GB2308569A - Sporting surface - Google Patents
Sporting surface Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2308569A GB2308569A GB9526521A GB9526521A GB2308569A GB 2308569 A GB2308569 A GB 2308569A GB 9526521 A GB9526521 A GB 9526521A GB 9526521 A GB9526521 A GB 9526521A GB 2308569 A GB2308569 A GB 2308569A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- assembly
- layer
- fibres
- cricket
- different
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
- A63C19/00—Design or layout of playing courts, rinks, bowling greens or areas for water-skiing; Covers therefor
- A63C19/04—Mats or carpets for courts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/06—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/28—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer impregnated with or embedded in a plastic substance
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
- E01C13/04—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
- E01C13/045—Pavings made of prefabricated single units the prefabricated single units consisting of or including bitumen, rubber or plastics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/14—Mixture of at least two fibres made of different materials
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Description
8PORTING 8URFACE The present invention relates to a cricket pitch assembly, a method of using a cricket pitch assembly and a method of making a cricket pitch assembly.
According to a first aspect of the present invention a cricket pitch assembly includes a first side and a second, opposed side in which either of the first or second sides can be presented to be upwardly facing and in which the reaction of the assembly to a ball bouncing off the first side is arranged to be different to the reaction of the assembly to a ball bouncing off the second side.
Such a pitch allows considerable versatility for players practising cricket as it allows both seam bowlers and spin bowlers, for instance, to be able to select the side of the assembly that they wish to use in order to better perfect their art.
When one side is facing upwardly the assembly may provide a greater reaction to the seam of a cricket ball than is provided by the other surface. Alternatively or additionally when one side is facing upwardly that side may provide a better reaction to the spin of a cricket ball than is provided by the other side.
The assembly may include a first layer and a second layer. The first and second layers may be adjacent to each other or connected to each other, for instance by needling. The needling may be arranged to occur through one side of the assembly only. The first and second layers may be arranged to be connected together by a binding agent. The binding agent may be applied through one side only of the assembled layers. Alternatively both sides of the assembled layers may have a binding agent applied therethrough. The binding agent applied through opposed sides of the assembled layers may be arranged to meet within the assembly. Different binding agents may be applied through different sides of the assembly. The binding agent or agents may comprise a polymer.
The first layer may comprise needled fibres, for instance of between 50 to 140 mm in length or in the region of 90 mm in length. The first layer may include two different fibres which fibres may have a different denier, or a difference in density or a difference in composition. The fibres may comprise polyester fibres.
The second layer may have the same characterising features as the first layer.
The first or, alternatively or additionally, the second layers may be needled from one side only. The first layer may be needled from both sides.
The present invention also includes a method of using a cricket pitch assembly comprising presenting a first side of the assembly to face upwardly and using that assembly to achieve a first type of reaction to a cricket ball bouncing off the assembly and then turning the cricket pitch assembly over to cause the opposite side to face upwardly with the new side that is facing upwardly providing a different reaction to a ball bouncing off the surface to that provided previously.
The present invention includes a method of using a cricket pitch assembly substantially as herein described.
The present invention also includes a method of making a cricket pitch assembly comprising forming the assembly such that when a first surface of the assembly faces upwardly the reaction of the assembly to a ball bouncing off the first surface is different to the reaction of a ball bouncing off the opposed surface of the assembly.
The present invention also includes a method of making a cricket pitch assembly when the assembly is as herein described.
The present invention includes any combination of the herein referred to features or limitations.
The present invention may be carried into practice in various ways but several embodiments will now be described by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:
Figure 1 is a cross-section through two layers 10 and 11 that comprise the pitch.
Each of the layers 10 and 11 is formed from a blend of fibre such as polyester fibres that may comprise polyester fibres approximately 90 mm long.
The layer 10 is formed by carding the blend of fibres and then cross layering the carded fibres or forming a cross laid matrix of carded fibres. The layer 10 is then passed through a first needle loom that needles the layer almost, but not quite to the complete depth of the layer to further interconnect the fibres in the layer and to compact or densify that layer and to form cross laid loops. The layer is then almost immediately turned over and needled in from the opposite side in the same manner for the same purpose to produce a nap effect on the side which will become the playing surface. Alternatively one or both needling steps may cause fibres to be taken beyond the depth of the layer. The density of the first layer may be 0.231 gm/cc of a thickness of 1.3 mm.
The needling from the first side may be of a depth of 11 mm at a density of 60 punches/cm2 and the needling from the second side may be of a depth of 9 mm at a density of 80 punches/cm2
The layer 11 is formed from a different blend of fibres having a different denier to those of the first layer but the second layer 11 may only be needled from one side. The needling of the second layer may be to a depth of 11 mm at a density of 60 punches/cm2. If the opposed side of the second side is needled that may be to a depth of 6 mm at a density of 84 punches/cm2. The thickness of the second layer may be 5.2 mm of a density of 0.115 gm/cc.
The layer 10 may be made from a mixture of polypropylene staple fibres 15 denier and polyamide fibres 15 both 90 mm staple length.
The layer 11 may be made from a mixture of coarse and fine polypropylene staple fibre comprising 70% coarse fibres (90 denier 90 mm staple length) and 30% 15 denier 90 mm staple length.
The two layers are then laid one on top of the other with the surface of the layer 11 through which the needles have passed being against the surface of the layer 10.
The layers are then needled part of the way through the two layers and may be needled almost all of the way through by needles passing into the assembly through the layer 11. This needling connects the layers and also further compacts the assembly. Alternatively the two layers may be needled together from the opposite side.
A first polymer, which may be a styrene butadiene copolymer consisting of at least 60% styrene content, is then applied to the assembly from the surface 12, for instance by passing the assembly through a narrowed doctor blade such that the polymer penetrates the fibres in the assembly to a depth a little over half way through the assembly. Then the assembly is turned over and a different polymer, which may be butadiene acrylonitrile copolymer consisting of at least 25% acrylonitrile, is applied to the surface 13 in the same way such that the different polymers meet and, being compatible, merge in a middle region of the assembly at least.
The polymers serve to bind the fibres together and also coat the fibres and enhance the performance of the pitch as will be described below.
If desired, only one polymer need be used and that polymer may be applied from one side only. Alternatively or additionally the or each application of polymer may cause the polymer to be applied throughout the complete depth of the assembly.
The assembly is now ready to be used as a cricket pitch.
When the surfaces 12 is uppermost a seaming pitch is provided and cricket balls that are bowled down the pitch, when then bounce against the surface, tend to turn according to the angle of the seam against the pitch.
Alternatively the surface 13 can be presented uppermost by rolling up the pitch and then unrolling it again to present the other surface 13 as the surface of the pitch. The surface 13, when hit by a spinning ball, will cause the ball to turn in the direction of spin.
It will be appreciated that both surfaces will be able to take some nspin" or some "seam". However the assembly is designed to allow for each surface to have very different characteristics for each type of ball movement.
The pitch may be 15 x 2.5 m or 30 x 2.5 m or 30 x 2.64 m, for instance. A visual indication of the type of surface that is uppermost may be provided, for instance by making one surface light green and the other dark green. The difference in colour may be provided by the colour of the fibres in each layer or by the colour of the polymers or both.
The different effect on the balls may be due to the different hysteresis recovery from dynamic loading applied by each surface and the assembly or by the different friction provided by the different surfaces or by a combination thereof.
The reader's attention is directed to all papers and documents which are filed concurrently with or previous to this specification in connection with this application and which are open to public inspection with this specification, and the contents of all such papers and documents are incorporated herein by reference.
All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and/or all of the steps of any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or steps are mutually exclusive.
Each feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. Thus, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
The invention is not restricted to the details of the foregoing embodiment(s). The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), or to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of any method or process so disclosed.
Claims (33)
1. A cricket pitch assembly including a first side and a second, opposed side in which either of the first or second sides can be presented to be upwardly facing and in which the reaction of the assembly to a ball bouncing off the first side is arranged to be different to the reaction of the assembly to a ball bouncing off the second side.
2. An assembly as claimed in Claim 1 in which, when one side is facing upwardly, the assembly may provide a greater reaction to the seam of a cricket ball than is provided by the other side.
3. An assembly as claimed in Claim 1 or 2 in which, when one side is facing upwardly, that side provides a better reaction to the spin of a cricket ball than is provided by the other side.
4. An assembly as claimed in any preceding claim including a first layer and a second layer.
5. An assembly as claimed in Claim 4 in which the first and second layers are adjacent to each other.
6. An assembly as claimed in Claim 4 or 5 in which the first and second layers are connected to each other.
7. An assembly as claimed in Claim 6 in which the first and second layers are connected to each other by needling.
8. An assembly as claimed in Claim 7 in which the needling is arranged to occur through one side of the assembly only.
9. An assembly as claimed in any of Claims 4 to 8 in which the first and second layers are arranged to be connected together by a binding agent.
10. An assembly as claimed in Claim 9 in which the binding agent is applied through one side only of the assembled layers.
11. An assembly as claimed in Claim 10 in which both sides of the assembled layers have a binding agent applied therethrough.
12. An assembly as claimed in Claim 11 in which the binding agent that is applied through opposed sides of the assembled layers is arranged to meet within the assembly.
13. An assembly as claimed in Claim 11 or 12 in which different binding agents are arranged to be applied through different sides of the assembly.
14. An assembly as claimed in any of Claims 9 to 13 in which the binding agent or agents comprise a polymer.
15. An assembly as claimed in Claim 4 or any other claim when dependent on Claim 4 in which the first layer comprises needled fibres.
16. An assembly as claimed in Claim 15 in which the fibres are between 50 to 140 mm in length.
17. An assembly as claimed in Claim 16 in which the fibres are in the region of 90 mm in length.
18. An assembly as claimed in any of Claims 15 to 17 in which the first layer includes two different fibres.
19. An assembly as claimed in Claim 18 in which the fibres have a different denier.
20. An assembly as claimed in Claim 18 or 19 in which the two different fibres differ in density.
21. An assembly as claimed in any of Claims 18 to 20 in which the two different fibres have a difference in composition.
22. An assembly as claimed in any of Claims 15 to 21 in which the fibres comprise polyester fibres.
23. An assembly as claimed in any of Claims 15 to 17 in which the second layer has the same features as the first layer.
24. An assembly as claimed in Claim 4 or any of the other claims when dependent upon Claim 4 in which the first layer is needled from one side only.
25. An assembly as claimed in Claim 4 or any other claim when dependent upon Claim 4 in which the second layer is needled from one side only.
26. An assembly as claimed in Claim 4 or any of Claims 5 to 25 when dependent upon Claim 4 in which the first layer is needled from both sides.
27. A cricket pitch assembly substantially as herein described with reference to, and as shown in the accompanying drawing.
28. A method of using a cricket pitch assembly comprising presenting a first side of the assembly to face upwardly and using that assembly to achieve a first type of reaction to a cricket ball bouncing off the assembly and then turning the cricket pitch assembly over to cause the opposite side to face upwardly with the new side that is facing upwardly providing a different reaction to a ball bouncing off the surface to that provided previously.
29. A method of using a cricket pitch assembly substantially as herein described with reference to, and as shown in Figure 1.
30. A method of using a cricket pitch assembly as claimed in Claim 29 or 30 when the cricket pitch assembly is as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 28.
31. A method of making a cricket pitch assembly comprising forming the assembly such that when a first surface of the assembly faces upwardly the reaction of the assembly to a ball bouncing off the first surface is different to the reaction of a ball bouncing off the opposed surface of the assembly.
32. A method of making a cricket pitch assembly substantially as herein described, with reference to, and as shown in Figure 1.
33. A method of making a cricket pitch assembly when the assembly is as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 28.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9526521A GB2308569A (en) | 1995-12-23 | 1995-12-23 | Sporting surface |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9526521A GB2308569A (en) | 1995-12-23 | 1995-12-23 | Sporting surface |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9526521D0 GB9526521D0 (en) | 1996-02-28 |
| GB2308569A true GB2308569A (en) | 1997-07-02 |
Family
ID=10786074
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9526521A Withdrawn GB2308569A (en) | 1995-12-23 | 1995-12-23 | Sporting surface |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2308569A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2239024A3 (en) * | 2009-04-08 | 2012-11-14 | Gummiwerk Kraiburg Relastec GmbH | Impact-absorbing floor lining, in particular for play areas or sport facilities |
| WO2014032102A1 (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2014-03-06 | Alltex Specialty Products Pty Ltd | Artificial sports surface |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0093008A1 (en) * | 1982-04-27 | 1983-11-02 | Nottinghamshire County Council | Playing surfaces for sports |
| GB2135631A (en) * | 1982-12-21 | 1984-09-05 | Nottingham County Council | Sports playing surface |
-
1995
- 1995-12-23 GB GB9526521A patent/GB2308569A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0093008A1 (en) * | 1982-04-27 | 1983-11-02 | Nottinghamshire County Council | Playing surfaces for sports |
| GB2135631A (en) * | 1982-12-21 | 1984-09-05 | Nottingham County Council | Sports playing surface |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2239024A3 (en) * | 2009-04-08 | 2012-11-14 | Gummiwerk Kraiburg Relastec GmbH | Impact-absorbing floor lining, in particular for play areas or sport facilities |
| WO2014032102A1 (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2014-03-06 | Alltex Specialty Products Pty Ltd | Artificial sports surface |
| GB2519471A (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2015-04-22 | Alltex Speciality Products Pty Ltd | Artificial sports surface |
| CN104603364A (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2015-05-06 | 奥泰克斯专业产品私人有限公司 | Artificial sports surface |
| US9309630B2 (en) | 2012-08-30 | 2016-04-12 | Alltex Specialty Products Pty Ltd | Artificial sports surface |
| CN104603364B (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2017-01-18 | 奥泰克斯专业产品私人有限公司 | Artificial sports surface |
| AU2013308397B2 (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2017-08-31 | Alltex Specialty Products Pty Ltd | Artificial sports surface |
| GB2519471B (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2020-01-01 | Alltex Speciality Products Pty Ltd | Artificial sports surface |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9526521D0 (en) | 1996-02-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |