AU705710B2 - Use of a pyranose oxidase in baking - Google Patents
Use of a pyranose oxidase in baking Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU705710B2 AU705710B2 AU13660/97A AU1366097A AU705710B2 AU 705710 B2 AU705710 B2 AU 705710B2 AU 13660/97 A AU13660/97 A AU 13660/97A AU 1366097 A AU1366097 A AU 1366097A AU 705710 B2 AU705710 B2 AU 705710B2
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- dough
- pyranose oxidase
- enzyme
- oxidase enzyme
- pyranose
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 108010001816 pyranose oxidase Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 55
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 55
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 32
- 108010068370 Glutens Proteins 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000021312 gluten Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000222383 Polyporales Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 102000003992 Peroxidases Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 108040007629 peroxidase activity proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 22
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- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- UHZZMRAGKVHANO-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlormequat chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCl UHZZMRAGKVHANO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- DCNMIDLYWOTSGK-HSUXUTPPSA-N D-glucosone Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C(=O)C=O DCNMIDLYWOTSGK-HSUXUTPPSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 3
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- ZTOJFFHGPLIVKC-YAFCTCPESA-N (2e)-3-ethyl-2-[(z)-(3-ethyl-6-sulfo-1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylidene)hydrazinylidene]-1,3-benzothiazole-6-sulfonic acid Chemical compound S\1C2=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=CC=C2N(CC)C/1=N/N=C1/SC2=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=CC=C2N1CC ZTOJFFHGPLIVKC-YAFCTCPESA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 108091028043 Nucleic acid sequence Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108020004511 Recombinant DNA Proteins 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000222357 Trametes hirsuta Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940025131 amylases Drugs 0.000 description 2
- OGBUMNBNEWYMNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N batilol Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOCC(O)CO OGBUMNBNEWYMNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- DNISEZBAYYIQFB-PHDIDXHHSA-N (2r,3r)-2,3-diacetyloxybutanedioic acid Chemical class CC(=O)O[C@@H](C(O)=O)[C@H](C(O)=O)OC(C)=O DNISEZBAYYIQFB-PHDIDXHHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OXUJMOVHFXVJNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(6-sulfo-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)hydrazinyl]-1,3-benzothiazole-6-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N1C2=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C2SC1=NN=C1NC2=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)O)C=C2S1 OXUJMOVHFXVJNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZTOJFFHGPLIVKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethyl-2-[(3-ethyl-6-sulfo-1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylidene)hydrazinylidene]-1,3-benzothiazole-6-sulfonic acid Chemical compound S1C2=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=CC=C2N(CC)C1=NN=C1SC2=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=CC=C2N1CC ZTOJFFHGPLIVKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XWNSFEAWWGGSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-acetyl-4-methylheptanedinitrile Chemical compound N#CCCC(C)(C(=O)C)CCC#N XWNSFEAWWGGSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000222485 Agaricales Species 0.000 description 1
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- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHOQVHQSTUBQQK-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-glucono-1,5-lactone Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O PHOQVHQSTUBQQK-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 101710121765 Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- 241000789035 Polyporus pinsitus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001213 Polysorbate 20 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004153 Potassium bromate Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015895 biscuits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012970 cakes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium acetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 235000018417 cysteine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cysteine Natural products SCC(N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940079919 digestives enzyme preparation Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010037 flour treatment agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002243 furanoses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 108010061330 glucan 1,4-alpha-maltohydrolase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012209 glucono delta-lactone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002791 glucosyl group Chemical group C1([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003071 maltose group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003534 oscillatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012771 pancakes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012796 pita bread Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000223 polyglycerol Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000256 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010486 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019396 potassium bromate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940094037 potassium bromate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JLKDVMWYMMLWTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]I(=O)=O JLKDVMWYMMLWTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001230 potassium iodate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006666 potassium iodate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940093930 potassium iodate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012780 rye bread Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Inorganic materials [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012794 white bread Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012799 wholemeal bread Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
- A21D—TREATMENT OF FLOUR OR DOUGH FOR BAKING, e.g. BY ADDITION OF MATERIALS; BAKING; BAKERY PRODUCTS
- A21D8/00—Methods for preparing or baking dough
- A21D8/02—Methods for preparing dough; Treating dough prior to baking
- A21D8/04—Methods for preparing dough; Treating dough prior to baking treating dough with microorganisms or enzymes
- A21D8/042—Methods for preparing dough; Treating dough prior to baking treating dough with microorganisms or enzymes with enzymes
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Bakery Products And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Enzymes And Modification Thereof (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Noodles (AREA)
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK1447/95 | 1995-12-20 | ||
| DK144795 | 1995-12-20 | ||
| PCT/DK1996/000550 WO1997022257A1 (en) | 1995-12-20 | 1996-12-20 | Use of a pyranose oxidase in baking |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU1366097A AU1366097A (en) | 1997-07-14 |
| AU705710B2 true AU705710B2 (en) | 1999-05-27 |
Family
ID=8104927
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU13660/97A Ceased AU705710B2 (en) | 1995-12-20 | 1996-12-20 | Use of a pyranose oxidase in baking |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6039983A (en:Method) |
| EP (1) | EP0869716B1 (en:Method) |
| CN (1) | CN1073808C (en:Method) |
| AT (1) | ATE200848T1 (en:Method) |
| AU (1) | AU705710B2 (en:Method) |
| CA (1) | CA2234620A1 (en:Method) |
| DE (1) | DE69612673T2 (en:Method) |
| DK (1) | DK0869716T3 (en:Method) |
| IN (1) | IN183383B (en:Method) |
| WO (1) | WO1997022257A1 (en:Method) |
Families Citing this family (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DK0832245T4 (da) * | 1995-06-07 | 2009-01-26 | Danisco | Rekombinant hexoseoxidase, en fremgangsmåde til at fremstille samme samt anvendelse af et sådan enzym |
| US8178090B2 (en) | 1995-06-07 | 2012-05-15 | Danisco A/S | Recombinant hexose oxidase |
| US20050287250A1 (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 2005-12-29 | Danisco A/S | Method |
| BR9608493A (pt) * | 1995-06-07 | 1999-07-06 | Danisco | Processo de aperfeiçoamento das propriedades de uma massa alimenticia farinácea uma composição de aperfeiçoamento de massa alimentícia farinácea e produtos alimentícios aperfeiçoados |
| US6936289B2 (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 2005-08-30 | Danisco A/S | Method of improving the properties of a flour dough, a flour dough improving composition and improved food products |
| US7745599B1 (en) | 1995-06-07 | 2010-06-29 | Danisco A/S | Hexose oxidase-encoding DNAs and methods of use thereof |
| WO1997022257A1 (en) * | 1995-12-20 | 1997-06-26 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Use of a pyranose oxidase in baking |
| US7060474B1 (en) | 1997-12-22 | 2006-06-13 | Novozymes A/S | Carbohydrate oxidase and use thereof in baking |
| CA2314996C (en) | 1997-12-22 | 2011-05-10 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Carbohydrate oxidase and use thereof in baking |
| US6165761A (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 2000-12-26 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Carbohydrate oxidase and use thereof in baking |
| ATE400181T1 (de) * | 1998-05-13 | 2008-07-15 | Novozymes Inc | Verfahren zur verwendung von cellobiosedehydrogenase beim backen |
| ES2278800T3 (es) * | 2000-09-28 | 2007-08-16 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Composiciones liquidas mejoradoras del pan. |
| US6482449B2 (en) * | 2001-01-26 | 2002-11-19 | Kraft Foods Holdings, Inc. | Enzymatic improvement of pasta processing |
| US7396670B2 (en) * | 2002-10-11 | 2008-07-08 | Novozymes A/S | Asparaginases and method of preparing a heat-treated product |
| US20040146601A1 (en) * | 2003-01-28 | 2004-07-29 | Oszlanyi Antal G. | Dough conditioner |
| AR044384A1 (es) * | 2003-05-19 | 2005-09-07 | Puratos Nv | Metodo para dar otra forma al pan |
| EP1516536A1 (en) * | 2003-09-22 | 2005-03-23 | Puratos Naamloze Vennootschap | Bakery products comprising carbohydrate oxidase |
| CN100411532C (zh) * | 2005-07-19 | 2008-08-20 | 美晨集团股份有限公司 | 一种食品添加剂 |
| DK2164958T3 (en) | 2007-06-07 | 2014-11-24 | Novozymes As | A process for preparing a dough-based product |
| JP2011518557A (ja) * | 2008-04-24 | 2011-06-30 | ディーエスエム アイピー アセッツ ビー．ブイ． | オキシダーゼを用いて麺類生地を調製する方法 |
| DK2595488T3 (da) | 2010-07-21 | 2020-02-24 | Novozymes As | Fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af et bagt produkt med antiældningsamylase og peptidase |
| BR112016015850A2 (pt) * | 2014-01-09 | 2020-09-24 | Ajinomoto Co., Inc. | Método para produzir um alimento modificado contendo proteína¸ e, preparação para modificar um alimento contendo proteína |
| US20230212822A1 (en) | 2020-05-29 | 2023-07-06 | Novozymes A/S | Method for controlling slime in a pulp or paper making process |
| CA3220135A1 (en) | 2021-06-16 | 2022-12-22 | Novozymes A/S | Method for controlling slime in a pulp or paper making process |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4617190A (en) * | 1984-08-27 | 1986-10-14 | Laclede Professional Products, Inc. | Enzymatic powder milk |
| ES2032939T5 (es) * | 1987-12-21 | 2000-06-01 | Dsm Nv | Un metodo para mejorar una masa de harina. |
| DK69193D0 (en:Method) * | 1993-06-11 | 1993-06-11 | Novo Nordisk As | |
| AU1945395A (en) * | 1994-03-02 | 1995-09-18 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Use of xylanase in baking |
| WO1997022257A1 (en) * | 1995-12-20 | 1997-06-26 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Use of a pyranose oxidase in baking |
-
1996
- 1996-12-20 WO PCT/DK1996/000550 patent/WO1997022257A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-12-20 EP EP96943883A patent/EP0869716B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-12-20 IN IN2337MA1996 patent/IN183383B/en unknown
- 1996-12-20 AT AT96943883T patent/ATE200848T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-12-20 AU AU13660/97A patent/AU705710B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-12-20 DE DE69612673T patent/DE69612673T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-12-20 CA CA002234620A patent/CA2234620A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-12-20 CN CN96199200.XA patent/CN1073808C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-12-20 DK DK96943883T patent/DK0869716T3/da active
-
1998
- 1998-04-28 US US09/067,556 patent/US6039983A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0869716A1 (en) | 1998-10-14 |
| CN1073808C (zh) | 2001-10-31 |
| DK0869716T3 (da) | 2001-08-13 |
| DE69612673D1 (de) | 2001-06-07 |
| DE69612673T2 (de) | 2001-12-06 |
| WO1997022257A1 (en) | 1997-06-26 |
| ATE200848T1 (de) | 2001-05-15 |
| CA2234620A1 (en) | 1997-06-26 |
| AU1366097A (en) | 1997-07-14 |
| US6039983A (en) | 2000-03-21 |
| CN1205614A (zh) | 1999-01-20 |
| EP0869716B1 (en) | 2001-05-02 |
| IN183383B (en:Method) | 1999-12-11 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PC | Assignment registered |
Owner name: NOVOZYMES A/S Free format text: FORMER OWNER WAS: NOVO NORDISK A/S |
|
| MK14 | Patent ceased section 143(a) (annual fees not paid) or expired |