AU2018100517A4 - Special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil, comprising an outer layer, an intermediate layer and an inner layer, wherein the raw materials in each layer and the proportions thereof are as follows: the outer layer comprises: 30-50 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, 20-40 parts of fermented livestock and poultry manure, 30-50 parts of urea, 10-15 parts of hyperbranched polyamide, 0.01-0.05 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, and 0.3-0.5 part of celest; the intermediate layer comprises: 65-85 parts of lime nitrogen, 15-30 parts of humic acid, 0.3-0.5 part of celest, 0.3-0.5 part of chlorpyrifos, and 62-80 parts of urea formaldehyde powder; the inner layer comprises: 60-80 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 30-50 parts of urea, 10-20 parts of seaweed extract, and 20-50 parts of adhesive
Description
The present invention relates to a special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil, comprising an outer layer, an intermediate layer and an inner layer, wherein the raw materials in each layer and the proportions thereof are as follows:
the outer layer comprises: 30-50 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, 20-40 parts of fermented livestock and poultry manure, 30-50 parts of urea, 10-15 parts of hyperbranched polyamide, 0.01-0.05 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, and 0.3-0.5 part of celest;
the intermediate layer comprises: 65-85 parts of lime nitrogen, 15-30 parts of humic acid, 0.3-0.5 part of celest, 0.3-0.5 part of chlorpyrifos, and 62-80 parts of urea formaldehyde powder;
the inner layer comprises: 60-80 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 30-50 parts of urea, 10-20 parts of seaweed extract, and 20-50 parts of adhesive
2018100517 23 Apr 2018
SPECIAL FILM-COATED CONTROLLED RELEASE FERTILIZER FOR PEANUT IN
ACID SOIL AND PREPARATION PROCESS THEREOF
TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The invention relates to the field of controlled release fertilizer technology, in particular to a special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil, and further to a preparation process of the special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil.
BACKGROUND [0002] As one of the widely cultivated industrial oil crops in the world, peanut is characterized by wide adaptability, drought resistance, barren resistance and symbiosis with nitro gen-fixing rhizobia, contributes to development of water-saving agriculture, improves soil fertility and protects agroecological environment. Peanut is a crop requiring a large amount of calcium, and needs to assimilate 2.0-2.5 kg of calcium to form every 100 kg of pod. Calcium deficiency will lead to hollow pod and rotten fruit of peanut. Peanut is mainly planted in dry sandy soil in the southeast coastal areas of China, where there is low base saturation, high acidity, and huge calcium losses in soil, thereby seriously impacting kernel growth and yield of peanut, and even resulting in total crop failure. It is a research topic for peanut researchers to improve the peanut pod plumpness to increase the pod yield and seed kernel quality when planting peanut in this area.
[0003] 18 elements are required for peanut growth, where nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium are most required, and sulfur, boron, molybdenum, zinc, manganese, iron and other trace elements are also indispensable. Throughout the growth period of peanut, the nutrient requirements are as follows: in the early stage, nitrogen fertilizer is mainly required, and application of proper amount of nitrogen fertilizer can promote peanut growth and root nodule formation in the seedling stage; in the intermediate stage, calcium fertilizer is mainly required, and is supplemented to contribute to ideotype formation and promote fruit plumpness; and in the later stage, nitrogen and potassium are mainly required, nitrogen fertilizer is supplemented to prevent later fertilizer deficiency, and potassium fertilizer promotes the transport of photosynthate to pod. Nitrogen fertilizer is volatile, phosphate fertilizer has weak ability to permeate upward and downward and migrate or diffuse leftward and rightward in soil, potassium fertilizer antagonizes calcium ions, and the peanut root mass most actively assimilating nutrients is below the fruiting layer. Therefore,
2018100517 23 Apr 2018 peanut fertilizer is most preferably applied into different layers or released by stages. At present, fertilizers are mainly applied by rationally arranging fertilizer application opportunities, types, quantity and method based on the principle of giving priority to base fertilizer, supplemented by top application, according to the characteristics of peanut’s demand for fertilizer and based on the soil fertility. In order to achieve high yield, top application shall be arranged in the middle and later growth stages of peanut, but top application will affect pegging downward and growth. Some fertilizers shall be topdressed under strict conditions, thereby resulting in great difficulties in production. Therefore, top application is labor-consuming and time-consuming.
[0004] The prior art provides many solutions for this circumstance. For example, CN103265350A discloses a special fertilizer for peanut in acid soil, the raw materials of which include potassium feldspar, borax, forsterite, phosphate rock powder, limestone, gypsum, urea and attapulgite clay powder. Once-through fertilizer application can not only adjust the soil pH, but also meet the nutritional requirements of peanut in different growth stages. Attapulgite clay powder is used as a fast dissolving fertilizer adhesive, is rich in trace elements, and enriches soil nutrients. With inorganic fertilizers commonly used in production as raw materials, the fertilizer does not pollute the environment or crops, is characterized by reasonable formula, balanced nutrients and better use effects, can significantly improve the fertilizer utilization rate and improve the peanut yield and quality. However, the fertilizer release cannot be synchronous with the peanut demand in growth. Use of controlled release fertilizers has become an inevitable research trend. However, at present, there are few researches on special controlled release fertilizers for peanut in acid soil, and still fewer controlled release fertilizers integrating release of nutrient elements by stages, disease and pest control (nematodes, damping off, stem rot and leaf spot), improvement of stress resistance, increase of exchangeable calcium content, etc.
SUMMARY [0005] In order to solve the problems, such as seriously insufficient soil calcium ions, different disease and pest control, easy occurrence of fertilizer deficiency in later stage, and labor-consuming and time-consuming top application, in peanut cultivation in acid soil, the application provides a special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil that integrates the ingredients for enhancing stress resistance, increasing exchangeable calcium content, controlling diseases and pests, promoting pod plumpness, etc., and can control the release period.
2018100517 23 Apr 2018 [0006] The application further provides a preparation process of the special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil.
[0007] The invention is implemented using the following measures:
[0008] A special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil comprises an outer layer, an intermediate layer and an inner layer, wherein the raw materials in each layer and the proportions thereof are as follows:
[0009] the outer layer includes: 30-50 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, 20-40 parts of fermented livestock and poultry manure, 30-50 parts of urea, 10-15 parts of hyperbranched polyamide, 0.01-0.05 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, and 0.3-0.5 part of celest, [0010] the intermediate layer includes: 65-85 parts of lime nitrogen, 15-30 parts of humic acid, 0.3-0.5 part of celest, 0.3-0.5 part of chlorpyrifos, and 62-80 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, and [0011] the inner layer includes: 60-80 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 30-50 parts of urea, 10-20 parts of seaweed extract, and 20-50 parts of adhesive.
[0012] In the special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil, the raw materials in each layer and the proportions thereof are preferably as follows:
[0013] the outer layer includes: 40 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, 30 parts of fermented livestock and poultry manure, 40 parts of urea, 13 parts of hyperbranched polyamide, 0.04 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, and 0.4 part of celest, [0014] the intermediate layer includes: 75 parts of lime nitrogen, 25 parts of humic acid, 0.4 part of celest, 0.4 part of chlorpyrifos, and 75 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, and [0015] the inner layer includes: 70 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 40 parts of urea, 15 parts of seaweed extract, and 30 parts of adhesive.
[0016] In the special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil, the hyperbranched polyamide is preferably an aliphatic hyperbranched polyamide of 2.0, 3.0 or 4.0 branching generation.
[0017] In the special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil, the fermented livestock and poultry manure is preferably obtained from the following steps:
[0019] mixing 2-5 parts of chicken manure, 2-5 parts of sheep manure and 2-5 parts of cow dung at a weight ratio to obtain a blended manure, chopping crop stalks into 5-8 cm small fragments, fully
2018100517 23 Apr 2018 mixing the crop stalks with the blended manure at a weight ratio of 2:8, stacking them in a 1.5-2 m wide and 0.8-1.2 m tall pile, inserting a temperature gauge into the pile to measure the temperature; then adding a fermentation agent (0.2% of the total mass) in a manner of adding 1/6-1/4 fermentation agent to a layer of 20-25 cm height piled in the process of piling until piling up to 0.8-1.2 m, adding water to reach 50-60% moisture content, fermenting, turning over the pile when the temperature rises to more than 60 °C until the pile temperature no longer rises, drying, and pulverizing; and [0020] 1 mL of the fermentation agent contains l-1.5xl09 Streptococcus thermophilus, 0.3-0.5xl08 IU neutral protease, 0.1-0.2xl06 IU cellulase, 3-4* 105 IU triacylglycerol acylhydrolase, 1-2^105 IU beer yeast and 3-4*106 IU Bacillus subtilis.
[0021] A preparation process of the special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil includes the following steps:
[0022] (1) mixing the raw materials potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, seaweed extract and adhesive in the inner layer, granulating and drying to obtain granules in the inner layer;
[0023] (2) mixing the raw materials lime nitrogen, humic acid, celest, chlorpyrifos and urea formaldehyde powder in the intermediate layer, adding the granules in the inner layer obtained in step (1), granulating and drying to obtain granules in the intermediate layer; and [0024] (3) mixing the raw materials urea formaldehyde powder, fermented livestock and poultry manure, urea, hyperbranched polyamide, chitosan oligosaccharide and celest in the outer layer, adding the granules in the intermediate layer obtained in step (2), granulating and drying.
[0025] In an application of the special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil, the soil conditions for planting peanut are as follows: organic matter content: 8-12 g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content: 40-80 mg/kg, rapidly available phosphorus content: 30-60 mg/kg, rapidly available potassium content: 60-80 mg/kg, exchangeable calcium content: 0.1-2 mg/kg, pH: 4.5-6.5, moisture content from seeding time to seedling stage: 50-60%, moisture content from flowering stage to pod-bearing stage: 60-70%, moisture content from fruit expansion stage to maturation stage: 50-60%.
[0026] In the application, the film-coated controlled release fertilizer is preferably applied at a rate of 75+2 kg/Mu along with seeding or rotary tillage before seeding.
[0027] Celest is a suspension seed coating agent containing 2.5% fludioxonil (international generic
2018100517 23 Apr 2018 name), and can be used for controlling a plurality of seed-borne and soil-borne fungal diseases of crops.
[0028] Repeated trials show that when urea formaldehyde powder is used together with fermented livestock and poultry manure and urea, and the use levels of fermented livestock and poultry manure and urea are more than a certain proportion, the release rate in early stage is increased, which does not contribute to realization of the controlled release effect. Therefore, a small amount of hyperbranched polyamide, if mixed therewith, can guarantee low release rate in early stage and improve the controlled release effect whilst improving the proportions of fermented livestock and poultry manure and urea.
[0029] The invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0030] (1) the fertilizer is applied as a seed fertilizer. Attention is paid to the effects of humic acid and other organic fertilizers. In about 10 days (seedling stage) after seeding, the fertilizer releases chitosan oligosaccharide, urea and bactericide (celest) to improve stress resistance of seedling, promote seedling growth and prevent stem rot and damping off In about 50 days (pegging stage) after seeding, by sustained release of calcium fertilizer and humic acid, where humic acid plays a role in activation of lime nitrogen and long-acting release of calcium ions, and by sustained release of bactericides and insecticides, the fertilizer controls leaf spot and nematodes. In about 90 days (fruit expansion stage) after seeding, by sustained release of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and seaweed extract, the fertilizer prevents fertilizer deficiency and premature senescence, and promotes accumulation of photosynthate.
[0031] (2) The fertilizer integrates the ingredients for improving stress resistance, controlling diseases and pests, activating calcium ions, and promoting pod plumpness, controls the release period, improves fertilization efficiency without the need of top application throughout the growth period, and saves labor cost.
DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS [0032] In order to better understand the invention, the invention is further described below in conjunction with the examples.
Example 1 [0033] A special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil includes an outer layer, an intermediate layer and an inner layer, where the raw materials in each layer and the
2018100517 23 Apr 2018 proportions thereof are as follows:
[0034] the outer layer includes: 30 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, 40 parts of fermented livestock and poultry manure, 30 parts of urea, 15 parts of hyperbranched polyamide, 0.01 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, and 0.5 part of celest, [0035] the intermediate layer includes: 65 parts of lime nitrogen, 30 parts of humic acid, 0.3 part of celest, 0.5 part of chlorpyrifos, and 62 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, and [0036] the inner layer includes: 80 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 30 parts of urea, 20 parts of seaweed extract, and 20 parts of adhesive.
[0037] The hyperbranched polyamide is an aliphatic hyperbranched polyamide of 2.0 branching generation.
[0038] Preparation process [0039] (1) mixing the raw materials potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, seaweed extract and adhesive in the inner layer, granulating and drying to obtain granules in the inner layer;
[0040] (2) mixing the raw materials lime nitrogen, humic acid, celest, chlorpyrifos and urea formaldehyde powder in the intermediate layer, adding the granules in the inner layer obtained in step (1), granulating and drying to obtain granules in the intermediate layer; and [0041] (3) mixing the raw materials urea formaldehyde powder, fermented livestock and poultry manure, urea, hyperbranched polyamide, chitosan oligosaccharide and celest in the outer layer, adding the granules in the intermediate layer obtained in step (2), granulating and drying.
Example 2 [0042] A special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil includes an outer layer, an intermediate layer and an inner layer, where the raw materials in each layer and the proportions thereof are as follows:
[0043] the outer layer includes: 30 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, 40 parts of fermented livestock and poultry manure, 30 parts of urea, 15 parts of hyperbranched polyamide, 0.01 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, and 0.5 part of celest, [0044] the intermediate layer includes: 65 parts of lime nitrogen, 30 parts of humic acid, 0.3 part of celest, 0.5 part of chlorpyrifos, and 62 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, and [0045] the inner layer includes: 80 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 30 parts of urea, 20 parts of seaweed extract, and 20 parts of adhesive.
2018100517 23 Apr 2018 [0046] The hyperbranched polyamide is an aliphatic hyperbranched polyamide of 3.0 branching generation.
[0047] The preparation process is the same as that in Example 1.
Example 3 [0048] A special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil includes an outer layer, an intermediate layer and an inner layer, where the raw materials in each layer and the proportions thereof are as follows:
[0049] the outer layer includes: 30 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, 40 parts of fermented livestock and poultry manure, 30 parts of urea, 15 parts of hyperbranched polyamide, 0.01 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, and 0.5 part of celest, [0050] the intermediate layer includes: 65 parts of lime nitrogen, 30 parts of humic acid, 0.3 part of celest, 0.5 part of chlorpyrifos, and 62 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, and [0051] the inner layer includes: 80 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 30 parts of urea, 20 parts of seaweed extract, and 20 parts of adhesive.
[0052] The hyperbranched polyamide is an aliphatic hyperbranched polyamide of 4.0 branching generation.
[0053] The preparation process is the same as that in Example 1.
Example 4 [0054] A special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil includes an outer layer, an intermediate layer and an inner layer, where the raw materials in each layer and the proportions thereof are as follows:
[0055] the outer layer includes: 50 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, 20 parts of fermented livestock and poultry manure, 50 parts of urea, 10 parts of hyperbranched polyamide, 0.05 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, and 0.3 part of celest, [0056] the intermediate layer includes: 85 parts of lime nitrogen, 15 parts of humic acid, 0.5 part of celest, 0.3 part of chlorpyrifos, and 80 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, and [0057] the inner layer includes: 60 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 50 parts of urea, 10 parts of seaweed extract, and 50 parts of adhesive.
[0058] The hyperbranched polyamide is an aliphatic hyperbranched polyamide of 2.0 branching generation.
2018100517 23 Apr 2018 [0059] The preparation process is the same as that in Example 1.
Example 5 [0060] A special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil includes an outer layer, an intermediate layer and an inner layer, where the raw materials in each layer and the proportions thereof are as follows:
[0061] the outer layer includes: 50 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, 20 parts of fermented livestock and poultry manure, 50 parts of urea, 10 parts of hyperbranched polyamide, 0.05 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, and 0.3 part of celest, [0062] the intermediate layer includes: 85 parts of lime nitrogen, 15 parts of humic acid, 0.5 part of celest, 0.3 part of chlorpyrifos, and 80 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, and [0063] the inner layer includes: 60 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 50 parts of urea, 10 parts of seaweed extract, and 50 parts of adhesive.
[0064] The hyperbranched polyamide is an aliphatic hyperbranched polyamide of 3.0 branching generation.
[0065] The preparation process is the same as that in Example 1.
Example 6 [0066] A special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil includes an outer layer, an intermediate layer and an inner layer, where the raw materials in each layer and the proportions thereof are as follows:
[0067] the outer layer includes: 50 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, 20 parts of fermented livestock and poultry manure, 50 parts of urea, 10 parts of hyperbranched polyamide, 0.05 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, and 0.3 part of celest, [0068] the intermediate layer includes: 85 parts of lime nitrogen, 15 parts of humic acid, 0.5 part of celest, 0.3 part of chlorpyrifos, and 80 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, and [0069] the inner layer includes: 60 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 50 parts of urea, 10 parts of seaweed extract, and 50 parts of adhesive.
[0070] The hyperbranched polyamide is an aliphatic hyperbranched polyamide of 4.0 branching generation.
[0071] The preparation process is the same as that in Example 1.
Example 7
2018100517 23 Apr 2018 [0072] A special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil includes an outer layer, an intermediate layer and an inner layer, where the raw materials in each layer and the proportions thereof are as follows:
[0073] the outer layer includes: 40 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, 30 parts of fermented livestock and poultry manure, 40 parts of urea, 13 parts of hyperbranched polyamide, 0.04 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, and 0.4 part of celest, [0074] the intermediate layer includes: 75 parts of lime nitrogen, 25 parts of humic acid, 0.4 part of celest, 0.4 part of chlorpyrifos, and 75 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, and [0075] the inner layer includes: 70 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 40 parts of urea, 15 parts of seaweed extract, and 30 parts of adhesive.
[0076] The hyperbranched polyamide is an aliphatic hyperbranched polyamide of 2.0 branching generation.
[0077] The preparation process is the same as that in Example 1.
Example 8 [0078] A special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil includes an outer layer, an intermediate layer and an inner layer, where the raw materials in each layer and the proportions thereof are as follows:
[0079] the outer layer includes: 40 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, 30 parts of fermented livestock and poultry manure, 40 parts of urea, 13 parts of hyperbranched polyamide, 0.04 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, and 0.4 part of celest, [0080] the intermediate layer includes: 75 parts of lime nitrogen, 25 parts of humic acid, 0.4 part of celest, 0.4 part of chlorpyrifos, and 75 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, and [0081] the inner layer includes: 70 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 40 parts of urea, 15 parts of seaweed extract, and 30 parts of adhesive.
[0082] The hyperbranched polyamide is an aliphatic hyperbranched polyamide of 3.0 branching generation.
[0083] The preparation process is the same as that in Example 1.
Example 9 [0084] A special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil includes an outer layer, an intermediate layer and an inner layer, where the raw materials in each layer and the
2018100517 23 Apr 2018 proportions thereof are as follows:
[0085] the outer layer includes: 40 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, 30 parts of fermented livestock and poultry manure, 40 parts of urea, 13 parts of hyperbranched polyamide, 0.04 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, and 0.4 part of celest, [0086] the intermediate layer includes: 75 parts of lime nitrogen, 25 parts of humic acid, 0.4 part of celest, 0.4 part of chlorpyrifos, and 75 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, and [0087] the inner layer includes: 70 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 40 parts of urea, 15 parts of seaweed extract, and 30 parts of adhesive.
[0088] The hyperbranched polyamide is an aliphatic hyperbranched polyamide of 4.0 branching generation.
[0089] The preparation process is the same as that in Example 1.
[0090] Examples 1, 2 and 3 are different in that hyperbranched polyamides of different branching generations were used, Examples 4, 5 and 6 are different in that hyperbranched polyamides of different branching generations were used, and Examples 7, 8 and 9 are different in that hyperbranched polyamides of different branching generations were used.
Comparison Example 1 [0091] The Comparison Example 1 is the same as Example 1 except that in the raw materials in the outer layer, hyperbranched polyamide was not used, the use level of urea formaldehyde powder was changed to 35 parts, the use level of fermented livestock and poultry manure was changed to 45 parts, and the use level of urea was changed to 35 parts.
Research on controlled release properties [0092] Controlled release properties of the nutrients in the controlled release fertilizer prepared in the Examples 1-9 are evaluated using the soil culture method. The specific operation is as follows: [0093] The controlled release fertilizer packed in a nylon net was applied to acid soil (10.10 g/kg organic matter, 77.6 mg/kg alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, 58.1 mg/kg readily available phosphorus, 72.0mg/kg readily available potassium, 0.20 g/kg exchangeable calcium, 0.09 g/kg exchangeable magnesium, pH 4.56), the fertilizer weight was measured at regular intervals, and then the active ingredients were converted to obtain the contents of the active ingredients released from the controlled release fertilizer, which were compared with the nutrient requirements of peanut in various growth stages.
io
2018100517 23 Apr 2018 [0094] The soil temperature and humidity of peanut in various stages were controlled as follows: daily average ground temperature: 15-20 °C, moisture content: 50-60% in the early stage (seeding time to seedling stage); daily average ground temperature: 20-28 °C, moisture content 60-70% in the intermediate stage (flowering stage to pod-bearing stage); and the daily average ground temperature: 28-35 °C, moisture content: 50-60% in the later stage (fruit expansion stage to maturation stage).
| Processing | Cumulative release rate of active ingredients on different days (%) | ||||||||
| lOd | 30d | 40d | 55d | 70d | 85d | lOOd | 115d | 130d | |
| Before seedling stage | Seedling stage | Flowering stage | Pegging stage | Pod-bearing stage | Fruit expansion stage | Maturation stage | |||
| Example 1 | 11.1 | 20.4 | 28.3 | 45.9 | 62.4 | 71.3 | 78.4 | 85.6 | 88.7 |
| Example 2 | 10.2 | 19.3 | 27.6 | 43.7 | 59.7 | 68.8 | 75.2 | 81.7 | 86.5 |
| Example 3 | 10.0 | 18.4 | 25.2 | 42.9 | 58.5 | 66.5 | 72.5 | 79.4 | 85.1 |
| Example 4 | 7.9 | 13.4 | 17.6 | 29.4 | 45.7 | 53.2 | 65.7 | 83.5 | 88.6 |
| Example 5 | 6.3 | 11.5 | 15.8 | 26.5 | 40.3 | 48.5 | 60.3 | 79.7 | 84.2 |
| Example 6 | 5.5 | 10.4 | 14.7 | 24.8 | 36.8 | 46.3 | 58.9 | 76.5 | 82.3 |
| Example 7 | 9.8 | 17.6 | 22.4 | 37.5 | 55.6 | 63.7 | 77.5 | 88.5 | 91.6 |
| Example 8 | 8.5 | 15.5 | 19.9 | 34.2 | 52.4 | 58.6 | 73.7 | 84.7 | 90.3 |
| Example 9 | 7.6 | 13.1 | 17.4 | 29.5 | 49.2 | 55.5 | 71.9 | 81.5 | 88.4 |
| Comparison Example 1 | 15.4 | 29.7 | 40.1 | 55.7 | 71.9 | 83.2 | 88.4 | 90.7 | 91.4 |
[0095] In Examples 1, 2 and 3, the fertilizer is fast released in the early stage, and slowly released in the later stage, thereby resulting in insufficient fertilizer efficiency and pesticidal effect in the later stage. In Examples 4, 5, and 6, the fertilizer is slowly released in the early growth stage, thereby failing to very well meet the nutrient requirements of peanut in the early stage, and the fertilizer is fast released in the later stage, thereby resulting in the problem of wasting fertilizer efficiency. In Examples 7, 8 and 9, the release rate well complies with the peanut requirements in various growth stages. In the early stage, the fertilizer provides nitrogen to promote growth and nodule formation, and releases chitosan oligosaccharide and celest to effectively prevent and control diseases and pests in the seedling stage and improve resistance. In the intermediate stage, the fertilizer releases
2018100517 23 Apr 2018 calcium and humic acid to improve exchangeable calcium content in soil, and releases pesticide and bactericide to prevent and control diseases and pests. In the later stage, the fertilizer releases potassium dihydrogen phosphate and urea to provide nutrients for the later stage, and releases seaweed extract to improve protective enzyme activities and prevent premature senescence. The utilization rate of the active ingredients in Example 7 is higher than that in Examples 7, 8 and 9. Compared with Example 1, in Comparison Example 1, in the raw materials in the outer layer, hyperbranched polyamide was not added, and the fertilizer was fast released in the early stage, so that the release of the active components in each layer cannot well comply with the demand for active ingredients of peanut in various growth stages.
Effects on Pod Yield and Seed Kernel Quality [0096] A field experiment was carried out in a hilly area of Xilou Community in Wendeng City of Weihai (9.2 g/kg organic matter, 68.6 mg/kg alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, 52.3 mg/kg readily available phosphorus, 69.4mg/kg readily available potassium, 0.25 g/kg exchangeable calcium, 0.11 g/kg exchangeable magnesium, pH 4.65) by applying the controlled release fertilizer in the examples to an experimental material Huayu No. 22 along with seeding at a rate of 75kg/Mu, and a common NPK compound fertilizer (15-15-15) was used as a control at a rate of 75kg/Mu. The experiment was carried out by seeding on April 28 in an area of 33.3 m2, mulched ridge-furrow cultivation, and harvesting on September 19, and was repeated 3 times.
| Processing | Pod yield (kg/667m2) | Wormy fruit rate (%) | Plump fruit rate (%) | Kernel rate (%) | Protein content (%) | Fat content (%) | O/L |
| Control | 251.2 | 16.8 | 56.7 | 67.3 | 23.4 | 48.8 | 1.30 |
| Example 1 | 332.3 | 9.8 | 62.4 | 69.2 | 24.5 | 49.7 | 1.39 |
| Example 2 | 319.4 | 8.6 | 60.5 | 68.7 | 24.7 | 49.6 | 1.37 |
| Example 3 | 320.5 | 9.2 | 61.3 | 68.6 | 24.6 | 49.8 | 1.37 |
| Example 4 | 341.3 | 7.5 | 63.5 | 69.3 | 24.4 | 48.9 | 1.38 |
| Example 5 | 337.6 | 7.2 | 61.7 | 68.7 | 24.7 | 49.2 | 1.36 |
| Example 6 | 335.7 | 6.7 | 62.3 | 68.8 | 24.3 | 49.5 | 1.37 |
| Example 7 | 358.2 | 3.5 | 65.7 | 70.9 | 25.2 | 50.4 | 1.42 |
| Example 8 | 350.5 | 2.6 | 64.5 | 70.6 | 25.0 | 50.5 | 1.40 |
| Example 9 | 346.3 | 4.8 | 64.6 | 70.1 | 24.7 | 50.7 | 1.42 |
2018100517 23 Apr 2018
| Comparison Example 1 | 301.2 | 3.6 | 59.7 | 68.1 | 24.2 | 49.3 | 1.34 |
[0097] Compared with the control sample, the peanut yield in the examples was significantly increased by 27.1%-42.6%, because the number of fruits on single plants was significantly increased, the wormy fruit rate was decreased, the number of plump fruits was increased, and the pod kernel rate was improved. In the examples, both the protein and fat contents in kernels are higher, and the O/L is significantly improved, compared with those of the control sample. In Example 7 with the optimal proportion, the yield was increased by 42.6%, the protein content was increased by 1.8%, the fat content was increased by 1.6%, and the O/L was increased by 9.2%, compared with those of the control sample. Both the pod yield and quality in the Comparison Example 1 are slightly worse than those in Examples 1-9.
[0098] As can be seen from the comparison of the cumulative release rate of active ingredients, pod yield and seed kernel quality in the above two tables, the controlled release fertilizer according to the application enables the active ingredient release to comply with element demand in the peanut growth period by selection and optimization of controlled release ingredients according to the acid soil characteristics, integrates the ingredients for enhancing stress resistance, improving exchangeable calcium content, controlling diseases and pests, promoting pod plumpness, etc., improves the fertilizer efficiency without the need of top application throughout the growth period, and saves labor cost. The fertilizer can significantly improve the pod yield and seed kernel quality, and overcome the adverse effects of calcium deficiency and serious diseases and pests in acid soil on peanut growth. The fertilizer is an efficient special controlled release fertilizer for planting peanut in acid soil, contributes to high yield and high quality, and has very high popularization and application values.
[0099] The above exarrpl es are preferred errbodi rrent s of the invention, but the errbodi rrent s of t he i nvent ion ar e not I i rri t ed to the exarrpl es. Al I al t er at i ons, modi f i cat i ons, corrbi nat i ons, subst i t ut i ons and si rrpl i f i cat i ons made wi t hout departing from the spiritual essence and principle of the invention shall be equivalent substitution modes, and shall be encompassed within the scope of protection of the invention.
2018100517 23 Apr 2018
Claims (7)
- (1) mixing the raw materials potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, seaweed extract and adhesive in the inner layer, granulating and drying to obtain granules in the inner layer;1 mL of the fermentation agent contains l-1.5xl09 Streptococcus thermophilus, 0.3-0.5xl08 IU neutral protease, 0.1-0.2xl06 IU cellulase, 3-4* 105 IU triacylglycerol acylhydrolase, 1-2^105 IU beer yeast and 3-4* 106 IU Bacillus subtilis.1. A special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil, comprising an outer layer, an intermediate layer and an inner layer, wherein the raw materials in each layer and the proportions thereof are as follows:the outer layer comprises: 30-50 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, 20-40 parts of fermented livestock and poultry manure, 30-50 parts of urea, 10-15 parts of hyperbranched polyamide, 0.01-0.05 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, and 0.3-0.5 part of celest, the intermediate layer comprises: 65-85 parts of lime nitrogen, 15-30 parts of humic acid, 0.3-0.5 part of celest, 0.3-0.5 part of chlorpyrifos, and 62-80 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, and the inner layer comprises: 60-80 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 30-50 parts of urea, 10-20 parts of seaweed extract, and 20-50 parts of adhesive.
- (2) mixing the raw materials lime nitrogen, humic acid, celest, chlorpyrifos and urea formaldehyde powder in the intermediate layer, adding the granules in the inner layer obtained in step (1), granulating and drying to obtain granules in the intermediate layer; and (3) mixing the raw materials urea formaldehyde powder, fermented livestock and poultry manure, urea, hyperbranched polyamide, chitosan oligosaccharide and celest in the outer layer, adding the granules in the intermediate layer obtained in step (2), granulating and drying.2. The special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil according to claim 1, wherein the raw materials in each layer and the proportions thereof are as follows:the outer layer comprises: 40 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, 30 parts of fermented livestock and poultry manure, 40 parts of urea, 13 parts of hyperbranched polyamide, 0.04 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, and 0.4 part of celest, the intermediate layer comprises: 75 parts of lime nitrogen, 25 parts of humic acid, 0.4 part of celest, 0.4 part of chlorpyrifos, and 75 parts of urea formaldehyde powder, and the inner layer comprises: 70 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 40 parts of urea, 15 parts of seaweed extract, and 30 parts of adhesive.
- 3. The special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil according to claim 1, wherein the hyperbranched polyamide is an aliphatic hyperbranched polyamide of 2.0, 3.0 or 4.0 branching generation.
- 4. The special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil according to claim 1, wherein the fermented livestock and poultry manure is obtained from the following steps:mixing 2-5 parts of chicken manure, 2-5 parts of sheep manure and 2-5 parts of cow dung at a weight ratio to obtain a blended manure, chopping crop stalks into 5-8 cm small fragments, fully mixing the crop stalks with the blended manure at a weight ratio of 2:8, stacking them in a 1.5-2 m wide and 0.8-1.2 m tall pile, inserting a temperature gauge into the pile to measure the temperature;2018100517 23 Apr 2018 then adding a fermentation agent (0.2% of the total mass) in a manner of adding 1/6-1/4 fermentation agent to a layer of 20-25 cm height piled in the process of piling until piling up to 0.8-1.2 m, adding water to reach 50-60% moisture content, fermenting, turning over the pile when the temperature rises to more than 60 °C until the pile temperature no longer rises, drying, and pulverizing; and
- 5. A preparation process of the special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil according to any one of claims 1-4, comprising the following steps:
- 6. An application of the special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil according to any one of claims 1-4 and the special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in acid soil obtained from the preparation process according to claim 5, wherein the soil conditions for planting peanut are as follows: organic matter content: 8-12 g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content: 40-80 mg/kg, rapidly available phosphorus content: 30-60 mg/kg, rapidly available potassium content: 60-80 mg/kg, exchangeable calcium content: 0.1-2 mg/kg, pH: 4.5-6.5, moisture content from seeding time to seedling stage: 50-60%, moisture content from flowering stage to pod-bearing stage: 60-70%, moisture content from fruit expansion stage to maturation stage: 50-60%.
- 7. The application according to claim 6, wherein the film-coated controlled release fertilizer is applied at a rate of 75+2 kg/Mu along with seeding or rotary tillage before seeding.
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| CN201711110850.7 | 2017-11-13 | ||
| CN201711110850.7A CN107793224A (en) | 2017-11-13 | 2017-11-13 | Acid soil special peanut film-coating Controlled Release Fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| US10723669B2 (en) | 2017-11-13 | 2020-07-28 | Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy Of Agricultural Sciences | Special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in high yield field and preparation process thereof |
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| CN107827551A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-03-23 | 山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 | Salt-soda soil special peanut film-coating Controlled Release Fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN111470906A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-07-31 | 山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 | Special controlled-release microbial fertilizer for peanuts in continuous cropping field and preparation method thereof |
| CN112919976A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-06-08 | 宁波大学 | Slow-release fish protein amino acid water-soluble fertilizer |
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| US20040020254A1 (en) * | 2002-08-02 | 2004-02-05 | Agrium | Controlled release fertilizer and method for production thereof |
| CN101717316A (en) * | 2009-11-24 | 2010-06-02 | 锦州硕丰农药集团有限公司 | Pesticide and fertilizer mixing particle agent for controlling soil insects and production method thereof |
| CN202072641U (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2011-12-14 | 安徽省司尔特肥业股份有限公司 | Special-purposed controlled-release compound fertilizer for peanuts |
| WO2012175622A1 (en) * | 2011-06-21 | 2012-12-27 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Polymer, process and use |
| CN102584477B (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2014-08-13 | 贾洪涛 | Slowly-releasing water conservation biological organic and inorganic compound fertilizer particles and production method thereof |
| CN103121878B (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2014-10-08 | 北京澳佳肥业有限公司 | Double membrane slow release fertilizer containing humic acid and preparation method thereof |
| CN103420744B (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2015-04-01 | 山东省农业科学院高新技术研究中心 | Slow-release fertilizer special for saline-alkali soil peanuts |
| CN106800435B (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2021-01-08 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Synergistic urea and preparation method thereof |
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| US10723669B2 (en) | 2017-11-13 | 2020-07-28 | Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy Of Agricultural Sciences | Special film-coated controlled release fertilizer for peanut in high yield field and preparation process thereof |
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