WO2024105924A1 - Système de confirmation d'état de dispositif de fabrication - Google Patents
Système de confirmation d'état de dispositif de fabrication Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024105924A1 WO2024105924A1 PCT/JP2023/024789 JP2023024789W WO2024105924A1 WO 2024105924 A1 WO2024105924 A1 WO 2024105924A1 JP 2023024789 W JP2023024789 W JP 2023024789W WO 2024105924 A1 WO2024105924 A1 WO 2024105924A1
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- video data
- inspection
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- image data
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B9/00—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages
- B65B9/02—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material between opposed webs
- B65B9/04—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material between opposed webs one or both webs being formed with pockets for the reception of the articles, or of the quantities of material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/89—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in moving material, e.g. running paper or textiles
- G01N21/892—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in moving material, e.g. running paper or textiles characterised by the flaw, defect or object feature examined
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/418—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a system for checking the occurrence of a manufacturing defect when it occurs in a manufacturing device that performs various processes on transported workpieces.
- Some manufacturing devices manufacture various products by repeatedly performing various processes on workpieces that are transported without changing the order.
- One example of such a manufacturing device is a blister packaging machine that transports a container film as a workpiece and repeatedly performs various processes on the container film to sequentially manufacture blister sheets as products.
- the various processes include, for example, a process for forming pockets in the container film, a process for placing contents such as tablets in the pockets, and a process for attaching a cover film to the container film.
- defects may occur with the workpiece itself or with the processing of the workpiece.
- the container film before processing may have holes or stains, the pocket may be poorly formed, the contents may not be properly contained in the pocket, or the cover film may not be properly attached to the container film.
- appropriate measures must be taken to prevent the same type of defect from occurring again.
- an inspection device that includes an imaging means (such as a camera) for imaging the workpiece etc., and a judgment means for making a pass/fail judgment based on the image data obtained by the imaging means, where the judgment means judges whether the workpiece itself or the processing performed on the workpiece is pass/fail, and the image data used for the pass/fail judgment is stored in association with the pass/fail judgment result (see, for example, Patent Document 1, etc.).
- This inspection device makes it possible to grasp the inspection status, and to take appropriate action if the inspection status is not appropriate.
- a process monitoring device that includes an imaging means for imaging the workpiece itself and the processing status of the workpiece to obtain video data, a memory for storing the obtained video data, and an external input means for inputting a signal output from an inspection device (detection device) installed on the workpiece transport path as a trigger signal (see, for example, Patent Document 2, etc.).
- an inspection device detection device
- a trigger signal is input
- video data stored in the memory video data going back a set time or more from the time the trigger signal was input is saved as non-overwritable video data. Therefore, if a defect occurs with the workpiece itself or the processing of the workpiece, it is thought that it will be possible to take appropriate action by using non-overwritable video data.
- the inspection device described in Patent Document 1 only stores image data used to judge pass/fail. Therefore, while it is possible to confirm that a defect has occurred, it may not be possible to grasp the cause or timing of the defect.
- the manufacturing device is a blister packaging machine and a defect occurs in which the contents are not contained in the pocket. In this case, it is possible to confirm the occurrence of the defect from the image data, but it may not be possible to determine at what point in the process the defect of contents not being contained in the pocket occurred. Therefore, it is not possible to grasp the cause or timing of the defect, and there is a risk that it will not be possible to take sufficient appropriate measures to prevent the defect from occurring.
- the video data that is saved as non-overwritable is video data that dates back more than a set time from the time the trigger signal was input. Therefore, the non-overwritable video data may contain a lot of video data that is unrelated to the malfunction, in addition to the video data necessary to understand the cause of the malfunction. This makes it very difficult to find the necessary video data, and may make it difficult to take appropriate measures to prevent the malfunction from occurring.
- the manufacturing device is a blister packaging machine
- the distance from the imaging means to the inspection device is relatively large, and the filling speed of the contents into the pockets is very high (for example, 6,000 pieces/minute).
- the non-overwritable video data needs to be relatively long in length to correspond to the distance from the imaging means to the inspection device, but because the filling speed is so high, the necessary video data is only a small portion of the total non-overwritable video data. This makes it very difficult to find the necessary video data.
- non-overwritable video data is specified based on time (set time)
- time set time
- the present invention was made in consideration of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to provide a system for checking the status of manufacturing equipment that can more reliably and easily obtain the video data necessary to understand the cause of malfunctions, etc.
- a manufacturing device status confirmation system for confirming the occurrence of manufacturing defects by video, which is used in a manufacturing device that repeatedly performs the same processing on a workpiece that is transported without changing the order along the transport direction, and which is used in a manufacturing device to confirm the occurrence of manufacturing defects by video,
- a video capture means for capturing video data relating to the workpiece itself or processing of the workpiece, the video capture means being arranged along the conveying path of the workpiece and consisting of a plurality of still frame image data stored in chronological order;
- An inspection means for determining whether or not at least one of the workpiece itself and the processing performed on the workpiece is acceptable; a target data storage means for extracting and storing predetermined target data from the video data in response to a determination of a defect by the inspection means,
- the manufacturing equipment status checking system is characterized in that the target data storage means is configured to extract and store as the target data a predetermined range of the video data that is related to the defect judgment by the inspection means and that is located a number of frames back from the
- the target data storage means extracts and stores predetermined target data from the video data obtained by the video capture means.
- this target data still frame image data from the video data when a trigger occurs (when a defective judgment is made) is used as a reference, and a predetermined range of data located a number of frames back from the video capture means related to the defective judgment by the inspection means that corresponds to the amount of work transported to the inspection means is extracted as the target data.
- target data is extracted from the video data based on the amount of work transport, not time. Therefore, video data necessary for understanding the cause and time of occurrence of a malfunction can be pinpoint extracted as target data from the video data, and the necessary video data can be obtained more reliably and easily. In addition, because the target data is extracted based on the amount of work transport, the video data necessary for understanding the cause of the malfunction, etc. can be obtained more reliably even in cases where there is a fluctuation in the work transport speed.
- a master encoder capable of generating at least a reference number of rotations and a phase related to the transport of the workpiece
- the moving image capturing means is configured to start capturing the moving image data in response to activation of the master encoder, and to end capturing the moving image data in response to deactivation of the master encoder
- the manufacturing equipment status confirmation system according to the first aspect of the present invention is characterized in that it has a retroactive frame number derivation means capable of deriving the retroactive frame number based on the number of rotations and phase generated by the master encoder.
- a master encoder that can generate at least the reference rotation speed and phase for the transport of the workpiece.
- the video capture means starts capturing video data in accordance with the start of the master encoder, and ends capturing the video data in accordance with the stop of the master encoder. Therefore, the multiple still frame image data that constitute the video data are associated with the rotation speed and phase of the master encoder.
- the retrospective frame number derivation means then derives the number of retrospective frames based on the number of rotations and phase generated by the master encoder. Therefore, as described above, since the video data corresponds to a plurality of still frame image data and the number of rotations and phase of the master encoder, the number of retrospective frames that matches this video data can be more accurately derived. As a result, the video data required to understand the cause of a malfunction, etc., can be obtained more reliably as target data.
- the moving image data obtained by the moving image shooting means is stored in a predetermined ring buffer in a format in which a real-time time code indicating the time when the still frame image data was obtained is added to each still frame image data, a conversion means for converting the number of rotations and the phase generated by the master encoder into the real-time time code using a conversion table indicating a correspondence relationship between the number of rotations and the phase generated by the master encoder and the real-time time code,
- the manufacturing equipment status checking system described in means 2 is characterized in that the target data storage means is configured to convert the rotation speed and phase generated by the master encoder into the real time time code by the conversion means, and to extract and store the target data from the video data stored in the ring buffer using the real time time code.
- the video data is stored in a ring buffer. This makes it possible to save memory space for storing video data.
- the video data contains information about the time when the still frame image data was obtained, it is possible to confirm when the malfunction occurred and at what speed the event that caused the malfunction occurred. This makes it possible to take more appropriate measures to prevent malfunctions from occurring.
- the number of rotations and phase generated by the master encoder can be converted into a real-time time code. Then, this real-time time code can be used to extract target data from the video data. Therefore, it is possible to more reliably obtain the video data necessary to understand the cause of the malfunction as the target data.
- the moving image data obtained by the moving image shooting means is stored in a predetermined ring buffer in a format in which a mechanical time code indicating the number of rotations and phase generated by the master encoder at the time when the still frame image data was obtained is added to each of the still frame image data,
- the manufacturing equipment status checking system described in means 2 is characterized in that the target data storage means is configured to extract and store the target data from the video data stored in the ring buffer using the mechanical time code.
- the video data is stored in a ring buffer, so that memory space for storing the video data can be saved.
- the video capture means is provided in a plurality of positions along the conveying direction of the workpiece
- the inspection means includes a means for determining pass/fail for a plurality of inspection items, an imaging means specifying means for specifying, from among the plurality of video imaging means, one related to the inspection item determined to be defective, using a specification table showing a correspondence relationship between the inspection item and the video imaging means related to the inspection item;
- the manufacturing equipment status confirmation system described in means 1 characterized in that the target data storage means is configured to extract and store the target data from the video data obtained by the video shooting means identified by the shooting means identification means.
- the imaging means identification means when a test item is judged to be defective by the imaging means identification means, it is possible to identify one or more video imaging means related to that test item. Then, the target data storage means extracts and stores the target data from one or more pieces of video data obtained by the identified one or more video imaging means. This makes it possible to more easily extract the target data.
- multiple target data can be obtained from the multiple video data obtained by these video capture means. This makes it possible to more easily and accurately grasp the cause of the defect.
- the technical matters related to each of the above means may be combined as appropriate.
- the technical matters related to the above means 2 may be combined with the technical matters related to the above means 3 or 4.
- the technical matters related to the above means 3 or 4 may be combined with the technical matters related to the above means 5.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a PTP sheet.
- FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a PTP sheet.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a PTP film.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a general configuration of a PTP packaging machine and the like.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a confirmation system, etc.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing various devices that operate based on the rotation speed and phase generated by a master encoder.
- 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of rotations and the phase generated by the master encoder and time.
- 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the relationship between the phase in a master encoder and the phase in a first encoder.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a general configuration of a PTP packaging machine and the like.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a confirmation system, etc.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the relationship between the phase in a master encoder and the phase in a second encoder.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the relationship between the phase in the master encoder and the phases in the third and fourth encoders;
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a control device and the like.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining stored video data.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a specification table.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing an example of a retrospective frame number derivation formula for a first inspection device and a second camera. 13 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the transport amount of the container film from the fourth camera to the second inspection device. FIG. 13 is a graph showing an example of a retrospective frame number derivation formula for a second inspection device and a fourth camera. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining stored video data in another embodiment.
- the PTP sheet 1 has a container film 3 with multiple pocket portions 2, and a cover film 4 attached to the container film 3 so as to cover the pocket portions 2.
- the container film 3 is formed from a transparent thermoplastic resin material such as PP (polypropylene) or PVC (polyvinyl chloride).
- the cover film 4 is composed of an opaque material (such as aluminum foil) with a sealant made of polypropylene resin or the like applied to the surface.
- the materials of the films 3 and 4 are not limited to these, and other materials may be used.
- the PTP sheet 1 is manufactured by punching out a strip-shaped PTP film 6 (see Figure 3) formed from a strip-shaped container film 3 and a strip-shaped cover film 4, and is formed in a roughly rectangular shape when viewed from above.
- the PTP sheet 1 has two rows of pockets in the short direction, each row consisting of five pockets 2 arranged along the long direction. Each pocket 2 contains one tablet 5 as the "contents.” The tablets 5 may have various information printed on them.
- the PTP packaging machine 10 corresponds to the "manufacturing device” and the "blister packaging machine.”
- the PTP packaging machine 10 is a device that repeatedly performs the same process on the container film 3, which is the "workpiece” that is transported without changing the order along the transport direction.
- the PTP sheet 1 with the container film 3 also corresponds to the "workpiece.”
- a strip-shaped original sheet of container film 3 is wound into a roll.
- the pull-out end of the rolled container film 3 is guided by a guide roll 13.
- the container film 3 is hung on an intermittent feed roll 14 downstream of the guide roll 13.
- the intermittent feed roll 14 transports the container film 3 intermittently.
- a preheating device 15 and a pocket forming device 16 are disposed between the guide roll 13 and the intermittent feed roll 14 along the transport path of the container film 3. Then, after the container film 3 has been preheated by the preheating device 15 and has become relatively flexible, a number of pockets 2 are formed at predetermined positions on the container film 3 by the pocket forming device 16. The pockets 2 are formed during the intervals between transport operations of the container film 3 by the intermittent feed roll 14.
- the container film 3 sent out from the intermittent feed roll 14 is hung in this order over the tension roll 18, guide roll 19, and film receiving roll 20.
- the film receiving roll 20 transports the container film 3 continuously at a constant speed.
- the tension roll 18 prevents the container film 3 from sagging due to differences in the transport operations of the intermittent feed roll 14 and the film receiving roll 20, and keeps the container film 3 in a constant state of tension.
- a filling device 22 is disposed between the guide roll 19 and the film receiving roll 20 along the transport path of the container film 3.
- the filling device 22 fills each pocket 2 with tablets 5, for example by opening a shutter at predetermined intervals and allowing the tablets 5 to fall freely.
- the original web of cover film 4 formed in a strip shape is wound into a roll on the most upstream side.
- the pull-out end of the rolled cover film 4 is guided toward the heating roll 25 by the guide roll 24.
- the heating roll 25 can be pressed against the film receiving roll 20, and the container film 3 and cover film 4 are fed between the rolls 20, 25. Then, as the films 3, 4 pass between the rolls 20, 25 in a heated and pressed state, the cover film 4 is attached to the container film 3, and the pocket portion 2 is sealed with the cover film 4.
- the PTP film 6 corresponds to a "blister film.”
- the PTP film 6 sent out from the film receiving roll 20 is hung in that order on the tension roll 27 and the intermittent feed roll 28.
- the intermittent feed roll 28 transports the PTP film 6 intermittently.
- the tension roll 27 prevents the PTP film 6 from sagging due to differences in the transport operations of the film receiving roll 20 and the intermittent feed roll 28, and keeps the PTP film 6 in a constant tensioned state.
- the PTP film 6 sent out from the intermittent feed roll 28 is hung in the order of tension roll 31 and intermittent feed roll 32.
- the intermittent feed roll 32 transports the PTP film 6 intermittently.
- the tension roll 31 prevents the PTP film 6 from sagging between the intermittent feed rolls 28 and 32.
- a slit forming device 33 and an engraving device 34 are disposed between the intermittent feed roll 28 and the tension roll 31 along the transport path of the PTP film 6.
- the slit forming device 33 forms a separation slit at a predetermined position on the PTP film 6.
- the engraving device 34 applies an engraving to a predetermined position on the PTP film 6 (e.g., the tag portion). Note that the separation slit and engraving are not shown in Figure 1 etc.
- the PTP film 6 sent out from the intermittent feed roll 32 is hung on the tension roll 35 and continuous feed roll 36 in that order downstream.
- a sheet punching device 37 is disposed between the intermittent feed roll 32 and the tension roll 35 along the transport path of the PTP film 6.
- the sheet punching device 37 has the function of punching out the outer edge of the PTP film 6 into PTP sheet units, in other words, the function of separating the PTP sheet 1 from the PTP film 6.
- the PTP sheet 1 obtained by the sheet punching device 37 is transported by a conveyor 39 and temporarily stored in a finished product hopper 40. However, if a defective PTP sheet 1 is determined to be defective by at least one of the inspection devices C1, C2, C3, and C4 described below, the PTP sheet 1 determined to be defective is not sent to the finished product hopper 40, but is discharged separately by a defective sheet discharge mechanism (not shown).
- a cutting device 42 is disposed downstream of the continuous feed roll 36.
- the unnecessary film portion 43 that constitutes the strip-shaped remaining material portion (scrap portion) after punching by the sheet punching device 37 is guided to the tension roll 35 and the continuous feed roll 36, and then led to the cutting device 42.
- the cutting device 42 cuts the unnecessary film portion 43 to a predetermined size.
- the cut unnecessary film portion 43 (scrap) is stored in a scrap hopper 44 and then disposed of.
- motors M1 to M5 for operating the intermittent feed roll 14, film receiving roll 20, intermittent feed rolls 28, 32, and conveyor 39 described above. Note that below, these may be referred to as “motors M1 to M5.”
- the first motor M1 operates the intermittent feed roll 14 to intermittently transport the container film 3 to be processed by the preheating device 15 and pocket forming device 16.
- the first motor M1 operates when the number of rotations generated by the master encoder EM described below is an even number (or odd number) and the phase (rotation angle) generated by the master encoder EM reaches a predetermined value (angle ⁇ ).
- the first motor M1 operates only once each time the number of rotations of the master encoder EM increases by two. By operating the first motor M1 once, the container film 3 is transported a predetermined length (in this embodiment, the length of two PTP sheets).
- the second motor M2 operates the film receiving roll 20 to continuously transport the container film 3 to which the cover film 4 is attached by the two rolls 20, 25 at a constant speed.
- the number of rotations of the master encoder EM increases by one, and the second motor M2 operates once, transporting the container film 3 by a predetermined length (in this embodiment, the length of one PTP sheet).
- the third motor M3 and the fourth motor M4 are used to intermittently transport the container film 3 to be processed by the slit forming device 33, the marking device 34, and the sheet punching device 37.
- a predetermined value that is, each time the number of rotations of the master encoder EM increases by one
- both motors M3 and M4 operate once, and the container film 3 is transported a predetermined length (in this embodiment, the length of one PTP sheet).
- the fifth motor M5 operates the conveyor 39 to intermittently transport the PTP sheet 1.
- the fifth motor M5 may also be capable of continuously transporting the PTP sheet 1.
- a manufacturing equipment status confirmation system 50 (hereinafter simply referred to as "confirmation system 50") is applied to the PTP packaging machine 10.
- the confirmation system 50 is intended to enable confirmation of the occurrence of defects related to the production of the PTP sheet 1 through images.
- the confirmation system 50 has functions such as a function to determine whether the container film 3 itself and the processing of the container film 3 are good or bad, a function to obtain video data on the container film 3 and the execution status of the processing, and a function to extract and save only the necessary data from the video data.
- the confirmation system 50 is equipped with a master motor MM, a master encoder EM, a control device 60, etc.
- the master motor MM is composed of a servo motor or the like that rotates at a constant speed, and has a specified rotation drive unit (e.g., a motor shaft).
- the starting and stopping of the master motor MM is controlled by the control device 60.
- the operating speed of the master motor MM gradually increases when the PTP packaging machine 10 starts operating, becomes constant after a certain time has elapsed since the PTP packaging machine 10 started operating, and gradually decreases when the PTP packaging machine 10 stops operating, eventually becoming zero.
- the master encoder EM generates the rotation speed and phase that are the basis for controlling the operation of each device in the PTP packaging machine 10.
- the master encoder EM reads the rotation speed and phase related to the rotation drive unit of the master motor MM, and generates the read rotation speed and phase.
- the generated rotation speed and phase are used as a reference for the operation timing of the motors M1 to M5 (i.e., a reference for the timing of conveying the container film 3), a reference for the timing of inspection by the inspection devices C1, C2, C3, and C4 described later, and a reference for the timing of photographing by the cameras R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 described later.
- the master encoder EM generates the rotation speed and phase that are the basis for controlling the operation of the motors M1 to M5, the inspection devices C1, C2, C3, and C4, and the cameras R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 (see FIG. 6).
- the rotation speed and phase generated by the master encoder EM are input to the control device 60.
- the phase and rotation speed generated by the master encoder EM gradually increase when the PTP packaging machine 10 starts operating, increase at a constant speed after a certain time has elapsed since the PTP packaging machine 10 started operating, and gradually decrease when the PTP packaging machine 10 stops operating (see Figure 7).
- the confirmation system 50 is equipped with a first inspection device C1, a second inspection device C2, a third inspection device C3, and a fourth inspection device C4 along the transport path of the container film 3 and the PTP sheet 1.
- these may be referred to as "inspection devices C1 to C4.”
- the inspection devices C1 to C4 each correspond to an "inspection means.”
- Each of the inspection devices C1 to C4 is equipped with an irradiation device, an imaging device, and a judgment device (not shown).
- the irradiation device irradiates the container film 3, tablets 5, PTP sheet 1, etc. with a predetermined light.
- the imaging device captures the container film 3, etc. irradiated with light by the irradiation device.
- the judgment device judges the quality of at least one of the container film 3 itself and the processing applied to the container film 3 based on the image data obtained by the imaging device.
- the first inspection device C1 is provided downstream of the pocket forming device 16 and upstream of the filling device 22, corresponding to the container film 3 that is continuously conveyed (see FIG. 4). After the pocket 2 is formed and before the pocket 2 is filled with tablets 5, the first inspection device C1 inspects the container film 3 for scratches (e.g., pinholes, etc.) and dirt, and for molding defects in the pocket 2. By inspecting for scratches and dirt, it is possible to determine whether the container film 3 itself is good or bad. Furthermore, by inspecting for molding defects in the pocket 2, it is possible to determine whether the container film 3 has been properly processed by the preheating device 15 and the pocket forming device 16.
- scratches e.g., pinholes, etc.
- the second inspection device C2 is provided downstream of the filling device 22 and upstream of the film receiving roll 20 (see Figure 4).
- the second inspection device C2 inspects for the inspection items of whether or not there are “missing tablets” and whether or not there are “standing tablets.”
- Missing tablets refers to a state in which no tablets 5 are contained in the pocket portion 2.
- Standing tablets refers to a state in which the tablets 5 filled in the pocket portion 2 are in an upright position.
- the third inspection device C3 is provided between the film receiving roll 20 and the tension roll 27 (see Figure 4).
- the third inspection device C3 inspects for the presence or absence of "missing tablets” and the presence or absence of "poor sealing".
- "Poor sealing” refers to insufficient attachment of the cover film 4 to the container film 3. By inspecting for "poor sealing”, it is possible to determine whether the attachment process of the cover film 4 to the container film 3 by both rolls 20, 25 is appropriate.
- the fourth inspection device C4 is provided corresponding to the PTP sheet 1 transported by the conveyor 39 (see Figure 4).
- the fourth inspection device C4 inspects for the presence or absence of "punching defects".
- "Punching defects” refer to the occurrence of defects in the punched PTP sheet 1. By inspecting for "punching defects”, it is possible to determine whether the punching process of the PTP film 6 by the sheet punching device 37 is appropriate.
- the pass/fail judgment results from the inspection devices C1 to C4 are sent to the control device 60.
- the timing at which the inspection devices C1 to C4 perform the inspections is controlled by the number of rotations and phase generated by the master encoder EM.
- the verification system 50 includes a first encoder E1, a second encoder E2, a third encoder E3, a fourth encoder E4, and a fifth encoder E5.
- encoders E1 to E5 may be referred to as "encoders E1 to E5.”
- the first encoder E1 is used to acquire the rotation speed and phase of the first motor M1.
- the first encoder E1 is set so that the phase of the master encoder EM advances by 720° (the rotation speed of the master encoder EM increases by 2), and each time the first motor M1 operates once and the container film 3 is intermittently transported a predetermined length (the length of two PTP sheets), the acquired phase advances by 360° and the rotation speed increases by 1 (see Figure 8).
- the second encoder E2 is for acquiring the rotation speed and phase related to the second motor M2.
- the second encoder E2 is set so that the phase of the master encoder EM advances by 360°, and each time the second motor M2 operates continuously and the container film 3 is transported a predetermined length (the length of one PTP sheet), the acquired phase advances by 360° and the rotation speed increases by 1 (see Figure 9). Therefore, the rotation speed and phase acquired by the second encoder E2 are proportional to the amount of container film 3 transported by the second motor M2.
- the third encoder E3 is for acquiring the rotation speed and phase of the third motor M3.
- the fourth encoder E4 is for acquiring the rotation speed and phase of the fourth motor M4.
- Both encoders E3, E4 are set so that the phase of the master encoder EM advances by 360°, and each time each motor M3, M4 operates once and the container film 3 is transported a predetermined length (the length of one PTP sheet), the acquired phase advances by 360° and the rotation speed increases by 1 (see Figure 10).
- the fifth encoder E5 is used to acquire the number of rotations and phase related to the fifth motor M5.
- the fifth encoder E5 is set so that when the fifth motor M5 operates once and the PTP sheet 1 is transported a predetermined distance, the acquired phase advances by 360° and the number of rotations increases by 1.
- the confirmation system 50 is equipped with a first camera R1, a second camera R2, a third camera R3, a fourth camera R4, a fifth camera R5, and a sixth camera R6 along the transport path of the container film 3.
- these may be referred to as “cameras R1 to R6.”
- cameras R1 to R6 are provided separately from the imaging devices of the inspection devices C1 to C4, and each corresponds to a "video capture means.”
- Cameras R1 to R6 are used to obtain video data by photographing the container film 3 before processing, the status of processing of the container film 3, and the container film 3 and tablets 5, whose state and posture may vary depending on the success or failure of the processing.
- the video data relates to the container film 3 itself or the processing of the container film 3, and is composed of multiple still frame image data stored in chronological order.
- the video data obtained by cameras R1 to R6 is input to the control device 60. In this embodiment, one second of video data is composed of 60 still frame image data.
- cameras R1 to R6 start capturing video data when the master encoder EM is started, and stop capturing video data when the master encoder EM is stopped.
- the multiple still frame image data that make up the video data are associated with the rotation speed and phase of the master encoder EM.
- the first camera R1 is installed upstream of the preheating device 15 (see FIG. 4).
- the first camera R1 photographs the container film 3 itself as it is unwound from the original roll.
- the video data obtained by the first camera R1 is used to check whether the container film 3 has any scratches or stains before it is processed.
- the second camera R2 is provided between the preheating device 15 and the pocket forming device 16 (see Figure 4).
- the second camera R2 is a thermo camera, and captures the container film 3 that has been preheated by the preheating device 15.
- the video data obtained by the second camera R2 shows the temperature distribution in the container film 3, and is used to check whether the preheating process for the container film 3 was appropriate.
- the third camera R3 is provided immediately downstream of the pocket forming device 16 (see FIG. 4).
- the third camera R3 photographs the container film 3 on which the pocket 2 has been formed by the pocket forming device 16.
- the video data obtained by the third camera R3 is used to check whether the pocket 2 has been formed appropriately on the container film 3.
- the fourth camera R4 is provided at a position corresponding to the tablet 5 filling position by the filling device 22 (see FIG. 4).
- the fourth camera R4 captures the scene of the tablet 5 being filled into the pocket portion 2, the filled tablet 5, etc.
- the video data obtained by the fourth camera R4 is used to check whether the tablet 5 filling process into the pocket portion 2 was appropriate.
- the fifth camera R5 is provided at a position corresponding to the attachment position of the cover film 4 to the container film 3 (see FIG. 4).
- the fifth camera R5 captures the scene of attaching the cover film 4 to the container film 3.
- the video data obtained by the fifth camera R5 is used to confirm whether the process of attaching the cover film 4 to the container film 3 was appropriate.
- the sixth camera R6 is provided at a position corresponding to the punching position of the PTP film 6 by the sheet punching device 37 (see FIG. 4).
- the sixth camera R6 captures the scene in which the PTP sheet 1 is punched out of the PTP film 6.
- the video data obtained by the sixth camera R6 is used to check whether the punching process on the PTP film 6 was appropriate.
- the control device 60 is responsible for controlling the operation of each device in the PTP packaging machine 10 and the confirmation system 50.
- the control device 60 is equipped with a CPU as a calculation means, a ROM for storing various programs, a RAM for temporarily storing various data such as calculation data and input/output data, a storage medium for long-term storage of various data, an input device for inputting information (e.g., a keyboard, etc.), a display device for displaying various information (e.g., a liquid crystal display, etc.), etc.
- control device 60 includes a motor control unit 61, a camera control unit 62, and an inspection device control unit 63.
- the motor control unit 61 controls the operation of each of the motors M1 to M5 based on the rotation speed and phase generated by the master encoder EM. As a result, each of the motors M1 to M5 operates in the manner described above.
- the camera control unit 62 controls the operation of each of the cameras R1 to R6 based on the number of rotations and phase generated by the master encoder EM. As a result, each of the cameras R1 to R6 starts recording video data in accordance with the start of the master encoder EM, and stops recording video data in accordance with the stop of the master encoder EM, as described above.
- the inspection device control unit 63 controls the timing of inspection by each of the inspection devices C1 to C4 based on the number of rotations and phase generated by the master encoder EM. In this embodiment, each time the phase generated by the master encoder EM reaches a predetermined value, an inspection is performed by each of the inspection devices C1 to C4.
- the control device 60 includes a ring buffer 64, a video storage unit 65, a camera identification unit 66, a target data storage unit 67, a conversion unit 68, and a retrospective frame number derivation unit 69.
- the camera identification unit 66 constitutes the "imaging means identification means”
- the target data storage unit 67 constitutes the "target data storage means”
- the conversion unit 68 constitutes the "conversion means”
- the retrospective frame number derivation unit 69 constitutes the "retrospective frame number derivation means”.
- the ring buffer 64 is made up of the storage medium, and treats a certain information storage area on this storage medium as a ring.
- the ring buffer 64 is configured so that after data has been stored in all information storage areas, it returns to the first information storage area and overwrites the data.
- the video storage unit 65 stores the video data obtained by the cameras R1 to R6. More specifically, the video storage unit 65 stores the video data obtained by the cameras R1 to R6 in the ring buffer 64 in a format in which a real-time time code indicating the time when the still frame image data was obtained is added to each still frame image data (see FIG. 12).
- the real-time time code is composed of the time and the frame number.
- the still frame image data is given a data name consisting of the time and the frame number.
- the frame number is a number between 0 and 59, and indicates the acquisition order of the 60 still frame image data that make up one second of video data.
- the time is obtained using the clock function of the control device 60.
- the camera identification unit 66 identifies, from among the multiple cameras R1 to R6, those related to the inspection items determined to be defective by the inspection devices C1 to C4. In this identification, the camera identification unit 66 uses an identification table (see FIG. 13) that shows the correspondence between the inspection items and the cameras R1 to R6 related to the inspection items, which has been acquired in advance.
- the inspection item of the presence or absence of molding defects involves the second camera R2, which photographs the preheated container film 3, and the third camera R3, which photographs the container film 3 after the pocket portion 2 has been formed. Therefore, the specific table shows that the second camera R2 and the third camera R3 correspond to the inspection item of the presence or absence of molding defects in the pocket portion 2.
- the reason why the second inspection device C2 judges the inspection item of "missing tablets” or "standing tablets” to be defective may be that some kind of malfunction occurred when the tablets 5 were filled by the filling device 22 or when the container film 3 was transported downstream of the filling device 22. Therefore, the inspection item of "missing tablets” or “standing tablets” involves the fourth camera R4, which captures the scene of filling the pocket portion 2 with tablets 5. Therefore, the specific table shows that the fourth camera R4 corresponds to the inspection item of "missing tablets” or "standing tablets”. By checking the video data obtained by the fourth camera R4, it is possible to know that a malfunction occurred at either the time when the tablets 5 were filled by the filling device 22 or when the container film 3 was transported downstream of the filling device 22.
- the target data storage unit 67 is triggered by a defective judgment made by the inspection devices C1 to C4, and extracts and stores specified target data from the video data stored in the ring buffer 64.
- the target data is data that is considered necessary to identify the cause and time of occurrence of a defect. Note that, although in this embodiment, the target data is video data made up of multiple still frame image data, it may also be still image data made up of one still frame image data.
- the target data saving unit 67 uses the still frame image data from the video data when the trigger occurs as a reference, and extracts and saves as target data a "predetermined range" of data that is located a number of frames back.
- the number of retroactive frames here indicates how many frames should be traced back from the current video data in order to extract data related to a defective judgment (target data) from the video data obtained by the cameras R1 to R6 related to the defective judgment when a defective judgment is made by the inspection devices C1 to C4.
- the number of retroactive frames corresponds to the amount of container film 3 (including PTP sheet 1) transported from the cameras R1 to R6 related to the defective judgment by the inspection devices C1 to C4 to the inspection devices C1 to C1 that made the defective judgment.
- the number of retroactive frames is derived by the number of retroactive frames derivation unit 69. The method for deriving the number of retroactive frames will be described later.
- the "predetermined range” corresponds to the time length of the target data and can be changed as appropriate.
- the predetermined range is set to the range between a position going back the number of retroactive frames and a position going back one PTP sheet (i.e., one rotation of the master encoder EM) from that position (see FIG. 14).
- the target data storage unit 67 extracts and stores one or more target data from one or more video data acquired by the cameras R1 to R6 identified by the camera identification unit 66. Therefore, if a defect is determined in the inspection item of whether or not there is a molding defect in the pocket portion 2, one target data is extracted and stored from the video data acquired by the second camera R2, and another target data is extracted and stored from the video data acquired by the third camera R3.
- the conversion unit 68 converts the number of rotations and phase of the master encoder EM that correspond to the specified range into a real-time time code.
- the conversion unit 68 converts the rotation speed and phase of the master encoder EM corresponding to the specified range into a real-time time code using a conversion table (see FIG. 14) that indicates the correspondence between the rotation speed and phase generated by the master encoder EM and the real-time time code.
- the conversion table can be obtained, for example, by acquiring the correspondence between the rotation speed and phase generated by the master encoder EM and the real-time time code while the PTP packaging machine 10 is in operation.
- the target data storage unit 67 uses the real-time time code obtained by the conversion process to extract target data from the video data stored in the ring buffer 64. More specifically, the target data storage unit 67 extracts, from the video data, as target data, multiple still frame image data that have real-time time codes that match the real-time time codes obtained by the conversion process.
- the target data storage unit 67 stores the extracted target data in association with the inspection results from the inspection devices C1 to C4 that triggered the extraction of the target data. For example, if the first inspection device C1 judges a defect in an inspection item such as the presence or absence of molding defects in the pocket portion 2, the inspection result and the target data are stored in association with each other. Note that the image data used in the pass/fail judgment (image data for inspection) may also be stored in association with the target data.
- the target data is stored in an area of the storage medium that is separate from the area that constitutes the ring buffer 64. Therefore, unlike the data stored in the ring buffer 64, the target data will not be erased after a certain period of time has passed.
- the retrospective frame number derivation unit 69 derives the retrospective frame number based on the rotation speed and phase generated by the master encoder EM and a retrospective frame number derivation formula acquired in advance. Some retrospective frame number derivation formulas indicate a fixed value, while others vary depending on the rotation speed and phase of the master encoder EM. A retrospective frame number derivation formula is provided for each combination of the inspection devices C1 to C4 and cameras R1 to R6 associated in the specific table (see FIG. 13). Therefore, there are retrospective frame number derivation formulas relating to the first inspection device C1 and first camera R1, the first inspection device C1 and second camera R2, etc.
- the retrospective frame number derivation formula for the first inspection device C1 and the second camera R2 can be obtained as follows. That is, the container film 3 inspected by the first inspection device C1 is transported a predetermined amount (the amount of one PTP sheet) each time the master encoder EM rotates once, while the container film 3 photographed by the second camera R2 is intermittently transported by the amount of two PTP sheets when the phase of the master encoder EM reaches a predetermined value. Therefore, the transport amount L1 of the container film 3 from the second camera R2 to the first inspection device C1 varies depending on the rotation speed and phase of the master encoder EM (see Figure 15).
- the retrospective frame number derivation formula for the second inspection device C2 and the fourth camera R4 can be obtained as follows. That is, the container film 3 inspected by the second inspection device C2 and the container film 3 photographed by the fourth camera R4 are each continuously transported at a constant speed. Therefore, the transport amount L2 of the container film 3 from the fourth camera R4 to the second inspection device C2 shows a constant value (see Figure 17).
- the retrospective frame number derivation unit 69 derives the retrospective frame number from the retrospective frame number derivation formula using the rotation speed and phase of the master encoder EM at the time when the defective judgment was made. For example, when deriving the retrospective frame number for the first inspection device C1 and the second camera R2, the retrospective frame number for the first inspection device C1 and the second camera R2 can be obtained by substituting the rotation speed and phase of the master encoder EM when the defective judgment was made into the retrospective frame number derivation formula for the first inspection device C1 and the second camera R2.
- the retrospective frame number derivation unit 69 may derive the retrospective frame number using a derivation table acquired in advance.
- the derivation table indicates the correspondence between the retrospective frame number corresponding to the transport amount between the inspection devices C1-C4 and the cameras R1-R6 associated in the specific table, and the rotation speed and phase of the master encoder EM.
- the retrospective frame number derivation unit 69 can derive the retrospective frame number based on this derivation table and the rotation speed and phase of the master encoder EM when a defect is determined.
- the verification system 50 configured as described above operates as follows. That is, when a defective inspection is determined by the inspection devices C1 to C4, the camera identification unit 66 identifies the cameras R1 to R6 related to the inspection item that was determined to be defective. For example, when the first inspection device C1 determines that an inspection item such as the presence or absence of scratches or dirt is defective, the camera identification unit 66 identifies the cameras R1, R2, and R3.
- the retrospective frame number derivation unit 69 also derives the number of retrospective frames. This determines the specified range in the video data [(1) in FIG. 14]. For example, if cameras R1, R2, and R3 are identified by the camera identification unit 66, a different number of retrospective frames is derived for each of these cameras R1, R2, and R3. Then, by deriving the number of retrospective frames, the specified range is determined for each of the video data obtained by cameras R1, R2, and R3.
- the conversion unit 68 converts the number of rotations and phase of the master encoder EM corresponding to the specified range into a real-time time code [(2) in FIG. 14]. For example, if cameras R1, R2, and R3 are identified by the camera identification unit 66, three types of real-time time codes are derived corresponding to the three types of specified ranges.
- the target data storage unit 67 stores the extracted target data in association with the inspection results, etc. By checking the stored target data, etc., the operator can learn the cause and time of the malfunction, and can take more appropriate measures to prevent the malfunction from recurring.
- still frame image data from the video data when a trigger occurs (when a defect is determined) is used as a reference, and a specified range of data located a number of frames back from the cameras R1 to R6 related to the defect determination by the inspection devices C1 to C4 that corresponds to the transport amount of the container film 3 (including the PTP sheet 1) to the inspection devices C1 to C4 is extracted as target data.
- the target data is extracted from the video data based on the transport amount of the container film 3, not on time. Therefore, the video data necessary to understand the cause and timing of a malfunction can be pinpointed and extracted as the target data from the video data, making it possible to obtain the necessary video data more reliably and easily. In addition, because the target data is extracted based on the transport amount of the container film 3, the video data necessary to understand the cause of a malfunction can be obtained more reliably even in cases where there is a fluctuation in the transport speed of the container film 3.
- the video data is stored in the ring buffer 64. This makes it possible to conserve memory space for storing video data.
- the video data contains information about the time when the still frame image data was obtained, it is possible to check when a malfunction occurred and at what speed the event that caused the malfunction occurred. This makes it possible to take more appropriate measures to prevent malfunctions from occurring.
- the camera identification unit 66 can identify one or more cameras R1 to R6 related to that inspection item. Then, the target data storage unit 67 extracts and stores target data from one or more pieces of video data acquired by the identified one or more cameras R1 to R6. This makes it easier to extract the target data.
- the video data obtained by cameras R1 to R6 is stored in the ring buffer 64 in a format in which, for each still frame image data, a real-time time code indicating the time when the still frame image data was obtained is attached.
- the video data obtained by cameras R1 to R6 may be stored in the ring buffer 64 in a format in which, for each still frame image data, a mechanical time code indicating the number of rotations and phase generated by the master encoder EM when the still frame image data was obtained is attached.
- the target data storage unit 67 may then use the mechanical time code to extract and store target data from the video data stored in the ring buffer 64.
- the video data is stored in the ring buffer 64, which saves memory space for storing video data.
- the target data can be extracted from the video data without using the conversion unit 68, the processing load associated with extracting the target data can be reduced.
- the mechanical time code may also include a frame number.
- the master encoder EM reads the rotation speed and phase of the master motor MM and generates the read rotation speed and phase.
- the master encoder EM may read the rotation speed and phase of the second motor that drives the film receiving roll 20, for example, and generate the read rotation speed and phase. Therefore, the second encoder E2 may be configured to also function as the master encoder EM.
- the master encoder EM may also be realized virtually in software.
- the transport mode of the container film 3 in the above embodiment is an example, and this transport mode may be changed as appropriate. Therefore, for example, the container film 3 may be configured to be transported by a length equivalent to multiple PTP sheets by operating both motors M3 and M4 once.
- the container film 3 may be configured to be transported in a predetermined manner without using the rotation speed and phase generated by the master encoder EM.
- the verification system 50 is equipped with four inspection devices C1 to C4, but the number of inspection devices may be changed as appropriate.
- the inspection items may also be changed as appropriate.
- the second inspection device C2 may inspect the tablets 5 for damage.
- tablets 5 are given as the “contents,” but the contents are not limited to tablets.
- tablets include not only medicines but also tablets used for eating and drinking.
- Tablets include plain tablets, sugar-coated tablets, film-coated tablets, enteric-coated tablets, and gelatin-coated tablets, as well as various types of capsule tablets such as hard capsules and soft capsules.
- the shape of the tablet is not limited to a circular shape when viewed from above, but may be, for example, a polygonal shape, an elliptical shape, an oval shape, etc. when viewed from above.
- the configuration of the PTP sheet to be manufactured is not limited to the above embodiment.
- the arrangement and number of pocket portions 2 in each PTP sheet unit are not limited to the above embodiment.
- the PTP film 6 is configured with a number of pocket portions 2 corresponding to one sheet arranged along its width direction, but this is not limited to this, and for example, the PTP film 6 may be configured with a number of pocket portions 2 corresponding to multiple sheets arranged along its width direction.
- the configurations of the preheating device 15 and the pocket portion forming device 16 may be changed according to the configuration of the PTP film 6.
- the transport amount of the container film 3 to be processed by the preheating device 15, etc. may be appropriately changed according to the configuration of the preheating device 15, etc.
- PTP sheet 1 is given as the blister sheet, but the technical concept of the present invention may be applied to blister sheets other than PTP sheet 1.
- the confirmation system 50 is applied to the PTP packaging machine 10, but the manufacturing equipment to which the confirmation system 50 can be applied is not limited to the PTP packaging machine 10 as long as it repeatedly performs the same processing on workpieces that are transported without changing the order along the transport direction.
- the confirmation system 50 may be applied to a sealed pack manufacturing device (for example, the device described in JP 2021-181330 A) that repeatedly performs processes such as storing contents and attaching a lid film to a container (tray) as a "workpiece.”
- the confirmation system 50 may be applied to a board manufacturing device (for example, the board manufacturing system described in JP 2017-15717 A) that repeatedly performs processes such as applying solder, mounting electronic components, and heating and melting the solder (reflow process) to a base board as a "workpiece.”
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Abstract
L'invention concerne un système de confirmation d'état de dispositif de fabrication qui permet d'obtenir de manière plus fiable et plus facile des données vidéo requises pour déterminer des causes de survenue de défaillance, etc. Un système de confirmation 50 comprend : des caméras R1-R6 qui obtiennent des données vidéo constituées de multiples données d'image de trame fixe stockées de manière séquentielle dans le temps ; des dispositifs d'inspection C1-C4 qui déterminent la qualité d'une pièce elle-même et/ou la qualité de traitement effectué sur la pièce ; et une unité de stockage de données cibles 67 qui identifie des données cibles prescrites à partir des données vidéo en faisant appel à une détermination de faible qualité par les dispositifs d'inspection C1-C4 en tant que déclenchement et stocke lesdites données cibles. L'unité de stockage de données cibles 67 identifie, parmi les données vidéo, des données dans une plage prescrite à une position suivie par le nombre de trames de retour correspondant à la quantité de transport de la pièce, en référence à des données d'image de trame fixe au moment de la survenue du déclenchement et stocke lesdites données en tant que données cibles.
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JP2022183111A JP7446392B1 (ja) | 2022-11-16 | 2022-11-16 | 製造装置の状況確認システム |
JP2022-183111 | 2022-11-16 |
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WO2024105924A1 true WO2024105924A1 (fr) | 2024-05-23 |
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PCT/JP2023/024789 WO2024105924A1 (fr) | 2022-11-16 | 2023-07-04 | Système de confirmation d'état de dispositif de fabrication |
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JP (1) | JP7446392B1 (fr) |
TW (1) | TW202422256A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2024105924A1 (fr) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH09311124A (ja) * | 1996-05-22 | 1997-12-02 | Chiyouriyou Kensa Kk | 半自動蛍光磁粉探傷装置 |
JP2001268509A (ja) * | 2000-03-17 | 2001-09-28 | Omron Corp | 画像記録装置及び画像記録システム |
JP2014224763A (ja) * | 2013-05-16 | 2014-12-04 | 住友化学株式会社 | 欠陥検査システム |
JP2016122319A (ja) * | 2014-12-25 | 2016-07-07 | 因幡電機産業株式会社 | 工程監視装置 |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001239686A (ja) | 2000-02-25 | 2001-09-04 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | サーマルプリンタ |
-
2022
- 2022-11-16 JP JP2022183111A patent/JP7446392B1/ja active Active
-
2023
- 2023-07-04 WO PCT/JP2023/024789 patent/WO2024105924A1/fr unknown
- 2023-08-29 TW TW112132462A patent/TW202422256A/zh unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH09311124A (ja) * | 1996-05-22 | 1997-12-02 | Chiyouriyou Kensa Kk | 半自動蛍光磁粉探傷装置 |
JP2001268509A (ja) * | 2000-03-17 | 2001-09-28 | Omron Corp | 画像記録装置及び画像記録システム |
JP2014224763A (ja) * | 2013-05-16 | 2014-12-04 | 住友化学株式会社 | 欠陥検査システム |
JP2016122319A (ja) * | 2014-12-25 | 2016-07-07 | 因幡電機産業株式会社 | 工程監視装置 |
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JP2024072365A (ja) | 2024-05-28 |
TW202422256A (zh) | 2024-06-01 |
JP7446392B1 (ja) | 2024-03-08 |
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