CA2149649C - Process for bleaching of lignocellulose-containing pulp - Google Patents
Process for bleaching of lignocellulose-containing pulp Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2149649C CA2149649C CA002149649A CA2149649A CA2149649C CA 2149649 C CA2149649 C CA 2149649C CA 002149649 A CA002149649 A CA 002149649A CA 2149649 A CA2149649 A CA 2149649A CA 2149649 C CA2149649 C CA 2149649C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- pulp
- bleaching
- hydrogen peroxide
- complexing agent
- peracid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 151
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 150000004967 organic peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 170
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 nitrogenous organic compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009897 hydrogen peroxide bleaching Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 21
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium dithionite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])=O JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229960002163 hydrogen peroxide Drugs 0.000 description 81
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 19
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910021655 trace metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- FHHJDRFHHWUPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N peroxysulfuric acid Chemical compound OOS(O)(=O)=O FHHJDRFHHWUPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis{2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl}glycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(=O)O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001437 manganese ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960003330 pentetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 4
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000004133 Sodium thiosulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- LJGHYPLBDBRCRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3-aminophenyl)sulfonylaniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(S(=O)(=O)C=2C=C(N)C=CC=2)=C1 LJGHYPLBDBRCRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000350052 Daniellia ogea Species 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940000425 combination drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002311 subsequent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
- D21C9/1026—Other features in bleaching processes
- D21C9/1042—Use of chelating agents
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
- D21C9/16—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor with per compounds
- D21C9/166—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor with per compounds with peracids
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE9203584-9 | 1992-11-27 | ||
| SE9203584A SE9203584D0 (sv) | 1992-11-27 | 1992-11-27 | Foerfarande foer blekning av lignocellulosahaltig massa |
| SE9300225-1 | 1993-01-26 | ||
| SE9300225A SE9300225D0 (sv) | 1993-01-26 | 1993-01-26 | Foerfarande foer blekning av lignocellulosahaltig massa |
| PCT/SE1993/001018 WO1994012722A1 (en) | 1992-11-27 | 1993-11-25 | Process for bleaching of lignocellulose-containing pulp |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2149649C true CA2149649C (en) | 2000-09-19 |
Family
ID=26661599
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002149649A Expired - Fee Related CA2149649C (en) | 1992-11-27 | 1993-11-25 | Process for bleaching of lignocellulose-containing pulp |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0670929B2 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPH08503749A (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE141972T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU671337B2 (de) |
| BR (1) | BR9307520A (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2149649C (de) |
| CZ (1) | CZ285246B6 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE69304342T3 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2091121T3 (de) |
| FI (1) | FI118572B (de) |
| MX (1) | MX9307413A (de) |
| NO (1) | NO306737B1 (de) |
| NZ (1) | NZ258273A (de) |
| PL (1) | PL309190A1 (de) |
| RU (1) | RU2097463C1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1994012722A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE1007757A3 (fr) * | 1993-11-10 | 1995-10-17 | Solvay Interox | Procede pour le blanchiment d'une pate a papier chimique. |
| US5656130A (en) * | 1995-04-28 | 1997-08-12 | Union Camp Holding, Inc. | Ambient temperature pulp bleaching with peroxyacid salts |
| USH1690H (en) * | 1995-07-20 | 1997-11-04 | Nye; Jeffrey | Process for bleaching kraft pulp |
| SE9503004L (sv) * | 1995-08-30 | 1997-03-01 | Sunds Defibrator Ind Ab | Blekning av massa |
| DE19704054C2 (de) | 1997-02-04 | 2000-08-10 | Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faserstoffen mit verbesserten Eigenschaften |
| US6702921B2 (en) * | 2001-05-01 | 2004-03-09 | Ondeo Nalco Company | Methods to enhance pulp bleaching and delignification using an organic sulfide chelating agent |
| ES2300713T3 (es) * | 2004-06-14 | 2008-06-16 | Warwick International Group Limited | Activador para el blanqueado de pasta de papel. |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2219505C3 (de) † | 1972-04-21 | 1974-10-17 | Deutsche Gold- Und Silber-Scheideanstalt Vormals Roessler, 6000 Frankfurt | Chlorfreie Mehrstufenbleiche von Zellstoff |
| DE3005947B1 (de) † | 1980-02-16 | 1981-01-29 | Degussa | Verfahren zur Bleiche von Zellstoffen mittels organischer Persaeure |
| JPS5721591A (en) † | 1980-07-11 | 1982-02-04 | Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co | Peroxide bleaching of wood pulp |
| DE69004492T3 (de) * | 1989-06-06 | 2001-11-15 | Eka Nobel Ab, Bohus | Verfahren zum Bleichen von Lignocellulose enthaltenden Zellstoffen. |
| US5091054A (en) * | 1989-08-18 | 1992-02-25 | Degussa Corporation | Process for bleaching and delignification of lignocellulosic |
| BE1004674A3 (fr) * | 1991-03-11 | 1993-01-12 | Interox Internat Sa | Procede pour le blanchiment d'une pate a papier chimique et application de ce procede au blanchiment d'une pate kraft. |
| DE4114135A1 (de) † | 1991-04-30 | 1992-11-05 | Sueddeutsche Kalkstickstoff | Verfahren zur chlorfreien bleiche und delignifizierung von alkalizellstoff |
| ES2120984T3 (es) * | 1991-10-04 | 1998-11-16 | Solvay Interox Inc | Un procedimiento para mejorar la selectividad de la deslignificacion de una pasta papelera quimica. |
| BE1006057A3 (fr) † | 1992-07-06 | 1994-05-03 | Solvay Interox | Procede pour la delignification d'une pate a papier chimique. |
-
1993
- 1993-11-25 MX MX9307413A patent/MX9307413A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-11-25 JP JP6513051A patent/JPH08503749A/ja active Pending
- 1993-11-25 CA CA002149649A patent/CA2149649C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-11-25 WO PCT/SE1993/001018 patent/WO1994012722A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1993-11-25 EP EP94901142A patent/EP0670929B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-11-25 AT AT94901142T patent/ATE141972T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-11-25 DE DE69304342T patent/DE69304342T3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-11-25 BR BR9307520-0A patent/BR9307520A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-11-25 NZ NZ258273A patent/NZ258273A/en unknown
- 1993-11-25 ES ES94901142T patent/ES2091121T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-11-25 AU AU55831/94A patent/AU671337B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1993-11-25 CZ CZ951328A patent/CZ285246B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-11-25 RU RU9595113460A patent/RU2097463C1/ru active
- 1993-11-25 PL PL93309190A patent/PL309190A1/xx unknown
-
1995
- 1995-05-24 FI FI952551A patent/FI118572B/fi active IP Right Grant
- 1995-05-26 NO NO952074A patent/NO306737B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1994012722A1 (en) | 1994-06-09 |
| RU2097463C1 (ru) | 1997-11-27 |
| DE69304342T2 (de) | 1997-03-06 |
| EP0670929B1 (de) | 1996-08-28 |
| FI952551A7 (fi) | 1995-05-24 |
| BR9307520A (pt) | 1999-08-31 |
| FI118572B (fi) | 2007-12-31 |
| AU671337B2 (en) | 1996-08-22 |
| NO306737B1 (no) | 1999-12-13 |
| NO952074D0 (no) | 1995-05-26 |
| NZ258273A (en) | 1996-08-27 |
| CZ285246B6 (cs) | 1999-06-16 |
| MX9307413A (es) | 1994-07-29 |
| EP0670929A1 (de) | 1995-09-13 |
| DE69304342D1 (de) | 1996-10-02 |
| ATE141972T1 (de) | 1996-09-15 |
| NO952074L (no) | 1995-07-26 |
| JPH08503749A (ja) | 1996-04-23 |
| DE69304342T3 (de) | 2004-07-01 |
| CZ132895A3 (en) | 1996-01-17 |
| EP0670929B2 (de) | 2003-10-22 |
| FI952551A0 (fi) | 1995-05-24 |
| PL309190A1 (en) | 1995-09-18 |
| RU95113460A (ru) | 1996-12-27 |
| ES2091121T3 (es) | 1996-10-16 |
| AU5583194A (en) | 1994-06-22 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |