AU2021106185A4 - Pleurotus giganteus cultivation substrate and method for preparing same - Google Patents
Pleurotus giganteus cultivation substrate and method for preparing same Download PDFInfo
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- AU2021106185A4 AU2021106185A4 AU2021106185A AU2021106185A AU2021106185A4 AU 2021106185 A4 AU2021106185 A4 AU 2021106185A4 AU 2021106185 A AU2021106185 A AU 2021106185A AU 2021106185 A AU2021106185 A AU 2021106185A AU 2021106185 A4 AU2021106185 A4 AU 2021106185A4
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- Prior art keywords
- giganteus
- pleurotus
- cultivation
- substrate
- rape straw
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 241001450521 Pleurotus giganteus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 abstract description 11
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000222350 Pleurotus Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000000599 Lentinula edodes Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001715 Lentinula edodes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000007685 Pleurotus columbinus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001462 Pleurotus ostreatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001603 Pleurotus ostreatus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006794 Volvariella volvacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930182817 methionine Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
Landscapes
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The present disclosure relates to edible fungus cultivation, and discloses a Pleurotus
giganteus cultivation substrate and a method for preparing the same. The substrate
includes the following components by mass percentage: rape straw 40%~80%, cotton
seed husk 0%~38%, miscellaneous sawdust 0%~40%, bran 18%, sugar 1%, gypsum
1%. To prepare this substrate, rape straw needs to be crushed into particles, and then
soaked in 2% lime water for 48 hours. This cultivation substrate is rich in nutrients,
provides sufficient nutrients for the growth of Pleurotus giganteus, and solves the
problem of the shortage of raw materials for the Pleurotus giganteus cultivation in the
southern China. The method of using this substrate to cultivate Pleurotus giganteus is
simple and easy, which does not have any requirement for equipment and site, and has
low pollution and high yield. At the same time, it is a reasonable utilization method to
turn waste into treasure, which can not only increase the income of mushroom farmers,
but also protect the environment.
Description
[0001] The present disclosure relates to a cultivation substrate and cultivation method, and more particularly relates to a Pleurotus giganteus cultivation substrate
and a method for preparing the same.
[0002] Pleurotus giganteus (Berk.) Karun. & K.D. Hyde, also known as big cup Pleurotusand pork belly mushroom, is delicious, nutritious, and has a unique and rich
fragrance which make it the best product among fungi. Pleurotus giganteus is rich in
16 amino acids, especially methionine with nearly twice content as high as shiitake,
straw mushroom, and Pleurotus ostreatus. Large scale production of Pleurotus
giganteus needs to consume a huge amount of cultivation substrates. With the
vigorous development of the edible fungus industry in recent years, the price of
traditional Pleurotus giganteus cultivation substrates such as cottonseed husk and
sawdust has been rising year by year in southern China with poor quality and low
output. Therefore, the research and development of large-quantity, easy-to-obtain and
low-cost alternative substrates is the key to further promoting cultivation of Pleurotus
giganteus in southern China.
[0003] Pleurotus giganteus belongs to wood-rot soil fungi, which has a strong decomposing effect on lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, etc. At present, the Pleurotus
giganteus is mainly cultivated with wood chips, cottonseed husk, and corn cobs, etc.,
supplemented by bran. Rape is one of the main oil crops in China. Since 2009, the
national output of rapeseed has reached about 1.29x107 tons. Rape straw with the
annual production output of 2.06x109 tons accounts for 160% of the weight of rapeseed. Rape straw cannot be used as livestock feed for its hard texture and a waxy layer on the surface. Normally, the main treatment to the rape straw is through direct incineration which may cause pollution, such as increasing the content of PM2.5 in the air, and even causing smog. If rape straw can be used as a cultivation substrate for edible fungi, it will not only increase an efficient and green use of rape straw, but also provide a large number of cheap and easily available raw materials for the cultivation of edible fungi. This can promote the development of the edible fungus industry, bring us economic benefits, and reduce environmental pollution.
[0004] So far, there are no reports in the literature about the use of rape straw as a raw material for cultivating Pleurotus giganteus. The key problem is that there is no
suitable formula of the cultivation substrate and the mature and high-yield cultivation
method.
[0005] The purpose of the present disclosure is to develop a Pleurotus giganteus cultivation substrate with high yield, low price and simple cultivation method. The
present disclosure provides a new cultivation substrate using rape straw, sawdust, and
cotton seed husk, a method for preparing the same, and a method for cultivating
Pleurotus giganteus using the cultivation substrate. The method of using this
substrate to cultivate Pleurotus giganteus is simple and easy to master, and does not
have any requirements for equipment and site with low pollution and high yield. At
the same time, it is a reasonable utilization way to turn waste into treasure, which can
not only increase the income of mushroom farmers, but also protect the environment.
