AU2021102734A4 - Method for Improving Germination Rate of Seeds of Tall Fescue (Festuca Elata) under Drought Resistance - Google Patents
Method for Improving Germination Rate of Seeds of Tall Fescue (Festuca Elata) under Drought Resistance Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for improving the germination rate of
seeds of tall fescue (Festuca elata) under drought resistance, including the following
steps of: Step 1: pretreating the seeds of the tall fescue with full grains and uniform
size; Step 2: in early September, selecting a cooler sloping land, loosening soil,
applying a special fungus of the tall fescue and a slow-release tissue of the special
fungus of the tall fescue, then plowing the soil, sowing the seeds in the soil for shallow
ploughing, covering the soil of no more than 1 cm, and then watering the seeds; Step
3: during the growth process of the tall fescue, if the root of the tall fescue is more than
8 cm from a soil surface, irrigating the tall fescue every 3-4 weeks; if the root of the tall
fescue is below 8 cm from the soil surface, irrigating the tall fescue every 1-2 weeks,
where the special fungus of the tall fescue originates from an endophyte of a plant of
the genus of fescue, and the slow-release tissue of the special fungus of the tall fescue
includes crop straw, acrylic acid, N,N-methylene bisacrylamide, and potassium
persulfate. The method can increase the resistance of the seeds to drought conditions
through the application of the endophyte of the plant, and increases the germination
rate and the survival rate of the tall fescue.
Description
Method for Improving Germination Rate of Seeds of Tall Fescue (Festuca
Elata) under Drought Resistance
The present invention relates to the field of agricultural breeding technology,
and relates to a method for improving the germination rate of seeds of tall
fescue under drought resistance.
Tall fescue (scientific name: Festuca elata Keng ex E. Alexeev) is a
perennial herbaceous plant belonging to a family of gramineae and a subgenus
of fescue, likes cold and humid, is not tolerant to high temperature, and is
photophilous, half shadow resistance, sensitive to a fertilizer, strong stress
tolerance, acid resistance, barrenness resistance, and strong disease
resistance. The tall fescue is mainly distributed in Guangxi, Sichuan, and
Guizhou of China and is born on roadsides and hillsides and under forests. The
tall fescue is used for turf planting. However, because there are few wild tall
fescue, people have begun to cultivate the tall fescue in large quantities.
However, the tall fescue is commonly cultivated on dry slope lands with
insufficient moisture and direct sunlight, which leads to the low germination rate
of the tall fescue. Even if the seeds of the tall fescue can germinate, because
the tall fescue is exposed to strong light and direct sunlight during the later
growth process, and because the sloping land itself is arid and inconvenient for
watering, the tall fescue has the low survival rate, which seriously affects the
yield and quality of the tall fescue and is not conducive to lawn planting.
The objective of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the germination rate of seeds of tall fescue under drought resistance. By soaking and treating the seeds of the tall fescue, adding an endophyte of a plant to soil and assisting the endophyte of the plant to slowly release the slow release tissue of metabolites, the method can ensure moisture needed during the growth period of the tall fescue, so as to effectively resist drought and increase the germination rate of the seeds.
In order to achieve the forgoing objectives, the present invention provides
the following solutions:
The present invention provides a method for improving the germination
rate of seeds of tall fescue under drought resistance, including the following
steps of:
Step 1: pretreating the seeds of the tall fescue with full grains and uniform
size;
Step 2: in early September, selecting a cooler sloping land, loosening soil,
applying a special fungus of the tall fescue and a slow-release tissue of the
special fungus of the tall fescue, then plowing the soil, sowing the seeds of the
tall fescue pretreated in step 1 in the soil for shallow ploughing, covering the
soil of no more than 1 cm, and then watering the seeds;
Step 3: during the growth process of the tall fescue, if the root of the tall
fescue is more than 8 cm from a soil surface, irrigating the tall fescue every 3
4 weeks; if the root of the tall fescue is below 8 cm from the soil surface,
irrigating the tall fescue every 1-2 weeks;
Where the special fungus of the tall fescue originates from an endophyte
of a plant of the genus of fescue;
The slow-release tissue of the special fungus of the tall fescue includes crop straw, acrylic acid, N,N-methylene bisacrylamide, and potassium persulfate.
Preferably, the special fungus of the tall fescue originates from a discarded
plant of the genus of the fescue that is not uniformly grown and/or pruned during
growth management.
Preferably, the special fungus of the tall fescue originates from one or more
of festuca arundinacea, red fescue, tall fescue, hard fescue and meadow
fescue, which are crushed into granules.
Preferably, the slow-release tissue of the special fungus of the tall fescue
includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of the crop
straw, 100-130 parts of the acrylic acid, 3-5 parts of the N,N-methylene
bisacrylamide, and 6-8 parts of the potassium persulfate.
Preferably, the preparation of the slow-release tissue of the special fungus
of the tall fescue includes the following steps of:
Si: crushing the crop straw into 3 cmx5 cm blocks, and then irradiating the
straw blocks with microwave for 3-5 min, where a microwave frequency is 10HZ,
and power intensity is 100 W/cm 2 ;
S2: soaking the straw irradiated by the microwave in step 1 in water, adding
hydrofluoric acid, stirring evenly, adjusting pH to 4-5, reacting for 1-2 h, then
washing the straw with water until the straw is neutral, and drying the straw to
constant weight to obtain a straw fiber;
S3: after mixing and dissolving the obtained straw fiber and the N,N
methylene bisacrylamide according to a raw material ratio, raising the
temperature to 80 °C under the stirring conditions, then slowly adding the acrylic
acid and the potassium persulfate, continuing to stir for 2-3 h, terminating the reaction with ice water, then washing the straw fiber with water until the straw fiber is neutral, and drying the straw fiber to a constant weight to obtain the slow-release tissue of the special fungus of the tall fescue.
Preferably, the special fungus of the tall fescueis is applied to the soil at a
rate of 5-10 kg/mu, and the slow-release tissue of the special fungus of the tall
fescue is applied into the soil at 1-2 times of the amount of the special fungus
of the tall fescue.
Preferably, in step 1, the pretreatment specifically includes: soaking the
seeds of the tall fescue in warm water at 40-45 °C for 30-60 min, and then
soaking the seeds of the tall fescue with 0.005-0.01 mmoL/L of salicylic acid for
1-2 h.
Preferably, the cooler slope land in step 2 specifically selects a sandy loam
slope land that is not exposed to direct sunlight every day.
The present invention discloses the following technical effects:
The seeds of tall fescue disclosed in the present invention are first soaked
in warm water at 40-45 °C, which can effectively kill germs attached to the
surface of the seeds and lurked inside the seeds, and can also promote the
seeds to absorb enough water to make various enzyme in seeds be activated.
The seeds treated with 0.005-0.01 mmol/L of salicylic acid further reduces the
activity of amylase, and increases activity of peroxidase and the contents of
soluble sugar and soluble protein to prepare for seed germination and increase
in the germination rate. Then a special fungus of the tall fescue is applied to
soil. The special fungus is an endophyte originated from a plant of the genus of
fescue. Because the endophyte of the plant of the genus of the fescue is fungus
or bacterium that lives in the tissue and organ of a healthy plans, and because the tall fescue for lawn planting needs to be pruned regularly according to growth or demand during a planting management process, the trimmed part is generally discarded directly, resulting in a waste of resources. However, the present invention uses the trimmed part and the slow-release tissue (that is, the straws) as raw materials with a simple crushing method to be treated to obtain a straw fiber. The straw fiber forms a three-dimensional network structure under the action of a polymer compound. On the one hand, a slow-release tissue and the special fungus are mixed and applied, which is beneficial for strains to being uniformly distributed in the soil to avoid the agglomeration of the strains. The slow-release tissue itself is made of the straw as a raw material to contain a plurality of nutrients, which is conducive to the attachment of the endophyte to a network structure for continuous survival. Then, as the seeds germinate and grow, the endophyte of the plant re-parasitizes on a new tall fescue plant. On the other hand, the endophyte of the plant can secrete antibiotics, toxins and other metabolites. These substances can induce plant to generate resistance, and is beneficial to improving the drought resistance of the tall fescue through the endophyte of the plant. Therefore, the application of the endophyte of the plant can not only increase the resistance of the seeds to drought conditions and but only increase the germination rate. Because the endophyte parasitizes in the plant as the plant grows, the endophyte continues to enhance the resistance of a tall fescue plant to drought and then increase the survival rate of the tall fescue.
The technical solutions of the present invention are now specifically
described in the form of embodiments, but should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics and embodiments of the present invention.
Test methods used in the following embodiments were conventional
methods unless otherwise specified. The materials and reagents used, unless
otherwise specified, were commercially available reagents and materials.
Embodiment 1: a method for improving the germination rate of seeds of tall
fescue under drought resistance
(1) selecting high-quality seeds of the tall fescue with full grains, uniform
size, and disease-free, soaking the seeds in warm water at 40 °C for 30 min,
and then soaking the seeds with 0.005 mmoL/L of salicylic acid for 1 h, and
fishing out the seeds until there is no dripping for later use.
(2) sowing the seeds of the tall fescue
selecting a sandy loam slope land that was not exposed to direct sunlight
every day in the mountainous areas of Guizhou Province, and performing
shallow ploughing to loosen soil.
@preparing a special fungus of the tall fescue: collecting the discarded tall
fescue that was trimmed during uneven growth and/or growth management,
drying the tall fescue to have a water content of 10 %-12 %, and crushing the
tall fescue into granules.
@preparing a slow-release tissue of the special fungus of the tall fescue:
crushing a dried wheat straw into a 3 cmx5 cm block, and then irradiating the
wheat straw with microwave for 3 min, where a microwave frequency was 10
HZ, and a power intensity was 100 W/cm 2 . Microwave irradiation promoted the
breakdown of a cell structure and released nutrients.
soaking the straw irradiated by the microwave in in water, adding hydrofluoric acid, stirring evenly, adjusting pH to 4.5, reacting for 1 h, then washing a straw with water until the straw was neutral, and drying the straw to have a constant weight to obtain a straw fiber; after mixing and dissolving the obtained straw fiber and N,N-methylene bisacrylamide according to a raw material ratio, raising the temperature to 80 °C under the stirring conditions, then slowly adding acrylic acid and potassium persulfate, continuing to stir for 2 h, terminating the reaction with ice water, then washing the straw fiber with water until the straw fiber was neutral, and drying the straw fiber to have a constant weight to obtain the slow-release tissue of the special fungus of the tall fescue.
The slow-release tissue of the special fungus of the tall fescue includes the
following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of the crop straw, 100 parts
of acrylic acid, 3 parts of the N,N-methylene bisacrylamide, and 6 parts of the
potassium persulfate.
@ln early September, applying the prepared special fungus of the tall
fescue to the soil at a rate of 5 kg/mu, applying the slow-release tissue of the
special fungus of the tall fescue to the soil at 1 times of the amount of the special
fungus of the tall fescue fungus, plowing, then sowing the treated seeds of the
tall fescue into the soil for shallow ploughing, covering the soil of no more than
1 cm, and watering the soil;
(3) During the growth process of the tall fescue, if the root of the tall fescue
was more than 8 cm from a soil surface, irrigating the tall fescue every 3 weeks;
if the root of the tall fescue was below 8 cm from the soil surface, irrigating the
tall fescue every 1 weeks;
The germination rate of the tall fescue planted according to this embodiment could reach 97.3 %. The survival rate of the plant could reach
98.8 %, and no pests and diseases occurred.
Embodiment 2
A method for improving the germination rate of seeds of tall fescue under
drought resistance
(1) selecting high-quality seeds of the tall fescue with full grains, uniform
size, and disease-free, soaking the seeds in warm water at 42 °C for 45 min,
and then soaking the seeds with 0.008 mmoL/L of salicylic acid for 1.5 h, and
fishing out the seeds until there is no dripping for later use.
(2) sowing the seeds of the tall fescue
selecting a sandy loam slope land that was not exposed to direct sunlight
every day in the mountainous areas of Guizhou Province, and performing
shallow ploughing to loosen the soil.
@preparing a special fungus of the tall fescue: collecting the discarded tall
fescue that was trimmed during uneven growth and/or growth management,
drying the tall fescue to have a water content of 10 %-12 %, and crushing the
tall fescue into granules.
@preparing a slow-release tissue of the special fungus of the tall fescue:
crushing a dried wheat straw into a 3 cmx5 cm block, and then irradiating the
wheat straw with microwave for 4 min, where a microwave frequency was 10
HZ, and a power intensity was 100 W/cm 2 . Microwave irradiation promoted the
breakdown of a cell structure and released nutrients.
Soaking the straw irradiated by the microwave in in water, adding
hydrofluoric acid, stirring evenly, adjusting pH to 4.5, reacting for 1.5 h, then
washing the straw with water until the straw was neutral, and drying the straw to constant weight to obtain a straw fiber; after mixing and dissolving the obtained straw fiber and N,N-methylene bisacrylamide according to a raw material ratio, raising the temperature to 80 °C under the stirring conditions, then slowly adding acrylic acid and potassium persulfate, continuing to stir for 2.5 h, terminating the reaction with ice water, then washing the straw fiber with water until the straw fiber was neutral, and drying the straw fiber to a constant weight to obtain the slow-release tissue of the special fungus of the tall fescue.
The slow-release tissue of the special fungus of the tall fescue includes the
following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of the crop straw, 120 parts
of the acrylic acid, 4 parts of the N,N-methylene bisacrylamide, and 7 parts of
the potassium persulfate.
@ln early September, applying the prepared special fungus of the tall
fescue to the soil at a rate of 8kg/mu, applying the slow-release tissue of the
special fungus of the tall fescue to the soil at 1.5 times of the amount of the
special fungus of the tall fescue fungus, plowing, then sowing the treated seeds
of the tall fescue into the soil for shallow ploughing, covering the soil of no more
than 1 cm, and watering the soil;
(3) During the growth process of the tall fescue, if the root of the tall fescue
was more than 8 cm from a soil surface, irrigating the tall fescue every 20 days;
if the root of the tall fescue was below 8 cm from the soil surface, irrigating the
tall fescue every 10 days;
The germination rate of the tall fescue planted according to this
embodiment could reach 98.0%. The survival rate of the plant could reach 99%,
and no pests and diseases occurred.
Embodiment 3: a method for improving the germination rate of seeds of tall
fescue under drought resistance
(1) selecting high-quality seeds of the tall fescue with full grains, uniform
size, and disease-free, soaking the seeds in warm water at 45 °C for 60 min,
and then soaking the seeds with 0.008 mmoL/L of salicylic acid for 2 h, and
fishing out the seeds until there is no dripping for later use.
(2) sowing the seeds of the tall fescue
selecting a sandy loam slope land that was not exposed to direct sunlight
every day in the mountainous areas of Guizhou Province, and performing
shallow ploughing to loosen soil.
@preparing a special fungus of the tall fescue: collecting the discarded tall
fescue that was trimmed during uneven growth and/or growth management,
drying the tall fescue to have a water content of 10 %-12 %, and crushing the
tall fescue into granules.
@preparing a slow-release tissue of the special fungus of the tall fescue:
crushing a dried wheat straw into a 3 cmx5 cm block, and then irradiating the
wheat straw with microwave for 5 min, where a microwave frequency was 10
HZ, and a power intensity was 100 W/cm 2 . Microwave irradiation promoted the
breakdown of a cell structure and released nutrients.
soaking the straw irradiated by the microwave in in water, adding
hydrofluoric acid, stirring evenly, adjusting pH to 5, reacting for 2 h, then
washing the straw with water until the straw was neutral, and drying the straw
to constant weight to obtain a straw fiber;
after mixing and dissolving an obtained straw fiber and N,N-methylene
bisacrylamide according to a raw material ratio, raising the temperature to 80 °C under the stirring conditions, then slowly adding acrylic acid and potassium persulfate, continuing to stir for 3 h, terminating the reaction with ice water, then washing the straw fiber with water until the straw fiber was neutral, and drying the straw fiber to have a constant weight to obtain the slow-release tissue of the special fungus of the tall fescue.
The slow-release tissue of the special fungus of the tall fescue includes the
following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of the crop straw, 130 parts
of the acrylic acid, 5 parts of the N,N-methylene bisacrylamide, and 8 parts of
the potassium persulfate.
@ln early September, applying the prepared special fungus of the tall
fescue to the soil at a rate of 10kg/mu, applying the slow-release tissue of the
special fungus of the tall fescue to the soil at 2 times of the amount of the special
fungus of the tall fescue fungus, plowing, then sowing the treated seeds of the
tall fescue into the soil for shallow ploughing, covering the soil of no more than
1 cm, and watering the soil;
(3) During the growth process of the tall fescue, if the root of the tall fescue
was more than 8 cm from a soil surface, irrigating the tall fescue every 4 weeks;
if the root of the tall fescue was below 8 cm from the soil surface, irrigating the
tall fescue every 2 weeks;
The germination rate of the tall fescue planted according to this
embodiment could reach 98.2%. The survival rate of the plant could reach
99.1%, and no pests and diseases occurred.
Embodiment 4: a method for improving the germination rate of seeds of tall
fescue under drought resistance
Embodiment 4 was distinct from Embodiment 1 in that a wheat straw were replaced with the wheat straw and a corn straw mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1, and the other steps were the same.
The germination rate of the tall fescue planted according to this
embodiment could reach 98.5%. The survival rate of the plant could reach
99.5%, and no pests and diseases occurred.
Embodiment 5: a method for improving the germination rate of seeds of tall
fescue under drought resistance
Embodiment 5 was distinct from Embodiment 4 in that after the preparation
of a slow-release tissue of a special fungus of tall fescue was completed, the
slow-release tissue was dried in shade to have a water content of 5 %-8 %, and
then made into granules for use.
The germination rate of the tall fescue planted according to this
embodiment could reach 99.5%. The survival rate of the plant could reach
99.9%, and no pests and diseases occurred.
Embodiment 6: a method for improving the germination rate of seeds of tall
fescue under drought resistance
Embodiment 6 was distinct from Embodiment 4 in that a special fungus of
tall fescue was collected from uneven growth and/or discarded festuca
arundinacea, tall fescue and meadow fescue that were pruned during growth
management. The festuca arundinacea, the tall fescue and the meadow fescue
were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:1:1; and other steps were the same.
The germination rate of the tall fescue planted according to this
embodiment could reach 99.8%. The plant survival rate could reach 100%, and
no pests and diseases occurred.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 was distinct from Embodiment 1 in that a special
fungus of tall fescue was not added.
The germination rate of the tall fescue planted according to this
embodiment could reach 78%. The plant survival rate could reach 80%, and
pests and diseases occurred.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 was distinct from Embodiment 1 in that a slow
release tissue of a special fungus of tall fescue was not added.
The germination rate of the tall fescue planted according to this
embodiment could reach 73%. The plant survival rate could reach 78.1%, and
pests and diseases occurred.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 was distinct from Embodiment 1 in that a slow
release tissue of a special fungus of tall fescue was replaced with the same
amount of pulverized wheat straw.
The tall fescue planted according to this embodiment had a germination
rate of 65%, and a plant survival rate of 70.2%, and pests and diseases
occurred.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 was distinct from Embodiment 1 in that seed
pretreatment only used warm water for soaking treatment, instead of treatment
with salicylic acid.
Tall fescue planted according to this embodiment had the germination rate
of 67%, and the plant survival rate of 70%, and pests and diseases occurred.
The forgoing embodiments only describe the preferred mode of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, the person skilled in the art can make variations and improvements to the technical solutions of the present invention, which should fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for observing seeds of tall fescue (Festuca elata) under
drought resistance, comprising the following steps of:
Step 1: pretreating the seeds of the tall fescue with full grains and uniform
size;
Step 2: in early September, selecting a cooler sloping land, loosening soil,
applying a special fungus of the tall fescue.
Step 3: during the observation of the tall fescue, if the root of the tall fescue
is more than 8 cm from a soil surface, irrigating the tall fescue every 3-4 weeks;
if the root of the tall fescue is below 8 cm from the soil surface, irrigating the tall
fescue every 1-2 weeks;
2. The method for observing the seeds of the tall fescue under the drought
resistance according to claim 1, wherein the special fungus of the tall fescue
originates from a discarded plant of the genus of fescue that is not uniformly
grown and/or pruned during growth management.
3. The method for observing the seeds of the tall fescue under the drought
resistance according to claim 2, wherein the special fungus of the tall fescue
originates from one or more of festuca arundinacea, red fescue, tall fescue,
hard fescue and meadow fescue, which are crushed into granules.
4. The method for observing the seeds of the tall fescue under the drought
resistance according to claim 1, wherein the slow-release tissue of the special
fungus of the tall fescue includes the following raw materials in parts by weight:
-50 parts of the crop straw, 100-130 parts of the acrylic acid, 3-5 parts of the
N,N-methylene bisacrylamide, and 6-8 parts of the potassium persulfate.
5. The method for observing the seeds of the tall fescue under the drought resistance according to claim 4, wherein the preparation of the slow-release tissue of the special fungus of the tall fescue comprises the following steps of:
Si: crushing the crop straw into 3 cmx5 cm blocks, and then irradiating the
crop straw blocks with microwave for 3-5 min, where a microwave frequency is
HZ, and power intensity is 100 W/cm 2 ;
S2: soaking the straw irradiated by the microwave in step 1 in water, adding
hydrofluoric acid, stirring evenly, adjusting pH to 4-5, reacting for 1-2 h, then
washing the straw with water until the straw is neutral, and drying the straw to
constant weight to obtain a straw fiber;
S3: after mixing and dissolving the obtained straw fiber and N,N-methylene
bisacrylamide according to a raw material ratio, raising the temperature to 80 °C
under stirring, then slowly adding acrylic acid and potassium persulfate,
continuing to stir for 2-3 h, terminating the reaction with ice water, then washing
the straw fiber with water until the straw fiber is neutral, and drying the straw
fiber to a constant weight to obtain the slow-release tissue of the special fungus
of the tall fescue.
6. The method for observing the seeds of the tall fescue under the drought
resistance according to claim 1, wherein the special fungus of the tall fescueis
is applied to the soil at a rate of 5-10 kg/mu, and the slow-release tissue of the
special fungus of the tall fescue is applied into the soil at 1-2 times of the amount
of the special fungus of the tall fescue.
7. The method for observing the seeds of the tall fescue under the drought
resistance according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the pretreatment specifically
includes: soaking the seeds of the tall fescue in warm water at 40-45 °C for 30
min, and then soaking the seeds of the tall fescue with 0.005-0.01 mmoL/L of salicylic acid for 1-2 h.
8. The method for observing the seeds of the tall fescue under the drought
resistance according to claim 1, wherein the cooler slope land in step 2
specifically selects a sandy loam slope land that is not exposed to direct
sunlight every day.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116982542A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-11-03 | 青岛地质工程勘察院(青岛地质勘查开发局) | Greening protection structure and method for high-steep rock slope |
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2021
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116982542A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-11-03 | 青岛地质工程勘察院(青岛地质勘查开发局) | Greening protection structure and method for high-steep rock slope |
| CN116982542B (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-12-15 | 青岛地质工程勘察院(青岛地质勘查开发局) | Greening protection structure and method for high-steep rock slope |
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