CA2468661A1 - Method of bonding a window to a substrate without a primer - Google Patents
Method of bonding a window to a substrate without a primer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2468661A1 CA2468661A1 CA002468661A CA2468661A CA2468661A1 CA 2468661 A1 CA2468661 A1 CA 2468661A1 CA 002468661 A CA002468661 A CA 002468661A CA 2468661 A CA2468661 A CA 2468661A CA 2468661 A1 CA2468661 A1 CA 2468661A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- substrate
- adhesive
- glass
- weight
- bonding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012974 tin catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 40
- -1 secondary amine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012763 reinforcing filler Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004588 polyurethane sealant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- JEAVSZCYOGCXEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamic acid;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound NC(O)=O.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JEAVSZCYOGCXEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001730 Moisture cure polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HBGGXOJOCNVPFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisononyl phthalate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCC(C)C HBGGXOJOCNVPFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FHIWHXMDQWQKSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl carbamate;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 FHIWHXMDQWQKSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BUZRAOJSFRKWPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanatosilane Chemical compound [SiH3]N=C=O BUZRAOJSFRKWPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical compound OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005498 phthalate group Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229940116351 sebacate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L sebacate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MZIYPBDWJJWNLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4,4-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaphosphetan-2-yl) dihydrogen phosphite Chemical compound CC1(OP(O1)OP(O)O)C MZIYPBDWJJWNLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UVDDHYAAWVNATK-VGKOASNMSA-L (z)-4-[dibutyl-[(z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-yl]oxystannyl]oxypent-3-en-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)\C=C(C)/O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)O\C(C)=C/C(C)=O UVDDHYAAWVNATK-VGKOASNMSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZXHDVRATSGZISC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenoxy)ethane Chemical compound C=COCCOC=C ZXHDVRATSGZISC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQBLGYCUQGDOOR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 1,3,2$l^{2}-dioxastannolane-4,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1O[Sn]OC1=O OQBLGYCUQGDOOR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940008841 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JIABEENURMZTTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-isocyanato-2-[(2-isocyanatophenyl)methyl]benzene Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=CC=C1CC1=CC=CC=C1N=C=O JIABEENURMZTTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YEVQZPWSVWZAOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(bromomethyl)-1-iodo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=C(I)C(CBr)=C1 YEVQZPWSVWZAOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FMGBDYLOANULLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-isocyanatopropyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCN=C=O FMGBDYLOANULLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLJQDHDVZJXNQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-n-(oxomethylidene)benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)N=C=O)C=C1 VLJQDHDVZJXNQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004322 Butylated hydroxytoluene Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000361 Poly(styrene)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012963 UV stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000005595 acetylacetonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001278 adipic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1 KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940073608 benzyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SGWHIVHMTJJAGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(10-methylundecyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCCCC(C)C SGWHIVHMTJJAGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JTNKWPDPEXRFOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(8-methylnonyl) phenyl phosphate Chemical class CC(C)CCCCCCCOP(=O)(OCCCCCCCC(C)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1 JTNKWPDPEXRFOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940095259 butylated hydroxytoluene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cinnamic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- SHFGJEQAOUMGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum dipotassium disodium dioxosilane iron(3+) oxocalcium oxomagnesium oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].O=[Mg].O=[Ca].O=[Si]=O SHFGJEQAOUMGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002380 dibutyl phthalate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JGFBRKRYDCGYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl(oxo)tin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](=O)CCCC JGFBRKRYDCGYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 description 1
- WNDWDJLPMLWBHW-UDVCPWNYSA-L dibutyltin(2+);(z)-4-methoxy-4-oxobut-2-enoate Chemical compound COC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OC WNDWDJLPMLWBHW-UDVCPWNYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate Chemical compound C1CC(N=C=O)CCC1CC1CCC(N=C=O)CC1 KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=C NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004675 formic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001261 isocyanato group Chemical group *N=C=O 0.000 description 1
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- RPUSRLKKXPQSGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl beta-phenylpropionate Natural products COC(=O)CCC1=CC=CC=C1 RPUSRLKKXPQSGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013008 moisture curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- UQBSMUMSQZPIJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)hydroxylamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(NO)=N1 UQBSMUMSQZPIJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010944 pre-mature reactiony Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- LSXJSCWRPVBMJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N silane 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound [SiH4].NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 LSXJSCWRPVBMJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010454 slate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UDUKMRHNZZLJRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC)CCC2OC21 UDUKMRHNZZLJRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000326 ultraviolet stabilizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014692 zinc oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Zn+2] RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
- C03C27/04—Joining glass to metal by means of an interlayer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
- C09J5/02—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers involving pretreatment of the surfaces to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
- C03C27/04—Joining glass to metal by means of an interlayer
- C03C27/048—Joining glass to metal by means of an interlayer consisting of an adhesive specially adapted for that purpose
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/54—Fixing of glass panes or like plates
- E06B3/56—Fixing of glass panes or like plates by means of putty, cement, or adhesives only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2400/00—Presence of inorganic and organic materials
- C09J2400/10—Presence of inorganic materials
- C09J2400/14—Glass
- C09J2400/143—Glass in the substrate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2475/00—Presence of polyurethane
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
- Die Bonding (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US33413301P | 2001-11-29 | 2001-11-29 | |
| US60/334,133 | 2001-11-29 | ||
| PCT/US2002/037936 WO2003048067A1 (en) | 2001-11-29 | 2002-11-26 | Method of bonding a window to a substrate without a primer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2468661A1 true CA2468661A1 (en) | 2003-06-12 |
Family
ID=23305733
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002468661A Abandoned CA2468661A1 (en) | 2001-11-29 | 2002-11-26 | Method of bonding a window to a substrate without a primer |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6875303B2 (https=) |
| EP (1) | EP1451123B1 (https=) |
| JP (1) | JP2005511463A (https=) |
| KR (1) | KR20050044614A (https=) |
| CN (1) | CN100344566C (https=) |
| AT (1) | ATE294145T1 (https=) |
| AU (1) | AU2002348248A1 (https=) |
| BR (1) | BR0213676A (https=) |
| CA (1) | CA2468661A1 (https=) |
| DE (1) | DE60203931T2 (https=) |
| MX (1) | MXPA04004762A (https=) |
| RU (1) | RU2305079C2 (https=) |
| WO (1) | WO2003048067A1 (https=) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4109117B2 (ja) * | 2001-03-01 | 2008-07-02 | シーメンス アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | 表面層および接着フィルムがカバーされて成る固体 |
| US20040143055A1 (en) * | 2002-07-16 | 2004-07-22 | Sunstar Giken Kabushiki Kaisha, A Corporation Of Japan | Moisture-curing one-pack urethane adhesive compositions |
| DE10236111A1 (de) * | 2002-08-07 | 2004-02-26 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum Verbinden von Bauteilen, insbesondere von Scheibenwischeranlagen, mit Karosserieteilen eines Kraftfahrzeuges |
| US8586149B2 (en) * | 2003-06-18 | 2013-11-19 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Environmentally friendly reactive fixture to allow localized surface engineering for improved adhesion to coated and non-coated substrates |
| US20040258850A1 (en) * | 2003-06-18 | 2004-12-23 | Ann Straccia | Environmentally friendly reactive fixture to allow localized surface engineering for improved adhesion to coated and non-coated substrates |
| JP3935133B2 (ja) | 2003-11-07 | 2007-06-20 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 重畳部の形成方法 |
| EP1743922B1 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2017-05-03 | Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Powdered resin composition for slush molding and molded product |
| DE102004033728B4 (de) * | 2004-07-13 | 2009-07-23 | Plasmatreat Gmbh | Verfahren zum Bearbeiten und Verkleben von Werkstücken aus einem Metall oder einer Metalllegierung mit einer hydratisierten Oxid- und/oder Hydroxidschicht |
| JP2008519103A (ja) | 2004-10-28 | 2008-06-05 | ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ インコーポレイティド | プライマーなしの接着方法 |
| US7494540B2 (en) * | 2004-12-15 | 2009-02-24 | Dow Global Technologies, Inc. | System for bonding glass into a structure |
| US7394587B2 (en) * | 2005-01-28 | 2008-07-01 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Apparatus having a photonic crystal |
| US20060172081A1 (en) * | 2005-02-02 | 2006-08-03 | Patrick Flinn | Apparatus and method for plasma treating and dispensing an adhesive/sealant onto a part |
| JP5047811B2 (ja) * | 2005-02-11 | 2012-10-10 | シーカ・テクノロジー・アーゲー | エアープラズマ処理熱可塑性プラスチックの接着 |
| DE102005020510A1 (de) * | 2005-04-29 | 2006-11-09 | Basf Ag | Verbundelement, insbesondere Fensterscheibe |
| DE102005042245A1 (de) * | 2005-09-05 | 2007-03-08 | Henniges Automotive Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Verbindung einer Fahrzeugscheibe mit einem vorgefertigten Bauteil |
| US7517561B2 (en) | 2005-09-21 | 2009-04-14 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method of coating a substrate for adhesive bonding |
| WO2007124875A1 (de) * | 2006-04-26 | 2007-11-08 | Richard Fritz Gmbh + Co. Kg | Verfahren zum verbinden einer haltevorrichtung mit einer scheibe und mittel zum durchführen des verfahrens |
| US7744984B2 (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2010-06-29 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method of treating substrates for bonding |
| US7981219B2 (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2011-07-19 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | System for plasma treating a plastic component |
| US20080138532A1 (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2008-06-12 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method for decorating a plastic component with a coating |
| US7819964B2 (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2010-10-26 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | System for bonding glass into a structure |
| DE102007009030B4 (de) * | 2007-02-23 | 2016-01-28 | Webasto Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Scheibenanordnung für ein Fahrzeug oder Bauwerk |
| WO2008137588A1 (en) * | 2007-05-01 | 2008-11-13 | Exatec, Llc | Edge healing and field repair of plasma coating |
| DE102007021794A1 (de) * | 2007-05-07 | 2008-11-13 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Verfahren zum primerlosen Verkleben von Metall- oder Kunststoffsubstraten |
| KR200449954Y1 (ko) * | 2008-04-01 | 2010-08-24 | 손정구 | 테이블 상판 |
| DE102008058913A1 (de) * | 2008-11-25 | 2010-05-27 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Verfahren zur Herstellung hybrider Bauteile für Fluggasturbinen |
| US20100151236A1 (en) * | 2008-12-11 | 2010-06-17 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Surface treatment for polymeric part adhesion |
| CN101462106B (zh) * | 2008-12-19 | 2012-05-23 | 东莞广泽汽车饰件有限公司 | 汽车配件表面常压等离子体预处理方法 |
| DE102009008907B4 (de) * | 2009-02-13 | 2014-07-24 | Airbus Operations Gmbh | Verfahren zur Plasmabehandlung und Lackierung einer Fläche |
| DE102009051397A1 (de) * | 2009-11-02 | 2011-05-05 | Sunfilm Ag | Verfahren zum Vorbehandeln eines Fotovoltaikmoduls zur Verklebung mit einer Montagevorrichtung |
| US8297403B2 (en) * | 2010-11-05 | 2012-10-30 | Webasto Roof Systems | Panel mounting structure with sound reduction member |
| EP2476735A1 (en) * | 2011-01-12 | 2012-07-18 | BAE Systems PLC | Method of outfitting a marine vessel |
| EP2581423A1 (en) | 2011-10-14 | 2013-04-17 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Primerless multilayer adhesive film for bonding glass substrates |
| US20130298469A1 (en) * | 2012-05-08 | 2013-11-14 | Guardian Industries Corp., | Silanol-inclusive adhesives, articles including components bonded to one another using silanol-inclusive adhesives, and/or associated methods |
| KR101434474B1 (ko) * | 2012-07-11 | 2014-08-26 | 현대모비스 주식회사 | 차량 부품 도장 방법 |
| JP5988881B2 (ja) * | 2013-01-15 | 2016-09-07 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | 接着剤組成物 |
| BR112015019589B1 (pt) * | 2013-03-28 | 2021-08-10 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Arranjo de múltiplos painéis de vidro |
| CN103639157B (zh) * | 2013-11-15 | 2016-06-08 | 广州福耀玻璃有限公司 | 玻璃附件的表面处理方法 |
| CN107075076B (zh) * | 2014-09-22 | 2020-10-16 | Sika技术股份公司 | 在玻璃上迅速建立粘附的储存稳定的湿固化聚氨酯粘合剂 |
| US10101149B1 (en) | 2017-04-12 | 2018-10-16 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Methods to control adhesiveness using topography |
| FR3088387B1 (fr) * | 2018-11-12 | 2020-10-30 | Psa Automobiles Sa | Procede d’encollage avec integration d’un controle de surface |
