WO2024104472A1 - 一种组合物及其在光电领域的应用 - Google Patents

一种组合物及其在光电领域的应用 Download PDF

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WO2024104472A1
WO2024104472A1 PCT/CN2023/132404 CN2023132404W WO2024104472A1 WO 2024104472 A1 WO2024104472 A1 WO 2024104472A1 CN 2023132404 W CN2023132404 W CN 2023132404W WO 2024104472 A1 WO2024104472 A1 WO 2024104472A1
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group
atoms
organic
light
composition
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French (fr)
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潘君友
祝炬烨
穆赫林豪斯马库斯
穆勒克劳斯
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浙江光昊光电科技有限公司
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C211/00—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
    • C07C211/43—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton
    • C07C211/57—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings being part of condensed ring systems of the carbon skeleton
    • C07C211/61—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings being part of condensed ring systems of the carbon skeleton with at least one of the condensed ring systems formed by three or more rings
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    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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    • C07D403/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing three or more hetero rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D407/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D405/00
    • C07D407/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D405/00 containing three or more hetero rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D409/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
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    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D413/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
    • C07D417/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing three or more hetero rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
    • C07D471/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed systems contains four or more hetero rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
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    • C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
    • C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
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    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • C09K9/00—Tenebrescent materials, i.e. materials for which the range of wavelengths for energy absorption is changed as a result of excitation by some form of energy
    • C09K9/02—Organic tenebrescent materials
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    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
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    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
    • H10K50/12—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers comprising dopants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
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    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of organic optoelectronic materials and devices, and in particular to a composition, an organic functional material film containing the composition, an optoelectronic device, an organic light-emitting device and applications thereof in the optoelectronic field.
  • the narrower the half-peak width of the light entering the human eye the higher the color purity and the brighter the color.
  • Display devices made with red, green and blue primary colors with narrow half-peak width have a large color gamut, realistic images and good image quality.
  • the first method is that the display device actively emits red, green and blue primary colors of light, such as RGB-OLED display.
  • the current mature technology is to use vacuum evaporation of fine metal masks to make three-color light-emitting devices. The process is complex and the cost is high, and it is difficult to achieve a high-resolution display of more than 600ppi.
  • the second method is to use a color converter to convert the single color light emitted by the light-emitting device into multiple colors, thereby achieving full-color display, such as Samsung's blue light OLED plus red and green quantum dot (QD) film as a color converter.
  • QD quantum dot
  • the light-emitting device in this method has a simple process and high yield, and the color converter can be realized through different technologies such as evaporation, inkjet printing, transfer, and lithography. It can be applied to display products with different resolution requirements, as low as 50ppi for large-size TVs and as high as 3000ppi for silicon-based micro displays.
  • inorganic nanocrystals commonly known as quantum dots
  • quantum dots are nanoparticles (especially quantum dots) of inorganic semiconductor materials (InP, CdSe, CdS, ZnSe, etc.) with a diameter between 2nm and 8nm.
  • quantum dots are nanoparticles (especially quantum dots) of inorganic semiconductor materials (InP, CdSe, CdS, ZnSe, etc.) with a diameter between 2nm and 8nm.
  • quantum dots are nanoparticles (especially quantum dots) of inorganic semiconductor materials (InP, CdSe, CdS, ZnSe, etc.) with a diameter between 2nm and 8nm.
  • the half-peak width of the luminescence peak of quantum dots containing Cd is currently between 25nm and 40nm, and the color purity can meet the display requirements of NTSC.
  • the half-peak width of quantum dots without Cd is between 35nm and 75nm.
  • the second type is organic dyes, including various organic conjugated small molecules with chromophores.
  • the extinction coefficient of such organic dyes is generally higher than that of quantum dots, but due to the existence of thermal relaxation within the molecule and the large vibration energy in the organic molecule, the luminescence peak of this type of material is wider, generally with a half-peak width of more than 60nm.
  • the inventor's previous patent application disclosed a color converter with a host-guest combination, in which the host has a high extinction coefficient and the guest has a narrow luminescence spectrum, which provides a new design method for the development of thinner color converters.
  • the stability of the host material including light stability and thermal stability, still needs to be greatly improved.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a composition and its application in the optoelectronic field.
  • the present invention provides a composition, comprising an organic compound H as shown in chemical formula (I) and a luminophore E, wherein 1) the luminescence spectrum of the organic compound H is on the short wavelength side of the absorption spectrum of the luminophore E and at least partially overlaps with each other; 2) the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the luminescence spectrum of the luminophore E is less than or equal to 55 nm;
  • R 101 -R 104 at each occurrence, may be identical or different and be selected from H, D, or a linear alkyl, alkenyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy group having 1 to 20 C atoms, or a branched or cyclic alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy group, silyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms, or a keto group having 1 to 20 C atoms, or an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 20 C atoms, or a 4 to 20 C atoms; wherein the aryloxycarbonyl group is a cyano group (—CN), a carbamoyl group (—C( ⁇ O)NH 2 ), a haloformyl group (—C( ⁇ O)—X wherein X represents a halogen atom), a formyl group (—C( ⁇ O)—H), an isocyano group, an
  • the composition further comprises at least one organic resin and/or a solvent.
  • the present invention also provides an organic functional material film, which comprises a composition as described above, or is prepared using a composition as described above.
  • the present invention also provides a photoelectric device, comprising the composition or the organic functional material film as described above.
  • the present invention also provides an organic light-emitting device, which comprises, from bottom to top, a first electrode, an organic light-emitting layer, a second electrode, a color conversion layer and an encapsulation layer, wherein the second electrode is at least partially transparent, and the color conversion layer at least partially absorbs light emitted by the organic light-emitting layer and transmitted through the second electrode; the color conversion layer comprises a composition as described above, or is prepared using a composition as described above.
  • the organic compound H has high stability, especially photostability; 2) after the organic compound H is formed into a film, its absorption and luminescence spectra have little or no red shift.
  • Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a red, green and blue three-color display device
  • FIG9 Absorption and emission spectra of a thin film of compound 6
  • FIG11 Absorption and emission spectra of a thin film of compound 7;
  • FIG12 Absorption and emission spectra of toluene solution of compound 10;
  • FIG13 Absorption and emission spectra of a thin film of compound 10
  • FIG15 Absorption and emission spectra of the thin film of compound 11;
  • FIG17 Absorption and emission spectra of the thin film of compound 16.
  • FIG19 Absorption and emission spectra of the thin film of compound 17;
  • Figure 20 Absorption and emission spectra of toluene solution of compound 20;
  • FIG21 Absorption and emission spectra of the thin film of compound 20;
  • FIG23 Absorption and emission spectra of the thin film of compound 21;
  • FIG25 Absorption and emission spectra of the thin film of compound 22;
  • FIG27 Absorption and emission spectra of the thin film of compound 23;
  • Figure 28 Absorption and emission spectra of toluene solution of compound 24;
  • FIG29 Absorption and emission spectra of the thin film of compound 24;
  • Figure 30 Absorption and emission spectra of toluene solution of compound 25;
  • FIG31 Absorption and emission spectra of the thin film of compound 25;
  • Figure 32 Absorption and emission spectra of toluene solution of compound 26;
  • FIG33 Absorption and emission spectra of a thin film of compound 26;
  • Figure 40 Absorption attenuation graph of toluene solutions of compounds 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 10, 11, 16, 17, 20, 22, 23, 24, 26 and Comparative Example 2 after UV irradiation;
  • Figure 41 Brightness attenuation diagram of the thin films of Compound 10 and Comparative Example 1 after blue light illumination
  • Figure 42 Spectrum of top-emitting blue OLED + green CCL resin film
  • Figure 43 Spectrum of bottom-emitting blue OLED + green CCL resin film
  • Figure 44 Spectrum of top-emitting blue OLED + red CCL resin
  • Figure 45 Spectral diagram of top-emitting blue OLED + green CCL evaporated film.
  • main material, matrix material, host material and matrix material have the same meaning and can be interchangeable.
  • metal organic complex metal organic complex and organometallic complex have the same meaning and can be used interchangeably.
  • printing ink, ink and ink have the same meaning and can be interchangeable.
  • the present invention provides a composition, comprising an organic compound H as represented by chemical formula (I) and a luminophore E, wherein 1) the luminescence spectrum of the organic compound H is on the short wavelength side of the absorption spectrum of the luminophore E and at least partially overlaps with each other; 2) the FWHM of the luminescence spectrum of the luminophore E is less than or equal to 55 nm;
  • R 101 -R 104 at each occurrence, may be identical or different and may be selected from H, D, or a linear alkyl, alkenyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy group having 1 to 20 C atoms, or a branched or cyclic alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, silyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms, or a cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, silyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms.
  • At least one of the above R 101 -R 104 is selected from one of the chemical formulas (Ia-1)-(Ia-4):
  • R 105 -R 108 are substituents, which may be identical or different at each occurrence and are selected from a linear alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy group having 1 to 20 C atoms, or a branched or cyclic alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy group, silyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms, or a keto group having 1 to 20 C atoms, or an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 20 C atoms, or an aryloxycarbonyl group having 4 to 20 C atoms, or a cyano, carbamoyl, haloformyl, formyl, isocyano, isocyanate, thiocyanate, isothiocyanate, hydroxyl, nitro, CF 3 , Cl, Br, F, I, a cross-linkable group, or a substituted or un
  • R105 - R108 when they appear each time, may be the same or different and selected from a linear alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy group having 1 to 10 C atoms, or a branched or cyclic alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy group, silyl group having 3 to 10 C atoms, or a keto group having 1 to 10 C atoms, or an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 10 C atoms, or an aryloxycarbonyl group having 6 to 10 C atoms, or a cyano group, a carbamoyl group, a haloformyl group, a formyl group, an isocyano group, an isocyanate group, a thiocyanate group, an isothiocyanate group, a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, a CF3 group, a nitro ...
  • a cross-linkable group or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 20 ring atoms, or an aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group having 5 to 20 ring atoms, or an arylamine or heteroarylamine group having 5 to 20 ring atoms, or a combination of these groups, wherein one or more groups can form a monocyclic or polycyclic aliphatic or aromatic ring system with each other and/or with the ring to which the groups are bonded.
  • At least two of the above R 101 -R 104 are the same or different and are selected from one of the chemical formulas (Ia-1)-(Ia-4).
  • At least three of the above R 101 -R 104 are the same or different and are selected from one of the chemical formulas (Ia-1)-(Ia-4).
  • R 101 -R 104 are the same or different and are selected from one of the chemical formulas (Ia-1)-(Ia-4).
  • R 101 to R 104 are selected from the same structural unit.
  • the above R 101 -R 104 are selected from the same structural unit.
  • the luminophore E is as disclosed in the patent application with International Publication No. WO2022213993A1, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference.
  • the FWHM of the light emission spectrum of the luminophore E is ⁇ 50nm, preferably ⁇ 40nm, and more preferably ⁇ 35nm, preferably ⁇ 30nm.
  • the luminescent body E has a fluorescence quantum efficiency (PLQY) of ⁇ 50%, preferably ⁇ 60%, more preferably ⁇ 70%, and most preferably ⁇ 80%.
  • PLQY fluorescence quantum efficiency
  • the luminophore E comprises a structural unit represented by chemical formula (1) or (2) or (3) or (4):
  • Ar 1 -Ar 3 are the same or different and are selected from aromatic or heteroaromatic groups having 5-24 ring atoms;
  • Ar 4 -Ar 5 are the same or different and are selected from empty or aromatic or heteroaromatic groups having 5-24 ring atoms; when Ar 4 -Ar 5 is not empty, X a and X b are independently selected from N, C(R 6 ), Si(R 6 ) at each occurrence, and Ya and Y b are independently selected from B, P ⁇ O, C(R 6 ), Si(R 6 ); when Ar 4 or Ar 5 is empty, X b is selected from N, C(R 6 ), Si(R 6 ), Ya is selected from B, P ⁇ O, C(R 6 ), Si(R 6 ), and X a and Y b are independently selected from N(R 6 ), C(R 6 R 7 ), Si(R 6 R 7 ), C ⁇ O, O, C ⁇ N(R 6 ), C ⁇ C(R 6 R 7 ), P
  • R 1 to R 7 may be identical or different and are selected from H, D, or a linear alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy radical having 1 to 20 C atoms, or a branched or cyclic alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, silyl radical having 3 to 20 C atoms, or a keto radical having 1 to 20 C atoms, or an alkoxycarbonyl radical having 2 to 20 C atoms, or an aryloxycarbonyl radical having 4 to 20 C atoms, or a cyano, carbamoyl, haloformyl, formyl, isocyano, isocyanate, thiocyanate, isothiocyanate, hydroxyl, nitro, CF 3 , Cl, Br, F, I, a cross-linkable group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to
  • R 1 -R 7 at each occurrence, may be identical or different and selected from H, D, or a linear alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy group having 1 to 10 C atoms, or a branched or cyclic alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, silyl group having 3 to 10 C atoms, or a keto group having 1 to 10 C atoms, or an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 10 C atoms, or an aryloxycarbonyl group having 6 to 10 C atoms, or a cyano, carbamoyl, haloformyl, formyl, isocyano, isocyanate, thiocyanate, isothiocyanate, hydroxyl, nitro, CF 3 , Cl, Br, F, I, a crosslinkable group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or heteroaromatic
  • the luminophore E comprises a structural unit represented by the following chemical formula (1a) or (2a) or (3a) or (4a):
  • Ar 1 -Ar 5 , X 1 , X 2 , and R 1 -R 5 are as defined above.
  • X1 and X2 are independently selected from O or S; in some more preferred embodiments, X1 and X2 are both O.
  • At least one of X 1 and X 2 is empty; particularly preferably, both are empty, and the luminophore E is selected from the structural unit represented by the following chemical formula (1b) or (2b) or (3b) or (4b):
  • Ar 1 -Ar 5 and R 1 -R 5 are as defined above.
  • the luminophore E is selected from the structural units represented by the following chemical formula (1c) or (2c) or (3c) or (4c):
  • Ar 1 -Ar 5 and R 1 -R 5 are as defined above.
  • X 1 and X 2 when they appear each time, are identical or different di-bridging groups, and preferred di-bridging groups are:
  • R1, R2, R3 and R4 are defined the same as R 1 above; the dotted bond represents the bond with the adjacent structural unit.
  • aromatic ring systems contain 6 to 20 carbon atoms in the ring system and heteroaromatic ring systems contain 1 to 20 carbon atoms and at least one heteroatom in the ring system, provided that the total number of carbon atoms and heteroatoms is at least 5.
  • the heteroatoms are preferably selected from Si, N, P, O, S and/or Ge, particularly preferably from Si, N, P, O and/or S.
  • aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems include not only systems of aromatic or heteroaromatic radicals, but also systems in which a plurality of aromatic or heteroaromatic radicals may also be interrupted by short non-aromatic units ( ⁇ 10% non-H atoms, preferably less than 5% non-H atoms, such as C, N or O atoms).
  • systems such as 9,9′-spirobifluorene, 9,9-diarylfluorene, triarylamines, diaryl ethers, etc. are likewise considered to be aromatic ring systems for the purposes of the present invention.
  • any H atom of the organic compound H or the emitter E may be substituted by an R 10 group, wherein R 10 is defined as R 105 above, preferably, (1) C1-C10 alkyl, particularly preferably the following groups: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, cyclobutyl, 2-methylbutyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, cyclohexyl, n-heptyl, cycloheptyl, n-octyl, cyclooctyl, 2-methylheptyl, trifluoromethyl, pentafluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, vinyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, cyclopentenyl, hexen
  • aromatic and heteroaromatic ring systems are taken to mean, in particular, in addition to the aryl and heteroaryl radicals mentioned above, biphenylene, terphenylene, fluorene, spirobifluorene, dihydrophenanthrene, tetrahydropyrene and cis- or trans-indenofluorene.
  • Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 1 -Ar 5 are identical or different and are selected from aromatic or heteroaromatic groups having 5 to 20 ring atoms in each occurrence; preferably aromatic or heteroaromatic groups having 5 to 18 ring atoms; more preferably aromatic or heteroaromatic groups having 5 to 15 ring atoms; most preferably aromatic or heteroaromatic groups having 5 to 10 ring atoms; they may be unsubstituted or substituted by one or two R 10 groups.
  • Preferred aryl or heteroaryl groups are benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyridine, benzofuran, pyrene or thiophene.
  • Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 1 -Ar 5 when present at each time, are independently selected from the following structural formulas:
  • X0 is CR11 or N ;
  • R11 , R12 , R13 , R14 and R15 are defined the same as R101 above.
  • Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 1 -Ar 5 when they appear each time, are independently selected from one or a combination of the following chemical formulae, and may be further arbitrarily substituted:
  • Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 1 -Ar 5 are phenyl groups.
  • the luminophore E comprises a structural unit represented by the following chemical formula (1d) or (2d) or (1e) or (2e) or (3d) or (4d 1 ) or (4d 2 ):
  • Ar 1 to Ar 3 , X a , Y b , and R 3 to R 5 have the same meanings as described above.
  • X a in the chemical formula (1d) and (1e) are the same or different and are independently selected from N(R 6 ), C(R 6 R 7 ), Si(R 6 R 7 ), O, and S.
  • Y b in the chemical formulae (2d) and (2e) are the same or different and are independently selected from C ⁇ O, O, S, P( ⁇ O)R 6 , S ⁇ O or SO 2 ; particularly preferably selected from C ⁇ O.
  • X a in the chemical formulae (3d), (4d 1 ) and (4d 2 ) are the same or different and are independently selected from N(R 6 ), C(R 6 R 7 ), Si(R 6 R 7 ), O and S.
  • the luminophore E comprises the structural units represented by the following chemical formulas (1f) to (1i):
  • Y c may be the same or different and may be selected from O or S;
  • Ar 1 -Ar 3 , X a , R 3 -R 5 are as defined above.
  • Ar 2 and Ar 3 are preferably selected from the following structural units, and may be further substituted arbitrarily:
  • R 1 -R 5 when they appear multiple times, may be the same or different and may include the following structural units or combinations thereof:
  • n0 is 1 or 2 or 3 or 4.
  • the luminous body E has the following structure:
  • R21 - R25 may be H, D, or a linear alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy group having 1 to 20 C atoms, or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy group, silyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms, or a keto group having 1 to 20 C atoms, or an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 20 C atoms, or an aryloxycarbonyl group having 4 to 20 C atoms, or a cyano group, a carbamoyl group, a haloformyl group, a formyl group, an isocyano group, an isocyanate group, a thiocyanate group, an isothiocyanate group, a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, a CF3 group, or a nitro group.
  • R 21 -R 25 contains an alcohol-soluble or water-soluble group
  • m and n are independently selected from any integer of 0-4
  • o and q are independently selected from any integer of 0-5
  • p is independently selected from any integer of 0-3.
  • R21 - R25 can be H, D, or a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy, or thioalkoxy group having 1 to 10 C atoms, or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy, or thioalkoxy group, or a silyl group having 3 to 10 C atoms, or a keto group having 1 to 10 C atoms, or an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 10 C atoms, or an aryloxycarbonyl group having 6 to 10 C atoms, or a cyano group, a carbamoyl group, a haloformyl group, a formyl group, an isocyano group, an isocyanate group, a thiocyanate group, an isothiocyanate group, a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, a CF3 group, or a thiocyanate group.
  • a crosslinkable group or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 20 ring atoms, or an aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group having 5 to 20 ring atoms, or a combination of these groups, wherein one or more of the groups can form a monocyclic or polycyclic aliphatic or aromatic ring system with each other and/or with the ring to which the groups are bonded.
  • triplet energy level (T1) and singlet energy level (S1), HOMO, LUMO and resonance factor intensity f play a key role in the energy level structure of organic materials.
  • T1 and S1 singlet energy level (S1), HOMO, LUMO and resonance factor intensity f play a key role in the energy level structure of organic materials.
  • S1 singlet energy level
  • HOMO HOMO
  • LUMO resonance factor intensity
  • HOMO and LUMO energy levels can be measured by photoelectric effects, such as XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) and UPS (ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy) or by cyclic voltammetry (hereafter referred to as CV).
  • photoelectric effects such as XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) and UPS (ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy) or by cyclic voltammetry (hereafter referred to as CV).
  • CV cyclic voltammetry
  • quantum chemical methods such as density functional theory (hereafter referred to as DFT) have also become effective methods for calculating molecular orbital energy levels.
  • DFT density functional theory
  • the triplet energy level T1 of organic materials can be measured by low-temperature time-resolved luminescence spectroscopy, or obtained by quantum simulation calculation (such as by Time-dependent DFT), such as by the commercial software Gaussian 09W (Gaussian Inc.).
  • the simulation method is as follows:
  • the singlet energy level S1 of the organic material can be determined by absorption spectrum or emission spectrum, or obtained by quantum simulation calculation (such as Time-dependent DFT); the resonance factor intensity f can also be obtained by quantum simulation calculation (such as Time-dependent DFT).
  • the absolute values of HOMO, LUMO, T1 and S1 depend on the measurement method or calculation method used. Even for the same method, different evaluation methods, such as the starting point and the peak point on the CV curve, may give different HOMO/LUMO values. Therefore, a reasonable and meaningful comparison should be made using the same measurement method and the same evaluation method.
  • the values of HOMO, LUMO, T1 and S1 are based on the simulation of Time-dependent DFT, but do not affect the application of other measurement or calculation methods.
  • the luminescent body E according to the present invention has (S1-T1) ⁇ 0.30 eV, preferably ⁇ 0.25 eV, more preferably ⁇ 0.20 eV, even more preferably ⁇ 0.15 eV, most preferably ⁇ 0.10 eV.
  • the luminophore E is a small molecule or a polymer.
  • the luminophore E has good solubility in the resin or resin prepolymer.
  • the organic compound H has good solubility in the resin or resin prepolymer.
  • the organic compound H and/or the luminophore E contain at least one alcohol-soluble or water-soluble group, as disclosed in the patent application with international publication number WO2022078434A1, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference.
  • the organic compound H and/or the luminophore E contain at least two alcohol-soluble or water-soluble groups.
  • the organic compound H and/or the luminophore E contain at least three alcohol-soluble or water-soluble groups.
  • the alcohol-soluble or water-soluble groups of the organic compound H and/or the luminophore E are selected from alcohols, aldehydes, acids, crown ethers, polyethers, primary amines and the like.
  • the alcohol-soluble or water-soluble group is selected from the following structure:
  • R 31 -R 37 can be a linear alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy group having 1 to 20 C atoms, or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, silyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms, or a substituted keto group having 1 to 20 C atoms, or an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 20 C atoms, or an aryloxycarbonyl group having 4 to 20 C atoms, or a cyano, carbamoyl, haloformyl, formyl, isocyano, isocyanate, thiocyanate, isothiocyanate, hydroxyl, nitro, CF 3 , Cl, Br, F, a cross-linkable group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40 ring atoms, or an aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group having 5 to 40 ring atoms,
  • R is selected from alkyl radicals having 1 to 40 C atoms, preferably from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, cyclobutyl, methylbutyl, n-pentyl, sec-pentyl, cyclopentyl, n-hexyl, cyclohexyl, n-heptyl, cycloheptyl, n-octyl, cyclooctyl, ethylhexyl, trifluoromethyl, pentafluoroethyl, trifluoroethyl, vinyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl,
  • luminophore E examples are given below, but are not limited thereto, and may be further substituted arbitrarily:
  • the organic compound H and/or the luminophore E contain at least one cross-linkable group, as disclosed in the patent application with International Publication Number WO2022078431A1, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference; the advantage of this is that when the resin prepolymer undergoes copolymerization or homopolymerization, the luminophore E may at least partially participate in the polymerization.
  • the organic compound H and/or the luminophore E contain at least two cross-linkable groups.
  • the organic compound H and/or the luminophore E contain at least three cross-linkable groups.
  • the organic compound H can be polymerized to form a polymer. That is, the composition according to the present invention comprises the organic compound H and the luminophore E, or comprises the polymer and the luminophore E, or comprises the organic compound H, the polymer and the luminophore E.
  • the polymer is a side chain polymer.
  • the luminophore E is a polymer comprising at least one repeating structural unit represented by chemical formula (1) or (2).
  • the polymer is a side chain polymer, as disclosed in the patent application with international publication number WO2022078456A1, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference.
  • the luminophore E may be further selected from compounds (derivatives of fluoroborylpyrrole (Bodipy)) having the following structural formula:
  • X is CR 9 or N;
  • R 1 -R 9 are each independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, alkynyl, hydroxyl, thiol, alkoxy, alkylthio, aryl ether, aryl thioether, aryl, heteroaryl, halogen, cyano, aldehyde, carbonyl, carboxyl, oxycarboxyl, carbamoyl, amino, nitro, silyl, siloxane, borane, phosphine oxide, and R 1 -R 9 can form a condensed ring and an aliphatic ring with adjacent substituents.
  • Bodipy derivatives include, but are not limited to:
  • At least one of R 101 -R 104 is selected from the group consisting of: -(Ia-6):
  • Ar 2 is as defined above;
  • Ar 3 is the same or different and is selected from an aromatic or heteroaromatic group having 8 to 24 ring atoms, which may be further substituted;
  • Ar 4 or Ar 5 may be the same or different and is selected from an aromatic or heteroaromatic group having 5 to 24 ring atoms, and the chemical formula (Ia-6) contains at least one electron withdrawing group;
  • R 105 is as defined above; * represents the connection site with pyrene.
  • Ar 4 or Ar 5 contains at least one electron withdrawing group, that is, Ar 4 or Ar 5 is selected from an electron withdrawing group or is substituted by an electron withdrawing group.
  • the organic compound H comprises two electron withdrawing groups.
  • the organic compound H contains three electron-withdrawing groups.
  • the organic compound H contains three or more electron-withdrawing groups.
  • the electron withdrawing group may be selected from F, cyano or one of the following groups:
  • n1 is 1, 2 or 3
  • X1 - X10 are selected from CR60 or N, and at least one of them is N, but two adjacent Xs cannot be N at the same time
  • R40 , R50 , R60 and R70 have the same meanings as R1 above.
  • suitable electron withdrawing groups include, but are not limited to, F, Cl, cyano, partially or fully fluorinated alkyl chains, or one of the following groups:
  • the organic compound H contains -F.
  • the organic compound H contains -CN.
  • the organic compound H contains the following group:
  • Ar 3 in chemical formula (Ia-5) is selected from the following groups, which may be further substituted:
  • At least two of the above R 101 -R 104 are the same or different and are selected from one of the chemical formulas (Ia-1)-(Ia-6).
  • At least three of the above R 101 -R 104 are the same or different and are selected from one of the chemical formulas (Ia-1) to (Ia-6).
  • the above R 101 -R 104 are the same or different and are selected from one of the chemical formulas (Ia-1)-(Ia-6).
  • the organic compound H has a relatively high extinction coefficient.
  • the extinction coefficient is also called the molar extinction coefficient, which refers to the extinction coefficient when the concentration is 1 mol/L, represented by the symbol ⁇ , unit: Lmol -1 cm -1 , preferred extinction coefficient: ⁇ 1*10 3 ; more preferred: ⁇ 1*10 4 ; more preferred: ⁇ 2*10 4 ; more preferred: ⁇ 3*10 4 ; particularly preferred: ⁇ 5*10 4 ; most preferred: ⁇ 1*10 5 .
  • the extinction coefficient refers to the extinction coefficient at the wavelength corresponding to the absorption peak.
  • the absorption spectrum of the organic compound H is between 380 nm and 500 nm.
  • the luminescence spectrum of the organic compound H is between 460 nm and 510 nm.
  • the wavelength corresponding to the peak of the luminescence spectrum of the organic compound H is less than 500 nm.
  • the luminescence spectrum of the organic compound H is between 500nm-580nm.
  • the energy structure of organic compounds has an important influence on their photoelectric properties and stability.
  • (HOMO-1) is defined as the second highest occupied orbital energy level
  • (HOMO-2) is the third highest occupied orbital energy level
  • (LUMO+1) is defined as the second lowest unoccupied orbital energy level
  • (LUMO+2) is the third lowest occupied orbital energy level, and so on.
  • the organic compound H has a larger resonance factor f(Sn) (n ⁇ 1); generally f(S1) ⁇ 0.10, preferably ⁇ 0.20, more preferably ⁇ 0.30, even more preferably ⁇ 0.40, particularly preferably ⁇ 0.50, most preferably ⁇ 0.60.
  • the resonance factor f(Sn) can be calculated by the following method.
  • f(S1) is ⁇ 0.70, preferably ⁇ 0.80, more preferably ⁇ 0.90, even more preferably ⁇ 1.00, particularly preferably ⁇ 1.2, most preferably ⁇ 1.6.
  • the organic compound H has a relatively low HOMO, which is generally ⁇ -4.6 eV, preferably ⁇ -4.7 eV, more preferably ⁇ -4.8 eV, even more preferably ⁇ -4.9 eV, particularly preferably ⁇ -5.1 eV, and most preferably ⁇ -5.2 eV.
  • the organic compound H has a high solubility in an organic solvent.
  • the solubility of the organic compound H is generally ⁇ 10 mg/mL, preferably ⁇ 20 mg/mL, more preferably ⁇ 40 mg/mL, more preferably ⁇ 70 mg/mL, even more preferably ⁇ 100 mg/mL, and most preferably ⁇ 150/mL.
  • the absorption spectrum of the luminophore E and the emission spectrum of the organic compound H have a large overlap, and a relatively efficient energy transfer can be achieved between them ( resonance energy transfer (FRET).
  • FRET resonance energy transfer
  • the luminescence spectrum of the composition is completely from the luminophore E, that is, complete energy transfer is achieved between the luminophore E and the organic compound H.
  • the composition comprises two or more organic compounds H.
  • the organic compound H is selected from one of the chemical formulas (1)-(1e) or (2)-(2e).
  • the weight ratio of the organic compound H to the luminophore E is from 50:50 to 99:1, preferably from 60:40 to 98:2, more preferably from 70:30 to 97:3, and most preferably from 80:20 to 95:5.
  • the present invention also relates to another composition Z2, comprising an organic compound H2, a luminophore D2 and an organic resin, characterized in that: 1) the emission spectrum of the organic compound H2 is on the short wavelength side of the absorption spectrum of the luminophore D2, and at least partially overlaps with each other; 2) the luminophore D2 contains the structural unit shown in the above chemical formula (3) or (4).
  • the organic compound H2 is selected from compounds having structural units represented by one of the following chemical formulas (1) to (4),
  • u and w are independently selected from natural numbers from 1 to 10
  • v and x are independently selected from natural numbers from 1 to 12,
  • the compound H2 contains at least one alcohol-soluble or water-soluble group, as disclosed in the prior Chinese patent application number PCT/CN2022/085363; in another embodiment, the compound H2 contains at least one cross-linkable group, as disclosed in the prior Chinese patent application number PCT/CN2022/085362; these two patent documents are hereby incorporated into this article for reference.
  • the luminophore D2 is selected from the above-mentioned chemical formulas (3a), (4a), (3b), (4b), (3c), (4c), (3d), (4d 1 ), (4d 2 ).
  • the composition according to the invention or another composition Z2 further comprises an organic resin and/or a solvent.
  • the organic resin is a resin prepolymer or a resin formed after crosslinking or curing thereof.
  • the composition according to the invention or another composition Z2 further comprises an organic resin; in a preferred embodiment, the composition comprises two or more organic resins.
  • Organic resins suitable for the present invention include, but are not limited to, polystyrene, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polycarbonate, polyurethane, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, polybutylene, polyethylene glycol, polysiloxane, polyacrylate, epoxy resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), polystyrene-acrylonitrile (SAN), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl butyrate (PVB), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyamide, polyoxymethylene, polyimide, polyetherimide or a mixture thereof.
  • organic resins suitable for the present invention include but are not limited to those formed by homopolymerization or copolymerization of the following monomers (resin prepolymers): styrene derivatives, acrylate derivatives, acrylonitrile derivatives, acrylamide derivatives, vinyl ester derivatives, vinyl ether derivatives, maleimide derivatives, and conjugated diene derivatives.
  • styrene derivatives are alkylstyrenes such as ⁇ -methylstyrene, o-, m- and p-methylstyrene, p-butylstyrene, especially p-tert-butylstyrene, and alkoxystyrenes such as p-methoxystyrene, p-butoxystyrene and p-tert-butoxystyrene.
  • alkylstyrenes such as ⁇ -methylstyrene, o-, m- and p-methylstyrene
  • p-butylstyrene especially p-tert-butylstyrene
  • alkoxystyrenes such as p-methoxystyrene, p-butoxystyrene and p-tert-butoxystyrene.
  • acrylate derivatives include methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-propyl acrylate, n-propyl methacrylate, isopropyl acrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl acrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, sec-butyl acrylate, sec-butyl methacrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, tert-butyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl acrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl methacrylate, 3-hydroxybutyl methacrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl
  • acrylonitrile derivatives are: acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, ⁇ -chloroacrylonitrile and vinylidene cyanide;
  • acrylamide derivatives are acrylamide, methacrylamide, ⁇ -chloroacrylamide, N-2-hydroxyethylacrylamide and N-2-hydroxyethylmethacrylamide;
  • vinyl ester derivatives are: vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate and vinyl benzoate;
  • vinyl ether derivatives are vinyl methyl ether, vinyl ethyl ether and allyl glycidyl ether;
  • maleimide derivatives are maleimide, benzylmaleimide, N-phenylmaleimide and N-cyclohexylmaleimide;
  • conjugated diene derivatives are: 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, and chloroprene;
  • the homopolymer or copolymer can be prepared by free radical polymerization, cationic polymerization, anionic polymerization or organometallic catalytic polymerization (such as Ziegler-Natta catalysis).
  • the polymerization process can be suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, solution polymerization or bulk polymerization.
  • the organic resin generally has an average molar mass Mn (determined by GPC) of 10 000 to 1 000 000 g/mol, preferably 20 000 to 750 000 g/mol, more preferably 30 000 to 500 000 g/mol.
  • the organic resin is a thermosetting resin or an ultraviolet (UV) curable resin. In some embodiments, the organic resin is cured using a method that will facilitate roll-to-roll processing.
  • thermosetting resins require curing, during which they undergo an irreversible molecular crosslinking process, which renders the resin infusible.
  • the thermosetting resin is an epoxy resin, a phenolic resin, a vinyl resin, a melamine resin, a urea-formaldehyde resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, a polyurethane resin, an allyl resin, an acrylic resin, a polyamide resin, a polyamide-imide resin, a phenolamine polycondensation resin, a urea-melamine polycondensation resin, or a combination thereof.
  • the thermosetting resin is an epoxy resin.
  • Epoxy resins are easy to cure without volatile emissions or byproducts from a wide range of chemicals. Epoxy resins are also compatible with most substrates and tend to wet the surface easily. See Boyle, M.A. et al., "Epoxy Resins", Composites, Vol. 21, ASM Handbook, pages 78-89 (2001).
  • the organic resin is a silicone thermosetting resin.
  • the silicone thermosetting resin is 0E6630A or 0E6630B (Dow Corning Corporation, Auburn, Michigan).
  • a thermal initiator is used.
  • the thermal initiator is AIBN [2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile)] or benzoyl peroxide.
  • UV curable resins are polymers that cure and harden quickly when exposed to light of a specific wavelength.
  • UV curable resins are resins having free radical polymerizable groups and cationic polymerizable groups as functional groups.
  • the free radical polymerizable groups are, for example, (meth)acryloyloxy groups, vinyloxy groups, styryl groups, or vinyl groups;
  • the cationic polymerizable groups are, for example, epoxy groups, thioepoxy groups, vinyloxy groups, or oxetane groups.
  • the UV curable resin is a polyester resin, a polyether resin, a (meth)acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, a polyurethane resin, an alkyd resin, a spiroacetal resin, a polybutadiene resin, or a thioolefin resin.
  • the UV curable resin is selected from polyurethane acrylate, allyloxylated cyclohexyl diacrylate, bis(acryloxyethyl)hydroxyisocyanurate, bis(acryloxyneopentyl glycol) adipate, bisphenol A diacrylate, bisphenol A dimethacrylate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate, 1,3-butanediol diacrylate, 1,3-butanediol dimethacrylate, dicyclopentyl diacrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, dipentaerythritol monohydroxypentaacrylate, di(trimethylolpropane) tetraacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, glyceryl methacrylate, 1,6-hexanedi
  • the UV curable resin is a thiol functional compound that can be crosslinked with an isocyanate, epoxy resin, or unsaturated compound under UV curing conditions.
  • the thiol functional compound is a polythiol.
  • the polythiol is pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-mercaptopropionate) (PETMP); trimethylolpropane tris (3-mercaptopropionate) (TMPMP); ethylene glycol di (3-mercaptopropionate) (GDMP); tris [25- (3-mercapto-propionyloxy) ethyl] isocyanurate (TEMPIC); dipentaerythritol hexa (3-mercaptopropionate) (Di-PETMP); ethoxylated trimethylolpropane tris (3-mercaptopropionate) (ETTMP 1300 and ETTMP 700); polycaprolactone tetrakis (3-mercaptopropionate) (PCL4MP1350); pentaerythritol tetrakis mercaptoacetate (PETMA); trimethylolpropane tris mercaptoacetate (TMPMA); or
  • the UV curable resin further comprises a photoinitiator.
  • the photoinitiator will initiate a crosslinking and/or curing reaction of the photosensitive material during exposure to light.
  • the photoinitiator is acetophenone-based, benzoin-based or thioxanthone-based.
  • the UV curable resin comprises a mercapto functional compound and a methacrylate, an acrylate, an isocyanate, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the UV curable resin comprises a polythiol and a methacrylate, an acrylate, an isocyanate, or a combination thereof.
  • the photoinitiator is MINS-311RM (Minuta Technology Co., Ltd (Korea)).
  • the photoinitiator is 127. 184. 184D, 2022, 2100, 250, 270, 2959, 369, 369EG, 379, 500, 651, 754, 784, 819, 819DW, 907, 907FF, OxeOl, TPO-L, 1173, 1173D, 4265, BP or MBF (BASF Corporation, Wyandotte, Michigan).
  • the photoinitiator is TPO (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphine oxide) or MBF (methyl benzoylformate).
  • the organic resin is present in an amount by weight percentage (weight/weight) of about 20% to about 99%, about 20% to about 95%, about 20% to about 90%, about 20% to about 85%, about 20% to about 80%, about 20% to about 70%, about 20% to about 60%, about 40% to about 99%, about 40% to about 95%, about 40% to about 90%, about 40% to about 85%, about 40% to about 80%, about 40% to about 70%, about 70% to about 99%, about 70% to about 95%, about 70% to about 90 ...5%, about 70% to about 90%, about 70% to about 90%, about 70% to From about 70% to about 85%, from about 70% to about 80%, from about 80% to about 99%, from about 80% to about 95%, from about 80% to about 90%, from about 80% to about 85%, from about 85% to about 99%, from about 85% to about 95%, from about 85% to about 90%, from about 90% to about 99%, from about 90% to about 95%, or from about 95% to about 99%.
  • the invention further relates to a composition or another composition Z2 comprising at least one solvent.
  • the composition according to the invention is a solution.
  • composition according to the invention or the further composition Z2 is a suspension.
  • composition in the embodiment of the present invention may include 0.01wt% to 20wt% of the luminophore E, preferably 0.1wt% to 30wt%, more preferably 0.2wt% to 20wt%, and most preferably 2wt% to 15wt% of the luminophore E.
  • composition Z2 in the embodiment of the present invention may include 0.01wt% to 20wt% of the luminophore D2, preferably 0.1wt% to 30wt%, more preferably 0.2wt% to 20wt%, and most preferably 2wt% to 15wt% of the luminophore D2.
  • a color conversion layer can be formed by inkjet printing, transfer printing, photolithography and the like.
  • the organic compound H i.e., color conversion material
  • the mass concentration of the organic compound H (i.e., color conversion material) in the ink is not less than 0.1wt%.
  • the color conversion ability of the color conversion layer can be improved by adjusting the concentration of the color conversion material in the ink and the thickness of the color conversion layer. Generally speaking, the higher the concentration or the thicker the thickness of the color conversion material, the higher the color conversion rate of the color conversion layer.
  • the solvent is selected from water, alcohol, ester, aromatic ketone or aromatic ether, aliphatic ketone or aliphatic ether, or inorganic ester compounds such as borate or phosphate, or a combination of two or more solvents.
  • suitable and preferred solvents are aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons, amines, thiols, amides, nitriles, esters, ethers, polyethers, alcohols, diols or polyols.
  • alcohols represent an appropriate class of solvents.
  • Preferred alcohols include alkyl cyclohexanols, particularly methylated aliphatic alcohols, naphthols, and the like.
  • suitable alcohol solvents include: dodecanol, phenyl tridecanol, benzyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol methyl ether, glycerol, propylene glycol, propylene glycol ethyl ether and the like.
  • the solvent may be used alone or as a combination of two or more organic solvents.
  • organic solvents include, but are not limited to, methanol, ethanol, 2-methoxyethanol, dichloromethane, chloroform, chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, tetrahydrofuran, anisole, morpholine, toluene, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene, 1,4-dioxane, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, 1,2-dichloroethane, 3-phenoxytoluene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetralin, decalin, indene and/or combinations thereof.
  • the solvent is selected from aromatic or heteroaromatic compounds, esters, aromatic ketones or aromatic ethers, aliphatic ketones or aliphatic ethers, alicyclic or olefin compounds, or inorganic ester compounds such as borate or phosphate esters, or a combination of two or more solvents.
  • aromatic or heteroaromatic solvents include, but are not limited to: 1-tetralone, 3-phenoxytoluene, acetophenone, 1-methoxynaphthalene, p-diisopropylbenzene, pentylbenzene, tetralin, cyclohexylbenzene, chloronaphthalene, 1,4-dimethylnaphthalene, 3-isopropylbiphenyl, p-methylisopropylbenzene, dipentylbenzene, o-diethylbenzene, m-diethylbenzene, p-diethylbenzene, 1,2,3,4-tetramethylbenzene, 1,2,3,5-tetramethylbenzene, 1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene, butylbenzene, dodecylbenzene, 1-methylnaphthalene, 1,2,4 -Trichlorobenzene, 1,3
  • suitable and preferred solvents are aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic hydrocarbons, amines, thiols, amides, nitriles, esters, ethers, polyethers.
  • a composition or another composition Z2 according to the present invention contains at least 50 wt % of an alcohol solvent; preferably at least 80 wt % of an alcohol solvent; particularly preferably at least 90 wt % of an alcohol solvent.
  • the solvents particularly suitable for the present invention are solvents having a Hansen solubility parameter within the following ranges:
  • ⁇ d (dispersion force) is in the range of 17.0-23.2 MPa 1/2 , especially in the range of 18.5-21.0 MPa 1/2 ;
  • ⁇ p (polar force) is in the range of 0.2-12.5 MPa 1/2 , especially in the range of 2.0-6.0 MPa 1/2 ;
  • ⁇ h (hydrogen bonding force) is in the range of 0.9-14.2 MPa 1/2 , especially in the range of 2.0-6.0 MPa 1/2 .
  • the solvent should be selected considering its boiling point parameter.
  • the boiling point of the solvent is ⁇ 150°C; preferably ⁇ 180°C; more preferably ⁇ 200°C; more preferably ⁇ 250°C; most preferably ⁇ 275°C or ⁇ 300°C. Boiling points within these ranges are beneficial for preventing nozzle clogging of the inkjet print head.
  • the solvent can be evaporated from the solvent system to form a film containing functional materials.
  • composition according to the present invention :
  • the surface tension parameters of the resin (prepolymer) or organic solvent should be considered when selecting.
  • the appropriate surface tension parameters are suitable for a specific substrate and a specific printing method.
  • the surface tension of the resin (prepolymer) or organic solvent at 25° C. is about 19 dyne/cm to 50 dyne/cm; more preferably, it is in the range of 22 dyne/cm to 35 dyne/cm; and most preferably, it is in the range of 25 dyne/cm to 33 dyne/cm.
  • the surface tension of the composition according to the present invention or another composition Z2 at 25°C is approximately in the range of 19 dyne/cm to 50 dyne/cm; more preferably in the range of 22 dyne/cm to 35 dyne/cm; and most preferably in the range of 25 dyne/cm to 33 dyne/cm.
  • the viscosity of the composition according to the present invention or another composition Z2 at 25°C is about 1 cps to 100 cps; more preferably, it is in the range of 1 cps to 50 cps; most preferably, it is in the range of 1.5 cps to 20 cps.
  • the ink obtained from the resin (prepolymer) or organic solvent that satisfies the above-mentioned boiling point, surface tension parameters and viscosity parameters can form a functional material film with uniform thickness and composition properties.
  • the present invention further relates to an organic functional material film, which comprises a composition as described above, or is prepared using a composition as described above.
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing the organic functional material film, comprising the following steps:
  • the composition on a substrate to form a thin film by printing or coating, wherein the printing or coating method is selected from inkjet printing, nozzle printing, letterpress printing, screen printing, dip coating, spin coating, doctor blade coating, roller printing, twist roller printing, lithography, flexographic printing, rotary printing, spraying, brushing or pad printing, slit extrusion coating.
  • the printing or coating method is selected from inkjet printing, nozzle printing, letterpress printing, screen printing, dip coating, spin coating, doctor blade coating, roller printing, twist roller printing, lithography, flexographic printing, rotary printing, spraying, brushing or pad printing, slit extrusion coating.
  • the obtained film is heated to at least 50° C. or exposed to ultraviolet light to cause a cross-linking reaction and solidify the film.
  • the thickness of the organic functional material film is generally 50nm-100 ⁇ m, preferably 100nm-50 ⁇ m, more preferably 300nm-30 ⁇ m, even more preferably 300nm-10 ⁇ m, and most preferably 300nm-10 ⁇ m.
  • the invention also provides application of the composition and the organic functional material film in optoelectronic devices.
  • the optoelectronic device may be selected from a color converter, an organic light emitting diode (OLED), an organic Photovoltaic cells (OPV), organic light-emitting cells (OLEEC), organic light-emitting field-effect transistors, and organic lasers.
  • OLED organic light emitting diode
  • OCV organic Photovoltaic cells
  • OLED organic light-emitting cells
  • OLED organic light-emitting field-effect transistors
  • organic lasers organic lasers
  • the present invention provides a photoelectric device comprising the above-mentioned composition or organic functional material film.
  • the optoelectronic device is an electroluminescent device, such as a color converter, an organic light emitting diode (OLED), an organic light emitting cell (OLEEC), an organic light emitting field effect tube, a perovskite light emitting diode (PeLED), and a quantum dot light emitting diode (QD-LED), wherein a functional layer comprises a thin film of the above-mentioned organic functional material.
  • the functional layer can be selected from a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron injection layer, an electron transport layer, a light emitting layer, a cathode passivation layer (CPL) and an encapsulation layer (TFE).
  • the optoelectronic device is an electroluminescent device comprising two electrodes, and the functional layer is located on the same side of the two electrodes.
  • the optoelectronic device comprises a light-emitting unit and a color conversion layer (functional layer), wherein the color conversion layer comprises one of the above-mentioned compositions or an organic functional material film.
  • the color conversion layer absorbs ⁇ 60%, preferably ⁇ 50%, more preferably ⁇ 40%, and most preferably ⁇ 30% or more of the light of the light-emitting unit. In these embodiments, multi-color light or even white light can be obtained by the color conversion layer. In a preferred embodiment, the color conversion layer absorbs 95% or more, preferably 97% or more, more preferably 99% or more, and most preferably 99.9% or more of the light of the light-emitting unit.
  • the light-emitting unit is selected from a solid light-emitting device.
  • the solid light-emitting device is preferably selected from LED, organic light-emitting diode (OLED), organic light-emitting cell (OLEEC), organic light-emitting field effect tube, perovskite light-emitting diode (PeLED), quantum dot light-emitting diode (QD-LED) and nanorod LED (nanorod LED, see DOI: 10.1038/srep28312).
  • the light emitting unit emits blue light, which is converted into green light or red light by the color conversion layer.
  • the light emitting unit emits green light, which is converted into yellow light or red light by the color conversion layer.
  • the present invention further relates to a display comprising at least three kinds of pixels, red, green and blue.
  • the blue pixel comprises a blue light emitting unit
  • the red and green pixels comprise a blue light emitting unit and corresponding red and green color conversion layers.
  • the present invention further relates to an organic light-emitting device, which comprises, from bottom to top, a first electrode, an organic light-emitting layer, a second electrode, a color conversion layer, and an outermost encapsulation layer, wherein the second electrode is at least partially transparent, and the color conversion layer at least partially absorbs the light emitted by the organic light-emitting layer that passes through the second electrode, wherein the color conversion layer comprises a composition as described above, or is prepared using a composition as described above.
  • the light emission spectrum of the organic compound H is on the short wavelength side of the absorption spectrum of the luminophore E, and at least partially overlaps with each other.
  • the FWHM of the light emission spectrum of the luminophore E is less than or equal to 55 nm.
  • the light-emitting layer may comprise an organic material, a quantum dot or a perovskite material as a light-emitting material.
  • the organic light emitting device may further include a substrate, which may be located below the first electrode or above the second electrode.
  • the organic compound H and the luminescent body E and their preferred embodiments are as described above.
  • the color conversion layer absorbs ⁇ 60%, preferably ⁇ 50%, more preferably ⁇ 40%, and most preferably ⁇ 30% or more of the light emitted by the organic light emitting layer that passes through the second electrode.
  • the color conversion layer can absorb 95% or more, preferably 97% or more, more preferably 99% or more, and most preferably 99.9% or more of the light emitted by the organic light-emitting layer and transmitted through the second electrode.
  • the thickness of the color conversion layer is between 100 nm and 2 ⁇ m, preferably between 150 nm and 10 ⁇ m, more preferably between 200 nm and 8 ⁇ m, most preferably between 200 nm and 6 ⁇ m, and most preferably between 200 nm and 4 ⁇ m.
  • the organic light emitting device is an OLED. More preferably, the first electrode is an anode and the second electrode is a cathode. Particularly preferably, the organic light emitting device is a top emission OLED.
  • the substrate can be opaque or transparent.
  • a transparent substrate can be used to make a transparent light-emitting device. See, for example, Bulovic et al. Nature 1996, 380, p29, and Gu et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 1996, 68, p2606.
  • the substrate can be rigid or flexible.
  • the substrate can be plastic, metal, semiconductor wafer or glass.
  • the substrate has a smooth surface. Surface.
  • a substrate without surface defects is particularly desirable.
  • the substrate is flexible and can be selected from a polymer film or plastic with a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 150°C or more, preferably over 200°C, more preferably over 250°C, and most preferably over 300°C.
  • Tg glass transition temperature
  • suitable flexible substrates are polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene glycol (2,6-naphthalene) (PEN).
  • the anode may include a conductive metal or metal oxide, or a conductive polymer.
  • the anode can easily inject holes into the hole injection layer (HIL) or the hole transport layer (HTL) or the light-emitting layer.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the work function of the anode and the HOMO energy level or valence band energy level of the light emitter in the light-emitting layer or the p-type semiconductor material as the HIL or HTL or the electron blocking layer (EBL) is less than 0.5 eV, preferably less than 0.3 eV, and most preferably less than 0.2 eV.
  • anode materials include, but are not limited to, Al, Cu, Au, Ag, Mg, Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, Pd, Pt, ITO, aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), etc.
  • suitable anode materials are known and can be easily selected for use by a person skilled in the art.
  • the anode material can be deposited using any suitable technique, such as a suitable physical vapor deposition method, including radio frequency magnetron sputtering, vacuum thermal evaporation, electron beam (e-beam), etc.
  • the anode is patterned. Patterned ITO conductive substrates are commercially available and can be used to prepare devices according to the present invention.
  • the cathode may include a conductive metal or metal oxide.
  • the cathode can easily inject electrons into the EIL or ETL or directly into the light-emitting layer.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the work function of the cathode and the LUMO energy level or conduction band energy level of the luminophore in the light-emitting layer or the n-type semiconductor material as the electron injection layer (EIL) or the electron transport layer (ETL) or the hole blocking layer (HBL) is less than 0.5 eV, preferably less than 0.3 eV, and most preferably less than 0.2 eV.
  • cathode materials examples include, but are not limited to, Al, Au, Ag, Ca, Ba, Mg, LiF/Al, MgAg alloy, BaF2 /Al, Cu, Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, Pd, Pt, ITO, etc.
  • the cathode material can be deposited using any suitable technique, such as a suitable physical vapor deposition method, including radio frequency magnetron sputtering, vacuum thermal evaporation, electron beam (e-beam), etc.
  • the cathode has a transmittance of ⁇ 40% in the range of 400nm-680nm, preferably ⁇ 45%, more preferably ⁇ 50%, and most preferably ⁇ 60%.
  • Mg:Ag alloy of 10nm-20nm can be used as a transparent cathode, and the ratio of Mg:Ag can be from 2:8 to 0.5:9.5.
  • the light emitting layer preferably comprises a blue fluorescent host and a blue fluorescent guest.
  • the light emitting layer comprises a blue phosphorescent host and a blue phosphorescent guest.
  • the OLED may also comprise other functional layers, such as a hole injection layer (HIL), a hole transport layer (HTL), an electron blocking layer (EBL), an electron injection layer (EIL), an electron transport layer (ETL), and a hole blocking layer (HBL).
  • HIL hole injection layer
  • HTL hole transport layer
  • EBL electron blocking layer
  • EIL electron injection layer
  • ETL electron transport layer
  • HBL hole blocking layer
  • the electroluminescent device may also include a cathode capping layer (CPL for short).
  • CPL cathode capping layer
  • the CPL is located between the second electrode and the color conversion layer.
  • the CPL is located above the color conversion layer.
  • Materials used for CPL generally need to have a higher refractive index n, such as n ⁇ 1.95 @ 460nm, preferably n ⁇ 1.90 @ 520nm, and even better n ⁇ 1.85 @ 620nm.
  • n refractive index
  • Examples of materials used for CPL include:
  • CPL materials More examples can be found in the following patent documents: KR20140128653A, KR20140137231A, KR20140142021A, KR20140142923A, KR20140143618A, KR20140145370A, KR20150004099A, KR20150012835A, US9496520B2, US2015069350A1, CN103828485B, CN104380842B, CN1 05576143A, TW201506128A, CN103996794A, CN103996795A, CN104744450A, CN104752619A, CN101944570A, US2016308162A1, US9095033B2, US2014034942A1, WO2017014357A1; the above patent documents are hereby incorporated into this article for reference.
  • the color conversion layer contains one of the above CPL materials.
  • the color conversion layer is formed by co-evaporation of one of the above CPL materials, the above organic compound H and the luminophore E.
  • the mass ratio of the above organic compound H is 50%-20%, and the mass ratio of the above luminophore E is 3%-15%.
  • the encapsulation layer is a thin film encapsulation (TFE).
  • the present invention further relates to a display panel, wherein at least one pixel comprises the above-mentioned organic light emitting device.
  • the organic light-emitting device can be selected from, but is not limited to, color converters, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs), organic light-emitting cells (OLEECs), organic field effect transistors (OFETs), organic light-emitting field effect transistors, organic lasers, organic spin electronic devices, organic sensors and organic plasmon emitting diodes (Organic Plasmon Emitting Diodes), etc., and particularly preferred are organic electroluminescent devices such as OLEDs, OLEECs, and organic light-emitting field effect transistors.
  • N-phenyl-2-benzidine (73.00 g, 297.23 mmol), 1,3,6,8-tetrabromopyrene (34.2 g, 66.05 mmol), Pd-132 (0.94 g, 1.32 mmol), X-Phos (0.94 g), sodium tert-butoxide (25.36 g, 264.19 mmol), and 1.2 L of xylene were added to a 2000 mL dry and clean three-necked flask, vacuumed and nitrogen filled for three cycles, and then heated to 140 ° C for reflux reaction for 12 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled to room temperature and filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated.
  • the product was dissolved in hot toluene and passed through a heat-insulated silica gel column while hot. The filtrate was collected and concentrated to obtain 16.7 g of solid powder.
  • the filter cake was purified by dichloromethane and extracted three times with saturated brine and concentrated. The organic phases were combined to obtain 35 g of crude product.
  • the crude product was recrystallized with 3 L of xylene to obtain 23 g of solid powder compound 1, with a yield of 29.8%.
  • the intermediate 2a (39.00 g, 197.3 mmol), 1,3,6,8-tetrabromopyrene (22.7 g, 48.3 mmol), Pd-132 (0.62 g, 0.97 mmol), X-Phos (0.62 g), sodium tert-butoxide (16.8 g, 175.3 mmol), and 1 L of xylene were added to a 2000 mL dry and clean three-necked flask, vacuumed and nitrogen filled for three cycles, and then heated to 140 ° C for reflux reaction for 12 hours.
  • 2,6-dimethylaniline (50.00 g, 413.2 mmol), 2,6-dimethylbromobenzene (76 g, 413.2 mmol), palladium acetate (0.46 g, 2.05 mmol), tri-tert-butylphosphine (1 mL), sodium tert-butoxide (79.3 g, 826.04 mmol), and 500 mL of toluene were added to a 1000 mL dry and clean three-necked flask, and the mixture was evacuated and nitrogen-filled for three cycles, and heated to 100 ° C for reflux reaction for 2.5 hours.
  • the organic phase was concentrated, and the product was dissolved in hot toluene and passed through a heat-insulating silica gel column while hot.
  • the filtrate was collected and concentrated, and n-hexane was added for pulping, suction filtered, and the filter cake was washed with n-hexane to obtain 5 g of solid powder compound 3, with a yield of 9.5%.
  • 2,6-dimethylaniline (50.00 g, 413.2 mmol), 4-tert-butyl bromobenzene (88.00 g, 413.2 mmol), palladium acetate (0.46 g, 2.05 mmol), tri-tert-butylphosphine (1 mL), sodium tert-butoxide (59.5 g, 619.83 mmol), and 500 mL of toluene were added to a 1000 mL dry and clean three-necked flask, and the mixture was evacuated and nitrogen-filled for three cycles, and heated to 100 ° C for reflux reaction for 2.5 hours.
  • the intermediate 5a (10 g, 35.59 mmol), 1,3,6,8-tetrabromopyrene (4 g, 7.72 mmol), Pd-132 (0.27 g, 0.38 mmol), S-Phos (0.27 g, equal to the catalyst), sodium tert-butoxide (3 g, 31.25 mmol), and 100 mL of xylene were added to a 250 mL dry and clean three-necked flask, and the mixture was evacuated and nitrogen-filled for three cycles, and then heated to 140 ° C for reflux reaction for 12 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, and dichloromethane and saturated brine were added for extraction three times. The organic phase was concentrated, and the product was dissolved in hot xylene and passed through a heat-insulated silica gel column while hot. The filtrate was concentrated to obtain 4 g of solid powder compound 5 with a yield of 39.2%.
  • 2,6-Dimethylaniline 14.85g, 122.73mmol
  • 6a-1 50.00g, 128.87mmol
  • palladium acetate (0.28g, 1.25mmol
  • X-Phos (0.28g)
  • cesium carbonate 59.98g, 184.09mmol
  • 500mL toluene were added to a 1000mL dry and clean three-necked flask, vacuumed and nitrogen filled for three cycles, heated to 100°C and refluxed for 3.5 hours.
  • the intermediate 6a (18 g, 50.14 mmol), 1,3,6,8-tetrabromopyrene (5.77 g, 11.14 mmol), Pd-132 (0.16 g, 0.23 mmol), S-Phos (0.16 g), sodium tert-butoxide (4.28 g, 44.58 mmol), and 250 mL of xylene were added to a 500 mL dry and clean three-necked flask, and the mixture was evacuated and nitrogen-filled for three cycles, and then heated to 140 ° C for reflux reaction for 14 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, and dichloromethane and saturated brine were added for extraction three times.
  • 2,6-Dimethylaniline (21g, 173.55mmol), 3,5-di-tert-butylbromobenzene (47.00g, 174.72mmol), palladium acetate (0.19g, 0.85mmol), tri-tert-butylphosphine (1mL), sodium tert-butoxide (24.09g, 250.09mmol), 500mL toluene were added to a 1000mL dry and clean three-necked flask, vacuumed and nitrogen filled for three cycles, heated to 100°C and refluxed for 12 hours.
  • the intermediate 7a (53g, 171.52mmol), 1,3,6,8-tetrabromopyrene (19.74g, 38.12mmol), Pd-132 (0.54g, 0.76mmol), S-Phos (0.54g), sodium tert-butoxide (14.64g, 152.49mmol), and 1L of xylene were added to a 2000mL dry and clean three-necked flask, and the mixture was evacuated and nitrogen-filled for three cycles, and then heated to 140°C for reflux reaction for 14 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, and dichloromethane and saturated brine were added for extraction three times.
  • 2,6-diisopropylaniline 40g, 225.99mmol
  • 3,5-di-tert-butylbromobenzene 60.79g, 226.82mmol
  • palladium acetate 0.25g, 1.11mmol
  • tri-tert-butylphosphine 1.5mL
  • sodium tert-butoxide 32.5g, 338.54mmol
  • 500mL toluene were added to a 1000mL dry and clean three-necked flask, vacuumed and nitrogen filled for three cycles, heated to 100°C and refluxed for 12 hours.
  • 2,6-diethylaniline (24.9 g, 167.11 mmol), 3,5-di-tert-butylbromobenzene (43 g, 160.45 mmol), palladium acetate (0.19 g, 0.85 mmol), tri-tert-butylphosphine (1 mL), sodium tert-butoxide (24 g, 250.0 mmol), and 500 mL of toluene were added to a 1000 mL dry and clean three-necked flask, and the mixture was evacuated and nitrogen-filled for three cycles, and heated to 100 ° C for reflux reaction for 12 hours.
  • the intermediate 10a (52g, 154.30mmol), 1,3,6,8-tetrabromopyrene (17.76g, 34.30mmol), Pd-132 (0.49g, 0.69mmol), S-Phos (0.49g), sodium tert-butoxide (13.17g, 137.19mmol,), and 1L of xylene were added to a 2000mL dry and clean three-necked flask, vacuumed and filled with nitrogen for three cycles, and heated to 140°C for reflux reaction for 14 hours. After the reaction was completed, it was cooled to room temperature, and dichloromethane and saturated brine were added for extraction three times.
  • 2,6-diethylaniline 34.98g, 234.74mmol
  • 4-tert-butyl bromobenzene 50g, 234.74mmol
  • palladium acetate (0.26g, 1.16mmol
  • tri-tert-butylphosphine 1.5mL
  • sodium tert-butoxide 33.8g, 352.08mmol
  • 500mL toluene were added to a 1000mL dry and clean three-necked flask, vacuumed and nitrogen filled for three cycles, heated to 100°C and refluxed for 12 hours.
  • the intermediate 11a (70g, 249.11mmol), 1,3,6,8-tetrabromopyrene (30g, 57.92mmol), Pd-132 (0.81g, 1.14mmol), S-Phos (0.81g), sodium tert-butoxide (21.86g, 227.71mmol), and 1L of xylene were added to a 2000mL dry and clean three-necked flask, and the mixture was evacuated and nitrogen-filled for three cycles, and then heated to 140°C for reflux reaction for 14 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, and dichloromethane and saturated brine were added for extraction three times.
  • the intermediate P1a (15g, 31.05mmol), 11a (41.55g, 139.73mmol), Pd(OAc) 2 (2.325mmol), PtBu 3 (3.105mmol), NaOtBu (26.85g, 279.45mmol), and 1L toluene were added to a 2000mL dry and clean three-necked flask, and the mixture was vacuumed and filled with nitrogen for three cycles, and then heated to 120°C and refluxed for 24 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, and dichloromethane and saturated brine were added for extraction three times.
  • the intermediate P1b (24 g, 22.11 mmol), SnCl 2 (20.89 g, 110.54 mmol), and 1.5 L of anhydrous ethanol were added to a 2000 mL dry and clean three-necked flask, and the mixture was vacuumed and filled with nitrogen for three cycles, and then heated to 70°C for reaction for 1 hour. The mixture was poured into ice water, and sodium bicarbonate solution was added to make it slightly alkaline.
  • the precipitate was filtered and vacuum dried, and then dissolved in 500 mL of anhydrous ethanol, cooled to -5°C, and 200 mL of NaNO 2 (2.42 g, 28.4 mmol) H 2 SO 4 solution was slowly added while stirring, and a mixture of CuI (0.54 g, 2.84 mmol) and I 2 (3.6 g, 28.4 mmol) was slowly added in batches, and filtered.
  • the product was collected and spin-dried to obtain 5 g of intermediate P1c, with a yield of 19.4%.
  • intermediate P1c 5g, 4.25mmol
  • intermediate P1d 2.1g, 6.5mmol
  • Pd(OAc) 2 0.075g
  • PtBu 3 0.1g
  • NaOtBu 1.25g, 12.75mmol
  • 500mL toluene 500mL toluene was added to a 1000mL dry and clean three-necked flask, and the mixture was evacuated and nitrogen filled for three cycles, and then heated to 120°C and refluxed for 24 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, and dichloromethane and saturated brine were added for extraction three times.
  • E1 was purchased from Shanghai McLean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.
  • the synthesis of E2 can be found in the prior patent application with application number CN202211429395.8, and the synthesis of E3 can be found in the prior patent application with application number PCT/CN2023/131804.
  • E4 as a red light guest is as follows, where the synthesis of E4 can be found in the literature Chuluo Yang, et.al., Adv. Mater., 2022, 2201442.
  • the energy levels of organic materials can be obtained by quantum calculation, for example, using TD-DFT (time-dependent density functional theory) through Gaussian09W (Gaussian Inc.), and the specific simulation method can be found in WO2011141110.
  • TD-DFT time-dependent density functional theory
  • Gaussian09W Gaussian Inc.
  • the specific simulation method can be found in WO2011141110.
  • the molecular geometry is optimized using the density functional theory method "Ground State/DFT/Default Spin/B3LYP” and the basis set "6-31G(d)” (Charge 0/Spin Singlet)
  • the energy structure of the organic molecule is calculated by the TD-DFT (time-dependent density functional theory) method "TD-SCF/DFT/Default Spin/B3PW91” and the basis set "6-31G(d)” (Charge 0/Spin Singlet).
  • the HOMO and LUMO energy levels are calculated according to the following calibration formula, and S1 and T1 are used directly.
  • HOMO(eV) ((HOMO(G) ⁇ 27.212)-0.9899)/1.1206
  • HOMO(G) and LUMO(G) are the direct calculation results of Gaussian 09W, and the unit is Hartree. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
  • the absorbance of the maximum absorption peak divided by the equivalent concentration of the solution substance is the molar extinction coefficient of the compound.
  • Table 3 above shows that the organic compounds H according to the present invention all have relatively high molar extinction coefficients.
  • Figures 2 to 33 show the absorption and emission spectra of toluene solutions and films of compounds 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 10, 11, 16, 17, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26. It can be seen from these figures that compound 1 according to chemical formula (1a-1) and compounds 2, 4, 6, 7, 10, 11, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 according to chemical formula (1a-3) have a high absorption and emission spectrum in the toluene solution. The absorption and emission spectra of the liquid and the film are very similar, and the red shift of the spectrum in the film is very small. This is because the ortho-substitution on the aromatic group (here benzene) in the aromatic amine effectively prevents the accumulation of molecules in the film. Similarly, the compounds according to chemical formula (1a-2), (1a-4), (1a-5), and (1a-6) also have the same properties.
  • the spectra of compounds 16, 17, 20, and 21 in the film have a large red shift relative to the solution spectrum, and the emission spectrum lines are broadened, which is due to the molecular stacking effect in the film. Nevertheless, by combining with other compounds or polymers to form a mixture, compounds 16, 17, 20, and 21 may still avoid stacking and maintain a spectrum similar to the solution spectrum, thus being suitable for use in a color conversion layer.
  • the optical properties of the compound were measured by a spectrophotometer (Puxi T9s) and a fluorescence spectrometer (Hitachi, F-4700 FL Spectrophotometer), respectively.
  • Figure 34 shows the absorption and emission spectra of the toluene solution of compound E1;
  • Figure 35 shows the absorption and emission spectra of the toluene solution of compound E2;
  • Figure 36 shows the absorption and emission spectra of the toluene solution of E3;
  • Figure 37 shows the absorption and emission spectra of the toluene solution of E4;
  • Figures 38 and 39 show the absorption and emission spectra of the toluene solution and film of Comparative Example 1, respectively.
  • the emission spectrum of the film of Comparative Example 1 has a large red shift. Although it can still be used as a green or red light main body, it may affect the color purity of the green light. In contrast, the red shift of the film spectra of compounds 2, 4, 6, 7, 10, 11, 22, 23, 24, 25, and 26 is very small, which is more conducive to the preparation of CCL with high color purity.
  • the test method for the UV stability of the compound is as follows:
  • Figure 40 shows the absorption attenuation graph of toluene solutions of compounds 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 10, 11, 16, 17, 20, 22, 23, 24, 26 and comparative example 2 after UV irradiation.
  • Table 4 and Figure 40 above 1) compared with comparative example 2, the photostability of organic compound H according to the present invention is greatly improved; 2) among compounds 16, 17 and 20 with similar structures, the stability of fluorinated compounds 16 and 17 is also greatly improved compared with the stability of non-fluorinated compound 20.
  • the test method for the blue light stability of the film of Compound 10 and Comparative Example 1 is as follows:
  • a compound film of about 800 nm was evaporated, encapsulated with a glass cover, and placed 2.5 cm above a blue LED (460 nm, 3000 cd/m 2 ) to test the brightness value with a brightness meter (Foshida, CS-2000A).
  • the brightness value of the first test was recorded as the initial value.
  • the brightness was tested after irradiation for a period of time to obtain a brightness decay curve, as shown in Figure 41. As can be seen from Figure 41, compared with Comparative Example 1, the light stability of the film of Compound 10 is significantly improved.
  • Evaporated film Compound 10 and luminescent material E1 or E2 or E3 are placed in a crucible respectively, and the crucible is placed in a thermal evaporation device.
  • the vacuum is evacuated to a vacuum degree of 1 ⁇ 10 -4 Pa, and the crucible is heated to evaporate the two organic compounds and deposit them on the glass substrate.
  • the thermal evaporation device is cooled to 80°C. Nitrogen is filled in the thermal evaporation device to reach atmospheric pressure, and then the cavity is opened to obtain the evaporated CCL film.
  • Resin film Take 48 mg of compound 10 and dissolve it in 1 mL of resin solution, stir for 30 min, take 2 mg of luminescent material E1 or E2 or E3 and dissolve it in the solution, continue stirring for 30 min, take the stirred solution and drop it on a glass substrate, spin coat, and cure with UV light to obtain a CCL film.
  • CCL based on other organic compounds can be prepared in the same way according to 7.1, 7.2 or 7.3.
  • Top-emitting blue light OLED + resin CCL On the light-emitting surface of the top-emitting blue light OLED, prepare a CCL resin film (E3 and E4 as light-emitting bodies) according to the above 7.3, with a thickness of about 4 ⁇ m.
  • Bottom-emitting blue light OLED + resin CCL On the light-emitting surface of the bottom-emitting blue light OLED, prepare a CCL resin film (E3 as the light-emitting body) according to the above 7.3, with a thickness of about 4 ⁇ m.
  • FIG. 3 Use a brightness meter (Foster, CS-2000A) to test the spectra of top-emitting blue OLED, top-emitting blue OLED + resin CCL, bottom-emitting blue OLED, and bottom-emitting blue OLED + resin CCL.
  • Figure 42 shows the top-emitting blue OLED + resin CCL (E3 as the luminescent body);
  • Figure 43 shows the bottom-emitting blue OLED + resin CCL (E3 as the luminescent body);
  • Figure 44 shows the top-emitting blue OLED + resin CCL (E4 as the luminescent body).
  • the resin CCL according to the present invention can basically absorb all the blue light of the OLED in the top-emitting and bottom-emitting devices, and convert it into a narrow spectrum of green light.
  • the resin CCL according to the present invention can basically absorb all the blue light of the OLED in the top-emitting device, and convert it into a narrow spectrum of red light.
  • Example 9 OLED with CCL (top OLED + vapor-deposited CCL)
  • Top-emitting blue light OLED + evaporated CCL On the light-emitting surface of the top-emitting blue light OLED, a CCL evaporated film (E2 as the light-emitting body) is prepared according to the above 7.1, with a thickness of 500nm.

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Abstract

提供一种组合物，包含一种基于芘的有机化合物H作主体材料、一种具有窄发光谱的发光体E。其中所述有机化合物H具有较高的稳定性，所述组合物可包含有机树脂，便于印刷或涂布成膜，并通过加热或紫外固化。还提供一种含颜色转换层的有机发光器件，颜色转换层包含一种所述组合物，其中有机化合物H吸收激发光源的光，并将能量转移给发光体E，发光体E吸收有机化合物H的能量后发射出半峰宽较窄的出射光；这些具有窄半峰宽的发光器件可制造具有高色域的显示器件。

Description

一种组合物及其在光电领域的应用 技术领域
本发明涉及有机光电材料及器件技术领域，特别是涉及一种组合物，包含其的有机功能材料薄膜，光电器件，有机发光器件及其在光电领域的应用。
背景技术
根据色度学原理，射入人眼的光的半峰宽越窄，色纯度越高，颜色越鲜艳。用这种半峰宽窄的红绿蓝三原色光制作的显示装置，显示的色域大，画面真实，画质好。
当前主流的全彩显示实现的方法不外乎两种，第一种，显示器件主动发射红、绿、蓝三原色的光，典型的如RGB-OLED显示；目前成熟的技术是利用精细金属掩膜的真空蒸镀制作三种颜色的发光器件，工艺复杂，成本高，难以实现超过600ppi的高分辨率显示。第二种是采用色转换器将发光器件发射的单一色光转换成多种色光，从而实现全彩显示，如三星公司的蓝光OLED加红绿量子点(QD)薄膜作为颜色转换器。这种方法中的发光器件工艺简单，良率高，而且颜色转换器可以通过蒸镀、喷墨打印、转印、光刻等不同技术实现，可以应用在不同分辨率要求的显示产品上，低如大尺寸电视，只有50ppi，高如硅基微型显示，分辨率可达3000ppi以上。
目前主流的颜色转换器中使用的颜色转换材料主要有两种，一种是无机纳米晶，俗称量子点，是一类直径介于2nm-8nm的无机半导体材料(InP、CdSe、CdS、ZnSe等)的纳米颗粒(特别是量子点)。限于当前的量子点合成和分离技术，目前含Cd的量子点发光峰的半峰宽在25nm-40nm，色纯度可以满足NTSC的显示要求，无Cd量子点的半峰宽在35nm-75nm之间。然而，由于量子点的消光系数普遍较低，需要较厚的膜，典型的10微米以上的膜才能实现蓝光的较好吸收，这对量产工艺，特别是三星公司的蓝光OLED加红绿量子点的技术方案是个很大的挑战。第二种是有机染料，包括各种具有生色团的有机共轭小分子，此类有机染料的消光系数普遍较量子点高，但由于存在分子内的热弛豫，且有机分子中的振动能较大，这类材料的发光峰较宽，一般半峰宽在60nm以上。
本发明人之前的专利申请中公开了具有主客体组合的颜色转换器，其中主体具有高的消光系数，而客体具有窄的发光谱线，为具有较薄的颜色转换器的开发提供了新的设计方法。但主体材料的稳定性，包括光稳定性和热稳定性仍需要大大提高。
发明内容
基于此，本发明的目的是提供一种组合物及其在光电领域中的应用。
具体技术方案如下：
本发明提供一种组合物，包含一种如化学式(I)所示的有机化合物H、一种发光体E，其中，1)所述有机化合物H的发光谱在所述发光体E的吸收谱的短波长的一侧，且至少部分相互重叠；2)所述发光体E的发光谱的半峰宽(FWHM)小于或等于55nm；
其中：R101-R104在每次出现时，可相同或不同的选自H、D，或者具有1至20个C原子的直链的烷基、烯基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、硫代烷氧基基团，或者具有3至20个C原子的支链或环状的烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、硫代烷氧基基团、甲硅烷基基团，或者具有1至20个C原子的酮基基团，或者具有2至20个C原子的烷氧基羰基基团，或者具有4至20个C原 子的芳氧基羰基基团，或者氰基(-CN)、氨基甲酰基(-C(＝O)NH2)、卤甲酰基(-C(＝O)-X其中X代表卤素原子)、甲酰基(-C(＝O)-H)、异氰基、异氰酸酯、硫氰酸酯、异硫氰酸酯、羟基、硝基、CF3、Cl、Br、F、I、可交联的基团，或者具有5至40个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系，或者具有5至40个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团，或者具有5至40个环原子的芳胺基或杂芳胺基基团，以上基团任意位置的二取代单元或这些基团的组合；其中，R101-R104中至少有一个选自化学式(Ia)，其中Ar1和Ar2相同或不同的选自取代或未取代的具有5-24个环原子的芳香族或杂芳香族，*代表与芘的连接位点。
优选的，所述组合物还包含至少一种有机树脂和/或一种溶剂。
本发明还提供一种有机功能材料薄膜，包含一种如上所述的组合物，或利用一种如上所述的组合物制备所得。
本发明还提供一种光电器件，包含一种如上所述的组合物或有机功能材料薄膜。
本发明还提供一种有机发光器件，自下而上依次包含第一电极，有机发光层，第二电极，颜色转换层及封装层，所述第二电极至少是部分透明，所述颜色转换层至少部分吸收所述有机发光层所发的透过第二电极的光；所述颜色转换层包含一种如上所述的组合物，或利用一种如上所述的组合物制备所得。
有益效果：按照本发明的组合物，1)其中有机化合物H具有较高的稳定性，特别是光稳定性；2)有机化合物H在成膜后，其吸收和发光光谱红移较小或基本不红移。
附图说明
图1：一种红绿蓝三色的显示装置示意图；
图2：化合物1的甲苯溶液的吸收和发射光谱图；
图3：化合物1的薄膜的吸收和发射光谱图；
图4：化合物2的甲苯溶液的吸收和发射光谱图；
图5：化合物2的薄膜的吸收和发射光谱图；
图6：化合物4的甲苯溶液的吸收和发射光谱图；
图7：化合物4的薄膜的吸收和发射光谱图；
图8：化合物6的甲苯溶液的吸收和发射光谱图；
图9：化合物6的薄膜的吸收和发射光谱图；
图10：化合物7的甲苯溶液的吸收和发射光谱图；
图11：化合物7的薄膜的吸收和发射光谱图；
图12：化合物10的甲苯溶液的吸收和发射光谱图；
图13：化合物10的薄膜的吸收和发射光谱图；
图14：化合物11的甲苯溶液的吸收和发射光谱图；
图15：化合物11的薄膜的吸收和发射光谱图；
图16：化合物16的甲苯溶液的吸收和发射光谱图；
图17：化合物16的薄膜的吸收和发射光谱图；
图18：化合物17的甲苯溶液的吸收和发射光谱图；
图19：化合物17的薄膜的吸收和发射光谱图；
图20：化合物20的甲苯溶液的吸收和发射光谱图；
图21：化合物20的薄膜的吸收和发射光谱图；
图22：化合物21的甲苯溶液的吸收和发射光谱图；
图23：化合物21的薄膜的吸收和发射光谱图；
图24：化合物22的甲苯溶液的吸收和发射光谱图；
图25：化合物22的薄膜的吸收和发射光谱图；
图26：化合物23的甲苯溶液的吸收和发射光谱图；
图27：化合物23的薄膜的吸收和发射光谱图；
图28：化合物24的甲苯溶液的吸收和发射光谱图；
图29：化合物24的薄膜的吸收和发射光谱图；
图30：化合物25的甲苯溶液的吸收和发射光谱图；
图31：化合物25的薄膜的吸收和发射光谱图；
图32：化合物26的甲苯溶液的吸收和发射光谱图；
图33：化合物26的薄膜的吸收和发射光谱图；
图34：化合物E1的甲苯溶液的吸收和发射光谱图；
图35：化合物E2的甲苯溶液的吸收和发射光谱图；
图36：化合物E3的甲苯溶液的吸收和发射光谱图；
图37：化合物E4的甲苯溶液的吸收和发射光谱图；
图38：对比例1的甲苯溶液的吸收和发射光谱图；
图39：对比例1的薄膜的吸收和发射光谱图；
图40：化合物1、2、4、6、7、10、11、16、17、20、22、23、24、26与对比例2的甲苯溶液UV光照后吸收衰减图；
图41：化合物10与对比例1薄膜蓝光光照后亮度衰减图；
图42：顶发射蓝光OLED+绿光CCL树脂薄膜的光谱图；
图43：底发射蓝光OLED+绿光CCL树脂薄膜的光谱图；
图44：顶发射蓝光OLED+红光CCL树脂的光谱图；
图45：顶发射蓝光OLED+绿光CCL蒸镀薄膜的光谱图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明，下面将参照相关附图对本发明进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本发明的较佳实施例。但是，本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施例。相反的，提供这些实施例的目的是使对本发明的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
在本发明中，主体材料、基质材料、Host材料和Matrix材料具有相同的含义，可以互换。
在本发明中，金属有机络合物、金属有机配合物和有机金属配合物具有相同的含义，可以互换。
在本发明中，印刷油墨、油墨和墨水具有相同的含义，可以互换。
本发明提供一种组合物，包含一种如化学式(I)所示的有机化合物H、一种发光体E，其中，1)所述有机化合物H的发光谱在所述发光体E的吸收谱的短波长的一侧，且至少部分相互重叠；2)所述发光体E的发光谱的FWHM小于或等于55nm；
其中：R101-R104在每次出现时，可相同或不同的选自H、D，或者具有1至20个C原子的直链的烷基、烯基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、硫代烷氧基基团，或者具有3至20个C原子的支链或环状的烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、硫代烷氧基、甲硅烷基基团，或者具有1至20个C原 子的酮基基团，或者具有2至20个C原子的烷氧基羰基基团，或者具有4至20个C原子的芳氧基羰基基团，或者氰基、氨基甲酰基、卤甲酰基、甲酰基、异氰基、异氰酸酯、硫氰酸酯、异硫氰酸酯、羟基、硝基、CF3、Cl、Br、F、I、可交联的基团，或者具有5至40个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系，或者具有5至40个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团，或者具有5至40个环原子的芳胺基或杂芳胺基基团，以上基团任意位置的二取代单元或这些基团的组合；其中，R101-R104中至少有一个选自化学式(Ia)，其中：Ar1和Ar2相同或不同的选自取代或未取代的具有5-24个环原子的芳香族或杂芳香族，*代表与芘的连接位点。
在一些较为优选的实施例中，上述的R101-R104中至少有一个选自化学式(Ia-1)-(Ia-4)中的一个：
其中：*、Ar1和Ar2的定义同上所述；R105-R108是取代基，在每次出现时，可相同或不同的选自具有1至20个C原子的直链的烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、硫代烷氧基基团，或者具有3至20个C原子的支链或环状的烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、硫代烷氧基基团、甲硅烷基基团，或者具有1至20个C原子的酮基基团，或者具有2至20个C原子的烷氧基羰基基团，或者具有4至20个C原子的芳氧基羰基基团，或者氰基、氨基甲酰基、卤甲酰基、甲酰基、异氰基、异氰酸酯、硫氰酸酯、异硫氰酸酯、羟基、硝基、CF3、Cl、Br、F、I、可交联的基团，或者具有5至40个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系，或者具有5至40个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团，或者具有5至40个环原子的芳胺基或杂芳胺基基团，或它们的组合。
在一些较为优选的实施例中，R105-R108在每次出现时，可相同或不同的选自具有1至10个C原子的直链烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、硫代烷氧基基团，或者具有3至10个C原子的支链或环状的烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、硫代烷氧基基团、甲硅烷基基团，或者具有1至10个C原子的酮基基团，或者具有2至10个C原子的烷氧基羰基基团，或者具有6至10个C原子的芳氧基羰基基团，或者氰基、氨基甲酰基、卤甲酰基、甲酰基、异氰基、异氰酸酯、硫氰酸酯、异硫氰酸酯、羟基、硝基、CF3、Cl、Br、F、I、可交联的基团，或者具有5至20个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系，或者具有5至20个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团，或者具有5至20个环原子的芳胺基或杂芳胺基基团，或者这些基团的组合，其中一个或多个基团可彼此和/或与所述基团键合的环形成单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系。
在另一些较为优选的实施例中，上述的R101-R104中至少有两个相同或不同的选自化学式(Ia-1)-(Ia-4)中的一个。
在另一些较为优选的实施例中，上述的R101-R104中至少有三个相同或不同的选自化学式(Ia-1)-(Ia-4)中的一个。
在另一些较为优选的实施例中，上述的R101-R104相同或不同的选自化学式(Ia-1)-(Ia-4)中的一个。
在某些优选的实施例中，上述的R101-R104中，R101和R103，或R102和R104选自相同的结构单元。
在另一些较为优选的实施例中，上述的R101-R104选自相同的结构单元。
在一些优选的实施例中，所述的发光体E如在国际公布号为WO2022213993A1的专利申请中所公开，特此将其全部内容并入本文作为参考。
在一些优选的实施例中，所述发光体E的发光谱的FWHM≤50nm，较好是≤40nm，更好是 ≤35nm，最好是≤30nm。
在另优选的实施例中，所述发光体E，其荧光量子效率(PLQY)≥50％，较好是≥60％，更好是≥70％，最好是≥80％。
在一些特别优选的实施例中，所述的发光体E包含有化学式(1)或(2)或(3)或(4)所示的结构单元：
其中：Ar1-Ar3相同或不同的选自具有5-24个环原子的芳香族或杂芳香族；Ar4-Ar5相同或不同的选自空或具有5-24个环原子的芳香族或杂芳香族；当Ar4-Ar5不为空时，Xa和Xb在每次出现时独立选自N、C(R6)、Si(R6)，Ya和Yb在每次出现时独立选自B、P＝O、C(R6)、Si(R6)；当Ar4或Ar5为空时，Xb选自N、C(R6)、Si(R6)，Ya选自B、P＝O、C(R6)、Si(R6)，Xa和Yb在每次出现时独立选自N(R6)、C(R6R7)、Si(R6R7)、C＝O、O、C＝N(R6)、C＝C(R6R7)、P(R6)、P(＝O)R6、S、S＝O或SO2；X1、X2独立选自空或一个桥接基团；
R1-R7在每次出现时，可相同或不同的选自H、D，或者具有1至20个C原子的直链的烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、硫代烷氧基基团，或者具有3至20个C原子的支链或环状的烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、硫代烷氧基、甲硅烷基基团，或者具有1至20个C原子的酮基基团，或者具有2至20个C原子的烷氧基羰基基团，或者具有4至20个C原子的芳氧基羰基基团，或者氰基、氨基甲酰基、卤甲酰基、甲酰基、异氰基、异氰酸酯、硫氰酸酯、异硫氰酸酯、羟基、硝基、CF3、Cl、Br、F、I、可交联的基团，或者具有5至40个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系，或者具有5至40个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团，或者具有5至40个环原子的芳胺基或杂芳胺基基团，以上基团任意位置的二取代单元或这些基团的组合，其中一个或多个基团可以彼此和/或与所述基团键合的环形成单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系。
在一些较为优选的实施例中，R1-R7在每次出现时，可相同或不同的选自H、D，或者具有1至10个C原子的直链的烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、硫代烷氧基基团，或者具有3至10个C原子的支链或环状的烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、硫代烷氧基、甲硅烷基基团，或者具有1至10个C原子的酮基基团，或者具有2至10个C原子的烷氧基羰基基团，或者具有6至10个C原子的芳氧基羰基基团，或者氰基、氨基甲酰基、卤甲酰基、甲酰基、异氰基、异氰酸酯、硫氰酸酯、异硫氰酸酯、羟基、硝基、CF3、Cl、Br、F、I、可交联的基团，或者具有5至20个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系，或者具有5至20个环原子的芳氧基或杂 芳氧基基团，或者具有5至20个环原子的芳胺基或杂芳胺基基团，以上基团任意位置的二取代单元或这些基团的组合，其中一个或多个基团可以彼此和/或与所述基团键合的环形成单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系。
在一些优选的实施例中，所述的发光体E包含如下化学式(1a)或(2a)或(3a)或(4a)所示的结构单元：
其中Ar1-Ar5、X1、X2、R1-R5的定义同上所述。
在某些较为优选的实施例中，X1和X2独立选自O或S；在一些更优选的实施例中，X1和X2均为O。
在某些较为优选的实施例中，X1、X2至少有一个是空；特别优选的是两个都为空，这时所述的发光体E选自包含如下化学式(1b)或(2b)或(3b)或(4b)所示的结构单元：
其中，Ar1-Ar5、R1-R5的定义同上所述。
在某些较为优选的实施例中，X1、X2至少有一个是单键；特别优选的是两个都为单键，这时所述的发光体E选自包含如下化学式(1c)或(2c)或(3c)或(4c)所示的结构单元：
其中，Ar1-Ar5、R1-R5的定义同上所述。
在某些较为实施例中，X1、X2在每一次出现时，相同或不同的是二桥联基，优选的二桥联基有：
其中：R1、R2、R3与R4的定义同上述R1；虚线键表示与相邻的结构单元键合的键。
对于本发明的目的，芳香环系在环系中包含6-20个碳原子，杂芳香环系在环系中包含1-20个碳原子和至少一个杂原子，条件是碳原子和杂原子的总数至少为5。杂原子优选选自Si、N、P、O、S和/或Ge，特别优选自Si、N、P、O和/或S。对于本发明的目的，芳香族或杂芳香族环系不仅包括芳香基或杂芳香基的体系，而且，其中多个芳基或杂芳基也可以被短的非芳族单元间断(<10％的非H原子，优选小于5％的非H原子，比如C、N或O原子)。因此，比如9,9′-螺二芴，9,9-二芳基芴，三芳胺，二芳基醚等体系，对于该发明目的同样认为是芳香族环系。
对于本发明的目的，其中上述有机化合物H或发光体E的任一H原子可以被R10基团取代，R10的定义同上述R105，优选于，(1)C1-C10烷基，特别优选是指如下的基团：甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、环丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、环丁基、2-甲基丁基、正戊基、正己基、环己基、正庚基、环庚基、正辛基、环辛基、2-甲基庚基、三氟甲基、五氟乙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、乙烯基、丙烯基、丁烯基、戊烯基、环戊烯基、己烯基、环己烯基、庚烯基、环庚烯基、辛烯基、环辛烯基、乙炔基、丙炔基、丁炔基、戊炔基、己炔基和辛炔基；(2)C1-C10烷氧基，特别优选的是指甲氧基，乙氧基，正丙氧基，异丙氧基，正丁氧基，异丁氧基，仲丁氧基，叔丁氧基或者2-甲基丁氧基；(3)C2到C10芳基或杂芳基，取决于用途其可以是一价或二价的，在每一情况下也可以被上述提及的基团R10取代并可以通过任何希望的位置与芳香族或杂芳香环连接，特别优选的是指以下的基团：苯、萘、蒽、嵌二萘、二氢芘、屈、萤蒽、丁省、戊省、苯并芘、呋喃、苯并呋喃、异苯并呋喃、二苯并呋喃、噻吩、苯并噻吩、异苯并噻吩、硫芴、吡咯、吲哚、异吲哚、咔唑、吡啶、喹啉、异喹啉、吖啶、菲啶、苯并-5,6-喹啉、苯并-6,7-喹啉、苯并-7,8-喹啉、吩噻嗪、吩恶嗪、吡唑、吲唑、咪唑、苯并咪唑、萘并咪唑、菲并咪唑、吡啶并咪唑、吡嗪并咪唑、喹喔啉并咪唑、恶唑、苯并恶唑、萘并恶唑、蒽并恶唑、菲并恶唑、异恶唑、1,2-噻唑、1,3-噻唑、苯并噻唑、哒嗪、苯并哒嗪、嘧啶、苯并嘧啶、喹喔啉、吡嗪、二氮蒽、1,5-二氮杂萘、氮咔唑、苯并咔啉、菲咯啉、1,2,3-三唑、1,2,4-三唑、苯并三唑、1,2,3-恶二唑、1,2,4-恶二唑、1,2,5-恶二唑、1,3,4-恶二唑、1,2,3-噻二唑、1,2,4-噻二唑、1,2,5-噻二唑、1,3,4-噻二唑、1,3,5-三嗪、1,2,4-三嗪、1,2,3-三嗪、四唑、1,2,4,5-四嗪、1,2,3,4-四嗪、1,2,3,5-四嗪、嘌呤、蝶啶、中氮茚和苯并噻二唑。用于本发明的目的，芳香和杂芳族环系认为特别是除上述提及的芳基和杂芳基之外，还指亚联苯基、亚三联苯、芴、螺二芴、二氢菲、四氢芘和顺式或者反式茚并芴。
在某些优选的实施例中，所述有机化合物H和发光体E中，Ar1、Ar2、Ar1-Ar5相同或不同的在每一次出现中选自具有5到20个环原子的芳香、杂芳族；较好的选自具有5到18个环原子的芳香、杂芳族；更好的选自具有5到15个环原子的芳香、杂芳族；最好的选自具有5到10个环原子的芳香、杂芳族；它们可以未被取代或者被一个或二个R10基团取代。优选的芳基或者杂芳基有苯、萘、蒽、菲、吡啶、苯并呋喃、嵌二萘或噻吩。
在某些较为优选的实施例中，Ar1、Ar2、Ar1-Ar5在每次出现时，相互独立选自如下结构式：
其中：X0是CR11或N；Y0选自NR11，CR12R13，SiR14R15，C(＝O)，S或O；R11、R12、R13、R14、R15的定义同上述R101。
进一步，Ar1、Ar2、Ar1-Ar5在每次出现时，相互独立选自如下化学结构式之一或其组合，且可进一步被任意取代：
在一个特别优选的实施例中，Ar1、Ar2、Ar1-Ar5为苯基。
在某些较为优选的实施例中，Ar4、Ar5至少有一个是空；特别优选的是两个都为空，这时所述的发光体E包含如下化学式(1d)或(2d)或(1e)或(2e)或(3d)或(4d1)或(4d2)所示的结构单元：
其中，Ar1-Ar3、Xa、Yb、R3-R5的定义如上所述。
优选的，化学式(1d)和(1e)中的Xa相同或不同的彼此独立的选自N(R6)、C(R6R7)、Si(R6R7)、O、S。
优选的，化学式(2d)和(2e)中的Yb相同或不同的彼此独立的选自C＝O、O、S、P(＝O)R6、S＝O或SO2；特别优选的选自C＝O。
优选的，化学式(3d)和(4d1)和(4d2)中的Xa相同或不同的彼此独立的选自N(R6)、C(R6R7)、Si(R6R7)、O、S。
在另一些较为优选的实施例中，所述的发光体E包含如下化学式(1f)-(1i)所示的结构单元：
其中Yc可相同或不同的选自O或S；Ar1-Ar3、Xa、R3-R5的定义同上所述。
在一个特别优选的实施例中，上述的Ar2、Ar3优先选自如下结构单元，且可进一步被任意取代：
在某些优选的实施例中，按照化学式(1)-(1i)、(2)-(2e)、(3)-(3d)、(4)-(4d2)的结构单元中，其中R1-R5在多次出现时，可相同或不同的包含以下结构单元或它们中的组合：
其中n0是1或2或3或4。
在一个特别优选的实施例中，所述的发光体E具有以下所示的结构：
其中：Yc的定义如上所述；R21-R25可以是H、D，或者具有1至20个C原子的直链的烷基、烷氧基、硫代烷氧基基团，或者具有3至20个C原子的支链或环状的烷基、烷氧基、硫代烷氧基基团、甲硅烷基基团，或者具有1至20个C原子的酮基基团，或者具有2至20个C原子的烷氧基羰基基团，或者具有4至20个C原子的芳氧基羰基基团，或者氰基、氨基甲酰基、卤甲酰基、甲酰基、异氰基、异氰酸酯、硫氰酸酯、异硫氰酸酯、羟基、硝基、CF3、Cl、Br、F、可交联的基团，或者具有5至40个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系，或者具有5至40个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团，或者这些基团的组合，其中一个或多个基团可以彼此和/或与所述基团键合的环形成单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系；并且，R21-R25中至少一个包含一个醇溶性或水溶性基团；m、n独立选自0-4的任一整数；o、q独立选自0-5的任一整数；p独立选自0-3的任一整数。
优选的，R21-R25可以是H、D，或者具有1至10个C原子的直链烷基、烷氧基、硫代烷氧基基团，或者具有3至10个C原子的支链或环状的烷基、烷氧基或、硫代烷氧基基团、甲硅烷基基团，或者具有1至10个C原子的酮基基团，或者具有2至10个C原子的烷氧基羰基基团，或者具有6至10个C原子的芳氧基羰基基团，或者氰基、氨基甲酰基、卤甲酰基、甲酰基、异氰基、异氰酸酯、硫氰酸酯、异硫氰酸酯、羟基、硝基、CF3、Cl、Br、F、可交联的基团，或者具有5至20个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系，或者具有5至20个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团，或者这些基团的组合，其中一个或多个基团可以彼此和/或与所述基团键合的环形成单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系。
在本发明实施例中，对于有机材料的能级结构，三线态能级(T1)及单线态能级(S1)、HOMO、LUMO和谐振因子强度f起着关键的作用。以下对这些参数的确定作一介绍。
HOMO和LUMO能级可以通过光电效应进行测量，例如XPS(X射线光电子光谱法)和UPS(紫外光电子能谱)或通过循环伏安法(以下简称CV)。最近，量子化学方法，例如密度泛函理论(以下简称DFT)，也成为行之有效的计算分子轨道能级的方法。
有机材料的三线态能级T1可通过低温时间分辨发光光谱来测量，或通过量子模拟计算(如通过Time-dependent DFT)得到，如通过商业软件Gaussian 09W(Gaussian Inc.)，具体的模 拟方法如下面所述。有机材料的单线态能级S1，可通过吸收光谱，或发射光谱来确定，也可通过量子模拟计算(如Time-dependent DFT)得到；谐振因子强度f也可通过量子模拟计算(如Time-dependent DFT)得到。
应该注意，HOMO、LUMO、T1及S1的绝对值取决于所用的测量方法或计算方法，甚至对于相同的方法，不同评价的方法，例如在CV曲线上起始点和峰点可给出不同的HOMO/LUMO值。因此，合理有意义的比较应该用相同的测量方法和相同的评价方法进行。本发明实施例的描述中，HOMO、LUMO、T1及S1的值是基于Time-dependent DFT的模拟，但不影响其他测量或计算方法的应用。
在某些优选的实施例中，按照本发明的发光体E，其(S1-T1)≤0.30eV，较好是≤0.25eV，更好是≤0.20eV，更更好是≤0.15eV，最好是≤0.10eV。
在某些实施例中，所述的组合物，其中所述的发光体E是小分子或高聚物。
在某些实施例中，所述的发光体E在所述的树脂或树脂预聚体中具有较好的溶解度。
在某些优选实施例中，所述的有机化合物H在所述的树脂或树脂预聚体中具有较好的溶解度。
在一个优选的实施例中，所述的有机化合物H和/或发光体E包含至少一个醇溶性或水溶性基团，如在国际公布号为WO2022078434A1的专利申请中所公开的，特此将其全部内容并入本文作为参考。
在一些较为优选的实施例中，所述的有机化合物H和/或发光体E包含至少两个醇溶性或水溶性基团。
在另一些较为优选的实施例中，所述的有机化合物H和/或发光体E包含至少三个醇溶性或水溶性基团。
在一个优选的实施例中，所述的有机化合物H和/或发光体E的醇溶性或水溶性基团选于：醇类，醛类，酸类，冠醚类，聚醚类，伯胺类等基团。
较为优选的，所述的醇溶性或水溶性基团选于如下所示结构：
其中：R31-R37可以是具有1至20个C原子的直链的烷基、烷氧基、硫代烷氧基基团，或者具有3至20个C原子的支链或环状的烷基、烷氧基、硫代烷氧基、甲硅烷基基团，或者具有1至20个C原子的取代的酮基基团，或者具有2至20个C原子的烷氧基羰基基团，或者具有4至20个C原子的芳氧基羰基基团，或者氰基、氨基甲酰基、卤甲酰基、甲酰基、异氰基、异氰酸酯、硫氰酸酯、异硫氰酸酯、羟基、硝基、CF3、Cl、Br、F、可交联的基团，或者具有5至40个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系，或者具有5至40个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团，或者这些基团的组合，其中一个或多个基团可以彼此和/或与所述基团键合的环形成单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系；t是大于0的整数。
此外，本发明中单独的H原子或CH2基团可被上述提到的基团或基团R0取代。R0选自具有1-40个C原子的烷基基团，优先选自以下的基团：甲基，乙基，正丙基，异丙基，环丙基，正丁基，异丁基，仲丁基，叔丁基，环丁基，甲基丁基，正戊基，仲戊基，环戊基，正己基，环己基，正庚基，环庚基，正辛基，环辛基，乙基己基，三氟甲基，五氟乙基，三氟乙基，乙烯基，丙烯基，丁烯基，戊烯基，环戊烯基，己烯基，环己烯基，庚烯基，环庚烯基，辛烯基，环辛烯基，乙炔基，丙炔基，丁炔基，戊炔基，己炔基和辛炔基；具有1-40个C原子的烷氧基基团，如甲氧基，三氟甲氧基，乙氧基，正丙氧基，异丙氧基，正丁氧基，异丁氧基，仲丁氧基，叔丁氧基或甲基丁氧基。
下面给出发光体E的例子，但不限于，其可以进一步被任意取代：







在另一些实施例中，所述有机化合物H和/或发光体E包含至少一个可交联基团，如在国际公布号为WO2022078431A1的专利申请中所公开的，特此将其全部内容并入本文作为参考；这样的好处是，在所述的树脂预聚体发生共聚或均聚时，所述的发光体E可能至少部分参与聚合。
在一些较为优选的实施例中，所述有机化合物H和/发光体E包含至少两个可交联基团。
在另一些较为优选的实施例中，所述有机化合物H和/发光体E包含至少三个可交联基团。
在某些较为优选的实施例中，所述有机化合物H可以聚合形成高聚物。即根据本发明的组合物，包含上述有机化合物H及上述发光体E，或者包含上述高聚物及上述发光体E，或者包含述有机化合物H、上述高聚物及上述发光体E。优选的，所述的高聚物为侧链高聚物。
在某些实施例中，所述的发光体E是一种高聚物，其包含至少一个包含有化学式(1)或(2)所示的重复结构单元。优选的，所述的高聚物为侧链高聚物，如在国际公布号为WO2022078456A1的专利申请中所公开的，特此将其全部内容并入本文作为参考。
在某些优选的实施例中，出于本发明的目的，所述的发光体E还可进一步选自具有如下的结构式的化合物(氟硼吡咯(Bodipy)的衍生物)：
其中：X为CR9或N；R1-R9各自独立地选自氢、烷基、环烷基、杂环基、链烯基、环烯基、炔基、羟基、巯基、烷氧基、烷基硫基、芳基醚基、芳基硫醚基、芳基、杂芳基、卤素、氰基、醛基、羰基、羧基、氧基羧基、氨基甲酰基、氨基、硝基、甲硅烷基、硅氧烷基、硼烷基、氧化麟基，且R1-R9可以与相邻取代基之间形成稠环及脂肪族环。
合适的Bodipy的衍生物的例子有，但不限于：
在一个优选的实施例中，所述有机化合物H中，其R101-R104至少有一个选自化学式(Ia-5) -(Ia-6)：
其中：Ar2的定义同上述；Ar3相同或不同的选自具有8-24个环原子的芳香族或杂芳香族，其可以进一步被取代；Ar4或Ar5可相同或不同的选自具有5-24个环原子的芳香族或杂芳香族，且化学式(Ia-6)至少包含一个吸电子基；R105的定义同上所述；*代表与芘的连接位点。
优选的，化学式(Ia-6)中，Ar4或Ar5至少包含一个吸电子基，即Ar4或Ar5选自一个吸电子基或被一个吸电子基团取代。
在一些优选的实施例中，有机化合物H中包含有两个吸电子基团。
在一些优选的实施例中，有机化合物H中包含有三个吸电子基团。
在另一些优选的实施例中，有机化合物H中包含有三个以上的吸电子基团。
上述的吸电子基团可选自F、氰基或如下基团中的一种：
其中：n1为1、2或3；X1-X10选于CR60或N，并且至少有一个是N，但相邻的两个X不能同时为N；M1、M2、M3分别独立表示N(R60)、C(R60R70)2、Si(R60R70)2、O、C＝N(R60)、C＝C(R60R70)2、P(R60)、P(＝O)R60、S、S＝O、SO2或无；R40、R50、R60、R70、的含义同上述R1。
在某些优选的实施例中，合适的吸电子基团包括但不限于：F，Cl，氰基，部分或全氟化的烷基链，或如下基团中的一种：
其中的符号定义如上所述。
在一些优选的实施例中，有机化合物H中包含-F。
在一些优选的实施例中，有机化合物H中包含-CN。
在另一些优选的实施例中，有机化合物H中包含一如下基团：
在一些优选的实施例中，化学式(Ia-5)中的Ar3选自如下基团，其可进一步被取代：
其中的符号定义如上所述。
在一些优选的实施例中，对于有机化合物H，上述的R101-R104中至少有两个相同或不同的选自化学式(Ia-1)-(Ia-6)中的一个。
在一些优选的实施例中，对于有机化合物H，上述的R101-R104中至少有三个相同或不同的选自化学式(Ia-1)-(Ia-6)中的一个。
在一些优选的实施例中，对于有机化合物H，上述的R101-R104相同或不同的选自化学式(Ia-1)-(Ia-6)中的一个。
按照本发明的组合物，其中有机化合物H具有较高的消光系数。消光系数也称摩尔吸光系数(Molar Extinction Coefficient),是指浓度为1摩尔/升时的吸光系数,用符号ε表示，单位：Lmol-1cm-1，优选的消光系数：ε≥1*103；较优选的：ε≥1*104；更优选的；ε≥2*104；更更优选的：ε≥3*104；特别优选的：ε≥5*104；最优选的：ε≥1*105。优选的，所述的消光系数是指在吸收峰对应的波长时的消光系数。
在某些实施例中，有机化合物H的吸收光谱在380nm-500nm之间。
在一些优选的实施例中，有机化合物H的发光光谱在460nm-510nm之间。
在一个优选的实施例中，有机化合物H的发光光谱的峰值对应的波长小于500nm。
在另一些优选的实施例中，有机化合物H的发光光谱在500nm-580nm之间。
有机化合物的能量结构对其光电性能及稳定性有着重要的影响。
在一个优选的实施例中，有机化合物H具有较大的ΔHOMO和/或ΔLUMO，一般的≥0.30eV，较好是≥0.40eV，更好是≥0.50eV，更更好是≥0.60eV，最好是≥0.70eV；其中ΔHOMO＝HOMO-(HOMO-1)，ΔLUMO＝(LUMO+1)-LUMO。
出于本发明的目的，(HOMO-1)定义为第二高的占有轨道能级，(HOMO-2)为第三高的占有轨道能级，以此类推。(LUMO+1)定义为第二低的未占有轨道能级，(LUMO+2)为第三低的占有轨道能级，以此类推。这些能级都可以通过下述的模拟方法确定。
在一个较为优选的实施例中，有机化合物H具有较大的谐振因子f(Sn)(n≥1)；一般的f(S1)≥0.10，较好是≥0.20，更好是≥0.30，更更好是≥0.40，特别好是≥0.50，最好是≥0.60。所述的谐振因子f(Sn)可由下述的方法计算得到。
在一个进一步的实施例中，f(S1)≥0.70，较好是≥0.80，更好是≥0.90，更更好是≥1.00，特别好是≥1.2，最好是≥1.6。
在某些实施例中，有机化合物H具有较低的HOMO，一般是≤-4.6eV，较好是≤-4.7eV，更好是≤-4.8eV，更更好是≤-4.9eV，特别好是≤-5.1eV，最好是≤-5.2eV。
在一个较为优选的实施例中，所述的有机化合物H在有机溶剂中有较高的溶解度。优选的，在甲苯中，有机化合物H的溶解度一般是≥10mg/mL，优选是≥20mg/mL，较好是≥40mg/mL，更好是≥70mg/mL，更更好是≥100mg/mL，最好是≥150/mL。
在下面列出一些合适的有机化合物H的例子(但不限于)，其可进一步被任意取代:





















按照本发明的组合物，所述发光体E的吸收光谱和有机化合物H的发射光谱都有较大的重叠，相互之间可以实现较为高效的能量转移(resonance energy transfer(FRET))。
在某些优选的实施例中，所述的组合物，其发光光谱完全来自发光体E，即发光体E和有机化合物H之间实现完全的能量转移。
在某些实施例中，所述的组合物包含2种以上的有机化合物H。
在某些实施例中，所述的有机化合物H选自按照化学式(1)-(1e)或(2)-(2e)之一。
在一个优选的实施例中，所述的组合物中，所述的有机化合物H和发光体E重量比为从50：50到99：1，较好是从60：40到98：2，更好是从70：30到97：3，最好是从80：20到95：5。
本发明还涉及另一种组合物Z2，包含一种有机化合物H2、一种发光体D2和一种有机树脂，其特征在于，1)所述有机化合物H2的发光谱在所述发光体D2的吸收谱的短波长的一侧，且至少部分相互重叠；2)所述发光体D2包含有上述化学式(3)或(4)所示的结构单元。
在一个优先的实施例中，所述的另一种组合物Z2中，其中有机化合物H2选自如下化学式(1)-(4)之一所示的结构单元的化合物，

其中使用的符号与标记具有以下含义：
R101-R104是取代基，可相同或不同的选自具有1至20个C原子的直链的烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、硫代烷氧基基团，或者具有3至20个C原子的支链或环状的烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、硫代烷氧基基团、甲硅烷基基团，或者具有1至20个C原子的取代的酮基基团，或者具有2至20个C原子的烷氧基羰基基团，或者具有7至20个C原子的芳氧基羰基，或者氰基、氨基甲酰基、卤甲酰基、甲酰基(-C(＝O)-H)、异氰基、异氰酸酯基团、硫氰酸酯、异硫氰酸酯、羟基、硝基、CF3、Cl、Br、F、I、可交联的基团，或者具有5至40个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系，或者具有5至40个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团，或者具有5至40个环原子的芳胺基或杂芳胺基基团，以上取代基任意位置的二取代单元或这些取代基的组合；
u、w独立选自1到10的自然数，v、x独立选自1到12的自然数，
在一个实施例中，所述化合物H2包含至少一个醇溶性或水溶性基团，如申请号为PCT/CN2022/085363的在先中国专利所公开的；在另一个实施例中，所述化合物H2包含至少一个可交联基团，如申请号为PCT/CN2022/085362的在先中国专利所公开的；特将此两个专利文献并入此文作为参考。
在一个特别优先的实施例中，所述的另一种组合物Z2中，其中发光体D2选自上述的化学式(3a)，(4a)，(3b)，(4b)，(3c)，(4c)，(3d)，(4d1)，(4d2)。加上
在一种特别优选的实施例中，按照本发明的组合物或另一种组合物Z2还包含一种有机树脂和/或一种溶剂。出于本发明的目的，所述有机树脂是指树脂预聚体或其交联或固化后形成的树脂。
在一种特别优选的实施例中，按照本发明的组合物或另一种组合物Z2还包含一种有机树脂；在一个优选的实施例中，所述的组合物包含两种及以上的有机树脂。
适合本发明的有机树脂，包括但不限制于：聚苯乙烯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚碳酸酯、聚胺酯、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚氯乙烯、聚丁烯、聚乙二醇、聚硅氧烷、聚丙烯酸酯、环氧树脂、聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯腈、聚偏二氯乙烯(PVDC)、聚苯乙烯-丙烯腈(SAN)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚丁酸乙烯酯(PVB)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚酰胺、聚甲醛、聚酰亚胺、聚醚酰亚胺或其混合物。
进一步，适合本发明的有机树脂，包含但不限制于由以下单体(树脂预聚体)均聚或共聚形成：苯乙烯衍生物、丙烯酸酯衍生物、丙烯腈衍生物、丙烯酰胺衍生物、乙烯酯衍生物、乙烯醚衍生物、马来酰亚胺衍生物、共轭二烯烃衍生物。
苯乙烯衍生物的例子有：烷基苯乙烯，如α-甲基苯乙烯，邻-、间-、对-甲基苯乙烯，对丁基苯乙烯，尤其是对叔丁基苯乙烯，烷氧基苯乙烯如对甲氧基苯乙烯、对丁氧基苯乙烯、对叔丁氧基苯乙烯。
丙烯酸酯衍生物的例子有：丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸正丙酯、甲基丙烯酸正丙酯、丙烯酸异丙酯、甲基丙烯酸异丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、甲基丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸异丁酯、甲基丙烯酸异丁酯、丙烯酸仲丁酯、甲基丙烯酸仲丁酯、丙烯酸叔丁酯、甲基丙烯酸叔丁酯、丙烯酸2-羟基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-羟基乙酯、丙烯酸2-羟基丙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-羟基丙酯、丙烯酸3-羟基丙酯、甲基丙烯酸3-羟基丙酯、丙烯酸2-羟基丁酯、甲基丙烯酸2-羟基丁酯、丙烯酸3-羟基丁酯、甲基丙烯酸3-羟基丁酯、丙烯酸4-羟基 丁酯、甲基丙烯酸4-羟基丁酯、丙烯酸烯丙酯、甲基丙烯酸烯丙酯、丙烯酸苄酯、甲基丙烯酸苄酯、丙烯酸环己酯、甲基丙烯酸环己酯、丙烯酸苯酯、甲基丙烯酸苯酯、丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-甲氧基乙酯、丙烯酸2-苯氧基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-苯氧基乙酯、甲氧基二甘醇丙烯酸酯、甲氧基二甘醇甲基丙烯酸酯、甲氧基三甘醇丙烯酸酯、甲氧基三甘醇甲基丙烯酸酯、甲氧基丙二醇丙烯酸酯、甲氧基丙二醇甲基丙烯酸酯、甲氧基二丙二醇丙烯酸酯、甲氧基二丙二醇甲基丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸异冰片酯、甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯、丙烯酸双环戊二烯酯、甲基丙烯酸双环戊二烯酯、(甲基)丙烯酸金刚烷酯、(甲基)丙烯酸降冰片酯、丙烯酸2-羟基-3-苯氧基丙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-羟基-3-苯氧基丙酯、单丙烯酸甘油酯和单甲基丙烯酸甘油酯；丙烯酸2-氨基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-氨基乙酯、丙烯酸2-二甲基氨基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-二甲基氨基乙酯、N,N-二甲基氨基乙基(甲基)丙烯酸、N,N-二乙基氨基乙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸2-氨基丙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-氨基丙酯、丙烯酸2-二甲基氨基丙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-二甲基氨基丙酯、丙烯酸3-氨基丙酯、甲基丙烯酸3-氨基丙酯、N,N-二甲基-1,3-丙二胺(甲基)丙烯酸苄酯、丙烯酸3-二甲基氨基丙酯和甲基丙烯酸3-二甲基氨基丙酯；丙烯酸缩水甘油酯和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯；
丙烯腈衍生物的例子有：丙烯腈、甲基丙烯腈、α-氯丙烯腈和偏二氰基乙烯；
丙烯酰胺衍生物的例子有：丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酰胺、α-氯丙烯酰胺、N-2-羟乙基丙烯酰胺和N-2-羟乙基甲基丙烯酰胺；
乙烯酯衍生物的例子有：乙酸乙烯酯、丙酸乙烯酯、丁酸乙烯酯和苯甲酸乙烯酯；
乙烯醚衍生物的例子有：乙烯基甲基醚、乙烯基乙基醚和烯丙基缩水甘油基醚；
马来酰亚胺衍生物的例子有：马来酰亚胺、苄基马来酰亚胺、N-苯基马来酰亚胺和N-环己基马来酰亚胺；
共轭二烯烃衍生物的例子有：1,3-丁二烯、异戊二烯和氯丁二烯；
所述的均聚物或共聚物可以通过例如自由基聚合、阳离子聚合、阴离子聚合或有机金属催化聚合(例如Ziegler-Natta催化)进行制备。聚合的工艺可以是悬浮聚合、乳液聚合、溶液聚合或本体聚合。
所述的有机树脂通常具有10 000-1 000 000g/mol，优选20 000-750000g/mol，更优选30 000-500 000g/mol的平均摩尔质量Mn(由GPC测定)。
在一些优选的实施例中，有机树脂为热固性树脂或紫外(UV)可固化树脂。在一些实施例中，用将促进卷对卷加工的方法固化有机树脂。
热固性树脂需要固化，在固化中它们会经历不可逆的分子交联过程，这使得树脂不可熔化。在一些实施例中，热固性树脂为环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、乙烯基树脂、三聚氰胺树脂、脲醛树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂、聚氨酯树脂、烯丙基树脂、丙烯酸类树脂、聚酰胺树脂、聚酰胺-酰亚胺树脂、酚胺缩聚树脂、脲三聚氰胺缩聚树脂或其组合。
在一些实施例中，热固性树脂为环氧树脂。环氧树脂易于固化，不会放出挥发物或因广泛的化学品而生成副产物。环氧树脂也可与大多数基板相容并往往易于润湿表面。参见Boyle,M.A.等人，“Epoxy Resins”,Composites,Vol.21,ASM Handbook,pages 78-89(2001)。
在一些实施例中，有机树脂为有机硅热固性树脂。在一些实施例中，有机硅热固性树脂为0E6630A或0E6630B(Dow Corning Corporation(密歇根州奥本市))。
在一些实施例中，使用热引发剂。在一些实施例中，热引发剂为AIBN[2,2’-偶氮双(2-甲基丙腈)]或过氧化苯甲酰。
UV可固化树脂是在暴露于特定波长的光时将固化并快速硬化的聚合物。在一些实施例中，UV可固化树脂为具有自由基聚合基团、阳离子可聚合基团作为官能团的树脂。所述自由基聚合基团为例如(甲基)丙烯酰氧基基团、乙烯基氧基基团、苯乙烯基基团或乙烯基基团；所述阳离子可聚合基团为例如环氧基基团、硫代环氧基基团、乙烯基氧基基团或氧杂环丁烷基基团。 在一些实施例中，UV可固化树脂为聚酯树脂、聚醚树脂、(甲基)丙烯酸类树脂、环氧树脂、聚氨酯树脂、醇酸树脂、螺缩醛树脂、聚丁二烯树脂或硫代烯树脂。
在一些实施例中，UV可固化树脂选自聚氨酯丙烯酸酯、烯丙氧基化的二丙烯酸环己酯、双(丙烯酰氧基乙基)羟基异氰脲酸酯、双(丙烯酰氧基新戊基二醇)己二酸酯、双酚A二丙烯酸酯、双酚A二甲基丙烯酸酯、1,4-丁二醇二丙烯酸酯、1,4-丁二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、1,3-丁二醇二丙烯酸酯、1,3-丁二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、二环戊基二丙烯酸酯、二乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、二乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇六丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇单羟基五丙烯酸酯、二(三羟甲基丙烷)四丙烯酸酯、三乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸甘油酯、1,6-己二醇二丙烯酸酯、新戊二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、新戊二醇羟基新戊酸二丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇四丙烯酸酯、磷酸二甲基丙烯酸酯、聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、聚丙二醇二丙烯酸酯、四乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、四溴双酚A二丙烯酸酯、三乙二醇二乙烯基醚、二丙烯酸三甘油酯、三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、三丙二醇二丙烯酸酯、三(丙烯酰氧基乙基)异氰脲酸酯、磷酸三丙烯酸酯、磷酸二丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸焕丙基酯、乙烯基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷、乙烯基封端二苯基硅氧烷-二甲基硅氧烷共聚物、乙烯基封端聚苯基甲基硅氧烷、乙烯基封端二氟甲基硅氧烷-二甲基硅氧烷共聚物、乙烯基封端二乙基硅氧烷-二甲基硅氧烷共聚物、乙烯基甲基硅氧烷、单甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷、单乙烯基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷、单烯丙基-单三甲基甲硅烷氧基封端聚环氧乙烷及其组合。
在一些实施例中，UV可固化树脂为巯基官能化合物，其可在UV固化条件下与异氰酸酯、环氧树脂或不饱和化合物交联。在一些实施例中，巯基官能化合物为多硫醇。在一些实施例中，多硫醇为季戊四醇四(3-巯基丙酸酯)(PETMP)；三羟甲基丙烷三(3-巯基丙酸酯)(TMPMP)；乙二醇二(3-巯基丙酸酯)(GDMP)；三[25-(3-巯基-丙酰氧基)乙基]异氰尿酸酯(TEMPIC)；二季戊四醇六(3-巯基丙酸酯)(Di-PETMP)；乙氧基化三羟甲基丙烷三(3-巯基丙酸酯)(ETTMP 1300和ETTMP 700)；聚己内酯四(3-巯基丙酸酯)(PCL4MP1350)；季戊四醇四巯基乙酸酯(PETMA)；三羟甲基丙烷三巯基乙酸酯(TMPMA)；或乙二醇二巯基乙酸酯(GDMA)。这些化合物由Bruno Bock(德国马尔沙赫特)以商品名出售。
在一些实施例中，UV可固化树脂还包含光引发剂。光引发剂将在暴露于光的过程中引发光敏材料的交联和/或固化反应。在一些实施例中，光引发剂是基于苯乙酮的、基于安息香的或基于噻吨酮的。
在一些实施例中，UV可固化树脂包含巯基官能化合物和甲基丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯、异氰酸酯或其组合。在一些实施例中，UV可固化树脂包括多硫醇和甲基丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯、异氰酸酯或其组合。
在一些实施例中，光引发剂为MINS-311RM(Minuta Technology Co.,Ltd(韩国))。
在一些实施例中，光引发剂为127、184、184D、2022、2100、250、270、2959、369、369EG、379、500、651、754、784、819、819DW、907、907FF、OxeOl、TPO-L、1173、1173D、4265、BP或MBF(BASF Corporation(密歇根州怀恩多特))。在一些实施例中，光引发剂为TPO(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰-二苯基-氧化麟)或MBF(苯甲酰甲酸甲酯)。
在一些实施例中，有机树脂按组合物的重量百分数(重量/重量)计在约20％至约99％、约20％至约95％、约20％至约90％、约20％至约85％、约20％至约80％、约20％至约70％、约20％至约60％、约40％至约99％、约40％至约95％、约40％至约90％、约40％至约85％、约40％至约80％、约40％至约70％、约70％至约99％、约70％至约95％、约70％至约90％、 约70％至约85％、约70％至约80％、约80％至约99％、约80％至约95％、约80％至约90％、约80％至约85％、约85％至约99％、约85％至约95％、约85％至约90％、约90％至约99％、约90％至约95％、或约95％至约99％之间。
本发明还涉及一种组合物或另一种组合物Z2，包含至少一种溶剂。在一个优选的实施例中，按照本发明的组合物是一溶液。
在另一个优选的实施例中，按照本发明的组合物或另一种组合物Z2是一悬浮液。
本发明实施例中的组合物中可以包括0.01wt％至20wt％的发光体E，较好的是0.1wt％至30wt％，更好的是0.2wt％至20wt％，最好的是2wt％至15wt％的发光体E。
本发明实施例中的另一种组合物Z2中可以包括0.01wt％至20wt％的发光体D2，较好的是0.1wt％至30wt％，更好的是0.2wt％至20wt％，最好的是2wt％至15wt％的发光体D2。
按照本发明的组合物或另一种组合物Z2，可以使用喷墨打印、转印、光刻等方法来形成颜色转换层。此时，需将所述的有机化合物H(即颜色转换材料)单独或与其他材料一起溶解在树脂(预聚体)和/或有机溶剂中，形成油墨。本发明所述的有机化合物H(即颜色转换材料)在油墨中的质量浓度不低于0.1wt％。可以通过调节油墨中颜色转换材料的浓度和颜色转换层的厚度来改善颜色转换层的颜色转换能力。一般而言，颜色转换材料的浓度越高或厚度越厚，颜色转换层的颜色转换率越高。
在一些优选的实施例中，所述的溶剂选自水、醇、酯、芳族酮或芳族醚、脂肪族酮或脂肪族醚、或硼酸酯或磷酸酯等无机酯类化合物，或两种及两种以上溶剂的组合物。
在另一些实施例中，适当的和优选的溶剂是脂肪族、脂环族或芳烃族、胺、硫醇、酰胺、腈、酯、醚、聚醚、醇、二醇或多元醇。
在另一些实施例中，醇代表适当类别的溶剂。优选的醇包括烷基环己醇，特别是甲基化的脂肪族醇，萘酚等。
另外适当的醇类溶剂的例子有：十二醇，苯基十三醇，苯甲醇，乙二醇，乙二醇甲醚，丙三醇，丙二醇，丙二醇乙醚等。
所述的溶剂可以是单独使用，也可以是作为两种或多种有机溶剂的组合物使用。
进一步，有机溶剂的例子，包括(但不限于)：甲醇、乙醇、2-甲氧基乙醇、二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、氯苯、邻二氯苯、四氢呋喃、苯甲醚、吗啉、甲苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯、对二甲苯、1,4-二氧杂环己烷、丙酮、甲基乙基酮、1,2-二氯乙烷、3-苯氧基甲苯、1,1,1-三氯乙烷、1,1,2,2-四氯乙烷、醋酸乙酯、醋酸丁酯、二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基乙酰胺、二甲基亚砜、四氢萘、萘烷、茚和/或它们的组合物。
在一些优选的实施例中，按照本发明的一种组合物或另一种组合物Z2，其中所述的溶剂选自芳族或杂芳族、酯、芳族酮或芳族醚、脂肪族酮或脂肪族醚、脂环族或烯烃类化合物，或硼酸酯或磷酸酯等无机酯类化合物，或两种及两种以上溶剂的组合物。
按照本发明的基于芳族或杂芳族溶剂的例子有，但不限于：1-四氢萘酮、3-苯氧基甲苯、苯乙酮、1-甲氧基萘、对二异丙基苯、戊苯、四氢萘、环己基苯、氯萘、1,4-二甲基萘、3-异丙基联苯、对甲基异丙苯、二戊苯、邻二乙苯、间二乙苯、对二乙苯、1,2,3,4-四甲苯、1,2,3,5-四甲苯、1,2,4,5-四甲苯、丁苯、十二烷基苯、1-甲基萘、1,2,4-三氯苯、1,3-二丙氧基苯、4,4-二氟二苯甲烷、二苯醚、1,2-二甲氧基-4-(1-丙烯基)苯、二苯甲烷、2-苯基吡啶、3-苯基吡啶、2-苯氧基甲醚、2-苯氧基四氢呋喃、乙基-2-萘基醚、N-甲基二苯胺、4-异丙基联苯、α，α-二氯二苯甲烷、4-(3-苯基丙基)吡啶、苯甲酸苄酯、1,1-双(3,4-二甲基苯基)乙烷、2-异丙基萘、二苄醚等。
在另一些实施例中，适当的和优选的溶剂是脂肪族、脂环族或芳烃族、胺、硫醇、酰胺、腈、酯、醚、聚醚。
所述的溶剂可以是环烷烃，例如十氢化萘。
在另一些优选的实施例中，按照本发明的一种组合物或另一种组合物Z2，其中包含至少50wt％的醇类溶剂；优选至少80wt％的醇类溶剂；特别优选至少90wt％的醇类溶剂。
一些优选的实施例中，特别适合本发明的溶剂是汉森(Hansen)溶解度参数在以下范围内的溶剂：
δd(色散力)在17.0-23.2MPa1/2的范围，尤其是在18.5-21.0MPa1/2的范围；
δp(极性力)在0.2-12.5MPa1/2的范围，尤其是在2.0-6.0MPa1/2的范围；
δh(氢键力)在0.9-14.2MPa1/2的范围，尤其是在2.0-6.0MPa1/2的范围。
按照本发明的组合物，其中溶剂在选取时需考虑其沸点参数。本发明中，所述的溶剂的沸点≥150℃；优选为≥180℃；较优选为≥200℃；更优为≥250℃；最优为≥275℃或≥300℃。这些范围内的沸点对防止喷墨印刷头的喷嘴堵塞是有益的。所述的溶剂可从溶剂体系中蒸发，以形成包含功能材料薄膜。
在一些优选的实施例中，按照本发明的组合物：
1)其粘度@25℃，在1cPs到100cPs范围，和/或
2)其表面张力@25℃，在19dyne/cm到50dyne/cm范围。
按照本发明的组合物，其中树脂(预聚体)或有机溶剂在选取时需考虑其表面张力参数。合适的表面张力参数适合于特定的基板和特定的印刷方法。例如对喷墨印刷，在一个优选的实施例中，所述的树脂(预聚体)或有机溶剂在25℃下的表面张力约在19dyne/cm到50dyne/cm范围；更优是在22dyne/cm到35dyne/cm范围；最优是在25dyne/cm到33dyne/cm范围。
在一个优选的实施例中，按照本发明的组合物或另一种组合物Z2在25℃下的表面张力约在19dyne/cm到50dyne/cm范围；更好是在22dyne/cm到35dyne/cm范围；最好是在25dyne/cm到33dyne/cm范围。
按照本发明的组合物或另一种组合物Z2，其中树脂(预聚体)或溶剂在选取时需考虑其油墨的粘度参数。粘度可以通过不同的方法调节，如通过合适的树脂(预聚体)或溶剂的选取和油墨中功能材料的浓度。在一个优选的实施例中，所述的树脂(预聚体)或溶剂的粘度低于100cps；更优为低于50cps；最优为为1.5到20cps。这里的粘度是指在印刷时的环境温度下的粘度，一般在15-30℃，较好的是18-28℃，更好是20-25℃，最好是23-25℃。如此配制的组合物将特别适合于喷墨印刷。
在一个优选的实施例中，按照本发明的组合物或另一种组合物Z2，在25℃下的粘度约在1cps到100cps范围；更好是在1cps到50cps范围；最好是在1.5cps到20cps范围。
满足上述沸点及表面张力参数及粘度参数的树脂(预聚体)或有机溶剂获得的油墨能够形成具有均匀厚度及组成性质的功能材料薄膜。
本发明进一步涉及一种有机功能材料薄膜，所述有机功能材料薄膜包含一种如上所述的组合物，或利用一种如上所述的组合物制备所得。
本发明还提供一种所述有机功能材料薄膜的制备方法，包含如下步骤：
1)制备一种按照本发明的组合物。
2)用印刷或涂布的方法将所述的组合物涂布于一基板上形成一薄膜，其中印刷或涂布的方法选于喷墨打印，喷印(Nozzle Printing)，活版印刷，丝网印刷，浸涂，旋转涂布，刮刀涂布，辊筒印花，扭转辊印刷，平版印刷，柔版印刷，轮转印刷，喷涂，刷涂或移印，狭缝型挤压式涂布。
3)将所得的薄膜在加热到至少50℃或加上紫外光照，使之发生交联反应，固化薄膜。
所述的有机功能材料薄膜厚度一般为50nm-100μm，较好为100nm-50μm，更好为300nm-30μm，更更好为300nm-10μm，最好为300nm-10μm。
本发明还提供上述组合物及有机功能材料薄膜在光电器件中的应用。
在某些实施例中，所述光电器件可选于，颜色转换器、有机发光二极管(OLED)、有机 光伏电池(OPV)、有机发光电池(OLEEC)、有机发光场效应管、有机激光器。
更进一步，本发明提供一种光电器件，包含一种上述的组合物或有机功能材料薄膜。
优选的，所述的光电器件是电致发光器件，如颜色转换器、有机发光二极管(OLED)、有机发光电池(OLEEC)、有机发光场效应管、钙钛矿发光二极管(PeLED)、及量子点发光二极管(QD-LED)，其中一功能层中包含一种上述的有机功能材料薄膜。所述功能层可以选自空穴注入层、空穴传输层、电子注入层、电子传输层、发光层、阴极钝化层(CPL)及封装层(TFE)。
在一个优选的实施例中，所述光电器件是电致发光器件，包含两个电极，所述功能层位于所述的两个电极的同一侧。
在另一个优选的实施例中，所述光电器件包含一发光单元和一颜色转换层(功能层)，其中所述颜色转换层包含一种上述的组合物或有机功能材料薄膜。
在某些实施例中，所述颜色转换层吸收掉≤60％，较好是≤50％，更好是≤40％，最好是≤30％及以上发光单元的光。在这些实施例中，通过颜色转换层可以得到多色光，甚至白光。在一个优选的实施例中，所述颜色转换层吸收掉95％及以上，较好是97％及以上，更好是99％及以上，最好是99.9％及以上发光单元的光。
在某些优选的实施例中，所述发光单元选自固体发光器件。所述固体发光器件优先选自LED、机发光二极管(OLED)、有机发光电池(OLEEC)、有机发光场效应管、钙钛矿发光二极管(PeLED)、量子点发光二极管(QD-LED)及纳米棒LED(nanorod LED，参见DOI:10.1038/srep28312)。
在一个优选的实施例中，所述发光单元发射蓝光，通过颜色转换层转换成绿光或红光。
在另一个优选的实施例中，所述发光单元发射绿光，通过颜色转换层转换成黄光或红光。
本发明进一步涉及一种显示器，包含至少红绿蓝三种像素，如图1所示，蓝光像素包含一个蓝光发光单元，红绿光像素包含一蓝光发光单元和相应的红绿颜色转换层。
本发明进一步涉及一种有机发光器件，自下而上依次包含第一电极，有机发光层，第二电极，颜色转换层，及最外面的封装层，所述第二电极至少是部分透明，所述的颜色转换层至少部分吸收所述有机发光层所发的透过第二电极的光，其中，所述颜色转换层包含一种如上所述的组合物，或利用一种如上所述的组合物制备所得。优选的，所述有机化合物H的发光谱在所述发光体E的吸收谱的短波长的一侧，且至少部分相互重叠。优选的，所述的发光体E的发光谱的FWHM小于或等于55nm。所述的发光层可以包含有机材料，量子点或钙钛矿材料作为发光材料。
所述的有机发光器件可以进一步包含一基板，其可以位于所述的第一电极的下面或所述的第二电极的上面。
所述的有机化合物H和发光体E及其优选实施例如上所述。
在某些实施例中，所述的颜色转换层吸收掉≤60％，较好是≤50％，更好是≤40％，最好是≤30％及以上有机发光层所发的透过第二电极的光。
在一个优选的实施例中，所述的颜色转换层能吸收95％及以上，较好是97％及以上，更好是99％及以上，最好是99.9％及以上有机发光层所发的透过第二电极的光。
在某些实施例中，所述的颜色转换层的厚度在100nm-2μm之间，较好是在150nm-10μm之间，更好是200nm-8μm之间，最好是在200nm-6μm之间，最好是在200nm-4μm之间。
在一个优选的实施例中，所述的有机发光器件是OLED。更优选的，第一电极是阳极，第二电极是阴极。特别优选的，所述的有机发光器件是顶发射(Top Emission)OLED。
基片可以是不透明或透明。一个透明的基板可以用来制造一个透明的发光元器件。例如可参见，Bulovic等Nature 1996,380,p29，和Gu等，Appl.Phys.Lett.1996,68,p2606。基片可以是刚性的或弹性的。基片可以是塑料、金属、半导体晶片或玻璃。最好是基片有一个平滑的表 面。无表面缺陷的基板是特别理想的选择。在一个优选的实施例中，基片是柔性的，可选于聚合物薄膜或塑料，其玻璃化温度(Tg)为150℃以上，较好是超过200℃，更好是超过250℃，最好是超过300℃。合适的柔性基板的例子有聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)和聚乙二醇(2,6-萘)(PEN)。
阳极可包括一导电金属或金属氧化物，或导电聚合物。阳极可以容易地注入空穴到空穴注入层(HIL)或空穴传输层(HTL)或发光层中。在一个优选的实施例中，阳极的功函数和发光层中的发光体或作为HIL或HTL或电子阻挡层(EBL)的p型半导体材料的HOMO能级或价带能级的差的绝对值小于0.5eV，较好是小于0.3eV，最好是小于0.2eV。阳极材料的例子包括但不限于：Al、Cu、Au、Ag、Mg、Fe、Co、Ni、Mn、Pd、Pt、ITO、铝掺杂氧化锌(AZO)等。其他合适的阳极材料是已知的，本领域普通技术人员可容易地选择使用。阳极材料可以使用任何合适的技术沉积，如一合适的物理气相沉积法，包括射频磁控溅射，真空热蒸发，电子束(e-beam)等。在某些实施例中，阳极是图案结构化的。图案化的ITO导电基板可在市场上买到，并且可以用来制备根据本发明的器件。
阴极可包括一导电金属或金属氧化物。阴极可以容易地注入电子到EIL或ETL或直接到发光层中。在一个优选的实施例中，阴极的功函数和发光层中发光体或作为电子注入层(EIL)或电子传输层(ETL))或空穴阻挡层(HBL)的n型半导体材料的LUMO能级或导带能级的差的绝对值小于0.5eV，较好是小于0.3eV，最好是小于0.2eV。原则上，所有可用作OLED的阴极的材料都可能作为本发明器件的阴极材料。阴极材料的例子包括但不限于：Al、Au、Ag、Ca、Ba、Mg、LiF/Al、MgAg合金、BaF2/Al、Cu、Fe、Co、Ni、Mn、Pd、Pt、ITO等。阴极材料可以使用任何合适的技术沉积，如一合适的物理气相沉积法，包括射频磁控溅射，真空热蒸发，电子束(e-beam)等。在一个优选的实施例中，所述的阴极在400nm-680nm范围的透光度≥40％，较好是≥45％，更好是≥50％，最好是≥60％。通常是10nm-20nm的Mg：Ag合金可以用来做透明阴极，Mg：Ag的比例可以从2：8到0.5：9.5。
当所述有机发光器件是OLED时，发光层优选包含一蓝光荧光主体和一蓝光荧光客体。在另一个优选的实施例中，发光层包含一蓝光磷光主体和一蓝光磷光客体。OLED还可以包含其他功能层，如空穴注入层(HIL)、空穴传输层(HTL)、电子阻挡层(EBL)、电子注入层(EIL)、电子传输层(ETL)、空穴阻挡层(HBL)。适合用于这些功能层中的材料在上面及在WO2010135519A1、US20090134784A1和WO2011110277A1中有详细的描述，特此将此3篇专利文件中的全部内容并入本文作为参考。
进一步，所述电致发光器件还可包括一个阴极覆盖层(Capping layer，简称CPL)。
在一个优选的实施例中，所述的CPL位于第二电极和所述的颜色转换层之间。
在另一个优选的实施例中，所述的CPL位于所述的颜色转换层之上。
用于CPL的材料一般需要有较高的折射率n，如n≥1.95@460nm，较好的n≥1.90@520nm，更好的n≥1.85@620nm。用于CPL材料的例子有：
更多的进一步的CPL材料的例子可以在如下的专利文献中找到：KR20140128653A， KR20140137231A，KR20140142021A，KR20140142923A，KR20140143618A，KR20140145370A，KR20150004099A，KR20150012835A，US9496520B2，US2015069350A1，CN103828485B，CN104380842B，CN105576143A，TW201506128A，CN103996794A，CN103996795A，CN104744450A，CN104752619A，CN101944570A，US2016308162A1，US9095033B2，US2014034942A1，WO2017014357A1；特将以上专利文献并入此文作为参考。
在一个较为优选的实施例中，颜色转换层中包含一种上述的CPL材料。在一个特别优选的实施例中，颜色转换层由一种上述CPL材料，上述有机化合物H和发光体E共蒸镀而成。在某些实施例中，上述有机化合物H的质量比为50％-20％，上述发光体E的质量比为3％-15％。
优选的，上述的有机发光器件，其中所述的封装层是薄膜封装(TFE)。
本发明进一步涉及一显示面板，其中至少有一个像素包含上述的有机发光器件。
所述的有机发光器件可选于，但不限于，颜色转换器、有机发光二极管(OLED)，有机光伏电池(OPV)，有机发光电池(OLEEC)，有机场效应管(OFET)，有机发光场效应管，有机激光器，有机自旋电子器件，有机传感器及有机等离激元发射二极管(Organic Plasmon Emitting Diode)等，特别优选的是有机电致发光器件，如OLED，OLEEC，有机发光场效应管。
下面将结合优选实施例对本发明进行说明，但本发明并不局限于下述实施例，应当理解，所附权利要求概括了本发明的范围在本发明构思的引导下本领域的技术人员应意识到，对本发明的各实施例所进行的一定的改变，都将被本发明的权利要求书的精神和范围所覆盖。
具体实施例
实施例1：化合物和高聚物合成例
1.化合物1的合成
将N-苯基-2-联苯胺(73.00g，297.23mmol)、1,3,6,8-四溴芘(34.2g，66.05mmol)、Pd-132(0.94g，1.32mmol)、X-Phos(0.94g)、叔丁醇钠(25.36g，264.19mmol)、1.2L二甲苯加入2000mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，抽真空充氮气循环三次后，加热至140℃回流反应12小时。反应结束后降至室温抽滤，滤液浓缩，将产品用热甲苯溶清趁热过保温硅胶柱，收集滤液浓缩得16.7g固体粉末，滤饼用二氯甲烷绒清并用饱和食盐水萃取三次后浓缩，合并有机相得35g粗品，粗品用3L二甲苯重结晶得23g固体粉末化合物1，产率29.8％。
2.化合物2的合成
将碘苯(50.00g，245.1mmol)、2,6-二甲基苯胺(29.68g，245.1mmol)、醋酸钯(0.56g，2.45mmol)、三叔丁基膦(1mL)、叔丁醇钠(47.06g，490.2mmol)、500mL甲苯加入1000mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，抽真空充氮气循环三次，加热至100℃回流反应5小时。 反应结束后降至室温，加入乙酸乙酯、饱和食盐水萃取三次，有机相浓缩过短硅胶柱(淋洗剂二氯甲烷：正己烷＝1：10)，收集产品浓缩后得45g黑褐色固体中间体2a，产率93.7％。
将中间体2a(39.00g，197.3mmol)、1,3,6,8-四溴芘(22.7g，48.3mmol)、Pd-132(0.62g，0.97mmol)、X-Phos(0.62g)、叔丁醇钠(16.8g，175.3mmol)、1L二甲苯加入2000mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，抽真空充氮气循环三次后，加热至140℃回流反应12小时。反应结束后降至室温，加入乙酸乙酯、饱和食盐水萃取三次，有机相浓缩，将产品用热甲苯溶清趁热过保温硅胶柱，收集滤液浓缩，加入正己烷打浆，抽滤，滤饼用正己烷冲洗得粗品5.1g。粗品用四氢呋喃加热打浆趁热抽滤得1g固体粉末化合物2，产率2.1％。
3.化合物3的合成
将2,6-二甲基苯胺(50.00g，413.2mmol)、2,6-二甲基溴苯(76g，413.2mmol)、醋酸钯(0.46g，2.05mmol)、三叔丁基膦(1mL)、叔丁醇钠(79.3g，826.04mmol)、500mL甲苯加入1000mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，抽真空充氮气循环三次，加热至100℃回流反应2.5小时。反应结束后降至室温，加入乙酸乙酯、饱和食盐水萃取三次，有机相浓缩过短硅胶柱(淋洗剂二氯甲烷：正己烷＝1：10)，收集产品浓缩后得88g固体中间体3a，产率94.6％。
将中间体3a(48.9g，217.33mmol)、1,3,6,8-四溴芘(25g，48.3mmol)、Pd-132(1.67g，2.35mmol)、三叔丁基膦四氟硼酸盐(1.67g)、叔丁醇钠(18.54g，193.13mmol)、1L二甲苯加入2000mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，抽真空充氮气循环三次后，加热至140℃回流反应12小时。反应结束后降至室温，加入二氯甲烷、饱和食盐水萃取三次，有机相浓缩，将产品用热甲苯溶清趁热过保温硅胶柱，收集滤液浓缩，加入正己烷打浆，抽滤，滤饼用正己烷冲洗得5g固体粉末化合物3，产率9.5％。
4.化合物4的合成
将2,6-二甲基苯胺(50.00g，413.2mmol)、4-叔丁基溴苯(88.00g，413.2mmol)、醋酸钯(0.46g，2.05mmol)、三叔丁基膦(1mL)、叔丁醇钠(59.5g，619.83mmol)、500mL甲苯加入1000mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，抽真空充氮气循环三次，加热至100℃回流反应2.5小时。反应结束后降至室温，加入乙酸乙酯、饱和食盐水萃取三次，有机相浓缩过短硅胶柱(淋洗剂二氯甲烷：正己烷＝1：10)，收集产品浓缩得93g固体中间体4a，产率89.4％。
将中间体4a(43.97g，173.79mmol)、1,3,6,8-四溴芘(20g，38.62mmol)、Pd-132(0.82g，1.16mmol)、S-Phos(0.82g)、叔丁醇钠(14.83g，154.48mmol)、1L二甲苯加入2000 mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，抽真空充氮气循环三次后，加热至140℃回流反应12小时。反应结束后降至室温，加入二氯甲烷、饱和食盐水萃取三次，有机相浓缩，将产品用热甲苯溶清趁热过保温硅胶柱，收集滤液浓缩得25g粗品，粗品用二甲苯重结晶得20g固体粉末化合物4，产率42.8％。
5.化合物5的合成
将4-叔丁基苯胺(23.94g，159.6mmol)、4-叔丁基溴苯(34.00g，159.6mmol)、醋酸钯(0.18g，0.8mmol)、三叔丁基膦(0.5mL)、叔丁醇钠(22.98g，239.4mmol)、500mL甲苯加入1000mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，抽真空充氮气循环三次，加热至100℃回流反应2.5小时。反应结束后降至室温，加入乙酸乙酯、饱和食盐水萃取三次，有机相浓缩过短硅胶柱(淋洗剂二氯甲烷：正己烷＝1：10)，收集产品浓缩得12g固体中间体5a，产率27.1％。
将中间体5a(10g，35.59mmol)、1,3,6,8-四溴芘(4g，7.72mmol)、Pd-132(0.27g，0.38mmol)、S-Phos(0.27g，与催化剂等量)、叔丁醇钠(3g，31.25mmol)、100mL二甲苯加入250mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，抽真空充氮气循环三次后，加热至140℃回流反应12小时。反应结束后降至室温，加入二氯甲烷、饱和食盐水萃取三次，浓缩有机相，将产品用热的二甲苯溶清趁热过保温硅胶柱，滤液浓缩得4g固体粉末化合物5，产率39.2％。
6.化合物6的合成
将2,6-二甲基苯胺(14.85g，122.73mmol)、6a-1(50.00g，128.87mmol)、醋酸钯(0.28g，1.25mmol)、X-Phos(0.28g)、碳酸铯(59.98g，184.09mmol)、500mL甲苯加入1000mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，抽真空充氮气循环三次，加热至100℃回流反应3.5小时。反应结束后降至室温，加入加入乙酸乙酯、饱和食盐水萃取三次，有机相浓缩过短硅胶柱(淋洗剂二氯甲烷：正己烷＝1：10)，收集产品浓缩得18g固体中间体6a，产率40.9％。
将中间体6a(18g，50.14mmol)、1,3,6,8-四溴芘(5.77g，11.14mmol)、Pd-132(0.16g，0.23mmol)、S-Phos(0.16g)、叔丁醇钠(4.28g，44.58mmol)、250mL二甲苯加入500mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，抽真空充氮气循环三次后，加热至140℃回流反应14小时。反应结束后降至室温，加入二氯甲烷、饱和食盐水萃取三次，合并有机相浓缩得到粗品，经硅胶柱层析分离纯化(淋洗剂二氯甲烷：石油醚＝1:20)，得到1.8g固体粉末化合物6，产率9.9％。
7.化合物7的合成
将2,6-二甲基苯胺(21g，173.55mmol)、3,5-二叔丁基溴苯(47.00g，174.72mmol)、醋酸钯(0.19g，0.85mmol)、三叔丁基膦(1mL)、叔丁醇钠(24.09g，250.09mmol)、500mL甲苯加入1000mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，抽真空充氮气循环三次，加热至100℃回流反应12小时。反应结束后降至室温，加入乙酸乙酯、饱和食盐水萃取三次，有机相浓缩过短硅胶柱(淋洗剂二氯甲烷：正己烷＝1：10)，收集产品浓缩后得48g油状物中间体7a，产率89.72％。
将中间体7a(53g，171.52mmol)、1,3,6,8-四溴芘(19.74g，38.12mmol)、Pd-132(0.54g，0.76mmol)、S-Phos(0.54g)、叔丁醇钠(14.64g，152.49mmol)、1L二甲苯加入2000mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，抽真空充氮气循环三次后，加热至140℃回流反应14小时。反应结束后降至室温，加入二氯甲烷、饱和食盐水萃取三次，有机相浓缩，将产品用热甲苯溶清趁热过保温硅胶柱，收集滤液浓缩得30g粗品，粗品用四氢呋喃重结晶得22.5g固体粉末化合物7，产率41.3％。
8.化合物8的合成
将2,6-二异丙基苯胺(24.9g，140.68mmol)、4-叔丁基溴苯(30.00g，140.85mmol)、醋酸钯(0.16g，0.71mmol)、三叔丁基膦(1mL)、叔丁醇钠(20.3g，211.46mmol)、500mL甲苯加入1000mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，抽真空充氮气循环三次，加热至100℃回流反应12小时。反应结束后降至室温，加入乙酸乙酯、饱和食盐水萃取三次，有机相浓缩过短硅胶柱(淋洗剂二氯甲烷：正己烷＝1：10)，收集产品浓缩得38g油状物中间体8a，产率86.9％。
将中间体8a(38g，122.98mmol)、1,3,6,8-四溴芘(14.15g，27.33mmol)、Pd-132(0.39g，0.55mmol)、S-Phos(0.39g)、叔丁醇钠(10.49g，109.27mmol)、1L二甲苯加入2000mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，抽真空充氮气循环三次后，加热至140℃回流反应14小时。反应结束后降至室温，加入二氯甲烷、饱和食盐水萃取三次,合并有机相浓缩，经硅胶柱层析分离纯化(淋洗剂二氯甲烷：石油醚＝1:20)，得到3.9g固体粉末化合物8，产率10％。
9.化合物9的合成
将2,6-二异丙基苯胺(40g，225.99mmol)、3,5-二叔丁基溴苯(60.79g，226.82mmol)、醋酸钯(0.25g，1.11mmol)、三叔丁基膦(1.5mL)、叔丁醇钠(32.5g，338.54mmol)、500mL甲苯加入1000mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，抽真空充氮气循环三次，加热至100℃回流反应12小时。反应结束后降至室温,加入乙酸乙酯、饱和食盐水萃取三次，有机相浓缩过短硅胶柱(淋洗剂二氯甲烷：正己烷＝1：10)，收集产品浓缩得76g固体中间体9a，产率92.1％。
将中间体9a(76g，208.22mmol)、1,3,6,8-四溴芘(23.96g，46.27mmol)、Pd-132(0.66g，0.93mmol)、S-Phos(0.66g)、叔丁醇钠(17.77g，185.10mmol.)、1L二甲苯加入2000mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，抽真空充氮气循环三次后，加热至140℃回流反应14小时。结束反应后降至室温，加入二氯甲烷，饱和食盐水萃取三次,合并有机相浓缩，经硅胶柱层析分离纯化(淋洗剂二氯甲烷：石油醚＝1:20)，得到7g固体粉末化合物9，收率9.1％。
10.化合物10的合成
将2,6-二乙基苯胺(24.9g，167.11mmol)、3,5-二叔丁基溴苯(43g，160.45mmol)、醋酸钯(0.19g，0.85mmol)、三叔丁基膦(1mL)、叔丁醇钠(24g，250.0mmol)、500mL甲苯加入1000mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，抽真空充氮气循环三次，加热至100℃回流反应12小时。反应结束后降至室温，加入乙酸乙酯、饱和食盐水萃取三次，合并有机相浓缩后过短硅胶柱(淋洗剂二氯甲烷：正己烷＝1：10)，收集产品浓缩得52g油状物中间体10a，收率96.3％。
将中间体10a(52g，154.30mmol)、1,3,6,8-四溴芘(17.76g，34.30mmol)、Pd-132(0.49g，0.69mmol)、S-Phos(0.49g)、叔丁醇钠(13.17g，137.19mmol，)、1L二甲苯加入2000mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，抽真空充氮气循环三次，加热至140℃回流反应14小时。反应结束后降至室温，加入二氯甲烷、饱和食盐水萃取三次,合并有机相浓缩，将产品用热甲苯溶清趁热过保温硅胶柱，收集滤液浓缩得15g粗品，粗品用四氢呋喃重结晶得9.6g固体粉末化合物10，产率18.5％。
11.化合物11的合成
将2,6-二乙基苯胺(34.98g，234.74mmol)、4-叔丁基溴苯(50g，234.74mmol)、醋酸钯(0.26g，1.16mmol)、三叔丁基膦(1.5mL)、叔丁醇钠(33.8g，352.08mmol)、500mL甲苯加入1000mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，抽真空充氮气循环三次，加热至100℃回流反应12小时。反应结束后降至室温，加入乙酸乙酯、饱和食盐水萃取三次，合并有机相浓缩后过短硅胶柱(淋洗剂二氯甲烷：正己烷＝1：10)，收集产品旋干得60g油状物中间体11a，产率90.9％。
将中间体11a(70g，249.11mmol)、1,3,6,8-四溴芘(30g，57.92mmol)、Pd-132(0.81g，1.14mmol)、S-Phos(0.81g)、叔丁醇钠(21.86g，227.71mmol)、1L二甲苯加入2000mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，抽真空充氮气循环三次后，加热至140℃回流反应14小时。反应结束后降至室温，加入二氯甲烷、饱和食盐水萃取三次,将产品用热甲苯溶清趁热过保温硅胶柱，收集滤液浓缩得10g粗品，粗品用四氢呋喃重结晶得4g固体粉末化合物11，产率5.2％。
其他材料：

化合物12-26的合成跟化合物1-11的类似。对比例1的合成按照PCT专利(国际公布号WO2022213993A1)，对比例2的合成按照US20150069350A1。

12.高聚物P1的合成，其中x:y＝1:10
将1-硝基芘(10g，40.44mmol)、500mLDCM加入1000mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，在黑暗条件下加入液溴(9.69g，121.3mmol)，抽真空充氮气循环三次，黑暗条件反应12小时，加入二氯甲烷、饱和食盐水萃取三次，旋转蒸发除去溶剂，用甲苯重结晶得15g固体粉末得到中间体P1a，产率76.2％。
将中间体P1a(15g，31.05mmol)、11a(41.55g，139.73mmol)、Pd(OAc)2(2.325mmol)、PtBu3(3.105mmol)、NaOtBu(26.85g，279.45mmol)、1L甲苯加入2000mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，抽真空充氮气循环三次后，加热至120℃回流反应24小时。反应结束后降至室温，加入二氯甲烷、饱和食盐水萃取三次,合并有机相浓缩后过短硅胶柱(淋洗剂乙酸乙酯：正己烷＝1：20)，收集产品旋干得24g中间体P1b，产率71.2％。
将中间体P1b(24g，22.11mmol)、SnCl2(20.89g，110.54mmol)、1.5L无水乙醇加入2000mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，抽真空充氮气循环三次后，加热至70℃反应1小时，将混合物倒入冰水中，加入碳酸氢钠溶液，使其略显碱性。沉淀物经过过滤和真空干燥，再溶于500mL无水乙醇，冷却至-5℃，边搅拌边缓慢加入NaNO2(2.42g，28.4mmol)的H2SO4溶液200mL，分批缓慢添加CuI(0.54g，2.84mmol)和I2(3.6g，28.4mmol)混合物，过滤，收集产品旋干得5g中间体P1c，产率19.4％。
将中间体P1c(5g，4.25mmol)、中间体P1d(2.1g，6.5mmol)、Pd(OAc)2(0.075g)、PtBu3(0.1g)、NaOtBu(1.25g，12.75mmol)、500mL甲苯加入1000mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，抽真空充氮气循环三次后，加热至120℃回流反应24小时。反应结束后降至室温，加入二氯甲烷、饱和食盐水萃取三次,合并有机相浓缩后过短硅胶柱(淋洗剂乙酸乙酯：正己烷＝1：20)，收集产品旋干得3.5g中间体P1e，产率61.2％。
将中间体P1e(3.5g，2.6mmol)、苯乙烯(2.70g，26mmol)、BPO(0.0624g，0.26mmol)、100mLDCM加入250mL干燥洁净的三口烧瓶中，抽真空充氮气循环三次后，搅拌，UV光照反应12小时。反应结束后，通过透析除去单体，干燥得到高聚物(P1)1.56g，产率25.1％。
作为绿光客体的E1和E2、E3的结构如下，其中E1购于上海麦克林生化科技有限公司，E2的合成见申请号为CN202211429395.8的在先专利申请,E3的合成见申请号为PCT/CN2023/131804的在先专利申请。
作为红光客体的E4的结构如下，其中E4合成见文献Chuluo Yang,et.al.,Adv.Mater.,2022,2201442。
实施例2：化合物的能级结构
有机材料的能级可通过量子计算得到，比如利用TD-DFT(含时密度泛函理论)通过Gaussian09W(Gaussian Inc.)，具体的模拟方法可参见WO2011141110。首先用密度泛函理论方法“Ground State/DFT/Default Spin/B3LYP”与基组“6-31G(d)”(Charge 0/Spin Singlet)来优化分子几何结构，然后有机分子的能量结构由TD-DFT(含时密度泛函理论)方法算得“TD-SCF/DFT/Default Spin/B3PW91”与基组“6-31G(d)”(Charge 0/Spin Singlet)。HOMO和LUMO能级按照下面的校准公式计算，S1和T1直接使用。
HOMO(eV)＝((HOMO(G)×27.212)-0.9899)/1.1206
LUMO(eV)＝((LUMO(G)×27.212)-2.0041)/1.385
其中HOMO(G)和LUMO(G)是Gaussian 09W的直接计算结果，单位为Hartree。结果如下表1所示。
表1

实施例3：化合物的溶解度
化合物在甲苯中的溶解度以如下方法确定：
1.取1000mg甲苯溶液置于透明玻璃样品瓶中。
2.称取一定质量化合物溶于甲苯中，振荡静置，待完全溶解。
3.化合物完全溶解后继续称取一定质量化合物溶于甲苯中，振荡静置。
4.重复上述步骤，直至有沉淀出现，化合物不再溶解。
5.记录下添加化合物的总质量，计算得到溶解度。
化合物1-26及E1-E4在甲苯中的溶解度如下表2。
表2
实施例4：化合物的Abs/UV及消光系数(溶液和薄膜对比)
化合物的消光系数及其在溶液中Abs/UV光谱以如下方法测定：
1.用容量瓶配置一定物质的量浓度的化合物甲苯溶液。
2.使用紫外可见光分光光度计(普析T9s)测量溶液的吸收光谱，得到吸收峰位置。
3.最大吸收峰的吸光度除以溶液物质的当量浓度即为该化合物的摩尔消光系数。
4.使用荧光光谱仪(日立,F-4700 FL Spectrophotometer)测量溶液的发射光谱，得到发射峰位置。
化合物在薄膜中Abs/UV光谱以如下方法测定：
1.配置一定浓度的化合物甲苯溶液。
2.将配好的甲苯溶液刮涂在干净的玻璃衬底上。
3.旋涂，80℃烘烤1min，得到化合物薄膜。
4.使用紫外可见光分光光度计(普析T9s)测量薄膜的吸收光谱，得到吸收峰位置。
5.使用荧光光谱仪(日立,F-4700 FL Spectrophotometer)测量薄膜的发射光谱，得到发射峰位置。
化合物的消光系数及其在溶液和薄膜中的吸收发射峰如下表3。
表3
上表3显示，所测的按照本发明的有机化合物H都具有较高的摩尔消光系数。
图2-图33显示了化合物1、2、4、6、7、10、11、16、17、20、21、22、23、24、25、26的甲苯溶液及薄膜的吸收和发射光谱图。从这些附图中可以得知，按照化学式(1a-1)的化合物1，和按照化学式(1a-3)的化合物2、4、6、7、10、11、22、23、24、25、26，其在溶 液及薄膜的吸收和发射光谱图非常类似，薄膜中光谱的红移非常小。这是由于芳胺中，芳基(这里是苯)上的邻位取代有效的防止了薄膜中分子间的堆积。类似的，按照化学式(1a-2)，(1a-4)，(1a-5)，(1a-6)的化合物也具有同样的性质。
另一方面，化合物16、17、20、21其薄膜中光谱相对溶液光谱有很大的红移，而且发光谱线变宽，这是由于薄膜中的分子堆积效应。虽然如此，结合其他化合物或高聚物形成混合物，化合物16、17、20、21还是有可能避免堆积，保持与溶液光谱类似的光谱，从而合适用于颜色转换层。
如上(实施例4)所述，化合物的光学性质：吸收和荧光发光光谱分别由光分光光度计(普析T9s)和荧光光谱仪(日立,F-4700 FL Spectrophotometer)测得。图34显示了化合物E1的甲苯溶液的吸收和发射光谱图；图35显示了化合物E2的甲苯溶液的吸收和发射光谱图；图36显示了E3的甲苯溶液的吸收和发射光谱图；图37显示了E4的甲苯溶液的吸收和发射光谱图；图38和图39分别显示了对比例1的甲苯溶液及薄膜的吸收和发射光谱图。对比例1的薄膜的发射光谱发生了较大的红移，虽然仍可作为绿光或红光主体，但可能会影响绿光的色纯度。相比之下，化合物2、4、6、7、10、11、22、23、24、25、26的薄膜光谱的红移非常小，更有利于制备高色纯度的CCL。
实施例5：化合物的光学性质及UV稳定性
化合物UV稳定性的测试方法如下：
配制1×10-5mol/L浓度的甲苯溶液，取3mL加到带盖子的比色皿中，旋紧盖子，置于紫外可见分光光度计中测试吸收光谱，最大吸收峰的吸光度记为初始值，将比色皿放置在距离紫外LED(365nm&255nm)12cm的位置，照射一段时间取出测试吸收光谱，测试完继续照射，如此反复直到吸光度衰减到原来的80％，记录下时间，记为t80。
各化合物的t80如下表4：
表4
图40显示了化合物1、2、4、6、7、10、11、16、17、20、22、23、24、26与对比例2的甲苯溶液UV光照后吸收衰减图。根据上表4及图40显示：1)相比对比例2，按照本发明的有机化合物H的光稳定，其稳定性大大提高；2)在结构相似的化合物16、17和20中，氟化的化合物16和17的稳定性比无氟化的化合物20的稳定性也有较大的提高。
实施例6：化合物薄膜蓝光稳定性
化合物10和对比例1的薄膜蓝光稳定性的测试方法如下：
蒸镀800nm左右化合物薄膜，用玻璃盖板封装，置于蓝光LED(460nm，3000cd/m2)上方2.5cm处用亮度计(弗士达，CS-2000A)测试亮度值，第一次测试的亮度值记为初始值，照射一段时间测试亮度，得到亮度衰减曲线，见图41。从图41可见，相比对比例1，化合物10的薄膜光稳定明显提高。
实施例7：颜色转换膜(CCL)的制备
7.1蒸镀薄膜：取化合物10和发光材料E1或E2或E3分别置于坩埚中，坩埚放入热蒸发设备，抽真空，真空度达到1×10-4Pa,开始加热坩埚，使两个有机化合物受热蒸发沉积到玻璃衬底上，达到目标厚度后停止加热，待冷却到80℃，热蒸发设备中充氮气达到大气压，然后打开腔体得到蒸镀CCL薄膜。
7.2溶液加工薄膜：取48mg化合物10溶于1mL甲苯溶液，搅拌30min，取2mg发光材料E1或E2或E3溶于溶液中，继续搅拌30min，取搅拌好的溶液滴在玻璃衬底上，旋涂，80℃加热5min，便得到CCL薄膜。
7.3树脂薄膜：取48mg化合物10溶于1mL树脂溶液，搅拌30min，取2mg发光材料E1或E2或E3溶于溶液中，继续搅拌30min，取搅拌好的溶液滴在玻璃衬底上，旋涂，紫外光固化，便得到CCL薄膜。
基于其他有机化合物的CCL可以以同样的方法按照7.1、7.2或7.3制得。
实施例8：OLED或LED+CCL膜的结果
1.顶发射蓝光OLED+树脂CCL：在顶发射蓝光OLED出光面上，按照上述7.3制备CCL树脂薄膜(E3和E4作为发光体)，厚度约为4μm。
2.底发射蓝光OLED+树脂CCL：在底发射蓝光OLED出光面上，按照上述7.3制备CCL树脂薄膜(E3作为发光体)，厚度约为4μm。
3.用亮度计(弗士达，CS-2000A)分别测试顶发射蓝光OLED、顶发射蓝光OLED+树脂CCL，底发射蓝光OLED、底发射蓝光OLED+树脂CCL的光谱。图42显示了顶发射蓝光OLED+树脂CCL(E3作为发光体)；图43显示了底发射蓝光OLED+树脂CCL(E3作为发光体)；图44显示了顶发射蓝光OLED+树脂CCL(E4作为发光体)。如图42和图43所示，按本发明的树脂CCL在顶发射和底发射器件中基本上可以全部吸收OLED的蓝光，并转换成窄光谱的绿光。如图44所示，按本发明的树脂CCL在顶发射器件中基本上可以全部吸收OLED的蓝光，并转换成窄光谱的红光。
实施例9：OLED with CCL(top OLED+蒸镀CCL)
1.顶发射蓝光OLED+蒸镀CCL：在顶发射蓝光OLED出光面上，按照上述7.1制备CCL蒸镀薄膜(E2作为发光体)，厚度为500nm。
2.用亮度计(弗士达，CS-2000A)分别测试顶发射蓝光OLED，顶发射蓝光OLED+蒸镀CCL。图45显示了顶发射蓝光OLED+蒸镀CCL，通过CCL膜可以得到发光谱较窄的绿光；但由于CCL膜较薄，仍有蓝光透过，增加CCL膜的厚度可以消除这个问题。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种组合物，包含一种如化学式(I)所示的有机化合物H、一种发光体E，其特征在于，1)所述有机化合物H的发光谱在所述发光体E的吸收谱的短波长的一侧，且至少部分相互重叠；2)所述发光体E的发光谱的半峰宽小于或等于55nm；
    其中：R101-R104在每次出现时，可相同或不同的选自H、D，或者具有1至20个C原子的直链的烷基、烯基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、硫代烷氧基基团，或者具有3至20个C原子的支链或环状的烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、硫代烷氧基基团、甲硅烷基基团，或者具有1至20个C原子的酮基基团，或者具有2至20个C原子的烷氧基羰基基团，或者具有4至20个C原子的芳氧基羰基基团，或者氰基、氨基甲酰基、卤甲酰基、甲酰基、异氰基、异氰酸酯、硫氰酸酯、异硫氰酸酯、羟基、硝基、CF3、Cl、Br、F、I、可交联的基团，或者具有5至40个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系，或者具有5至40个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团，或者具有5至40个环原子的芳胺基或杂芳胺基基团，以上基团任意位置的二取代单元或这些基团的组合；
    其特征在于，R101-R104中至少有一个选自化学式(Ia)，其中Ar1和Ar2相同或不同的选自取代或未取代的具有5至24个环原子的芳香族或杂芳香族，*代表与芘的连接位点。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于，R101-R104中至少有一个选自化学式(Ia-1)-(Ia-4)中的一个：
    其中：
    *、Ar1和Ar2的定义同权利要求1；
    R105-R108是取代基，在每次出现时，可相同或不同的选自具有1至20个C原子的直链的烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、硫代烷氧基基团，或者具有3至20个C原子的支链或环状的烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、硫代烷氧基基团、甲硅烷基基团，或者具有1至20个C原子的酮基基团，或者具有2至20个C原子的烷氧基羰基基团，或者具有4至20个C原子的芳氧基羰基基团，或者氰基、氨基甲酰基、卤甲酰基、甲酰基、异氰基、异氰酸酯、硫氰酸酯、异硫氰酸酯、羟基、硝基、CF3、Cl、Br、F、I、可交联的基团，或者具有5至40个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系，或者具有5至40个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团，或者具有5至40个环原子的芳胺基或杂芳胺基基团，或者它们的组合。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述发光体E包含有化学式(1)或(2)或(3)或(4)所示的结构单元：
    其中：
    Ar1-Ar3相同或不同的选自具有5-24个环原子的芳香族或杂芳香族；
    Ar4-Ar5相同或不同的选自空或具有5-24个环原子的芳香族或杂芳香族；
    当Ar4-Ar5不为空时，Xa和Xb在每次出现时独立选自N、C(R6)、Si(R6)，Ya和Yb在每次出现时独立选自B、P＝O、C(R6)、Si(R6)；
    当Ar4或Ar5为空时，Xb选自N、C(R6)、Si(R6)，Ya选自B、P＝O、C(R6)、Si(R6)，Xa和Yb在每次出现时独立选自N(R6)、C(R6R7)、Si(R6R7)、C＝O、O、C＝N(R6)、C＝C(R6R7)、P(R6)、P(＝O)R6、S、S＝O或SO2；
    X1、X2独立选自空或一个桥接基团；
    R1-R7在每次出现时，可相同或不同的选自H、D，或者具有1至20个C原子的直链的烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、硫代烷氧基基团，或者具有3至20个C原子的支链或环状的烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、硫代烷氧基基团、甲硅烷基基团，或者具有1至20个C原子的酮基基团，或者具有2至20个C原子的烷氧基羰基基团，或者具有4至20个C原子的芳氧基羰基基团，或者氰基、氨基甲酰基、卤甲酰基、甲酰基、异氰基、异氰酸酯、硫氰酸酯、异硫氰酸酯、羟基、硝基、CF3、Cl、Br、F、I、可交联的基团，或者具有5至40个环原子的取代或未取代的芳族或杂芳族环系，或者具有5至40个环原子的芳氧基或杂芳氧基基团，或者具有5至40个环原子的芳胺基或杂芳胺基基团，以上基团任意位置的二取代单元或这些基团的组合，其中一个或多个基团可以彼此和/或与所述基团键合的环形成单环或多环的脂族或芳族环系。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述发光体E包含如下化学式(1a)-(1e)或(2a)-(2e)或(3a)-(3d)或(4a)-(4d2)之一所示的结构单元：

    其中，Ar1-Ar3、Ar4-Ar5、X1、X2、Xa、Yb、R1-R5的符号含义同权利要求3。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任意一项所述的组合物，其特征在于，Ar1、Ar2、Ar1、Ar2、Ar3、 Ar4、Ar5在每次出现时，相互独立地选自如下结构式之一或其组合：
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述有机化合物H可聚合形成高聚物。
  7. 根据权利要求1或2所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述发光体E选自具有如下的结构式的化合物：
    其中：
    X为CR9或N；
    R1-R9在每次出现时，各自独立地选自氢、烷基、环烷基、杂环基、链烯基、环烯基、炔基、羟基、巯基、烷氧基、烷基硫基、芳基醚基、芳基硫醚基、芳基、杂芳基、卤素、氰基、醛基、羰基、羧基、氧基羧基、氨基甲酰基、氨基、硝基、甲硅烷基、硅氧烷基、硼烷基、氧化麟基，且R1-R9可以与相邻取代基之间形成稠环及脂肪族环。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物还包含一种有机树脂和/或一种溶剂。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8任意一项所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述有机树脂为热固性树脂或UV可固化树脂。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9任意一项所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述有机树脂的比重在20wt％至99wt％之间。
  11. 一种有机功能材料薄膜，包含一种如权利要求1至7任意一项所述的组合物，或利用一种如权利要求8至10任意一项所述的组合物制备所得。
  12. 一种光电器件，包含一种如权利要求1至7任意一项所述的组合物或一种如权利要求11所述的有机功能材料薄膜。
  13. 一种有机发光器件，自下而上依次包含第一电极，有机发光层，第二电极，颜色转换层及封装层，所述第二电极至少是部分透明，所述颜色转换层至少部分吸收所述有机发光层所发的透过第二电极的光，其特征在于，所述颜色转换层包含一种如权利要求1至7任意一项所述的组合物，或利用一种如权利要求8至10任意一项所述的组合物制备所得。
PCT/CN2023/132404 2022-11-17 2023-11-17 一种组合物及其在光电领域的应用 WO2024104472A1 (zh)

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