AU2021103568A4

AU2021103568A4 - A cultivation method for bag-planted flammulina velutipes fruiting

Info

Publication number: AU2021103568A4
Application number: AU2021103568A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Danzeng Baima; Junsheng FU; Lei Gao; Huijuan Sun; Rong Xie; Junli Zhang; Xuefeng Zhu
Original assignee: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University; Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine of Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences
Current assignee: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University; Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine of Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences
Priority date: 2021-06-23
Filing date: 2021-06-23
Publication date: 2021-08-12
Anticipated expiration: 2029-06-23

Abstract

The present invention provides a cultivation method for bag-planted Flammulina velutipes fruiting, which includes 30 days after inoculation until the fungus bag is overgrown with mycelia, after-ripening of 3 - 5 days, cutting out the plastic bag film of 1 - 1.5 cm from the material surface, ruffling with the scratching machine, cutting off the 1 cm material from the material surface, and carrying out fruiting-managing in the mushroom house without irrigation. Compared with the traditional orthotropous method and regeneration method, this method is characterized by shortening the production cycle by more than 30% with the biotransformation rate of 98%, which can be widely popularized as a new cultivation mode of Flammulina velutipes.

Description

A Cultivation Method for Bag-Planted Flammulina Velutipes Fruiting Technical Field The present invention relates to the technical field of edible fungi cultivation, in particular to a cultivation method of bag-planted Flammulina velutipes fruiting. Background As one of the common edible fungi in China, Flammulina velutipes is popular with its crisp stipe, slimy pileus, delicious flavor and rich nutrition. Flammulina velutipes contains a complete set of essential amino acids, especially lysine and arginine with high zinc content, which has a beneficial effect on intelligence, especially for the height and intellectual development of children, dubbed the "Mind-Enhancing Mushroom"; besides that, Flammulina velutipes contains a substance called Flammulin, which can strengthen the organic resist ability for cancer cells, and regular intake of Flammulina velutipes can help lower cholesterol, prevent liver diseases and gastrointestinal ulcers, promote "Zhenqi" of the body, prevent diseases and achieve the fitness; Flammulina velutipes can also inhibit increased blood lipid, lower cholesterol, and prevent and treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular; regular consumption of Flammulina velutipes can not only prevent and treat liver diseases and gastrointestinal ulcers, but also be suitable for hypertension patients, obese people and middle aged and elderly people, mainly because it is a kind of high potassium low sodium food. At present, the cultivation of Flammulina velutipes in factory farm in China is mainly managed by the traditional cultivation "orthotropous method" of ruffling fruiting and the "regeneration method" of "bud pressing - inhibition - regeneration". The ruffling process of orthotropous method is completed by manual work, and it is easy to lead to irregular fruiting and unstable yield with insufficient ruffling; although the regeneration method has higher yield, it is more difficult to manage than the orthotropous method, and the regeneration method prolongs the fruiting time and increases the planting cost. Summary

The present invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a cultivation method for bag-planted Flammulina velutipes fruiting Technical scheme of the present invention: select high-quality strains, corn cob, sawdust, wheat bran as raw materials, then get the fungus bag for production by stirring, bagging, sterilization, inoculation and cultivation. Finally, the whole cultivation process is completed through exposure fruiting, fruiting-managing, collection and later-stage management.

A cultivation method for bag-planted Flammulina velutipes fruiting with high efficiency, which comprises the following steps: 1. Selection of strains: select the varieties of Flammulina velutipes with no microbial contamination, well-grown mycelia and suitable for local climate as the provenance. 2. Raw material composition: mix corn cob, bran and sawdust in the mass ratio of 2:1:1 to get cultivation material. 3. Mixing materials and bagging: mix the above materials until all well combined, and adjust the moisture to 55 - 70%. Put the mixed materials into the 20 cm x 40 cm planterbag. 4. Sterilization and inoculation: put the prepared cultivation material basket into the autoclave and sterilize at 121°C for 150 - 180 minutes. When the temperature of the cultivation material drops to 36 - 40°C, sow the Flammulina velutipes strains into the planterbag with the mass ratio of the strain to the cultivation material of 1:10. Turn over the material to mix the strains and the cultivation material uniformly with the effect of loosening the cultivation material; 5. Germination: control the temperature of the culture room at 19 - 21°C, the material temperature of fungus bag below 24°C, and the relative air humidity below 63%. Ensure ventilation 6 - 8 times a day for 8 - 10 minutes each time after the mycelia is covered. Meanwhile, strengthen the ventilation management to prevent the slow growth of mycelia caused by hypoxia in the bag. The fungus bag is overgrown with mycelia after inoculating and germinating for 30 days with after-ripening of 4 - 6 days. 6. Bag-opening: cut out the plastic bag film of 1 - 1.5 cm from the material surface. Adjust the scratching machine to a suitable speed and drive the blade to work. One person holds the two fungus bags at the same time, puts them in a fixed position, pushes them to the running blade and completes ruffling in two seconds. Cut off 1 cm material from the material surface, and then carry out fruiting-managing in the mushroom house without irrigation. 7. Bud pressing: in the first 3 - 5 days, the mycelia on the material surface is mainly recovered. Keep the temperature at 16°C and humidity at 90%, and strengthen ventilation; on the 5th-7th day, the mycelia begins to kink into fishseed like primordium. Control the temperature at 14°C and humidity at 85%, and reduce ventilation. The temperature is gradually reduced to suppressing acclimation temperature during the differentiation from primordium into mushroom buds, specifically to 12°C on the 8th - 9th day, 10°C on the 10th 11th day, 9°C on the 12th - 13th day and 8°C on the 14th - 15th day; 8. Suppression: after the formation of mushroom buds with the stalk growth of 3 - 5 cm, wrap with the plastic covers and transfer to the suppression chamber. Keep the temperature at 4 - 6°C and illumination for 4 - 8 hours every day with a cycle of 6 - 8 days. 9. Elongation of the stalk: keep the temperature at 6 - 8°C with a cycle of 6 - 8 days, and strictly control the illumination, ventilation and humidity until harvesting.

Advantages of the present invention: compared with the traditional orthotropous method and regeneration method, this cultivation method for bag-planted Flammulina velutipes fruiting with high efficiency and simple operation is characterized by shortening the production cycle by more than 30% with the biotransformation rate of 98%, which can be widely popularized as a new cultivation mode of Flammulina velutipes. Detailed Description Embodiment 1 1. Selection of strains: select the varieties of Flammulina velutipes with no microbial contamination, well-grown mycelia and suitable for local climate as the provenance. 2. Raw material composition: mix corn cob, bran and sawdust in the ratio of 2:1:1 to get cultivation material. 3. Mixing materials and bagging: mix the above materials until all well combined, and adjust the moisture to 55%. Put the mixed materials into the 20 cm x 40 cm planterbag. 4. Sterilization and inoculation: put the prepared cultivation material basket into the autoclave and sterilize at 121°C for 160 minutes. When the temperature of the cultivation material drops to 37°C, sow the Flammulina velutipes strains into the planterbag. Turn over the material to mix the strains and the cultivation material uniformly with the effect of loosening the cultivation material; 5. Germination: control the temperature of the culture room at 19°C, the material temperature of fungus bag below 24°C, and the relative air humidity below 63%. Ensure ventilation 7 times a day for 9 minutes each time after the mycelia is covered. Meanwhile, strengthen the ventilation management to prevent the slow growth of mycelia caused by hypoxia in the bag. The fungus bag is overgrown with mycelia after inoculating and germinating for 30 days with after-ripening of 5 days. 6. Bag-opening: cut out the plastic bag film of 1 cm from the material surface. Adjust the scratching machine to a suitable speed and drive the blade to work. One person holds the two fungus bags at the same time, puts them in a fixed position, pushes them to the running blade and completes ruffling in two seconds. Cut off 1 cm material from the material surface, and then carry out fruiting-managing in the mushroom house without irrigation. 7. Bud pressing: in the first 3 - 5 days, the mycelia on the material surface is mainly recovered. Keep the temperature at 16°C and humidity at 90%, and strengthen ventilation; on the 5th-7th day, the mycelia begins to kink into fishseed like primordium. Control the temperature at 14°C and humidity at 85%, and reduce ventilation. The temperature is gradually reduced to suppressing acclimation temperature during the differentiation from primordium into mushroom buds, specifically to 12°C on the 8th - 9th day, 10°C on the 10th 11th day, 9°C on the 12th - 13th day and 8°C on the 14th - 15th day;

8. Suppression: after the formation of mushroom buds with the stalk growth of 4 cm, wrap with the plastic covers and transfer to the suppression chamber. Keep the temperature at °C and illumination for 6 hours every day with a cycle of 7 days. 9. Elongation of the stalk: keep the temperature at 7°C with a cycle of 7 days, and strictly control the illumination, ventilation and humidity until harvesting. Embodiment 2 1. Selection of strains: select the varieties of Flammulina velutipes with no microbial contamination, well-grown mycelia and suitable for local climate as the provenance. 2. Raw material composition: mix corn cob, bran and sawdust in the ratio of 2:1:1 to get cultivation material. 3. Mixing materials and bagging: mix the above materials until all well combined, and adjust the moisture to 70%. Put the mixed materials into the 20 cm x 40 cm planterbag. 4. Sterilization and inoculation: put the prepared cultivation material basket into the autoclave and sterilize at 121°C for 160 minutes. When the temperature of the cultivation material drops to 37°C, sow the Flammulina velutipes strains into the planterbag. Turn over the material to mix the strains and the cultivation material uniformly with the effect of loosening the cultivation material; 5. Germination: control the temperature of the culture room at 20°C, the material temperature of fungus bag below 24°C, and the relative air humidity below 60%. Ensure ventilation 6 times a day for 8 minutes each time after the mycelia is covered. Meanwhile, strengthen the ventilation management to prevent the slow growth of mycelia caused by hypoxia in the bag. The fungus bag is overgrown with mycelia after inoculating and germinating for 30 days with after-ripening of 4 days. 6. Bag-opening: cut out the plastic bag film of 1.5 cm from the material surface. Adjust the scratching machine to a suitable speed and drive the blade to work. One person holds the two fungus bags at the same time, puts them in a fixed position, pushes them to the running blade and completes ruffling in two seconds. Cut off 1 cm material from the material surface, and then carry out fruiting-managing in the mushroom house without irrigation. 7. Bud pressing: in the first 3 - 5 days, the mycelia on the material surface is mainly recovered. Keep the temperature at 16°C and humidity at 90%, and strengthen ventilation; on the 5th-7th day, the mycelia begins to kink into fishseed like primordium. Control the temperature at 14°C and humidity at about 85%, and reduce ventilation. The temperature is gradually reduced to suppressing acclimation temperature during the differentiation from primordium into mushroom buds, specifically to 12°C on the 8th - 9th day, 10°C on the 10th 11th day, 9°C on the 12th - 13th day and 8°C on the 14th - 15th day;

8. Suppression: after the formation of mushroom buds with the stalk growth of 3 cm, wrap with the plastic covers and transfer to the suppression chamber. Keep the temperature at 4°C and illumination for 4 hours every day with a cycle of 6 days. 9. Elongation of the stalk: keep the temperature at 6°C with a cycle of 6 days, and strictly control the illumination, ventilation and humidity until harvesting. Embodiment 3 1. Selection of strains: select the varieties of Flammulina velutipes with no microbial contamination, well-grown mycelia and suitable for local climate as the provenance. 2. Raw material composition: mix corn cob, bran and sawdust in the ratio of 2:1:1 to get cultivation material. 3. Mixing materials and bagging: mix the above materials until all well combined, and adjust the moisture to 55%. Put the mixed materials into the 20 cm x 40 cm planterbag. 4. Sterilization and inoculation: put the prepared cultivation material basket into the autoclave and sterilize at 121°C for 160 minutes. When the temperature of the cultivation material drops to 37°C, sow the Flammulina velutipes strains into the planterbag. Turn over the material to mix the strains and the cultivation material uniformly with the effect of loosening the cultivation material; 5. Germination: control the temperature of the culture room at 21°C, the material temperature of fungus bag below 24°C, and the relative air humidity below 63%. Ensure ventilation 8 times a day for 10 minutes each time after the mycelia is covered. Meanwhile, strengthen the ventilation management to prevent the slow growth of mycelia caused by hypoxia in the bag. The fungus bag is overgrown with mycelia after inoculating and germinating for 30 days with after-ripening of 6 days. 6. Bag-opening: cut out the plastic bag film of 1 cm from the material surface. Adjust the scratching machine to a suitable speed and drive the blade to work. One person holds the two fungus bags at the same time, puts them in a fixed position, pushes them to the running blade and completes ruffling in two seconds. Cut off 1 cm material from the material surface, and then carry out fruiting-managing in the mushroom house without irrigation. 7. Bud pressing: in the first 3 - 5 days, the mycelia on the material surface is mainly recovered. Keep the temperature at 16°C and humidity at 90%, and strengthen ventilation; on the 5th-7th day, the mycelia begins to kink into fishseed like primordium. Control the temperature at 14°C and humidity at 85%, and reduce ventilation. The temperature is gradually reduced to suppressing acclimation temperature during the differentiation from primordium into mushroom buds, specifically to 12°C on the 8th - 9th day, 10°C on the 10th 11th day, 9°C on the 12th - 13th day and 8°C on the 14th - 15th day;

8. Suppression: after the formation of mushroom buds with the stalk growth of 5 cm, wrap with the plastic covers and transfer to the suppression chamber. Keep the temperature at 6°C and illumination for 8 hours every day with a cycle of 8 days. 9. Elongation of the stalk: keep the temperature at 8°C with a cycle of 8 days, and strictly control the illumination, ventilation and humidity until harvesting. The specific cultivation results in each embodiment are shown in the following table: Indicator Length Size Lengt Cultivatio Transformati Color of Uniformit Densit Process of of h of n cycle d on rate % mushroo y of y mushroo Pileus adhesi m fruiting m cm mm on cm body Embodiment 3 16-18 6-9 2-4 55-61 95 ++- ++- ++ Embodiment 2 16-18 5-7 1-2 56-62 98 ++ +++ ++ Embodiment 1 13-15 4-6 4-6 55-60 100 +++ +++ +++

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equal changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent application of the present invention shall be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cultivation method for bag-planted Flammulina velutipes fruiting, characterized in that the method comprises the following: (1) Selection of strains: select the varieties of Flammulina velutipes with no microbial contamination, well-grown mycelia and suitable for local climate as the provenance; (2) Raw material composition: mix corn cob, bran and sawdust in the mass ratio of 2:1:1 to get cultivation material; (3) Mixing materials and bagging: mix the above materials until all well combined, and adjust the moisture to 55 - 70%; put the mixed materials into the 20 cm x 40 cm planterbag; (4) Sterilization and inoculation: put the prepared cultivation material basket into the autoclave, sterilize at 121C for 150 - 180 minutes. When the temperature of the cultivation material drops to 36 - 40°C, sow the Flammulina velutipes strains into the planterbag with the mass ratio of the strain to the cultivation material of 1:10. Turn over the material to mix the strains and the cultivation material uniformly with the effect of loosening the cultivation material; (5) Germination: control the temperature of the culture room at 19 - 21°C, the material temperature of fungus bag below 24°C, and the relative air humidity below 63%. Ensure ventilation 6 - 8 times a day for 8 - 10 minutes each time after the mycelia is covered; meanwhile, strengthen the ventilation management to prevent the slow growth of mycelia caused by hypoxia in the bag; the fungus bag is overgrown with mycelia after inoculating and germinating for 30 days with after-ripening of 4 - 6 days; (6) Bag-opening: cut out the plastic bag film of 1 - 1.5 cm from the material surface and ruffle with the scratching machine. Cut off 1 cm material from the material surface, and then carry out fruiting-managing in the mushroom house without irrigation. (7) Bud pressing: in the first 3 - 5 days, the mycelia on the material surface is mainly recovered. Keep the temperature at 16°C and humidity at 90%, and strengthen ventilation; on the 5th-7th day, the mycelia begins to kink into fishseed like primordium. Control the temperature at 14°C and humidity at 85%, and reduce ventilation. The temperature is gradually reduced to suppressing acclimation temperature during the differentiation from primordium into mushroom buds, specifically to 12°C on the 8th - 9th day, 10°C on the 10th 11th day, 9°C on the 12th - 13th day and 8°C on the 14th - 15th day; (8) Suppression: after the formation of mushroom buds with the stalk growth of 3 - 5 cm, wrap with the plastic covers and transfer to the suppression chamber. Keep the temperature at 4 - 6°C and illumination for 4 - 8 hours every day with a cycle of 6 - 8 days; (9) Elongation of the stalk: keep the temperature at 6 - 8°C with a cycle of 6 - 8 days, and strictly control the illumination, ventilation and humidity until harvesting.