object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and an apparatus having the features of claim 9.

  The production method according to the invention uses a molding tool designed without an internal heating source to mold a semi-finished product heated to a high temperature, preferably at least 200 ° C. It is characterized in that it is placed in a forming tool without direct contact with and then formed at a forming speed in the range of 15 mm / second to 500 mm / second.

  Thus, the production device according to the invention is designed so that the forming tool of the device is not equipped with an internal heating source and is provided with a semi-finished product holder, the semi-finished product heated to a high temperature, preferably at least 200 ° C. It is characterized in that it further comprises a drive device that is placed in the forming tool without direct contact with the punch and die and provides a punch and die closing speed in the range of 15 mm / sec to 500 mm / sec.

  According to the present invention, there is no additional complication caused by tempering the forming tool by the internal heating source. The present invention processes a magnesium semi-finished product heated in a forming tool that does not have an internal heating source. As a result of this, tool costs and operating costs, and thus component costs, are significantly reduced. In particular, when the number of manufactured parts is relatively small, the tool cost is reduced and the profitability of the parts is substantially increased.

  Tests have shown that the present invention can produce a three-dimensional shaped part from a magnesium blank without cracks. Magnesium blanks should be fired if excessive heat loss is avoided prior to the actual forming process by preventing the blanks from being placed directly on the punch or die when placed in the forming tool. In a molding tool that is not returned, it is heated to, for example, 250 ° C., and the next molding is performed at a relatively high molding speed (15 to 500 mm / sec).

  The average cooling rate in the case of a 2.00 mm thick magnesium plate heated to a temperature in the range of 200 ° C. to 250 ° C. is, for example, 2-12 K / sec in air at room temperature of 20 ° C. This relatively small heat loss allows a semi-finished product or heated blank heated in a suitable transport system to produce a wrinkle-free, more particularly crack-free part at a given degree of deformation prior to molding. It is ensured that a sufficiently high starting temperature is possible.

  The use of a non-tempered tool for forming a heated magnesium blank according to the present invention can also have a positive effect on dimensional accuracy and handling of parts made in this way. This is because the part has a higher dimensional stability compared to the part made in the tempered tool because the part has a much lower temperature when it is removed from the tempered tool. And therefore less subject to undesirable deformation when removed from the forming tool and during subsequent handling, which has a positive effect on the dimensional stability of the part. Also, parts made in accordance with the present invention are easy to handle because they are considerably cooler when removed from non-tempered tools. In this case, it is possible to use a conventional transport system that is not temperature stable or relatively low.

  An advantageous form of the method according to the invention is to use as the forming tool a forming tool whose punch and / or die have an active cooling device. As a result, the temperature for taking out the component can be lowered more quickly, the dimensional accuracy of the component can be further improved, and the handling of the component can be further simplified. Active cooling of the punch and / or die is particularly advantageous when forming in relatively large quantities, i.e. when the desired forming capacity is relatively large. However, if the resulting dimensional accuracy of the finished part has no negative effect at all, it is also permissible to heat the heated semi-finished forming tool during production.

  An advantageous form of the invention that prevents the heated magnesium plate semi-finished product from being directly placed on the punch or die is that the heated semi-finished product is placed on a semi-finished product holder associated with the forming tool. The essential surface area of the heated semi-finished product is to be spaced from the punch and die in the ambient atmosphere between the punch and die before the actual molding process . In this case, the ambient atmosphere, preferably ambient air, functions as a thermal insulator. As a result, the heated semi-finished product is cooled very slightly before actual molding. In this case, the semi-finished product holder is designed, for example, as an active plate holder which is arranged above the punch associated with the die.

  Another advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention is that a semi-finished holder is used in which the surface area in contact with the heated semi-finished product has a porous surface structure or has a recess. It has the characteristics. Thereby, the heat loss, ie, the temperature loss, of the heated semi-finished product due to heat conduction from the heated semi-finished product to the semi-finished product holder is reduced.

  In addition or alternatively, another advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention is that the surface area in contact with the heated semi-finished product has a thermal conductivity of at most 20 W / mK at an ambient temperature of 30 ° C. to 100 ° C. It is characterized in that a semi-finished holder is used which is made of a material having or is provided with a coating. This also reduces the heat loss or temperature loss of the heated semi-finished product due to heat conduction from the heated semi-finished product to the semi-finished product holder.

  Another advantageous form of the method according to the invention uses a die in which a recess is formed in the molding surface facing the heated semi-finished product to be molded, which reduces the contact surface facing the heated semi-finished product. It is characterized by that. The recesses or the air that has entered these recesses has a thermal insulation effect, thus reducing the heat loss or temperature loss of the heated semi-finished product.

  Another advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the semi-finished product is conveyed directly into the forming tool by a conveying device provided with a conductive heating source. As a result of this, the semi-finished product to be molded is given a sufficiently high starting temperature before molding, and at the same time the temperature loss of the semi-finished product before molding is minimized.

  By using a molding tool that has not been tempered, it can be considered to perform cost-effective trimming of an integral part made of a magnesium plate during the molding of a semi-finished product. Accordingly, another advantageous form of the method according to the invention is characterized in that during molding, the semi-finished product is trimmed simultaneously by at least one cutting member integrated with the forming tool.

  Other preferred and advantageous forms of the device according to the invention are described in the dependent claims.

  The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings showing a plurality of embodiments.

It is the schematic which shows the apparatus, ie, processing line, which manufactures the three-dimensionally molded part from the magnesium semi-finished product. It is the schematic which shows other embodiment of the processing line which manufactures the components shape | molded three-dimensionally from the semi-finished product of magnesium. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a forming tool according to the present invention.

  The apparatus shown in FIG. 1 basically has an apparatus 1 for heating a semi-finished product 2 made of a magnesium plate, and a forming tool 3 for forming the heated semi-finished product 2 without an internal heat source. ing. The semi-finished product 2 to be molded is, for example, in the form of a magnesium plate blank.

  In this case, the device 1 for heating the semi-finished product 2 is designed as a continuous furnace, preferably a roller firebed furnace. The continuous furnace, that is, the roller fired hearth furnace 1 is provided with an inductor, a radiant heater, a hot air burner and / or a burner with a heat exchanger. It is also conceivable to use an infrared radiator to heat the semi-finished product 2 to be molded.

  In the illustrated embodiment, the magnesium plate blank 2 to be formed is removed from the conveyor belt or supply stack 4 and heated to a high temperature in a continuous furnace 1. This temperature is selected such that the temperature of the workpiece is still substantially higher than 180 ° C. to 220 ° C. at the end of molding. For this purpose, the magnesium plate blank or semi-finished product 2 is heated to a temperature in the range of 230 ° C. to 260 ° C., for example.

  The heated semi-finished product 2 is then gripped by a conveying device (preferably a robot) 5 in the exit area of the continuous furnace, so that it does not come into direct contact with the punch 3.1 and the die 3.2. Placed inside. For this purpose, the forming tool 3 is provided with a semi-finished product holder (plate holder) 3.3, which is located above the punch head when the forming tool 3 is opened. Therefore, the semi-finished product 2 placed on the semi-finished product holder 3.3 does not come into contact with either the punch 3.1 or the die 3.2. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the blank 2 placed in the forming tool 3 is first placed on the semi-finished product holder 3.3 and spaced from both the punch 3.1 and the die 3.2. This prevents the heated magnesium plate blank 2 from being excessively cooled.

  Next, the tool 3 is closed in order to form the heated semi-finished product into a predetermined shape by means of the punch 3.1 and the die 3.2. The molding is performed at a relatively high molding speed, and therefore, the temperature drop during the molding of the heated workpiece (semi-finished product) 2 is kept small. In order to achieve a correspondingly high forming speed, the forming tool 3 is driven by a drive (not shown) that provides a closing speed of the punch 3.1 and the die 3.2 in the range of 15 mm / second to 500 mm / second. have.

  The part 2 ′ thus produced is taken out from the forming tool 3 by an appropriate conveying device (preferably a robot) 6 after the forming tool 3 is opened. It is placed or deposited on the means.

  The use of conventional tool steel can result in too much heat loss for the part geometry or degree of deformation. The tool 3 has at least a partial region made of a material having a relatively low thermal conductivity and / or a coating having a low thermal conductivity. In addition to ceramic materials, special tool steels can also satisfy these conditions. For example, the punch 3.1 and / or the die 3.2 of the forming tool 3 is made at least partly of a material having a thermal conductivity of at most 20 W / mK at an ambient temperature of 30-100 ° C. Can do. Alternatively, the thermal conductivity can be reduced using a suitable coating.

  Another preferred form of the device according to the invention has a surface area 3.31 of the semi-finished holder 3.3, which is in contact with the heated semi-finished article 2 and has a porous surface structure. It has a dent 3.32. Thereby, the heat loss of the semi-finished product 2 is further reduced. In addition or alternatively, the surface area 3.31 of the semi-finished holder 3.3 in contact with the heated semi-finished product 2 is made of a material having a relatively low thermal conductivity or made of such a material. Can be coated. The thermal conductivity of the material or coating used for the semi-finished holder 3.3 preferably has a thermal conductivity of at most 20 W / mK at an ambient temperature of 30-100 ° C.

  FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention for producing a three-dimensionally molded part 2 'from a magnesium plate. In this apparatus, the magnesium blank 2 to be formed is not heated in a continuous furnace as in the apparatus of FIG. 1, but is heated by a transfer device 5 'such as a robot. For this purpose, the conveying device 5 ′ is provided with a heating device or a conductive heating source 5.1 and the magnesium plate 2 is heated while being conveyed into the forming tool 3 from the supply stack 4 or the conveyor belt. The In this case, the conductive heating source, that is, the heating device 5.1 is transferred to the forming tool 3 by gripping the magnesium plate (semi-finished product) 2 by the gripping member, that is, the holding member of the transfer device 5 ′. It is integrated in the tool 3).

  The forming tool 3 of the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 is of the same design as the forming tool 3 of the apparatus according to FIG. 1, and to avoid duplication, reference is made to the above description of FIG.

  The apparatus schematically shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a processing line that operates substantially continuously. Although not shown, the material can also be unwound from the coil, and based on existing processing lines, for example, when trimming is performed during or after molding, the rectangular blank is cut to a certain length, The shaped blank has its profile end substantially equal to the specific size of the finished part.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal section showing a forming tool 3 according to the invention which can be used, for example, in the apparatus according to FIG. 1 or FIG. Also in this case, the forming tool 3 (shown in the open state) has a punch 3.1 and a die 3.2 for forming the magnesium plate blank 2. The forming tool 3 does not contain an internal heating source. The forming tool 3 is provided with a semi-product holder (blank holder) 3.3, and the heated blank 2 is placed on the semi-product holder 3.3 so as not to directly contact the punch 3.1 and the die 3.2. Placed. The surface area 3.31 of the semi-finished holder 3.3, which serves as the surface on which the heated blank 2 is placed, is initially located above the punch 3.1 when the forming tool 3 is in an open loading state. The surface area 3.31 of the semi-finished product holder 3.3 has a surface structure provided with a groove-like recess or depression 3.32. In addition, a recess, that is, a recess 3.21, is also formed on the surface of the cavity of the die 3.2 that receives the punch head. The recesses or depressions 3.32, 3.21 form air gaps or air ducts, which have a heat insulating effect and thus prevent rapid heating or heat loss of the heated blank 2. In contrast, the surface of the punch 3.1 that is moved into the cavity of the die 3.2 to form the blank 2 is not provided with any recesses that form an air duct on the surface facing the blank 2. This is because in this case, the surface of the punch becomes the actual forming surface of the forming tool 3.

  In order to keep the temperature of the part 2 'to be removed from the forming tool 3 low when the amount of the part 2' to be made from the magnesium plate is relatively large, the punch 3.1 and / or the die 3.2 is actively cooled. A system (not shown) can also be provided. This type of cooling system can be integrated into the punch 3.1 and / or the die 3.2, for example by means of a crown structure and / or a cooling duct.

1 Heating device 2 Semi-finished product (blank)
2 'Parts to be made from magnesium plate 3 Forming tool 3.1 Punch 3.2 Die 3.21 Recess (recess)
3.3 Semi-finished product holder 3.32 Recess (recess)
3.31 Surface area 4 Supply stack 5 Transport device 5 ′ Transport device 5.1 Conductive heating source 6 Transport device

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a part from a magnesium plate by molding a semi-finished product made of a magnesium plate (sheet), more specifically, a semi-finished product in the form of a magnesium plate blank. Forming a heated semi-finished product using a molding tool designed to be heated to a high temperature, preferably at least 200 ° C. and molded in a molding tool consisting of a punch and a die, without an internal heating source, The present invention relates to a manufacturing method of a configuration in which a heated semi-finished product is placed in a forming tool without directly contacting a punch and a die . The invention also relates to an apparatus for manufacturing a part from a magnesium plate.

  Due to the hexagonal lattice structure of magnesium, it is very difficult to mold a magnesium plate at room temperature. More specifically, parts having a complex three-dimensional shape made of magnesium plate must be hot formed to prevent cracking. In general, a magnesium blank is formed at a high temperature using a tempered tool. In the prior art, various forms of tempered tools for forming magnesium plates are known. For example, Patent Document 1 below discloses a press for hot forming a magnesium plate, and this press is provided with an electric resistance heating device. In this case, the resistance heating device is integrated in the upper tool part (die) and the associated plate holder.

  Compared to conventional tools used for cold forming, tempered forming tools have a high level of technical complexity and therefore require higher capital investment and operating costs. This has a negative effect on the cost of parts made of magnesium.

  Patent Document 2 below discloses an apparatus and method for heating a moldable metal, more specifically, a magnesium alloy. This apparatus has a heating unit having a configuration in which heat transfer plates are arranged above and below a metal workpiece. As soon as the metal workpiece is guided between the heating plates via the conveying device, the heating plate is pressed against the metal workpiece to heat the metal workpiece. After heating, the metal workpiece is conveyed to a molding machine and molded by the molding machine.

Korean Patent Application No. 10 2006 00 57 901A International Publication No. 03/0776096 (A1)

  It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus that enables the production of three-dimensional parts at low cost from a magnesium plate.

According to the invention, the above object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and an apparatus having the features of claim 8 .

The manufacturing method according to the invention is such that the semi-finished product holder is designed as an active plate holder and is located above the punch associated with the die, and then the heated semi-finished product placed on the semi-finished product holder is It is characterized by being molded at a molding speed within a range of 15 mm / second to 500 mm / second.

The production device according to the invention is thus designed as an active plate holder in which the semi-finished product holder can be placed above the punch, and the heated semi-finished product does not directly contact the punch and die in the forming tool. It is placed on top, and forming tools, characterized in that it has a drive device which imparts a punch and die closing speed in the range of 15 mm / sec 500 mm / sec.

  According to the present invention, there is no additional complication caused by tempering the forming tool by the internal heating source. The present invention processes a magnesium semi-finished product heated in a forming tool that does not have an internal heating source. As a result of this, tool costs and operating costs, and thus component costs, are significantly reduced. In particular, when the number of manufactured parts is relatively small, the tool cost is reduced and the profitability of the parts is substantially increased.

  Tests have shown that the present invention can produce a three-dimensional shaped part from a magnesium blank without cracks. Magnesium blanks should be fired if excessive heat loss is avoided prior to the actual forming process by preventing the blanks from being placed directly on the punch or die when placed in the forming tool. In a molding tool that is not returned, it is heated to, for example, 250 ° C., and the next molding is performed at a relatively high molding speed (15 to 500 mm / sec).

  The average cooling rate in the case of a 2.00 mm thick magnesium plate heated to a temperature in the range of 200 ° C. to 250 ° C. is, for example, 2-12 K / sec in air at room temperature of 20 ° C. This relatively small heat loss allows a semi-finished product or heated blank heated in a suitable transport system to produce a wrinkle-free, more particularly crack-free part at a given degree of deformation prior to molding. It is ensured that a sufficiently high starting temperature is possible.

  The use of a non-tempered tool for forming a heated magnesium blank according to the present invention can also have a positive effect on dimensional accuracy and handling of parts made in this way. This is because the part has a higher dimensional stability compared to the part made in the tempered tool because the part has a much lower temperature when it is removed from the tempered tool. And therefore less subject to undesirable deformation when removed from the forming tool and during subsequent handling, which has a positive effect on the dimensional stability of the part. Also, parts made in accordance with the present invention are easy to handle because they are considerably cooler when removed from non-tempered tools. In this case, it is possible to use a conventional transport system that is not temperature stable or relatively low.

  An advantageous form of the method according to the invention is to use as the forming tool a forming tool whose punch and / or die have an active cooling device. As a result, the temperature for taking out the component can be lowered more quickly, the dimensional accuracy of the component can be further improved, and the handling of the component can be further simplified. Active cooling of the punch and / or die is particularly advantageous when forming in relatively large quantities, i.e. when the desired forming capacity is relatively large. However, if the resulting dimensional accuracy of the finished part has no negative effect at all, it is also permissible to heat the heated semi-finished forming tool during production.

According to the present invention, rather than semi-finished products Rukoto mounting directly on the punch or die of the heated magnesium plate, instead, be placed on a semi-finished product holder provided in association with the forming tool, therefore, are heated The essential surface area of the semi-finished product is to be spaced from the punch and die in the ambient atmosphere between the punch and die prior to the actual forming process. In this case, the ambient atmosphere, preferably ambient air, functions as a thermal insulator. As a result, the heated semi-finished product is cooled very slightly before actual molding. In this case, according to the present invention, semi-finished products holder is designed as an active plate holder which is arranged above the punch associated with dialog.

  Another advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention is that a semi-finished holder is used in which the surface area in contact with the heated semi-finished product has a porous surface structure or has a recess. It has the characteristics. Thereby, the heat loss, ie, the temperature loss, of the heated semi-finished product due to heat conduction from the heated semi-finished product to the semi-finished product holder is reduced.

  In addition or alternatively, another advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention is that the surface area in contact with the heated semi-finished product has a thermal conductivity of at most 20 W / mK at an ambient temperature of 30 ° C. to 100 ° C. It is characterized in that a semi-finished holder is used which is made of a material having or is provided with a coating. This also reduces the heat loss or temperature loss of the heated semi-finished product due to heat conduction from the heated semi-finished product to the semi-finished product holder.

  Another advantageous form of the method according to the invention uses a die in which a recess is formed in the molding surface facing the heated semi-finished product to be molded, which reduces the contact surface facing the heated semi-finished product. It is characterized by that. The recesses or the air that has entered these recesses has a thermal insulation effect, thus reducing the heat loss or temperature loss of the heated semi-finished product.

  Another advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the semi-finished product is conveyed directly into the forming tool by a conveying device provided with a conductive heating source. As a result of this, the semi-finished product to be molded is given a sufficiently high starting temperature before molding, and at the same time the temperature loss of the semi-finished product before molding is minimized.

  By using a molding tool that has not been tempered, it can be considered to perform cost-effective trimming of an integral part made of a magnesium plate during the molding of a semi-finished product. Accordingly, another advantageous form of the method according to the invention is characterized in that during molding, the semi-finished product is trimmed simultaneously by at least one cutting member integrated with the forming tool.

  Other preferred and advantageous forms of the device according to the invention are described in the dependent claims.

  The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings showing a plurality of embodiments.

It is the schematic which shows the apparatus, ie, processing line, which manufactures the three-dimensionally molded part from the magnesium semi-finished product. It is the schematic which shows other embodiment of the processing line which manufactures the components shape | molded three-dimensionally from the semi-finished product of magnesium. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a forming tool according to the present invention.

  The apparatus shown in FIG. 1 basically has an apparatus 1 for heating a semi-finished product 2 made of a magnesium plate, and a forming tool 3 for forming the heated semi-finished product 2 without an internal heat source. ing. The semi-finished product 2 to be molded is, for example, in the form of a magnesium plate blank.

  In this case, the device 1 for heating the semi-finished product 2 is designed as a continuous furnace, preferably a roller firebed furnace. The continuous furnace, that is, the roller fired hearth furnace 1 is provided with an inductor, a radiant heater, a hot air burner and / or a burner with a heat exchanger. It is also conceivable to use an infrared radiator to heat the semi-finished product 2 to be molded.

  In the illustrated embodiment, the magnesium plate blank 2 to be formed is removed from the conveyor belt or supply stack 4 and heated to a high temperature in a continuous furnace 1. This temperature is selected such that the temperature of the workpiece is still substantially higher than 180 ° C. to 220 ° C. at the end of molding. For this purpose, the magnesium plate blank or semi-finished product 2 is heated to a temperature in the range of 230 ° C. to 260 ° C., for example.

  The heated semi-finished product 2 is then gripped by a conveying device (preferably a robot) 5 in the exit area of the continuous furnace, so that it does not come into direct contact with the punch 3.1 and the die 3.2. Placed inside. For this purpose, the forming tool 3 is provided with a semi-finished product holder (plate holder) 3.3, which is located above the punch head when the forming tool 3 is opened. Therefore, the semi-finished product 2 placed on the semi-finished product holder 3.3 does not come into contact with either the punch 3.1 or the die 3.2. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the blank 2 placed in the forming tool 3 is first placed on the semi-finished product holder 3.3 and spaced from both the punch 3.1 and the die 3.2. This prevents the heated magnesium plate blank 2 from being excessively cooled.

  Next, the tool 3 is closed in order to form the heated semi-finished product into a predetermined shape by means of the punch 3.1 and the die 3.2. The molding is performed at a relatively high molding speed, and therefore, the temperature drop during the molding of the heated workpiece (semi-finished product) 2 is kept small. In order to achieve a correspondingly high forming speed, the forming tool 3 is driven by a drive (not shown) that provides a closing speed of the punch 3.1 and the die 3.2 in the range of 15 mm / second to 500 mm / second. have.

  The part 2 ′ thus produced is taken out from the forming tool 3 by an appropriate conveying device (preferably a robot) 6 after the forming tool 3 is opened. It is placed or deposited on the means.

  The use of conventional tool steel can result in too much heat loss for the part geometry or degree of deformation. The tool 3 has at least a partial region made of a material having a relatively low thermal conductivity and / or a coating having a low thermal conductivity. In addition to ceramic materials, special tool steels can also satisfy these conditions. For example, the punch 3.1 and / or the die 3.2 of the forming tool 3 is made at least partly of a material having a thermal conductivity of at most 20 W / mK at an ambient temperature of 30-100 ° C. Can do. Alternatively, the thermal conductivity can be reduced using a suitable coating.

  Another preferred form of the device according to the invention has a surface area 3.31 of the semi-finished holder 3.3, which is in contact with the heated semi-finished article 2 and has a porous surface structure. It has a dent 3.32. Thereby, the heat loss of the semi-finished product 2 is further reduced. In addition or alternatively, the surface area 3.31 of the semi-finished holder 3.3 in contact with the heated semi-finished product 2 is made of a material having a relatively low thermal conductivity or made of such a material. Can be coated. The thermal conductivity of the material or coating used for the semi-finished holder 3.3 preferably has a thermal conductivity of at most 20 W / mK at an ambient temperature of 30-100 ° C.

  FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention for producing a three-dimensionally molded part 2 'from a magnesium plate. In this apparatus, the magnesium blank 2 to be formed is not heated in a continuous furnace as in the apparatus of FIG. 1, but is heated by a transfer device 5 'such as a robot. For this purpose, the conveying device 5 ′ is provided with a heating device or a conductive heating source 5.1 and the magnesium plate 2 is heated while being conveyed into the forming tool 3 from the supply stack 4 or the conveyor belt. The In this case, the conductive heating source, that is, the heating device 5.1 is transferred to the forming tool 3 by gripping the magnesium plate (semi-finished product) 2 by the gripping member, that is, the holding member of the transfer device 5 ′. It is integrated in the tool 3).

  The forming tool 3 of the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 is of the same design as the forming tool 3 of the apparatus according to FIG. 1, and to avoid duplication, reference is made to the above description of FIG.

  The apparatus schematically shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a processing line that operates substantially continuously. Although not shown, the material can also be unwound from the coil, and based on existing processing lines, for example, when trimming is performed during or after molding, the rectangular blank is cut to a certain length, The shaped blank has its profile end substantially equal to the specific size of the finished part.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal section showing a forming tool 3 according to the invention which can be used, for example, in the apparatus according to FIG. 1 or FIG. Also in this case, the forming tool 3 (shown in the open state) has a punch 3.1 and a die 3.2 for forming the magnesium plate blank 2. The forming tool 3 does not contain an internal heating source. The forming tool 3 is provided with a semi-product holder (blank holder) 3.3, and the heated blank 2 is placed on the semi-product holder 3.3 so as not to directly contact the punch 3.1 and the die 3.2. Placed. The surface area 3.31 of the semi-finished holder 3.3, which serves as the surface on which the heated blank 2 is placed, is initially located above the punch 3.1 when the forming tool 3 is in an open loading state. The surface area 3.31 of the semi-finished product holder 3.3 has a surface structure provided with a groove-like recess or depression 3.32. In addition, a recess, that is, a recess 3.21, is also formed on the surface of the cavity of the die 3.2 that receives the punch head. The recesses or depressions 3.32, 3.21 form air gaps or air ducts, which have a heat insulating effect and thus prevent rapid heating or heat loss of the heated blank 2. In contrast, the surface of the punch 3.1 that is moved into the cavity of the die 3.2 to form the blank 2 is not provided with any recesses that form an air duct on the surface facing the blank 2. This is because in this case, the surface of the punch becomes the actual forming surface of the forming tool 3.

  In order to keep the temperature of the part 2 'to be removed from the forming tool 3 low when the amount of the part 2' to be made from the magnesium plate is relatively large, the punch 3.1 and / or the die 3.2 is actively cooled. A system (not shown) can also be provided. This type of cooling system can be integrated into the punch 3.1 and / or the die 3.2, for example by means of a crown structure and / or a cooling duct.

1 Heating device 2 Semi-finished product (blank)
2 'Parts to be made from magnesium plate 3 Forming tool 3.1 Punch 3.2 Die 3.21 Recess (recess)
3.3 Semi-finished product holder 3.32 Recess (recess)
3.31 Surface area 4 Supply stack 5 Transport device 5 ′ Transport device 5.1 Conductive heating source 6 Transport device

Claims (16)

  A method for producing a part (2 ') from a magnesium plate by forming a semi-finished product (2) made of a magnesium plate, more specifically a semi-finished product (2) in the form of a magnesium plate blank, comprising: In the production method wherein the mold is heated in a molding tool (3) consisting of a punch (3.1) and a die (3.2) and is heated to a high temperature, preferably at least 200 ° C., before molding. A heated semi-finished product (2) is formed using a molding tool (3) designed without a heating source, and the heated semi-finished product (2) comprises a punch (3.1) and a die (3.2). A manufacturing method characterized in that it is placed in the forming tool (3) without direct contact with the substrate and then formed at a forming speed in the range of 15 mm / second to 500 mm / second.   The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the heated semi-finished product (2) is placed on a semi-finished product holder (3.3) provided in association with the forming tool (3).   Semi-finished product having a surface structure (3.31) of the semi-finished product holder (3.3) in contact with the heated semi-finished product as a semi-finished product holder having a porous surface structure or having a recess (3.32) 3. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that a holder (3.3) is used.   As a semi-product holder, the surface area (3.31) in contact with the heated semi-product (2) is made of a material having a thermal conductivity of at most 20 W / mK at an ambient temperature of 30 ° C. to 100 ° C. 4. A method according to claim 2, wherein the semi-finished product holder (3.3) provided is used.   As a die, a die (3. 21) provided with a depression (3.21) which causes a reduction in the contact surface facing the heated semi-finished product (2) on the molding surface facing the heated semi-finished product (2) to be molded. .2) is used, The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.   6. The forming tool according to claim 1, wherein the forming tool comprises a punch (3.1) and / or a die (3.2) having an active cooling device. The manufacturing method of 1 item | term.   The said semi-finished product (2) is directly conveyed in a shaping | molding tool (3) by the conveying apparatus (5 ') provided with the electrically conductive heating source (5.1). The manufacturing method of 1 item | term.   The method according to claim 1, wherein the semi-finished product (2) is trimmed simultaneously with at least one cutting member integrated with the forming tool (3) during molding. .   An apparatus for producing a part (2 ') from a magnesium plate, which is a semi-finished product (2) made of a magnesium plate, more specifically a punch (3) for forming a semi-finished product (2) in the form of a magnesium plate blank .1) and a forming tool (3) with a die (3.2), and a device (1, 5.1) for heating the semi-finished product (2) to a high temperature, preferably at least 200 ° C., before forming In an apparatus for producing a part (2 ′) from a magnesium plate having a shape, the forming tool (3) is designed without an internal heating source and is provided with a semi-finished holder (3.3) and heated. The semi-finished product (2) is placed on the semi-finished product holder (3.3) in the forming tool (3) without direct contact with the punch (3.1) and the die (3.2), and 15 mm / sec to 500 mm Punch within a second Manufacturing apparatus characterized by further comprising a driving device for imparting closing speed of fine die.   The surface area (3.31) of the semi-finished product holder (3.3) in contact with the heated semi-finished product (2) has a porous surface structure or has a recess (3.32). The manufacturing apparatus according to claim 9.   The surface region (3.31) of the semi-finished holder (3.3) in contact with the heated semi-finished product (2) is made of a material having a thermal conductivity of at most 20 W / mK at an ambient temperature of 30 ° C. to 100 ° C. The manufacturing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the manufacturing apparatus is provided with a coating.   The punch (3.1) and / or die (3.2) of the forming tool (3) has a thermal conductivity of at most 20 W / mK at least in a partial region at an ambient temperature of 30 to 100 ° C. The manufacturing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the manufacturing apparatus is made of a material having a coating or a coating.   13. The manufacturing device according to claim 9, wherein the punch (3.1) and / or the die (3.2) of the forming tool (3) has an active cooling device. .   A conveying device (5 ′) provided with a conductive heating source (5.1) is provided in relation to the forming tool (3), and the semi-finished product (2) to be formed is formed by the conveying device (5 ′). 14. The manufacturing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the manufacturing apparatus is placed directly on the semi-finished product holder (3.3).   15. The die (3.2) is formed with a recess (3.21) for reducing the contact surface facing the heated semi-finished product (2). The manufacturing apparatus according to item.   The manufacturing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the forming tool is provided with at least one cutting member.

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