CA1110487A - Animal feed-stuff - Google Patents
Animal feed-stuffInfo
- Publication number
- CA1110487A CA1110487A CA295,809A CA295809A CA1110487A CA 1110487 A CA1110487 A CA 1110487A CA 295809 A CA295809 A CA 295809A CA 1110487 A CA1110487 A CA 1110487A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- yeast
- residue
- stuff
- weight
- feed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
- A23K10/38—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material from distillers' or brewers' waste
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE:
An animal feed-stuff is prepared by mixing a residue obtained after extractive treatment of plant material, with inactivated brewers' yeast and other additives. According to the invention, the cells of brewers' yeast are ruptured by hydrolysis and mixed in a wet state with the residue obtained after extractive treatment of plant material, with a nutritional supplement, and with a siloing preservative. The invention is particularly suited to the treatment of brewer's draff since the yeast can be mixed therewith in a brewery. The enriched draff-based porducts thus obtained are suitable for direct feeding to animals, and particularly because of the presence of the yeast they find high acceptability together with a good nutritional balance.
An animal feed-stuff is prepared by mixing a residue obtained after extractive treatment of plant material, with inactivated brewers' yeast and other additives. According to the invention, the cells of brewers' yeast are ruptured by hydrolysis and mixed in a wet state with the residue obtained after extractive treatment of plant material, with a nutritional supplement, and with a siloing preservative. The invention is particularly suited to the treatment of brewer's draff since the yeast can be mixed therewith in a brewery. The enriched draff-based porducts thus obtained are suitable for direct feeding to animals, and particularly because of the presence of the yeast they find high acceptability together with a good nutritional balance.
Description
The present invention relates to a method of preparing an animal feed-stufE, and to the feed-stuffs prepared by the method. In particular, the present invention relates to a method by which food by-produc-ts can be nutrionally enriched such that they are better suited for feeclin~ to cat-tle and other livestock.
It is conventional to use certain by-products of the food industry for feeding cattle. In most instances, the by pro-ducts are used as they are by local stock-breeders. Examples of such by-products include beet pulp and brewing draffs.
These and the other by-products which are fed to animals com-prise the~ re~sidues obta;inecl aEter extractive treatment Oe p:lant mater;ial~ the e~t~a~tions ~yplcally cornprising a ferrnentation proce~ or heat treatment in water followed by filtration. ~s such, the typical by-products initially contain a relatively high percentage of water (at least 80 ~ by weight) together with degraded components (sugar, starch). The by-products are thus low in nutritional value and difficult to preserve.
Dehydration of food by-products has been used in an attempt to obtain feed-stuffs which are less susceptible to bacterioloyical or other spoilation. Elowever, a dispropor-tion~ltely large amount of energy is recluired to obtain the dehydrated material, and moreover the nutritional value of -the ;~
by-product is not improved by dehydration. To the contrary~ -better results have been obtained with bovines when using the -water-laden by-products.
Particularly with the utilization of brewing draffs, it is to be noted that the distribution of livestock such as bovines in a given country seldom matches the distribution of the source of by-product (i.e. brewers in the case of brewers' draEf). Moreover, it is frequently the case that there is no .q.~
direct correlation between the production of the by-products and the demand for the by-product for feeding animals. For example, brewers draffs are produced at a higher rate in the summer, which is the period when cattle are turned out to grass.
Furthermore, most cattle food factories are not designed for using raw materials which contain more than lO to 15 ~ of free water, such as brewery by-products.
According to the present invention, there is provided a method of preparing an animal feed-stuff by mixing a residue obtained after extractive treatment of plant material, with inactivated brewers' yeast and other additives, in which method the cells of brewers' yeast are ruptured by hydrolysis and mixecl in a wet state with the residue obtalned a~ter extractive tr~tment o~ plant material, with a nutritional ~llpplerllerlt, and with a siloiny preservative.
By this method it is possible to treat brewers' draffs or other food by-products as they are discharged after filtra-tion. The bY-products can be treated on site, enriched with the ruptured yeast cells and preserved.
The present invention is particularly suited to the treat-ment oE brewers' draE~ since the ye~ast can be mixecl therewith in a brewery. ~lowever~ the method now provicled can be used Eor other post-extraction plant residues, for example beet pulp, a forage-plant cake such as a lucern cake, a fruit pulp, grape pulp or marc. Advantageously, where the residue is other than brewers' draff, -the yeast is mixed with the residue a-t the site where the residue is produced.
Preferred features of the present invention will now be described for the utilization of brewers' draff; the following disclosure can equally be applied to the utilization of other food by-products obtained after extractive treatment of plant ~ 2 -,, material~ With other by-prc~ducts the skilled man will have no difficulty in adapting the following to enable him to obtain a well balanced animal feed-stuff suited for feeding livestock.
According to the conventional procedures, brewers' draffs are discharged from a filter with a moisture content averaging 85 % by weight and with a temperature of about 40C. Part of the water, typically 10 to 15 % by weight of the by-product, is excess or free water which may easily be removed by a mechanical procedure such as centriEugation, calendering or pressing, or by a thermal treatment. On the other hand, part of the water is intimately bound with the vegetable material and should not be removed; tne removal of bound water ls d;iEEicu~lt and leads to a procluct which .i5 1eS5 easiLy a~imilated. rilhe rcmoval o~
thc ~ree water will u~ually increase the dry extract content of the drafEs from 20 to 33 by weight.
The draffs obtained after the optional removal of free water are then enriched with brewers' yeast. In a brewery, most of the yeast is separated by centriEugation and any residual yeast in the mash-tub juices is removed by flowing the juices through diatom filters. The yeast employed by the present invention is preferably the concentrated yeast obtainecl Erom the centrifugation~ although it is possible to use the diatom yeast cakes. Prior to rupturin~, the yeast can be stored at a low temperature. It is then ruptured by hydrolysis: the j hydrolysate can be mixed as an aqueous phase with the draff and the water Eiltered off. In this latter respect, it is particularly preEerred to charge a filter with the draff and pass the aqueous phase containing the hydrolysate once or twice through the draff until most of the yeast has been taken up by the draff. ~s such, the waste water produced is not strongly polluting.
~ 3 -. .....
$~
The mixing of the ruptured yeast cells with the draf~ adds proteinic and cellulosic components to the draEE, and thereby enriches the nutritional value of the resultant feed-stuf~O
Whereas draff is currently fed to bovines or other animals as a make-up food, the enriched draff contains available nitrogen and is high in energy content.
Preferably, the yeast is mixed with the draff or other by-product residue in an amount such that the yeast comprises 1 to 3 % by weight of the yeast plus residue.
The nutritional supplement enables the yeast plus resid~e to be transformed to a sound, well-balanced feed-stufE suitable for feeding cattle. The supplement is nortnally Eormulated to ~uppl~m~nt the inor(Janic content oE thc leed-stuEf and suitab:ly compris~s pho~phorus calcium ancl trac~ elements. Nitrog~nous inorganic concentrates are particularly appropriate Eor obtaining well-balanced feed-stuffs suited for feeding cattle.
The siloing preservative is mixed with the draff or other residue principally in order to prevent degradation of nitrogen, oxidation of fatty materials, and proliEeration o noxious fermentation products such as butyric acid. A preferred pre-servative comprises caLclum Eormate, calcium propionate, cal-cium acetate and urea phosphate. Such as preservative is available under the Trade Mark "Monosil-~" and is very efficient in preserving water-laden products. In the proportions which are typical of the Monosil products, the three calcium salts act primarily as preservatives by reducing the pH and increasing the lactic and acetic fermentations. The addition of the urea phosphate serves to accelerate the acidification and thus improves the preservation efficiency.
With the preferred preservatives we have found stability of the ammonia nitrogen and a virtual absence of butyric ~"li`' fermentation~ In conjunCtiOn with this finding, tests made on animals have proved that the use of weak reducing acids in the preservative greatly enhances the yield of milk and meat;
it is to be noted that the weak reducing acids are presen-t in the paunch of the animals and are effective as growth factors.
The preservatives which are available as "Monosil+" are manu-factured and sold by the S.A.R.A.P. - Cedia Company of France and are described in detail in French Patent Specification No. 71 31609 and French Utility Certificate Specification No.
73 21928.
In some appropriate cases, drafE may also be enriched by adding non-proteinic nitrogen in the Eorm o, for exalnple, urea or n;il:royanollS derivatives ol: like t~E)e such as gLutamic:
acid Eermentatlon j~lices (e.g. the juice-; avai:labl.e un(.ler l:he Trade Mark "Proteinal" oE the French Company Orsan).
Particularly when using dry additives, the nutritional supplement, the siloing preservative, and any non-proteinic nitrogen may be added simultaneously to the yeast plus residue.
It should be borne in mind that draff normally contains yeast cells at a more or less developed stage together with aerobic microorganisms. Particularly where the mixin~3 opera-tions involve moist proclucts, the presence of ~Irea (either as urea phosphate or separately supplied free urea) then leads to _ the release of CO2 in amounts dependin~3 on the air associated with the resultant feed-stuff. Carbon dioxide is not completely detrimental and indeed in certain instances it can play a positive role by providing an inert gas atmosphere to envelope the Eeed-stuff.
Other food by-products can be incorporated in the feed-stuff in order to balance better the overall nutritional va:Lueof the feed-stuff. Sugar-beet molasses represent one such 1 ~ 5 ~
$
product which is suitable, though it is to be noted that since the product is usually not a dry one it is normally undesirable to add other products which are liquid.
Kaolinite can also be added to the draff. Kaolinite is a pure micronized clay which has a high absorption capacity and as such reduces the fluidity oE the feed--stuff and makes it easier to pack. Moreover, kaolinite is an effective retardent in the intestine and helps to delay the passage of the feed-stuff through the intestine.
Preferably, the feed-stuEf is packed in plastics or other fluid-tight bags. Proper settling of the feed-stuff can be achieved by vibration; the lower the moisture content the easier tha settlin~. Fillecl plastics bag.s can therl be sealed, ~or exarnpLe by means o;E a conventional high ~recluen~y w~lclirlcJ
apparatus, and they are then at least partially de-aeratecl.
De-aeration is achieved using a valve system and the resultant bags then constitute mini-silos.
Once packed the feed-stuff can be stored for several months and transported without deterioration in the feed-stuff. More-over, the packed feed-stuff represents less of a pollu-tion risk.
In preferrecl embodiments of the present method, the nutrLtional supplement, the siloing preservative and any non-pro-teinic nitrogen is incorporated as a single additive.
Suitably the additive is incorporated at 1 to 5 % by weight of yeast plus residue, with the range of 2 to 3 % by weight being particularly preferred. A typical additive includes 70 to 90 %
by weight of the nutritional supplement, 10 to 50 % by weight of the siloing preservative and 0 to 15 % by weight of the non-proteinic ni-trogen.
Two examples of the method provided by the present invention will now be given. ~11 the quoted percentages are b~ weight.
~1 - 6 -,, ;
.
The cells of brewers' yeast were ruptured and mixed with brewers' draff. The yeast content of the resultant mixture was
It is conventional to use certain by-products of the food industry for feeding cattle. In most instances, the by pro-ducts are used as they are by local stock-breeders. Examples of such by-products include beet pulp and brewing draffs.
These and the other by-products which are fed to animals com-prise the~ re~sidues obta;inecl aEter extractive treatment Oe p:lant mater;ial~ the e~t~a~tions ~yplcally cornprising a ferrnentation proce~ or heat treatment in water followed by filtration. ~s such, the typical by-products initially contain a relatively high percentage of water (at least 80 ~ by weight) together with degraded components (sugar, starch). The by-products are thus low in nutritional value and difficult to preserve.
Dehydration of food by-products has been used in an attempt to obtain feed-stuffs which are less susceptible to bacterioloyical or other spoilation. Elowever, a dispropor-tion~ltely large amount of energy is recluired to obtain the dehydrated material, and moreover the nutritional value of -the ;~
by-product is not improved by dehydration. To the contrary~ -better results have been obtained with bovines when using the -water-laden by-products.
Particularly with the utilization of brewing draffs, it is to be noted that the distribution of livestock such as bovines in a given country seldom matches the distribution of the source of by-product (i.e. brewers in the case of brewers' draEf). Moreover, it is frequently the case that there is no .q.~
direct correlation between the production of the by-products and the demand for the by-product for feeding animals. For example, brewers draffs are produced at a higher rate in the summer, which is the period when cattle are turned out to grass.
Furthermore, most cattle food factories are not designed for using raw materials which contain more than lO to 15 ~ of free water, such as brewery by-products.
According to the present invention, there is provided a method of preparing an animal feed-stuff by mixing a residue obtained after extractive treatment of plant material, with inactivated brewers' yeast and other additives, in which method the cells of brewers' yeast are ruptured by hydrolysis and mixecl in a wet state with the residue obtalned a~ter extractive tr~tment o~ plant material, with a nutritional ~llpplerllerlt, and with a siloiny preservative.
By this method it is possible to treat brewers' draffs or other food by-products as they are discharged after filtra-tion. The bY-products can be treated on site, enriched with the ruptured yeast cells and preserved.
The present invention is particularly suited to the treat-ment oE brewers' draE~ since the ye~ast can be mixecl therewith in a brewery. ~lowever~ the method now provicled can be used Eor other post-extraction plant residues, for example beet pulp, a forage-plant cake such as a lucern cake, a fruit pulp, grape pulp or marc. Advantageously, where the residue is other than brewers' draff, -the yeast is mixed with the residue a-t the site where the residue is produced.
Preferred features of the present invention will now be described for the utilization of brewers' draff; the following disclosure can equally be applied to the utilization of other food by-products obtained after extractive treatment of plant ~ 2 -,, material~ With other by-prc~ducts the skilled man will have no difficulty in adapting the following to enable him to obtain a well balanced animal feed-stuff suited for feeding livestock.
According to the conventional procedures, brewers' draffs are discharged from a filter with a moisture content averaging 85 % by weight and with a temperature of about 40C. Part of the water, typically 10 to 15 % by weight of the by-product, is excess or free water which may easily be removed by a mechanical procedure such as centriEugation, calendering or pressing, or by a thermal treatment. On the other hand, part of the water is intimately bound with the vegetable material and should not be removed; tne removal of bound water ls d;iEEicu~lt and leads to a procluct which .i5 1eS5 easiLy a~imilated. rilhe rcmoval o~
thc ~ree water will u~ually increase the dry extract content of the drafEs from 20 to 33 by weight.
The draffs obtained after the optional removal of free water are then enriched with brewers' yeast. In a brewery, most of the yeast is separated by centriEugation and any residual yeast in the mash-tub juices is removed by flowing the juices through diatom filters. The yeast employed by the present invention is preferably the concentrated yeast obtainecl Erom the centrifugation~ although it is possible to use the diatom yeast cakes. Prior to rupturin~, the yeast can be stored at a low temperature. It is then ruptured by hydrolysis: the j hydrolysate can be mixed as an aqueous phase with the draff and the water Eiltered off. In this latter respect, it is particularly preEerred to charge a filter with the draff and pass the aqueous phase containing the hydrolysate once or twice through the draff until most of the yeast has been taken up by the draff. ~s such, the waste water produced is not strongly polluting.
~ 3 -. .....
$~
The mixing of the ruptured yeast cells with the draf~ adds proteinic and cellulosic components to the draEE, and thereby enriches the nutritional value of the resultant feed-stuf~O
Whereas draff is currently fed to bovines or other animals as a make-up food, the enriched draff contains available nitrogen and is high in energy content.
Preferably, the yeast is mixed with the draff or other by-product residue in an amount such that the yeast comprises 1 to 3 % by weight of the yeast plus residue.
The nutritional supplement enables the yeast plus resid~e to be transformed to a sound, well-balanced feed-stufE suitable for feeding cattle. The supplement is nortnally Eormulated to ~uppl~m~nt the inor(Janic content oE thc leed-stuEf and suitab:ly compris~s pho~phorus calcium ancl trac~ elements. Nitrog~nous inorganic concentrates are particularly appropriate Eor obtaining well-balanced feed-stuffs suited for feeding cattle.
The siloing preservative is mixed with the draff or other residue principally in order to prevent degradation of nitrogen, oxidation of fatty materials, and proliEeration o noxious fermentation products such as butyric acid. A preferred pre-servative comprises caLclum Eormate, calcium propionate, cal-cium acetate and urea phosphate. Such as preservative is available under the Trade Mark "Monosil-~" and is very efficient in preserving water-laden products. In the proportions which are typical of the Monosil products, the three calcium salts act primarily as preservatives by reducing the pH and increasing the lactic and acetic fermentations. The addition of the urea phosphate serves to accelerate the acidification and thus improves the preservation efficiency.
With the preferred preservatives we have found stability of the ammonia nitrogen and a virtual absence of butyric ~"li`' fermentation~ In conjunCtiOn with this finding, tests made on animals have proved that the use of weak reducing acids in the preservative greatly enhances the yield of milk and meat;
it is to be noted that the weak reducing acids are presen-t in the paunch of the animals and are effective as growth factors.
The preservatives which are available as "Monosil+" are manu-factured and sold by the S.A.R.A.P. - Cedia Company of France and are described in detail in French Patent Specification No. 71 31609 and French Utility Certificate Specification No.
73 21928.
In some appropriate cases, drafE may also be enriched by adding non-proteinic nitrogen in the Eorm o, for exalnple, urea or n;il:royanollS derivatives ol: like t~E)e such as gLutamic:
acid Eermentatlon j~lices (e.g. the juice-; avai:labl.e un(.ler l:he Trade Mark "Proteinal" oE the French Company Orsan).
Particularly when using dry additives, the nutritional supplement, the siloing preservative, and any non-proteinic nitrogen may be added simultaneously to the yeast plus residue.
It should be borne in mind that draff normally contains yeast cells at a more or less developed stage together with aerobic microorganisms. Particularly where the mixin~3 opera-tions involve moist proclucts, the presence of ~Irea (either as urea phosphate or separately supplied free urea) then leads to _ the release of CO2 in amounts dependin~3 on the air associated with the resultant feed-stuff. Carbon dioxide is not completely detrimental and indeed in certain instances it can play a positive role by providing an inert gas atmosphere to envelope the Eeed-stuff.
Other food by-products can be incorporated in the feed-stuff in order to balance better the overall nutritional va:Lueof the feed-stuff. Sugar-beet molasses represent one such 1 ~ 5 ~
$
product which is suitable, though it is to be noted that since the product is usually not a dry one it is normally undesirable to add other products which are liquid.
Kaolinite can also be added to the draff. Kaolinite is a pure micronized clay which has a high absorption capacity and as such reduces the fluidity oE the feed--stuff and makes it easier to pack. Moreover, kaolinite is an effective retardent in the intestine and helps to delay the passage of the feed-stuff through the intestine.
Preferably, the feed-stuEf is packed in plastics or other fluid-tight bags. Proper settling of the feed-stuff can be achieved by vibration; the lower the moisture content the easier tha settlin~. Fillecl plastics bag.s can therl be sealed, ~or exarnpLe by means o;E a conventional high ~recluen~y w~lclirlcJ
apparatus, and they are then at least partially de-aeratecl.
De-aeration is achieved using a valve system and the resultant bags then constitute mini-silos.
Once packed the feed-stuff can be stored for several months and transported without deterioration in the feed-stuff. More-over, the packed feed-stuff represents less of a pollu-tion risk.
In preferrecl embodiments of the present method, the nutrLtional supplement, the siloing preservative and any non-pro-teinic nitrogen is incorporated as a single additive.
Suitably the additive is incorporated at 1 to 5 % by weight of yeast plus residue, with the range of 2 to 3 % by weight being particularly preferred. A typical additive includes 70 to 90 %
by weight of the nutritional supplement, 10 to 50 % by weight of the siloing preservative and 0 to 15 % by weight of the non-proteinic ni-trogen.
Two examples of the method provided by the present invention will now be given. ~11 the quoted percentages are b~ weight.
~1 - 6 -,, ;
.
The cells of brewers' yeast were ruptured and mixed with brewers' draff. The yeast content of the resultant mixture was
2 %.
2 % of kaolinite and 2 % of an additive having the following composition were then added:
~Urea phosphate 5 %
¦Paraformaldehyde 3 %
Preservative ~ Calcium formate 3 %
¦Calcium propionate 1 %
~Calcium acetate 0.2 %
Dicalcium phosphate 27 %
D.F.P. phosphate* 50 olk~o-elernents:
MacJnesium oxicle 6 ~
~oclium chloric1e 2.5 3 Nutritional Iron suLEate o.~ ~
supplemer,t ICobalt sulfa-te 0.01 %
Manganese oxide 0.3 %
Zinc oxide 0.4 %
Potassium ioclide 0.01 %
Copper sulfate 0.15 Anhydrous sodium sulfate 1.04 ~O
100.01 %
~ n t~SSAy for 100 kcJ oE this adclitivt-~ ~ave a total inorganic content oE 85 ~, with the foLlowincJ speci~ values:
Minimum: Phosphorus 14.5 %
Calcium 23 ~
Magnesium 3 %
- Na 5 %
Maximum: Chlorides 5 %
HCl insoluble 3 %
Trace elements: Iron 800 p.p.m Copper 340 p.p.m Zinc 3,000 p.p.m Manganese 1,850 p.p.m *D.F.P. phosphate is a strongly-defluorinized double calcium and sodium phosphate.
. .,~ I
j - 7 -4~
2 % of kaolinite and 2.5 % of an additive having the com-position given below were added to yeast--enriched draff prepared in the same way as Example l.
Urea Urea 45.5* 13.5 %
~Urea phosphate 5 %
¦Paraformaldehyde 3 ~-Preservative ~ Calcium formate 3 ~6 ¦Calcium propionate l %
~Calcium acetate 0.2 %
Dicalcium phosphate 13.5 %
D.F,P. phosphate 50 %
Calcinated mac~nes:ia 6 %
Sodium chlorlde C:lNa 3.4 %
Nutr:Ltiolla:L Iron ~u:lphate 0.
~upplement Cobalt sulEate 0.01 '~
Manganese oxide 0.3 %
¦Zinc oxide 0.4 %
¦Potassium iodide 0.01 %
Sulphur 0.28 %
100.00 %
An assay oE lO0 kg of the additive shows a total inorganic content oE 77 %, and the Eollowing speciEic values:
Minimum: Phosphorus 12 %
Calcium ~ '~
Mg 3 ~
Na 4 %
Maximum: Chlorides 5 %
HCl insoluble 3 %
Trace elements: Iron 800 p.p.m Copper 340 p.p.m Zinc 3,000 p.p.m Manganese 1,850 p.p.m *Urea 45.5 is urea containing 45.5 percen~ o~ nitrogen, ", The enriched draff-based products ob-tained by the Examples are suitable for direct feeding to animals, and particularly because of the presence of the yeast they find high acceptability together with a good nutritional balance. They thus constitute a convenient substitute for equivalent products of home or foreign origin, and in particular represent a substitute for soya which o-ften has to be imported.
_ 9 _
2 % of kaolinite and 2 % of an additive having the following composition were then added:
~Urea phosphate 5 %
¦Paraformaldehyde 3 %
Preservative ~ Calcium formate 3 %
¦Calcium propionate 1 %
~Calcium acetate 0.2 %
Dicalcium phosphate 27 %
D.F.P. phosphate* 50 olk~o-elernents:
MacJnesium oxicle 6 ~
~oclium chloric1e 2.5 3 Nutritional Iron suLEate o.~ ~
supplemer,t ICobalt sulfa-te 0.01 %
Manganese oxide 0.3 %
Zinc oxide 0.4 %
Potassium ioclide 0.01 %
Copper sulfate 0.15 Anhydrous sodium sulfate 1.04 ~O
100.01 %
~ n t~SSAy for 100 kcJ oE this adclitivt-~ ~ave a total inorganic content oE 85 ~, with the foLlowincJ speci~ values:
Minimum: Phosphorus 14.5 %
Calcium 23 ~
Magnesium 3 %
- Na 5 %
Maximum: Chlorides 5 %
HCl insoluble 3 %
Trace elements: Iron 800 p.p.m Copper 340 p.p.m Zinc 3,000 p.p.m Manganese 1,850 p.p.m *D.F.P. phosphate is a strongly-defluorinized double calcium and sodium phosphate.
. .,~ I
j - 7 -4~
2 % of kaolinite and 2.5 % of an additive having the com-position given below were added to yeast--enriched draff prepared in the same way as Example l.
Urea Urea 45.5* 13.5 %
~Urea phosphate 5 %
¦Paraformaldehyde 3 ~-Preservative ~ Calcium formate 3 ~6 ¦Calcium propionate l %
~Calcium acetate 0.2 %
Dicalcium phosphate 13.5 %
D.F,P. phosphate 50 %
Calcinated mac~nes:ia 6 %
Sodium chlorlde C:lNa 3.4 %
Nutr:Ltiolla:L Iron ~u:lphate 0.
~upplement Cobalt sulEate 0.01 '~
Manganese oxide 0.3 %
¦Zinc oxide 0.4 %
¦Potassium iodide 0.01 %
Sulphur 0.28 %
100.00 %
An assay oE lO0 kg of the additive shows a total inorganic content oE 77 %, and the Eollowing speciEic values:
Minimum: Phosphorus 12 %
Calcium ~ '~
Mg 3 ~
Na 4 %
Maximum: Chlorides 5 %
HCl insoluble 3 %
Trace elements: Iron 800 p.p.m Copper 340 p.p.m Zinc 3,000 p.p.m Manganese 1,850 p.p.m *Urea 45.5 is urea containing 45.5 percen~ o~ nitrogen, ", The enriched draff-based products ob-tained by the Examples are suitable for direct feeding to animals, and particularly because of the presence of the yeast they find high acceptability together with a good nutritional balance. They thus constitute a convenient substitute for equivalent products of home or foreign origin, and in particular represent a substitute for soya which o-ften has to be imported.
_ 9 _
Claims (25)
1. A method of preparing an animal feed-stuff by mixing a residue obtained after extractive treatment of plant material, with inactivated brewers' yeast and other additives, in which method the cells of brewers' yeast are ruptured by hydrolysis and mixed in a wet state with the residue obtained after extractive treatment of plant material, with a nutritional supplement, and with a siloing preservative.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein free water is removed from said residue before the yeast is mixed with it.
3. A method according to Claim 1, wherein said residue is brewers' draff.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the yeast is mixed with the brewers' draff in a brewery.
5. A method according to claim 1, wherein said residue comprises beet pulp, a forage plant cake, a fruit pulp, grape pulp or marc.
6. A method according to claim 5, wherein said residue is lucern cake.
7. A method according to claims 5 or 6, wherein the yeast is mixed with the residue at the site where the residue is produced.
8. A method according to claim 1, wherein the nutritional supplement is formulated to supplement the inorganic content of the feed-stuff.
9. A method according to claim 8, wherein the nutritional supplement comprises phosphorus, calcium and trace elements.
10. A method according to claim 1, wherein the siloing preservative comprises calcium formate, calcium propionate, calcium acetate, and urea phosphate.
11. A method according to claim 1, wherein non-proteinic nitrogen is incorporated in the feed-stuff.
12. A method according to claim 11, wherein the non-proteinic nitrogen is urea.
13. A method according to claim 11, wherein the non-proteinic nitrogen comprises glutamic acid fermentation juices.
14. A method according to claim 1, wherein another by-product of the food industry is incorporated in the feed-stuff in order to balance better the overall nutritional value of the feed-stuff.
15. A method according to claim 14, wherein sugar-beet molasses is incorporated in the feed-stuff.
16. A method according to claim 1, wherein kaolinite is incorporated in the feed-stuff.
17. A method according to claim 16, wherein 1 to 3 % by weight of kaolinite based on the weight of yeast plus residue, is incorporated in the feed-stuff.
18. A method according to claim 1, wherein the yeast is mixed with the residue in an amount such that the yeast com-prises 1 to 3 % by weight of the yeast plus residue.
19. A method according to claim 1, wherein the nutritional supplement, the siloing preservative and any non-proteinic nitrogen are incorporated as a single additive.
20. A method according to claim 19, wherein the additive is incorporated at 1 to 5 % by weight based on the weight of yeast plus residue.
210 A method according to claims 19 or 20, wherein the additive includes 70 to 90 % by weight of the nutritional supplement, 10 to 50 % by weight of the siloing preservative, and 0 to 15 % by weight of the non-proteinic nitrogen.
22. A method according to claim 1, wherein the feed-stuff is packed in plastics bags which are subsequently at least partially de-aerated.
23. An animal feed-stuff comprising A residue which is obtained after extractive treatment of plant material, an inactivated brewer's yeast in which the cells are rupted by hydrolysis and at least one additive selected from the group consisting of nutritional supplements, siloing preser-vatives, kaolinite and urea.
24. An animal feed-stuff as defined in claim 23 comprising brewer's draff as residue, 2% by weight of brewer's yeast, 2% by weight of kaolinite, and 2% by weight of nutritional supplement and siloing preservatives, said nutritional supplement being selected from the group consisting of calcium, phosphorus and trace elements; said siloing preservatives being selected from the group consisting of calcium formate, calcium propionate, calcium acetate and urea phosphate.
25. An animal feed-stuff as defined in claim 23 comprising brewer's draff as residue, 2% by weight of brewer's yeast, 2% by weight of kaolinite, and 2.5% by weight of urea, nutri-tional supplements and siloing preservatives, said nutritional supplement being selected from the group consisting of calcium, phosphorus and -trace elements; and siloing preservatives being selected from the group consisting of calcium formate, calcium propionate, calcium acetate and urea phosphate.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR7729952A FR2405028A1 (en) | 1977-10-05 | 1977-10-05 | Animal foodstuffs obtd. from brewery residues - enriched with yeasts, preservative and mineral supplement |
| FR7729952 | 1977-10-05 | ||
| FR7800407 | 1978-01-09 | ||
| FR7800407A FR2413886A2 (en) | 1978-01-09 | 1978-01-09 | Animal foodstuffs obtd. from brewery residues - enriched with yeasts, preservative and mineral supplement |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1110487A true CA1110487A (en) | 1981-10-13 |
Family
ID=26220251
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA295,809A Expired CA1110487A (en) | 1977-10-05 | 1978-01-27 | Animal feed-stuff |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1110487A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2803754C2 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1554534A (en) |
| OA (1) | OA08305A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1979000183A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3007383A1 (en) * | 1980-02-27 | 1981-09-03 | Rudolf 8034 Unterpfaffenhofen Schanze | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A CONCENTRATE FROM YEAST LIQUID |
| FR2610483B1 (en) * | 1987-02-10 | 1991-06-14 | Adolphe Maurice | PROCESS FOR THE CONSERVATION AND RECOVERY OF AGRI-FOOD BY-PRODUCTS AND AGRICULTURAL BY-PRODUCTS |
| DE4108319A1 (en) * | 1990-03-20 | 1991-11-28 | Lorenz Kirmair | Spent residues from brewing used as cattle feed additive - by mixing with starch rich vegetable feed material or molasses |
| DE4036960C1 (en) * | 1990-11-20 | 1992-06-11 | Rudolf 8300 Landshut De Schanze | |
| WO2000013525A1 (en) * | 1998-09-09 | 2000-03-16 | Allan Michael Bell | Packaged fermented livestock feed |
| DE102007001349A1 (en) * | 2006-10-31 | 2008-05-08 | Protekum Umweltinstitut Gmbh, Oranienburg | Use of specially treated pomace and natural extracts as feed ingredients for the healthy nutrition of pups and pregnant animals |
| DE102008060140B4 (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2020-05-20 | Gunther Pesta | Beer spent grains hydrolysis process |
| EP2874502A1 (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2015-05-27 | POET Research, Inc. | Compositions derived from fermentation products and process of making same |
Family Cites Families (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE439382A (en) * | ||||
| FR331484A (en) * | 1903-04-25 | 1903-09-15 | Maurice Jules Boutteau | Improved process and installation for the production of brewery cake |
| DE174864C (en) * | 1905-04-22 | |||
| GB191229996A (en) * | 1912-12-30 | 1913-10-09 | Max Hamburg | A Process of Raising the Nutritive Value of Brewery Grains and Obtaining a New or Improved Food for Cattle. |
| US2600903A (en) * | 1948-03-26 | 1952-06-17 | Miller Harry | Method of processing alfalfa |
| US2607688A (en) * | 1949-02-01 | 1952-08-19 | Western Condensing Co | Vegetable treatment process |
| DE803975C (en) * | 1949-07-20 | 1951-04-16 | Kraftfutterwerke Arnold Hoevel | Process for improving compound feed |
| LU34684A1 (en) * | 1955-10-19 | |||
| DE1061608B (en) * | 1958-01-15 | 1959-07-16 | Dipl Landw Josef Buecker | Process for the production of animal feed from pressed brewer's yeast and carrier substances such as mill by-products |
| US2965488A (en) * | 1959-04-07 | 1960-12-20 | Du Pont | Ruminant feed composition |
| DE1692494A1 (en) * | 1967-01-07 | 1972-02-24 | Walter Scholz | Process for the preservation, packaging and transport of industrial by-products which are used as animal feed, in particular spent grains |
| DE1792016A1 (en) * | 1968-07-11 | 1970-05-27 | Bierhefe Verarbeitungsgesellsc | Concentrated feed or concentrated feed component and process for its production |
| US3875304A (en) * | 1970-04-24 | 1975-04-01 | Schlitz Brewing Co J | Livestock feed composition and method of preparing the same |
| FR2151528A5 (en) * | 1971-09-01 | 1973-04-20 | Sarap Cedia | |
| IT945951B (en) * | 1971-09-22 | 1973-05-10 | Sarno M | PROCEDURE FOR THE TREATMENT OF BY-PRODUCTS OF THE FABRICA ZIONE DI BIRRA |
| FR2216931A1 (en) * | 1973-02-13 | 1974-09-06 | Sarap Cedia | Cattle feeds contg. urea phosphate - as source of non protein nitrogen and phosphate |
| FR2233002A1 (en) * | 1973-06-15 | 1975-01-10 | Sarap Cedia | Preservatives for silage, contg. calcium or sodium formate - and opt. other salts, and trace elements |
| FR2285081A1 (en) * | 1973-12-14 | 1976-04-16 | Finandal Sa | Converting vegetable waste into animal feedstuffs - by treating e.g. forage, husks and pulps with enzymic compsns |
| FR2287178A1 (en) * | 1974-10-10 | 1976-05-07 | Brasserie Du Pecheur Sa | Animal feedstuffs based on malt house-brewery waste prods - by mixing, short heating, then adding propionic acid and straw |
| FR2298960A1 (en) * | 1975-01-28 | 1976-08-27 | Scholz Walter | Feedstuff from brewing residues having improved quality and stability - by adding suitable additive, esp. brewers yeast |
-
1978
- 1978-01-27 CA CA295,809A patent/CA1110487A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-01-28 DE DE2803754A patent/DE2803754C2/en not_active Expired
- 1978-01-31 GB GB3909/78A patent/GB1554534A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-10-04 WO PCT/FR1978/000028 patent/WO1979000183A1/en unknown
- 1978-10-05 OA OA56627A patent/OA08305A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| OA08305A (en) | 1987-10-30 |
| WO1979000183A1 (en) | 1979-04-19 |
| DE2803754C2 (en) | 1982-09-30 |
| GB1554534A (en) | 1979-10-24 |
| DE2803754A1 (en) | 1979-04-12 |
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| MKEX | Expiry |