AU2021106191A4 - Substrate for cultivating pleurotus ostreatus and method for making same - Google Patents
Substrate for cultivating pleurotus ostreatus and method for making same Download PDFInfo
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- AU2021106191A4 AU2021106191A4 AU2021106191A AU2021106191A AU2021106191A4 AU 2021106191 A4 AU2021106191 A4 AU 2021106191A4 AU 2021106191 A AU2021106191 A AU 2021106191A AU 2021106191 A AU2021106191 A AU 2021106191A AU 2021106191 A4 AU2021106191 A4 AU 2021106191A4
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 235000007685 Pleurotus columbinus Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 240000001462 Pleurotus ostreatus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 235000001603 Pleurotus ostreatus Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241000222350 Pleurotus Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
A new substrate for cultivating Pleurotus ostreatus and a method for cultivating
Pleurotus ostreatus using the substrate are provided. The substrate includes the
following components by mass percentage: rape straw 30%-80%, rice straw
12.5%-62.5%, wheat bran 5%, urea 0.5% , sucrose 1%, gypsum 1%. The cultivation
method of Pleurotus ostreatus mainly includes the following steps: substrate
preparation, inoculation, mycelium culture, bud pressing, fruiting management, first
crop of mushroom harvest, mycelium culture, water supplement, fruiting
management, second crop of mushroom harvest and so on. The disclosure rationally
utilizes waste crop by-products such as rape straw and rice straw which turns waste
into treasure. The cultivation substrate has the characteristics of cheap and abundant
raw materials, simple preparation, convenient storage, and high yield. The method for
cultivating Pleurotus ostreatus using the substrate is simple and easy to master, does
not have any requirement for equipment and site, and has low pollution rate and high
yield.
Soaking the rape straw in Soaking the rice straw in
3% lime water for 48 hrs a3% lime water for 48 hr .... .......................................................... W h eat b ran 5%
Urea 0.5%
Filtering out,rinsing, Brown sugar 1% Filteringout,rinsing,
and drying Gypsum1% and drying
dAdding. Add g2.5%-6L5¾ +rushing into about5-15 " ~" Mixing well to get the Crushing into about5-15
m short stalks inlength cultivation substrate mm shortistalks inlength
'I
Controlling the water
content 60~70%
I
Sterilizing
Figure 1
Baggingth-cultivated 0 Inoculating Cultivating mycelium - Pressingbuds
substrate and sterilizing
Supplementing water Cultivating mycelium Harvestingthefirst Fruiting management
crop of mushroom
Fruiting management Harestmgthesecond
crop of mushroom
Figure 2
1/1
Description
Soaking the rape straw in Soaking the rice straw in 3% lime water for 48 hrs a3% lime water for 48 hr .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W h eat bran 5% Urea 0.5% Filtering out,rinsing, Brown sugar 1% Filteringout,rinsing, and drying Gypsum1% and drying
+rushing into about5-15 m short stalks inlength " dAdding. Add ~" g2.5%-6L5¾ Mixing well to get the cultivation substrate Crushing into about5-15 mm shortistalks inlength
'I Controlling the water content 60~70%
Sterilizing
Figure 1
Baggingth-cultivated 0 Inoculating Cultivating mycelium - Pressingbuds substrate and sterilizing
Supplementing water Cultivating mycelium Harvestingthefirst Fruiting management crop of mushroom
Fruiting management Harestmgthesecond crop of mushroom
Figure 2
1/1
[0001] The present disclosure relates to a substrate for cultivating Pleurotus
ostreatus and a method for making the same.
[0002] Pleurotus ostreatus is a traditional edible fungus that is rich in nutrients
and popular among consumers. The cultivation substrate is the foundation for the
production of Pleurotus ostreatus. Large-scale cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus
requires a large amount of cultivation substrates, and traditional Pleurotus ostreatus
cultivation substrates such as cotton seed husk and sawdust have disadvantages such
as high price, poor quality and low yield in southern China. Therefore, the research
and development of large-quantity, easy-to-obtain and low-cost alternative substrates
is the key to further promoting cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatusin southern China.
[0003] Pleurotus ostreatus is a wood-rot fungus, and the main carbon sources
used are lignin and cellulose. Rape and rice are the main cultivated crops in southern
China which have a very large cultivation area and a high production of straw. Taking
Jiangxi Province as an example, the annual output of rape straw and rice straw is
about 7.2 million tons and 120 million tons, respectively. Rape and rice straw are
usually being burned in large quantities for fertilizer fields, which is easily causing
serious air pollution and sometimes even fires. Rape and rice straw are rich in
cellulose and lignin. If they can be used for the cultivation of edible fungi, it will not
only reduces the air pollution caused by burning straw and the rural environmental
pollution caused by discarded straw, but also provides a large amount of cheap and
easy-to-obtain cultivation substrates for mushrooms cultivation, that is, to turn waste into treasure.
