WO2025201306A1 - 一种单级式高频隔离dc/ac逆变器 - Google Patents
一种单级式高频隔离dc/ac逆变器Info
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- WO2025201306A1 WO2025201306A1 PCT/CN2025/084646 CN2025084646W WO2025201306A1 WO 2025201306 A1 WO2025201306 A1 WO 2025201306A1 CN 2025084646 W CN2025084646 W CN 2025084646W WO 2025201306 A1 WO2025201306 A1 WO 2025201306A1
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- phase shift
- shift angle
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- switch tube
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/4807—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode having a high frequency intermediate AC stage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Definitions
- Isolated DC/AC converters can be divided into two-stage and single-stage types according to the number of power conversion times in the topology. Compared with the two-stage type, the single-stage isolated DC/AC converter can reduce one power conversion stage and has potential advantages such as high efficiency, high power density and low cost. It has currently received widespread attention and research.
- Phase-shift modulation is one of the primary modulation strategies for driving the power circuits of isolated DC/AC converters. Phase-shift modulation transfers power by varying the phase-shift angle of the switching tube bridge arms. In a dual-active bridge topology, the high-frequency rectifier/inverter units on both sides of the high-frequency transformer use power switching tubes. Phase-shift modulation is achieved by modulating the phase difference between the drive signals of each switching tube. Therefore, this modulation is commonly used and easy to implement in dual-active bridge topologies. Based on different phase-shift operating conditions, various phase-shift modulation strategies have emerged, including single-phase, extended-phase, double-phase, and triple-phase.
- the high-frequency inductor current within the cavity varies nonlinearly, making the mathematical modeling process complex.
- the relationship between the control degrees of freedom and the state variables is difficult to directly derive and calculate using analytical expressions.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a matrix switch type single-stage isolated DC/AC converter, which adopts a modulation strategy combining extended phase shifting and frequency modulation, and on this basis adds a soft switching precise compensation method based on numerical calculation to solve the above-mentioned problems.
- the fundamental component expression of the AC power supply voltage on the secondary side is combined with the modulus length expression of the active current phasor to obtain the modulus length expression of the active current phasor based on the inner phase shift angle and the outer phase shift angle as variables.
- phase of the resonant current is ensured to be in phase with the AC side voltage and the dead time of the AC side switch tube is increased; and the modulus length of the reactive current phasor is ensured to be 0.
- phase shift angle based on the inner phase shift angle and the outer phase shift angle as variables is defined. Based on the transformer's turns ratio, active current module length, and phase shift angle, an expression for the turn-on current value required by the switch S1 is obtained.
- a turn-on current reference value of the switch tube S1 is obtained based on the equivalent value of the output junction capacitance of the DC side switch tube, the dead time set for the DC side switch tube, and the DC power supply voltage on the DC side.
- Active current phasor module length expression based on inner phase shift angle and outer phase shift angle as variables
- the modulus length of the reactive current phasor is 0;
- the fundamental component of the AC power supply voltage on the secondary side is expressed as:
- modulus length expression of the active current phasor based on the inner phase shift angle and the outer phase shift angle as variables is obtained as follows:
- ⁇ the phasor modulus of v ab1,N ( ⁇ s t) as V p
- the phasor modulus of nv cd1,N ( ⁇ s t) as V s
- Z r as the resonant cavity impedance
- Iac is the AC side power supply current value
- Lr represents the resonant inductance value of the series resonant cavity
- Cr represents the resonant capacitance
- a new switching frequency of the primary side switch tube is obtained based on PI regulation, and according to the new switching frequency of the primary side switch tube, a new inner phase shift angle and an outer phase shift angle are obtained in combination with an expression of the resonant cavity impedance, an expression of the inner phase shift angle and an expression of the outer phase shift angle;
- the digital processor Based on the new inner phase shift angle, outer phase shift angle and switching frequency determined above, the digital processor outputs a driving signal for driving the switch tube to perform power modulation on the inverter.
- Z is the characteristic impedance of the resonant cavity
- F is the ratio of the switching angular frequency to the resonant angular frequency
- a second aspect of the present invention provides a single-stage high-frequency isolated DC/AC inverter, which adopts the above-mentioned modulation method and includes a primary-side bridge inverter circuit, a high-frequency transformer, a series resonant cavity, and a secondary-side AC circuit connected in sequence.
- the primary-side bridge inverter circuit includes four switching tubes to form an H-bridge, and the series resonant cavity contains a resonant inductor and a resonant capacitor.
- the secondary-side AC circuit includes at least two groups of switching tubes to form a first bridge circuit.
- the first bridge circuit includes two bridge arms, and the midpoints of the bridge arms are electrically connected to the series resonant cavity.
- a third aspect of the present invention provides a single-stage high-frequency isolated DC/AC inverter, comprising a primary-side bridge inverter circuit, a high-frequency transformer, a series resonant cavity, and a secondary-side AC circuit connected in sequence.
- the primary-side bridge inverter circuit includes four switching transistors to form an H-bridge, the series resonant cavity contains a resonant inductor and a resonant capacitor, and the secondary-side AC circuit includes at least two groups of switching transistors to form a first bridge circuit.
- the first bridge circuit includes two bridge arms, and the midpoints of the bridge arms are electrically connected to the series resonant cavity.
- the inverter is modulated by a control circuit, and the control circuit is provided with an inverter modulation method, which includes the steps of:
- the inner phase shift angle between the primary-side bridge arms, the outer phase shift angle between the primary-side bridge arms and the secondary-side bridge arms, and the switching frequencies of the primary-side and secondary-side switching tubes are determined to modulate the control variables of the inverter, including power transfer characteristics and soft switching characteristics.
- the charging and discharging of the output junction capacitance on both sides of the drain and source of the primary side switch tube is controlled by the resonant current, the high-frequency transformer ratio and the phase shift angle, and the phase shift angle is determined by the inner phase shift angle and the outer phase shift angle.
- the single-stage structure adopted by the present invention has only one stage of power conversion, which has the advantages of high efficiency, high power density and low cost;
- the present invention first performs fundamental-wave equivalence on the main circuit based on the fundamental-wave approximation method, analyzes the conditions required for the modulation strategy from the perspectives of power transmission characteristics and soft switching characteristics, and proposes a modulation strategy that combines extended phase shifting with frequency modulation. Theoretically, it can achieve soft switching of all switches within the full voltage range, while effectively reducing the effective value of the current in the resonant cavity and improving the converter efficiency.
- FIG2 is a circuit diagram of the inverter main circuit topology in Example 1 provided by the present invention.
- FIG3 is a flowchart of the steps of the inverter modulation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram of the square wave voltage at the midpoint CD of the DC side bridge arm in an embodiment provided by the present invention
- FIG7 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a series resonant cavity according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG8 is a diagram showing the phase shift angle relationship of the alternating square wave voltage in the embodiment provided by the present invention.
- FIG9 is a high-frequency voltage and current phasor diagram under fundamental wave approximation in an embodiment provided by the present invention.
- FIG10 is a time domain steady-state waveform and corresponding phasor diagram in the series resonant cavity according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a phasor diagram of voltage and current signals and part of the drive signal under extended phase-shift modulation in an embodiment provided by the present invention
- FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a soft switch compensation based on numerical calculation in an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG13 is a circuit diagram of the inverter main circuit topology in the second embodiment provided by the present invention.
- FIG14 is a circuit diagram of the inverter main circuit topology in the third embodiment provided by the present invention.
- FIG15 is a circuit diagram of the inverter main circuit topology in the fourth embodiment provided by the present invention.
- connection and “fixation” should be understood in a broad sense.
- fixing can mean fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified.
- a single-stage isolated DC/AC inverter has a main circuit consisting of three parts: a primary-side bridge inverter circuit, a secondary-side AC circuit, and a series resonant cavity and high-frequency transformer in the middle.
- the secondary side (AC side) of the circuit utilizes a full-bridge structure, with four bidirectional matrix switching transistors S5 - S12 forming the two arms of the full bridge.
- the primary side (DC side) utilizes switching transistors S1 - S4 forming an H-bridge.
- the high-frequency transformer T has a transformation ratio of n, and its series resonant cavity contains a resonant inductor Lr and a resonant capacitor Cr .
- This topology is a single-stage dual-active bridge structure with bidirectional matrix switches as the AC-side bridge arms. It features a simple structure and requires no additional rectification. The duty cycle of the switches is controlled by a PWM drive signal from the control circuit, thereby achieving inverter control and output regulation.
- a modulation method of an inverter is provided in a control circuit.
- This embodiment proposes a modulation method combining extended phase shifting with frequency modulation, which includes the following steps:
- the DC/AC inverter power circuit is first analyzed using the fundamental wave approximation method. Since the AC input voltage of the DC/AC inverter is time-varying, the following assumptions are made for ease of analysis: (1) the inverter is in steady-state operation; and (2) the AC input voltage is assumed to be constant within a switching cycle.
- each voltage and current fundamental wave can be represented in the form of a phasor diagram, as shown in Figure 9.
- the phasor of v ab1,N ( ⁇ s t) is defined as
- the phasor of nv cd1,N ( ⁇ s t) is At this time, the voltage excitation applied to both ends of the resonant cavity is Under the premise that the switching frequency is higher than the resonant frequency, a resonant current i r ( ⁇ s t) will be generated that lags behind the voltage excitation by 90°.
- i r ( ⁇ s t) I rp ⁇ sin( ⁇ s t)+I rq ⁇ cos( ⁇ s t) (5)
- the first thing to pay attention to is its power transmission characteristics, that is, whether the instantaneous current transmitted can follow the AC voltage to ensure a small current total harmonic distortion (THD) to meet grid connection requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to control the average value of the resonant current transmitted to the AC side output terminal in each switching cycle in the high-frequency resonant cavity.
- TDD current total harmonic distortion
- the second area of focus is the implementation of soft switching for the switch. This requires ensuring that the current flow direction is consistent with the body diode during the dead-time before the switch turns on, and that the output junction capacitance on both sides of the switch's drain and source is fully charged and discharged during the dead-time between arm switch switching.
- the phasor corresponding to the fundamental wave of the square wave driven by the switch tubes S1 and S4 is defined as The phasor diagram at this time can be drawn as shown in Figure 11.
- this embodiment adopts a three-degree-of-freedom modulation strategy combining extended phase shift and frequency modulation, and the control quantities are the inner phase shift angle ⁇ , the outer phase shift angle And the switching frequency fs . Matching it is based on the three conditions corresponding to the inverter power transfer characteristics and soft switching characteristics mentioned above, namely:
- phase shift angle ⁇ is defined as shown in Figure 11. This value can be expressed as the inner phase shift angle ⁇ and the outer phase shift angle express:
- the turn-on current reference value I dc_switch_ref at this time can be calculated as shown in the following formula (10), where C oss_dc is the equivalent value of the output junction capacitance of the DC side switch tube, and t d_dc is the dead time set for the DC side switch tube. Based on this, the size of the phase shift angle ⁇ can be calculated.
- the switching frequency fs can be expressed as:
- the fundamental wave approximation ignores the square wave voltage excitation outside the resonant cavity and the harmonics of the resonant capacitor voltage and resonant current within the resonant cavity, the actual current at the switching moment differs from the theoretically calculated current, resulting in the loss of soft switching.
- the AC side is a high-frequency rectifier. After switching on, the direction of the resonant current remains the same as that of its body diode. Even if there is an error in the instantaneous current, ZVS can still be achieved by appropriately increasing the dead time (Extended Dead-time).
- phase shift angle ⁇ must be adjusted to ensure that the turn-on current I dc_switch of switch S1 meets the soft switching requirements. If ⁇ is adjusted too small, the soft switching of the switch may be insufficient or even hard. If ⁇ is adjusted too large, the effective value of the resonant current may increase, thereby increasing conduction losses.
- this embodiment adds a soft switching precise compensation method based on numerical calculation on the basis of the fundamental wave approximation method, which specifically includes the following steps:
- T2 Determine the turn-on current error value based on the turn-on current value of the primary-side switch tube and the precise current value
- the modulation principle of the phase shift angle ⁇ under inverter operation is derived. According to formula (8), there is a monotonic relationship between I dc_switch_TDA and the phase shift angle ⁇ . Therefore, the switching frequency fs can be adjusted in a closed-loop manner to achieve the adjustment of I dc_switch_TDA .
- the specific control block diagram is shown in Figure 12.
- the switching frequency fs at this time consists of two parts. The first part is the switching frequency fs_FHA obtained by formula (14); the second part is the closed-loop output obtained by entering the error value I dc_switch_Er into the PI regulator.
- this embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the secondary AC circuit employs a half-bridge structure, with two groups of bidirectional matrix switches S5 - S8 forming a bridge arm.
- the midpoint A of this bridge arm is connected to the series resonant cavity.
- the secondary AC circuit also includes two capacitors C1 and C2 as the other bridge arm.
- the midpoint B of this bridge arm is connected to the series resonant cavity.
- the same modulation method as in the first embodiment is adopted.
- the secondary AC circuit includes a first bridge circuit and a second bridge circuit, wherein the first bridge circuit is a full-bridge structure and is configured to perform industrial frequency full-wave rectification on the AC voltage based on an unfolding bridge, while the second bridge circuit simultaneously realizes power quality and soft switching of the AC current.
- the difference from Example 3 lies in that the first bridge circuit in this embodiment employs a half-bridge structure, with switches S5 - S6 forming one arm.
- the midpoint A of this arm, connecting the two switching groups, is connected to the series resonant cavity.
- the other arm, consisting of capacitors C ac1 and C ac2 has its midpoint B connected to the series resonant cavity.
- the capacitor arm of the half-bridge also serves as capacitor C ac in Example 3. Both C ac1 and C ac2 are uF-level thin-film capacitors.
- inverter modulation the same modulation method as in Example 1 is employed.
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种单级式高频隔离DC/AC逆变器,其包括依次连接的原边侧桥式逆变电路、高频变压器、串联谐振腔以及副边侧交流电路。逆变器受控制电路调制,控制电路中设置有逆变器调制方法,其包括步骤:基于基波近似算法确定原边侧桥臂间的内移相角、原边侧桥臂与副边侧桥臂间的外移相角以及原边侧开关管和副边侧开关管的开关频率,以对逆变器的控制量进行调制,控制量包括功率传输特性和软开关特性;通过计算原边侧开关管开关时刻的精确电流值,以根据精确电流值对控制量进行补偿。
Description
本发明涉及逆变器控制技术领域,尤其涉及一种单级式高频隔离DC/AC逆变器。
绿色能源正成为目前能源转型的主要方向,其中太阳能作为资源丰富、分布广泛的一种清洁能源,是目前新能源发展的主要方向之一。而若要将太阳能转换为可供使用的电能,就需要DC/AC逆变器将光伏电池板的直流电转换为电网的交流电。考虑到设备和人身安全,DC/AC逆变器通常需要进行电气隔离,即为隔离型DC/AC变换器。
隔离型的DC/AC变换器按照拓扑电能变换次数来分,可分为两级式和单级式,而相较于两级式,单级式隔离型DC/AC变换器可减少一级功率变换,具有高效率、高功率密度和低成本等潜在优势,目前已得到广泛的关注及研究。
针对隔离型的DC/AC变换器,移相调制是其功率电路驱动的主要调制策略之一。移相调制通过改变开关管桥臂的移相角来传递功率,对于双有源桥拓扑而言,高频变压器两侧的高频整流/逆变单元都使用功率开关管,通过调制各个开关管的驱动信号之间相位差即可实现移相调制的效果,因此该调制在双有源桥拓扑中较为常用也易于实现。基于不同的移相工况,产生了单移相、拓展移相、双重移相、三重移相等多种移相调制策略。
对于腔内至少有两个无源元件的谐振型单级式DC/AC变换器而言,其腔内高频电感电流非线性变化,因此其数学建模过程较为复杂,控制自由度和状态变量之间的关系很难通过解析表达式直接推导计算。如果要对变换器的调制策略进行优化,确保变换器在不同负载和电压增益下实现软开关及较小的高频电流有效值和开关管关断电流,优化变换器效率,就需要对谐振型变换器的工作模态和相应软开关条件进行分析,找到最适用于谐振型单级式DC/AC变换器的控制方法。
本发明的目的在于提供一种矩阵开关型的单级式隔离型DC/AC变换器,采用拓展移相与调频相结合的调制策略,并在此基础上加入了基于数值计算的软开关精确补偿方法,用以解决上述问题。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案为:
一种应用于单级式高频隔离DC/AC逆变器的调制方法,
基于基波近似法确定原边侧桥式逆变电路的内移相角、原边侧桥臂与副边侧桥臂间的外移相角以及原边侧开关管和副边侧开关管的开关频率;
基于上述所确定的内移相角、外移相角和开关频率,由数字处理器输出用于驱动开关管的驱动信号以对逆变器进行功率调制。
进一步的,定义原边侧靠近变压器的桥臂为超前桥臂,定义原边侧靠近直流电源的桥臂为滞后桥臂;
内移相角为直流侧超前桥臂驱动超前滞后桥臂驱动的相角,外移相角为交流侧电压超前直流侧电压的相角;
基于基波分析法对逆变器主电路拓扑进行等效分析,对原边侧的直流电源电压表达式以及副边侧的交流电源电压表达式分别进行傅里叶分解,后分别得到原边侧的直流电源电压以及副边侧的交流电源电压的基波分量表达式。
进一步的,将谐振电流对应相量按相位分为有功电流相量和无功电流相量,基于直流侧的电压相量和交流侧的电压相量,分别得有功电流相量模长和无功电流相量模长的表达式。
进一步的,将副边侧的交流电源电压的基波分量表达式与有功电流相量模长表达式联立,得基于内移相角和外移相角作为变量的有功电流相量模长表达式。
进一步的,保证谐振电流相位与交流侧电压同相位并增大交流侧开关管的死区时间;保证无功电流相量模长为0。
进一步的,保证在超前桥臂上连接直流电源正极的开关管S1开通前,谐振电流的方向为正,且在死区时间内对其输出电容Coss的充分充放电;
定义基于内移相角和外移相角为变量的移相角的表达式,基于变压器的匝数比、有功电流模长和移相角,得开关管S1需要的开通电流值的表达式。
进一步的,基于直流侧开关管的输出结电容的等效值,直流侧开关管设定的死区时间以及直流侧直流电源电压得开关管S1的开通电流参考值。
进一步的,依据如下条件:
基于内移相角和外移相角作为变量的有功电流相量模长表达式;
无功电流相量模长为0;
基于内移相角和外移相角为变量的移相角的表达式;
开关管S1的开通电流参考值;
基于变压器的匝数比、有功电流模长和移相角的开关管S1开通电流值的表达式;
将条件(1)-(5)联立可分别得内移相角和外移相角的表达式,并分别求得内移相角和外移相角的数值。
进一步的,基于内移相角的表达式、外移相角的表达式以及基于内移相角和外移相角作为变量的有功电流相量模长表达式,得谐振腔阻抗的表达式,并基于谐振电感、谐振电容以及该谐振腔阻抗的表达式得原边侧开关管开关频率的表达式。
进一步的,原边侧的直流电源电压的基波分量表达式为:
副边侧的交流电源电压的基波分量表达式为:
有功电流相量模长的表达式为:
无功电流相量模长的表达式为:
得基于内移相角和外移相角作为变量的有功电流相量模长表达式为:
基于内移相角和外移相角为变量的移相角的表达式,基于变压器的匝数比、有功电流模长和移相角,得开关管S1需要的开通电流值的表达式为:Idc_switch=n·Irp sin(α);
内移相角的表达式为:
外移相角的表达式为:
谐振腔阻抗的表达式为:
原边侧开关管开关频率的表达式为:
式中:n为高频变压器变比,交流侧电源电压瞬时值vac,直流侧电源电压Vdc,开关角频率ωs=2πfs(fs为开关频率),直流侧超前桥臂驱动超前滞后桥臂驱动的内移相角θ,交流侧电压超前直流侧电压的外移相角定义vab1,N(ωst)的相量模长为Vp,nvcd1,N(ωst)的相量模长为Vs,Zr为谐振腔阻抗;定义移相角α,其被内移相角θ和外移相角所表示:iac为交流侧电源电流值;Lr表示为串联谐振腔的谐振电感值,Cr表示为串联谐振腔中的谐振电容值。
进一步的,基于不同工作模态下谐振电感电流和谐振电容电压的微分方程求解原边侧开关管开关时刻的精确电流值;
根据原边侧开关管开通电流值和精确电流值确定开通电流的误差值;
根据误差值基于PI调节得到新的原边侧开关管开关频率,并根据新的原边侧开关管开关频率结合谐振腔阻抗的表达式、内移相角的表达式和外移相角的表达式得新的内移相角和外移相角;
基于上述所确定的新的内移相角、外移相角和开关频率,由数字处理器输出用于驱动开关管的驱动信号以对逆变器进行功率调制。
进一步的,基于不同工作模态下谐振电感电流和谐振电容电压的微分方程,精确电流值的表达式为:
其中,Z为谐振腔的特征阻抗,F为开关角频率和谐振角频率的比值,交直流电压增益比M=vac/nVdc。
本发明第二方面提供了一种单级式高频隔离DC/AC逆变器,其采用上述的调制方法,包括依次连接的原边侧桥式逆变电路、高频变压器、串联谐振腔以及副边侧交流电路,原边侧桥式逆变电路包括四个开关管以形成H桥,串联谐振腔内包含一谐振电感和一谐振电容,副边侧交流电路包含至少两组开关管组以组成第一桥电路,第一桥电路包含两个桥臂,桥臂中点均与串联谐振腔电连接。
进一步的,在第一桥电路的两个桥臂中,两组开关管组形成第一桥臂,并且以两组开关管组或两个电容形成第二桥臂;第一桥臂中点与第二桥臂中点均连接于串联谐振腔。
进一步的,在第一桥电路的开关管组中,每个开关管组被配置为一个开关管时,副边交流电路还包括第二桥电路,第二桥电路并联于第一桥电路,并被配置为输出交流电。
进一步的,第二桥电路包括四组开关管组,每个开关管组只包括一个开关管。
本发明第三方面提供了一种单级式高频隔离DC/AC逆变器,其包括依次连接的原边侧桥式逆变电路、高频变压器、串联谐振腔以及副边侧交流电路,原边侧桥式逆变电路包括四个开关管以形成H桥,串联谐振腔内包含一谐振电感和一谐振电容,副边侧交流电路包含至少两组开关管组以组成第一桥电路,第一桥电路包含两个桥臂,桥臂中点均与串联谐振腔电连接;
逆变器受控制电路调制,控制电路中设置有逆变器调制方法,方法包括步骤:
基于基波近似算法确定原边侧桥臂间的内移相角、原边侧桥臂与副边侧桥臂间的外移相角以及原边侧开关管和副边侧开关管的开关频率,以对逆变器的控制量进行调制,控制量包括功率传输特性和软开关特性;
功率传输特性决定副边侧交流电电流的波形质量,软开关特定决定开关管截止或导通时所产生的功率损耗。
进一步的,功率传输特性由串联谐振腔内每个开关周期传递至交流侧输出端的谐振电流平均值确定;软开关特性包括副边侧开关管在其开通前的死区时间内的电流方向与其体二极管的方向相同,以及在桥臂开关管切换的死区时间内完成对原边侧开关管漏源极两侧输出结电容的充放电。
进一步的,根据谐振电流对应相量按相位分为有功电流相量和无功电流相量,以有功电流相量的模长控制逆变器功率传输特性。
进一步的,以无功电流相量的模长控制副边侧开关管在其开通前的死区时间内的电流方向与其体二极管的方向相同。
进一步的,完成对原边侧开关管漏源极两侧输出结电容的充放电由谐振电流、高频变压器变比以及移相角控制,移相角由内移相角和外移相角确定。
进一步的,方法还包括步骤:通过计算原边侧开关管开关时刻的精确电流值,以根据精确电流值对控制量进行补偿。
本发明与现有技术相比,至少包含以下有益效果:
(1)本发明采用的单级式结构仅有一级功率变换,具有高效、高功率密度和低成本等优势;
(2)本发明首先基于基波近似法将主电路进行基波等效,分别从功率传输特性和软开关特性两个角度分析调制策略所需的条件,并在此基础上提出了一种拓展移相与调频相结合的调制策略,理论上可在全电压范围内实现全部开关管的软开关,同时有效降低谐振腔内的电流有效值,提高变换器效率;
(3)基于基波近似法可直接得到控制量的数值表达式,无需查表,执行简单,仅需采样输入输出两侧电压信号进入数字处理器中进行少量计算即可输出各开关管的PWM驱动信号对功率电路进行调制;
(4)为了确保变换器均能工作在软开关状态,本发明在基波近似的基础上加入了一种基于数值计算的软开关精确补偿方法,可确保实现全部开关管的零电压开通,保证变换器的效率。
图1是本发明所提供的实施例中光伏直流转交流拓扑示意图;
图2是本发明所提供的实施例一中逆变器主电路拓扑的电路图;
图3是本发明所提供的实施例中逆变器调制方法的步骤流程图;
图4是本发明所提供的实施例中交流侧桥臂中点AB电压方波(交流电压为正)的波形图;
图5是本发明所提供的实施例中交流侧桥臂中点AB电压方波(交流电压为负)的波形图;
图6是本发明所提供的实施例中直流侧桥臂中点CD电压方波的波形图;
图7是本发明所提供的实施例中串联谐振腔等效电路图;
图8是本发明所提供的实施例中交变方波电压的移相角关系图;
图9是本发明所提供的实施例中基波近似下的高频电压电流相量图;
图10是本发明所提供的实施例中串联谐振腔内的时域稳态波形及相应相量图;
图11是本发明所提供的实施例中拓展移相调制下各电压电流信号及部分驱动信号相量图;
图12是是本发明所提供的实施例中基于数值计算补偿软开关的示意图;
图13是本发明所提供的实施例二中逆变器主电路拓扑的电路图;
图14是本发明所提供的实施例三中逆变器主电路拓扑的电路图;
图15是本发明所提供的实施例四中逆变器主电路拓扑的电路图。
需要说明,本发明实施例中所有方向性指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前、后……)仅用于解释在某一特定姿态(如附图所示)下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等,如果该特定姿态发生改变时,则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
另外,在本发明中如涉及“第一”、“第二”、“一”等的描述仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此,限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本发明的描述中,“多个”的含义是至少两个,例如两个,三个等,除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“连接”、“固定”等应做广义理解,例如,“固定”可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或成一体;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系,除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
另外,本发明各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合,但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础,当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在,也不在本发明要求的保护范围之内。
以下是本发明的具体实施例,并结合附图对本发明的技术方案作进一步的描述,但本发明并不限于这些实施例。
如图1所示,一种单级式隔离型DC/AC逆变器,其主电路由三部分组成:原边侧桥式逆变电路、副边侧交流电路以及中间的串联谐振腔和高频变压器。
实施例一
在本实施例中,如图2所示,电路副边侧(交流侧)采用全桥结构,由四组双向矩阵开关管S5~S12组成全桥的两个桥臂。原边侧(直流侧)采用开关管S1~S4组成H桥。高频变压器T变比为n,串联谐振腔内包含一个谐振电感Lr和一个谐振电容Cr。
该拓扑为单级的双有源桥结构,以双向矩阵开关管作为交流侧桥臂,结构简单且无需额外整流环节。其中开关管的占空比输出受控制电路输出的PWM驱动信号控制,从而实现对逆变器的控制和输出调节。
如图3所示,控制电路中设置有逆变器的调制方法,本实施例提出了一种拓展移相与调频相结合的调制方法,其包括步骤:
S1、基于基波近似算法确定原边侧桥臂间的内移相角、原边侧桥臂与副边侧桥臂间的外移相角以及原边侧开关管和副边侧开关管的开关频率,以对逆变器的控制量进行调制,该控制量包括功率传输特性和软开关特性;
S2、计算原边侧开关管开关时刻的精确电流值,以根据精确电流值对控制量进行补偿。
在该调制方法中,首先对DC/AC逆变器功率电路进行基波近似法分析。由于DC/AC逆变器交流输入电压是时变的,为了便于分析,在此做如下假设:(1)逆变器已处于稳态运行状态;(2)在一个开关周期内,近似认为交流输入电压不变。
根据矩阵开关型电路的特点,交流侧四组双向管中的四个开关管工作在工频,另外四个高频工作,其交流和直流侧驱动和桥臂电压波形如图4-图6所示。当交流电压为正时,开关管S7和S8常通,开关管S5和S6高频工作,同时由于交流侧不加入额外内移相,控制开关管S11和S12的驱动信号同S7和S8一致,S9和S10的驱动信号同S5和S6保持一致,此时交流侧桥臂中点AB产生方波电压vab,如图4所示。类似的,当交流电压为负时,其驱动和桥臂中点电压波形如图5。直流侧H桥驱动和桥臂中点电压波形如图6所示,其桥臂输出电压为vab。
同时,定义开关管S1和S2所在的桥臂为超前桥臂,开关管S3和S4为滞后桥臂。此时变换器中谐振腔的等效电路如图7所示,交流侧和直流侧的电压表达式分别为vab(ωst)和nvcd(ωst),而后分别对其进行傅立叶分解,可得两者的基波分量表达式如下所示:
式中:交流侧电源电压瞬时值vac,直流侧电源电压Vdc,开关角频率ωs=2πfs(fs为开关频率),直流侧超前桥臂驱动超前滞后桥臂驱动的内移相角θ,交流侧电压超前直流侧电压的外移相角
同时,为方便分析,在此对逆变器的一些参数和变量进行了定义:交直流电压增益比M=vac/nVdc,谐振频率fr=1/(2π×sqrt(Lr×Cr)),谐振腔阻抗Zr=ωsLr–1/ωsCr;
由此,内移相角θ和外移相角在双向工作时的具体情况如下图8所示。
基于基波近似得到的结果,可对各电压电流基波以相量图的形式表示,如图9所示。定义vab1,N(ωst)的相量为nvcd1,N(ωst)的相量为此时施加在谐振腔两端的电压激励为在开关频率高于谐振频率的前提下,会产生滞后于电压激励90°相位的谐振电流ir(ωst)。为方便分析,本文将谐振电流对应相量按相位分为有功电流相量和无功电流相量两电流相量的模长Irp和Irq的表达式如下所示:
此时ir(ωst)的时域表达式如下所示:
ir(ωst)=Irp·sin(ωst)+Irq·cos(ωst) (5)
ir(ωst)=Irp·sin(ωst)+Irq·cos(ωst) (5)
对于一台DC/AC变换器而言,首先需要关注其功率传输特性,即其瞬时传输的电流大小能否跟随交流电压以保证较小的电流总谐波失真度THD(TotalHarmonicDistortion)以满足并网要求,因此需要控制高频谐振腔内每个开关周期传递至交流侧输出端的谐振电流平均值。
其次需要关注的就是开关管的软开关实现。实现软开关需要保证在开关管开通前的死区时间(Dead-time)内,电流方向与其体二极管方向相同,且在桥臂开关管切换之间的死区时间内完成对开关管漏源极两侧的输出结电容的充放电。
对于交流侧开关管,当ir(ωst)相位超前于vab1,N(ωst),即开关管S5和S10开通时ir为正,可实现其ZVS(Zero Voltage Switch,零电压开关),开关管S6和S9同理;对于直流侧开关管,nvcd1,N(ωst)相位超前于ir(ωst),当开关管S1和S4开通时ir为负,其同样可实现ZVS,开关管S2和S3同理。在基波近似法下的各电压电流相量以及驱动信号的波形图如图10所示。
此时,定义开关管S1、S4驱动方波的基波所对应的相量为可画出此时的相量图如图11所示。
根据上述的分析,本实施例采用了拓展移相与调频相结合的三自由度调制策略,控制量为内移相角θ、外移相角以及开关频率fs。与之匹配的是基于前文所提的逆变器功率传输特性和软开关特性对应的三个条件,即:
(1)条件一
第一个条件为功率传输特性,通过调整Irp保证交流电流波形质量。根据前文推导出的结果,将式(2)代入表达式(3)中,可得:
(2)条件二
第二个条件为保证交流侧开关管实现软开关。由于交流侧H桥为高频整流环节,高频电流的方向与其开关管的体二极管方向自然一致,通过保证与同相位并适当增大交流侧开关管的死区时间,即可实现交流侧全部开关管的零电压开通,根据式(4),此时有:
Irq=0 (7)
Irq=0 (7)
(3)条件三
第三个条件为保证直流侧开关管实现软开关。直流侧H桥为高频逆变环节,根据图10可知,需保证开关管S1开通前,谐振电流ir方向为正,且大小满足在死区时间内对其输出电容Coss的充分充放电。据此求得开关管S1需要的开通电流为:
Idc_switch=n·Irp sin(α) (8)
Idc_switch=n·Irp sin(α) (8)
其中移相角α定义如图11所示,该值可用内移相角θ和外移相角表示:
为保证此时开关管S1实现软开关,可求得此时的开通电流参考值Idc_switch_ref如下式(10)所示,其中Coss_dc为直流侧开关管的输出结电容的等效值,td_dc为直流侧开关管设定的死区时间,据此由此可求得移相角α的大小。
将式(6)、(7)、(9)、(10)联立,可求得此时的内移相角θ和外移相角为:
基于此,将式(11)、(12)代入到式(6)中,即可求得此时的谐振腔阻抗Zr为:
由此开关频率fs可被表示为:
此时即可求得拓展移相和变频调制的全部控制量,基于这些控制量即可在数字处理器中由外设得到各个开关管的驱动信号以对逆变器进行功率调制。该调制方法直接得到了各控制量的数值表达式,无需查表即可对逆变器电路进行调制,算法简单。
由于基波近似法忽略了谐振腔外部方波电压激励以及谐振腔内谐振电容电压和谐振电流的谐波,导致开关时刻的实际电流与理论计算电流有一定差别,存在丢失软开关的情况。在本实施例的DC/AC逆变器中,交流侧为高频整流环节,开通后谐振电流方向仍同其体二极管方向,即使瞬时电流存在误差,通过适当增大死区时间(ExtendedDead-time)仍可保证其ZVS的实现。
而为了保证直流侧开关管的软开关,需要通过调整移相角α,保证开关管S1的开通电流Idc_switch满足软开关的要求。如果调整α较小,可能导致开关管的软开关不充分甚至硬开通;而如果调整α较大,可能增大谐振电流有效值,增大导通损耗。
由此,本实施例在基波近似法的基础上加入了一种基于数值计算的软开关精确补偿方法,其具体包括步骤:
T1、基于不同工作模态下谐振电感电流和谐振电容电压的微分方程求解原边侧开关管开关时刻的精确电流值;
T2、根据原边侧开关管开通电流值和精确电流值确定开通电流的误差值;
T3、根据误差值基于PI调节得到新的原边侧开关管开关频率,并根据新的原边侧开关管开关频率对逆变器的控制量进行调制。
根据基于不同工作模态下谐振电感电流和谐振电容电压的微分方程数值模型求得精确电流值的表达式Idc_switch_TDA为:
其中,定义ωr为谐振角频率;Z为谐振腔的特征阻抗;F为开关角频率和谐振角频率的比值(为保证谐振阻抗为感性,因此频率比F恒大于1):
将式(11)、(12)、(14)中的fs、和θ代入到式(15)中,得到此时的Idc_switch_TDA。将其与交流侧高频开关管开通电流的理论参考值Idc_switch_ref作差,即可得到此时开通电流的误差值Idc_switch_Er如下式所示:
推导逆变工作下移相角α的调制原理,根据式(8)可知Idc_switch_TDA和移相角α之间存在单调关系,因此可采用闭环方式调整开关频率fs实现对Idc_switch_TDA的调整,具体的控制框图如图12所示。此时的开关频率fs由两部分组成,第一部分由式(14)求出的开关频率fs_FHA;第二部分是将误差值Idc_switch_Er进入PI调节器得到的闭环输出量。最后将得到的新fs代入式(11)、(12)重新求解外移相角和内移相角θ。从而形成新的外移相角内移相角θ和开关频率fs以实现对逆变器电路的调制。
上述的软开关精确补偿策略,对基波近似法存在的误差进行补偿,确保逆变器在全电压范围内均能工作在软开关状态,保证逆变器的效率。
实施例二
如图13所示,与实施例一的差别在于在本实施例中的副边交流电路采用半桥结构,由两组双向矩阵开关管S5~S8组成一个桥臂,两组开关管组这一桥臂的中点A连接于串联谐振腔。在副边交流电路中还包括两个电容C1和C2,作为另一桥臂,两个电容这一桥臂的中点B连接于串联谐振腔。
在逆变器调制过程中,采用与实施例一相同的调制方法。
实施例三
如图14所示,与实施例一的差别在于在本实施例中副边交流电路包括第一桥电路和第二桥电路,其中第一桥电路为全桥结构,并被配置为基于去折叠桥将交流电压进行工频全波整流,而第二桥电路同时实现交流电电流的电能质量和软开关。
在第一桥电路中,其包括四组开关管组,每个开关管组中仅包含一个开关管S5~S8。在第二桥电路中,其也包括四组开关管组,每个开关管组中仅包含一个开关管S9~S12。在逆变器调制过程中,采用与实施例一相同的调制方法。
实施例四
如图15所示,与实施例三的差别在于本实施例中的第一桥电路中,采用的是半桥结构,由开关管S5~S6组成一个桥臂,两组开关管组这一桥臂的中点A连接于串联谐振腔。另一桥臂则由电容Cac1和Cac2组成,该桥臂的中点B连接于串联谐振腔。同时,由半桥的电容桥臂同时承担实施例三中电容Cac的作用,Cac1和Cac2均为uF级别的薄膜电容。在逆变器调制过程中,采用与实施例一相同的调制方法。
本文中所描述的具体实施例仅仅是对本发明精神作举例说明。本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代,但并不会偏离本发明的精神或者超越所附权利要求书所定义的范围。
Claims (20)
- 一种应用于单级式高频隔离DC/AC逆变器的调制方法,其特征在于,基于基波近似法确定原边侧桥式逆变电路的内移相角、原边侧桥臂与副边侧桥臂间的外移相角以及原边侧开关管和副边侧开关管的开关频率;基于上述所确定的内移相角、外移相角和开关频率,由数字处理器输出用于驱动开关管的驱动信号以对逆变器进行功率调制。
- 根据权利要求1所述的应用于单级式高频隔离DC/AC逆变器的调制方法,其特征在于,定义原边侧靠近变压器的桥臂为超前桥臂,定义原边侧靠近直流电源的桥臂为滞后桥臂;内移相角为直流侧超前桥臂驱动超前滞后桥臂驱动的相角,外移相角为交流侧电压超前直流侧电压的相角;基于基波分析法对逆变器主电路拓扑进行等效分析,对原边侧的直流电源电压表达式以及副边侧的交流电源电压表达式分别进行傅里叶分解,后分别得到原边侧的直流电源电压以及副边侧的交流电源电压的基波分量表达式。
- 根据权利要求2所述的应用于单级式高频隔离DC/AC逆变器的调制方法,其特征在于,将谐振电流对应相量按相位分为有功电流相量和无功电流相量,基于直流侧的电压相量和交流侧的电压相量,分别得有功电流相量模长和无功电流相量模长的表达式。
- 根据权利要求3所述的应用于单级式高频隔离DC/AC逆变器的调制方法,其特征在于,将副边侧的交流电源电压的基波分量表达式与有功电流相量模长表达式联立,得基于内移相角和外移相角作为变量的有功电流相量模长表达式。
- 根据权利要求4所述的应用于单级式高频隔离DC/AC逆变器的调制方法,其特征在于,保证谐振电流相位与交流侧电压同相位并增大交流侧开关管的死区时间;保证无功电流相量模长为0。
- 根据权利要求5所述的应用于单级式高频隔离DC/AC逆变器的调制方法,其特征在于,保证在超前桥臂上连接直流电源正极的开关管S1开通前,谐振电流的方向为正,且在死区时间内对其输出电容Coss的充分充放电;定义基于内移相角和外移相角为变量的移相角的表达式,基于变压器的匝数比、有功电流模长和移相角,得开关管S1需要的开通电流值的表达式。
- 根据权利要求6所述的应用于单级式高频隔离DC/AC逆变器的调制方法,其特征在于,基于直流侧开关管的输出结电容的等效值,直流侧开关管设定的死区时间以及直流侧直流电源电压得开关管S1的开通电流参考值。
- 根据权利要求7所述的应用于单级式高频隔离DC/AC逆变器的调制方法,其特征在于,依据如下条件:基于内移相角和外移相角作为变量的有功电流相量模长表达式;无功电流相量模长为0;基于内移相角和外移相角为变量的移相角的表达式;开关管S1的开通电流参考值;基于变压器的匝数比、有功电流模长和移相角的开关管S1开通电流值的表达式;将条件(1)-(5)联立可分别得内移相角和外移相角的表达式,并分别求得内移相角和外移相角的数值。
- 根据权利要求8所述的应用于单级式高频隔离DC/AC逆变器的调制方法,其特征在于,基于内移相角的表达式、外移相角的表达式以及基于内移相角和外移相角作为变量的有功电流相量模长表达式,得谐振腔阻抗的表达式,并基于谐振电感、谐振电容以及该谐振腔阻抗的表达式得原边侧开关管开关频率的表达式。
- 根据权利要求9所述的应用于单级式高频隔离DC/AC逆变器的调制方法,其特征在于,原边侧的直流电源电压的基波分量表达式为:副边侧的交流电源电压的基波分量表达式为:有功电流相量模长的表达式为:无功电流相量模长的表达式为:得基于内移相角和外移相角作为变量的有功电流相量模长表达式为:
基于内移相角和外移相角为变量的移相角的表达式,基于变压器的匝数比、有功电流模长和移相角,得开关管S1需要的开通电流值的表达式为:Idc_switch=n·Irp sin(α);内移相角的表达式为:外移相角的表达式为:谐振腔阻抗的表达式为:原边侧开关管开关频率的表达式为:式中:n为高频变压器变比,交流侧电源电压瞬时值vac,直流侧电源电压Vdc,开关角频率ωs=2πfs(fs为开关频率),直流侧超前桥臂驱动超前滞后桥臂驱动的内移相角θ,交流侧电压超前直流侧电压的外移相角定义vab1,N(ωst)的相量模长为Vp,nvcd1,N(ωst)的相量模长为Vs,Zr为谐振腔阻抗;定义移相角α,其被内移相角θ和外移相角所表示:iac为交流侧电源电流值;Lr表示为串联谐振腔的谐振电感值,Cr表示为串联谐振腔中的谐振电容值。 - 根据权利要求6-10任一项所述的应用于单级式高频隔离DC/AC逆变器的调制方法,其特征在于,基于不同工作模态下谐振电感电流和谐振电容电压的微分方程求解原边侧开关管开关时刻的精确电流值;根据所述原边侧开关管开通电流值和所述精确电流值确定开通电流的误差值;根据所述误差值基于PI调节得到新的原边侧开关管开关频率,并根据所述新的原边侧开关管开关频率结合谐振腔阻抗的表达式、内移相角的表达式和外移相角的表达式得新的内移相角和外移相角;基于上述所确定的新的内移相角、外移相角和开关频率,由数字处理器输出用于驱动开关管的驱动信号以对逆变器进行功率调制。
- 根据权利要求11所述的应用于单级式高频隔离DC/AC逆变器的调制方法,其特征在于,基于不同工作模态下谐振电感电流和谐振电容电压的微分方程,所述精确电流值的表达式为:
其中,Z为谐振腔的特征阻抗,F为开关角频率和谐振角频率的比值,交直流电压增益比M=vac/nVdc。 - 一种单级式高频隔离DC/AC逆变器,其特征在于,采用权利要求1-12任一项所述的调制方法,包括依次连接的原边侧桥式逆变电路、高频变压器、串联谐振腔以及副边侧交流电路,所述原边侧桥式逆变电路包括四个开关管以形成H桥,所述串联谐振腔内包含一谐振电感和一谐振电容,所述副边侧交流电路包含至少两组开关管组以组成第一桥电路,所述第一桥电路包含两个桥臂,所述桥臂中点均与所述串联谐振腔电连接。
- 根据权利要求13所述一种单级式高频隔离DC/AC逆变器,其特征在于,在所述第一桥电路的两个桥臂中,两组开关管组形成第一桥臂,并且以两组开关管组或两个电容形成第二桥臂;第一桥臂中点与第二桥臂中点均连接于所述串联谐振腔。
- 根据权利要求14所述的一种单级式高频隔离DC/AC逆变器,其特征在于,在第一桥电路的开关管组中,每个开关管组被配置为一个开关管时,所述副边交流电路还包括第二桥电路,所述第二桥电路并联于所述第一桥电路,并被配置为输出交流电。
- 根据权利要求15所述的一种单级式高频隔离DC/AC逆变器,其特征在于,所述第二桥电路包括四组开关管组,每个开关管组只包括一个开关管。
- 一种单级式高频隔离DC/AC逆变器,其特征在于,其包括依次连接的原边侧桥式逆变电路、高频变压器、串联谐振腔以及副边侧交流电路,所述原边侧桥式逆变电路包括四个开关管以形成H桥,所述串联谐振腔内包含一谐振电感和一谐振电容,所述副边侧交流电路包含至少两组开关管组以组成第一桥电路,所述第一桥电路包含两个桥臂,所述桥臂中点均与所述串联谐振腔电连接;所述逆变器受控制电路调制,所述控制电路中设置有逆变器调制方法,所述方法包括步骤:基于基波近似算法确定原边侧桥臂间的内移相角、原边侧桥臂与副边侧桥臂间的外移相角以及原边侧开关管和副边侧开关管的开关频率,以对逆变器的控制量进行调制,所述控制量包括功率传输特性和软开关特性;所述功率传输特性决定副边侧交流电电流的波形质量,所述软开关特定决定开关管截止或导通时所产生的功率损耗。
- 根据权利要求17所述的一种单级式高频隔离DC/AC逆变器,其特征在于,所述功率传输特性由所述串联谐振腔内每个开关周期传递至交流侧输出端的谐振电流平均值确定;所述软开关特性包括副边侧开关管在其开通前的死区时间内的电流方向与其体二极管的方向相同,以及在桥臂开关管切换的死区时间内完成对原边侧开关管漏源极两侧输出结电容的充放电;
- 根据权利要求18所述的一种单级式高频隔离DC/AC逆变器,其特征在于,根据谐振电流对应相量按相位分为有功电流相量和无功电流相量,以有功电流相量的模长控制逆变器功率传输特性;以无功电流相量的模长控制副边侧开关管在其开通前的死区时间内的电流方向与其体二极管的方向相同;完成对原边侧开关管漏源极两侧输出结电容的充放电由所述谐振电流、高频变压器变比以及移相角控制,所述移相角由内移相角和外移相角确定。
- 根据权利要求17所述的一种单级式高频隔离DC/AC逆变器,其特征在于,所述方法还包括步骤:通过计算原边侧开关管开关时刻的精确电流值,以根据所述精确电流值对所述控制量进行补偿。
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