CA1202991A - Playing surfaces sports - Google Patents
Playing surfaces sportsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1202991A CA1202991A CA000426873A CA426873A CA1202991A CA 1202991 A CA1202991 A CA 1202991A CA 000426873 A CA000426873 A CA 000426873A CA 426873 A CA426873 A CA 426873A CA 1202991 A CA1202991 A CA 1202991A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- sheet
- resilient material
- envelopes
- laying
- envelope
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
- E01C13/04—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
- E01C13/045—Pavings made of prefabricated single units the prefabricated single units consisting of or including bitumen, rubber or plastics
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
- E01C13/02—Foundations, e.g. with drainage or heating arrangements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
- E01C13/08—Surfaces simulating grass ; Grass-grown sports grounds
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C3/00—Foundations for pavings
- E01C3/006—Foundations for pavings made of prefabricated single units
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
PLAYING SURFACES FOR SPORTS
A method of constructing a playing surface for sports such as soccer, cricket and tennis comprises the steps of laying at least one flexible water-permeable envelope (4) containing an unbonded base material (5) rising sand, on a drained or water-permeable surface (1), and placing a sheet (9) of a resilient material on to the envelope. In a preferred embodiment, a second sheet (20) of resilient material having different bounce characteristics from the first is placed on the first sheet, and an artificial turf material (10) is laid on top.
PLAYING SURFACES FOR SPORTS
A method of constructing a playing surface for sports such as soccer, cricket and tennis comprises the steps of laying at least one flexible water-permeable envelope (4) containing an unbonded base material (5) rising sand, on a drained or water-permeable surface (1), and placing a sheet (9) of a resilient material on to the envelope. In a preferred embodiment, a second sheet (20) of resilient material having different bounce characteristics from the first is placed on the first sheet, and an artificial turf material (10) is laid on top.
Description
l~Z9.~:3~L
PLAYING SVRFAC~S FOR SPORTS
This invention relates to a method of constructing a playing surface for sports and the like.
Because of the problems ~f maintaining in good condition traditional grass or turf playing surfaces for such sports as soccer, cricket and tennis, especially when the surfaces are subject to frequent use during periods of excessively high or low rainfall, synthetic turfs, typically in the form of a resilient carpet formed from plastics materials such as polypropylene, have been developedO
Synthetic turfs have heretofore been laid in the manner of a carpet, using a resilient underlay placed on a prepared surface such as concrete with suitable drainage. A problem experienced with such playing surfaces is that the playing characteristics of the surfaces are very different from conventional turf, the ball in ball games bouncing faster and rolling differently.
According to the present invention there is provided a method of constructing a playing surface for sports and the like, characterised by the steps of : 0 (A) laying on a drained or water-permeable surface at least one envelope formed of a flexible water-permeable material and containing an unbonded base material comprising sand; and (B) placing on the envelope or envelopes a sheet of a resilient material.
The sheet of resilient material may be formed from rubber particles, such as comminuted used motor vehicle tyres, bonded together with a polymeric material. The thickness of the sheet 30will depend on the game for which the surface is intended and the construction of the underlying envelopes and surface. A
typical thickness would be 6mm.
Alternatively, the sheet of resilient material may comprise dense expanded polyethylene. A combination of the two `;
r3~
types of resilient sheet material may be used, with either the bonded particulate rubber material or the polyethylene material lowermost according to the characteristics of the surface re~uired. ~ synthetic playing surface material, such as a 5 synthetic turf or a carpet material, may be placed on the resilient sheet or sheets, to simulate more closely a turf playing surface. In one embodiment of the invention a synthetic playing surface material itself constitutes the resilients sheet material laid direct on the envelope or envelopes.
Preferably, the thickness of the base material in the envelope or envelopes is in the range oE 12mm to 75mm. The thic~ness chosen will depend upon the characteristics desired.
