CA2273360A1 - Modifying agents for polyolefins - Google Patents
Modifying agents for polyolefins Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2273360A1 CA2273360A1 CA002273360A CA2273360A CA2273360A1 CA 2273360 A1 CA2273360 A1 CA 2273360A1 CA 002273360 A CA002273360 A CA 002273360A CA 2273360 A CA2273360 A CA 2273360A CA 2273360 A1 CA2273360 A1 CA 2273360A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- composition
- aryl
- substituted
- polyolefin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004450 alkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000005724 cycloalkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002993 cycloalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005606 polypropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002030 1,2-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:1])=C([*:2])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims 2
- 101100295738 Gallus gallus COR3 gene Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 17
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000008395 clarifying agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 5
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 4
- MGNZXYYWBUKAII-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound C1CC=CC=C1 MGNZXYYWBUKAII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 4
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000002837 carbocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UAJRSHJHFRVGMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-4-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 UAJRSHJHFRVGMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzoic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YIHKILSPWGDWPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6708-37-8 Chemical compound C1CC2C3C(=O)OC(=O)C3C1C=C2 YIHKILSPWGDWPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N L-phenylalanine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical compound C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC=C FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940093499 ethyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadec-1-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OZCMOJQQLBXBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxy-2-methylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)COC=C OZCMOJQQLBXBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UDJZTGMLYITLIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylpyrrolidine Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1 UDJZTGMLYITLIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-vinylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=C)=CC=CC2=C1 IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXZSFWHOSHAKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,4',5-Pentachlorobiphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl SXZSFWHOSHAKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WROUWQQRXUBECT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylacrylic acid Chemical compound CCC(=C)C(O)=O WROUWQQRXUBECT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-vinylpyridine Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=N1 KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REEBWSYYNPPSKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[(4-formylphenoxy)methyl]thiophene-2-carbonitrile Chemical compound C1=CC(C=O)=CC=C1OCC1=C(C#N)SC=C1 REEBWSYYNPPSKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KNDQHSIWLOJIGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 826-62-0 Chemical compound C1C2C3C(=O)OC(=O)C3C1C=C2 KNDQHSIWLOJIGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002126 Acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-Et ester-Fumaric acid Natural products CCOC(=O)C=CC(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-WAYWQWQTSA-N Diethyl maleate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AGPKZVBTJJNPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoleucine Chemical compound CCC(C)C(N)C(O)=O AGPKZVBTJJNPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZSNJWFQEVHDMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Valine Chemical compound CC(C)C(N)C(O)=O KZSNJWFQEVHDMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XQUNMJVQLBEHIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1n2y2z Chemical compound C1CC2C3C(=O)N(CC(=O)O)C(=O)C3C1C=C2 XQUNMJVQLBEHIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RJURFGZVJUQBHK-IIXSONLDSA-N actinomycin D Chemical compound C[C@H]1OC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)N(C)C(=O)CN(C)C(=O)[C@@H]2CCCN2C(=O)[C@@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H]1NC(=O)C1=C(N)C(=O)C(C)=C2OC(C(C)=CC=C3C(=O)N[C@@H]4C(=O)N[C@@H](C(N5CCC[C@H]5C(=O)N(C)CC(=O)N(C)[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)O[C@@H]4C)=O)C(C)C)=C3N=C21 RJURFGZVJUQBHK-IIXSONLDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960004050 aminobenzoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cis-cyclohexene Natural products C1CCC=CC1 HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ARJAWSKDSA-N dimethyl maleate Chemical compound COC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OC LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XJELOQYISYPGDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl 2-chloroacetate Chemical compound ClCC(=O)OC=C XJELOQYISYPGDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTOIAAYVFNXNPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl 2-chloropropanoate Chemical compound CC(Cl)C(=O)OC=C BTOIAAYVFNXNPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OC=C MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005670 ethenylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940088644 n,n-dimethylacrylamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YLGYACDQVQQZSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(=O)C=C YLGYACDQVQQZSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFFHEFQIKLPAJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(1'-carboxy-2'-phenylethyl)-bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-5-en-2,3-dicarboximide Chemical group O=C1C(C2CCC3C=C2)C3C(=O)N1C(C(=O)O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 ZFFHEFQIKLPAJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- KKFHAJHLJHVUDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-vinylcarbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(C=C)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 KKFHAJHLJHVUDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SFBTTWXNCQVIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-Vinylanisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1C=C SFBTTWXNCQVIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229960005190 phenylalanine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005629 polypropylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000006413 ring segment Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940124543 ultraviolet light absorber Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/15—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen in the ring
- C08K5/151—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen in the ring having one oxygen atom in the ring
- C08K5/1535—Five-membered rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0083—Nucleating agents promoting the crystallisation of the polymer matrix
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3412—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having one nitrogen atom in the ring
- C08K5/3415—Five-membered rings
- C08K5/3417—Five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C08L23/12—Polypropene
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/773,704 US5929146A (en) | 1996-12-27 | 1996-12-27 | Modifying agents for polyolefins |
| US08/773704 | 1996-12-27 | ||
| PCT/US1997/007482 WO1998029495A1 (en) | 1996-12-27 | 1997-05-02 | Modifying agents for polyolefins |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2273360A1 true CA2273360A1 (en) | 1998-07-09 |
Family
ID=25099061
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002273360A Abandoned CA2273360A1 (en) | 1996-12-27 | 1997-05-02 | Modifying agents for polyolefins |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US5929146A (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP0948563B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP3826187B2 (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU3057897A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2273360A1 (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE69732426T2 (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO1998029495A1 (enExample) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100825507B1 (ko) * | 1999-07-09 | 2008-04-29 | 말리부 네트웍스, 인코퍼레이티드 | Ｔｃｐ/ｉｐ 패킷-중심 와이어리스 전송 시스템 아키텍처 |
| AU8821301A (en) | 2000-06-28 | 2002-01-08 | Bristol Myers Squibb Co | Selective androgen receptor modulators and methods for their identification, design and use |
| US7001911B2 (en) | 2000-06-28 | 2006-02-21 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Fused cyclic modulators of nuclear hormone receptor function |
| US20040077605A1 (en) * | 2001-06-20 | 2004-04-22 | Salvati Mark E. | Fused heterocyclic succinimide compounds and analogs thereof, modulators of nuclear hormone receptor function |
| BR0114041A (pt) | 2000-09-01 | 2004-02-10 | Milliken & Co | Derivados fluorados e alquilados de alditol e composições e artigos de poliolefina contendo os mesmos |
| EP1854798A3 (en) * | 2000-09-19 | 2007-11-28 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Fused heterocyclic succinimide compounds and analogs thereof, modulators of nuclear hormone receptor function |
| US6953679B2 (en) | 2000-09-19 | 2005-10-11 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Method for the preparation of fused heterocyclic succinimide compounds and analogs thereof |
| US20040087548A1 (en) | 2001-02-27 | 2004-05-06 | Salvati Mark E. | Fused cyclic succinimide compounds and analogs thereof, modulators of nuclear hormone receptor function |
| US6555696B2 (en) * | 2001-03-23 | 2003-04-29 | Milliken & Company | Asymmetric dipolar multi-substituted alditol derivatives, methods of making thereof, and compositions and articles containing same |
| US6534574B1 (en) | 2001-03-24 | 2003-03-18 | Milliken & Company | Highly nucleated thermoplastic articles |
| US6599968B2 (en) | 2001-03-24 | 2003-07-29 | Milliken & Company | Thermoplastic nucleating compounds |
| US6465551B1 (en) | 2001-03-24 | 2002-10-15 | Milliken & Company | Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane dicarboxylate salts as polyolefin nucleators |
| US6599971B2 (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2003-07-29 | Milliken & Company | Metals salts of hexahydrophthalic acid as nucleating additives for crystalline thermoplastics |
| US6559211B2 (en) * | 2001-05-23 | 2003-05-06 | Milliken & Company | Highly versatile thermoplastic nucleators |
| US6583206B2 (en) | 2001-06-05 | 2003-06-24 | Milliken & Company | Saturated [2.2.2] dicarboxylate salt thermoplastic nucleators and thermoplastic compositions thereof |
| US6521685B1 (en) | 2001-07-03 | 2003-02-18 | Milliken & Company | Clarifying agent formulations for thermoplastics exhibiting very high nucleation efficacy |
| US6585819B2 (en) | 2001-08-11 | 2003-07-01 | Milliken & Company | Clarified thermoplastics exhibiting very high nucleation efficacy |
| US6559216B1 (en) * | 2001-08-21 | 2003-05-06 | Milliken & Company | Low-color ultraviolet absorber compounds and compositions thereof |
| US6602447B2 (en) * | 2001-08-21 | 2003-08-05 | Milliken & Company | Low-color ultraviolet absorbers for high UV wavelength protection applications |
| PL206962B1 (pl) * | 2001-12-19 | 2010-10-29 | Bristol Myers Squibb Co | Związek heterocykliczny o budowie skondensowanej |
| AU2003226284A1 (en) * | 2002-04-12 | 2003-10-27 | Milliken And Company | Highly nucleated syndiotactic polypropylene |
| US6703434B2 (en) * | 2002-04-12 | 2004-03-09 | Milliken & Company | Methods of producing highly nucleated syndiotactic polypropylene |
| US7094918B2 (en) * | 2003-04-28 | 2006-08-22 | Milliken & Company | Low-color ultraviolet absorbers for thermoplastic and thermoset high UV wavelength protection applications |
| US8870814B2 (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2014-10-28 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. | Implantable or insertable medical devices containing silicone copolymer for controlled delivery of therapeutic agent |
| US20050038155A1 (en) * | 2003-08-12 | 2005-02-17 | Stephane Berghmans | Thermoplastics exhibiting excellent long-term hydrostatic strength for high-pressure applications |
| US20050038156A1 (en) * | 2003-08-12 | 2005-02-17 | Stephane Berghmans | Polypropylenes exhibiting excellent long-term hydrostatic strength for high-pressure applications |
| US20050038157A1 (en) * | 2003-08-12 | 2005-02-17 | Christopher Kochanowicz | Low density polyethylene articles exhibiting significantly decreased warpage at reduced cooling times |
| US20050046065A1 (en) * | 2003-08-30 | 2005-03-03 | Cowan Martin E. | Thermoplastic fibers exhibiting durable high color strength characteristics |
| US6946507B2 (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2005-09-20 | Milliken & Company | Nucleating additive formulations of bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane dicarboxylate salts |
| US6936650B2 (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2005-08-30 | Milliken & Company | Nucleating additive formulations of bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane dicarboxylate salts |
| US7157511B2 (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2007-01-02 | Chevron Phillipschemical Company Lp | Phosphite additives in polyolefins |
| US20050215714A1 (en) * | 2004-03-26 | 2005-09-29 | Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research | Preparation of semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers |
| EP1891151A1 (en) * | 2005-06-16 | 2008-02-27 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Modifying agent composition for polyolefins |
| US7871709B2 (en) * | 2005-09-07 | 2011-01-18 | Equistar Chemicals, Lp | Modified tie-layer compositions and improved clarity multi-layer barrier films produced therewith |
| WO2009058313A1 (en) | 2007-10-30 | 2009-05-07 | Milliken & Company | Additive composition and thermoplastic compositions comprising the same |
| EP2523999A2 (en) | 2010-01-15 | 2012-11-21 | Reliance Industries Limited | Nucleating agents for polyolefins based on metal salts |
| US9120914B2 (en) | 2013-09-23 | 2015-09-01 | Milliken & Company | Thermoplastic polymer composition |
| US9580575B2 (en) | 2013-09-23 | 2017-02-28 | Milliken & Company | Polyethylene articles |
| US9193845B2 (en) | 2013-09-23 | 2015-11-24 | Milliken & Company | Thermoplastic polymer composition |
| US9200142B2 (en) | 2013-09-23 | 2015-12-01 | Milliken & Company | Thermoplastic polymer composition |
| US9200144B2 (en) | 2013-09-23 | 2015-12-01 | Milliken & Company | Thermoplastic polymer composition |
| CN111718527A (zh) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-09-29 | 山东齐润源新材料科技有限公司 | 聚烯烃成核剂20r及其制法 |
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| NL265092A (enExample) * | 1960-12-21 | |||
| US3234233A (en) * | 1962-07-27 | 1966-02-08 | Rexall Drug Chemical | Substituted bicycloheptane-2, 3-dicarboximides |
| US3201363A (en) * | 1962-09-20 | 1965-08-17 | Hercules Powder Co Ltd | Extrusion aids for polyethylene |
| US3367926A (en) * | 1964-03-25 | 1968-02-06 | Dow Chemical Co | Modification of crystalline structure of crystallizable high polymers |
| US3408341A (en) * | 1964-10-21 | 1968-10-29 | Eastman Kodak Co | Crystallinity promoters |
| US3320267A (en) * | 1964-10-21 | 1967-05-16 | Mcneilab Inc | 2, 3-dicarboxylic acid and derivatives of norbornanes and the corresponding norbornenes |
| US3517086A (en) * | 1966-01-31 | 1970-06-23 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | Nucleated blend of polypropylene,polyethylene,and ethylene propylene copolymer |
| GB1204729A (en) * | 1967-12-28 | 1970-09-09 | Shell Int Research | Process for the improvement of synthetic diene polymers |
| DE2002489A1 (de) * | 1970-01-21 | 1971-07-29 | Huels Chemische Werke Ag | Kristallisationsfaehige thermoplastische Massen |
| JPS531319B1 (enExample) * | 1971-03-16 | 1978-01-18 | ||
| US3873643A (en) * | 1972-12-18 | 1975-03-25 | Chemplex Co | Graft copolymers of polyolefins and cyclic acid and acid anhydride monomers |
| US3882194A (en) * | 1973-01-26 | 1975-05-06 | Chemplex Co | Cografted copolymers of a polyolefin, an acid or acid anhydride and an ester monomer |
| US3941746A (en) * | 1973-12-28 | 1976-03-02 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Containing hindered phenolic norbornane-2,3-dicarboximides stabilized compositions |
| JPS51133400A (en) * | 1975-05-15 | 1976-11-19 | Japan Synthetic Rubber Co Ltd | A process for manufacturing animpact resistant thermoplastic resin |
| CH615911A5 (enExample) * | 1975-06-18 | 1980-02-29 | Ciba Geigy Ag | |
| JPS58445B2 (ja) * | 1975-10-17 | 1983-01-06 | 三井化学株式会社 | 熱可塑性エラストマ−の製造方法 |
| JPS5340760A (en) * | 1976-09-28 | 1978-04-13 | Teijin Ltd | Preparation of unsaturated imide esters |
| JPS5718682A (en) * | 1980-07-08 | 1982-01-30 | Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc | Preparation of bis p-ethylbenzylidene sorbitol |
| US4452942A (en) * | 1982-02-19 | 1984-06-05 | Chemplex Company | Adhesive blends containing anacid or anhydride grafted LLDPE |
| JPS58160343A (ja) * | 1982-03-17 | 1983-09-22 | Nippon Ester Co Ltd | ポリエステル組成物 |
| DE3215911A1 (de) * | 1982-04-29 | 1983-11-03 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Verfahren zur behandlung von (co)polymerisaten zur entfernung von restmonomeren |
| JPS6013837A (ja) * | 1983-07-04 | 1985-01-24 | Showa Denko Kk | 耐衝撃性樹脂の処理物 |
| US4476184A (en) * | 1983-08-09 | 1984-10-09 | The Boeing Company | Thermally stable polysulfone compositions for composite structures |
| JPS6117834A (ja) * | 1984-07-04 | 1986-01-25 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | ガステ−ブル |
| US4778837A (en) * | 1985-05-03 | 1988-10-18 | American Cyanamid Company | Low basicity hindered amine light stabilizers |
| US4704421A (en) * | 1985-08-06 | 1987-11-03 | El Paso Products Company | Nucleation of propylene polymers |
| US4739017A (en) * | 1986-06-06 | 1988-04-19 | The Dow Chemical Company | Retro Diels Alder assisted polymer grafting process |
| US4801637A (en) * | 1986-06-18 | 1989-01-31 | Shell Oil Company | Nucleation process for inducing crystallization in poly(alpha olefins) |
| DE3775893D1 (de) * | 1986-11-11 | 1992-02-20 | Ici Plc | Mischung aus einer carbonsaeure und einem amin. |
| JPH01180514A (ja) * | 1988-01-13 | 1989-07-18 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | 眼鏡レンズ用樹脂組成物及び眼鏡レンズ |
| GB8905796D0 (en) * | 1988-03-29 | 1989-04-26 | Ici Plc | Composition and use |
| US5135975A (en) * | 1989-09-20 | 1992-08-04 | Milliken Research Corporation | Bis(3,4-dialkylbenzylidene) sorbitol acetals and compositions containing same |
| FR2656620B1 (fr) * | 1990-01-04 | 1992-04-24 | M & T Chemicals Inc | Composition de resine synthetique polyolefinique contenant un agent nucleant. |
| FR2656820A1 (fr) * | 1990-01-05 | 1991-07-12 | Pfalzgraf Sa Epb Emile | Ensemble porte-outils muni d'un dispositif de palpage. |
| JP3046428B2 (ja) * | 1991-12-05 | 2000-05-29 | 旭電化工業株式会社 | 結晶性合成樹脂組成物 |
| JP3401888B2 (ja) * | 1993-12-20 | 2003-04-28 | 新日本理化株式会社 | ポリオレフィン系樹脂組成物 |
| GB9411800D0 (en) * | 1994-06-13 | 1994-08-03 | Sandoz Ltd | Organic compounds |
-
1996
- 1996-12-27 US US08/773,704 patent/US5929146A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-05-02 JP JP52996398A patent/JP3826187B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-02 AU AU30578/97A patent/AU3057897A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-05-02 CA CA002273360A patent/CA2273360A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-05-02 DE DE69732426T patent/DE69732426T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-02 EP EP97925444A patent/EP0948563B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-02 WO PCT/US1997/007482 patent/WO1998029495A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1998
- 1998-04-03 US US09/054,622 patent/US6096811A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69732426T2 (de) | 2006-01-05 |
| EP0948563A1 (en) | 1999-10-13 |
| US6096811A (en) | 2000-08-01 |
| WO1998029495A1 (en) | 1998-07-09 |
| AU3057897A (en) | 1998-07-31 |
| US5929146A (en) | 1999-07-27 |
| EP0948563B1 (en) | 2005-02-02 |
| JP3826187B2 (ja) | 2006-09-27 |
| DE69732426D1 (de) | 2005-03-10 |
| JP2001507731A (ja) | 2001-06-12 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |