CA1182626A - Additif detergent-dispersant suralcalinise pour huiles lubrifiantes - Google Patents
Additif detergent-dispersant suralcalinise pour huiles lubrifiantesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1182626A CA1182626A CA000431108A CA431108A CA1182626A CA 1182626 A CA1182626 A CA 1182626A CA 000431108 A CA000431108 A CA 000431108A CA 431108 A CA431108 A CA 431108A CA 1182626 A CA1182626 A CA 1182626A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- moles
- amount
- amine
- alkylphenol
- ratio
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 24
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000012254 magnesium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 amino-6 hexyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000212342 Sium Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003916 ethylene diamine group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- CYEJMVLDXAUOPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O CYEJMVLDXAUOPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229940012017 ethylenediamine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000062793 Sorghum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Ca] ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PXJJSXABGXMUSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur dichloride Chemical compound ClSSCl PXJJSXABGXMUSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019713 millet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003017 phosphorus Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M159/12—Reaction products
- C10M159/20—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
- C10M159/24—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products containing sulfonic radicals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M159/12—Reaction products
- C10M159/20—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
- C10M159/22—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products containing phenol radicals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/028—Overbased salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/26—Overbased carboxylic acid salts
- C10M2207/262—Overbased carboxylic acid salts derived from hydroxy substituted aromatic acids, e.g. salicylates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/046—Overbased sulfonic acid salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
- C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2219/087—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
- C10M2219/089—Overbased salts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8211058A FR2529224B1 (fr) | 1982-06-24 | 1982-06-24 | Nouvel additif detergent-dispersant suralcalinise pour huiles lubrifiantes |
| FR82.11058 | 1982-06-24 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1182626A true CA1182626A (fr) | 1985-02-19 |
Family
ID=9275355
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000431108A Expired CA1182626A (fr) | 1982-06-24 | 1983-06-23 | Additif detergent-dispersant suralcalinise pour huiles lubrifiantes |
Country Status (17)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4464289A (https=) |
| EP (1) | EP0102254B1 (https=) |
| JP (1) | JPS6025078B2 (https=) |
| AT (1) | ATE24545T1 (https=) |
| AU (1) | AU559590B2 (https=) |
| BR (1) | BR8303302A (https=) |
| CA (1) | CA1182626A (https=) |
| DE (1) | DE3368679D1 (https=) |
| DK (1) | DK289783A (https=) |
| EG (1) | EG15959A (https=) |
| ES (1) | ES8403962A1 (https=) |
| FR (1) | FR2529224B1 (https=) |
| GB (1) | GB2123021B (https=) |
| GR (1) | GR78594B (https=) |
| PH (1) | PH19613A (https=) |
| PT (1) | PT76928B (https=) |
| ZA (1) | ZA834556B (https=) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2564830B1 (fr) * | 1984-05-25 | 1986-09-19 | Orogil | Procede de preparation d'alkylaryl sulfonates de metaux alcalino-terreux a partir d'acides alkylaryl sulfoniques lineaires et additifs detergents-dispersants pour huiles lubrifiantes ainsi obtenus |
| FR2588269B1 (fr) * | 1985-10-03 | 1988-02-05 | Elf France | Procede de preparation d'additifs surbases tres fluides et a basicite elevee et composition contenant lesdits additifs |
| JPS6281291U (https=) * | 1985-11-08 | 1987-05-23 | ||
| DE3708339A1 (de) * | 1987-03-14 | 1988-09-22 | Wintershall Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von basischen magnesiumdialkylbenzolsulfonaten |
| US5032299A (en) * | 1987-07-30 | 1991-07-16 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Magnesium overbasing process |
| US4775490A (en) * | 1987-07-30 | 1988-10-04 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Magnesium overbasing process |
| GB8723909D0 (en) * | 1987-10-12 | 1987-11-18 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc | Lubricant oil additive |
| JPH0398821A (ja) * | 1989-09-01 | 1991-04-24 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 薬剤供給器 |
| GB9611424D0 (en) * | 1996-05-31 | 1996-08-07 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc | Overbased metal-containing detergents |
| US5759966A (en) * | 1996-10-01 | 1998-06-02 | Chevron Chemical Company | High overbased metal sulfurized alkyphenates |
| US7084092B2 (en) * | 2003-08-25 | 2006-08-01 | M-I L.L.C. | Shale hydration inhibition agent and method of use |
| US20080139430A1 (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-12 | Lam William Y | Additives and lubricant formulations for improved antiwear properties |
Family Cites Families (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3282835A (en) * | 1963-02-12 | 1966-11-01 | Lubrizol Corp | Carbonated bright stock sulfonates and lubricants containing them |
| GB1144084A (en) * | 1966-08-24 | 1969-03-05 | Orobis Ltd | Improvements in or relating to lubricant additives |
| US3464970A (en) * | 1967-03-13 | 1969-09-02 | Maruzen Oil Co Ltd | Process for preparing over-based sulfurized calcium phenates |
| GB1280749A (en) * | 1970-06-18 | 1972-07-05 | Maruzen Oil Company Ltd | Process for preparation of over-based sulphurized phenates |
| GB1399092A (en) * | 1971-05-27 | 1975-06-25 | Cooper & Co Ltd Edwin | Lubricant additives |
| US3936480A (en) * | 1971-07-08 | 1976-02-03 | Rhone-Progil | Additives for improving the dispersing properties of lubricating oil |
| BE786032A (fr) * | 1971-07-08 | 1973-01-08 | Rhone Progil | Nouveaux additifs pour huiles lubrifiantes |
| GB1470338A (en) * | 1974-05-17 | 1977-04-14 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Lubricating oil compositions |
| GB1469289A (en) * | 1974-07-05 | 1977-04-06 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Detergent additives |
| FR2300793A1 (fr) * | 1975-02-17 | 1976-09-10 | Orogil | Nouvelles compositions lubrifiantes |
| US4016093A (en) * | 1976-03-19 | 1977-04-05 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Metal alkylphenate sulfides of reduced corrosiveness and method of preparing same |
| FR2416942A1 (fr) * | 1978-02-08 | 1979-09-07 | Orogil | Procede de preparation de detergents-dispersants de haute alcalinite pour huiles lubrifiantes |
| US4222882A (en) * | 1978-02-08 | 1980-09-16 | Rhone-Poulenc Industries | Polymers bearing groups derived from N-substituted lactams and their use as lubricating oil additives |
| US4229308A (en) * | 1978-02-08 | 1980-10-21 | Rhone-Poulenc Industries | Polymer lubricating oil additives bearing nitrogen groups and their use as additives for lubricating oils |
| FR2429832A1 (fr) * | 1978-06-26 | 1980-01-25 | Orogil | Procede perfectionne de preparation d'additifs detergents-dispersants, metalliques de haute alcalinite notamment pour huiles lubrifiantes |
| FR2429831A2 (fr) * | 1978-06-26 | 1980-01-25 | Orogil | Nouveau procede de preparation de detergents-dispersants de haute alcalinite pour huiles lubrifiantes |
| FR2450868A1 (fr) * | 1979-03-09 | 1980-10-03 | Orogil | Procede de preparation d'alkylphenates de magnesium et application des produits obtenus comme additifs detergents-dispersants pour huiles lubrifiantes |
-
1982
- 1982-06-24 FR FR8211058A patent/FR2529224B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1983
- 1983-06-17 EP EP83401254A patent/EP0102254B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1983-06-17 AT AT83401254T patent/ATE24545T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-06-17 DE DE8383401254T patent/DE3368679D1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-06-22 EG EG383/83A patent/EG15959A/xx active
- 1983-06-22 GR GR71753A patent/GR78594B/el unknown
- 1983-06-22 ZA ZA834556A patent/ZA834556B/xx unknown
- 1983-06-22 BR BR8303302A patent/BR8303302A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-06-22 US US06/506,775 patent/US4464289A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1983-06-22 AU AU16126/83A patent/AU559590B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1983-06-23 GB GB08317021A patent/GB2123021B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-06-23 CA CA000431108A patent/CA1182626A/fr not_active Expired
- 1983-06-23 ES ES523538A patent/ES8403962A1/es not_active Expired
- 1983-06-23 DK DK289783A patent/DK289783A/da unknown
- 1983-06-23 PT PT76928A patent/PT76928B/pt unknown
- 1983-06-24 PH PH29118A patent/PH19613A/en unknown
- 1983-06-24 JP JP58112998A patent/JPS6025078B2/ja not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GR78594B (https=) | 1984-09-27 |
| GB2123021B (en) | 1985-06-05 |
| EP0102254B1 (fr) | 1986-12-30 |
| FR2529224A1 (fr) | 1983-12-30 |
| ZA834556B (en) | 1984-03-28 |
| DK289783D0 (da) | 1983-06-23 |
| EG15959A (en) | 1987-07-30 |
| PT76928A (fr) | 1983-07-01 |
| GB8317021D0 (en) | 1983-07-27 |
| DE3368679D1 (en) | 1987-02-05 |
| JPS5951997A (ja) | 1984-03-26 |
| ES523538A0 (es) | 1984-04-01 |
| FR2529224B1 (fr) | 1986-02-07 |
| AU1612683A (en) | 1984-01-05 |
| DK289783A (da) | 1983-12-25 |
| AU559590B2 (en) | 1987-03-12 |
| BR8303302A (pt) | 1984-02-07 |
| ES8403962A1 (es) | 1984-04-01 |
| EP0102254A1 (fr) | 1984-03-07 |
| US4464289A (en) | 1984-08-07 |
| JPS6025078B2 (ja) | 1985-06-15 |
| PH19613A (en) | 1986-05-30 |
| PT76928B (fr) | 1986-01-24 |
| GB2123021A (en) | 1984-01-25 |
| ATE24545T1 (de) | 1987-01-15 |
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