[0004] Rape and rice straw have not been used for large-scale cultivation of
Pleurotus ostreatus. The key problem is that there is no suitable cultivation formula
and mature and high-yield cultivation method. Some attempts to cultivate Pleurotus
ostreatus with rape or rice straw generally have some disadvantages such as low yield
or complicated cultivation methods. Problems such as low yield and high infection
rate normally increase the overall cost of edible fungus cultivation and make edible
fungus producers unprofitable which hinder the promotion of Pleurotus ostreatus
cultivation on a large scale.
[0005] The purpose of the present disclosure is to overcome the disadvantages of
high cost of cultivation, limited raw materials, complicated cultivation methods, etc.
The present disclosure provides a new cultivation substrate for cultivating Pleurotus
ostreatus by using rape straw and rice straw and a method for making the same. The
cultivation substrate has the characteristics of cheap and abundant raw materials,
simple preparation, convenient storage, and high yield. The method for cultivating
Pleurotus ostreatus using the substrate is simple and easy to master, does not have
any requirement for equipment and site, and has low pollution rate and high yield.
[0006] The technical solutions of the present disclosure to solve the
aforementioned technical problems are as follows:
[0007] A substrate for cultivating Pleurotus ostreatus, which includes the
following components by mass percentage: rape straw 30%-80%, rice straw
12.5%-62.5%, wheat bran 5%, urea 0.5%, brown sugar 1%, gypsum 1%.
[0008] A method for preparing the substrate for cultivating Pleurotus ostreatus,
including the following steps:
[0009] Step 1. soaking the rape straw and rice straw in 3% lime water for about
48 hours, then filtering out and drying:
[0010] Step 2: crushing the rape straw and rice straw into short stalks about 5-15
mm in length:
[0011] Step 3. using the short stalk-shaped straw obtained in the step 2 to mix
with the following components by mass percentage: rape straw 30%-80%, rice straw
12.5%-62.5%, and matched with wheat bran 5 %, urea 0.5%, brown sugar 1%,
gypsum 1%;
[0012] Step 4. mixing the components well to obtain the cultivation substrate and
putting them into a bag, the water content of the cultivation substrate is 60%~70 %
, and the weight of each bag of the cultivation substrate is 200~1000g;
[0013] Step 5. sterilizing with 121°C high pressure steam for 50 min;
[0014] Step 6. cooling down.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present disclosrue has the following positive effects:
[0016] (1) The substrate is derived from the by-products of rape and rice, and has
a wide range of sources. It is the recycling and reuse of waste in rape and rice
production.
[0017] (2) The investment and the cost is low, and the substrate preparation
method is simple and easy, and it can be dispersed prepared or large-scale production.
[0018] (3) The biological efficiency is high. The economic benefits are
remarkable, and the market competitive advantage is obvious.
[0019] (4) It can completely solve difficult problems such as the difficulty of
returning rape straw to the field and curbing the environmental pollution, waste of
resources, and impact on traffic caused by straw burning.
[0020] Figure 1 shows the preparation flow chart of the new substrate for
Pleurotusostreatus cultivation.
[0021] Figure 2 shows the flow chart of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation with the new substrate.
[0022] The present disclosure will be further described below with reference to the figures and examples, but the content of the present disclosure is not limited to the
following examples.
[0023] The present disclosure is aimed at the problems of difficulty in rape straw recycling, long-term waste and pollution, and the problem that the traditional
Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation substrate with cotton seed husk as main material in
southern China cannot be obtained locally and the cost is relatively high. The use of
rape straw as the main material for Pleurotusostreatus cultivation substrate solves the
problems of high-efficiency recovery and utilization of rape straw and the high cost
of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation in the southern region, and also opens up a new
way of recycling farmland waste. Repeated experiments have proved that rape straw
can be used as the main material for cultivating Pleurotus ostreatus. The cultivation
effect of Pleurotus ostreatus with different mass ratios of rape straw and rice straw is
shown in Table 1.