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| US3779794A (en) * | 1970-03-05 | 1973-12-18 | Essex Chemical Corp | Polyurethane sealant-primer system |
| US3707521A (en) * | 1970-03-05 | 1972-12-26 | Essex Chemical Corp | Polyurethane sealant-primer system isocyanate-reactive surface primer composition for polyurethane sealants |
| US4063002A (en) * | 1975-04-14 | 1977-12-13 | Wilson Jr Floyd | Insulated glass and sealant therefor |
| US4374237A (en) * | 1981-12-21 | 1983-02-15 | Union Carbide Corporation | Silane-containing isocyanate-terminated polyurethane polymers |
| US4525511A (en) * | 1984-04-06 | 1985-06-25 | Essex Specialty Products, Inc. | Method and compositions for improving bonding to painted surfaces |
| US4687533A (en) * | 1985-08-26 | 1987-08-18 | Essex Specialty Products, Inc. | Bonding method employing moisture curable polyurethane polymers |
| US4625012A (en) * | 1985-08-26 | 1986-11-25 | Essex Specialty Products, Inc. | Moisture curable polyurethane polymers |
| US4758648A (en) * | 1986-10-20 | 1988-07-19 | Essex Specialty Products, Inc. | High speed cure sealant |
| IT1223074B (it) * | 1986-11-19 | 1990-09-12 | Martin Processing Co Inc | Parabrezza di sicurezza e metodo per fabbricarlo |
| US5063269A (en) * | 1990-01-16 | 1991-11-05 | Essex Specialty Products, Inc. | One-part primerless adhesive |
| US5741383A (en) * | 1992-08-18 | 1998-04-21 | Essex Specialty Products, Inc. | Process for bonding a vehicle window |
| WO1994009046A1 (en) * | 1992-10-13 | 1994-04-28 | Essex Specialty Products, Inc. | Polyurethane sealant compositions |
| AU691083B2 (en) * | 1995-01-13 | 1998-05-07 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Method and composition for bonding components to glass |
| KR100414602B1 (ko) * | 1995-01-13 | 2004-02-18 | 에섹스 스페시얼티 프로덕츠, 인코오포레이티드 | 2-부분습윤경화성폴리우레탄접착제 |
| BR9609594A (pt) * | 1995-06-30 | 1999-02-23 | Commw Scient Ind Res Org | Tratamento melhorado da superfície de polímeros |
| DE19532412C2 (de) * | 1995-09-01 | 1999-09-30 | Agrodyn Hochspannungstechnik G | Vorrichtung zur Oberflächen-Vorbehandlung von Werkstücken |
| AR005429A1 (es) * | 1996-01-11 | 1999-06-23 | Essex Specialty Prod | Prepolimeros de poliuretano, composiciones adhesivas en un solo envase que incluyen dichos prepolimeros y procedimiento para adherir substratos con dichascomposiciones |
| US5922809A (en) * | 1996-01-11 | 1999-07-13 | The Dow Chemical Company | One-part moisture curable polyurethane adhesive |
| US5792811A (en) * | 1996-12-30 | 1998-08-11 | The Dow Chemical Company | Primer composition for improving the bonding of a urethane adhesive |
| US5852137A (en) * | 1997-01-29 | 1998-12-22 | Essex Specialty Products | Polyurethane sealant compositions |
| US5817860A (en) * | 1998-03-20 | 1998-10-06 | Essex Specialty Products, Inc. | Polyurethane prepolymer compositions, foams made therefrom and methods of making each thereof |
| US6105589A (en) * | 1999-01-11 | 2000-08-22 | Vane; Ronald A. | Oxidative cleaning method and apparatus for electron microscopes using an air plasma as an oxygen radical source |
| AU2983200A (en) | 1999-02-05 | 2000-08-25 | Dow Chemical Company, The | Polyurethane sealant compositions |
| US6649016B2 (en) * | 2002-03-04 | 2003-11-18 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Silane functional adhesive composition and method of bonding a window to a substrate without a primer |
-
2002
- 2002-11-26 RU RU2004119549/03A patent/RU2305079C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-11-26 BR BR0213676-7A patent/BR0213676A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-11-26 US US10/304,425 patent/US6875303B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-11-26 CA CA002468661A patent/CA2468661A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-11-26 EP EP02782379A patent/EP1451123B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2002-11-26 MX MXPA04004762A patent/MXPA04004762A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2002-11-26 JP JP2003549263A patent/JP2005511463A/ja active Pending
- 2002-11-26 AU AU2002348248A patent/AU2002348248A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-11-26 DE DE60203931T patent/DE60203931T2/de not_active Revoked
- 2002-11-26 KR KR1020047008189A patent/KR20050044614A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2002-11-26 WO PCT/US2002/037936 patent/WO2003048067A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-11-26 CN CNB028232860A patent/CN100344566C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-11-26 AT AT02782379T patent/ATE294145T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2004119549A (ru) | 2005-03-27 |
| CN1592723A (zh) | 2005-03-09 |
| US6875303B2 (en) | 2005-04-05 |
| KR20050044614A (ko) | 2005-05-12 |
| ATE294145T1 (de) | 2005-05-15 |
| MXPA04004762A (es) | 2004-07-30 |
| EP1451123B1 (en) | 2005-04-27 |
| US20030098114A1 (en) | 2003-05-29 |
| AU2002348248A1 (en) | 2003-06-17 |
| DE60203931T2 (de) | 2006-01-19 |
| RU2305079C2 (ru) | 2007-08-27 |
| BR0213676A (pt) | 2004-10-26 |
| JP2005511463A (ja) | 2005-04-28 |
| EP1451123A1 (en) | 2004-09-01 |
| DE60203931D1 (de) | 2005-06-02 |
| CN100344566C (zh) | 2007-10-24 |
| WO2003048067A1 (en) | 2003-06-12 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |