WO2024077719A1 - 一种变形缝伸缩装置、路面结构及其施工方法 - Google Patents

一种变形缝伸缩装置、路面结构及其施工方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024077719A1
WO2024077719A1 PCT/CN2022/133385 CN2022133385W WO2024077719A1 WO 2024077719 A1 WO2024077719 A1 WO 2024077719A1 CN 2022133385 W CN2022133385 W CN 2022133385W WO 2024077719 A1 WO2024077719 A1 WO 2024077719A1
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Prior art keywords
deformation joint
deformation
expansion
support plate
elastic
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PCT/CN2022/133385
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张辉
张志祥
潘友强
吕家伟
赵梦龙
陈支东
李庆祥
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江苏中路工程技术研究院有限公司
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Publication of WO2024077719A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024077719A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C11/00—Details of pavings
    • E01C11/02—Arrangement or construction of joints; Methods of making joints; Packing for joints
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C11/00—Details of pavings
    • E01C11/02—Arrangement or construction of joints; Methods of making joints; Packing for joints
    • E01C11/04—Arrangement or construction of joints; Methods of making joints; Packing for joints for cement concrete paving
    • E01C11/06—Methods of making joints
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C11/00—Details of pavings
    • E01C11/02—Arrangement or construction of joints; Methods of making joints; Packing for joints
    • E01C11/04—Arrangement or construction of joints; Methods of making joints; Packing for joints for cement concrete paving
    • E01C11/10—Packing of plastic or elastic materials, e.g. wood, resin

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of expansion and contraction devices, and in particular to a deformation joint expansion and contraction device, a pavement structure and a construction method thereof.
  • the pavement directly bears the vehicle load and must ensure good bearing capacity, integrity, deformation resistance and durability.
  • the typical diseases of pavement focus on the reflective cracks at the deformation joints. Therefore, how to design the expansion device at the reflective cracks has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently.
  • the inventors found that although the above filling material alleviated the problem of cracks in the pavement structure to a certain extent, the overall deformation resistance of the above filling material was still insufficient on roads with heavy traffic and heavy load.
  • the present invention provides a deformation joint expansion and contraction device, a pavement structure and a construction method thereof, and adopts structural improvement of the expansion and contraction device to increase the overall service life of the deformation joint.
  • a deformation joint expansion and contraction device which is installed in a notch above the deformation joint, and comprises:
  • a displacement support plate wherein the displacement support plate is arranged above the deformation joint, and the displacement support plate is fixedly arranged on one of the two sides of the deformation joint;
  • the elastic support assembly includes a fixing seat fixed on both sides of the displacement support plate and a rigid telescopic member connected to the two fixing seats, wherein the rigid telescopic member is suspended and fixed above the deformation joint and has elasticity along the connecting line direction of the two fixing seats;
  • An elastic body is filled in the notch above the deformation joint and immerses the elastic support assembly
  • the two sides of the elastic body are connected to the side walls of the notch above the deformation joint, and when the deformation joint is expanded and contracted, the elastic support component provides deformation buffering force.
  • both sides of the elastomer are coated with sealant.
  • the outer side of the sealant is coated with an epoxy resin interface agent.
  • the displacement support plate is a steel plate, and a rubber isolation layer is laid on the displacement support plate, and the elastomer can be relatively slidably arranged on the displacement support plate along with the rubber isolation layer.
  • the rigid telescopic member is arranged in a linear shape, and includes an internal sliding rod, a sliding sleeve sleeved on the internal sliding rod, and a first spring sleeved between the internal sliding rod and the sliding sleeve.
  • the rigid telescopic member further includes a second spring sleeved outside the sliding sleeve.
  • the rigid telescopic member is arranged in an arch shape, including an arch tube, the arch tube includes an arch segment and straight segments at both ends, and the rigid telescopic member also includes an inner rod sleeved on the two straight segments and a third spring sleeved between the inner rod and the arch tube.
  • a fourth spring is further sleeved on the outside of the arched tube.
  • the elastomer is a high-elastic asphalt mixture.
  • the high elastic asphalt mixture is composed of polymer modified asphalt and single particle size basalt aggregate, and the mass ratio thereof is (30-40):100;
  • the polymer modified asphalt comprises the following components: 100 parts of base asphalt, 15 to 25 parts of nano rubber powder of 80 to 250 nm, 10 to 15 parts of rubber particles of 0.5 to 1 cm, 2 to 5 parts of activator, 1 to 2.5 parts of epoxy adhesive, 0.5 to 1.2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fiber, and 6 to 10 parts of composite synergist;
  • the single-size basalt aggregate has a particle size of 5 to 10 mm, 10 to 15 mm, or 15 to 20 mm.
  • a pavement structure comprising: a structural base plate, a base layer, a lower layer and a surface layer, wherein:
  • the base layer is laid on the structural bottom plate, and the base layer and the structural bottom plate have a deformation joint separating the two in the vertical direction;
  • the lower layer is laid on the base layer, and a notch is provided in the base layer above the deformation joint, and the deformation joint expansion and contraction device described in any one of the first aspects is fixed in the notch;
  • the surface layer is laid on the underlying layer.
  • the deformation joint is further filled with a caulking strip, and the caulking strip is a foam strip.
  • An elastic support component is fixed in the notch across the deformation joint, and at least two elastic components are arranged in parallel and spaced apart along the width direction of the road surface;
  • the surface layer is laid on top of the underlying layer.
  • the present invention improves the overall support strength of the elastomer compared with the prior art by arranging a single-sided fixed displacement support plate above the deformation joint, and by burying an elastic support component in the elastomer, and by arranging a rigid telescopic part in the elastic support component, and provides a buffering force through the rigid telescopic part when the elastomer is deformed, thereby increasing the overall service life of the elastomer.
  • FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a deformation joint expansion and contraction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of an elastic support member according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of another elastic support member in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pavement structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing the steps of the pavement structure construction method in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the expansion joint expansion device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is installed in the slot above the expansion joint.
  • the device includes a displacement support plate 10, an elastic support assembly 20 and an elastic body 30, wherein:
  • the displacement support plate 10 is arranged above the deformation joint, and the displacement support plate 10 is fixedly arranged on one of the two sides of the deformation joint; it should be pointed out here that in some embodiments of the present invention, the material of the displacement support plate 10 has various forms, such as steel plates or stainless steel alloy plates; there are various ways to fix the displacement support plate 10. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 , expansion screws are used for fixing, and one of the sides here refers to fixing on the left or right side of the deformation joint as shown in FIG.
  • the elastic support component 20 includes a fixing seat 21 fixed on both sides of the displacement support plate 10 and a rigid telescopic member 22 connected to the two fixing seats 21.
  • the rigid telescopic member is suspended and fixed above the deformation joint and has elasticity along the connecting line direction of the two fixing seats 21; the elastic body 30 is filled in the notch above the deformation joint and immerses the elastic support component 20;
  • the elastomer 30 is a high-elastic asphalt mixture, which specifically has a variety of mixing ratios, and some embodiments of the present invention will be introduced below; by setting the high-elastic asphalt mixture, the deformation of the deformation joint can be adapted, and the elastomer 30 is stretched when the expansion joint becomes larger and compressed when the expansion joint becomes smaller, and no obvious deformation occurs in the height direction, that is, no concave when stretched and convex when compressed; in the embodiment of the present invention, by setting the elastomer 30, the deformation
  • the fixing seat 21 may be an angle steel, which is fixed by an expansion screw; it is understandable that in other embodiments of the present invention, the fixing seat 21 also has a variety of structural forms and fixing forms, such as fixing by direct pre-embedding or fixing by transverse plugging; those skilled in the art may choose according to actual needs; the specific structure of the rigid telescopic member 22 may be a connecting rod connected by a spring as shown in FIG.
  • the elastomer 30 may be a structural form with certain rigidity and deformable recovery in other forms such as a spring, a cylinder, etc.; by introducing the structural form of an elastic support member into the elastomer 30, the anti-deformation performance of the elastomer 30 is improved;
  • both sides of the elastic body 30 are connected to the side walls of the notch above the deformation joint, and when the deformation joint is stretched and deformed, the elastic support assembly 20 provides deformation buffering force.
  • the buffering force here refers to the reverse force provided by the elastic support assembly 20 when the elastic body 30 is deformed.
  • the elastic body 30 when the elastic body 30 is stretched due to the enlargement of the deformation joint, the elastic body 30 provides an inward pulling force, thereby preventing the elastic body 30 from deforming too much, and vice versa; in this way, by introducing the structural form of the elastic support member into the elastic body 30, the anti-deformation performance of the elastic body 30 in the horizontal and vertical directions is improved, thereby improving the overall reliability of use.
  • the overall support strength of the elastomer 30 is improved compared with the prior art by providing the rigid telescopic member 22 in the elastic support assembly 20, and when the elastomer 30 is deformed, a buffering force is provided by the rigid telescopic member 22, thereby improving the overall service life of the elastomer 30.
  • sealant 31 is coated on both sides of the elastic body 30.
  • the function of the sealant 31 is to improve the waterproof performance of the telescopic device. By setting the sealant 31, the intrusion of moisture is prevented, and the durability of the product is improved.
  • the outer side of the sealant 31 is coated with an epoxy resin interface agent 32.
  • the epoxy resin interface agent 32 is used to connect the elastomer 30 with the two side walls of the notch; it can be understood that bonding through the interface agent is only one implementation method in the embodiment of the present invention, and other structural forms will be introduced below.
  • the displacement support plate 10 is a steel plate. Specifically, the width of the steel plate is not less than 25% of the width of the notch, and the thickness of the steel plate is set at 4-6 mm. Since one side of the displacement support plate 10 is fixed, when the deformation joint is deformed, the displacement steel plate will have a certain relative displacement relative to the elastic body 30. In order to reduce the damage to the elastic body 30 caused by the relative displacement between the elastic body 30 and the steel plate, in the embodiment of the present invention, please continue to refer to FIG. 1, a rubber isolation layer is laid on the displacement support plate 10, and the elastic body 30 can be relatively slidably arranged on the displacement support plate 10 with the rubber isolation layer. When laying, the rubber isolation layer is directly laid on the steel plate.
  • the elastic body 30 When the elastic body 30 is stretched or compressed, it can move on the steel plate with the rubber isolation layer to reduce the constraints, which is equivalent to laying a protective layer for the elastic body 30, reducing the friction and constraints between the elastic body 30 and the steel plate, and reducing the damage to the elastic body 30.
  • the rubber isolation layer is made of EPDM rubber, with a thickness of 2 mm, and both sides are 20 mm longer than the displacement support plate 10.
  • the rigid telescopic member 22 is arranged in a linear shape, including an internal slide bar 22a, a sleeve 22b sleeved on the internal slide bar 22a, and a first spring 22c sleeved between the internal slide bar 22a and the sleeve 22b.
  • the length of the internal slide bar 22a is less than the length of the sleeve 22b, and the length of the first spring 22c is greater than the length of the internal slide bar 22a, so that when the internal slide bar 22a moves toward the inside of the sleeve 22b, the first spring 22c is compressed to generate a reverse elastic force; in this form, a constraint is provided in the horizontal direction;
  • the rigid telescopic member 22 also includes a second spring 22d sleeved on the outside of the sliding sleeve 22b. Since the second spring 22d is sleeved on the sliding sleeve 22b, the remaining part of the second spring 22d is bonded and solidified with the elastic body 30 when the elastic body 30 is cast, so that the second spring 22d also limits the deformation of the elastic body 30 in the vertical direction. When the elastic body 30 is stretched or compressed, due to the constraints of the second spring 22d and the sliding sleeve 22b, it is prevented from being arched or concave.
  • the structural form of the rigid telescopic member 22 is deformed.
  • the rigid telescopic member 22 is arranged in an arch shape, including an arch tube 22e, and the arch tube 22e includes an arch segment 22e1 and straight segments 22e2 at both ends.
  • the rigid telescopic member 22 also includes an inner rod 22f sleeved on the two straight segments 22e2, and a third spring 22g sleeved between the inner rod 22f and the arch tube 22e.
  • the rigid telescopic member 22 By setting the rigid telescopic member 22 as an arch structure, it can play a supporting role in the vertical direction, preventing the rigid telescopic member 22 from being concave when subjected to a large load, thereby affecting its telescopic performance; as shown in FIG3, the straight segments 22e2 at both ends of some embodiments of the present invention are arranged in an inclined manner. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the straight segment 22e2 can also be set to a horizontal mode. In the embodiments of the present invention, the arch structure is used to achieve a higher strength of support, thereby improving the reliability of the use of the rigid telescopic member 22.
  • the outer part of the arch tube 22e is also sleeved with a fourth spring 22h.
  • the function of the fourth spring 22h is the same as that of the second spring 22d, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the elastomer 30 is a high-elastic asphalt mixture.
  • the high-elastic asphalt mixture is composed of polymer-modified asphalt and single-size basalt aggregate, and the mass ratio is (30-40):100; those skilled in the art can adjust the mass ratio according to technical requirements;
  • the polymer modified asphalt includes the following components: 100 parts of base asphalt, 15 to 25 parts of nano rubber powder of 80 to 250 nm, 10 to 15 parts of rubber particles of 0.5 to 1 cm, 2 to 5 parts of activator, 1 to 2.5 parts of epoxy adhesive, 0.5 to 1.2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fiber, and 6 to 10 parts of composite synergist;
  • the single-size basalt aggregate has a particle size of 5 to 10 mm, 10 to 15 mm, or 15 to 20 mm.
  • one implementation method of the ratio of polymer modified asphalt is as follows: Calculated by weight, the polymer modified asphalt includes the following components: 100 parts of base asphalt, 15-25 parts of nano rubber powder of 80-250nm, 10-15 parts of rubber particles of 0.5-1cm, 2-5 parts of activator, 1-2.5 parts of epoxy adhesive, 0.5-1.2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fiber and 6-10 parts of composite synergist.
  • the specific technical indicators in the following table are met after testing:
  • the expansion joint expansion device in the embodiment of the present invention has good traffic bearing capacity and excellent anti-deformation ability through the arrangement of the above-mentioned structural form. It can effectively absorb the horizontal and vertical deformation caused by the expansion and contraction of the concrete slab and the vehicle load, and greatly reduce the probability of reflective cracks in the pavement structure.
  • a pavement structure as shown in FIG. 4 comprising: a structural base plate 100, a base layer 200, a lower layer 300 and a surface layer 400, wherein: the base layer 200 is laid on the structural base plate 100, and the base layer 200 and the structural base plate 100 have a deformation joint 101 separating the two in the vertical direction; the lower layer 300 is laid on the base layer 200, and a notch 301 is provided in the base layer 200 above the deformation joint 101, and the above-mentioned deformation joint 101 expansion and contraction device is fixed in the notch 301; the surface layer 400 is laid on the lower layer 300.
  • the surface layer 400 is provided to avoid direct contact between the elastic body 30 and the vehicle, thereby extending the service life of the tunnel deformation joint 101 pavement, and at the same time, the surface layer 400 is uniformly cast and paved, thereby improving the integrity and comfort of the pavement.
  • the surface layer 400 is made of warm-mix flame-retardant asphalt concrete with a thickness of 40 to 45 mm;
  • the lower layer 300 is made of warm-mix asphalt concrete with a thickness of 60 to 65 mm; the base layer 200 is made of ultra-tough cement-based composite material with a thickness of 200 to 250 mm.
  • connection method between the elastic body 30 and the notch 301 in the deformation expansion joint can be bonded by the epoxy resin interface agent 32 mentioned above.
  • the coating amount of the epoxy resin interface agent 32 is of course, it should be pointed out here that the connection method between the elastomer 30 and the slot 301 also has other structural forms.
  • embedded parts or step forms can be used, or the structure of the slot 301 can be improved, and the two ends of the elastomer 30 can be set to an inverted concave shape, which can be cast and plugged into the road surfaces on both sides to improve the reliability of the connection.
  • the deformation joint 101 is further filled with a caulking strip 201, which is a foam strip.
  • a caulking strip 201 can effectively protect the deformation joint 101, and the foam strip is a compressible foam strip with a high temperature resistance of not less than 220 degrees Celsius.
  • the steel member is introduced at the deformation joint 101 to strengthen the integrity of the flexible deformation pavement with the tunnel main structure and the asphalt pavement on both sides, and the resistance to horizontal and vertical deformation is improved;
  • the epoxy resin interface agent 32 is arranged on the surface of the notch 301 to strengthen the bonding performance of the flexible deformation pavement with the tunnel main structure and the asphalt pavement contact surface on both sides;
  • the elastomer 30 in the notch 301 adopts a high-elastic asphalt mixture with large deformation, and the expansion and contraction deformation of the concrete slab is absorbed by the high-elastic asphalt mixture.
  • the single-size aggregate gradually forms a void skeleton structure after being squeezed, which effectively limits the deformation of the pavement structure and can adapt to the deformation demand of ⁇ 3.5cm in the horizontal direction.
  • This deformation can meet the large deformation demand of the tunnel entrance and exit position and the structural settlement joint inside the tunnel; the base layer 200 adopts ultra-tough cement-based composite materials to replace traditional cement concrete, thereby improving the bending and tensile properties of the pavement structure, reducing the risk of expansion joints in the deformation joint 101, and effectively preventing the invasion of harmful substances from the outside, meeting the crack and seepage resistance requirements of the tunnel main structure.
  • a construction method of the above-mentioned pavement structure is also provided, as shown in FIG5 , comprising the following steps:
  • the total thickness of the pavement structure is 350 mm;
  • the elastic support assembly 20 is fixed in the notch 301 across the deformation joint 101, and at least two elastic assemblies are arranged in parallel and spaced apart in the width direction of the road surface; in some embodiments of the present invention, angle steel is used for fixing, and the angle steel is arranged on both sides of the bottom surface of the notch 301, 20 mm away from both sides of the lower layer 300, and the angle steel size is 35 mm ⁇ 50 mm ⁇ 7 mm Q235 angle steel, and then the spring telescopic rod is installed, that is, the rigid telescopic member 22 in the embodiment of the present invention;
  • the surface layer 400 is laid on the lower layer 300.
  • the surface layer 400 is laid uniformly to avoid contact between the vehicle and the elastic body 30, extend the service life of the expansion joint 101 expansion device, and improve driving comfort.

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Abstract

本发明涉及伸缩装置技术领域，尤其涉及一种变形缝伸缩装置、路面结构及其施工方法，该装置安装于变形缝上方的槽口内，该装置包括：位移支板，位移支板设置在变形缝上方，且位移支板在变形缝两侧的其中一侧固定设置；弹性支撑组件，包括固定在位移支板两侧的固定座以及与两固定座连接的刚性伸缩件，刚性伸缩悬空固定在变形缝上方，且沿两固定座的连线方向具有弹性；弹性体，填充在变形缝上方槽口内，且将弹性支撑组件浸没；其中，弹性体两侧与变形缝上方槽口的侧壁连接，在变形缝伸缩变形时，弹性支撑组件提供变形缓冲力。本发明通过引入钢构件至弹性体中，加强了变形伸缩装置的整体结构强度；有利于提高路面铺装的整体性和行车舒适性。

Description

一种变形缝伸缩装置、路面结构及其施工方法 技术领域
本发明涉及伸缩装置技术领域，尤其涉及一种变形缝伸缩装置、路面结构及其施工方法。
背景技术
路面铺装作为道路主体结构的重要组成部分，其直接承受车辆载荷，必须保证有良好的承载能力、整体性、抗变形能力以及耐久性；目前路面铺装的典型病害聚焦于变形缝位置的反射裂缝，因此，如何设计反射裂缝处的伸缩装置成为了目前亟待解决的问题。
现有技术中，如公告号为CN211312061U的中国实用新型专利于2020年08月21日公开的《一种路面伸缩缝结构以及修补路面伸缩缝的工具》，其通过在伸缩缝内灌设灌封胶、在伸缩缝上方铺设改性热沥青层、聚酯纤维布层和沥青混合料的方式，来降低反射裂缝的出现；
发明人在实施上述方案时发现，上述填充料虽然在一定程度上缓解了铺装结构裂缝问题，但在车流量大、载重量大的路面，上述填充材料整体的抗变形能力依然存在不足。
发明内容
鉴于以上技术问题中的至少一项，本发明提供了一种变形缝伸缩装置、路面结构及其施工方法，采用伸缩装置的结构改进以提高变形缝处整体的使用寿命。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供一种变形缝伸缩装置，该装置安装于变形缝上方的槽口内，该装置包括：
位移支板，所述位移支板设置在变形缝上方，且所述位移支板在变形缝两侧的其中一侧固定设置；
弹性支撑组件，包括固定在所述位移支板两侧的固定座以及与两所述固定座连接的刚性伸缩件，所述刚性伸缩悬空固定在变形缝上方，且沿两所述固定座的连线方向具有弹性；
弹性体，填充在变形缝上方槽口内，且将所述弹性支撑组件浸没；
其中，所述弹性体两侧与变形缝上方槽口的侧壁连接，在变形缝伸缩变形时，所述弹性支撑组件提供变形缓冲力。
在一些实施例中，所述弹性体两侧涂布有密封胶。
在一些实施例中，所述密封胶外侧涂布有环氧树脂界面剂。
在一些实施例中，所述位移支板为钢板，且所述位移支板上铺设有橡胶隔离层，所述弹性体随所述橡胶隔离层在所述位移支板上可相对滑动设置。
在一些实施例中，所述刚性伸缩件呈直线型布置，包括内部滑杆、套设在所述内部滑杆上的滑套、套设在所述内部滑杆与滑套之间的第一弹簧。
在一些实施例中，所述刚性伸缩件还包括套设在所述滑套外部的第二弹簧。
在一些实施例中，所述刚性伸缩件呈拱形布置，包括拱形管，所述拱形管包括拱形段和两端的直线段，所述刚性伸缩件还包括套设在两所述直线段的内杆、套设在所述内杆和拱形管之间的第三弹簧。
在一些实施例中，所述拱形管外部还套设有第四弹簧。
在一些实施例中，所述弹性体为高弹沥青混合料。
在一些实施例中，所述高弹沥青混合料由聚合物改性沥青和单一粒径玄武岩骨料组成，其质量比为(30～40)：100；
所述聚合物改性沥青包括如下组分：基质沥青100份、80～250nm的纳米级橡胶粉15～25份、0.5～1cm的橡胶颗粒10～15份、活化剂2～5份、环氧胶黏剂1～2.5份、聚乙烯醇纤维0.5～1.2份、复合增效剂6～10份；
所述单一粒径玄武岩骨料粒径为5～10mm、10～15mm、15～20mm中的一种。
根据本发明的第二方面，还提供了一种路面结构，包括：结构底板、基层、下面层和表面层，其中：
所述基层铺设在所述结构底板上，且所述基层和结构底板在竖直方向上具有将二者隔断的变形缝；
所述下面层铺设在所述基层上，且在所述变形缝上方的所述基层内具有槽口，所述槽口内固定有第一方面中任一项所述的变形缝伸缩装置；
所述表面层铺设在所述下面层上。
在一些实施例中，所述变形缝内还填充有嵌缝条，所述嵌缝条为泡沫条。
根据本发明的第三方面，还提供了一种如第二方面所述的路面结构的施工方法，包括以下步骤：
在结构底板上浇筑设定厚度的基层，并留出与结构底板对应的变形缝，等待基层达到设计强度；
在基层上浇筑下面层，待下面层达到设计强度后，在下面层开设槽口，所述槽口开设在变形缝上方，且在开设该槽口时使得底部露出所述基层表面；
将位移支板放置在变形缝上方，且单侧固定；
将弹性支撑组件横跨所述变形缝固定在所述槽口内，所述弹性组件沿路面宽度方向平行 间隔布置有至少两个；
浇筑弹性体于所述槽口内，并且所述弹性体填充满所述槽口内空间；
待弹性体达到设计强度后，在下面层上方铺设表面层。
本发明的有益效果为：本发明通过在变形缝上方设置单侧固定的位移支板，并且通过在弹性体内埋设弹性支撑组件的方式，通过弹性支撑组件中刚性伸缩件的设置，与现有技术相比提高了弹性体的整体支撑强度，并且在弹性体发生变形时通过刚性伸缩件提供缓冲力，提高了弹性体整体的使用寿命。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例中变形缝伸缩装置的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例中一种弹性支撑件的结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例中另一种弹性支撑件的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例中一种路面结构的断面示意图；
图5为本发明实施例中的路面结构施工方法步骤流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的，并不表示是唯一的实施方式。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
如图1至图2所示的变形缝伸缩装置，该装置安装于变形缝上方的槽口内，该装置包括位移支板10、弹性支撑组件20和弹性体30，其中：
如图1中所示，位移支板10设置在变形缝上方，且位移支板10在变形缝两侧的其中一侧固定设置；这里需要指出的是，在本发明一些实施例中，位移支板10的材质具有多种形式，例如钢板或者不锈钢合金板；位移支板10的固定方式具有多种，在一些实施例中如图1中所示，采用膨胀螺丝来进行固定，这里的其中一侧是指在如图1中所示变形缝的左侧或者右侧进行固定，而另一端不进行约束；通过这种方式的设置，在变形缝由于温度或者其他原因发生收缩或者扩张时，由于位移支板10的覆盖，实现变形缝空隙的保留，持续发挥其调节作用。
请继续参照图1，弹性支撑组件20包括固定在位移支板10两侧的固定座21以及与两固定座21连接的刚性伸缩件22，刚性伸缩悬空固定在变形缝上方，且沿两固定座21的连线方向具有弹性；弹性体30填充在变形缝上方槽口内，且将弹性支撑组件20浸没；这里需要指出的是，在本发明实施例中，弹性体30为高弹沥青混合料，其具体具有多种混合配比，在本发明的下文中会对其中一些实施例进行介绍；通过高弹沥青混合料的设置，达到适应变形缝的变形，并且实现在伸缩缝变大时弹性体30被拉伸、伸缩缝变小时弹性体30被压缩，而且在高度方向上不发生明显变形，即不会在拉伸时发生凹陷、压缩时发生凸起的问题；在本发明实施例中，通过弹性体30的设置，可适应水平方向±3.5cm的变形量需求；
这里还需要指出的是，在本发明一些实施例中，如图1中所示，固定座21可以是角钢，其通过膨胀螺丝进行固定；可以理解的是，在本发明的其他实施例中，固定座21还具有多种结构形式和固定形式，例如通过直接预埋的形式进行固定，或者通过横向插接的形式进行固定；本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要进行选择；刚性伸缩件22的具体结构可以是如图2中所示，通过弹簧进行连接的连杆，也可以是采用其他例如弹簧、气缸等其他形式的具有一定刚性且可变形恢复的结构形式；通过在弹性体30中引入弹性支撑件的结构形式，提升了弹性体30的抗变形性能；
具体地，在本发明一些实施例中，弹性体30两侧与变形缝上方槽口的侧壁连接，在变形缝伸缩变形时，弹性支撑组件20提供变形缓冲力。这里的缓冲力指的是在弹性体30发生变形时，弹性支撑组件20提供反向的力，例如在弹性体30由于变形缝变大而拉伸时，弹性体30提供朝内的拉力，进而阻止弹性体30发生过大的变形量，反之同理；这样，通过在弹性体30内引入弹性支撑件的结构形式，提升了弹性体30在水平方向以及竖直方向上的抗变形性能，从而提高了整体的使用可靠性。
在上述实施例中，通过在变形缝上方设置单侧固定的位移支板10，并且通过在弹性体30内埋设弹性支撑组件20的方式，通过弹性支撑组件20中刚性伸缩件22的设置，与现有 技术相比提高了弹性体30的整体支撑强度，并且在弹性体30发生变形时通过刚性伸缩件22提供缓冲力，提高了弹性体30整体的使用寿命。
在上述实施例的基础上，请继续参照图1，在本发明实施例中，弹性体30两侧涂布有密封胶31。密封胶31的作用在于提升伸缩装置的防水性能，通过密封胶31的设置，阻止水分的侵入，提高产品的使用耐久性。
请继续参照图1，密封胶31外侧涂布有环氧树脂界面剂32。这里需要指出的是在本发明实施例中，环氧树脂界面剂32的作用在于将弹性体30与槽口的两侧壁进行连接；可以理解的是，通过界面剂进行粘接仅为本发明实施例中的一种实现方式，下文中将对其他的结构形式进行介绍。
在本发明实施例中，位移支板10为钢板，具体的，钢板的宽度不小于槽口宽度的25％，钢板的厚度设置在4～6mm，由于位移支板10的一侧固定，在变形缝产生形变时，位移钢板相对于弹性体30会发生一定的相对位移，为了减少弹性体30与钢板之间的相对位移对弹性体30的损伤，在本发明实施例中，请继续参照图1，位移支板10上铺设有橡胶隔离层，弹性体30随橡胶隔离层在所述位移支板10上可相对滑动设置。在具体进行铺设时，橡胶隔离层直接铺设在钢板上，弹性体30在被拉伸或者压缩时，可随着橡胶隔离层在钢板上面运动，减少受到的约束，相当于给弹性体30铺了一层保护层，减少了与钢板之间的摩擦与约束，减小了弹性体30的损伤。在本发明一种实施例中，橡胶隔离层采用三元乙丙橡胶，厚度为2mm，两侧各比位移支板10长20mm。
关于刚性伸缩件22的具体结构形式，如图1中所示，在本发明一些实施例中，刚性伸缩件22呈直线型布置，包括内部滑杆22a、套设在内部滑杆22a上的滑套22b、套设在内部滑杆22a与滑套22b之间的第一弹簧22c。这里需要指出的是，在本发明一些实施例中，内部滑杆22a的长度小于滑套22b的长度，第一弹簧22c的长度大于内部滑杆22a的长度，从而使得内部滑杆22a在朝向滑套22b内部移动时，第一弹簧22c被压缩，产生反向的弹力；通过这种形式，在水平方向提供了约束；
另一方面，在本发明实施例中，请继续参照图2，刚性伸缩件22还包括套设在滑套22b外部的第二弹簧22d。由于第二弹簧22d套设在滑套22b上，在弹性体30进行浇筑时第二弹簧22d的其余部分与弹性体30粘连固化连接在一起，这样，第二弹簧22d在竖直方向上也对弹性体30的变形起到了限制，在弹性体30的拉伸或压缩时，由于第二弹簧22d以及滑套22b的约束，防止其发生拱起或者下凹。
此外，这里还需要指出的是，在本发明实施例中，对于弹性支撑件的个数没有限制，本 领域技术人员可以根据实际工况进行选择。
在本发明另一些实施例中，对刚性伸缩件22的结构形式做出了变形，如图3中所示，刚性伸缩件22呈拱形布置，包括拱形管22e，拱形管22e包括拱形段22e1和两端的直线段22e2，刚性伸缩件22还包括套设在两直线段22e2的内杆22f、套设在内杆22f和拱形管22e之间的第三弹簧22g。通过将刚性伸缩件22设置为拱形的结构，可以在竖直方向上起到支撑的作用，防止在受到大载荷时刚性伸缩件22发生下凹进而影响其伸缩性能；如图3中所示，在本发明一些实施例中两端的直线段22e2呈倾斜布置，当然在本发明其他实施例中，也可以将直线段22e2设置为水平方式，本发明实施例中利用拱形结构实现更高强度的支撑，提高刚性伸缩件22的使用可靠性。同样的，在本发明一些实施例中，拱形管22e外部还套设有第四弹簧22h。第四弹簧22h的作用与第二弹簧22d的作用相同，这里不再进行赘述。
在本发明一些实施例中，弹性体30选用高弹沥青混合料。具体的，高弹沥青混合料由聚合物改性沥青和单一粒径玄武岩骨料组成，其质量比为(30～40)：100；本领域技术人员可以根据技术要求进行质量比的调整；
聚合物改性沥青包括如下组分：基质沥青100份、80～250nm的纳米级橡胶粉15～25份、0.5～1cm的橡胶颗粒10～15份、活化剂2～5份、环氧胶黏剂1～2.5份、聚乙烯醇纤维0.5～1.2份、复合增效剂6～10份；
单一粒径玄武岩骨料粒径为5～10mm、10～15mm、15～20mm中的一种。
在本发明一些实施例中，关于聚合物改性沥青的配比的一种实施方式如下：按照重量份数计算，聚合物改性沥青包括如下组分：基质沥青100份、80～250nm的纳米级橡胶粉15～25份、0.5～1cm的橡胶颗粒10～15份、活化剂2～5份、环氧胶黏剂1～2.5份、聚乙烯醇纤维0.5～1.2份和复合增效剂6～10份。通过上述配比的设置，经测试满足下表中的具体技术指标：
表1 高弹沥青混合料7技术指标
Figure PCTCN2022133385-appb-000001
本发明实施例中的变形缝伸缩装置通过上述结构形式的设置，具有良好的交通承载能力和优异的抗变形能力，可以有效吸收由混凝土板伸缩及车辆荷载作用产生的水平及竖向变形，大大降低铺装结构反射裂缝发生概率。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面，还提供了如图4中所示的路面结构，包括：结构底板100、基层200、下面层300和表面层400，其中：基层200铺设在结构底板100上，且基层200和结构底板100在竖直方向上具有将二者隔断的变形缝101；下面层300铺设在基层200上，且在变形缝101上方的基层200内具有槽口301，槽口301内固定有上述变形缝101伸缩装置；表面层400铺设在下面层300上。本发明实施例中通过表面层400的设置，避免弹性体30与车辆直接接触，延长了隧道变形缝101铺装使用寿命，同时表面层400统一浇筑铺装，提升了路面铺装的整体性和舒适性。
具体的，在本发明一种实施例中，表面层400采用温拌阻燃沥青混凝土，厚度为40～45mm；
下面层300采用温拌沥青混凝土，厚度为60～65mm；基层200采用超韧水泥基复合材料，厚度为200～250mm。
此外，在本发明一些实施例中，关于变形伸缩缝中的弹性体30与槽口301的连接方式可以采用上文中的环氧树脂界面剂32进行粘接，具体进行粘接时，环氧树脂界面剂32的涂布量为
Figure PCTCN2022133385-appb-000002
当然这里还需要指出的是，弹性体30与槽口301的连接方式还具有其他结构形式，在本发明一些实施例中，还可以采用预埋件，或者台阶形式，或者通过对槽口301的结构进行改进，将弹性体30的两端设置为倒置的凹字型，与两侧路面进行浇筑插接，以此来提高连接的可靠性。
请继续参照图4，在本发明实施例中，变形缝101内还填充有嵌缝条201，嵌缝条201为泡沫条。这里需要指出的是，通过嵌缝条201的设置，可以对变形缝101实现有效的保护，这里的泡沫条为可压缩的泡沫条，其耐高温性能不小于220摄氏度。
在上述实施例中，通过在变形缝101处通过引入钢构件加强了柔性变形铺装与隧道主体结构及两侧沥青铺装的整体性，并提升了抗水平向及竖向变形性能；在槽口301表面设置环氧树脂界面剂32加强了柔性变形铺装与隧道主体结构及两侧沥青铺装接触面的粘结性能；槽口301内弹性体30采用大变形的高弹沥青混合料，通过高弹性沥青混合料吸收混凝土板的伸缩变形，同时单一粒径骨料在一定受压情况下，骨料受挤压后逐渐形成空隙骨架结构，有效限制铺装结构变形，可适应水平方向±3.5cm的变形量需求，此变形量可满足隧道进出 口位置及隧道内部结构性沉降缝等位置的大变形量需求；基层200采用超韧水泥基复合材料替代传统水泥混凝土，从而提高铺装结构抗弯性能和抗拉性能，降低变形缝101胀缝的风险，同时可以有效的阻止外界有害物质的侵入，满足隧道主体结构抗裂防渗要求。
在本发明实施例中，还提供了一种上述路面结构的施工方法，如图5中所示，包括以下步骤：在本发明一些实施例中，铺装结构的总厚度为350mm；
S10：在结构底板100上浇筑设定厚度的基层200，并留出与结构底板100对应的变形缝101，等待基层200达到设计强度；在浇筑基层200时，其厚度为250mm，基层200采用超韧水泥基复合材料。
S20：在基层200上浇筑下面层300，下面层300的厚度为60mm，采用温拌沥青混凝土，待下面层300达到设计强度后，在下面层300开设槽口301，槽口301开设在变形缝101上方，槽口301宽度400mm，深度为60mm，且在开设该槽口301时使得底部露出基层200表面；在具体开槽后，将基层200表面清理至干燥、洁净，然后将耐高温嵌缝条201填充至变形缝101内；
S30：将位移支板10放置在变形缝101上方，且单侧固定；位移支板10规格为9000mm×120mm×5mm，在具体进行单侧固定时，采用膨胀螺丝实现，而且膨胀螺丝伸入的深度不小于70mm；在位移支板10单侧固定后，在位移支板10上铺设橡胶隔离层，其规格为9000mm×160×2mm。
S40：将弹性支撑组件20横跨变形缝101固定在槽口301内，弹性组件沿路面宽度方向平行间隔布置有至少两个；在本发明一些实施例中，采用角钢进行固定，角钢布置于槽口301底面两侧，相距下面层300两侧20mm，角钢尺寸35mm×50mm×7mm的Q235角钢，然后安装弹簧伸缩杆，即本发明实施例中的刚性伸缩件22；
S50：浇筑弹性体30于槽口301内，并且弹性体30填充满槽口301内空间；在浇筑之前，先在槽口301表面涂布环氧树脂界面剂32，涂布量为
Figure PCTCN2022133385-appb-000003
再涂布密封胶31，密封胶31在槽口301底部涂布5mm，在侧面涂布2mm厚；涂布完成后，开始弹性体30的浇注，弹性体30的具体组成及配比在上文中已经详细说明，这里不再进行赘述；
S60：待弹性体30达到设计强度后，在下面层300上方铺设表面层400。通过表面层400统一铺装，避免了车辆与弹性体30的接触，延长了变形缝101伸缩装置的使用寿命，提高了行车的舒适性。
本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化 和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

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  1. 一种变形缝伸缩装置，其特征在于，该装置安装于变形缝上方的槽口内，该装置包括：
    位移支板，所述位移支板设置在变形缝上方，且所述位移支板在变形缝两侧的其中一侧固定设置；
    弹性支撑组件，包括固定在所述位移支板两侧的固定座以及与两所述固定座连接的刚性伸缩件，所述刚性伸缩悬空固定在变形缝上方，且沿两所述固定座的连线方向具有弹性；
    弹性体，填充在变形缝上方槽口内，且将所述弹性支撑组件浸没；
    其中，所述弹性体两侧与变形缝上方槽口的侧壁连接，在变形缝伸缩变形时，所述弹性支撑组件提供变形缓冲力。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的变形缝伸缩装置，其特征在于，所述弹性体两侧涂布有密封胶。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的变形缝伸缩装置，其特征在于，所述密封胶外侧涂布有环氧树脂界面剂。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的变形缝伸缩装置，其特征在于，所述位移支板为钢板，且所述位移支板上铺设有橡胶隔离层，所述弹性体随所述橡胶隔离层在所述位移支板上可相对滑动设置。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的变形缝伸缩装置，其特征在于，所述刚性伸缩件呈直线型布置，包括内部滑杆、套设在所述内部滑杆上的滑套、套设在所述内部滑杆与滑套之间的第一弹簧。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的变形缝伸缩装置，其特征在于，所述刚性伸缩件还包括套设在所述滑套外部的第二弹簧。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的变形缝伸缩装置，其特征在于，所述刚性伸缩件呈拱形布置，包括拱形管，所述拱形管包括拱形段和两端的直线段，所述刚性伸缩件还包括套设在两所述直线段的内杆、套设在所述内杆和拱形管之间的第三弹簧。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的变形缝伸缩装置，其特征在于，所述拱形管外部还套设有第四弹簧。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的变形缝伸缩装置，其特征在于，所述弹性体为高弹沥青混合料。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的变形缝伸缩装置，其特征在于，所述高弹沥青混合料由聚合物改性沥青和单一粒径玄武岩骨料组成，其质量比为(30～40)：100；
    所述聚合物改性沥青包括如下组分：基质沥青100份、80～250nm的纳米级橡胶粉15～25份、0.5～1cm的橡胶颗粒10～15份、活化剂2～5份、环氧胶黏剂1～2.5份、聚乙烯醇纤维0.5～1.2份、复合增效剂6～10份；
    所述单一粒径玄武岩骨料粒径为5～10mm、10～15mm、15～20mm中的一种。
  11. 一种路面结构，其特征在于，包括：结构底板、基层、下面层和表面层，其中：
    所述基层铺设在所述结构底板上，且所述基层和结构底板在竖直方向上具有将二者隔断的变形缝；
    所述下面层铺设在所述基层上，且在所述变形缝上方的所述基层内具有槽口，所述槽口内固定有如权利要求1至10中任一项所述的变形缝伸缩装置；
    所述表面层铺设在所述下面层上。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的路面结构，其特征在于，所述变形缝内还填充有嵌缝条，所述嵌缝条为泡沫条。
  13. 一种如权利要求11或12中所述的路面结构的施工方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    在结构底板上浇筑设定厚度的基层，并留出与结构底板对应的变形缝，等待基层达到设计强度；
    在基层上浇筑下面层，待下面层达到设计强度后，在下面层开设槽口，所述槽口开设在变形缝上方，且在开设该槽口时使得底部露出所述基层表面；
    将位移支板放置在变形缝上方，且单侧固定；
    将弹性支撑组件横跨所述变形缝固定在所述槽口内，所述弹性组件沿路面宽度方向平行间隔布置有至少两个；
    浇筑弹性体于所述槽口内，并且所述弹性体填充满所述槽口内空间；
    待弹性体达到设计强度后，在下面层上方铺设表面层。
PCT/CN2022/133385 2022-10-09 2022-11-22 一种变形缝伸缩装置、路面结构及其施工方法 WO2024077719A1 (zh)

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