Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K35/00—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K35/02—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit with moving magnets and stationary coil systems

Definitions

• This disclosure relates to a vibration power generation module and a vibration power generation device.
• energy harvesting technology which uses human activity (such as walking) or machine vibrations as energy available in the environment to generate electricity.
• Patent Document 1 discloses a power generating element in which a magnetic field caused by the reciprocating motion of a magnet attached to a spring is changed, causing magnetization reversal in a magnetic wire due to the large Barkhausen effect. As a result of this magnetization reversal, a pulse voltage is generated in a pickup coil wound around the magnetic wire, which charges a capacitor.
• Patent Document 1 only guides a portion of the magnetic field lines generated by the magnet into the magnetic core, which poses the problem of poor efficiency in guiding the magnetic field lines generated by the magnet into the magnetic core.
• the purpose of this disclosure is to provide a vibration power generation module and vibration power generation device that can increase the amount of power generated by improving the induction efficiency of magnetic field lines generated by a magnet into a magnetic core.
• the vibration power generation module disclosed herein comprises a magnet unit equipped with a permanent magnet and attached to a vibrating body via a spring, and a power generation element in which a voltage is generated in a coil wound around a magnetic core in response to changes in the magnetic field based on the relative displacement of the position of the resonating magnet unit, and is characterized in that the spring constant of the spring and the weight of the magnet unit are determined so that both the spring and the magnet unit resonate when the vibrating body vibrates.
• the vibration-powered energy generator disclosed herein is characterized by comprising a rectifier that rectifies the voltage output by the power generation element of the power generation module described in any one of claims 1 to 9, and a storage unit that stores the voltage rectified by the rectifier.
• This disclosure makes it possible to provide a vibration power generation module and vibration power generation device that can increase the amount of power generated by improving the induction efficiency of magnetic field lines generated by a magnet into a magnetic core.
• FIG. 1A is a perspective view showing the configuration of a power generation element used in a vibration power generation module and a vibration power generation device according to first and second embodiments
• FIG. 1B is a side view thereof
• 2A is a perspective view schematically illustrating the configuration of a power generating element different from the power generating element shown in FIG. 1
• FIG. 2B is a side view thereof
• 3A is an explanatory diagram of the flow of magnetic field lines in a power generating element
• FIG. 3B is an explanatory diagram of the flow of magnetic field lines when the magnetization direction of the magnet portion is opposite to that of FIG. 3A.
• 1 is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of a vibration-powered energy generator according to a first embodiment.
• FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of a vibration-powered energy generator according to a first embodiment.
• FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a magnetic flux density waveform in the magnet thickness direction. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the positional relationship between the displacement direction of the first magnet and the second magnet and the magnetic flux collector of the power generating element.
• FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram showing an example of a voltage waveform generated by electromagnetic induction in a coil wound around an iron core that does not have the Large Barkhausen effect, and a voltage waveform due to only the Large Barkhausen effect
• FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram showing an example of a voltage waveform generated in a coil due to electromagnetic induction and the Large Barkhausen effect in accordance with the present embodiment
• 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a vibration-powered energy generator according to a first embodiment.
• FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram showing an example of a voltage waveform generated by electromagnetic induction in a coil wound around an iron core that does not have the Large Barkhausen effect, and a voltage waveform due to only the Large Barkhausen effect
• FIG. 1B is
• FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of a vibration power generation module according to a second embodiment.
• FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of a vibration power generation module according to a modified example of the second embodiment.
• FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a power generation module according to a third embodiment.
• FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a modified example of the power generation module according to the third embodiment.
• FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a power generation module according to a fourth embodiment.
• FIG. 1(b) is a perspective view showing the configuration of a power generating element 10 used in the vibration power generating module and vibration power generating device according to embodiments 1 and 2, and FIG. 1(b) is a side view thereof.
• the power generating element 10 according to this embodiment has one or more composite magnetic wires that form a magnetic core 11 that generates the large Barkhausen effect.
• the power generating element 10 preferably has a magnetic collector (soft magnetic material) 13 that surrounds the outer periphery of the magnetic core 11.
• the magnetic collectors 13 are arranged at both ends of the magnetic core 11 as a first magnetic collector 13A and a second magnetic collector 13B, respectively, and the coil 12 is wound around the magnetic core 11.
• the soft magnetic material used for the magnetic collector 13 is preferably steel such as SS400 or S45C, magnetic stainless steel such as SUS430 or SUS440, or a high-permeability material such as permalloy or permendur, but any material with a magnetic permeability greater than that of air (a material with a relative magnetic permeability greater than 1) will suffice.
• the magnetic core 11 has a magnetostrictive effect, expanding and contracting due to magnetostriction in response to changes in the applied magnetic field.
• FIG. 2(a) is a perspective view showing the schematic configuration of a power generating element 70 that is different from the power generating element 10 shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2(b) is a side view thereof.
• the power generating element 70 shown in FIG. 2 has a bobbin shape.
• the power generating element 70 is also called a magnetic bobbin.
• the coil 12 is wound around a cylindrical magnetic member 131, which is the narrowed portion of the magnetic bobbin.
• the power generating element 70 can also be made only from a soft magnetic material such as iron, as shown in FIG. 2; however, power generation efficiency is improved by including a magnetic core 11 that generates the large Barkhausen effect, as shown in FIG. 1.
• FIG. 3 is a diagram explaining the flow of magnetic field lines in the power generating element 10, showing the power generating element 10 and the magnet section 24 from a side view.
• FIG. 3(a) is an explanatory diagram of the flow of magnetic field lines in the power generating element.
• FIG. 3(b) is an explanatory diagram of the flow of magnetic field lines when the magnetization direction of the magnet section is opposite to that of FIG. 3(a).
• FIG. 3 is a diagram explaining the flow of magnetic field lines in the power generating element 10, showing the power generating element 10 and the magnet section 24 from a side view.
• FIG. 3(a) is an explanatory diagram of the flow of magnetic field lines in the power generating element.
• FIG. 3(b) is an explanatory diagram of the flow of magnetic field lines when the magnetization direction of the magnet section is opposite to that of FIG. 3(a).
• magnetic field lines 84 emerging from the magnetized surface 80 (north pole) of the magnet section 24 in accordance with the magnetization direction 82 enter the first magnetic collector 13A, pass through the magnetic core 11, and emerge into the air from the second magnetic collector 13B.
• the magnetic field lines 84 passing through the first magnetic collector 13A and the second magnetic collector 13B both point in the +Y direction. Note that some of the magnetic field lines 84 enter the magnetic core 11 directly.
• the magnetized surfaces 80, 90 of the magnet section 24 and the magnetic field collector 13 of the power generating element 10 face each other, and the magnetic field collector surfaces 13A, 13B are perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the power generating element 10 (the direction of the magnetic field lines 84, 94 that contribute to power generation in the coil).
• This causes the magnetic field lines 84, 94 emerging from the magnetized surfaces 80, 90 of the magnet section 24 to enter the magnetic field collector 13 straight, travel almost straight through the magnetic core 11 inside the power generating element 10, and exit the magnetic field collector 13 on the opposite side. This results in very little loss of the magnetic field lines 84, 94 emerging from the magnet section 24, enabling the most efficient electromagnetic induction power generation.
• First Embodiment Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of a vibration power generation module 60 according to the first embodiment.
• the vibration power generation module 60 shown in Fig. 4 includes a magnet section 24 attached via a spring 21 to a vibrating body 32, such as a machine, serving as a base, and a power generation element 10 attached to the vibrating body 32 via a base 15.
• the magnet section 24 is composed of a first magnet 25, a second magnet 26, and a weight 27.
• the weight 27 is installed on the opposite side of the power generation element 10 with respect to the central axis of vibration of the spring 21.
• the power generation element 10 is composed of a magnetic core 11, a magnetic collector 13, and a coil 12.
• the spring 21 may be a coil spring or any other spring in general, such as a leaf spring, and also includes any mechanism capable of amplifying vibration through resonance, similar to a spring.
• the spring constant of spring 21 and the weight of magnet portion 24 are designed to resonate with spring 21 at the vibration frequency of vibrating body 32, and spring 21 amplifies the minute vibrations of vibrating body 32.
• the amount of displacement caused by amplification in magnet portion 24 becomes greater than the amount of displacement caused in power generating element 10, causing a relative displacement between magnet portion 24 and power generating element 10, and this relative displacement generates a voltage in coil 12 of power generating element 10.
• magnet portion 24 can vibrate in an oscillating motion rather than simple harmonic motion. This oscillating motion can amplify the amount of positional displacement of each of first magnet 25 and second magnet 26 that make up magnet portion 24 relative to power generating element 10 more than in the case of simple harmonic motion.
• the magnet section 24 is provided with a first magnet 25 and a second magnet 26, which are permanent magnets, facing each of the magnetic collectors 13 provided at both ends of the power generating element 10.
• the first magnet 25 and the second magnet 26 have approximately equal magnetic forces, as indicated by magnetic moments 25M and 26M, and the magnetized surfaces of the first magnet 25 and the second magnet 26 that do not face the magnetic collector 13 are attached via a magnetic yoke 29 so that their polarities (directions of magnetization) are opposite to each other relative to the power generating element 10.
• the first magnet 25 and the second magnet 26 are magnetized so that their magnetic poles are opposite to each other and the magnetic lines of force generated from each of the first magnet 25 and the second magnet 26 pass through the power generating element 10 along the magnetic core 11.
• the magnetized surfaces of the first magnet 25 and the second magnet 26 that do not face the power generating element 10 are fixed to a magnetic yoke 29 so that the magnetized surfaces of the first magnet 25 and the second magnet 26 are aligned in the direction of relative displacement.
• the magnetic yoke 29 is made of a soft magnetic material such as iron.
• the magnetic yoke 29 to which the first magnet 25 and the second magnet 26 are fixed is magnetized by the magnetic force of the first magnet 25 and the second magnet 26, thereby increasing the magnetic force acting on the power generating element 10.
• the magnetic yoke 29 may be integrated with the weight 27.
• Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the positional relationship between the displacement direction 50 of the first magnet 25 and the second magnet 26 and the magnetic collector 13 of the power generating element 10.
• the displacement direction 50 shown in Figure 6 is the amount of change in the relative position of the resonating magnet section 24 with respect to the power generating element 10.
• the magnetized surfaces of the first magnet 25 and the second magnet 26 face the magnetic collector 13 with a gap 31 between them.
• Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the magnetic flux density waveform of the magnet section 24 when the gap 31 is 0.5 mm, 1 mm, and 2 mm.
• the magnetic flux density is at its maximum when the gap 31 is 0.5 mm.
• the minimum gap 31 that can actually be assembled is approximately 1 mm.
• the magnet section 24 performs an oscillating motion, so the gap 31 is set so that the oscillating magnet section 24 does not interfere with the magnetic flux collector 13 of the power generating element 10.
• Figure 5 shows that the magnetic flux density waveform in the magnet thickness direction, i.e., in the direction of magnetic moment 25M or magnetic moment 26M, has two peaks on the positive side of the magnetic flux density.
• the peak spacing is approximately 6 mm, so the most efficient width of the magnetic collector 13 is 6 mm.
• the width of the magnetic collector 13 in the power generating element 10 in the direction of relative displacement (vertical direction in Figure 4) between its position and the magnet section 24 is approximately 60% of the width of the magnetized surfaces of the first magnet 25 and second magnet 26 of the magnet section 24 facing the magnetic collector 13 in that direction of relative displacement, with an upper limit of 80%.
• the magnet section 24 requires at least two magnets, the first magnet 25 and the second magnet 26, and the narrower the installation distance between the first magnet 25 and the second magnet 26, the smaller the amount of magnet displacement required to generate power. If the width of the magnetic collector 13 in the direction of relative displacement is wide, the gap 28 between the first magnet 25 and the second magnet 26 must be wide. Therefore, exceeding the most efficient width (6 mm) described above is disadvantageous in terms of magnet spacing. Therefore, from the perspective of the balance between magnetic force and magnet spacing, the width of the magnetic collector is preferably 60% of the width of the magnet, with an upper limit of 80%.
• the gap 28 between the first magnet 25 and the second magnet 26 is made of a non-magnetic material, and it is desirable that the width of the gap 28 in the direction of relative displacement be equal to or greater than the width of the magnetic collector 13 in the direction of relative displacement.
• the gap 28 may be an air gap, or may be filled with a non-magnetic material such as copper, aluminum, or synthetic resin.
• the magnetic collector 13 will collect both the upward magnetic field lines 52 of the first magnet 25 and the downward magnetic field lines 52 of the second magnet 26, and the upward magnetic field lines 52 and downward magnetic field lines 52 will cancel each other out within the magnetic core 11, resulting in a slower change in magnetic flux within the magnetic core 11.
• the risk of the magnetic collector 13 straddling the first magnet 25 and the second magnet 26 is reduced, and the internal magnetic flux change in the magnetic core 11 can be increased.
• the magnet section 24, including the first magnet 25 and second magnet 26 connected to the magnetic yoke 29 and the weight 27, is covered by a housing 30 made of a non-magnetic material such as copper, aluminum, or synthetic resin.
• a housing 30 made of a non-magnetic material such as copper, aluminum, or synthetic resin.
• One end of the spring 21, the other end of which is fixed to the vibrating body 32, is fixed to the bottom of the housing 30.
• the magnetic collectors 13 at both ends of the power generating element 10 face either end of the first magnet 25 or the second magnet 26. Therefore, when the spring 21 is not vibrating, the power generating element 10 and the first magnet 25 or the second magnet 26 are arranged in series, such as the first magnet 25-power generating element 10 or the second magnet 26-power generating element 10, so that magnetic field lines 52 generated from one end of the first magnet 25 or the second magnet 26 reach the other end of the first magnet 25 or the second magnet 26 via the magnetic core 11 of the power generating element 10. As a result of the magnetic field lines 52 generated from the first magnet 25 or the second magnet 26 being efficiently induced into the magnetic core 11, a voltage due to electromagnetic induction is generated in the coil 12 in addition to a pulse voltage due to the large Barkhausen effect.
• the magnet facing the magnetic collector 13 of the power generating element 10 is switched, for example, from the first magnet 25 to the second magnet 26, causing the magnetic field applied to the magnetic core 11 of the power generating element 10 to reverse.
• This magnetic field reversal causes the large Barkhausen effect, in which the magnetization direction inside the magnetic core 11 reverses, and electromagnetic induction occurs in the coil 12, generating a pulse voltage with a waveform like that shown in Figure 7(b) in the coil 12 wound around the power generating element 10.
• the magnetic field collector 13 of the power generating element 10 faces the magnetized surface of each of the first magnet 25 and the second magnet 26, so that most of the magnetic field lines 52 generated from the first magnet 25 or the second magnet 26 propagate to the magnetic core 11 via the magnetic field collector 13 facing the magnetized surface.
• the magnetic field lines 52 can be efficiently guided to the magnetic core 11 via the magnetic field collector 13.
• the magnetic field lines 52 generated from the first magnet 25 or the second magnet 26 then propagate along the magnetic core 11, penetrating the power generating element 10.
• the magnet facing the magnetic field collector 13 of the power generating element 10 switches, for example, from the first magnet 25 to the second magnet 26, and the direction of the magnetic field lines 52 acting on the magnetic field collector 13 reverses.
• a voltage is generated in the coil 12 due to the large Barkhausen effect and electromagnetic induction.
• Figure 7(a) is a schematic diagram showing an example of a voltage waveform 140 generated by electromagnetic induction in a coil wound around an iron core that does not have the Large Barkhausen effect, and a voltage waveform 141 due to only the Large Barkhausen effect.
• the voltage waveform 140 generated in the coil 12 wound around an iron core that does not have the Large Barkhausen effect has a wide pulse width and a large amount of generated charge, but the peak voltage is low at around 5V.
• the voltage waveform 141 due to only the Large Barkhausen effect has a high peak voltage of 15 to 20V, but the pulse width is narrow at around 80 ⁇ S or less and the amount of charge is small.
• Figure 7(b) is a schematic diagram showing an example of a voltage waveform 142 generated in the coil 12 due to electromagnetic induction and the large Barkhausen effect in embodiment 1.
• a high voltage of approximately 20 to 25 V can be obtained by superimposing a voltage waveform with a large amount of charge due to electromagnetic induction and a voltage waveform with a significant peak voltage due to the large Barkhausen effect.
• Efficient charging of a capacitor requires both a potential difference and an electric charge, and the power generation device in embodiment 1 is suitable for charging a capacitor.
• FIG 8 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a vibration-powered energy harvester 100 according to embodiment 1.
• the vibration-powered energy harvesting module 60 includes a power generating element 10 and a magnet section 24, and generates a voltage in the coil 12 due to the displacement of the magnet section 24 relative to the power generating element 10.
• the voltage generated in the coil 12 exhibits positive and negative pulses as shown in Figure 7(b), and is therefore full-wave rectified by the rectifier section 62.
• the rectifier section 62 may perform half-wave rectification instead of full-wave rectification.
• the voltage full-wave rectified by the rectifier 62 is stored in the storage unit 64.
• the storage unit 64 is a rechargeable secondary battery, a capacitor, or the like.
• the waveform of the voltage output by the power generating element 10 exhibits a pulsed shape with a pronounced peak due to the Barkhausen effect. Therefore, if there is a risk that the voltage will exceed the allowable voltage for storage in secondary batteries such as lithium-ion batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, or nickel-cadmium batteries, a capacitor is used for the storage unit 64.
• the power stored in the power storage unit 64 can be used, for example, to power sensors that detect the surrounding environment.
• the power can be used to power sensors that detect the temperature, humidity, acceleration, current, magnetic field, CO2 concentration, or concentrations of various gases of the machine tool.
• the vibration-powered energy generator 100 is installed in a general environment such as a house, the power can be used to power sensors that detect the temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation, magnetic field, CO2 concentration, pH of water or soil, water level, soil moisture content, land inclination, acceleration (shock) due to earthquakes, or solar radiation (on cloudy days) in the house where the vibration-powered energy generator 100 is installed.
• the vibration power generation module 60 and vibration power generation device 100 in addition to magnetization reversal in the magnetic core 11 due to the large Barkhausen effect, the magnetic core 11 is actively utilized as an electromagnetic induction core, and the magnetic field lines 52 generated from the magnet section 24 are guided to the magnetic core 11 via the magnetic collector 13. As a result, the amount of power generated can be increased by maximizing the electromagnetic induction component in addition to the large Barkhausen effect.
• the spring 21 amplifies the minute vibrations of vibrating body 32, thereby increasing the amount of displacement of the magnet. Furthermore, by using weight 27 attached to magnet portion 24 to shift the center of gravity of magnet portion 24 from the central axis of vibration, a swinging motion of magnet portion 24 is added to the up-and-down vibration, amplifying the amount of displacement of the magnet.
• Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the vibration power generation module 72 according to embodiment 2.
• the vibration power generation module 72 shown in Fig. 9 differs from embodiment 1 in that the magnet section 40 attached via the spring 21 to the vibrating body 32, such as a machine, serving as a base, does not have a weight 27, and a holding mechanism 34 is provided on the vibrating body 32 side of the spring 21 to hold the spring 21 at an arbitrary position with respect to its entire length.
• the same components as those in embodiment 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals as in embodiment 1, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
• the magnet section 40 is substantially the same as the magnet section 24 of embodiment 1, except that it does not have a weight 27.
• the gap 42 provided between the first magnet 25 and the second magnet 26 is made of a non-magnetic material, and it is desirable that the width of the gap 42 in the direction of relative displacement be equal to or greater than the width of the magnetic collector 13 in the direction of relative displacement.
• the gap 42 may be an air gap, or may be filled with a non-magnetic material such as copper, aluminum, or synthetic resin.
• the magnetic collector 13 will collect both the upward magnetic field lines 52 of the first magnet 25 and the downward magnetic field lines 52 of the second magnet 26.
• the upward magnetic field lines 52 and the downward magnetic field lines 52 cancel each other out within the magnetic core 11, resulting in a slower change in magnetic flux within the magnetic core 11.
• Figure 6 by providing a gap 42 between the first magnet 25 and the second magnet 26 that is approximately the same as or greater than the width of the magnetic collector 13, the risk of the magnetic collector 13 straddling the first magnet 25 and the second magnet 26 is reduced, and the internal magnetic flux change in the magnetic core 11 can be increased.
• the magnet section 24 has a first magnet 25 and a second magnet 26 connected to a magnetic yoke 41, which are covered by a housing 43 made of a non-magnetic material such as copper, aluminum, or synthetic resin.
• a housing 43 made of a non-magnetic material such as copper, aluminum, or synthetic resin.
• One end of the spring 21, the other end of which is fixed to the vibrating body 32, is fixed to the bottom of the housing 43.
• the holding mechanism 34 is available in different lengths in the direction of arrow 33, and by using holding mechanisms 34 with different lengths in the direction of arrow 33, the length of the vibrating part of the spring 21 (hereinafter referred to as the "spring length") can be changed. Since the vibration frequency of the vibrating body 32, which is a machine, varies from device to device even if it is the same model, adjusting the spring length with the holding mechanism 34 adjusts the spring constant to the resonant frequency of each vibrating body 32, making it possible to generate power efficiently. Furthermore, the power obtained by the vibration power generation module 72 of embodiment 2 can be supplied to the vibration power generation device 100 shown in Figure 8.
• the magnet unit 40 does not have a weight 27, but this is not limited to this.
• the magnet unit 40 in embodiment 2 may also have a weight 27, as in embodiment 1.
• Fig. 10 is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the vibration power generation module 74 according to a modification of embodiment 2.
• the vibration power generation module 74 shown in Fig. 10 differs from embodiment 2 in that the holding mechanism 35 provided on the vibrating body 32 side of the spring 21 has a cylindrical shape, and a bolt 36 can be locked into one of a plurality of screw holes provided in the vertical direction on the side surface of the cylindrical shape.
• the same components as those in embodiment 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals as in embodiment 2, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
• the spring length was changed by replacing the holding mechanism 34 with one that had a different length in the direction of arrow 33.
• the spring constant of the spring 21 can be easily and quickly adjusted to the resonant frequency of each vibrating body 32 by changing the position of the bolt 36 that engages the holding mechanism 35.
• the power obtained by the vibration power generation module 74 in the modified version of the second embodiment can be supplied to the vibration power generation device 100 shown in Figure 8.
• the power generating element 10 is provided with a magnetic collector 13 that efficiently guides the magnetic field lines 52 generated from the magnet portion 24, but this is not limited to this.
• the power generating element 10 may be configured with only a magnetic core 11 and a coil 12, without the magnetic collector 13.
• the magnetized surface of the magnet portion 24 and the magnetic collector 13 may not face each other.
• the power generating element 10 may be configured without the magnetic core 11, with the bobbin-shaped member being made of only a soft magnetic material such as iron.
• Embodiment 3 can be configured in two ways, as shown in Figures 11 and 12, depending on the magnetization directions 430, 432 of magnet 410.
• Figure 11 shows a case where magnetization direction 430 of magnet 410 is the longitudinal direction
• Figure 12 shows a case where magnetization direction 432 of magnet 410 is the thickness direction of magnet 410.
• the configuration in Figure 11 shows an example of a configuration in which the magnetized surface 410A of the magnet 410 and the magnetized surface 110A of the power generating element 110 do not face each other.
• the magnetized surfaces 110A and 110B are perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the magnetic core 111 (the direction in which the magnetic field lines flow), and the magnetic field lines that are incident on the magnetized surface 110A are guided straight into the magnetic core 111.
• the magnetization direction of the magnet 410 is the longitudinal direction (left to right in the figure), and the left side of the magnet 410 becomes the magnetized surface 410A with a north pole.
• the magnetic field lines 420 that emerge from the magnetized surface 410A go around the magnet 410 and enter the south pole of the magnetized surface 410B.
• power generating element 110 is located above magnet 410, and the magnetic field lines circling magnet 410 are concentrated by magnetism collecting surface 110A and travel a path through magnetic core 111 from magnetism collecting surface 110B to magnetized surface 410B of magnet 410.
• only a portion of the magnetic field lines emanating from magnetized surface 410A are collected by magnetism collecting body 112 and guided to power generating element 110, resulting in lower electromagnetic induction efficiency compared to embodiment 1.
• ⁇ Modification of the Third Embodiment>> 12 shows a modified example of the third embodiment in which the magnetization surface of the magnet 410 faces the magnetization surface 110A of the power generating element 110 by making the magnetization surface 110A of the magnetization collector 112 a side surface of the magnetization collector 112.
• the magnetization direction of the magnet 410 is the thickness direction (the vertical direction in the figure), with the upper left surface of the magnet 410 being the magnetized surface 410A with the north pole and the upper right surface of the magnet 410 being the magnetized surface 410B with the south pole.
• Magnetic field lines 422 emitted from the magnetization surface 410A are concentrated by the magnetization surface 110A on the side surface of the magnetization collector 112, and travel a path through the magnetic core 111 from the magnetization surface 110B to the magnetization surface 410B of the magnet 410.
• Problem (1) Because the longitudinal directions of magnetic field collecting surface 110A and magnetic core 111 (the direction of the magnetic field lines that contribute to power generation in the coil) are parallel, the magnetic field lines that enter from magnetic field collecting surface 110A need to be bent at approximately 90 degrees when guided into magnetic core 111. As a result, some of the magnetic field lines are unable to bend completely within magnetic field collecting body 112, and instead travel straight and leak out into the air (shown by the dashed lines in the figure), which reduces the efficiency of electromagnetic induction.
• the magnetic field lines emerging from the magnetized surface 410A of the magnet 410 enter the magnetic field collecting surface 110A in a straight line, then travel straight through the power generating element 110 and emerge from the magnetic field collecting surface 110B on the opposite side. This results in very little loss of the magnetic field lines emerging from the magnet 410, making this a desirable configuration that enables the most efficient electromagnetic induction power generation.
• Fig. 13 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a power generation module according to the fourth embodiment.
• a power generation element 110 uses a composite magnetic wire that generates a large Barkhausen effect as a magnetic core 111 around which a coil 120 is wound, but differs from the power generation element 10 shown in Fig. 1 in that no magnetic collector 112 is used.
• 10 power generation element 11 magnetic core, 12 coil, 13 magnetic collector, 15 base, 21 spring, 24 magnet section, 25 first magnet, 25M magnetic moment, 26 second magnet, 26M magnetic moment, 27 weight, 28 gap, 29 magnetic yoke, 30 housing, 31 gap, 32 vibrating body, 34, 35 holding mechanism, 42 gap, 43 housing, 50 displacement direction, 60 vibration power generation module, 62 rectification section, 64 power storage section, 70 power generation element, 72, 74 vibration power generation module, 100 vibration power generation device.

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