WO2024251038A1 - 一种电池 - Google Patents

一种电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024251038A1
WO2024251038A1 PCT/CN2024/096647 CN2024096647W WO2024251038A1 WO 2024251038 A1 WO2024251038 A1 WO 2024251038A1 CN 2024096647 W CN2024096647 W CN 2024096647W WO 2024251038 A1 WO2024251038 A1 WO 2024251038A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
nylon layer
nylon
sublayer
packaging bag
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2024/096647
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄智奇
李锐
李琳
郭培培
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
Original Assignee
Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd filed Critical Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
Priority to EP24818570.4A priority Critical patent/EP4726872A1/en
Publication of WO2024251038A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024251038A1/zh
Priority to US19/409,421 priority patent/US20260088381A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H01M50/126—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/488—Cells or batteries combined with indicating means for external visualization of the condition, e.g. by change of colour or of light density
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/105—Pouches or flexible bags
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/117—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/119—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/121—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H01M50/1245—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure characterised by the external coating on the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H01M50/126—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
    • H01M50/129—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers with two or more layers of only organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/131—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by physical properties, e.g. gas permeability, size or heat resistance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/131—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by physical properties, e.g. gas permeability, size or heat resistance
    • H01M50/133—Thickness
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of electrochemical technology, and in particular to a battery.
  • Soft-pack batteries are gradually being used in smart phones, new energy vehicles and other fields due to their good safety performance, light weight, large capacity under the same specifications, many cycles and flexible design.
  • the packaging bag of soft-pack batteries usually includes a metal foil layer and a nylon layer arranged on the outer surface of the metal foil layer.
  • the traditional method is to arrange a layer of black ink on the surface of the nylon layer, and the black ink is bonded between the aluminum foil layer and the nylon layer by glue. Due to the presence of fillers such as ink, the interfacial bonding force between the nylon layer and the aluminum foil layer is weakened, so that the mechanical strength and punching performance of the aluminum-plastic film are reduced; in addition, fillers such as ink are difficult to diffuse throughout the glue, and its color is uneven, which is not effective in dealing with light pollution.
  • the present application provides a battery, including an electrode assembly and a packaging bag for accommodating the electrode assembly, wherein the packaging bag has a nylon layer, the nylon layer has a coloring material, and the average value of the color difference L value of the nylon layer is satisfy The standard deviation of the color difference L value of the nylon layer is ⁇ , which satisfies ⁇ 0.2.
  • the nylon layer itself includes a coloring material.
  • the color difference of the nylon layer can be changed by controlling the content of the coloring material and the thickness of the second outermost sublayer of the nylon layer; and the average value of the color difference L value of the nylon layer is satisfy Color difference L value of nylon layer
  • the standard deviation value ⁇ satisfies ⁇ 0.2 to achieve uniform color difference; at the same time, when preparing packaging bags, since the nylon layer itself has color, the nylon layer can be directly bonded to the metal layer, eliminating seasonings such as black ink, which can improve the bonding force between the nylon layer and the metal layer, thereby improving the mechanical strength and punching performance of the packaging bag.
  • ⁇ 0.1 Within this range, the uniformity of color difference of the nylon layer can be further improved.
  • the nylon layer includes a first sublayer and two second sublayers, and the first sublayer is located between the two second sublayers.
  • the second sublayer without coloring material has good polarity and is easier to combine with the matte layer or the metal layer.
  • the first sublayer has low temperature resistance and polarity requirements, and can use low-cost nylon, which is convenient for cost saving.
  • the nylon layer 16 has great toughness and is disposed on the outermost layer of the packaging bag 10. It can not only protect the metal layer 15, but also isolate the external moisture.
  • the nylon layer 16 includes a coloring material.
  • the nylon material and the coloring material are mixed to form the nylon layer 16.
  • the coloring material is in the nylon layer 16 and is used to change the color of the nylon layer 16.
  • the average value of the color difference L value of the nylon layer 16 is satisfy
  • the standard deviation of the color difference L value of the nylon layer 16 is ⁇ , which satisfies ⁇ 0.2.
  • the packaging bag 10 further has a matte layer 17, which is disposed on the surface of the nylon layer 16 that is away from the metal layer 15. Matte is relative to flat gloss, that is, a non-glossy surface, which can further avoid light pollution and improve the appearance of the packaging bag 10. At the same time, the matte layer 17 is more convenient to maintain.
  • the nylon layer 16 is a single-layer structure, which only includes a first sub-layer 161.
  • the first sub-layer 161 includes the above-mentioned coloring material, and by disposing the first sub-layer 161 on the outer surface of the metal layer 15, the appearance of the packaging bag 10 can be improved.
  • the nylon layer 16 includes a plurality of first sub-layers 161 and a plurality of second sub-layers 162, and the first sub-layers 161 and the second sub-layers 162 are alternately stacked along the first direction Z.
  • the nylon layer 16 is a double-layer structure, that is, the nylon layer 16 includes a first sub-layer 161 and a second sub-layer 162, the first sub-layer 161 or the second sub-layer 162 may be in contact with the metal layer 15.
  • the second sublayer without coloring material has better polarity and is easier to combine with the matte layer or the metal layer.
  • the first sublayer has low requirements for temperature resistance and polarity and can use lower-cost nylon (that is, coloring material + lower-cost PA), which is convenient for cost saving; the second sublayer 162 can directly use PA material.
  • the coloring material may be selected from one or more of carbon black, titanium dioxide, cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, and antimony trioxide.
  • carbon black is used to make a black masterbatch, that is, the nylon layer 16 appears black; or, carbon black and titanium dioxide are used to make a gray masterbatch, that is, the nylon layer 16 appears gray; or, titanium dioxide and cobalt oxide are used to make a green masterbatch, that is, the nylon layer 16 appears green; or, titanium dioxide, nickel oxide and antimony trioxide are used to make a yellow masterbatch, that is, the nylon layer 16 appears yellow.
  • the color combinations are actually diverse, and this application does not list them one by one.
  • the first sublayer 161 includes the above coloring material
  • aluminum-plastic film packaging bags of different colors are taken as examples to perform L value tests on them.
  • the preparation method of aluminum-plastic film is as follows: the carbon black is ground by a planetary ball mill, and when the carbon black particle size D50 is between 20nm and 300nm, plasma treatment (vibration screening + conveyor belt + plasma treatment) is performed, and then the carbon black is polarized.
  • the in-situ polymerization method is adopted to add the polarized carbon black into a reactor containing caprolactam, and a coupling agent (silane coupling agent, superacid coupling agent or hyperbranched polyester with multiple hydrocarbon groups) and an acid catalyst are added, and the mixture is fully mixed and evenly mixed, and then cooled and separated after polymerization at high temperature, and melt-extruded after separation and drying to obtain a black masterbatch.
  • the prepared black masterbatch is mixed with PA6 chips, and additives (silicon dioxide, oxidized polyethylene wax) are added, and a single-layer black nylon layer is prepared by single-channel extrusion; or a multi-layer black nylon is prepared by multi-channel extrusion.
  • additives silicon dioxide, oxidized polyethylene wax
  • a single-layer black nylon layer is prepared by single-channel extrusion; or a multi-layer black nylon is prepared by multi-channel extrusion.
  • the above-mentioned black nylon layer and the PP sealing layer are laminated.
  • On the two opposite surfaces of the aluminum foil to prepare an aluminum-plastic film packaging bag. (The color of the nylon layer can be changed by adjusting the amount of carbon black, that is, adjusting the mass ratio of carbon black to nylon layer)
  • L value test Lay aluminum-plastic film packaging bags of different colors flat on the table, use a colorimeter to test, collect L value data at an observation angle of 10°, test 10 different positions, and calculate the average value
  • the standard deviation ⁇ is calculated based on L, and the test results are shown in Table 1 below.
  • the standard deviation can reflect the degree of dispersion of a data set.
  • the packaging bag designed according to this formula is more likely to satisfy the L value ⁇ 0.2, so as to facilitate the realization of uniform color difference.
  • the relationship between X and Y in the embodiment of the present application, taking the aluminum-plastic film packaging bag as an example, the aluminum-plastic film packaging bag is tested for L value again, wherein the L value test can refer to the above embodiment.
  • a planetary ball mill is used to grind m parts of carbon black.
  • the carbon black particle size D50 is between 20nm and 300nm
  • plasma treatment vibration screening + conveyor belt + plasma treatment
  • the carbon black is polarized, which can solve the problem of uneven color caused by carbon black aggregation during polymerization.
  • An in-situ polymerization method is used to add the polarized carbon black into a reactor containing caprolactam, and a coupling agent (silane coupling agent, superacid coupling agent or hyperbranched polyester with multiple hydrocarbon groups) and an acid catalyst are added, and the mixture is fully mixed and evenly mixed.
  • the black nylon layer of a single-layer structure is prepared by single-channel extrusion, wherein the mass of the black nylon layer is M.
  • the carbon black of m parts is ground by a planetary ball mill.
  • plasma treatment vibration screening + conveyor belt + plasma treatment
  • the carbon black is polarized to solve the problem of uneven color caused by carbon black aggregation during polymerization.
  • the polarized carbon black is added to a reactor containing caprolactam by an in-situ polymerization method, and a coupling agent (silane coupling agent, superacid coupling agent or hyperbranched polyester with multiple hydrocarbon groups) and an acid catalyst are added. Mix thoroughly and evenly, polymerize at high temperature, cool and separate, separate and dry, melt and extrude to obtain black masterbatch.
  • a planetary ball mill is used to grind m parts of carbon black.
  • the carbon black particle size D50 is between 20nm and 300nm
  • plasma treatment vibration screening + conveyor belt + plasma treatment
  • the carbon black is polarized, which can solve the problem of uneven color caused by carbon black aggregation during polymerization.
  • An in-situ polymerization method is used to add the polarized carbon black into a reactor containing caprolactam, and a coupling agent (silane coupling agent, superacid coupling agent or hyperbranched polyester with multiple hydrocarbon groups) and an acid catalyst are added, and the mixture is fully mixed and evenly mixed.
  • the prepared black masterbatch is sliced and mixed with PA6, wherein the surface layer (the second sublayer of the upper layer) and the bottom layer (the second sublayer of the lower layer, used for bonding with the metal layer) are PA6, and additives (silicon dioxide, oxidized polyethylene wax) are added, and a three-layer black nylon layer is prepared by multi-pipe extrusion.
  • the X value can be directly calculated
  • Y value design a nylon layer with a specific color difference value L; that is, taking the black nylon layer as an example, before preparing the black nylon layer
  • the carbon black for example, 3 parts of carbon black (by mass) are ground by a planetary ball mill.
  • plasma treatment vibration screening + conveyor belt + plasma treatment
  • the carbon black is polarized, which can solve the problem of uneven color caused by carbon black aggregation during polymerization.
  • the polarized carbon black is added to a reactor containing 94.5 parts of caprolactam, and 0.2 parts of a coupling agent (silane coupling agent, superacid coupling agent or hyperbranched polyester with multiple hydrocarbon groups) and an acid catalyst are added, and the mixture is fully mixed and evenly mixed.
  • a coupling agent silane coupling agent, superacid coupling agent or hyperbranched polyester with multiple hydrocarbon groups
  • the mixture After polymerization at high temperature, the mixture is cooled and separated, and then melt-extruded to obtain a black masterbatch after separation and drying.
  • the prepared black masterbatch is sliced and mixed with 100 parts of PA6, and 2 parts of additives (1 part of silicon dioxide and 1 part of oxidized polyethylene wax) are added, and a single-layer black nylon layer is prepared by single-channel extrusion.
  • the black nylon layer and the PP sealing layer are attached to the two opposite surfaces of the aluminum foil to prepare an aluminum-plastic film packaging bag.
  • carbon black 3 parts are ground by a planetary ball mill.
  • plasma treatment vibration screening + conveyor belt + plasma treatment
  • the carbon black is polarized, which can solve the problem of uneven color caused by carbon black aggregation during polymerization.
  • the in-situ polymerization method is used to add the polarized carbon black to a reactor containing 94.5 parts of caprolactam, and 0.2 parts of coupling agent and acid catalyst are added, and the mixture is fully mixed. After polymerization at high temperature, the mixture is cooled and separated, and then melt-extruded to obtain a black masterbatch after separation and drying.
  • the prepared black masterbatch is sliced and mixed with 100 parts of PA6, wherein the surface layer (second sublayer) is 30 parts of PA6, 2 parts of additives (1 part of silicon dioxide, 1 part of oxidized polyethylene wax) are added, and a double-layer black nylon layer is prepared by double-pipe extrusion.
  • the black nylon layer and the PP sealing layer are attached to the two opposite surfaces of the aluminum foil to prepare an aluminum-plastic film packaging bag.
  • carbon black 3 parts are ground using a planetary ball mill.
  • plasma treatment vibration screening + conveyor belt + plasma treatment
  • the carbon black is polarized to solve the problem of uneven color caused by carbon black aggregation during polymerization.
  • the polarized carbon black is added to a reactor containing 94.5 parts of caprolactam, and 0.2 parts of a coupling agent and parts of an acid catalyst are added. The mixture is fully mixed, polymerized at high temperature, and then cooled and separated. After separation and drying, the black masterbatch was melt extruded to obtain a black masterbatch.
  • the prepared black masterbatch was sliced and mixed with 100 parts of PA6, wherein the surface layer (the second sublayer of the upper layer) was 30 parts of PA6, and the bottom layer (the second sublayer of the lower layer, used for bonding with the metal layer) was added with 2 parts of additives (1 part of silicon dioxide and 1 part of oxidized polyethylene wax), and a three-layer black nylon layer was prepared by multi-channel extrusion.
  • the above black nylon layer and the PP sealing layer were bonded to the two opposite surfaces of the aluminum foil to prepare an aluminum-plastic film packaging bag.
  • the L value of the nylon layer can be determined.
  • a black nylon layer is prepared based on the structure of the above-mentioned Example 3, and the black nylon layer is used to prepare an aluminum-plastic film packaging bag.
  • Example 3 With the structure of the above-mentioned Example 3, a black nylon layer with a thickness of 15 ⁇ m was prepared, and the nylon layer was attached to the outer surface of the aluminum foil, and the surface of the aluminum foil away from the black nylon layer was attached to the PP sealing layer to form an aluminum-plastic film packaging bag with a thickness of 76 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the nylon layer/the thickness of the metal layer/the thickness of the sealing layer were 15 ⁇ m/30 ⁇ m/28 ⁇ m respectively.
  • the transparent nylon layer and the metal layer were bonded with black glue, and a PP sealing layer was attached to the surface of the metal layer facing away from the black glue to form an aluminum-plastic film packaging bag with a thickness of 76 ⁇ m.
  • Transparent glue is used to bond the nylon layer and the metal layer.
  • the nylon layer includes a black ink layer and a transparent nylon layer.
  • the black ink layer is located between the transparent nylon layer and the glue layer.
  • a PP sealing layer is attached to the surface of the metal layer away from the nylon layer to form an aluminum-plastic film packaging bag with a thickness of 76 ⁇ m.
  • Tensile strength and elongation test Cut the above packaging bags into 100mm*15mm strips, fix one end of the strip in the length or width direction to the lower end of the tensile machine, and the other end to the upper end of the tensile machine, keep the two ends on the same vertical plane, and determine the initial spacing between the two ends. Set the tensile machine stretching speed to 50mm/min, stretch the strip until it breaks, and record the tensile force and fracture displacement when the strip breaks. The tensile force at break is the tensile strength, and the fracture displacement/initial spacing*100% is the elongation.
  • Table 4 The test results are as follows As shown in Table 4.
  • the nylon layer itself includes a coloring material.
  • the color difference of the nylon layer can be changed by controlling the amount of the coloring material and the nylon material; and the average value of the color difference L value of the nylon layer is satisfy
  • the standard deviation of the color difference L value of the nylon layer is ⁇ satisfying ⁇ 0.2 to achieve uniform color difference; at the same time, when preparing the packaging bag, since the nylon layer itself has color, the nylon layer can be directly bonded to the metal layer, eliminating seasonings such as black ink, which can improve the bonding force between the nylon layer and the metal layer, thereby improving the mechanical strength and punching performance of the packaging bag.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Wrappers (AREA)

Abstract

一种电池（100），包括电极组件（20）以及用于收容电极组件（20）的包装袋（10），包装袋（10）具有尼龙层（16），尼龙层（16）具有着色材料，尼龙层（16）的色差L值的平均值大于等于6小于等于12，尼龙层（16）的色差L值的标准差值为σ，满足σ≤0.2。尼龙层（16）本身即包括着色材料，在尼龙层（16）制作时，通过设置着色材料的含量与尼龙材料的厚度，即可改变尼龙层（16）的色差；并且，尼龙层（16）的色差L值的平均值和标准差值满足前述范围，可实现色差均一；同时，在制备包装袋（10）时，由于尼龙层（16）本身具有色泽，尼龙层（16）可直接与金属层（15）贴合，省去了黑油墨等调料，可提高尼龙层（16）与金属层（15）之间的结合力，以提高包装袋（10）的机械强度及冲抗性能。

Description

一种电池
相关申请的交叉参考
本申请要求于2023年6月6日提交中国专利局，申请号为202310658995.X，发明名称为“一种电池”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中
技术领域
本申请涉及电化学技术领域，尤其涉及一种电池。
背景技术
软包电池因其安全性能好、重量轻、同等规格下容量大、循环次数多及设计灵活等优点，逐步应用到智能手机、新能源汽车等领域。
软包电池的包装袋通常包括金属箔层以及设置于金属箔层外表面的尼龙层。为提高软包电池的外观效果，传统的方法是将在尼龙层的表面设置有一层黑油墨，黑油墨通过胶水粘接于铝箔层与尼龙层之间。由于油墨等填料的存在，会导致尼龙层与铝箔层之间的界面结合力减弱，以致于铝塑膜机械强度及冲坑性能降低；并且，油墨等填料难以扩散至整个胶水，其色泽不均匀，应对光污染的效果不佳。
发明内容
本申请实施例旨在提供一种电池，以改善电池包装袋机械强度弱以及色泽不均匀的问题。
本申请实施例为了解决其技术问题，采用以下技术方案：
本申请提出了一种电池，包括电极组件以及用于收容电极组件的包装袋，包装袋具有尼龙层，尼龙层具有着色材料，尼龙层的色差L值的平均值为满足尼龙层的色差L值的标准差值为σ，满足σ≤0.2。
上述技术方案中，尼龙层本身即包括着色材料，在尼龙层制作时，通过控制着色材料的含量与尼龙层最外侧第二子层的厚度，即可改变尼龙层的色差；并且，尼龙层的色差L值的平均值为满足尼龙层的色差L值的标 准差值为σ满足σ<0.2，以实现色差均一；同时，在制备包装袋时，由于尼龙层本身既具有色泽，使得尼龙层可直接与金属层贴合，省去了黑油墨等调料，可提高尼龙层与金属层之间的结合力，以提高包装袋的机械强度及冲坑性能。
在一些优选的实施方式中，σ≤0.1，在此范围内可进一步提高尼龙层色差的均一性。
在一些优选的实施方式中，尼龙层包括第一子层；或者，尼龙层包括若干第一子层以及若干第二子层，第一子层与第二子层沿第一方向交替层叠设置；或者，尼龙层包括第一子层以及两个第二子层，第一子层位于两个第二子层之间，其中，第一子层包括着色材料。尼龙层包括第一子层是指尼龙层仅包括第一子层并无第二子层；或者，尼龙层包括一层第一子层和一层第二子层；或者尼龙层包括多层第一子层和位于最外层的一层第二子层。
在一些优选的实施方式中，沿所述第一方向，最外侧的第二子层的厚度为Ymm，尼龙层满足：Y＝KX+b。最外侧指尼龙层背离电池中心方向的最外层，其中，2.6491≤K≤3.13，-0.1667≤b≤-0.0709；X为着色材料占尼龙层的质量比值。可直接通过设置X值以及Y值，来获得具有确定色差值L的尼龙层，使得值处于的范围内，L值的标准差值为σ，满足σ≤0.2，从而实现尼龙层色差均一。
在一些优选的实施方式中，尼龙层包括第一子层以及两个第二子层，第一子层位于两个第二子层之间。不含着色材料的第二子层极性较好，更容易与哑光层或者金属层结合，此外，第一子层其耐温性和极性要求低，可采用成本较低的尼龙，方便节省成本。
在一些优选的实施方式中，沿第一方向，第一子层的厚度为T1，第二子层的厚度为T2，40％T2≤T1≤90％T2，可便于提高尼龙层色泽的均一性。
在一些优选的实施方式中，沿第一方向，尼龙层的厚度为T，12μm≤T≤35μm。
在一些优选的实施方式中，0<X≤0.1。
在一些优选的实施方式中，0≤Y≤0.05。
在一些优选的实施方式中，最外侧的第二子层的厚度为Ymm，X为着色材料占尼龙层的质量比值，L＝[-99.68*ln(X)-220.36]*Y-8.36*ln(X)-18.48。根据该公式设计的包装袋，其L值满足σ≤0.2，从而便于实现色差均一。
在一些优选的实施方式中，着色材料选自炭黑、二氧化钛、氧化钴、氧化镍、三氧化二锑中的一种或多种。采用炭黑制得黑色母粒，也即尼龙层呈现出黑色；或者，采用炭黑和钛白粉制得灰色母粒，也即尼龙层呈现出灰色；或者，采用二氧化钛和氧化钴制得绿色母粒，也即尼龙层呈现出绿色；再或者，采用二氧化钛、氧化镍以及三氧化二锑制得黄色母粒，也即尼龙层呈现出黄色。
在一些优选的实施方式中，包装袋还包括金属层以及封合层，金属层位于封合层与尼龙层之间，封合层面向电极组件设置，尼龙层位于金属层的背离电极组件的表面。
在一些优选的实施方式中，包装袋还具有哑光层，哑光层设置于尼龙层的背离金属层的表面。可进一步避免光污染，并可提高包装袋的外观效果，同时哑光层维护起来更为方便。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
一个或多个实施例通过与之对应的附图进行示例性说明，这些示例性说明并不构成对实施例的限定，附图中具有相同参考数字标号的元件表示为类似的元件，除非有特别申明，附图中的图不构成比例限制。
图1为本申请一些实施例的电池的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例的电池的爆炸视图；
图3为本申请一些实施例的包装袋的结构示意图；
图4为本申请一些实施例的包装袋的部分结构示意图；
图5为本申请一些实施例的包装袋的结构示意图；
图6为本申请一些实施例的单层结构尼龙层的结构示意图；
图7为本申请一些实施例的双层结构尼龙层的结构示意图；
图8为本申请一些实施例的三层结构尼龙层的结构示意图；
图9为本申请一些实施例的三层结构尼龙层的结构示意图；
图10为本申请一些实施例的Y与X的关系示意图；
图11为本申请一些实施例的Y与X的关系示意图。
附图标记说明：
100、电池；
10、包装袋；11、容置腔；12、第一袋体；121、第一坑腔；13、第二袋体；131、第二坑腔；14、封合层；15、金属层；16、尼龙层；161、第一子层；162、第二子层；17、哑光层；
20、电极组件；
Z、第一方向。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。此外，下面所描述的本申请不同实施例中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。
第一方面，本申请提出了一种电池100，请参照图1和图2，该电池100包括电极组件20以及包装袋10，包装袋10围合出容置腔11，电极组件20则收容于容置腔11内。
对于上述电极组件20，电极组件20可采用卷绕结构，其包括第一极片(图中未标示)、隔离膜(图中未标示)以及第二极片(图中未标示)，第一极片、隔离膜以及第二极片层叠并卷绕成型。第一极片与第二极片的极性相反，隔离膜设置于第一极片与第二极片之间以分隔二者。在其他一些实施中，电极组件20也可采用叠片结构，也即第一极片、隔离膜以及第二极片叠片成型。
对于上述包装袋10，请参照图1和图2，包装袋10围合有容置腔11，上 述电极组件20可收容于容置腔11，同时容置腔11还可收容电解液(图中未标示)，电解液于容置腔11内浸润电极组件20。例如，请进一步参照图3，包装袋10包括第一袋体12和第二袋体13，第一袋体12冲设有第一坑腔121，第二袋体13连接于第一袋体12并覆盖第一坑腔121，第一袋体12与第二袋体13共同形成上述包装袋10，而第一坑腔121则形成上述容置腔11。在其他一些实施例中，第一袋体12冲设有第一坑腔121，第二袋体13冲设有第二坑腔131，在第一袋体12连接于第二袋体13时，第一坑腔121与第二坑腔131连通以形成容置腔11。
请参照图4，包装袋10包括封合层14、金属层15以及尼龙层16，金属层15设置于封合层14与尼龙层16之间，其中封合层14面向电极组件20设置，尼龙层16设置于金属层15的背离电极组件20(电极组件20设置于容置腔11，图中未示出电极组件20)的表面。上述第一袋体12和第二袋体13均为包装袋10的一部分，第一袋体12和第二袋体13均包括封合层14、金属层15以及尼龙层16。可通过热压封装的方式将上述第一袋体12与第二袋体13连接为包装袋10，其中第一袋体12的封合层14面向第二袋体13的封合层14，热压第一袋体12的边沿以及第二袋体13的边沿，即可使得第一袋体12的封合层14与第二袋体13的封合层14熔融粘接，从而密封容置腔11。
上述金属层15的材质可采用铝或不锈钢，金属层15较为致密，不仅可保证包装袋10的整体强度，还可进一步起到隔绝水气的作用的，以保证包装袋10的密封性。上述封合层14可隔绝金属层15与容置腔11内的电极组件20及电解液，可减少电解液对金属层15的腐蚀。封合层14可采用聚丙烯材料，在热压第一袋体12的封合层14以及第二袋体13的封合层14时，聚丙烯熔融相粘，以使得第一袋体12与第二袋体13固定，从而形成完整的包装袋10。
对于上述尼龙层16，其具有较大的韧性，设置于包装袋10的最外层，不仅可以保护金属层15，还可起到隔绝外界水气的作用。其中，尼龙层16包括着色材料，例如将尼龙材料与着色材料等混合以形成尼龙层16，着色材料于尼龙层16内，用于改变尼龙层16的颜色。可选的，尼龙层16的色差L值的平均值为满足尼龙层16的色差L值的标准差值为σ，满足σ<0.2。
上述是指，在尼龙层16上均匀取十个以上的测试点，采用色差仪测量每个点的色差值，其中色差值L是以D65标准光源下，用色差仪以10°角观察的 L值，然后再取以上所有色差值L的平均值标准差值为σ根据上述L值、值进行计算得出。
本实施例中，尼龙层16本身即包括着色材料，在尼龙层16制作时，通过控制着色材料与尼龙材料的量，即可改变尼龙层16的色差；并且，尼龙层16的色差L值的平均值为满足尼龙层16的色差L值的标准差值为σ满足σ<0.2，以实现色差均一，可提高尼龙层包装袋10应对光污染的性能。
进一步的，满足σ<0.1。在此范围内可进一步提高尼龙层16色差的均一性。
可选的，在其他一些实施例中，请参照图5，包装袋10还具有哑光层17，哑光层17设置于尼龙层16的背离金属层15的表面。哑光是相对于平光而言的，也就是非亮光面，可以进一步避免光污染，并可提高包装袋10的外观效果，同时哑光层17维护起来更为方便。
请参照图6，在一些实施例中，尼龙层16为单层结构，其仅包括第一子层161。第一子层161包括上述着色材料，通过将第一子层161设置于金属层15的外表面，可提高包装袋10的外观效果。
在其他的一些实施例中，尼龙层16包括若干第一子层161以及若干第二子层162，第一子层161与第二子层162沿第一方向Z交替层叠设置。例如，请参照图7，尼龙层16为双层结构时，也即尼龙层16包括一层第一子层161以及一层第二子层162，与金属层15接触的可以是第一子层161也可以是第二子层162。优选的，请参照图8，尼龙层16为三层结构时，其可包括两层第一子层161以及一层第二子层162，第二子层162设置于两层第一子层161之间；再或者，请参照图9，尼龙层16包括一层第一子层161以及两层第二子层162，第一子层161设置于两层第二子层162之间。在其他一些实施例中，尼龙层16还可以是四层、五层或者多层结构。
不含着色材料的第二子层极性较好，更容易与哑光层或者金属层结合，第一子层其耐温性和极性要求低，可采用成本较低的尼龙(也即着色材料+成本较低的PA)，方便节省成本；第二子层162则可直接采用PA材料。
上述第一子层161的厚度以及第二子层162的厚度可根据实际需求选择设置，例如，沿第一方向Z，第一方向为从封合层至尼龙层的方向，第一子层161的厚度为T1，第二子层162的厚度为T2，40％T2≤T1≤90％T2。第一子层 161的厚度太厚，中间层厚度波动易导致凸出或凹陷，易导致表层的第二子层162缺失或者较厚，以致于色泽不均匀。第一子层161厚度太薄，某些区域厚度可能因太薄而导致色泽分散不均匀。因此，本申请的实施例中，优选40％T2≤T1≤90％T2，可便于提高尼龙层16色泽的均一性。可选的，沿第一方向Z，尼龙层16的厚度为T，满足12μm≤T≤35μm。其中，金属层15的厚度可设置为35μm至50μm，封合层14的厚度可设置为25μm至45μm。
上述着色材料可选择炭黑、二氧化钛、氧化钴、氧化镍、三氧化二锑中的一种或多种。例如，采用炭黑制得黑色母粒，也即尼龙层16呈现出黑色；或者，采用炭黑和钛白粉制得灰色母粒，也即尼龙层16呈现出灰色；或者，采用二氧化钛和氧化钴制得绿色母粒，也即尼龙层16呈现出绿色；再或者，采用二氧化钛、氧化镍以及三氧化二锑制得黄色母粒，也即尼龙层16呈现出黄色。其颜色搭配实则多样，本申请不一一列举。
在一些实施例中，上述色差值L＝[-99.68*ln(X)-220.36]*Y-8.36*ln(X)-18.48。其中，L为D65标准光源下，用色差仪以10°角观察的L值；X为所述着色材料占所述尼龙层16的质量比值；尼龙层16为多层(两层及以上)结构的情况下，沿第一方向Z，最外侧的第二子层162的厚度为Ymm；当尼龙层16为单层结构时，也即尼龙层16仅包括第一子层161，此时Y＝0。
其中，0<X≤0.1，0≤Y≤0.05。可选的，第一子层161包括上述着色材料，第二子层162则可采用PA(尼龙材料)，尼龙层16满足Y＝KX+b，其中2.6491≤K≤3.13，-0.1667≤b≤-0.0709。
本申请的实施例，以不用色泽的铝塑膜包装袋为例，对其进行L值测试。
铝塑膜制备方法为：采用行星式球磨机对炭黑进行研磨，当炭黑粒径D50处于20nm～300nm时，进行等离子处理(振动筛选+传送带+等离子处理)，再对上述炭黑进行极性化处理。采用原位聚合法，将上述极性化的炭黑加入含有己内酰胺的反应器中，并加入偶联剂(硅烷偶联剂、太酸偶联剂或者具有多烃基的超支聚酯)以及酸催化剂，充分混合均匀，在高温下聚合后冷却分离，分离干燥后熔融挤出制得黑色母粒。将制备的黑色母粒与PA6切片混合，并加入添加剂(二氧化硅、氧化聚乙烯蜡)，单管道挤出制备单层结构的黑尼龙层；或者多管道挤出制备多层结构的黑尼龙。将上述黑尼龙层以及PP封合层贴合 于铝箔的相对的两个表面，以制备出铝塑膜包装袋。(通过调整炭黑的量，也即调整炭黑与尼龙层的质量比，可改变尼龙层的色泽)
L值测试：将不同色泽的铝塑膜包装袋平铺在台面上，采用色差仪进行测试，收集观察角度10°下的L值数据，测试10个不同的位置，计算平均值根据L计算标准差值σ，测试结果如下表1所示。
表1
根据上述表1可知，结合实施例1至实施例6可知，当时，铝塑膜包装袋的色泽均匀并且文字识别清楚；结合对比例1可知，当也即 时，由于包装膜中的着色材料分散不均匀而导致斑点数量增加至30，出现色泽不均匀的情况，并且部分文字与斑点重合导致文字识别不清楚；再结合对比例2可知，当也即时，包装膜颜色太浅，接近于文字颜色，则文字识别不清楚加重。由此，本申请中选择结合实施例2至4，优选的，在此范围内，铝塑膜包装袋色泽均匀，无斑点，且文字识别清楚，包装膜与文字对比明显。
标准差可反映一个数据集的离散程度，上述标准差值σ即反映铝塑膜包装袋的色泽均匀性。根据上述表1可知，随着标准差值σ的逐渐增大，其色泽均匀性逐渐变差。当标准差值σ＝0.2时，其色泽较为均匀，但当标准差值σ＝0.25 时，色泽均匀度下降，影响文字识别。因此，本申请的实施例中，选择σ≤0.2；结合实施例2至5，优选的，σ≤0.1，在此范围内，铝塑膜包装袋色泽均匀且文字识别清楚，包装膜与文字对比明显。
Y与X之间的关系；
本申请的发明人在实现本申请的过程发现，上述色差值L与着色材料占尼龙层的质量比值X以及最外侧的第二子层的厚度Ymm之间满足关系式L＝[-99.68*ln(X)-220.36]*Y-8.36*ln(X)-18.48。根据该公式设计的包装袋，其L值更易满足σ≤0.2，从而便于实现色差均一。为得出X与Y之间的关系，本申请的实施例中，以铝塑膜包装袋为例，对铝塑膜包装袋再次进行L值测试，其中L值测试可参照上述实施例。
铝塑膜包装袋的制备
实施例7
采用行星式球磨机对m份质量的炭黑进行研磨，当炭黑粒径D50处于20nm～300nm时，进行等离子处理(振动筛选+传送带+等离子处理)，再对上述炭黑进行极性化处理，可解决在聚合时炭黑聚集导致的颜色不均匀缺点。采用原位聚合法，将上述极性化的炭黑加入含有己内酰胺的反应器中，并加入偶联剂(硅烷偶联剂、太酸偶联剂或者具有多烃基的超支聚酯)以及酸催化剂，充分混合均匀，在高温下聚合后冷却分离，分离干燥后熔融挤出制得黑色母粒。将制备的黑色母粒与PA6切片混合，并加入添加剂(二氧化硅、氧化聚乙烯蜡)，单管道挤出制备单层结构的黑尼龙层，其中黑尼龙层的质量为M。将上述黑尼龙层以及PP封合层贴合于铝箔的相对的两个表面，以制备出铝塑膜包装袋。其中，m/M＝0.053。
实施例8
采用行星式球磨机对m份质量的炭黑进行研磨，当炭黑粒径D50处于20nm～300nm时，进行等离子处理(振动筛选+传送带+等离子处理)，再对上述炭黑进行极性化处理，可解决在聚合时炭黑聚集导致的颜色不均匀缺点。采用原位聚合法，将上述极性化的炭黑加入含有己内酰胺的反应器中，并加入偶联剂(硅烷偶联剂、太酸偶联剂或者具有多烃基的超支聚酯)以及酸催化剂， 充分混合均匀，在高温下聚合后冷却分离，分离干燥后熔融挤出制得黑色母粒。将制备的黑色母粒与PA6切片并混合，其中表层(第二子层)为PA6，加入添加剂(二氧化硅、氧化聚乙烯蜡)，双管道挤出制备双层结构的黑尼龙层(第一子层与第二子层的双层结构)。将上述黑尼龙层以及PP封合层贴合于铝箔的相对的两个表面，以制备出铝塑膜包装袋。其中，m/M＝0.06；最外层第二子层的厚度为Ymm，Y＝0.02。
实施例9
采用行星式球磨机对m份质量的炭黑进行研磨，当炭黑粒径D50处于20nm～300nm时，进行等离子处理(振动筛选+传送带+等离子处理)，再对上述炭黑进行极性化处理，可解决在聚合时炭黑聚集导致的颜色不均匀缺点。采用原位聚合法，将上述极性化的炭黑加入含有己内酰胺的反应器中，并加入偶联剂(硅烷偶联剂、太酸偶联剂或者具有多烃基的超支聚酯)以及酸催化剂，充分混合均匀，在高温下聚合后冷却分离，分离干燥后熔融挤出制得黑色母粒。将制备的黑色母粒与PA6切片并混合，其中表层(上层的第二子层)和底层(下层的第二子层，用于与金属层贴合)为PA6，加入添加剂(二氧化硅、氧化聚乙烯蜡)，多管道挤出制备三层结构的黑尼龙层。将上述黑尼龙层以及PP封合层贴合于铝箔的相对的两个表面，以制备出铝塑膜包装袋。其中，m/M＝0.063；最外层第二子层的厚度为Ymm，Y＝0.03。
实施例10
与实施例9不同的是，m/M＝0.066；Y＝0.04。
实施例11
与实施例9不同的是，m/M＝0.069；Y＝0.05。
实施例12
与实施例7不同的是，m/M＝0.0265。
实施例13
与实施例8不同的是，m/M＝0.0345。
实施例14
与实施例9不同的是，m/M＝0.0385。
实施例15
与实施例9不同的是，m/M＝0.042；Y＝0.04。
实施例16
与实施例9不同的是，m/M＝0.0452；Y＝0.05。
测试结果如下表2及表3所示
表2
表3
结合上述表2、表3以及图10和图11，可得出Y与X近似满足一次函数Y＝KX+b，其中2.6491≤K≤3.13，-0.1667≤b≤-0.0709。并且，选择0.0265≤X≤0.069；0≤Y≤0.05。在上述X以及Y的范围内，可直接通过计算X值 以及Y值，设计具有特定色差值L的尼龙层；也即，以黑尼龙层为例，在制备黑尼龙层之前，通过调整着色材料的量(炭黑与尼龙层的质量比)以及调整最外侧的第二子层的厚度(单层结构时无第二子层，也即Y＝0)即可调整L值，以便于使得L值处于6≤L≤12的范围内，而6≤L≤12更易使得从而可便于实现色差均一。
例如，采用行星式球磨机对炭黑3份(按质量份)进行研磨，当炭黑粒径D50处于20～300nm时，进行等离子处理(振动筛选+传送带+等离子处理)，再对上述炭黑进行极性化处理，可解决在聚合时炭黑聚集导致的颜色不均匀缺点。采用原位聚合法，将上述极性化的炭黑加入含有己内酰胺94.5份的反应器中，并加入偶联剂(硅烷偶联剂、太酸偶联剂或者具有多烃基的超支聚酯)0.2份以及酸催化剂份，充分混合均匀，在高温下聚合后冷却分离，分离干燥后熔融挤出制得黑色母粒。将制备的黑色母粒与100份PA6切片并混合，并加入添加剂2份(二氧化硅1份、氧化聚乙烯蜡1份)，单管道挤出制备单层结构的黑尼龙层。将上述黑尼龙层以及PP封合层贴合于铝箔的相对的两个表面，以制备出铝塑膜包装袋。
再例如，采用行星式球磨机对炭黑3份进行研磨，当炭黑粒径D50处于20～300nm时，进行等离子处理(振动筛选+传送带+等离子处理)，再对上述炭黑进行极性化处理，可解决在聚合时炭黑聚集导致的颜色不均匀缺点。采用原位聚合法，将上述极性化的炭黑加入含有己内酰胺94.5份的反应器中，并加入偶联剂0.2份以及酸催化剂份，充分混合均匀，在高温下聚合后冷却分离，分离干燥后熔融挤出制得黑色母粒。将制备的黑色母粒与100份PA6切片并混合，其中表层(第二子层)为30份PA6，加入添加剂2份(二氧化硅1份、氧化聚乙烯蜡1份)，双管道挤出制备双层结构的黑尼龙层。将上述黑尼龙层以及PP封合层贴合于铝箔的相对的两个表面，以制备出铝塑膜包装袋。
再例如，采用行星式球磨机对炭黑3份进行研磨，当炭黑粒径D50处于20～300nm时，进行等离子处理(振动筛选+传送带+等离子处理)，再对上述炭黑进行极性化处理，可解决在聚合时炭黑聚集导致的颜色不均匀缺点。采用原位聚合法，将上述极性化的炭黑加入含有己内酰胺94.5份的反应器中，并加入偶联剂0.2份以及酸催化剂份，充分混合均匀，在高温下聚合后冷却分离， 分离干燥后熔融挤出制得黑色母粒。将制备的黑色母粒与100份PA6切片并混合，其中表层(上层的第二子层)为30份PA6，底层(下层的第二子层，用于与金属层贴合)，加入添加剂2份(二氧化硅1份、氧化聚乙烯蜡1份)，多管道挤出制备三层结构的黑尼龙层。将上述黑尼龙层以及PP封合层贴合于铝箔的相对的两个表面，以制备出铝塑膜包装袋。
由此，根据上述炭黑与上述己内酰胺、偶联剂、PA6切片以及添加剂的质量比，在确定最外侧的第二子层的厚度后，即可确定尼龙层的L值。
本申请的实施例中，以上述实施例3的结构为基础制备黑尼龙层，并采用该黑尼龙层制备铝塑膜包装袋。
实施例17
以上述实施例3的结构，制备厚度为15μm的黑尼龙层，将尼龙层贴合于铝箔的外表面，铝箔背离黑尼龙层的表面则贴合PP封合层以形成厚度为76μm的铝塑膜包装袋。其中，尼龙层厚度/金属层厚度/封合层厚度分别为15μm/30μm/28μm。
对比例4
采用黑胶水粘接透明尼龙层与金属层，并在金属层背离黑胶水的表面贴合PP封合层以形成厚度为76μm的铝塑膜包装袋。
对比例5
采用透明胶水粘接尼龙层与金属层，尼龙层包括黑油墨层以及透明尼龙层，黑油墨层位于透明尼龙层与胶水层之间，并在金属层背离尼龙层的表面贴合PP封合层以形成厚度为76μm的铝塑膜包装袋。
拉伸强度及延展率测试：将上述包装袋剪裁为100mm*15mm的样条，将样条长度方向或宽度方向的一端固定在拉力机下端，另一端固定在拉力机上端，保持两端在同一垂直面上，确定两端的初始间距。设置拉力机拉伸速度为50mm/min，将样条拉伸，直至拉断，记录样条断裂时的拉力及断裂位移，断裂是的拉力即为拉伸强度，断裂位移/初始间距*100％即为延展率。测试结果如下 表4所示。
极限冲坑测试：采用50*69mm的钢冲坑，其顶边R角为0.6mm，侧边R角为2mm，顶角为1.8mm，凹模4边R角为0.6mm，凹凸膜间隙为0.25mm。实际操作得出铝塑膜无破损时最大深度。测试结果如下表4所示。
表4
结合上述表4可知，相较于对比例4、对比例5结构的铝塑膜包装袋，采用本申请中的尼龙层可有效提高拉伸强度、延伸率以及冲坑性能。
本申请的实施例中，尼龙层本身即包括着色材料，在尼龙层制作时，通过控制着色材料与尼龙材料的量，即可改变尼龙层的色差；并且，尼龙层的色差L值的平均值为满足尼龙层的色差L值的标准差值为σ满足σ≤0.2，以实现色差均一；同时，在制备包装袋时，由于尼龙层本身既具有色泽，使得尼龙层可直接与金属层贴合，省去了黑油墨等调料，可提高尼龙层与金属层之间的结合力，以提高包装袋的机械强度及冲坑性能。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；在本申请的思路下，以上实施例或者不同实施例中的技术特征之间也可以进行组合，步骤可以以任意顺序实现，并存在如上所述的本申请的不同方面的许多其它变化，为了简明，它们没有在细节中提供；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种电池，包括电极组件以及用于收容所述电极组件的包装袋，其特征在于，所述包装袋具有尼龙层，所述尼龙层具有着色材料，所述尼龙层的色差L值的平均值为满足所述尼龙层的色差L值的标准差值为σ，满足σ≤0.2。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，σ≤0.1。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述尼龙层包括第一子层；或者，所述尼龙层包括若干第一子层以及若干第二子层，所述第一子层与所述第二子层沿第一方向交替层叠设置；或者，所述尼龙层包括第一子层以及两个第二子层，所述第一子层位于所述两个第二子层之间；
    其中，所述第一子层包括所述着色材料。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池，其特征在于，沿所述第一方向，最外侧的所述第二子层的厚度为Ymm，所述尼龙层满足：Y＝KX+b；
    其中，2.6491≤K≤3.13，-0.1667≤b≤-0.0709；X为所述着色材料占所述尼龙层的质量比值。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的电池，其特征在于，沿所述第一方向，所述第一子层的厚度为T1，所述第二子层的厚度为T2，40％T2≤T1≤90％T2。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，沿第一方向，所述尼龙层的厚度为T，12μm≤T≤35μm。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的电池，其特征在于，0<X≤0.1。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的电池，其特征在于，0≤Y≤0.05。
  9. 根据权利要求4所述的电池，其特征在于，所述尼龙层的色差L值满足： L＝[-99.68*ln(X)-220.36]*Y-8.36*ln(X)-18.48。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，沿第一方向，最外侧的第二子层的厚度为Ymm，所述尼龙层的色差L值满足：L＝[-99.68*ln(X)-220.36]*Y-8.36*ln(X)-18.48，其中，X为所述着色材料占所述尼龙层的质量比值。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述着色材料选自炭黑、二氧化钛、氧化钴、氧化镍、三氧化二锑中的一种或多种。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述包装袋还包括金属层以及封合层，金属层位于所述封合层与所述尼龙层之间，所述封合层面向所述电极组件设置，所述尼龙层位于所述金属层的背离所述电极组件的表面。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电池，其特征在于，所述包装袋还具有哑光层，所述哑光层设置于所述尼龙层的背离所述金属层的表面。
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