[0006] The technical solutions of the present disclosure to solve the
aforementioned technical problems are as follows:
[0007] A Pleurotus giganteus cultivation substrate, which includes the following components by mass percentage: rape straw 40%~80%, cotton seed husk 0%~38%,
sawdust 0%~40%, bran 18%, sugar 1%, gypsum 1 %.
[0008] A method for preparing the Pleurotus giganteus cultivation substrate
including steps of:
[0009] Step 1. using a crusher to crush the rape straw into fine particles;
[0010] Step 2. soaking the rape straw powder in 2% lime water for 48 hours, then
filtering out, rinsing, and drying;
[0011] Step 3. using the rape straw obtained in the step 2 to mix with the
following components by mass percentage: rape straw 40%~80%, cotton seed husk
%~38%, sawdust 0%~40%, bran 18%, sugar 1%, and gypsum 1%;
[0012] Step 4. mixing the components well to obtain the cultivation substrate and
putting them into a bag, the water content of the cultivation substrate is 65%, and the
dry weight of each bag of the cultivation substrate is 140~180 g;
[0013] Step 5. sterilizing with 121°C high pressure steam for 100 min;
[0014] Step 6. cooling down to room temperature.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following positive effects:
[0016] (1) The substrate is derived from the by-products of rapeseed and has a
wide range of sources. It is the recycling and reuse of waste in rape production.
[0017] (2) The investment and the cost is low, and the substrate preparation
method is simple and easy, and it can be dispersed prepared or large-scale production.
[0018] (3) The biological efficiency is high, and the fruiting times are clear. The
economic benefits are remarkable, and the market competitive advantage is obvious.
[0019] (4) It can completely solve difficult problems such as the difficulty of
returning rape straw to the field and curbing the environmental pollution, waste of
resources, and impact on traffic caused by straw burning.
[0020] Figure 1 shows the process for preparing Pleurotus giganteus cultivation
substrate.
[0021] Figure 2 shows the cultivation process of Pleurotusgiganteus.
[0022] The disclosure aims at the problems of difficulty in recycling rape straw,
long-term waste and pollution, as well as high cost and the inability to obtain for the
traditional cotton seed husk.
[0023] In southern China, the use of rape straw as the main material to cultivate
Pleurotus giganteus solves the problems of efficient recycling of rape straw and the
high cost of Pleurotus giganteus cultivation in southern regions, and opens up a new
way of recycling farmland waste. Repeated experiments have proved that rape straw
can be used as the main material for cultivating Pleurotus giganteus. The effect of
different mass ratios of rape straw, cotton seed husk and sawdust in cultivating
Pleurotus giganteus are listed in Table 1.
[0024] Table 1. effect of Pleurotus giganteus cultivation with different mass
ratios of rape straw, cotton seed husk and sawdust rape cotton seed sawdust bran % sugar % gypsum biological straw % husk % % % efficiency % 38 40 18 1 1 74.5 38 0 18 1 1 55.3 0 0 18 1 1 100.4
[0025] Example 1
[0026] A method for preparing the substrate with rape straw, cotton seed
husk and sawdust, including the steps of:
[0027] Step 1. using a crusher to crush the rape straw into fine particles;
[0028] Step 2. soaking the rape straw powder in 2% lime water for 48 hours, then
filtering out, rinsing, and drying;
[0029] Step 3. mixing the following components by mass percentage: rape straw
%~80%, bran 18%, sugar 1%, and gypsum 1%;
[0030] Step 4. mixing the components well to obtain the cultivation substrate and putting them into a bag, the water content of the cultivation substrate is 65%, and the dry weight of each bag of the cultivation substrate is 140~180 g;
[0031] Step 5. sterilizing with 121°C high pressure steam for 100 min;
[0032] Example 2
[0033] A method for cultivating Pleurotus giganteus with rape straw, cotton
seed husk and sawdust, including the steps of:
[0034] Step 1. cooling down and inoculating: cooling the fungus bag prepared in
the example 1 to room temperature and inoculating, the inoculation amount is 20-30
mycelium balls per bag of cultivation substrate;
[0035] Step 2. cultivating mycelium: culturing the mycelium for 25-40 days under
the condition of temperature 25°C~32C and air humidity 30%~50%;
[0036] Step 3. pressing bud and removing the bag, covering the fungus stick with
3 cm in thickness of vegetable garden soil after the bag has been removed, cultivating
for 5~7 days under the condition of temperature 26°C~30°C and air humidity
%~85%;
[0037] Step 4. fruiting management, cultivating for 5~7 days under the condition
of temperature 26°C~32C and air humidity 85%~95%;
[0038] Step 5. harvesting the first crop of mushrooms;
[0039] Step 6. culturing the mycelium under the condition of temperature 25°C
~32°C and air humidity 30%~50% for 2~4 days;
[0040] Step 7. pressing bud, culturing for 5~7 days under the condition of
temperature 26C~30°C and air humidity 70%~85%;
[0041] Step 8. fruiting management, culturing for 5~7 days under the condition of
temperature 26°C32C and air humidity 85%-95%;
[0042] Step 9. harvesting the second crop of mushrooms.
[0043] Table 2. Cultivation effect of Pleurotusgiganteus with 40% rape straw and
38% cotton seed husk as the main materials
Processin Average daily wet weight wet weight wet weight of biological g index growth of of first of second the two crops efficiency mycelium (cm) crop (g) crop (g) (g)
% 1 0.267 46.12 40.6 86.81 48.8 2 0.283 74.55 0 74.56 41.9 3 0.233 57.27 38.33 95.6 53.7 4 0.283 45.24 54.68 99.92 56.1 0.276 58.09 47 105.09 59.0 6 0.216 66.04 41.18 107.22 60.2 7 0.273 93.6 21.52 115.12 64.7 8 0.253 86.7 0 86.7 48.7 9 0.263 77 15.58 92.58 52.0 0.276 68 52.92 120.92 67.9
[0044] Example 3
[0045] A method for cultivating Pleurotus giganteus with rape straw, cotton
seed husk and sawdust, including the steps of:
[0046] Step 1. cooling down and inoculating: cooling the fungus bag prepared in
the example 1 to room temperature and inoculating, the inoculation amount is 20-30
mycelium balls per bag of substrate;
[0047] Step 2. cultivating mycelium: culturing the mycelium for 25-40 days under
the condition of temperature 25°C~32C and air humidity 30%~50%;
[0048] Step 3. pressing bud and removing the bag, covering the fungus stick with
3 cm in thickness of vegetable garden soil after the bag has been removed, cultivating
for 5~7 days under the condition of temperature 26°C~30°C and air humidity
%~85%;
[0049] Step 4. fruiting management, cultivating for 5~7 days under the condition
of temperature 26°C~32C and air humidity 85%~95%;
[0050] Step 5. harvesting the first crop of mushrooms;
[0051] Step 6. culturing the mycelium under the condition of temperature 25°C
~32°C and air humidity 30%~50% for 2~4 days;
[0052] Step 7. pressing bud, culturing for 5~7 days under the condition of temperature 26C~30°C and air humidity 70%~85%;
[0053] Step 8. fruiting management, culturing for 5~7 days under the condition of
temperature 26°C~32C and air humidity 85%-95%;
[0054] Step 9. harvesting the second crop of mushrooms.
[0055] Table 3 Cultivation effect of Pleurotus giganteus with 80% rape straw as
the main materials.
Processing Average wet weight wet weight wet weight biological index daily of first crop of second of the two efficiency growth of (g) crop (g) crops (g)
% mycelium (cm) 1 0.264 77.37 82.7 160.07 110.1 2 0.191 96.23 65.88 162.11 111.5 3 0.250 64.72 98.8 163.52 112.4 4 0.230 37.58 82.6 120.18 82.6 0.265 56.73 83.91 140.64 96.7 6 0.250 43 82.1 125.1 86.0 7 0.269 93.6 35.6 129.2 88.8 8 0.305 78.2 88.8 167 114.8 9 0.272 96.4 45.2 141.6 97.4 10 0.270 150.3 0 150.3 103.3
Claims (2)
- Claims 1. A Pleurotus giganteus cultivation substrate comprising following components bymass percentage: rape straw 40%-80%, cotton seed husk 0%- 3 8 %, sawdust 0%- 4 0 %, bran 18%, sugar 1%, gypsum 1%.
- 2. A method for preparing Pleurotus giganteus cultivation substrate comprising stepsof:Step 1. using a crusher to crush the rape straw into fine particles;Step 2. soaking the rape straw powder in 2% lime water for 48 hours, then filteringout, rinsing, and drying;Step 3. using the rape stalks obtained in the step 2 to mix it with the followingcomponents by mass percentage: rape straw 40%~80%, cotton seed husk 0%~38%,miscellaneous sawdust 0% , 4 0% and bran 18%, sugar 1%, gypsum 1%;Step 4. mixing the components well to obtain the cultivation substrate and puttingthem into a bag, the water content of the cultivation substrate is 65%, and the dryweight of each bag of the cultivation substrate is 140~180 g;Step 5. sterilizing with 121 C high pressure steam for 100 min;Step 6. cooling down to room temperature.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2021109043286 | 2021-08-06 | ||
| CN202110904328 | 2021-08-06 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2021106185A4 true AU2021106185A4 (en) | 2021-10-28 |
Family
ID=78207513
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2021106185A Ceased AU2021106185A4 (en) | 2021-08-06 | 2021-08-20 | Pleurotus giganteus cultivation substrate and method for preparing same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2021106185A4 (en) |
-
2021
- 2021-08-20 AU AU2021106185A patent/AU2021106185A4/en not_active Ceased
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FGI | Letters patent sealed or granted (innovation patent) | ||
| MK22 | Patent ceased section 143a(d), or expired - non payment of renewal fee or expiry |