[0024] Table 1. effect of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation with different mass ratios of rape straw and rice straw Rape Rice straw Wheat Urea Brown sugar Gypsum Biological straw bran efficiency % 62.5% 5% 0.5% 1% 1% 63% % 52.5% 5% 0.5% 1% 1% 65% % 42.5% 5% 0.5% 1% 1% 78% % 32.5% 5% 0.5% 1% 1% 88% % 22.5% 5% 0.5% 1% 1% 84% % 12.5% 5% 0.5% 1% 1% 75%
[0025] Example 1
[0026] A new method for cultivating Pleurotus ostreatus with rape straw and
rice straw as the main materials, including the following steps:
[0027] Step 1. soaking rape straw and rice straw in 3% lime water for about 48
hours, then filtering out and drying;
[0028] Step 2: crushing the rape straw and the rice straw into short stalks about
~15 mm in length;
[0029] Step 3. using the short stalk-shaped straw obtained in the step 2 to mix
with the following components by mass percentage: rape straw 30%, rice straw 62.5%,
and matched with wheat bran 5 %, urea 0.5%, brown sugar 1%, gypsum 1%;
[0030] Step 4. mixing the components well to obtain the cultivation substrate and
putting them into a bag, the water content of the cultivation substrate is 60%~70 %
, and the weight of each bag of the cultivation substrate is 200g;
[0031] Step 5. sterilizing with 121°C high pressure steam for 50 min;;
[0032] Step 6. cooling down and inoculating: cooling the fungus bag to 25°C and
inoculating, the inoculation amount is 5%~8%;
[0033] Step 7. cultivating mycelium: cultivating the mycelium for 20~30 days
under the condition of temperature 25°C~32°C and air humidity 30%~50%;
[0034] Step 8. pressing bud and opening the bag, cultivating for 4~7 days under
the condition of temperature 15°C~25°C and air humidity 50%~ 6 0 % ;
[0035] Step 9. fruiting management, cultivating for 6~8 days under the condition
of temperature 15°C~25°C and air humidity 60%~80%;
[0036] Step 10. harvesting the first crop of mushroom;
[0037] Step 11. cultivating the mycelium for 3~4 days under the condition of
temperature 25°C-32°C and air humidity 30%~50%;
[0038] Step 12. supplementing water, cultivating for 10~16 days under the
condition of temperature 15°C~25°C and air humidity 50%~60%;
[0039] Step 13. fruiting management, cultivating for 6~8 days under the condition of temperature 15°C~25°C and air humidity 60%~80%;
[0040] Step 14. harvesting the second crop of mushroom.
[0041] Table 2. effect of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation with 30% rape straw and
62.5% rice straw as main materials Index Average Mushro wet weight wet wet weight Conver daily om of the first weight of of the two sion growth of growing crop of the second crops of rates
% myceliu cycle(d) mushroom crop of mushroom m (cm) (g) mushroom (g) processing (g) 1 0.60 64 75 51 126 63% 2 0.53 64 100 10 110 55%
3 0.68 64 120 22 142 71% 4 0.68 64 92 43 135 68% 5 0.65 64 73 55 120 60%
[0042] Example 2
[0043] A new method for cultivating Pleurotus ostreatus with rape straw and
rice straw as the main materials, including the following steps:
[0044] Step 1. soaking rape straw and rice straw in 3% lime water for about 48
hours, then filtering out and drying;
[0045] Step 2: crushing the rape straw and the rice straw into short stalks about
~15 mm in length;
[0046] Step 3. using the short stalk-shaped straw obtained in the step 2 to mix
with the following components by mass percentage: rape straw 60%, rice straw 32.5%,
and matched with wheat bran 5 %, urea 0.5%, brown sugar 1%, gypsum 1%;
[0047] Step 4. mixing the components well to obtain the cultivation substrate and
putting them into a bag, the water content of the cultivation substrate is 60%~70%,
and the weight of each bag of the cultivation substrate is 200 g;
[0048] Step 5. sterilizing with 121C high pressure steam for 50 min;;
[0049] Step 6. cooling down and inoculating: cooling the fungus bag to 25°C and inoculating, the inoculation amount is 5%~8%;
[0050] Step 7. cultivating mycelium: cultivating the mycelium for 20~30 days
under the condition of temperature 25°C~32°C and air humidity 30%~50%;
[0051] Step 8. pressing bud and opening the bag, cultivating for 4~7 days under
the condition of temperature 15°C~25°C and air humidity 50%~60%;
[0052] Step 9. fruiting management, cultivating for 6~8 days under the condition
of temperature 15°C~25°C and air humidity 60%~80%;
[0053] Step 10. harvesting the first crop of mushroom;
[0054] Step 11. cultivating the mycelium for 3~4 days under the condition of
temperature 25°C-32°C and air humidity 30%~50%;
[0055] Step 12. supplementing water, cultivating for 10~16 days under the
condition of temperature 15°C~25°C and air humidity 50%~60%;
[0056] Step 13. fruiting management, cultivating for 6~8 days under the condition
of temperature 15°C~25°C and air humidity 60%~80%;
[0057] Step 14. harvesting the second crop of mushroom.
[0058] Table 3. effect of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation with 60% rape straw and
32.5% rice straw as main materials Index Average Mushro wet weight wet wet weight Conver daily om of first crop weight of of the two sion growth growing of second crops of rates %
of cycle(d) mushroom crop of mushroom myceliu (g) mushroom (g) processing m (cm) (g) 1 0.83 83 120 42 162 81% 2 0.85 66 110 53 163 82%
3 0.83 72 176 55 231 116% 4 0.83 64 118 49 167 83% 5 0.83 78 132 45 177 89%
[0059] Example 3
[0060] A new method for cultivating Pleurotus ostreatus with rape straw and
rice straw as the main materials, including the following steps:
[0061] Step 1. soaking rape straw and rice straw in 3% lime water for about 48
hours, then filtering out and drying;
[0062] Step 2: crushing the rape straw and the rice straw into short stalks about
~15 mm in length;
[0063] Step 3. using the short stalk-shaped straw obtained in the step 2 to mix
with the following components by mass percentage: rape straw 80%, rice straw 12.5%,
and matched with wheat bran 5 %, urea 0.5%, brown sugar 1%, gypsum 1%;
[0064] Step 4. mixing the components well to obtain the cultivation substrate and
putting them into a bag, the water content of the cultivation substrate is 60%~70 %
, and the weight of each bag of the cultivation substrate is 200 g;
[0065] Step 5. sterilizing with 121°C high pressure steam for 50 min;
[0066] Step 6. cooling down and inoculating: cooling the fungus bag to 25°C and
inoculating, the inoculation amount is 5%~8%;
[0067] Step 7. cultivating mycelium: cultivating the mycelium for 20~30 days
under the condition of temperature 25°C~32°C and air humidity 30%~50%;
[0068] Step 8. pressing bud and opening the bag, cultivating for 4~7 days under
the condition of temperature 15°C~25°C and air humidity 50%~60%;
[0069] Step 9. fruiting management, cultivating for 6~8 days under the condition
of temperature 15°C~25°C and air humidity 60%~80%;
[0070] Step 10. harvesting the first crop of mushroom;
[0071] Step 11. cultivating the mycelium for 3~4 days under the condition of
temperature 25°C-32°C and air humidity 30%~50%;
[0072] Step 12. supplementing water, cultivating for 10~16 days under the
condition of temperature 15°C~25°C and air humidity 50%~60%;
[0073] Step 13. fruiting management, cultivating for 6~8 days under the condition
of temperature 15°C~25°C and air humidity 60%~80%;
[0074] Step 14. harvesting the second crop of mushroom.
[0075] Table 4. effect of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation with 80% rape straw and
12.5% rice straw as main materials Index Average Mushro wet weight wet wet weight Conver daily om of first crop weight of of the two sion growth of growing of second crops of rates% myceliu cycle mushroom crop of mushroom m (cm) (d) (g) mushroom (g) Processing (g) 1 0.83 73 112 56 168 84% 2 0.78 84 97 45 142 71%
3 0.80 78 92 55 147 74% 4 0.80 81 107 40 147 74% 5 0.83 84 96 50 146 73%
Claims (1)
- Claims 1. A substrate for cultivating Pleurotus ostreatus comprising the followingcomponents by mass percentage: rapestraw 30%~80%, rice straw 12.5%~62.5%,wheat bran 5%, urea 0.5%, brown sugar 1%, gypsum 1%.2. A method for preparing a substrate for cultivating Pleurotus ostreatus comprisingsteps of:Step 1. soaking rape straw and rice straw in 3% lime water for about 48 hours, thenfiltering out and drying:Step 2: crushing the rape straw and rice straw into short stalks about 5~15 mm inlength:Step 3. using the short stalk-shaped straw obtained in the step 2 to mix with thefollowing materials by mass percentage: rape straw 30%~80 % , rice straw12.5%~62.5%, and matched with wheat bran 5 %, urea 0. 5 %, brown sugar 1%,gypsum 1%;Step 4. mixing the components well to obtain the cultivation substrate and puttingthem into a bag, the water content of the cultivation substrate is 60%~70%, and theweight of each bag of the cultivation substrate is 200~1000g;Step 5. sterilizing with 121C high pressure steam for 50 min;Step 6. cooling down.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114568210A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-06-03 | 贵州省生物研究所 | Winter small foot mushroom culture medium and culture method |
CN114793759A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-07-29 | 长治学院 | Oyster mushroom culture medium prepared from traditional Chinese medicine residues and preparation method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-08-20 AU AU2021106191A patent/AU2021106191A4/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114568210A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-06-03 | 贵州省生物研究所 | Winter small foot mushroom culture medium and culture method |
CN114793759A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-07-29 | 长治学院 | Oyster mushroom culture medium prepared from traditional Chinese medicine residues and preparation method thereof |
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