Preferably, especially for surfaces other ~han for cricket a plurality of envelopes is used, the envelopes fitting together to form a continuous layer, the sheet of resilient material being placed on the continuous layer so formed. The si2es of the envelopes preferably vary from 4m wide x 20m long in areas of less intense wear to 2m wide x 7m long in areas of high 20intensity wear. The or each envelope may be sub-divided by the use of resiliently-compressible strips, e.g. of expanded plastics material, laid on to the lower layer of envelope material.
Suitable ranges of compositions for the base material are 25indicated in the following table TABLF : BASE MATERIAL COMPOSITIONS
Coarse Fine Very Coarse Medium Fine Very Coarse Fine Gravel Gravel Coarse Sand Sand Sand Fine Silt Silt Clay Sand Sand 10mm 5mm 2mm l.Omm 0.5mm 0.250 0.125 0.050 0.020 0.002 to to to to to mm to mm to mm to mm to mm to 5mm 2mm lmm 0.5mm 0.25mm 0.125 0.050 0.020 0.002 less mm mm mm mm Winter 7 17 10 14 40 12 3 ~
Games to to to to to to to ~
Pitches 1 2 4 12 54 24 Cricket - 42 7 19 13 5 2 2 5 5 Tennis - to to to to to to to to to Kick- 28 8 15 26 9 2 2 2 8 about areas ~ ~f~
The characteristics of the base material may alternatively be modified by adding to the sand materials such as plastics foam chips or particles. These envelopes may be formed of pairs of sheets of permeable fab~ic, pinned or glued or 5 otherwise joined together at the edges. Different types of fabric may be used to form the upper and lower layers of the envelope.
The method of the invention produces a playing surface which avoids the maintenarlce requirements of conventional turf lObut which gives playing characteristics much closer to those achieved by conventional turf and which change with weather conditions in a similar manner to conventional turfs, but without the risk of degradation of the surface into mud, or ruts in very dry or very cold weather.
Reference is made to the drawings, in which .
Figure 1 is a sectional view of a playing surface suitable for winter games; and Figures 2 and 3 are sectional views of playing surfaces similar to that shown in Figure 1, but modified to produce 20characteristics suitable for cricket or tennis.
Referring first to Figure 1, the ground 1 upon which the playing surface 2 is to be laid is first prepared, if not already ade~uately drained, by the installation of drainage channels or 3 filled with suitable permeable material and then 251evelled.
Envelopes 4 are prepared from sheets of a permeable glass fibre fabric, filled with the sand base material 5, and folded and pinned at the edges. At joins 6 between adjacent envelopes, the edge 7 of the first envelope 4a is left free of 30sand and is pinned or nailed to the ground using corrosion-resistant nails 8 of suitable length. The second envelope 4b is then positioned over the thin edge portion 7.
The composition of the sand base materials is chosen from the range of compositions set out hereinbefore in the Table, for 35winter games pitches. An underlay 9, comprising a mat of polymer bonded rubber particles, is then laid on top of the .s~
envelopes and suitably secured, e.g. by nails or pins at the edges thereof, and the synthetic turf 10 can then be laid on the underlay 9 in the conventional manner.
The surfaces illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 are modified 5 to suit surnmer games such as cricket or tennis. The sand base material 5 is chosen from a range of compositions in the second part of the Table hereinbefore. In the surface illustrated in Figure 2, the synthetic turf is replaced by a layer 20 of a dense polyethylene foam with a thickness of about 5mm and a 10 density of 175 kg/m3. This layer 20 serves to reduce the degree of bounce of a ball striking the surface, and is in itself known for such applications. In Figure 3, the surface illustrated is identical to that of Figure 2, but has a layer of synthetic turf placed on the foam layer 20.
PLAYING SVRFAC~S FOR SPORTS
This invention relates to a method of constructing a playing surface for sports and the like.
Because of the problems ~f maintaining in good condition traditional grass or turf playing surfaces for such sports as soccer, cricket and tennis, especially when the surfaces are subject to frequent use during periods of excessively high or low rainfall, synthetic turfs, typically in the form of a resilient carpet formed from plastics materials such as polypropylene, have been developedO
Synthetic turfs have heretofore been laid in the manner of a carpet, using a resilient underlay placed on a prepared surface such as concrete with suitable drainage. A problem experienced with such playing surfaces is that the playing characteristics of the surfaces are very different from conventional turf, the ball in ball games bouncing faster and rolling differently.
According to the present invention there is provided a method of constructing a playing surface for sports and the like, characterised by the steps of : 0 (A) laying on a drained or water-permeable surface at least one envelope formed of a flexible water-permeable material and containing an unbonded base material comprising sand; and (B) placing on the envelope or envelopes a sheet of a resilient material.
The sheet of resilient material may be formed from rubber particles, such as comminuted used motor vehicle tyres, bonded together with a polymeric material. The thickness of the sheet 30will depend on the game for which the surface is intended and the construction of the underlying envelopes and surface. A
typical thickness would be 6mm.
Alternatively, the sheet of resilient material may comprise dense expanded polyethylene. A combination of the two `;
r3~
types of resilient sheet material may be used, with either the bonded particulate rubber material or the polyethylene material lowermost according to the characteristics of the surface re~uired. ~ synthetic playing surface material, such as a 5 synthetic turf or a carpet material, may be placed on the resilient sheet or sheets, to simulate more closely a turf playing surface. In one embodiment of the invention a synthetic playing surface material itself constitutes the resilients sheet material laid direct on the envelope or envelopes.
Preferably, the thickness of the base material in the envelope or envelopes is in the range oE 12mm to 75mm. The thic~ness chosen will depend upon the characteristics desired.
Preferably, especially for surfaces other ~han for cricket a plurality of envelopes is used, the envelopes fitting together to form a continuous layer, the sheet of resilient material being placed on the continuous layer so formed. The si2es of the envelopes preferably vary from 4m wide x 20m long in areas of less intense wear to 2m wide x 7m long in areas of high 20intensity wear. The or each envelope may be sub-divided by the use of resiliently-compressible strips, e.g. of expanded plastics material, laid on to the lower layer of envelope material.
Suitable ranges of compositions for the base material are 25indicated in the following table TABLF : BASE MATERIAL COMPOSITIONS
Coarse Fine Very Coarse Medium Fine Very Coarse Fine Gravel Gravel Coarse Sand Sand Sand Fine Silt Silt Clay Sand Sand 10mm 5mm 2mm l.Omm 0.5mm 0.250 0.125 0.050 0.020 0.002 to to to to to mm to mm to mm to mm to mm to 5mm 2mm lmm 0.5mm 0.25mm 0.125 0.050 0.020 0.002 less mm mm mm mm Winter 7 17 10 14 40 12 3 ~
Games to to to to to to to ~
Pitches 1 2 4 12 54 24 Cricket - 42 7 19 13 5 2 2 5 5 Tennis - to to to to to to to to to Kick- 28 8 15 26 9 2 2 2 8 about areas ~ ~f~
The characteristics of the base material may alternatively be modified by adding to the sand materials such as plastics foam chips or particles. These envelopes may be formed of pairs of sheets of permeable fab~ic, pinned or glued or 5 otherwise joined together at the edges. Different types of fabric may be used to form the upper and lower layers of the envelope.
The method of the invention produces a playing surface which avoids the maintenarlce requirements of conventional turf lObut which gives playing characteristics much closer to those achieved by conventional turf and which change with weather conditions in a similar manner to conventional turfs, but without the risk of degradation of the surface into mud, or ruts in very dry or very cold weather.
Reference is made to the drawings, in which .
Figure 1 is a sectional view of a playing surface suitable for winter games; and Figures 2 and 3 are sectional views of playing surfaces similar to that shown in Figure 1, but modified to produce 20characteristics suitable for cricket or tennis.
Referring first to Figure 1, the ground 1 upon which the playing surface 2 is to be laid is first prepared, if not already ade~uately drained, by the installation of drainage channels or 3 filled with suitable permeable material and then 251evelled.
Envelopes 4 are prepared from sheets of a permeable glass fibre fabric, filled with the sand base material 5, and folded and pinned at the edges. At joins 6 between adjacent envelopes, the edge 7 of the first envelope 4a is left free of 30sand and is pinned or nailed to the ground using corrosion-resistant nails 8 of suitable length. The second envelope 4b is then positioned over the thin edge portion 7.
The composition of the sand base materials is chosen from the range of compositions set out hereinbefore in the Table, for 35winter games pitches. An underlay 9, comprising a mat of polymer bonded rubber particles, is then laid on top of the .s~
envelopes and suitably secured, e.g. by nails or pins at the edges thereof, and the synthetic turf 10 can then be laid on the underlay 9 in the conventional manner.
The surfaces illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 are modified 5 to suit surnmer games such as cricket or tennis. The sand base material 5 is chosen from a range of compositions in the second part of the Table hereinbefore. In the surface illustrated in Figure 2, the synthetic turf is replaced by a layer 20 of a dense polyethylene foam with a thickness of about 5mm and a 10 density of 175 kg/m3. This layer 20 serves to reduce the degree of bounce of a ball striking the surface, and is in itself known for such applications. In Figure 3, the surface illustrated is identical to that of Figure 2, but has a layer of synthetic turf placed on the foam layer 20.
Claims (14)
1. A method of constructing a playing surface for sports and the like, characterised by the steps of:
(A) laying on a drained or water-permeable surface at least one envelope formed of a flexible water-permeable material and containing an unbonded base material comprising sand; and (B) placing on to said envelope or envelopes a sheet of a resilient material.
(A) laying on a drained or water-permeable surface at least one envelope formed of a flexible water-permeable material and containing an unbonded base material comprising sand; and (B) placing on to said envelope or envelopes a sheet of a resilient material.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein step (A) comprises laying a plurality of said envelopes so that the envelopes butt together to form a continuous layer.
3. A method according to claim 1, wherein said sheet of resilient material is formed from rubber particles bonded together.
4. A method according to claim 1, wherein said sheet of resilient material comprises dense expanded polyethylene.
5. A method according to claim 1, comprising placing a second sheet of resilient material on said sheet of resilient material, said second sheet having a different stiffness and/or resilience from the first.
6. A method according to claim 5, comprising laying on to said second sheet of resilient material a synthetic playing surface material.
7. A method according to claim 5, comprising laying on to said second sheet of resilient material a synthetic turf material.
8. A method according to claim 1, comprising laying on to said resilient material a synthetic playing surfaee.
9. A method aeeording to elaim 1 eomprising laying on to said resilient material a synthetie turf material.
10. A method aeeording to elaim 1, wherein the thiekness of said base material in the envelope or envelopes is from 12 mm to 75 mm.
11. A method aecording to elaim 1, wherein the sizes of the envelopes are from 2 m wide and 7 m long to 4m wide and 20 m long.
12. A method aeeording to elaim 1, wherein said base material also eontains gravel.
13. A method aeeording to claim 12, wherein said base material also eontains elay.
14. A method according to claim 1, wherein said base material also contains elay.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8212124 | 1982-04-27 | ||
| GB8212124 | 1982-04-27 | ||
| GB8220789 | 1982-07-17 | ||
| GB8220789 | 1982-07-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1202991A true CA1202991A (en) | 1986-04-08 |
Family
ID=26282653
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000426873A Expired CA1202991A (en) | 1982-04-27 | 1983-04-27 | Playing surfaces sports |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0093008B1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU559949B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1202991A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3360770D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES521856A0 (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ203964A (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8709054D0 (en) * | 1987-04-15 | 1987-05-20 | Cambridge Soil Services Ltd | Artificial playing surface |
| WO1989001076A1 (en) * | 1987-07-23 | 1989-02-09 | Noel Peter John Mogford | Turf surfaces |
| AU660100B2 (en) * | 1992-07-21 | 1995-06-08 | Hockey Albury-Wodonga Incorporated | Synthetic surface |
| GB2308569A (en) * | 1995-12-23 | 1997-07-02 | Rawson Carpets Ltd | Sporting surface |
| GB2311730B (en) * | 1996-04-04 | 1999-07-07 | Peter Dury | Synthetic turf cricket pitch |
| GB2396117B (en) * | 2002-12-14 | 2006-06-28 | Nottinghamshire Sports And Saf | Improvements relating to the construction of playing surfaces |
| PL1767697T3 (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2009-06-30 | Mondo Spa | Flooring material, methods for producing and laying same |
| NL2008291C2 (en) | 2011-07-13 | 2013-05-08 | Desso Sports Systems N V | SUPPORT FOR AN ARTIFICIAL GRASS FIELD. |
| NL2014271B1 (en) | 2015-02-10 | 2016-10-13 | Desso Sports B V | Substructure for an artificial grass field. |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL6513549A (en) * | 1965-10-20 | 1967-04-21 | ||
| US3418897A (en) * | 1967-06-12 | 1968-12-31 | Robert A.R. Humalainen | Artificial playing surface |
| NL7013084A (en) * | 1970-09-03 | 1972-03-07 | ||
| US4007307A (en) * | 1970-10-17 | 1977-02-08 | J. F. Adolff Ag | Artificial lawn |
| BE775042A (en) * | 1970-11-09 | 1972-05-06 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | ELASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR THE COATING OF ATHLETICS TRACKS |
| FR2318285A1 (en) * | 1975-07-18 | 1977-02-11 | Fries Gustave | Insulated concrete floor block - has lower structural concrete base with insulating layer and top layer of concrete screed |
| US4044179A (en) * | 1975-11-18 | 1977-08-23 | Mod-Sod Sport Surfaces | Playing surface for athletic games |
| DE2710578A1 (en) * | 1977-03-11 | 1978-09-14 | Lothar Bestmann | Elastic red gravel sports area or path - comprises elastic layer and covering mat below red gravel coating |
| DE7720993U1 (en) * | 1977-07-05 | 1977-10-20 | Fa. Carl Freudenberg, 6940 Weinheim | Self-laying base plate |
| DE2819252C2 (en) * | 1978-05-02 | 1984-08-23 | Schmidt, Bernhard L., New York, N.Y. | Ceiling for sports and play facilities |
| BE873556A (en) * | 1979-01-18 | 1979-07-18 | Verbeeck Pierre | DEVICE FOR REINFORCING AND / OR SUPPORTING MOVABLE MASSES AND PROCEDURE FOR REALIZING IT |
| FR2461063A1 (en) * | 1979-07-13 | 1981-01-30 | Chevreau Claude | Universal artificial sports ground floor - has textile layer between top and water deflecting layers |
| DE8112126U1 (en) * | 1981-04-23 | 1982-10-07 | J.F. Adolff Ag, 7150 Backnang | Mat, especially as a sub-layer for an artificial lawn |
-
1983
- 1983-04-21 NZ NZ20396483A patent/NZ203964A/en unknown
- 1983-04-25 EP EP19830302330 patent/EP0093008B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-04-25 DE DE8383302330T patent/DE3360770D1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-04-26 ES ES521856A patent/ES521856A0/en active Granted
- 1983-04-26 AU AU13928/83A patent/AU559949B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1983-04-27 CA CA000426873A patent/CA1202991A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU559949B2 (en) | 1987-03-26 |
| ES8403999A1 (en) | 1984-04-01 |
| EP0093008B1 (en) | 1985-09-11 |
| NZ203964A (en) | 1985-04-30 |
| EP0093008A1 (en) | 1983-11-02 |
| AU1392883A (en) | 1983-11-03 |
| ES521856A0 (en) | 1984-04-01 |
| DE3360770D1 (en) | 1985-10-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |