WO2024084889A1 - ガスセンサ - Google Patents
ガスセンサ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024084889A1 WO2024084889A1 PCT/JP2023/034343 JP2023034343W WO2024084889A1 WO 2024084889 A1 WO2024084889 A1 WO 2024084889A1 JP 2023034343 W JP2023034343 W JP 2023034343W WO 2024084889 A1 WO2024084889 A1 WO 2024084889A1
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- measurement
- pump
- concentration
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- gas
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/416—Systems
- G01N27/417—Systems using cells, i.e. more than one cell and probes with solid electrolytes
- G01N27/419—Measuring voltages or currents with a combination of oxygen pumping cells and oxygen concentration cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
- G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
- G01N27/407—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
- G01N27/4075—Composition or fabrication of the electrodes and coatings thereon, e.g. catalysts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
- G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
- G01N27/407—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
- G01N27/41—Oxygen pumping cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0036—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector specially adapted to detect a particular component
- G01N33/0037—NOx
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0036—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector specially adapted to detect a particular component
- G01N33/004—CO or CO2
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a gas sensor.
- Patent Document 1 describes a gas sensor that includes an element body having a measured gas flow section that includes an oxygen ion conductive solid electrolyte layer and introduces and flows the measured gas, and a plurality of electrodes arranged on the element body.
- oxygen is pumped out or pumped in between the oxygen concentration adjustment chamber in the measured gas flow section and the outside of the sensor element, and the oxygen concentration in the oxygen concentration adjustment chamber is adjusted.
- the measured gas after the oxygen concentration is adjusted reaches a measurement chamber arranged downstream of the oxygen concentration adjustment chamber in the measured gas flow section.
- NOx in the measured gas is reduced around the measurement electrode arranged in the measurement chamber. Then, the measurement pump cell is feedback controlled so that the voltage V2 generated between the measurement electrode and the reference electrode becomes a predetermined target value, and oxygen around the measurement electrode is pumped out. The concentration of NOx in the measured gas is detected based on the pump current Ip2 that flows at this time.
- Gas sensors that detect the carbon dioxide concentration in a measured gas are also known.
- the gas sensor described in Patent Document 2 adjusts the oxygen partial pressure in the first internal space of the sensor element so that the water vapor component and carbon dioxide component in the measured gas are substantially all decomposed in the first internal space. Then, oxygen is supplied to the second internal space by the first measurement electrochemical pumping cell so that hydrogen generated by decomposition of the water vapor component is selectively burned in the second internal space, and the concentration of the water vapor component present in the measured gas is determined based on the magnitude of the current that flows at this time.
- This gas sensor also supplies oxygen to the surface of the second measurement inner electrode by the second measurement electrochemical pumping cell so that carbon monoxide generated by decomposition of the carbon dioxide component is selectively burned, and the concentration of the carbon dioxide component present in the measured gas is determined based on the magnitude of the current that flows at this time.
- JP 2022-091669 A Patent No. 5918177
- the present invention was made to solve these problems, and its main purpose is to detect the NOx and carbon dioxide concentrations in the measured gas.
- the present invention takes the following measures to achieve the above-mentioned main objective.
- the gas sensor of the present invention comprises: an element body having an oxygen ion conductive solid electrolyte layer and a measurement gas flow section for introducing and flowing a measurement gas therein; a first measurement pump cell including a first inner measurement electrode disposed in a first measurement chamber of the measurement target gas flow portion, the first measurement pump cell pumping oxygen from the first measurement chamber to the outside of the element body; a second measurement pump cell including a second inner measurement electrode disposed in a second measurement chamber located downstream of the first measurement chamber in the measurement gas flow portion, the second measurement pump cell pumping oxygen from the second measurement chamber to the outside of the element body; an adjusting pump cell including an inner adjusting electrode disposed in an oxygen concentration adjusting chamber located upstream of the first measuring chamber in the measurement gas flow portion, the adjusting pump cell adjusting the oxygen concentration in the oxygen concentration adjusting chamber; a reference electrode disposed inside the element body so as to be in contact with a reference gas; A sensor element having a control device that performs an adjustment pump control process for adjusting the oxygen concentration in the oxygen concentration in the
- Equipped with the control device detects a NOx concentration in the measurement gas based on a first measurement pump current that flows when oxygen generated when NOx is reduced in the first measurement chamber is pumped out by the first measurement pump control process; the control device detects the carbon dioxide concentration in the measurement gas based on a second measurement pump current that flows when oxygen generated when carbon dioxide is reduced in the second measurement chamber is pumped out by the second measurement pump control process, and a change in the first measurement pump current that flows during execution of the adjustment pump control process and the first measurement pump control process when at least one of the adjustment voltage target value and the first measurement voltage target value is changed. It is something.
- the control device performs an adjustment pump control process to adjust the oxygen concentration in the oxygen concentration adjustment chamber by controlling the adjustment pump cell so that the adjustment voltage, which is the voltage between the reference electrode and the inner adjustment electrode, becomes the adjustment voltage target value.
- the control device also performs a first measurement pump control process to pump oxygen from the first measurement chamber by controlling the first measurement pump cell so that the first measurement voltage, which is the voltage between the reference electrode and the first inner measurement electrode, becomes the first measurement voltage target value.
- the control device performs a second measurement pump control process to pump oxygen from the second measurement chamber by controlling the second measurement pump cell so that the second measurement voltage, which is the voltage between the reference electrode and the second inner measurement electrode, becomes the second measurement voltage target value.
- the control device detects the NOx concentration in the measured gas based on the first measurement pump current that flows when oxygen generated when NOx is reduced in the first measurement chamber is pumped out by the first measurement pump control process.
- the control device detects the carbon dioxide concentration in the measurement gas based on the second measurement pump current that flows when oxygen generated when carbon dioxide is reduced in the second measurement chamber is pumped out by the second measurement pump control process, and the change in the first measurement pump current that flows during the adjustment pump control process and the first measurement pump control process when at least one of the adjustment voltage target value and the first measurement voltage target value is changed.
- the gas sensor of the present invention detects the NOx concentration based on the first measurement pump current, and detects the carbon dioxide concentration based on the second measurement pump current.
- the second measurement pump current that flows by the second measurement pump control process has a value based on the carbon dioxide concentration and the water concentration.
- the present inventors have found that the change in the first measurement pump current when at least one of the adjustment voltage target value and the first measurement voltage target value is changed is correlated with the water concentration in the measurement gas. Therefore, the carbon dioxide concentration in the measurement gas can be detected based on the change in the second measurement pump current and the first measurement pump current. From the above, the gas sensor of the present invention can detect the NOx concentration and carbon dioxide concentration in the measured gas.
- the control device may detect the water concentration in the measured gas based on the change in the first measurement pump current.
- the change in the first measurement pump current when at least one of the adjustment voltage target value and the first measurement voltage target value is changed is correlated with the water concentration in the measured gas, so the water concentration in the measured gas can also be detected based on this change.
- the control device may detect the carbon dioxide concentration in the measured gas based on the second measurement pump current and the detected water concentration.
- the control device may derive a total value of the carbon dioxide concentration and the water concentration in the measured gas based on the second measurement pump current, and detect the carbon dioxide concentration in the measured gas by subtracting the detected water concentration from the total value. In this way, the carbon dioxide concentration can be detected by a relatively simple method.
- the control device may detect the oxygen concentration in the measured gas based on the adjustment pump current flowing due to the adjustment pump control process. In this way, the gas sensor can also detect the oxygen concentration in the measured gas.
- the oxygen concentration adjustment chamber has a first internal space and a second internal space provided downstream of the first internal space and upstream of the measurement chamber
- the adjustment pump cell has a main pump cell that adjusts the oxygen concentration of the first internal space and an auxiliary pump cell that adjusts the oxygen concentration of the second internal space
- the inner adjustment electrode has an inner main pump electrode disposed in the first internal space and constituting a part of the main pump cell, and an inner auxiliary pump electrode disposed in the second internal space and constituting a part of the auxiliary pump cell
- the adjustment pump control process may include a main pump control process that controls the main pump cell to adjust the oxygen concentration of the first internal space, and an auxiliary pump control process that controls the auxiliary pump cell so that the adjustment voltage becomes the adjustment voltage target value.
- the inner adjustment electrode may contain a catalytically active precious metal and Au.
- the inner adjustment electrode contains Au, which suppresses the catalytic activity against NOx and carbon dioxide, thereby suppressing the reduction of NOx and carbon dioxide in the oxygen concentration adjustment chamber.
- the first inner measurement electrode may contain Rh and a precious metal other than Rh that has catalytic activity. In this way, the first inner measurement electrode contains Rh, which can promote the reduction of NOx in the first measurement chamber.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the configuration of a gas sensor 100.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the electrical connection relationship between the control device 95 and each cell and the heater 72.
- 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the target value V1*, the water concentration, and the pump current Ip2.
- 13 is a graph showing the relationship between the water concentration and the slope of the change in offset current Ip2offset with respect to the change in target value V1*.
- 13 is a graph showing the relationship between the target value V2*, the water concentration, and the pump current Ip2.
- 13 is a graph showing the relationship between the water concentration and the slope of the change in offset current Ip2offset with respect to the change in target value V2*.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of a control routine.
- 13 is a graph showing the relationship between the total value Cs of the water concentration and the carbon dioxide concentration and the pump current Ip3.
- 13 is a graph showing the correspondence relationship between the gradient G, the pump current Ip3, and the carbon dioxide concentration.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sensor element 201.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of a gas sensor 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the electrical connection between a control device 95 and each cell and a heater 72.
- the gas sensor 100 is attached to a pipe such as an exhaust gas pipe of an internal combustion engine.
- the gas sensor 100 detects the concentration of a specific gas in the measured gas, which is exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine.
- the gas sensor 100 measures the NOx concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, water concentration, and oxygen concentration as the specific gas concentrations.
- the gas sensor 100 includes a sensor element 101 having a long rectangular parallelepiped shape, each cell 21, 41, 50, 80 to 84 included in the sensor element 101, a heater section 70 provided inside the sensor element 101, and a control device 95 having variable power sources 24, 46, 52, 68 and a heater power source 76 and controlling the entire gas sensor 100.
- the sensor element 101 is an element having a laminate in which six layers, namely a first substrate layer 1, a second substrate layer 2, a third substrate layer 3, a first solid electrolyte layer 4, a spacer layer 5, and a second solid electrolyte layer 6, each of which is made of an oxygen ion conductive solid electrolyte layer such as zirconia (ZrO2), are laminated in this order from the bottom as viewed in the drawing.
- the solid electrolyte forming these six layers is dense and airtight.
- the sensor element 101 is manufactured, for example, by performing a predetermined processing and printing a circuit pattern on ceramic green sheets corresponding to each layer, laminating them, and further firing them to integrate them.
- the gas inlet 10 On the tip side (left end side in FIG. 1) of the sensor element 101, between the lower surface of the second solid electrolyte layer 6 and the upper surface of the first solid electrolyte layer 4, the gas inlet 10, the first diffusion rate-controlling section 11, the buffer space 12, the second diffusion rate-controlling section 13, the first internal cavity 20, the third diffusion rate-controlling section 30, the second internal cavity 40, the fourth diffusion rate-controlling section 60, the third internal cavity 61, the fifth diffusion rate-controlling section 62, and the fourth internal cavity 63 are formed adjacent to each other and communicated with each other in this order.
- the gas inlet 10, buffer space 12, first internal cavity 20, second internal cavity 40, third internal cavity 61, and fourth internal cavity 63 are spaces inside the sensor element 101, which are defined by a hollowed-out portion of the spacer layer 5, with an upper portion defined by the underside of the second solid electrolyte layer 6, a lower portion defined by the upper surface of the first solid electrolyte layer 4, and a side portion defined by the side surface of the spacer layer 5.
- the first diffusion rate-controlling section 11, the second diffusion rate-controlling section 13, and the third diffusion rate-controlling section 30 are each provided as two horizontally elongated slits (with the opening extending in the direction perpendicular to the drawing).
- the fourth diffusion rate-controlling section 60 and the fifth diffusion rate-controlling section 62 are each provided as a single horizontally elongated slit (with the opening extending in the direction perpendicular to the drawing) formed as a gap with the underside of the second solid electrolyte layer 6.
- the area extending from the gas inlet 10 to the fourth internal space 63 is also referred to as the measured gas flow section.
- a reference gas introduction space 43 is provided at a position partitioned at the side by the side surface of the first solid electrolyte layer 4. For example, air is introduced into the reference gas introduction space 43 as a reference gas when measuring the NOx concentration.
- the reference gas introduction layer 48 is a layer made of porous ceramics, and the reference gas is introduced into the reference gas introduction layer 48 through the reference gas introduction space 43.
- the reference gas introduction layer 48 is also formed so as to cover the reference electrode 42.
- the reference electrode 42 is an electrode formed in a manner sandwiched between the upper surface of the third substrate layer 3 and the first solid electrolyte layer 4, and as described above, a reference gas introduction layer 48 connected to the reference gas introduction space 43 is provided around it. As will be described later, the reference electrode 42 can be used to measure the oxygen concentration (oxygen partial pressure) in the first internal space 20, the second internal space 40, the third internal space 61, and the fourth internal space 63.
- the reference electrode 42 is formed as a porous cermet electrode (for example, a cermet electrode of Pt and ZrO2 ).
- the gas inlet 10 is a section that opens to the external space, and the measured gas is taken into the sensor element 101 from the external space through the gas inlet 10.
- the first diffusion rate-controlling section 11 is a section that imparts a predetermined diffusion resistance to the measured gas taken in from the gas inlet 10.
- the buffer space 12 is a space provided to guide the measured gas introduced from the first diffusion rate-controlling section 11 to the second diffusion rate-controlling section 13.
- the second diffusion rate-controlling section 13 is a section that imparts a predetermined diffusion resistance to the measured gas introduced from the buffer space 12 into the first internal space 20.
- the first internal space 20 is provided as a space for adjusting the oxygen partial pressure in the measurement gas introduced through the second diffusion rate-controlling section 13. The oxygen partial pressure is adjusted by the operation of the main pump cell 21.
- the main pump cell 21 is an electrochemical pump cell that is composed of an inner pump electrode 22 having a ceiling electrode portion 22a provided on almost the entire lower surface of the second solid electrolyte layer 6 facing the first internal space 20, an outer pump electrode 23 provided in a region corresponding to the ceiling electrode portion 22a on the upper surface of the second solid electrolyte layer 6 in a manner that exposes it to the external space, and the second solid electrolyte layer 6 sandwiched between these electrodes.
- the inner pump electrode 22 is formed across the upper and lower solid electrolyte layers (second solid electrolyte layer 6 and first solid electrolyte layer 4) that define the first internal cavity 20, and the spacer layer 5 that provides the side walls. Specifically, a ceiling electrode portion 22a is formed on the lower surface of the second solid electrolyte layer 6 that provides the ceiling surface of the first internal cavity 20, and a bottom electrode portion 22b is formed on the upper surface of the first solid electrolyte layer 4 that provides the bottom surface.
- Side electrode portions are formed on the side wall surfaces (inner surfaces) of the spacer layer 5 that constitute both side wall portions of the first internal cavity 20 so as to connect the ceiling electrode portion 22a and the bottom electrode portion 22b, and are arranged in a tunnel-shaped structure at the locations where the side electrode portions are arranged.
- the inner pump electrode 22 and the outer pump electrode 23 are formed as porous cermet electrodes (for example, a cermet electrode of Pt containing 1% Au and ZrO2 ).
- the inner pump electrode 22, which comes into contact with the measurement gas, is formed using a material with a weakened ability to reduce the NOx component in the measurement gas.
- an electrochemical sensor cell i.e., an oxygen partial pressure detection sensor cell 80 for controlling the main pump, is configured by the inner pump electrode 22, the second solid electrolyte layer 6, the spacer layer 5, the first solid electrolyte layer 4, the third substrate layer 3, and the reference electrode 42.
- the oxygen concentration (oxygen partial pressure) in the first internal space 20 can be determined by measuring the electromotive force (voltage V0) in the oxygen partial pressure detection sensor cell 80 for controlling the main pump. Furthermore, the pump current Ip0 is controlled by feedback controlling the voltage Vp0 of the variable power supply 24 so that the voltage V0 becomes the target value. This allows the oxygen concentration in the first internal space 20 to be maintained at a predetermined constant value.
- the third diffusion rate control section 30 is a section that imparts a predetermined diffusion resistance to the measured gas, the oxygen concentration (oxygen partial pressure) of which is controlled by the operation of the main pump cell 21 in the first internal space 20, and guides the measured gas to the second internal space 40.
- the second internal space 40 is provided as a space for further adjusting the oxygen partial pressure by the auxiliary pump cell 50 for the measurement gas introduced through the third diffusion-controlling section 30 after the oxygen concentration (oxygen partial pressure) has been adjusted in advance in the first internal space 20. This allows the oxygen concentration in the second internal space 40 to be kept constant with high precision, making it possible for the gas sensor 100 to measure NOx concentrations with high precision.
- the auxiliary pump cell 50 is an auxiliary electrochemical pump cell that is composed of an auxiliary pump electrode 51 having a ceiling electrode portion 51a provided on almost the entire lower surface of the second solid electrolyte layer 6 facing the second internal space 40, an outer pump electrode 23 (not limited to the outer pump electrode 23, any suitable electrode on the outside of the sensor element 101 will suffice), and the second solid electrolyte layer 6.
- the auxiliary pump electrode 51 is disposed in the second internal space 40 in a tunnel-shaped structure similar to the inner pump electrode 22 disposed in the first internal space 20. That is, a ceiling electrode portion 51a is formed on the second solid electrolyte layer 6 that provides the ceiling surface of the second internal space 40, and a bottom electrode portion 51b is formed on the first solid electrolyte layer 4 that provides the bottom surface of the second internal space 40. Side electrodes (not shown) connecting the ceiling electrode portion 51a and the bottom electrode portion 51b are formed on both wall surfaces of the spacer layer 5 that provides the side walls of the second internal space 40, forming a tunnel-shaped structure.
- the auxiliary pump electrode 51 is also formed of a material with a reduced ability to reduce NOx components in the measured gas, similar to the inner pump electrode 22.
- auxiliary pump cell 50 by applying a desired voltage Vp1 between the auxiliary pump electrode 51 and the outer pump electrode 23, it is possible to pump oxygen in the atmosphere in the second internal space 40 out to the external space, or pump oxygen from the external space into the second internal space 40.
- an electrochemical sensor cell i.e., an oxygen partial pressure detection sensor cell 81 for controlling the auxiliary pump, is constituted by the auxiliary pump electrode 51, the reference electrode 42, the second solid electrolyte layer 6, the spacer layer 5, the first solid electrolyte layer 4, and the third substrate layer 3.
- the auxiliary pump cell 50 pumps using a variable power supply 52 whose voltage is controlled based on the electromotive force (voltage V1) detected by the auxiliary pump control oxygen partial pressure detection sensor cell 81. This allows the oxygen partial pressure in the atmosphere within the second internal space 40 to be controlled to a low partial pressure that does not substantially affect the measurement of NOx.
- the pump current Ip1 is used to control the electromotive force of the oxygen partial pressure detection sensor cell 80 for controlling the main pump.
- the pump current Ip1 is input as a control signal to the oxygen partial pressure detection sensor cell 80 for controlling the main pump, and the above-mentioned target value of the voltage V0 is controlled so that the gradient of the oxygen partial pressure in the measurement gas introduced from the third diffusion rate-controlling section 30 into the second internal space 40 is always constant.
- the oxygen concentration in the second internal space 40 is kept constant at approximately 0.001 ppm by the action of the main pump cell 21 and the auxiliary pump cell 50.
- the fourth diffusion rate-controlling section 60 is a section that applies a predetermined diffusion resistance to the measured gas, the oxygen concentration (oxygen partial pressure) of which has been controlled by the operation of the auxiliary pump cell 50 in the second internal space 40, and guides the measured gas to the third internal space 61.
- the fourth diffusion rate-controlling section 60 plays a role in limiting the amount of NOx that flows into the third internal space 61.
- the third internal space 61 is provided as a space for carrying out processing related to measuring the nitrogen oxide (NOx) concentration in the measurement gas, which is introduced through the fourth diffusion control section 60 after the oxygen concentration (oxygen partial pressure) has been adjusted in advance in the second internal space 40.
- the measurement of the NOx concentration is mainly carried out in the third internal space 61 by the operation of the first measurement pump cell 41.
- the first measuring pump cell 41 measures the NOx concentration in the measured gas in the third internal space 61.
- the first measuring pump cell 41 is an electrochemical pump cell composed of a first measuring electrode 44 provided on the upper surface of the first solid electrolyte layer 4 facing the third internal space 61, an outer pump electrode 23, a second solid electrolyte layer 6, a spacer layer 5, and the first solid electrolyte layer 4.
- the first measuring electrode 44 is a porous cermet electrode composed of a material having a higher reduction ability for the NOx component in the measured gas than the inner pump electrode 22.
- the first measuring electrode 44 also functions as a NOx reduction catalyst that reduces NOx present in the atmosphere in the third internal space 61.
- oxygen produced by the decomposition of nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere surrounding the first measurement electrode 44 is pumped out, and the amount of oxygen produced can be detected as a pump current Ip2.
- the first solid electrolyte layer 4 the third substrate layer 3, the first measurement electrode 44, and the reference electrode 42 constitute an electrochemical sensor cell, i.e., an oxygen partial pressure detection sensor cell 82 for controlling the first measurement pump.
- the variable power supply 46 is controlled based on the electromotive force (voltage V2) detected by the oxygen partial pressure detection sensor cell 82 for controlling the first measurement pump.
- the measurement gas introduced into the second internal space 40 reaches the first measurement electrode 44 in the third internal space 61 through the fourth diffusion rate-controlling section 60 under the condition that the oxygen partial pressure is controlled.
- the nitrogen oxides in the measurement gas around the first measurement electrode 44 are reduced (2NO ⁇ N 2 +O 2 ) to generate oxygen.
- the generated oxygen is then pumped by the first measurement pump cell 41, and the voltage Vp2 of the variable power supply 46 is controlled so that the voltage V2 detected by the oxygen partial pressure detection sensor cell 82 for controlling the first measurement pump is constant (target value).
- the amount of oxygen generated around the first measurement electrode 44 is proportional to the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the measurement gas, so that the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the measurement gas is calculated using the pump current Ip2 in the first measurement pump cell 41.
- the first measuring electrode 44, the first solid electrolyte layer 4, the third substrate layer 3, and the reference electrode 42 to form an oxygen partial pressure detection means as an electrochemical sensor cell, it is possible to detect an electromotive force corresponding to the difference between the amount of oxygen generated by reduction of the NOx components in the atmosphere around the first measuring electrode 44 and the amount of oxygen contained in the reference atmosphere, thereby making it possible to determine the concentration of the NOx components in the measured gas.
- the fifth diffusion rate-controlling section 62 is a section that imparts a predetermined diffusion resistance to the measured gas in the third internal space 61 and guides the measured gas to the fourth internal space 63.
- the fifth diffusion rate-controlling section 62 serves to limit the amount of carbon dioxide that flows into the fourth internal space 63.
- the fourth internal space 63 is provided as a space for carrying out processing related to measurement of the carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) concentration in the measurement gas introduced through the fifth diffusion rate-controlling part 62 after nitrogen oxides have been reduced in the third internal space 61.
- the carbon dioxide concentration is measured mainly in the fourth internal space 63 by the operation of the second measuring pump cell 66.
- the second measurement pump cell 66 is an electrochemical pump cell composed of a second measurement electrode 67 provided on the upper surface of the first solid electrolyte layer 4 facing the fourth internal space 63, the outer pump electrode 23, the second solid electrolyte layer 6, the spacer layer 5, and the first solid electrolyte layer 4.
- the second measurement electrode 67 is a porous cermet electrode composed of a material having a higher reduction ability for the carbon dioxide component in the measured gas than the inner pump electrode 22.
- the second measurement electrode 67 also functions as a carbon dioxide reduction catalyst that reduces carbon dioxide present in the atmosphere in the fourth internal space 63.
- oxygen produced by the decomposition of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere surrounding the second measurement electrode 67 is pumped out, and the amount of oxygen produced can be detected as a pump current Ip3.
- the variable power supply 68 is controlled based on the electromotive force (voltage V3) detected by the oxygen partial pressure detection sensor cell 84 for controlling the second measurement pump.
- the NOx components are reduced, and the oxygen generated by the reduction is pumped by the first measurement pump cell 41, and then reaches the second measurement electrode 67 in the fourth internal space 63 through the fifth diffusion rate control section 62.
- Carbon dioxide in the measurement gas around the second measurement electrode 67 is reduced (2CO 2 ⁇ 2CO+O 2 ) to generate oxygen.
- the generated oxygen is pumped by the second measurement pump cell 66, and at that time, the voltage Vp3 of the variable power supply 68 is controlled so that the voltage V3 detected by the oxygen partial pressure detection sensor cell 84 for controlling the second measurement pump is constant (target value). Since the amount of oxygen generated around the second measurement electrode 67 is proportional to the concentration of carbon dioxide in the measurement gas, the carbon dioxide concentration in the measurement gas is calculated using the pump current Ip3 in the second measurement pump cell 66.
- the second solid electrolyte layer 6, the spacer layer 5, the first solid electrolyte layer 4, the third substrate layer 3, the outer pump electrode 23, and the reference electrode 42 constitute an electrochemical sensor cell 83, and the electromotive force (voltage Vref) obtained by this sensor cell 83 makes it possible to detect the partial pressure of oxygen in the measured gas outside the sensor.
- the main pump cell 21 and the auxiliary pump cell 50 are operated to provide the first measuring pump cell 41 with a measurement gas whose oxygen partial pressure is always kept at a constant low value (a value that has no substantial effect on the measurement of NOx). Therefore, the NOx concentration in the measurement gas can be known based on the pump current Ip2 that flows when oxygen generated by the reduction of NOx is pumped out of the first measuring pump cell 41, which is approximately proportional to the concentration of NOx in the measurement gas.
- the carbon dioxide concentration in the measurement gas can be known based on the pump current Ip3 that flows when oxygen generated by the reduction of carbon dioxide is pumped out of the second measuring pump cell 66.
- the sensor element 101 is provided with a heater section 70 that serves to adjust the temperature by heating and keeping the sensor element 101 warm in order to increase the oxygen ion conductivity of the solid electrolyte.
- the heater section 70 includes a heater connector electrode 71, a heater 72, a through hole 73, a heater insulating layer 74, and a pressure release hole 75.
- the heater connector electrode 71 is an electrode formed in such a manner that it is in contact with the underside of the first substrate layer 1. By connecting the heater connector electrode 71 to an external power source, it is possible to supply power to the heater section 70 from the outside.
- the heater 72 is an electrical resistor sandwiched between the second substrate layer 2 and the third substrate layer 3.
- the heater 72 is connected to a heater connector electrode 71 via a through hole 73, and generates heat when power is supplied from a heater power source 76 (see FIG. 2) through the heater connector electrode 71, thereby heating and keeping warm the solid electrolyte that forms the sensor element 101.
- the heater 72 is embedded throughout the entire area from the first internal space 20 to the fourth internal space 63, making it possible to adjust the temperature of the entire sensor element 101 to a temperature at which the solid electrolyte is activated.
- the heater insulating layer 74 is an insulating layer formed of an insulator such as alumina on the upper and lower surfaces of the heater 72.
- the heater insulating layer 74 is formed for the purpose of obtaining electrical insulation between the second substrate layer 2 and the heater 72, and between the third substrate layer 3 and the heater 72.
- the pressure relief hole 75 is a portion that penetrates the third substrate layer 3 and the reference gas introduction layer 48 and is provided so as to communicate with the reference gas introduction space 43, and is formed for the purpose of mitigating the increase in internal pressure that accompanies a rise in temperature within the heater insulation layer 74.
