WO2024101040A1 - 蛍光体粉末および発光装置 - Google Patents
蛍光体粉末および発光装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024101040A1 WO2024101040A1 PCT/JP2023/036178 JP2023036178W WO2024101040A1 WO 2024101040 A1 WO2024101040 A1 WO 2024101040A1 JP 2023036178 W JP2023036178 W JP 2023036178W WO 2024101040 A1 WO2024101040 A1 WO 2024101040A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent
- C09K11/08—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7728—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing europium
- C09K11/77348—Silicon Aluminium Nitrides or Silicon Aluminium Oxynitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent
- C09K11/08—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent containing inorganic luminescent materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent
- C09K11/08—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/64—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent containing inorganic luminescent materials containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent
- C09K11/08—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7783—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing two or more rare earth metals one of which being europium
- C09K11/77928—Silicon Aluminium Nitrides or Silicon Aluminium Oxynitrides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/80—Constructional details
- H10H20/85—Packages
- H10H20/851—Wavelength conversion means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/80—Constructional details
- H10H20/85—Packages
- H10H20/851—Wavelength conversion means
- H10H20/8511—Wavelength conversion means characterised by their material, e.g. binder
- H10H20/8512—Wavelength conversion materials
Definitions
- the present invention relates to phosphor powder and a light-emitting device.
- ⁇ -SiAlON phosphors activated with specific rare earth elements are known to have useful fluorescent properties and are used in white LEDs, etc.
- ⁇ -SiAlON phosphors have a structure in which the Si-N bonds of ⁇ -SiN crystals are partially replaced with Al-N bonds and Al-O bonds, and in order to maintain electrical neutrality, specific elements (Ca, Li, Mg, Y, or lanthanide metals excluding La and Ce) penetrate and dissolve into the crystal lattice. Fluorescent properties are expressed by making some of the elements that penetrate and dissolve into rare earth elements that become the emission center.
- ⁇ -SiAlON phosphors in which Ca is dissolved and part of it is replaced with Eu are excited relatively efficiently in a wide wavelength range from ultraviolet to blue, and emit yellow to orange light.
- Patent Document 1 describes an ⁇ -SiAlON phosphor powder having a packed bulk density of 1.00 g/ cm3 or more and 1.80 g/ cm3 or less after tapping 50 times (Claim 1 of Patent Document 1, etc.).
- the inventors further investigated and found that by reducing the packed bulk density of phosphor powder containing ⁇ -SiAlON phosphor particles to a predetermined value or less, the variation in the feed amount is reduced when filling containers for heat treatment, when filling products into bottles, and when feeding into dry classifiers or jet mills. Based on this knowledge, the inventors further studied and found that, even for phosphor powders having a packed bulk density of a predetermined value or less, the variation in the feed amount can be further suppressed and the measurement stability can be improved by setting the angle of repose using the bottom-limited injection method to a predetermined value or less, and thus completed the present invention.
- the following phosphor powder and light emitting device are provided.
- a phosphor powder containing ⁇ -SiAlON phosphor particles, the angle of repose of the phosphor powder measured according to the following procedure A using a bottom-limited injection method is 55° or less;
- the packed bulk density of the phosphor powder, measured according to the following procedure B, is 0.95 g/ cm3 or less.
- Phosphor powder. (Procedure A) A cylindrical base having a bottom surface with a diameter of ⁇ 33 mm and a tube having a tip opening with an inner diameter of ⁇ 4 mm were prepared, and the tube was fixed so that the tip opening was located at a height of 40 mm from the bottom surface.
- the phosphor powder is supplied into the tube as a measurement sample and allowed to fall freely from the tip opening toward the center of the bottom surface until the measurement sample steadily spills down from the bottom surface. Thereafter, the elevation angle between the side surface of the conical deposit of the measurement sample formed on the bottom surface and the bottom surface is determined, and this elevation angle is regarded as the angle of repose (°) using the bottom surface limited injection method described above.
- An auxiliary cylinder is attached to a dry cylindrical measuring container of a fixed volume, and the phosphor powder is introduced as a measuring sample into the inside of the measuring container through the auxiliary cylinder.
- the measuring container with the auxiliary cylinder is tapped 50 times in the up and down direction at 50 to 60 times/min with a stroke of 2 cm.
- the mass of the measuring sample filled in the measuring container is measured by subtracting the mass of the empty cylindrical container, which was measured in advance, from the total mass.
- the measured value is obtained by dividing the mass (g) of the filled measuring sample by the internal volume (cm 3 ) of the measuring container.
- the average value of the three measured values is taken as the above-mentioned packed bulk density (g/cm 3 ).
- the phosphor powder has a packed bulk density of 0.30 g/ cm3 or more. 4.
- the phosphor powder according to 4., The content of the inorganic fine particles is 0.005% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less based on 100% by mass of the phosphor powder. 6.
- the phosphor powder according to 4. or 5., The inorganic fine particles have an average particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the inorganic fine particles include at least one selected from the group consisting of metal oxide particles and metal hydroxide particles. 8.
- the phosphor powder according to any one of 1. to 8 In a volume frequency particle size distribution measured by a wet laser diffraction scattering method, the particle size at which the cumulative value is 5% from the small particle size side is defined as D5 , the particle size at which the cumulative value is 50% is defined as D50 , and the particle size at which the cumulative value is 97% is defined as D97 .
- the present invention provides a phosphor powder with excellent measurement stability, and a light-emitting device using the same.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the structure of a light-emitting device.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method for measuring the angle of repose using a bottom-confined injection method.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining a feed test.
- the phosphor powder of this embodiment will be outlined below.
- the phosphor powder of this embodiment is a phosphor powder containing ⁇ -SiAlON phosphor particles, and is configured so that the angle of repose of the phosphor powder measured according to the bottom-limited injection method in accordance with the following procedure A is 55° or less, and the packed bulk density of the phosphor powder measured according to the following procedure B is 0.95 g/ cm3 or less.
- Procedure A for measuring the angle of repose using the bottom confined injection method is as follows.
- a cylindrical base having a bottom surface with a diameter of ⁇ 33 mm and a tube having a tip opening with an inner diameter of ⁇ 4 mm are prepared, and the tube is fixed so that the tip opening is located at a height of 40 mm from the bottom surface.
- a phosphor powder is supplied into the tube as a measurement sample and allowed to fall freely from the tip of the tube toward the center of the bottom of the cylindrical stand until the measurement sample begins to steadily spill over the bottom.
- the elevation angle ( ⁇ ) between the side of the conical measurement sample deposit formed on the bottom surface of the cylindrical base and the bottom surface of the cylindrical base is determined, and this elevation angle is regarded as the angle of repose (°) using the above-mentioned bottom-limited injection method.
- Procedure B for measuring packed bulk density is as follows. An auxiliary cylinder is attached to a dry cylindrical measuring container of a fixed volume, and the phosphor powder is introduced as a measuring sample into the inside of the measuring container through the auxiliary cylinder. The measuring container with the auxiliary cylinder is tapped 50 times in the up and down direction at 50 to 60 times/min with a stroke of 2 cm. After tapping, the auxiliary cylinder is removed, the excess measuring sample is scraped off from the top surface of the measuring container, and the total mass is measured. The mass of the measuring sample filled in the measuring container is measured by subtracting the mass of the empty cylindrical container, which was measured in advance, from the total mass. The measured value is obtained by dividing the mass (g) of the filled measuring sample by the internal volume (cm 3 ) of the measuring container. The average value of the three measured values is taken as the above-mentioned packed bulk density (g/cm 3 ).
- the upper limit of the packed bulk density of the phosphor powder is 0.95 g/ cm3 or less, preferably 0.80 g/ cm3 or less, more preferably 0.75 g/ cm3 or less, and even more preferably 0.70 g/ cm3 or less.
- the upper limit of the angle of repose of the phosphor powder by the bottom-limited injection method is 55° or less, preferably 53° or less, and more preferably 51° or less. This can improve the measurement stability.
- the bottom-limited injection method differs from other injection methods in terms of the condition of limiting the area of the bottom surface on which the measurement sample is deposited, but it is preferable because it can stably form a conical shape of the deposit and suppresses the measurement value variation of the angle of repose when measured repeatedly.
- the bottom-limited injection method excludes such aggregates, making it easier to form a cone shape, allowing for more accurate measurement.
- the phosphor powder of this embodiment it is possible to suppress variations in the amount of material transported by a feeder or the like. In other words, it is possible to suppress variations in the measured value of the phosphor powder each time it is transported under the same transport conditions. This improves the accuracy of the filling amount when the powder is packed into containers, and improves the accuracy of the feed amount during dry classification and jet mill crushing, suppressing variations in classification efficiency and crushing efficiency, improving accuracy. Furthermore, adhesion inside pipes and on hoppers is reduced, bridging and the like are suppressed, making transportation easier.
- the lower limit of the angle of repose in the bottom-confined injection method is, for example, 20° or more, preferably 25° or more, more preferably 30° or more, and even more preferably 34° or more. This allows the concentration of the phosphor in the mixture to be maintained and the fluorescent properties to be utilized. In addition, the possibility of leakage or outflow from the container or the inlet of a dry classifier or jet mill due to excessive fluidity is reduced.
- the lower limit of the packed bulk density is, for example, 0.30 g/ cm3 or more, preferably 0.35 g/ cm3 or more, and more preferably 0.40 g/ cm3 or more. This ensures that the bulk is not too high, and therefore the particles can be efficiently dispersed in the resin when dispersed in the resin during LED production.
- the particle diameter at which the cumulative value is 5% from the small particle diameter side is defined as D5
- the particle diameter at which the cumulative value is 50% is defined as D50
- the particle diameter at which the cumulative value is 97% is defined as D97 .
- the phosphor powder may be configured so that (D 97 -D 5 )/D 50 satisfies, for example, 2.0 or more and 5.0 or less.
- the lower limit of ( D97 - D5 )/ D50 is, for example, 2.0 or more, preferably 2.3 or more, and more preferably 2.5 or more, so that the specific surface area is small and there are many large particles with low scattering and reflection, and the luminance can be improved when the material is made into an LED.
- the upper limit of ( D97 - D5 )/ D50 is, for example, 5.0 or less, preferably 4.5 or less, and more preferably 4.0 or less. This results in a large specific surface area, less fine powder that causes a lot of scattering and reflection, and improved brightness when used as an LED. In addition, there is less coarse powder, and measurement variation is reduced when used as an LED.
- the angle of repose, packed bulk density, and particle size distribution by the bottom-confined injection method for example, by appropriately selecting the type and amount of each component contained in the phosphor powder, the preparation method of the phosphor powder, etc., it is possible to control the angle of repose, packed bulk density, and particle size distribution by the bottom-confined injection method.
- the phosphor powder of this embodiment contains ⁇ -SiAlON phosphor particles, and further contains inorganic fine particles if necessary.
- the ⁇ -sialon phosphor particles are particles made of an ⁇ -sialon phosphor activated with an activator (for example, Eu).
- the Eu-activated ⁇ -sialon phosphor may have a composition represented by the following general formula: The above general formula is represented by (M1 x , M2 y , Eu z )(Si 12-(m+n) Al m+n )(O n N 16-n ) (wherein M1 is a monovalent Li element, and M2 is one or more divalent elements selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, and lanthanide elements (excluding La and Ce)).
- m and n which are determined by x, y, z, and the accompanying Si/Al ratio and O/N ratio, are 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2.0, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 2.0, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.5, 0 ⁇ x+y, 0.3 ⁇ x+y+z ⁇ 2.0, 0 ⁇ m ⁇ 4.0, and 0 ⁇ n ⁇ 3.0 Meet the following.
- the ⁇ -SiAlON phosphor is stabilized over a wide composition range, and by replacing a part of it with Eu, which serves as the luminescence center, a phosphor is obtained that is excited by light in a wide wavelength range from ultraviolet to blue and emits visible light from yellow to orange.
- the crystal phase of the ⁇ -sialon phosphor is preferably a single phase of ⁇ -sialon, and may contain other crystal phases such as aluminum nitride or its polytypoid.
- ⁇ -type SiAlON phosphors have a second crystal phase that is different from the solid solution composition of the ⁇ -type SiAlON phosphor and an amorphous phase that is inevitably present, it may not be possible to strictly specify the solid solution composition by composition analysis, etc.
- the ⁇ -sialon phosphor particles include agglomerated secondary particles formed by sintering a plurality of equiaxed primary particles.
- the primary particles refer to solids with clear boundaries that cannot be further distinguished, as observed with an electron microscope or the like. Particles that constitute powder or aggregates are called primary particles. Therefore, single crystals, polycrystals, amorphous materials, etc. may also be primary particles.
- the shape of the ⁇ -sialon phosphor particles is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include spherical, cubic, columnar, and amorphous shapes.
- a method for producing ⁇ -sialon phosphor particles according to the embodiment will be described.
- a liquid phase is formed mainly by reaction of a portion of the raw material powder, and each element moves through the liquid phase, thereby accelerating the formation of a solid solution and grain growth.
- raw materials containing elements constituting the ⁇ -SiAlON phosphor particles containing Eu are mixed.
- ⁇ -SiAlON phosphor particles with a low oxygen content synthesized using calcium nitride as a calcium raw material have calcium dissolved in a high concentration.
- a phosphor having an emission peak wavelength on the higher wavelength side (590 nm or more) than the conventional composition using an oxide raw material is obtained.
- 1.5 ⁇ x+y+z ⁇ 2.0 is preferable.
- a part of Ca can be replaced with Li, Mg, Sr, Ba, Y, and lanthanide elements (excluding La and Ce) to fine-tune the emission spectrum.
- Other raw material powders include silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, and Eu compounds.
- Eu compounds include europium oxide, compounds that become europium oxide after heating, and europium nitride, with europium nitride being preferred as it can reduce the amount of oxygen in the system.
- ⁇ -SiAlON phosphor particles When an appropriate amount of pre-synthesized ⁇ -SiAlON phosphor particles is added to the raw powder, this becomes the starting point for grain growth, and ⁇ -SiAlON phosphor particles with a relatively large short axis diameter can be obtained.
- the grain shape can be controlled by changing the form of the ⁇ -SiAlON particles added.
- Methods for mixing the above-mentioned raw materials include dry mixing and wet mixing in an inert solvent that does not substantially react with the raw material components, followed by removal of the solvent.
- Mixing devices include V-type mixers, rocking mixers, ball mills, and vibrating mills.
- Mixing calcium nitride, which is unstable in air, is preferably carried out in a glove box with an inert atmosphere, as its hydrolysis and oxidation will affect the properties of the composite product.
- the powder obtained by mixing (hereinafter simply referred to as raw material powder) is filled into a container made of a material that is less reactive with the raw materials and the phosphor to be synthesized, such as a boron nitride container, and heated for a predetermined time in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain an ⁇ -SiAlON phosphor.
- the temperature of the heat treatment is preferably 1650°C or higher and 1950°C or lower.
- the heat treatment temperature By setting the heat treatment temperature at 1650°C or higher, the amount of remaining unreacted products can be reduced and primary particles can be grown sufficiently, while by setting the temperature at 1950°C or lower, significant sintering between particles can be suppressed.
- the heating time in the heat treatment is preferably in the range of 2 hours to 24 hours, which is a time range that does not cause problems such as the presence of a large amount of unreacted material, insufficient growth of primary particles, or sintering between particles.
- the above-mentioned process produces an ⁇ -sialon phosphor having an ingot-shaped outer shape.
- This ingot-shaped ⁇ -sialon phosphor is subjected to a crushing process using a crusher, mortar crusher, ball mill, vibration mill, jet mill, or other crushing machine, and a sieve classification process after the crushing process, thereby obtaining a powder of ⁇ -sialon phosphor particles with an adjusted D50 particle size of the secondary particles.
- the powder is dispersed in an aqueous solution, and secondary particles having a small particle size and difficult to settle are removed, so that the D50 particle size of the secondary particles can be adjusted.
- Classification may be performed using a cyclone or liquid cyclone that utilizes centrifugal force, a centrifugal separator, or the like.
- the ⁇ -sialon phosphor particles according to the embodiment can be produced by carrying out the above-mentioned steps and then carrying out an acid treatment step.
- the ⁇ -SiAlON phosphor particles are immersed in an acidic aqueous solution.
- the acidic aqueous solution may be an acidic aqueous solution containing one acid selected from acids such as hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, and hydrochloric acid, or a mixed acid aqueous solution obtained by mixing two or more of the above acids.
- acids such as hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, and hydrochloric acid
- a mixed acid aqueous solution obtained by mixing two or more of the above acids such as hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, and hydrochloric acid
- an aqueous hydrofluoric acid solution containing only hydrofluoric acid and an aqueous mixed acid solution obtained by mixing hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid are more preferable.
- the concentration of the stock solution of the acidic aqueous solution is appropriately set depending on the strength of the acid used, and is preferably, for example, 0.7% to 100%, and more preferably 0.7% to 40%.
- the temperature when carrying out the acid treatment is preferably 25°C to 90°C, more preferably 60°C to 90°C, and the reaction time (immersion time) is preferably 15 minutes to 80 minutes.
- the inorganic fine particles in the phosphor powder may have primary particles and/or aggregates of the primary particles attached to a part of the surface of the ⁇ -sialon phosphor particle.
- the upper limit of the average particle size of the inorganic fine particles is, for example, 10 ⁇ m or less, preferably 5 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 1 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or less, which can improve the angle of repose of the phosphor powder by the bottom limited injection method.
- the lower limit of the average particle size is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 1 nm or more.
- the average particle size of inorganic microparticles can be measured, for example, by a transmission electron microscope (TEM) or dynamic light scattering (DLS). Specifically, when measuring with a TEM, the circle-equivalent diameter of 100 inorganic microparticles in a TEM image can be measured to determine the median diameter based on number. When measuring with DLS, the median diameter based on volume can be determined. For the primary particle size, a transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to measure the diameters of 100 primary particles (particles that make up powder or aggregates) with clear boundaries that cannot be further distinguished, to determine the median diameter based on number.
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- the lower limit of the content of the inorganic fine particles is, for example, 0.005% by mass or more, preferably 0.01% by mass or more, and more preferably 0.05% by mass or more, based on 100% by mass of the phosphor powder. This makes it possible to reduce the angle of repose when using the bottom confined injection method.
- the upper limit of the content of the inorganic fine particles is, for example, 10% by mass or less, preferably 8% by mass or less, and more preferably 6% by mass or less, based on 100% by mass of the phosphor powder. This makes it possible to achieve a balance between the angle of repose and the packed bulk density by the bottom confined injection method.
- the inorganic fine particles are different from phosphor particles, and may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of metal oxide particles and metal hydroxide particles.
- Preferred metal oxide fine particles include ZrO2 , Al2O3 , SiO2 , TiO2 , MgO , Gd2O3 , Y2O3 , ZnO, La2O3 , etc. Among these, ZrO2, SiO2, Al2O3 , and TiO2 are particularly preferred.
- a preferred metal hydroxide fine particle is Al(OH) 3 .
- a method for producing the phosphor powder of this embodiment will be described.
- One example of a method for producing the phosphor powder is to dry-blend ⁇ -sialon phosphor particles and inorganic fine particles, which may be mixed without using a solvent.
- ⁇ -SiAlON phosphor particles and inorganic fine particles can be dry-blended by placing them in a plastic bag with a zipper and shaking the bag vigorously.
- the phosphor powder consisting of ⁇ -SiAlON phosphor particles (with inorganic fine particles attached) produced through dry blending contains coarse particles, it is preferable to perform an appropriate operation such as sieving.
- ⁇ -SiAlON phosphor particles and inorganic fine particles may be mixed in a wet state in a solvent such as water or solvent, and then the solvent is removed and the mixture is dried.
- a solvent such as water or solvent
- inorganic fine particles may be dispersed in a solvent using a wet jet mill, and then phosphor particles may be mixed in, and the solvent may be removed and the mixture is dried, which makes it possible to attach the inorganic fine particles more uniformly to the phosphor surface.
- An example of the light emitting device of this embodiment includes a light emitting source and a wavelength conversion member containing phosphor powder.
- the wavelength conversion member may include phosphor powder and a sealant that seals the phosphor powder.
- a plurality of phosphor particles in the phosphor powder are dispersed in the sealing material.
- the sealing material may be a known material such as resin, glass, etc. Examples of the resin used for the sealing material include transparent resins such as silicone resin, epoxy resin, and urethane resin.
- the wavelength conversion member can be produced, for example, by adding phosphor powder to liquid resin or glass, mixing them uniformly, and then curing the mixture by heat treatment.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic example of the structure of the light emitting device of this embodiment.
- the light emitting device 100 includes a light emitting element 120, a heat sink 130, a case 140, a first lead frame 150, a second lead frame 160, a bonding wire 170, a bonding wire 172, and a wavelength conversion member 40.
- the light emitting element 120 is mounted in a specified area on the upper surface of the heat sink 130. By mounting the light emitting element 120 on the heat sink 130, the heat dissipation properties of the light emitting element 120 can be improved. Note that a packaging substrate may be used instead of the heat sink 130.
- the light-emitting element 120 is a semiconductor element that emits excitation light.
- an LED chip that emits light with a wavelength of 300 nm or more and 500 nm or less, which corresponds to near ultraviolet to blue light, can be used as the light-emitting element 120.
- One electrode (not shown) arranged on the upper surface side of the light-emitting element 120 is connected to the surface of the first lead frame 150 via a bonding wire 170 such as a gold wire.
- the other electrode (not shown) formed on the upper surface of the light-emitting element 120 is connected to the surface of the second lead frame 160 via a bonding wire 172 such as a gold wire.
- the case 140 has a generally funnel-shaped recess whose diameter gradually increases from the bottom surface upward.
- the light-emitting element 120 is provided on the bottom surface of the recess.
- the wall surface of the recess surrounding the light-emitting element 120 acts as a reflector.
- the wavelength conversion member 40 is filled in the recess whose wall surface is formed by the case 140.
- the wavelength conversion member 40 converts the excitation light emitted from the light emitting element 120 into light with a longer wavelength.
- the composite of this embodiment is used as the wavelength conversion member 40, and phosphor particles 10 are dispersed in a sealing material 30 such as a resin.
- the light emitting device 100 emits a mixed color of light from the light emitting element 120 and light generated from the phosphor particles 10 that are excited by absorbing the light from the light emitting element 120.
- FIG. 1 shows a surface-mount type light-emitting device as an example, the light-emitting device is not limited to the surface-mount type, and may be a bullet type, a COB (chip-on-board) type, or a CSP (chip-scale package) type.
- the raw material powder composition was 62.8 parts by mass of silicon nitride powder (manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd., E10 grade), 22.7 parts by mass of aluminum nitride powder (manufactured by Tokuyama Corporation, E grade), 1.1 parts by mass of europium oxide powder (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., RU grade), and 13.4 parts by mass of calcium nitride powder (manufactured by Kojundo Chemical Laboratory Co., Ltd.), and the raw material powders were dry-blended and then passed through a nylon sieve with a mesh size of 250 ⁇ m to obtain a raw material mixed powder.
- 120 g of the raw material mixed powder was filled into a cylindrical boron nitride container with an internal volume of 0.4 liters and a lid (manufactured by Denka Co., Ltd., N-1 grade).
- the raw material mixed powder was subjected to a heat treatment for 10 hours at 1850° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere at atmospheric pressure in an electric furnace equipped with a carbon heater together with the container. Since calcium nitride contained in the raw material mixed powder is easily hydrolyzed in air, the boron nitride container filled with the raw material mixed powder was taken out of the glove box, and then quickly set in the electric furnace and immediately evacuated to prevent reaction of calcium nitride.
- the composite material was lightly crushed in a mortar and passed completely through a sieve with 150 ⁇ m openings.
- the particles that passed through the sieve were immersed in a mixed acid of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid for 1 hour and washed. After washing, filtration was performed to separate the phosphor from the treatment liquid.
- the phosphor was dried in a dryer at 100°C to 120°C for 12 hours, and after drying, it was classified using a sieve with 150 ⁇ m openings. Only the particles that passed through the sieve were collected, and ⁇ -SiAlON phosphor particles A were obtained. In Comparative Example 1, the obtained ⁇ -sialon phosphor particles A were used as phosphor powder.
- Comparative Example 2 The composition of the raw material powder was changed to 10 parts by mass of the ⁇ -sialon phosphor particles obtained in Comparative Example 1, 56.6 parts by mass of silicon nitride powder (manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd., E10 grade), 20.4 parts by mass of aluminum nitride powder (manufactured by Tokuyama Corporation, E grade), 1.0 part by mass of europium oxide powder (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., RU grade), and 12.0 parts by mass of calcium nitride powder (manufactured by Kojundo Chemical Laboratory), and the heat treatment time was changed to 20 hours. Except for this, ⁇ -sialon phosphor particles B was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1. In Comparative Example 2, the obtained ⁇ -sialon phosphor particles B were used as phosphor powder.
- Example 3 The phosphor particles and inorganic fine particles were placed in a polyethylene bag with a zipper (trade name "Unipack (registered trademark)", manufactured by Seizo Nippon Co., Ltd.). The bag was then vigorously shaken for one minute. The mixture taken out of the bag was passed through a sieve with 250 ⁇ m openings to obtain a phosphor powder.
- the types of phosphor particles, the types of inorganic fine particles and the amounts added were as shown in Table 1 below. In Table 1, the information on the inorganic fine particles is as follows.
- AEROXIDE registered trademark
- the crystal phase of the ⁇ -SiAlON phosphor particles A and B produced above was examined by powder X-ray diffraction measurement using CuK ⁇ radiation, and it was confirmed that the crystal phase present was Ca- ⁇ -SiAlON containing Eu element ( ⁇ -SiAlON phosphor containing Ca).
- the phosphor powders produced in Examples 1 to 3 were photographed using an electron microscope. From the images, it was confirmed that inorganic fine particles were attached to the surfaces of the ⁇ -SiAlON phosphor particles.
- the phosphor powder obtained above was measured and evaluated for the following items:
- auxiliary cylinder was attached to a dry cylindrical measuring vessel of a fixed volume, and the phosphor powder produced above was introduced into the inside of the measuring vessel as a measuring sample through the auxiliary cylinder.
- the measuring vessel with the auxiliary cylinder was tapped 50 times in the up and down direction at 50 to 60 times/min with a stroke of 2 cm. After tapping, the auxiliary cylinder was removed, and the excess measuring sample was scraped off from the upper surface of the measuring vessel, and the total mass was measured.
- the mass of the measuring sample filled in the measuring vessel was measured by subtracting the mass of the empty cylindrical vessel, which had been measured in advance, from the total mass.
- the measured value was obtained by dividing the mass (g) of the filled measuring sample by the internal volume (cm 3 ) of the measuring vessel. The average value of the three measured values was taken as the above-mentioned packed bulk density (g/cm 3 ).
- the packed bulk density ratio expressed as the packed bulk density of the phosphor powder ( ⁇ -type SiAlON phosphor particles A) / the packed bulk density of the phosphor powder ( ⁇ -type SiAlON phosphor particles A + inorganic fine particles) was 1.09, 1.04, and 0.77, respectively.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining measurement of the angle of repose by the bottom confined injection method.
- a cylindrical base 1 having a bottom surface with a diameter of ⁇ 33 mm and a tube 2 having a tip opening with an inner diameter of ⁇ 4 mm were prepared, and the tube 2 was fixed so that the tip opening was located at a height of 40 mm from the bottom surface.
- a cylindrical bottle made of silicate glass (LABORAN screw cap, 9-852-09 No. 7, 50 cc, manufactured by AS ONE) was placed upside down on the table of the cylindrical stand 1, and the bottom of the cylindrical bottle was used as a stand for the measurement sample 3 to be placed on.
- a polypropylene tip (Gilson Diamond Tip D10mL EASY PACK 1-10mL, product number F161210) was used with the tip cut off to adjust the hole at the tip to ⁇ 4mm.
- phosphor powder was supplied into the tube 2 as the measurement sample 3, and allowed to fall freely from the tip of the tube 2 toward the center of the bottom surface of the cylindrical stand 1 until the measurement sample 3 began to steadily drop off the bottom surface (the measurement sample 3 no longer rested on the bottom surface).
- the phosphor powder of Comparative Example 1 ( ⁇ -type SiAlON phosphor particles A) was used as the measurement sample.
- the particle size distribution was measured by a laser diffraction scattering method conforming to JIS R1629: 1997 using Microtrac MT3300EX II (manufactured by Microtrac Bell Co., Ltd.). 0.5 g of phosphor powder was added to 100 cc of ion-exchanged water, and a dispersion process was performed for 3 minutes using an Ultrasonic Homogenizer US-150E (Nihon Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd., tip size ⁇ 20 mm, Amplitude 100%, oscillation frequency 19.5 KHz, amplitude approximately 31 ⁇ m), and then the particle size distribution was measured using the MT3300EX II.
- the particle diameter (D 5 ), the particle diameter (D 50 ), and the particle diameter (D 97 ) at which the cumulative value is 5% from the small particle diameter side were determined, and (D 97 -D 5 )/D 50 was calculated.
- the phosphor powder produced as above was used as the measurement sample 3 and was filled into the groove 9 of the chute 8 as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 3(c), and the excess was removed from the upper surface of the groove 9.
- the frequency was changed by the controller 7 to adjust the vibration so that the feed amount of the measurement sample 3 was about 0.02 g to 0.30 g per 5 seconds, and the vibration conditions were determined.
- the feed test was carried out five times under the fixed vibration conditions, and the feed amount (g) in five seconds was measured. The average value and standard deviation of the five measured values were obtained, and the coefficient of variation of the feed amount was calculated by "(standard deviation)/average value.” The smaller the coefficient of variation, the smaller the variation in the feed amount for each feed test, indicating high measurement stability.
- the phosphor powders of Examples 1 to 3 had a smaller angle of repose when measured by the bottom-confined injection method than Comparative Example 1, and a smaller angle of repose when measured by the bottom-confined injection method and packed bulk density than Comparative Example 2, and therefore showed superior weighing stability compared to Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
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Abstract
Description
下記手順Aに基づいて測定される、当該蛍光体粉末の底面限定注入法による安息角が、55°以下であり、
下記手順Bに基づいて測定される、当該蛍光体粉末の固め嵩密度が、0.95g/cm3以下である、
る、蛍光体粉末。
(手順A)
直径φ33mmの底面を有する円柱台と、内径4φmmの先端口を有するチューブとを準備し、前記底面から40mmの高さに前記先端口が位置するように前記チューブを固定する。
測定試料として当該蛍光体粉末を前記チューブ内に供給し、前記先端口から前記底面の中心に向かって自由落下させ続け、測定試料が前記底面から定常的にこぼれ落ちる状態になるまで続ける。
その後、前記底面上に形成された円錐状の測定試料の堆積物の側面と前記底面とがなす仰角を求め、この仰角を、上記の底面限定注入法による安息角(°)とする。
(手順B)
乾いた一定容量の円筒形の測定用容器に補助円筒を装着し、補助円筒を通して測定用容器の内部内に測定試料として当該蛍光体粉末を導入する。補助円筒付きの測定用容器を、50~60回/分で、ストローク2cmの条件で上下方向に50回タッピングする。タッピング後、補助円筒を取外し、測定用容器の上面から過剰の測定試料をすり落とし、全体の質量を測定する。全体の質量から、予め測定しておいた空の円筒形容器の質量を差し引き、測定用容器内に充填された測定試料の質量を測定する。充填された測定試料の質量(g)を、測定用容器の内部体積(cm3)で除して、測定値を求める。3回の測定値の平均値を、上記の固め嵩密度(g/cm3)とする。
2. 1.に記載の蛍光体粉末であって、
前記安息角が、20°以上である、蛍光体粉末。
3. 1.または2.に記載の蛍光体粉末であって、
前記固め嵩密度が、0.30g/cm3以上である、蛍光体粉末。
4. 1.~3のいずれかに記載の蛍光体粉末であって、
無機微粒子を含む、蛍光体粉末。
5. 4.に記載の蛍光体粉末であって、
前記無機微粒子の含有量は、当該蛍光体粉末100質量%中、0.005質量%以上10質量%以下である、蛍光体粉末。
6. 4.または5.に記載の蛍光体粉末であって、
前記無機微粒子の平均粒子径が、10μm以下である、蛍光体粉末。
7. 4.~6のいずれかに記載の蛍光体粉末であって、
前記無機微粒子が、金属酸化物粒子および金属水酸化物粒子からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一方を含む、蛍光体粉末。
8. 4.~7のいずれかに記載の蛍光体粉末であって、
前記無機微粒子の一次粒子および/または前記一次粒子の凝集体が、前記α型サイアロン蛍光体粒子の表面の一部に付着している、蛍光体粉末。
9. 1.~8のいずれかに記載の蛍光体粉末であって、
湿式によるレーザー回折散乱法で測定される体積頻度粒度分布において、小粒子径側から累積値が5%となる粒子径をD5、累積値が50%となる粒子径をD50、累積値が97%となる粒子径をD97としたとき、
(D97-D5)/D50が、2.0以上5.0以下である、蛍光体粉末。
10. 発光光源と、
波長変換部材と、を備え、
前記波長変換部材が、1.~9のいずれかに記載の蛍光体粉末を含む、発光装置。
本実施形態の蛍光体粉末は、α型サイアロン蛍光体粒子を含む蛍光体粉末であって、下記手順Aに基づいて測定される、当該蛍光体粉末の底面限定注入法による安息角が55°以下、かつ、下記手順Bに基づいて測定される、当該蛍光体粉末の固め嵩密度が0.95g/cm3以下を満たすように構成される。
直径φ33mmの底面を有する円柱台と、内径4φmmの先端口を有するチューブとを準備し、底面から40mmの高さに先端口が位置するようにチューブを固定する。
測定試料として蛍光体粉末をチューブ内に供給し、チューブの先端口から円柱台の底面の中心に向かって自由落下させ続け、測定試料が底面から定常的にこぼれ落ちる状態になるまで続ける。
その後、円柱台の底面上に形成された円錐状の測定試料の堆積物の側面と円柱台の底面とがなす仰角(θ)を求め、この仰角を、上記の底面限定注入法による安息角(°)とする。
乾いた一定容量の円筒形の測定用容器に補助円筒を装着し、補助円筒を通して測定用容器の内部内に測定試料として当該蛍光体粉末を導入する。補助円筒付きの測定用容器を、50~60回/分で、ストローク2cmの条件で上下方向に50回タッピングする。タッピング後、補助円筒を取外し、測定用容器の上面から過剰の測定試料をすり落とし、全体の質量を測定する。全体の質量から、予め測定しておいた空の円筒形容器の質量を差し引き、測定用容器内に充填された測定試料の質量を測定する。充填された測定試料の質量(g)を、測定用容器の内部体積(cm3)で除して、測定値を求める。3回の測定値の平均値を、上記の固め嵩密度(g/cm3)とする。
別の形態として、蛍光体粉末は、(D97-D5)/D50が、例えば、2.0以上5.0以下を満たすように構成されてもよい。
(D97-D5)/D50の下限は、例えば、2.0以上、好ましくは2.3以上、より好ましくは2.5以上である。これにより、比表面積が小さく、散乱や反射が小さい大粒径の粒子が多く、LED化した際に輝度が向上できる。
(D97-D5)/D50の上限は、例えば、5.0以下、好ましくは4.5以下、より好ましくは4.0以下である。これにより、比表面積が大きく、散乱や反射が多くなる微粉が少なく、LED化した際に輝度が向上できる。また、粗粉が少なく、LED化する際に計量ばらつきが低減する。
α型サイアロン蛍光体粒子は、賦活物質(例えばEu)が賦活されたα型サイアロン蛍光体からなる粒子である。
Euが賦活されたα型サイアロン蛍光体は、以下の一般式で表される組成を有してもよい。
上記一般式は、(M1x,M2y,Euz)(Si12-(m+n)Alm+n)(OnN16-n)(ただし、M1は1価のLi元素であり、M2はMg、Ca及びランタニド元素(LaとCeを除く)からなる群から選ばれる1種以上の2価の元素)で示される。
上記一般式中、x、y、z及びそれに付随するSi/Al比やO/N比により決まるmとnは、
0≦x<2.0、
0≦y<2.0、
0<z≦0.5、
0<x+y、
0.3≦x+y+z≦2.0、
0<m≦4.0、および
0<n≦3.0
を満たす。
上記一般式において、M2としてCaを使用すると、幅広い組成範囲でα型サイアロン蛍光体が安定化し、その一部を発光中心となるEuで置換することにより、紫外から青色の幅広い波長域の光で励起され、黄から橙色の可視発光を示す蛍光体が得られる。
ただし、一般に、α型サイアロン蛍光体は、α型サイアロン蛍光体の固溶組成とは異なる第二結晶相や不可避的に存在する非晶質相のため、組成分析等により固溶組成を厳密に規定することができないこともある。
α型サイアロン蛍光体粒子の形状は特に限定されず、球状体、立方体、柱状体、不定形などが挙げられる。
α型サイアロン蛍光体粒子では、合成過程において、主として原料粉末の一部が反応して液相が形成され、その液相を介して各元素が移動することにより、固溶体形成と粒成長が進む。
まず、Euを含有するα型サイアロン蛍光体粒子を構成する元素を含む原料を混合する。具体的には、カルシウム原料として、窒化カルシウムを使用して合成した酸素含有率の低いα型サイアロン蛍光体粒子は、カルシウムが高濃度に固溶される。特にCa固溶濃度が高い場合、酸化物原料を使用した従来組成よりも高波長側(590nm以上)に発光ピーク波長を有する蛍光体が得られる。具体的には前記一般式において、1.5<x+y+z≦2.0が好ましい。Caの一部をLi、Mg、Sr、Ba、Y及びランタニド元素(LaとCeを除く。)に置換し、発光スペクトルの微調整を行うこともできる。
酸処理工程では、たとえば、酸性水溶液中にα型サイアロン蛍光体粒子が浸漬される。酸性水溶液としては、フッ酸、硝酸、塩酸などの酸から選ばれる1種の酸を含む酸性水溶液、または上記の酸から2種以上を混合して得られる混酸水溶液が挙げられる。この中でも、フッ酸を単独で含むフッ酸水溶液およびフッ酸と硝酸を混合して得られる混酸水溶液がより好ましい。酸性水溶液の原液濃度は、用いる酸の強さによって適宜設定されるが、たとえば、0.7%以上100%以下が好ましく、0.7%以上40%以下がより好ましい。また、酸処理を実施する際の温度は25℃以上90℃以下が好ましく、60℃以上90℃以下がより好ましく、反応時間(浸漬時間)としては15分以上80分以下が好ましい。
蛍光体粉末中の無機微粒子は、その一次粒子および/または一次粒子の凝集体がα型サイアロン蛍光体粒子の表面の一部に付着していてもよい。α型サイアロン蛍光体粒子の表面に無機微粒子が付着することにより、蛍光体粉末の底面限定注入法による安息角を低下させることができる。
上記平均粒子径の下限は、とくに限定されないが、例えば、1nm以上でもよい。
無機微粒子の含有量の上限は、当該蛍光体粉末100質量%中、例えば、10質量%以下、好ましくは8質量%以下、より好ましくは6質量%以下である。これにより、底面限定注入法による安息角と固め嵩密度とのバランスを図ることができる。
好ましい金属酸化物微粒子としては、ZrO2、Al2O3、SiO2、TiO2、MgO、Gd2O3、Y2O3、ZnO、La2O3等を挙げることができる。これらの中でも特にZrO2、SiO2、Al2O3、およびTiO2が好ましい。
好ましい金属水酸化物微粒子としては、Al(OH)3等を挙げることができる。
蛍光体粉末の製造方法の一例は、α型サイアロン蛍光体粒子と無機微粒子とをドライブレンドすることにより得られる。ドライブレンドでは、溶剤を用いずにα型サイアロン蛍光体粒子と無機微粒子とを混合してもよい。
実験室レベルでは、α型サイアロン蛍光体粒子と無機微粒子とを、チャック付きのプラスチック袋に入れて激しく振ることによりドライブレンドを行うことができる。
本実施形態の発光装置の一例は、発光光源と、蛍光体粉末を含む波長変換部材とを備える。
波長変換部材は、蛍光体粉末と、蛍光体粉末を封止する封止材を含んでもよい。
波長変換部材では、蛍光体粉末中の蛍光体粒子が封止材中に複数分散されている。
封止材としては、周知の樹脂やガラスなどの材料を用いることができる。封止材に用いる樹脂としては、たとえば、シリコーン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ウレタン樹脂などの透明樹脂が挙げられる。
波長変換部材を作製する方法としては、例えば、液体状の樹脂またはガラスに、蛍光体粉末を加え、均一に混合した後、加熱処理により硬化させて作製する方法が挙げられる。
波長変換部材40として、本実施形態の複合体が用いられ、樹脂などの封止材30中に蛍光体粒子10が分散されている。発光装置100は、発光素子120の光と、この発光素子120の光を吸収し励起される蛍光体粒子10から発生する光との混合色を発する。
(比較例1)
グローブボックス内で、原料粉末の配合組成として、窒化ケイ素粉末(宇部興産株式会社製、E10グレード)を62.8質量部、窒化アルミニウム粉末(トクヤマ株式会社製、Eグレード)を22.7質量部、酸化ユーロピウム粉末(信越化学工業社製RUグレード)を1.1質量部、窒化カルシウム粉末(高純度化学研究所社製)を13.4質量部とし、原料粉末をドライブレンド後、目開き250μmのナイロン製篩を通して原料混合粉末を得た。その原料混合粉末120gを、内部の容積が0.4リットルの蓋付きの円筒型窒化ホウ素製容器(デンカ株式会社製、N-1グレード)に充填した。
この原料混合粉末を容器ごとカーボンヒーターの電気炉で大気圧窒素雰囲気中、1850℃で10時間の加熱処理を行った。原料混合粉末に含まれる窒化カルシウムは、空気中で容易に加水分解しやすいので、原料混合粉末を充填した窒化ホウ素製容器はグローブボックスから取り出した後、速やかに電気炉にセットし、直ちに真空排気し、窒化カルシウムの反応を防いだ。
合成物は乳鉢で軽く解砕し、目開き150μmの篩を全通させた。
篩を通過したものをフッ化水素酸と硝酸との混酸中1時間浸し、洗浄を行った。洗浄後、濾過を行い蛍光体と処理液を分離した。蛍光体は100℃~120℃の乾燥機中で12時間乾燥し、乾燥後目開き150μmの篩で分級し、篩を通過したものだけを回収して、α型サイアロン蛍光体粒子Aを得た。
比較例1では、得られたα型サイアロン蛍光体粒子Aを蛍光体粉末として使用した。
原料粉末の配合組成として、比較例1で得られたα型サイアロン蛍光体粒子を10質量部、窒化ケイ素粉末(宇部興産株式会社製、E10グレード)を56.6質量部、窒化アルミニウム粉末(トクヤマ株式会社製、Eグレード)を20.4質量部、酸化ユーロピウム粉末(信越化学工業社製RUグレード)を1.0質量部、窒化カルシウム粉末(高純度化学研究所社製)を12.0質量部の条件に変更し、加熱処理時間を20時間に条件変更した以外は、比較例1と同様にして、α型サイアロン蛍光体粒子Bを得た。
比較例2では、得られたα型サイアロン蛍光体粒子Bを蛍光体粉末として使用した。
ポリエチレン製のチャック付き袋(商品名「ユニパック(登録商標)」、株式会社生産日本社製)に、蛍光体粒子と無機微粒子とを入れた。そして、袋を1分間激しく振った。袋から取り出した混合物について、目開き250μmの篩を全通させた、蛍光体粉末を得た。
蛍光体粒子の種類、無機微粒子の種類および添加量は後掲の表1に記載のとおりとした。
表1中、無機微粒子の情報は以下の通り。
・Al2O3(γ、δ):乾式酸化アルミニウムの微粒子(AEROXIDE(登録商標) Alu C、日本アエロジル社製、Al2O3含有量:99.8質量%、表面未処理品、BET比表面積:100m2/g、一次粒子径:約13nm、平均粒子径1μm以下)
乾いた一定容量の円筒形の測定用容器に補助円筒を装着し、補助円筒を通して測定用容器の内部内に測定試料として、上記で製造された蛍光体粉末を導入した。補助円筒付きの測定用容器を、50~60回/分で、ストローク2cmの条件で上下方向に50回タッピングした。タッピング後、補助円筒を取外し、測定用容器の上面から過剰の測定試料をすり落とし、全体の質量を測定した。全体の質量から、予め測定しておいた空の円筒形容器の質量を差し引き、測定用容器内に充填された測定試料の質量を測定した。充填された測定試料の質量(g)を、測定用容器の内部体積(cm3)で除して、測定値を求めた。3回の測定値の平均値を、上記の固め嵩密度(g/cm3)とした。
なお、実施例1~3のそれぞれでは、蛍光体粉末(α型サイアロン蛍光体粒子A)の固め嵩密度/蛍光体粉末(α型サイアロン蛍光体粒子A+無機微粒子)の固め嵩密度で表される固め嵩密度比が、1.09、1.04、0.77であった。
図2は、底面限定注入法による安息角の測定を説明するための図である。
図2に示すように、直径φ33mmの底面を有する円柱台1と、内径4φmmの先端口を有するチューブ2とを準備し、底面から40mmの高さに先端口が位置するようにチューブ2を固定した。
円柱台1には、ケイ素酸ガラス製筒瓶(AS ONE製、LABORAN スクリュー管瓶、9-852-09 No.7、50cc)をテーブルの上に逆さにおき、筒瓶の底面を測定試料3が載る台として使用した。
チューブ2には、ポリプロピレン製チップ(ギルソン社製、ダイヤモンドチップ D10mL EASY・PACK 1~10mL 品番F161210)の先端を切り、先端の穴がΦ4mmになるように調整したものを使用した。
続いて、測定試料3として蛍光体粉末をチューブ2内に供給し、チューブ2の先端口から円柱台1の底面の中心に向かって自由落下させ続け、測定試料3が底面から定常的にこぼれ落ちる状態(測定試料3が底面に載らなくなる状態)になるまで続けた。
その後、測定試料3の堆積物5の側面から写真を撮影し、撮影した写真から、円柱台1の底面上に形成された円錐状の測定試料3の堆積物5の側面と円柱台1の底面とがなす仰角(θ)を求め、この仰角を、上記の底面限定注入法による安息角(°)とした。
測定試料20gをノズル内径10mmの市販のガラス製ロートの上縁2~4cmの高さから、毎分20~60gの速さで該ロートを介して基板上に落下させ、生成した円錐状の堆積物の直径及び高さから、低角を算出した。この測定を3回行い、低角の平均値を安息角とした。
測定試料には、比較例1の蛍光体粉末(α型サイアロン蛍光体粒子A)を使用した。
粒度分布は、Microtrac MT3300EX II(マイクロトラック・ベル株式会社製)を用い、JIS R1629:1997に準拠したレーザー回折散乱法により測定した。イオン交換水100ccに蛍光体粉末0.5gを投入し、そこにUltrasonic Homogenizer US-150E(株式会社日本精機製作所、チップサイズφ20mm、Amplitude100%、発振周波数19.5KHz、振幅約31μm)で3分間、分散処理を行い、その後、MT3300EX IIで粒度分布測定を行った。得られた体積頻度粒度分布において、小粒子径側から累積値が5%となる粒子径(D5)を、累積値が50%となる粒子径(D50)を、累積値が97%となる粒子径(D97)を、それぞれ求め、(D97-D5)/D50を算出した。
図3は、フィード試験を説明するための図である。
図3(a)に示すように、水平台にインラインフィーダ6(SANKI社製、ゴム脚方式、PEF-L30AG)を設置し、インラインフィーダ6にコントローラ7(SANKI社製、ピエゾ式コントローラ、型式P111)を接続し、インラインフィーダ6の上にシュート8(最大長300mm、最大幅20mm)を水平となるように取り付けた。シュート8には、図3(b)の断面図に示すように、最大高さ5mmの三角形状の溝9が形成されている。
上記で製造された蛍光体粉末を測定試料3として、図3(c)の断面図に示すように、シュート8の溝9に充填し、溝9の上面から余剰分をすりきりした。
続いて、コントローラ7で周波数を変更して、測定試料3のフィード量が0.02g~0.30g程度/5秒となるように振動を調整し、振動条件を決定した。
かかる振動条件を固定してのフィード試験を5回行い、5秒間でのフィード量(g)を測定した。
5回の測定値の平均値と標準偏差を求め、フィード量の変動係数を「(標準偏差)/平均値」から算出した。変動係数が小さいほど、フィード試験毎のフィード量のバラツキが小さいことから、計量安定性が高いこと示す。
実施例1~3の蛍光体粉末は、比較例1と比べて底面限定注入法による安息角が小さく、比較例2と比べて底面限定注入法による安息角および固め嵩密度が小さく、比較例1,2と比べて計量安定性に優れる結果を示した。
2 チューブ
3 測定試料
5 堆積物
6 インラインフィーダ
7 コントローラ
8 シュート
9 溝
10 蛍光体粒子
30 封止材
40 複合体
100 発光装置
120 発光素子
130 ヒートシンク
140 ケース
150 第1リードフレーム
160 第2リードフレーム
170 ボンディングワイヤ
172 ボンディングワイヤ
Claims (10)
- α型サイアロン蛍光体粒子を含む蛍光体粉末であって、
下記手順Aに基づいて測定される、当該蛍光体粉末の底面限定注入法による安息角が、55°以下であり、
下記手順Bに基づいて測定される、当該蛍光体粉末の固め嵩密度が、0.95g/cm3以下である、
る、蛍光体粉末。
(手順A)
直径φ33mmの底面を有する円柱台と、内径4φmmの先端口を有するチューブとを準備し、前記底面から40mmの高さに前記先端口が位置するように前記チューブを固定する。
測定試料として当該蛍光体粉末を前記チューブ内に供給し、前記先端口から前記底面の中心に向かって自由落下させ続け、測定試料が前記底面から定常的にこぼれ落ちる状態になるまで続ける。
その後、前記底面上に形成された円錐状の測定試料の堆積物の側面と前記底面とがなす仰角を求め、この仰角を、上記の底面限定注入法による安息角(°)とする。
(手順B)
乾いた一定容量の円筒形の測定用容器に補助円筒を装着し、補助円筒を通して測定用容器の内部内に測定試料として当該蛍光体粉末を導入する。補助円筒付きの測定用容器を、50~60回/分で、ストローク2cmの条件で上下方向に50回タッピングする。タッピング後、補助円筒を取外し、測定用容器の上面から過剰の測定試料をすり落とし、全体の質量を測定する。全体の質量から、予め測定しておいた空の円筒形容器の質量を差し引き、測定用容器内に充填された測定試料の質量を測定する。充填された測定試料の質量(g)を、測定用容器の内部体積(cm3)で除して、測定値を求める。3回の測定値の平均値を、上記の固め嵩密度(g/cm3)とする。 - 請求項1に記載の蛍光体粉末であって、
前記安息角が、20°以上である、蛍光体粉末。 - 請求項1または2に記載の蛍光体粉末であって、
前記固め嵩密度が、0.30g/cm3以上である、蛍光体粉末。 - 請求項1または2に記載の蛍光体粉末であって、
無機微粒子を含む、蛍光体粉末。 - 請求項4に記載の蛍光体粉末であって、
前記無機微粒子の含有量は、当該蛍光体粉末100質量%中、0.005質量%以上10質量%以下である、蛍光体粉末。 - 請求項4に記載の蛍光体粉末であって、
前記無機微粒子の平均粒子径が、10μm以下である、蛍光体粉末。 - 請求項4に記載の蛍光体粉末であって、
前記無機微粒子が、金属酸化物粒子および金属水酸化物粒子からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一方を含む、蛍光体粉末。 - 請求項4に記載の蛍光体粉末であって、
前記無機微粒子の一次粒子および/または前記一次粒子の凝集体が、前記α型サイアロン蛍光体粒子の表面の一部に付着している、蛍光体粉末。 - 請求項1または2に記載の蛍光体粉末であって、
湿式によるレーザー回折散乱法で測定される体積頻度粒度分布において、小粒子径側から累積値が5%となる粒子径をD5、累積値が50%となる粒子径をD50、累積値が97%となる粒子径をD97としたとき、
(D97-D5)/D50が、2.0以上5.0以下である、蛍光体粉末。 - 発光光源と、
波長変換部材と、を備え、
前記波長変換部材が、請求項1または2に記載の蛍光体粉末を含む、発光装置。
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| WO2011108740A1 (ja) * | 2010-03-01 | 2011-09-09 | 宇部興産株式会社 | Li含有α-サイアロン系蛍光体粒子とその製造方法、照明器具ならびに画像表示装置 |
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| JP2020164797A (ja) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-10-08 | デンカ株式会社 | 蛍光体粒子、複合体、発光装置および蛍光体粒子の製造方法 |
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2023
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- 2023-10-04 JP JP2024557065A patent/JPWO2024101040A1/ja active Pending
- 2023-10-04 CN CN202380077639.7A patent/CN120225635A/zh active Pending
- 2023-10-04 KR KR1020257015412A patent/KR20250085815A/ko active Pending
- 2023-10-16 TW TW112139286A patent/TW202421762A/zh unknown
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| WO2006093135A1 (ja) * | 2005-02-28 | 2006-09-08 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | 蛍光体とその製造方法、及びそれを用いた発光素子 |
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| WO2019188631A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-03 | デンカ株式会社 | β型サイアロン蛍光体及び発光装置 |
| WO2020085049A1 (ja) * | 2018-10-24 | 2020-04-30 | デンカ株式会社 | 表面被覆蛍光体粒子、複合体および発光装置 |
| JP2020066677A (ja) * | 2018-10-24 | 2020-04-30 | デンカ株式会社 | 表面被覆蛍光体粒子、複合体、発光装置および表面被覆蛍光体粒子の製造方法 |
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