AR241766A1 - Procedimiento para producir un material laminado que comprende propileno adherido a un sustrato metalico, aparato para realizarlo y material laminado obtenido. - Google Patents
Procedimiento para producir un material laminado que comprende propileno adherido a un sustrato metalico, aparato para realizarlo y material laminado obtenido.Info
- Publication number
- AR241766A1 AR241766A1 AR88312164A AR31216488A AR241766A1 AR 241766 A1 AR241766 A1 AR 241766A1 AR 88312164 A AR88312164 A AR 88312164A AR 31216488 A AR31216488 A AR 31216488A AR 241766 A1 AR241766 A1 AR 241766A1
- Authority
- AR
- Argentina
- Prior art keywords
- laminated
- laminate
- pushylene
- anegegation
- melting point
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
- B32B15/085—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/08—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the cooling method
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
- B32B37/16—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating
- B32B37/20—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating involving the assembly of continuous webs only
- B32B37/203—One or more of the layers being plastic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
- B32B2309/02—Temperature
- B32B2309/025—Temperature vs time profiles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
- B32B2309/06—Angles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2310/00—Treatment by energy or chemical effects
- B32B2310/04—Treatment by energy or chemical effects using liquids, gas or steam
- B32B2310/0409—Treatment by energy or chemical effects using liquids, gas or steam using liquids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
- B32B2311/30—Iron, e.g. steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
- B32B2323/10—Polypropylene
Landscapes
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
PROCEDIMIENTO PARA PRODUCIR UN MATERIAL LAMINADO, QUE TIENE POLIPROPILENO ADHERIDO A UN SUSTRATO METALICO, EN EL CUAL UNA PELICULA DE POLIPROPILENO ES LAMINADA A UNA DE LAS SUPERFICIES MAYORES DEUNA CHAPA METALICA Y ES SOMETIDA A UNA TEMPERATURA POR SOBRE EL PUNTO DE FUSION DEL POLIPROPILENO. EL LAMINADO ES ENFRIADO UNIFORME Y RAPIDAMENTE A UNA TEMPERATURA POR DEBAJO DEL PUNTO DE FUSIONMEDIANTE EL ANEGAMIENTO CON LIQUIDO FRIO DE LA SUPERFICIE RECUBIERTA DE POLIPROPILENO DEL MATERIAL LAMINADO, COMPRENDIENDO EL ANEGAMIENTO, MOVER EL LAMINADO A TRAVES DE UN SITIO DE ANEGAMIENTO,CON LO CUAL SE HACE CONTACTAR EL LIQUIDO FRIO CON LA SUPERFICIE MAYOR DEL LAMINADO, Y SE TRASLADA CON EL LAMINADO A MEDIDA QUE ESTE SE MUEVE A TRAVES DEL SITIO DE ANEGAMIENTO. LA PELICULA DE POLIPROPILENO LAMINADO ES ENFRIADA HASTA SU PUNTO DE FUSION A UN REGIMEN QUE SUPERA LOS 200°C POR SEGUNDO.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB878724244A GB8724244D0 (en) | 1987-10-15 | 1987-10-15 | Producing laminated materials |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
AR241766A1 true AR241766A1 (es) | 1992-12-30 |
Family
ID=10625388
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
AR88312164A AR241766A1 (es) | 1987-10-15 | 1988-10-12 | Procedimiento para producir un material laminado que comprende propileno adherido a un sustrato metalico, aparato para realizarlo y material laminado obtenido. |
Country Status (28)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0312309B1 (es) |
JP (1) | JP2717095B2 (es) |
KR (1) | KR960005300B1 (es) |
CN (1) | CN1019080B (es) |
AR (1) | AR241766A1 (es) |
AT (1) | ATE71020T1 (es) |
AU (1) | AU606479B2 (es) |
BG (1) | BG50043A3 (es) |
BR (1) | BR8807252A (es) |
CA (1) | CA1337260C (es) |
DD (1) | DD277048A5 (es) |
DE (1) | DE3867415D1 (es) |
DK (1) | DK166265C (es) |
ES (1) | ES2029028T3 (es) |
FI (1) | FI96397C (es) |
GB (2) | GB8724244D0 (es) |
GR (1) | GR3003830T3 (es) |
HU (1) | HU203300B (es) |
MY (1) | MY103783A (es) |
NO (1) | NO892420D0 (es) |
NZ (1) | NZ226537A (es) |
PL (1) | PL163969B1 (es) |
PT (1) | PT88738B (es) |
RU (1) | RU2069154C1 (es) |
TR (1) | TR23932A (es) |
WO (1) | WO1989003301A1 (es) |
YU (2) | YU190888A (es) |
ZA (1) | ZA887626B (es) |
Families Citing this family (30)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB8724240D0 (en) * | 1987-10-15 | 1987-11-18 | Metal Box Plc | Laminated metal sheet |
JP2733589B2 (ja) * | 1992-01-17 | 1998-03-30 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | ポリプロピレンラミネート鋼板及びその製造方法 |
US5516397A (en) * | 1992-01-17 | 1996-05-14 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Polypropylene-laminated steel sheet and production thereof |
US5234516A (en) * | 1992-01-28 | 1993-08-10 | Toyo Kohan Co., Ltd. | Method for production of a polyethylene laminated metal sheet |
DE4218369A1 (de) * | 1992-06-04 | 1993-12-09 | Basf Lacke & Farben | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Metall-Kunststoffolie-Verbundes, nach diesem Verfahren hergestellter Metall-Kunststoffolie-Verbund sowie dessen Verwendung zur Herstellung von Verpackungsbehältern |
GB9306140D0 (en) * | 1993-03-25 | 1993-05-19 | Metal Box Plc | Process & apparatus for producing laminated materials |
GB9306243D0 (en) * | 1993-03-25 | 1993-05-19 | Metal Box Plc | Process & apparatus for producing coated metal |
US5919517A (en) * | 1993-05-05 | 1999-07-06 | Aluminum Company Of America | Method for coating a metal strip |
US5407702A (en) * | 1993-05-05 | 1995-04-18 | Aluminum Company Of America | Method for coating a metal strip |
WO1995004653A1 (fr) * | 1993-08-04 | 1995-02-16 | Toyo Kohan Co., Ltd. | Plaque stratifiee et procede de fabrication de ladite plaque |
GB2303330B (en) * | 1995-07-21 | 1999-09-08 | British Steel Plc | Improvements in and relating to laminated tin mill products and methods of producing the same |
DE19529583A1 (de) * | 1995-08-11 | 1997-02-13 | Basf Lacke & Farben | Vorrichtung zum Beschichten von Metallbahnen |
WO1998053992A1 (en) | 1997-05-30 | 1998-12-03 | Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation | Method for coating aluminum metal strip |
DE19812302A1 (de) * | 1998-03-20 | 1999-09-30 | Alcan Gmbh | Metallverbundmaterial und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
JP3291245B2 (ja) * | 1998-05-11 | 2002-06-10 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | フィルムラミネート装置 |
US6723441B1 (en) * | 1999-09-22 | 2004-04-20 | Nkk Corporation | Resin film laminated metal sheet for can and method for fabricating the same |
ES2229657T3 (es) * | 1999-12-23 | 2005-04-16 | ALCAN TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT AG | Procedimiento para la fabricacion de una lamina de aluminio recubierta con plastico. |
DE10014046A1 (de) | 2000-03-23 | 2001-09-27 | Basell Polypropylen Gmbh | Chemische Verbindung, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung in Katalysatorsystemen zur Herstellung von Polyolefinen |
DE60207819T2 (de) * | 2001-02-06 | 2006-08-24 | Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. | Laminat zur verwendung in der armierung einer zelle und sekundärzelle |
DE10130005B4 (de) * | 2001-06-25 | 2004-12-23 | Rasselstein Gmbh | Verfahren zur Beschichtung der Oberfläche eines Metallbandes mit einem Kunststoffilm und Verwendung eines nach dem Verfahren hergestellten Laminats |
DE60331007D1 (de) † | 2003-08-18 | 2010-03-04 | Nippon Steel Corp | Laminiertes blech und herstellungsverfahren dafür |
JP4628697B2 (ja) * | 2004-06-07 | 2011-02-09 | 住友軽金属工業株式会社 | 二次電池容器外側面装着用アルミニウムラミネート材 |
DE102007030928A1 (de) * | 2007-07-03 | 2009-01-08 | Hydro Aluminium Deutschland Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines bandförmigen Verbundmaterials |
EP2123430B1 (en) | 2008-05-20 | 2020-07-01 | EOS GmbH Electro Optical Systems | Influencing specific mechanical properties of three-dimensional objects manufactured by a selective sintering by means of electromagnetic radiation from a powder comprising at least one polymer or copolymer |
CN103782412B (zh) * | 2011-09-08 | 2016-04-13 | 日新制钢株式会社 | 电池外壳用层叠体及其制造方法以及二次电池 |
CN102941718B (zh) * | 2012-09-29 | 2014-12-24 | 奥瑞金包装股份有限公司 | 一种用于贴覆金属基板的流延聚丙烯薄膜及其制备方法 |
CN103615074B (zh) * | 2013-11-29 | 2016-07-06 | 杭州丹尼建材有限公司 | 一种屋面瓦的生产工艺 |
BR112018068626B1 (pt) | 2016-04-04 | 2023-02-23 | Tata Steel Ijmuiden Bv | Laminado e processo para a produção do mesmo em uma linha de revestimento |
KR102079597B1 (ko) * | 2018-02-21 | 2020-02-20 | 대성앤텍 주식회사 | 엘이디 기판의 제조장치 및 이의 제조방법 |
CN115071225B (zh) * | 2022-06-15 | 2024-04-30 | 粤海中粤(中山)马口铁工业有限公司 | 覆膜铁加工方法、覆膜铁及其应用的承压金属罐 |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1028085A (en) * | 1963-11-06 | 1966-05-04 | Continental Can Co | Improvements in or relating to laminating dissimilar materials |
BE755748A (nl) * | 1969-09-08 | 1971-02-15 | Continental Can Co | Werkwijze voor het hechten van een laag propeenpolymeer aan eenmetaaloppervlak |
CA978464A (en) * | 1972-08-09 | 1975-11-25 | Henry P. Schreiber | Polyolefin-metal laminates |
GB1471397A (en) * | 1976-05-28 | 1977-04-27 | British Cellophane Ltd | Application of synthetic thermoplastic film to metal and coated metal sheets |
JPS5689518A (en) * | 1979-12-21 | 1981-07-20 | Toyo Ink Mfg Co Ltd | Production of laminate |
US4397916A (en) * | 1980-02-29 | 1983-08-09 | Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. | Laminated multilayer structure |
JPS61148027A (ja) * | 1984-12-24 | 1986-07-05 | Idemitsu Petrochem Co Ltd | 金属一樹脂積層体の製造方法 |
JPH0684061B2 (ja) * | 1985-06-19 | 1994-10-26 | 三菱化成株式会社 | 金属とポリオレフインの積層体の製造方法 |
GB8724242D0 (en) * | 1987-10-15 | 1987-11-18 | Metal Box Plc | Laminated metal sheet |
GB8724241D0 (en) * | 1987-10-15 | 1987-11-18 | Metal Box Plc | Laminated metal sheet |
GB8724237D0 (en) * | 1987-10-15 | 1987-11-18 | Metal Box Plc | Laminated metal sheet |
-
1987
- 1987-10-15 GB GB878724244A patent/GB8724244D0/en active Pending
-
1988
- 1988-10-12 DD DD88320677A patent/DD277048A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-12 EP EP88309508A patent/EP0312309B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-12 JP JP63508421A patent/JP2717095B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-12 CN CN88107017A patent/CN1019080B/zh not_active Expired
- 1988-10-12 HU HU886255A patent/HU203300B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-12 MY MYPI88001139A patent/MY103783A/en unknown
- 1988-10-12 KR KR1019890700998A patent/KR960005300B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-12 CA CA000579945A patent/CA1337260C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-10-12 RU SU884614284A patent/RU2069154C1/ru active
- 1988-10-12 ES ES198888309508T patent/ES2029028T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-12 AU AU25558/88A patent/AU606479B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-10-12 AT AT88309508T patent/ATE71020T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-12 ZA ZA887626A patent/ZA887626B/xx unknown
- 1988-10-12 WO PCT/GB1988/000850 patent/WO1989003301A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1988-10-12 PT PT88738A patent/PT88738B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-12 BR BR888807252A patent/BR8807252A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-12 GB GB8823931A patent/GB2211140B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-12 AR AR88312164A patent/AR241766A1/es active
- 1988-10-12 DE DE8888309508T patent/DE3867415D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-12 PL PL88275219A patent/PL163969B1/pl unknown
- 1988-10-12 NZ NZ226537A patent/NZ226537A/xx unknown
- 1988-10-13 YU YU01908/88A patent/YU190888A/xx unknown
- 1988-10-14 TR TR88/0721A patent/TR23932A/xx unknown
-
1989
- 1989-06-13 NO NO892420A patent/NO892420D0/no unknown
- 1989-06-13 BG BG88826A patent/BG50043A3/xx unknown
- 1989-06-14 DK DK292689A patent/DK166265C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-06-14 FI FI892900A patent/FI96397C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-12-04 YU YU227489A patent/YU227489A/sh unknown
-
1992
- 1992-02-18 GR GR920400252T patent/GR3003830T3/el unknown
Also Published As
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
AR241766A1 (es) | Procedimiento para producir un material laminado que comprende propileno adherido a un sustrato metalico, aparato para realizarlo y material laminado obtenido. | |
ES2040352T3 (es) | Lamina metalica laminada. | |
NO820984L (no) | Forseglbare flerlagsfolier med liten gassgjennomtrengelighet samt deres anvendelse som emballasjematerial | |
ES2055425T3 (es) | Dispositivos absorbentes y precursores para los mismos. | |
ES2032976T3 (es) | Chapa metalica laminada. | |
MX9401128A (es) | Pelicula de poliolefina de varias capas, biaxialmente orientada, que puede ser sellada con calor a baja temperatura; procedimiento para su produccion y su uso. | |
MX160599A (es) | Metodo mejorado para formar un saquillo susceptible de estallar | |
ES2032975T3 (es) | Chapa metalica laminada. | |
ES2095990T3 (es) | Peliculas termoplasticas para la union por fijacion termica de revestimientos de tejados y metodo para cubrir tejados. | |
ES2030881T3 (es) | Panel aglomerado aligerado destinado a la realizacion de estructuras multicapas resistentes a los golpes y a las agresiones termicas. | |
DE60239361D1 (de) | Kohlefaser-kompositmaterial mit reflektierender oberfläche für transferelemente | |
MX9400261A (es) | Componente de tren de potencia con pelicula adherente que tiene una composicion graduada. | |
BR0101924A (pt) | Folha composta respirável e impermeável a lìquido | |
BR8502062A (pt) | Processo para preparar uma folha laminada e processo para preparar um artigo conformado | |
ES2051865T3 (es) | Procedimiento para producir dispositivos de cristal liquido. | |
MX9400632A (es) | Pelicula de varias capas de polipropileno biaxialmente orientada, procedimiento para su produccion ysu uso | |
SE7706825L (sv) | Av aluminium och plast sammansatt folie samt sett att framstella densamma | |
ES2069622T3 (es) | Material de soldadura de bajo punto de fusion dopado con cobre para ensamblaje y retoque de componentes. | |
GB1084721A (en) | Uniting polymer films | |
ES2043393T3 (es) | Un metodo para la produccion de placas compuestas a base de piedra ornamental o de un material equivalente. | |
FI922765A0 (fi) | Tid-temperaturindikator. | |
BR8103186A (pt) | Processo para laminar uma camada fotossensivel sobre suporte a uma superficie de substrato atraves de pressao | |
AR115397A1 (es) | Bolsa con pico y métodos para su fabricación | |
ES513731A0 (es) | Mejoras introducidas en un procedimiento para el electrodeposito de una capa compuesta que contiene niquel entre capas, sobre un sustrato. | |
MX166505B (es) | Mejoras en una mezcla adhesiva de autocurado y metodo para formarla |