- the control device 95 includes the variable power supplies 24, 46, 52, 68 described above, the heater power supply 76 described above, and a control unit 96.
- the control unit 96 is a microprocessor including a CPU 97 and a memory unit 98.
- the memory unit 98 is a non-volatile memory in which information can be rewritten, and can store, for example, various programs and various data.
- the control unit 96 inputs the voltage V0 detected by the oxygen partial pressure detection sensor cell 80 for controlling the main pump, the voltage V1 detected by the oxygen partial pressure detection sensor cell 81 for controlling the auxiliary pump, the voltage V2 detected by the oxygen partial pressure detection sensor cell 82 for controlling the first measurement pump, the voltage V3 detected by the oxygen partial pressure detection sensor cell 84 for controlling the second measurement pump, the voltage Vref detected by the sensor cell 83, the pump current Ip0 detected by the main pump cell 21, the pump current Ip1 detected by the auxiliary pump cell 50, the pump current Ip2 detected by the first measurement pump cell 41, and the pump current Ip3 detected by the second measurement pump cell 66.
- the control unit 96 also outputs control signals to the variable power sources 24, 46, 52, 68 to control the voltages Vp0, Vp1, Vp2, Vp3 output by the variable power sources 24, 46, 52, 68, thereby controlling the main pump cell 21, the auxiliary pump cell 50, the first measurement pump cell 41, and the second measurement pump cell 66.
- the control unit 96 outputs control signals to the heater power source 76 to control the power supplied to the heater 72 by the heater power source 76.
- the memory unit 98 also stores target values V0*, V1*, V2*, V3*, etc., which will be described later.
- the CPU 97 of the control unit 96 controls each cell 21, 41, 50, 66 by referring to these target values V0*, V1*, V2*, V3*.
- the control unit 96 performs an auxiliary pump control process that controls the auxiliary pump cell 50 so that the oxygen concentration in the second internal space 40 becomes the target concentration. Specifically, the control unit 96 controls the auxiliary pump cell 50 by feedback controlling the voltage Vp1 of the variable power supply 52 so that the voltage V1 becomes a constant value (referred to as the target value V1*).
- the target value V1* is set as a value that causes the oxygen concentration in the second internal space 40 to become a predetermined low concentration that does not substantially affect the measurement of NOx.
- the control unit 96 performs a main pump control process to control the main pump cell 21 so that the pump current Ip1 flowing when the auxiliary pump cell 50 adjusts the oxygen concentration in the second internal space 40 by the auxiliary pump control process becomes a target current (referred to as the target value Ip1*). Specifically, the control unit 96 sets (feedback control) a target value (referred to as the target value V0*) of the voltage V0 based on the pump current Ip1 so that the pump current Ip1 flowing due to the voltage Vp1 becomes a constant target value Ip1*.
- the control unit 96 then feedback controls the voltage Vp0 of the variable power supply 24 so that the voltage V0 becomes the target value V0* (i.e., so that the oxygen concentration in the first internal space 20 becomes the target concentration).
- This main pump control process ensures that the gradient of the oxygen partial pressure in the measured gas introduced from the third diffusion rate-controlling unit 30 into the second internal space 40 is always constant.
- the target value V0* is set to a value such that the oxygen concentration in the first internal space 20 is higher and lower than 0%.
- the pump current Ip0 that flows during this main pump control process changes depending on the oxygen concentration of the measurement gas (i.e., the measurement gas around the sensor element 101) that flows into the measurement gas flow section from the gas inlet 10. Therefore, the control unit 96 can also detect the oxygen concentration in the measurement gas based on the pump current Ip0.
- the above-mentioned main pump control process and auxiliary pump control process are also collectively referred to as the adjustment pump control process.
- the first internal space 20 and the second internal space 40 are also collectively referred to as the oxygen concentration adjustment chamber.
- the main pump cell 21 and the auxiliary pump cell 50 are also collectively referred to as the adjustment pump cell.
- the control unit 96 performs the adjustment pump control process, and the adjustment pump cell adjusts the oxygen concentration in the oxygen concentration adjustment chamber.
- control unit 96 performs a first measurement pump control process that controls the first measurement pump cell 41 so that the voltage V2 becomes a constant value (referred to as the target value V2*) (i.e., so that the oxygen concentration in the third internal space 61 becomes a predetermined low concentration). Specifically, the control unit 96 controls the first measurement pump cell 41 by feedback controlling the voltage Vp2 of the variable power supply 46 so that the voltage V2 becomes the target value V2*. Oxygen is pumped out of the third internal space 61 by this first measurement pump control process.
- oxygen is pumped out from the third internal space 61 so that the amount of oxygen generated by the reduction of NOx in the measured gas in the third internal space 61 is substantially zero.
- the control unit 96 then obtains the pump current Ip2 as a detection value corresponding to the oxygen generated in the third internal space 61 as a result of NOx, and calculates the NOx concentration in the measured gas based on this pump current Ip2.
- the memory unit 98 stores a relational expression (for example, a linear or quadratic function) or a map as a correspondence between the pump current Ip2 and the NOx concentration. Such a relational expression or map can be obtained in advance by experiment.
- control unit 96 performs a second measurement pump control process to control the second measurement pump cell 66 so that the voltage V3 becomes a constant value (referred to as the target value V3*) (i.e., so that the oxygen concentration in the fourth internal space 63 becomes a predetermined low concentration).
- the control unit 96 controls the second measurement pump cell 66 by feedback controlling the voltage Vp3 of the variable power supply 68 so that the voltage V3 becomes the target value V3*. Oxygen is pumped out of the fourth internal space 63 by this second measurement pump control process.
- oxygen is pumped out of the fourth internal space 63 so that the amount of oxygen generated by the reduction of carbon dioxide in the measured gas in the fourth internal space 63 is substantially zero.
- the control unit 96 then obtains the pump current Ip3 as a detection value corresponding to the oxygen generated in the fourth internal space 63 as a result of carbon dioxide, and calculates the carbon dioxide concentration in the measured gas based on this pump current Ip3.
- the control unit 96 performs a heater control process that outputs a control signal to the heater power supply 76 to control the temperature of the heater 72 to a target temperature (e.g., 800°C).
- a target temperature e.g. 800°C
- the temperature of the heater 72 can be expressed as a linear function of the resistance value of the heater 72.
- the control unit 96 calculates the resistance value of the heater 72 as a value that can be regarded as the temperature of the heater 72 (a value that can be converted into a temperature), and feedback controls the heater power supply 76 so that the calculated resistance value becomes the target resistance value (resistance value corresponding to the target temperature).
- the control unit 96 can, for example, obtain the voltage of the heater 72 and the current flowing through the heater 72, and calculate the resistance value of the heater 72 based on the obtained voltage and current.
- the control unit 96 may calculate the resistance value of the heater 72 using, for example, a three-terminal method or a four-terminal method.
- the heater power supply 76 adjusts the power supplied to the heater 72 by, for example, changing the value of the voltage applied to the heater 72 based on a control signal from the control unit 96.
- three types of measured gases were prepared: a first gas in which the base gas was nitrogen, the oxygen concentration was 0%, the water concentration was 3%, the NO concentration was 0 ppm, and the carbon dioxide concentration was 0%; a second gas in which the composition was the same as that of the first gas except that the water concentration was 9%; and a third gas in which the composition was the same as that of the first gas except that the water concentration was 15%.
- the target value V2* was set to 400 mV
- the target value V1* was set to 300 mV
- the pump current Ip2 was measured when the control unit 96 performed the above-mentioned adjustment pump control process and the first measurement pump control process for the first gas.
- the control unit 96 started the above-mentioned heater control process and the temperature of the heater 72 reached near the target temperature, and then started the adjustment pump control process and the first measurement pump control process, and measured the value of the pump current Ip2 in a stable state.
- the pump current Ip2 corresponding to each of the target values V1* was measured in the same manner as above, except that the target value V1* was changed to 350 mV, 400 mV, and 450 mV.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the target value V1*, the water concentration in the measured gas, and the pump current Ip2.
- the pump current Ip2 on the vertical axis of FIG. 3 is shown as a value (unit: ppm) obtained by converting the pump current Ip2 into an NO concentration using the correspondence relationship between the pump current Ip2 and the NOx concentration stored in the memory unit 98.
- FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the target value V1*, the water concentration in the measured gas, and the offset current Ip2offset.
- the offset current is also included in the pump current Ip2 when the NOx concentration is not 0 ppm.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the water concentration in the measured gas and the slope of the change in the offset current Ip2offset relative to the change in the target value V1*, calculated from the data shown in FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 3, there is a linear correlation between the target value V1* and the offset current Ip2offset, and it was confirmed that the higher the target value V1*, the smaller the offset current Ip2offset tends to be. In addition, it was confirmed that the absolute value of the slope of the slope of the change in the offset current Ip2offset relative to the change in the target value V1* tends to increase as the water concentration in the measured gas increases.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the water concentration in the measured gas and the slope of the change in the offset current Ip2offset relative to the change in the target value V1*, calculated from the data shown in FIG. 3. As shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the target value V2*, the water concentration in the measured gas, and the pump current Ip2.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the water concentration in the measured gas calculated from the data shown in FIG. 5 and the slope of the change in the offset current Ip2offset relative to the change in the target value V2*.
- the water concentration in the measured gas can be detected based on the change in the pump current Ip2 when the target value V2* is changed (for example, the slope of the change in the offset current Ip2offset when the target value V2* is changed). This point is a new finding made by the present inventors.
- the change in the pump current Ip2 flowing during the execution of the adjustment pump control process and the first measurement pump control process when at least one of the target values V1* and V2* is changed correlates with the water concentration in the measured gas, and therefore the water concentration can be detected based on this change in the pump current Ip2.
- a linear function equation or map showing the linear relationship shown in Figure 4 is stored in the memory unit 98.
- the adjustment pump control process (here, the main pump control process and the auxiliary pump control process) is performed when water is present in the measurement gas, at least a part of the water is decomposed around the auxiliary pump electrode 51 by the voltage Vp1 of the variable power supply 52 to generate hydrogen (H 2 ) and oxygen (O 2 ).
- the generated oxygen is pumped out from the periphery of the auxiliary pump electrode 51, i.e., from the second internal space 40, by the auxiliary pump cell 50, but at least a part of the generated hydrogen reaches the third internal space 61.
- the hydrogen that has reached the third internal space 61 reacts with the oxygen in the third internal space 61 to become water, so that the amount of oxygen pumped out from the third internal space 61 by the first measurement pump control process decreases, i.e., the pump current Ip2 decreases.
- the first measurement pump control process is performed when water is present in the measurement gas, at least a portion of the water is decomposed around the first measurement electrode 44 in the third internal space 61 by the voltage Vp2 of the variable power supply 46 to generate hydrogen (H 2 ) and oxygen (O 2 ).
- the amount of oxygen pumped out of the third internal space 61 by the first measurement pump control process increases, that is, the pump current Ip2 increases.
- the pump current Ip2 decreases due to hydrogen generated from water around the auxiliary pump electrode 51, and the pump current Ip2 increases due to oxygen generated from water around the first measurement electrode 44, so the sum of these decreases and increases in the pump current Ip2 that are not caused by NOx in the measurement gas appears as the offset current Ip2offset.
- the higher the target value V2* i.e., the lower the target value of the oxygen concentration in the third internal space 61, the more likely it is that the voltage Vp2 will become a high value due to the first measurement pump control process, and therefore the more oxygen will be produced by the decomposition of water around the first measurement electrode 44 due to the voltage Vp2, and the greater the increase in the pump current Ip2.
- the higher the water concentration in the measured gas the more oxygen will be produced by the decomposition of water around the first measurement electrode 44, and therefore the increase in the pump current Ip2 according to the change in the target value V2*, i.e., the slope of the change in the pump current Ip2 relative to the change in the target value V2*, becomes steeper. In other words, the absolute value of the slope becomes larger. For these reasons, it is believed that the relationships shown in Figures 5 and 6 appear.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of a control routine executed by the control unit 96.
- the control unit 96 stores this routine, for example, in the memory unit 98.
- the control unit 96 starts this control routine when a start command is input from, for example, an engine ECU (not shown).
- the CPU 97 of the control unit 96 first starts the heater control process described above (step S100).
- the CPU 97 starts the adjustment pump control process, the first measurement pump control process, and the second measurement pump control process described above (step S110).
- the values of the target value V1* and the target value V2* are values that are stored in advance in the memory unit 98 as values to be used when measuring the NOx concentration.
- the CPU 97 determines whether it is the concentration derivation timing to derive the concentration of a specific gas in the measured gas (step S120). The CPU 97 determines that it is the concentration derivation timing, for example, every time a predetermined time has elapsed or when a concentration derivation command is input from the engine ECU.
- the CPU 97 When it is determined in step S120 that it is the timing to derive the concentration, the CPU 97 first performs an oxygen concentration detection process to derive the oxygen concentration based on the pump current Ip0 (step S125). In the adjustment pump control process (particularly the main pump control process here), the CPU 97 controls the main pump cell 21 so that the voltage V0 becomes the target value V0* (i.e., so that the oxygen concentration in the first internal space 20 becomes the target concentration), so that the oxygen concentration in the measured gas can be derived based on the pump current Ip0 as described above. In this embodiment, a relational expression or map expressing the correspondence between the pump current Ip0 and the oxygen concentration is determined by experiment and stored in the memory unit 98 in advance. In step S125, the CPU 97 calculates the oxygen concentration in the measured gas based on the current pump current Ip0 and the correspondence stored in the memory unit 98.
- the CPU 97 performs a water concentration detection process to detect the water concentration in the measured gas based on the change in the pump current Ip2 flowing during the execution of the adjustment pump control process and the first measurement pump control process when at least one of the target values V1* and V2* is changed (steps S130, S140).
- the CPU 97 changes the target value V1* in the water concentration detection process, but does not change the target value V2*.
- the CPU 97 first calculates the slope G of the change in the pump current Ip2 when the target value V1* is changed (step S130).
- the CPU 97 first measures the current pump current Ip2 and obtains it as the value of the pump current Ip2 in the state before the change in the target value V1*.
- the CPU 97 changes the target value V1*, waits until the value of the pump current Ip2 stabilizes, measures the pump current Ip2 after it stabilizes, and obtains it as the value of the pump current Ip2 in the state after the change.
- the gradient G is derived by dividing the difference between the pump current Ip2 values before and after the change by the difference between the target value V1* before and after the change.
- the gradient G derived in step S130 corresponds to the gradient of the straight line shown in FIG. 3 and the value on the vertical axis in FIG. 4.
- the CPU 97 calculates the water concentration in the measurement gas based on the derived gradient G and the correspondence relationship stored in the storage unit 98 (the correspondence relationship between the gradient of the change in the pump current Ip2 when the target value V1* is changed and the water concentration in the measurement gas, as described above) (step S140).
- the absolute value of the target value V1* may be changed in a direction to increase or decrease. However, it is preferable that both values before and after the change are equal to or less than the absolute value of the target value V1* set for measuring the NOx concentration.
- the target value V1* before the change is the same value as the target value V1* set for measuring the NOx concentration, it is preferable to change the absolute value of the target value V1* in a direction to decrease it. This prevents the voltage Vp1 from becoming too high, which would cause decomposition of NOx around the auxiliary pump electrode 51, thereby preventing a decrease in the accuracy of measuring the NOx concentration.
- the CPU 97 After deriving the water concentration in step S140, the CPU 97 returns the target value V1* to the value before the change. That is, the target value V1* is returned to the value set for measuring the NOx concentration (step S150).
- the CPU 97 acquires the pump current Ip2 flowing by the first measurement pump control process (step S160), and derives the NOx concentration in the measured gas based on the acquired pump current Ip2 and the correspondence relationship (the correspondence relationship between the pump current Ip2 and the NOx concentration described above) stored in the memory unit 98 (step S170). Then, the CPU 97 corrects the NOx concentration derived in step S170 based on the water concentration derived in step S140, and derives the corrected NOx concentration (step S180). As shown in FIG.
- the offset current Ip2offset of the pump current Ip2 changes depending on the water concentration in the measured gas. Therefore, even if the NOx concentration in the measured gas is the same, the pump current Ip2 may change depending on the water concentration in the measured gas, and an error may occur in the derived NOx concentration. Therefore, in this embodiment, the CPU 97 corrects the NOx concentration based on the pump current Ip2 based on the detected water concentration. For example, in FIG. 3, when the target value V1* is 350 mV, the offset current Ip2offset when the water concentration is 3% is larger than the offset current Ip2offset when the water concentration is 15% by 3 ppm in NOx concentration conversion.
- the correspondence relationship between the pump current Ip2 and the NOx concentration stored in advance in the memory unit 98 is a relationship calculated using a measured gas with a water concentration of 3%
- the derived NOx concentration is calculated as a value 3 ppm larger than the actual concentration. Therefore, when the water concentration derived in step S140 is 15%, the CPU 97 derives a value obtained by subtracting 3 ppm as a correction amount from the NOx concentration [ppm] derived in step S170 as the corrected NOx concentration. In this way, the change in the offset current Ip2offset due to the difference in water concentration can be offset, and the corrected NOx concentration becomes closer to the actual concentration.
- step S180 the CPU 97 derives the correction amount based on the water concentration and this correspondence, and calculates the corrected NOx concentration.
- the correspondence relationship between the water concentration, the NOx concentration based on the pump current Ip2 and the corrected NOx concentration may be stored in the storage unit 98, and the corrected NOx concentration may be derived based on this correspondence.
- the CPU 97 may also correct the pump current Ip2 derived in step S170 based on the water concentration, and derive the NOx concentration based on the corrected pump current Ip2. These methods also qualify as correcting the NOx concentration based on the water concentration.
- the CPU 97 After deriving the NOx concentration in step S180, the CPU 97 performs a carbon dioxide concentration detection process to detect the carbon dioxide concentration in the measured gas (steps S190, S200). Specifically, the CPU 97 first acquires the pump current Ip3 flowing by the second measurement pump control process (step S190), and derives the carbon dioxide concentration in the measured gas based on the acquired pump current Ip3 and the water concentration derived in step S140 (step S200). Here, the CPU 97 controls the second measurement pump cell 66 so that the voltage V3 becomes the target value V3* in the second measurement pump control process (i.e., so that the oxygen concentration in the fourth internal space 63 becomes the target concentration) as described above.
- the pump current Ip3 flowing through the second measurement pump cell 66 is correlated with the amount of oxygen generated in the fourth internal space 63 due to carbon dioxide.
- the pump current Ip3 flowing by the second measurement pump control process is a value based on the carbon dioxide concentration and the water concentration. Therefore, in this embodiment, the CPU 97 derives the carbon dioxide concentration based on the pump current Ip3 and the water concentration. For example, there is a linear correlation between the pump current Ip3 and the total value Cs [%] of the water concentration and the carbon dioxide concentration in the measurement gas, as shown in FIG. 8.
- a relational expression or a map expressing the correspondence between the pump current Ip3 and the total value Cs is obtained by experiment and stored in the storage unit 98 in advance.
- the CPU 97 calculates the total value Cs based on the current pump current Ip3 and this correspondence stored in the storage unit 98, and derives the value obtained by subtracting the water concentration derived in step S140 from the calculated total value Cs as the carbon dioxide concentration in the measurement gas.
- the pump current Ip3 is affected by both the water concentration and the carbon dioxide concentration, but the inventors have found that the change in the pump current Ip2 when at least one of the target values V1* and V2* is changed correlates with the water concentration in the measured gas, and have newly discovered that this can be used to accurately derive the carbon dioxide concentration from the pump current Ip3.
- the NOx in the measured gas is almost entirely reduced in the third internal space 61 upstream of the fourth internal space 63, and almost all of the oxygen produced by the reduction is pumped out by the first measuring pump cell 41, so the NOx concentration in the measured gas has almost no effect on the pump current Ip3.
- the total value Cs can also be said to be the "carbon dioxide concentration based on the pump current Ip3 when the water concentration is assumed to be 0%.” Therefore, the process of step S200 of subtracting the water concentration from the total value Cs derived based on the pump current Ip3 can also be said to be a process of correcting the carbon dioxide concentration derived based on the pump current Ip3 with the water concentration derived in step S140.
- step S200 the CPU 97 executes the process from S120 onwards. As described above, the CPU 97 executes the control routine to repeatedly measure the NOx concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, water concentration, and oxygen concentration in the measured gas. The CPU 97 outputs the measured concentration values to the engine ECU and stores them in the memory unit 98.
- a laminate in which six layers, namely the first substrate layer 1, the second substrate layer 2, the third substrate layer 3, the first solid electrolyte layer 4, the spacer layer 5, and the second solid electrolyte layer 6, are stacked in this order in this embodiment corresponds to the element body of the present invention
- the third internal space 61 corresponds to the first measurement chamber
- the first measurement electrode 44 corresponds to the first inner measurement electrode
- the fourth internal space 63 corresponds to the second measurement chamber
- the second measurement electrode 67 corresponds to the second inner measurement electrode
- the pump electrode 51 corresponds to the inner adjustment electrode
- the voltage V1 corresponds to the adjustment voltage
- the target value V1* corresponds to the adjustment voltage target value
- the voltage V2 corresponds to the first measurement voltage
- the target value V2* corresponds to the first measurement voltage target value
- the pump current Ip2 corresponds to the first measurement pump current
- the voltage V3 corresponds to the second measurement voltage
- the control device 95 detects the NOx concentration in the measured gas based on the pump current Ip2 flowing through the first measurement pump cell 41 by the first measurement pump control process.
- the control device 95 also detects the carbon dioxide concentration in the measured gas based on the pump current Ip3 flowing through the second measurement pump cell 66 by the second measurement pump control process and the water concentration in the measured gas (a value based on the change in the pump current Ip2 flowing during the adjustment pump control process and the first measurement pump control process when at least one of the target value V1* and the target value V2* is changed). Therefore, the gas sensor 100 of this embodiment can detect the NOx concentration and the carbon dioxide concentration in the measured gas.
- the control device 95 also detects the water concentration in the measured gas based on changes in the pump current Ip2 that flows during the execution of the adjustment pump control process and the first measurement pump control process when at least one of the target values V1* and V2* is changed. Therefore, the gas sensor 100 can detect the water concentration in addition to the NOx concentration and carbon dioxide concentration in the measured gas. Furthermore, the control device 95 derives the sum of the carbon dioxide concentration and water concentration in the measured gas based on the pump current Ip3, and detects the carbon dioxide concentration in the measured gas by subtracting the water concentration detected in step S140 from the derived sum. This allows the control device 95 to detect the carbon dioxide concentration using a relatively simple method.
- the control device 95 detects the oxygen concentration in the measured gas based on the pump current Ip0 that flows due to the main pump control process, which is part of the adjustment pump control process. Therefore, the gas sensor 100 can detect the oxygen concentration in addition to the NOx concentration and carbon dioxide concentration in the measured gas.
- step S130 of the control routine in FIG. 7 the CPU 97 derives the water concentration based on the slope G of the change in the pump current Ip2 when the target value V1* is changed.
- the water concentration may be derived based on the change in the pump current Ip2 when the target value V1* is changed, not limited to the slope G.
- the water concentration may be derived based on the amount or rate of change of the pump current Ip2 before and after the change in the target value V1*.
- the correspondence between the amount or rate of change of the pump current Ip2 and the water concentration may be stored in advance in the memory unit 98.
- step S130 of the control routine in FIG. 7 the CPU 97 derives the water concentration based on the gradient G of the change in the pump current Ip2 when the target value V1* is changed.
- the water concentration may be derived based on the change in the pump current Ip2 when the target value V2* is changed.
- the CPU 97 may derive the gradient of the change in the pump current Ip2 when the target value V2* is changed without changing the target value V1* (corresponding to the gradient of the straight line shown in FIG. 5 and the value on the vertical axis in FIG. 6), and derive the water concentration based on the derived gradient.
- the correspondence between the gradient of the change in the pump current Ip2 when the target value V2* is changed and the water concentration may be stored in advance in the memory unit 98.
- the absolute value of the target value V2* may be changed in a direction to increase or decrease.
- both the values before and after the change are equal to or greater than the value of the target value V2* set for measuring the NOx concentration.
- the target value V2* before the change is the same as the target value V2* set for measuring the NOx concentration, it is preferable to change the absolute value of the target value V2* in a direction to increase it. This prevents the voltage Vp2 from becoming too low and the pump current Ip2 from becoming the limiting current, thereby preventing a decrease in the accuracy of measuring the NOx concentration.
- the CPU 97 may derive the water concentration based on the pump current Ip2 when both the target value V1* and the target value V2* are changed.
- the direction of change in the pump current Ip2 due to the change in the target value V1* and the direction of change in the pump current Ip2 due to the change in the target value V2* are the same. For example, if the absolute value of the target value V1* is changed to a smaller value and the absolute value of the target value V2* is changed to a larger value, both of these changes act in the direction of increasing the pump current Ip2.
- both of these changes act in the direction of decreasing the pump current Ip2. If the target value V1* and the target value V2* are changed by any of these methods, even if the amount of change in each of the target value V1* and the target value V2* is small, the change in the pump current Ip2 due to water in the measured gas will be relatively large. Therefore, it is easy to detect the water concentration based on the change in the pump current Ip2.
- the amount or rate of change of the pump current Ip2 is calculated instead of the slope of the pump current Ip2, and the water concentration can be derived based on this amount or rate of change.
- the CPU 97 derives the carbon dioxide concentration based on the water concentration and the pump current Ip3 derived in S140, but this is not limited thereto. Even if the CPU 97 does not derive the water concentration itself, it can derive the carbon dioxide concentration based on the change in the pump current Ip2 flowing during the execution of the adjustment pump control process and the first measurement pump control process when at least one of the target value V1* and the target value V2* is changed, and on the pump current Ip3. For example, as a value representing the change in the pump current Ip2, the slope G derived in step S130 may be used, or the amount of change or rate of change of the pump current Ip2 may be used.
- the correspondence relationship between the slope G, the pump current Ip3, and the carbon dioxide concentration may be obtained in advance by experiment and stored in the memory unit 98.
- the pump current Ip3 is a value A and the absolute value of the slope G is a value G1
- the derived carbon dioxide concentration is a value B.
- the correspondence relationship stored in the storage unit 98 may include a relationship of many straight lines in which the absolute value of the slope G is finely varied.
- the CPU 97 may derive the carbon dioxide concentration while appropriately performing an interpolation such as a linear interpolation based on the correspondence relationship in FIG. 9. Instead of the correspondence relationship shown in FIG.
- a first correspondence relationship which is a correspondence relationship between the pump current Ip3 and the carbon dioxide concentration when the water concentration is assumed to be a predetermined value (for example, 0%)
- a second correspondence relationship which is a correspondence relationship between the slope G and the correction amount of the carbon dioxide concentration
- the CPU 97 may derive the corrected carbon dioxide concentration by correcting the carbon dioxide concentration derived based on the pump current Ip3 and the first correspondence relationship with a correction amount derived based on the slope G and the second correspondence relationship (e.g., by subtracting the correction amount from the carbon dioxide concentration).
- the second correspondence relationship may be a correspondence relationship between the slope G and the correction amount of the pump current Ip3.
- the CPU 97 may correct the pump current Ip3 using the correction amount based on the slope G and the second correspondence relationship, and derive the carbon dioxide concentration based on the corrected pump current Ip3 and the first correspondence relationship.
- the CPU 97 detects the NOx concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, water concentration, and oxygen concentration, but it is sufficient to detect at least the NOx concentration and carbon dioxide concentration. For example, at least one of steps S125 and S140 in the control routine of FIG. 7 may be omitted. Also, the order in which the CPU 97 detects the NOx concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, water concentration, and oxygen concentration in the control routine of FIG. 7 may be reversed, or two or more types of concentration may be detected in parallel.
- the CPU 97 corrects the NOx concentration using the water concentration, but this correction need not be performed.
- the CPU 97 may also determine whether the derived water concentration is within a predetermined allowable range that is deemed not to affect the measurement accuracy of the NOx concentration, and correct the NOx concentration if it is not within the allowable range.
- the adjustment pump control process, the first measurement pump control process, and the second measurement pump control process are continuously executed after step S110, but this is not limited to the above, and at least one of these control processes may be temporarily stopped.
- the adjustment pump control process and the first measurement pump control process may be temporarily stopped, and then the target value V1* may be set to the changed value, and the adjustment pump control process and the first measurement pump control process may be resumed.
- the oxygen concentration adjustment chamber has the first internal space 20 and the second internal space 40, but is not limited to this.
- the oxygen concentration adjustment chamber may have another internal space, or one of the first internal space 20 and the second internal space 40 may be omitted.
- the adjustment pump cell has the main pump cell 21 and the auxiliary pump cell 50, but is not limited to this.
- the adjustment pump cell may have another pump cell, or one of the main pump cell 21 and the auxiliary pump cell 50 may be omitted.
- the oxygen concentration of the measured gas can be sufficiently low with only the main pump cell 21, the auxiliary pump cell 50 may be omitted.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a sensor element 201, which is an example of a sensor element that does not have an auxiliary pump cell 50.
- the sensor element 201 does not have the auxiliary pump cell 50, nor does it have the third diffusion rate-controlling section 30 or the second internal space 40. Therefore, the first internal space 20 and the fourth diffusion rate-controlling portion 60 are adjacent to each other.
- the sensor element 201 does not include the oxygen partial pressure detection sensor cell 81 for controlling the auxiliary pump.
- the control unit 96 only needs to perform the main pump control process as the adjustment pump control process.
- the setting of the target value V0* based on the pump current Ip1 described above can be omitted.
- a predetermined target value V0* is stored in the storage unit 98 in advance, and the control unit 96 controls the main pump cell 21 by feedback-controlling the voltage Vp0 of the variable power supply 24 so that the voltage V0 becomes the target value V0*.
- the voltage V0 corresponds to the adjustment voltage (the voltage V1 in the above-mentioned embodiment)
- the target value V0* corresponds to the adjustment voltage target value (the target value V1* in the above-mentioned embodiment).
- the CPU 97 can detect the water concentration or the carbon dioxide concentration in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment, based on the change in the pump current Ip2 flowing during the execution of the adjustment pump control process and the first measurement pump control process when at least one of the target values V0* and V2* is changed.
- the oxygen concentration adjustment chamber has another internal space in addition to the first internal space 20 and the second internal space 40, and the adjustment pump cell has three or more pump cells
- the target value of the voltage in the control process of the most downstream pump cell of the three or more pump cells i.e., the pump cell arranged closest to the first measurement chamber
- the current flowing by the control process of the most upstream pump cell of the three or more pump cells i.e., the pump cell arranged closest to the gas inlet 10 corresponds to the adjustment pump current.
- the inner pump electrode 22 is a cermet electrode of Pt containing 1% Au and ZrO 2 , but is not limited thereto.
- the inner pump electrode 22 may contain a catalytically active precious metal. Examples of the catalytically active precious metal include at least one of Pt, Rh, Ir, Ru, and Pd.
- the inner pump electrode 22 preferably contains Pt as a catalytically active precious metal.
- the inner pump electrode 22 preferably contains a catalytically active precious metal and Au.
- the auxiliary pump electrode 51 may also contain a catalytically active precious metal, and preferably further contains Au.
- the first measurement electrode 44 may also contain a catalytically active precious metal.
- the first measurement electrode 44 preferably contains Rh and a catalytically active precious metal other than Rh (e.g., at least one of Pt, Ir, Ru, and Pd).
- the first measurement electrode 44 more preferably contains Rh and Pt.
- the first measurement electrode 44 contains Rh, which can promote the reduction of NOx in the third internal space 61.
- the outer pump electrode 23, the reference electrode 42, and the second measurement electrode 67 may each contain a precious metal having catalytic activity as described above.
- Each of the electrodes 22, 23, 42, 44, 51, and 67 is preferably a cermet containing a precious metal and an oxide having oxygen ion conductivity (e.g., ZrO 2 ), but one or more of these electrodes may not be a cermet.
- Each of the electrodes 22, 23, 42, 44, 51, and 67 is preferably a porous body, but one or more of these electrodes may not be a porous body.
- the target value V0* and the target value V1* are preferably values of 300 mV or more and less than 400 mV. If the target value V0* and the target value V1* are each 300 mV or more, the main pump cell 21 and the auxiliary pump cell 50 can sufficiently pump out oxygen from the oxygen concentration adjustment chamber. If the target value V0* and the target value V1* are each less than 400 mV, the reduction of NOx and carbon dioxide in the oxygen concentration adjustment chamber can be suppressed.
- the target value V2* is preferably a value of 400 mV or more and 500 mV or less. If the target value V2* is 400 mV or more, the NOx around the first measurement electrode 44 can be sufficiently reduced.
- the target value V3* is preferably a value of 1000 mV or more and 1500 mV or less. If the target value V3* is 1000 mV or more, the carbon dioxide around the second measurement electrode 67 can be sufficiently reduced. If the target value V3* is 1500 mV or less, the voltage Vp3 does not become too high, and the sensor element 101 can be prevented from blackening and becoming unusable. The blackening of the sensor element 101 occurs when a high voltage is applied, causing a shortage of oxygen ions in the solid electrolyte, resulting in the emergence of electronic conduction in the solid electrolyte.
- the gas sensor 100 is preferably configured so that, when the heater 72 heats up to at least one temperature in the temperature range of 700°C to 900°C, the temperatures of the inner pump electrode 22, the auxiliary pump electrode 51, the first measurement electrode 44, and the second measurement electrode 67 are Tp, Tq, Tm1, and Tm2, respectively.
- the amount of oxygen to be pumped from the measured gas flow section is the largest in the main pump cell 21, followed by the auxiliary pump cell 50, and relatively small in the first measurement pump cell 41 and the second measurement pump cell 66. Therefore, by satisfying the above temperature relationship, the pumping capacity of the main pump cell 21 and the auxiliary pump cell 50 can be sufficiently increased.
- the temperatures Tp, Tq, Tm1, and Tm2 are all preferably 1000°C or less, since cracks in the sensor element 101 can be suppressed.
- the temperature Tp is preferably 600° C. or higher because the main pump cell 21 can sufficiently pump out oxygen.
- the temperature Tp is preferably 900° C. or lower because the reduction of NOx in the first internal space 20 can be suppressed.
- the temperature Tq is preferably 600° C. or higher because the auxiliary pump cell 50 can sufficiently pump out oxygen.
- the temperature Tq is preferably 900° C. or lower because the reduction of NOx in the second internal space 40 can be suppressed.
- the temperature Tm1 is preferably 500° C. or higher because the first measurement pump cell 41 can sufficiently pump out oxygen generated from NOx.
- the temperature Tm2 is preferably 600° C. or higher because the second measurement pump cell 66 can sufficiently pump out oxygen generated from carbon dioxide.
- the temperatures Tp, Tq, Tm1, and Tm2 can be adjusted, for example, by adjusting the shape and arrangement of the heater 72.
- the outer pump electrode 23 serves as an electrode paired with the inner pump electrode 22 in the main pump cell 21 (also referred to as the outer main pump electrode), as an electrode paired with the auxiliary pump electrode 51 in the auxiliary pump cell 50 (also referred to as the outer auxiliary pump electrode), as an electrode paired with the first measurement electrode 44 in the first measurement pump cell 41 (also referred to as the first outer measurement electrode), and as an electrode paired with the second measurement electrode 67 in the second measurement pump cell 66 (also referred to as the second outer measurement electrode), but is not limited to this. Any one or more of the outer main pump electrode, outer auxiliary pump electrode, first outer measurement electrode, and second outer measurement electrode may be provided outside the element body separately from the outer pump electrode 23 so as to be in contact with the measured gas.
- the element body of the sensor element 101 is a laminate having a plurality of solid electrolyte layers (layers 1 to 6), but this is not limited thereto.
- the element body of the sensor element 101 may include at least one solid electrolyte layer having oxygen ion conductivity.
- layers 1 to 5 other than the second solid electrolyte layer 6 may be layers made of a material other than a solid electrolyte layer (for example, a layer made of alumina).
- each electrode of the sensor element 101 may be disposed on the second solid electrolyte layer 6.
- the first measurement electrode 44 and the second measurement electrode 67 in FIG. 1 may be disposed on the lower surface of the second solid electrolyte layer 6.
- the reference gas introduction space 43 may be disposed on the spacer layer 5 instead of the first solid electrolyte layer 4, the reference gas introduction layer 48 may be disposed between the second solid electrolyte layer 6 and the spacer layer 5 instead of between the first solid electrolyte layer 4 and the third substrate layer 3, and the reference electrode 42 may be disposed behind the third internal space 61 and on the lower surface of the second solid electrolyte layer 6.
- the control unit 96 sets the target value V0* of the voltage V0 based on the pump current Ip1 (feedback control) so that the pump current Ip1 becomes the target value Ip1*, and feedback-controls the pump voltage Vp0 so that the voltage V0 becomes the target value V0*, but other control may be performed.
- the control unit 96 may feedback-control the pump voltage Vp0 based on the pump current Ip1 so that the pump current Ip1 becomes the target value Ip1*.
- control unit 96 may omit obtaining the voltage V0 from the main pump control oxygen partial pressure detection sensor cell 80 and setting the target value V0*, and directly control the pump voltage Vp0 (and thus control the pump current Ip0) based on the pump current Ip1.
- the present invention can be used in gas sensors that detect NOx and carbon dioxide concentrations in measured gases such as automobile exhaust gases.
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Abstract
Description
酸素イオン伝導性の固体電解質層を有し、被測定ガスを導入して流通させる被測定ガス流通部が内部に設けられた素子本体と、
前記被測定ガス流通部のうちの第1測定室に配設された第1内側測定電極を含んで構成され、前記第1測定室の酸素を前記素子本体の外部に汲み出す第1測定用ポンプセルと、
前記被測定ガス流通部のうちの前記第1測定室よりも下流に位置する第2測定室に配設された第2内側測定電極を含んで構成され、前記第2測定室の酸素を前記素子本体の外部に汲み出す第2測定用ポンプセルと、
前記被測定ガス流通部のうち前記第1測定室よりも上流に位置する酸素濃度調整室に配設された内側調整電極を含んで構成され、前記酸素濃度調整室の酸素濃度を調整する調整用ポンプセルと、
基準ガスと接触するように前記素子本体の内部に配設された基準電極と、
を有するセンサ素子と、
前記基準電極と前記内側調整電極との間の電圧である調整用電圧が調整用電圧目標値になるように前記調整用ポンプセルを制御して前記酸素濃度調整室の酸素濃度を調整する調整用ポンプ制御処理と、前記基準電極と前記第1内側測定電極との間の電圧である第1測定用電圧が第1測定用電圧目標値になるように前記第1測定用ポンプセルを制御して前記第1測定室の酸素を汲み出す第1測定用ポンプ制御処理と、前記基準電極と前記第2内側測定電極との間の電圧である第2測定用電圧が第2測定用電圧目標値になるように前記第2測定用ポンプセルを制御して前記第2測定室の酸素を汲み出す第2測定用ポンプ制御処理と、を行う制御装置と、
を備え、
前記制御装置は、前記第1測定室でNOxを還元したときに発生する酸素を前記第1測定用ポンプ制御処理によって汲み出したときに流れる第1測定用ポンプ電流に基づいて、前記被測定ガス中のNOx濃度を検出し、
前記制御装置は、前記第2測定室で二酸化炭素を還元したときに発生する酸素を前記第2測定用ポンプ制御処理によって汲み出したときに流れる第2測定用ポンプ電流と、前記調整用電圧目標値と前記第1測定用電圧目標値との少なくとも一方を変化させたときの前記調整用ポンプ制御処理及び前記第1測定用ポンプ制御処理の実行中に流れる前記第1測定用ポンプ電流の変化と、に基づいて前記被測定ガス中の二酸化炭素濃度を検出する、
ものである。
Claims (7)
- 酸素イオン伝導性の固体電解質層を有し、被測定ガスを導入して流通させる被測定ガス流通部が内部に設けられた素子本体と、
前記被測定ガス流通部のうちの第1測定室に配設された第1内側測定電極を含んで構成され、前記第1測定室の酸素を前記素子本体の外部に汲み出す第1測定用ポンプセルと、
前記被測定ガス流通部のうちの前記第1測定室よりも下流に位置する第2測定室に配設された第2内側測定電極を含んで構成され、前記第2測定室の酸素を前記素子本体の外部に汲み出す第2測定用ポンプセルと、
前記被測定ガス流通部のうち前記第1測定室よりも上流に位置する酸素濃度調整室に配設された内側調整電極を含んで構成され、前記酸素濃度調整室の酸素濃度を調整する調整用ポンプセルと、
基準ガスと接触するように前記素子本体の内部に配設された基準電極と、
を有するセンサ素子と、
前記基準電極と前記内側調整電極との間の電圧である調整用電圧が調整用電圧目標値になるように前記調整用ポンプセルを制御して前記酸素濃度調整室の酸素濃度を調整する調整用ポンプ制御処理と、前記基準電極と前記第1内側測定電極との間の電圧である第1測定用電圧が第1測定用電圧目標値になるように前記第1測定用ポンプセルを制御して前記第1測定室の酸素を汲み出す第1測定用ポンプ制御処理と、前記基準電極と前記第2内側測定電極との間の電圧である第2測定用電圧が第2測定用電圧目標値になるように前記第2測定用ポンプセルを制御して前記第2測定室の酸素を汲み出す第2測定用ポンプ制御処理と、を行う制御装置と、
を備え、
前記制御装置は、前記第1測定室でNOxを還元したときに発生する酸素を前記第1測定用ポンプ制御処理によって汲み出したときに流れる第1測定用ポンプ電流に基づいて、前記被測定ガス中のNOx濃度を検出し、
前記制御装置は、前記第2測定室で二酸化炭素を還元したときに発生する酸素を前記第2測定用ポンプ制御処理によって汲み出したときに流れる第2測定用ポンプ電流と、前記調整用電圧目標値と前記第1測定用電圧目標値との少なくとも一方を変化させたときの前記調整用ポンプ制御処理及び前記第1測定用ポンプ制御処理の実行中に流れる前記第1測定用ポンプ電流の変化と、に基づいて前記被測定ガス中の二酸化炭素濃度を検出する、
ガスセンサ。 - 前記制御装置は、前記第1測定用ポンプ電流の前記変化に基づいて前記被測定ガス中の水濃度を検出する、
請求項1に記載のガスセンサ。 - 前記制御装置は、前記第2測定用ポンプ電流に基づいて前記被測定ガス中の二酸化炭素濃度と水濃度との合計値を導出し、該合計値から前記検出された水濃度を差し引くことで前記被測定ガス中の二酸化炭素濃度を検出する、
請求項2に記載のガスセンサ。 - 前記制御装置は、前記調整用ポンプ制御処理によって流れる調整用ポンプ電流に基づいて、前記被測定ガス中の酸素濃度を検出する、
請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のガスセンサ。 - 前記酸素濃度調整室は、第1内部空所と、該第1内部空所よりも下流且つ前記測定室よりも上流に設けられた第2内部空所と、を有し、
前記調整用ポンプセルは、前記第1内部空所の酸素濃度を調整する主ポンプセルと、前記第2内部空所の酸素濃度を調整する補助ポンプセルと、を有し、
前記内側調整電極は、前記第1内部空所に配設され前記主ポンプセルの一部を構成する内側主ポンプ電極と、前記第2内部空所に配設され前記補助ポンプセルの一部を構成する内側補助ポンプ電極と、を有し、
前記調整用ポンプ制御処理は、前記主ポンプセルを制御して前記第1内部空所の酸素濃度を調整する主ポンプ制御処理と、前記調整用電圧が前記調整用電圧目標値になるように前記補助ポンプセルを制御する補助ポンプ制御処理と、を含む、
請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のガスセンサ。 - 前記内側調整電極は、触媒活性を有する貴金属と、Auと、を含む、
請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のガスセンサ。 - 前記第1内側測定電極は、Rhと、触媒活性を有するRh以外の貴金属と、を含む、
請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のガスセンサ。
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| CN202380068930.8A CN119998655A (zh) | 2022-10-21 | 2023-09-21 | 气体传感器 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10221303A (ja) * | 1996-12-02 | 1998-08-21 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | NOxガス濃度測定方法及びNOxガス濃度検出器 |
| JPH10267885A (ja) * | 1997-03-21 | 1998-10-09 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | ガスセンサの補正方法 |
| JP2004518150A (ja) * | 2001-02-10 | 2004-06-17 | ローベルト ボツシユ ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツング | ガスセンサー |
| JP2016014655A (ja) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-01-28 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | ガスセンサ制御装置、ガスセンサシステム及びガスセンサ素子の劣化判定方法 |
| JP2016142575A (ja) * | 2015-01-30 | 2016-08-08 | 日本碍子株式会社 | ガスセンサ |
| WO2017222001A1 (ja) * | 2016-06-23 | 2017-12-28 | 日本碍子株式会社 | ガスセンサ及び被測定ガス中の複数目的成分の濃度測定方法 |
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- 2023-09-21 CN CN202380068930.8A patent/CN119998655A/zh active Pending
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- 2023-09-21 DE DE112023003475.3T patent/DE112023003475T5/de active Pending
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10221303A (ja) * | 1996-12-02 | 1998-08-21 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | NOxガス濃度測定方法及びNOxガス濃度検出器 |
| JPH10267885A (ja) * | 1997-03-21 | 1998-10-09 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | ガスセンサの補正方法 |
| JP2004518150A (ja) * | 2001-02-10 | 2004-06-17 | ローベルト ボツシユ ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツング | ガスセンサー |
| JP2016014655A (ja) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-01-28 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | ガスセンサ制御装置、ガスセンサシステム及びガスセンサ素子の劣化判定方法 |
| JP2016142575A (ja) * | 2015-01-30 | 2016-08-08 | 日本碍子株式会社 | ガスセンサ |
| WO2017222001A1 (ja) * | 2016-06-23 | 2017-12-28 | 日本碍子株式会社 | ガスセンサ及び被測定ガス中の複数目的成分の濃度測定方法 |
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| DE112023003475T5 (de) | 2025-06-18 |
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