WO2024037310A1 - 雾化器、电子雾化装置、雾化组件及制备方法 - Google Patents
雾化器、电子雾化装置、雾化组件及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024037310A1 WO2024037310A1 PCT/CN2023/109805 CN2023109805W WO2024037310A1 WO 2024037310 A1 WO2024037310 A1 WO 2024037310A1 CN 2023109805 W CN2023109805 W CN 2023109805W WO 2024037310 A1 WO2024037310 A1 WO 2024037310A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- heating element
- atomizer
- porous
- porous body
- liquid matrix
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 288
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 aldehyde compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- JPYHHZQJCSQRJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phloroglucinol Natural products CCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCCC(=O)C1=C(O)C=C(O)C=C1O JPYHHZQJCSQRJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QCDYQQDYXPDABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phloroglucinol Chemical compound OC1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1 QCDYQQDYXPDABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960001553 phloroglucinol Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyandiamide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC#N QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic aldehyde Chemical compound CCC=O NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002459 porosimetry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyric aldehyde Natural products CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012643 polycondensation polymerization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005373 porous glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N aldehydo-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019506 cigar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035611 feeding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008098 formaldehyde solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007031 hydroxymethylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940053834 phenol / resorcinol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004154 testing of material Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019505 tobacco product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
- A24F40/10—Devices using liquid inhalable precursors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
- A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
- A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
- A24F40/42—Cartridges or containers for inhalable precursors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
- A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
- A24F40/46—Shape or structure of electric heating means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
- A24F40/70—Manufacture
Definitions
- the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of electronic atomization technology, and in particular, to an atomizer, an electronic atomization device, an atomization component and a preparation method.
- Smoking products eg, cigarettes, cigars, etc.
- Smoking products burn tobacco during use to produce tobacco smoke. Attempts have been made to replace these tobacco-burning products by creating products that release compounds without burning them.
- heating devices that release compounds by heating rather than burning the material.
- the material may be tobacco or other non-tobacco products, which may or may not contain nicotine.
- aerosol-providing articles such as so-called vaping devices.
- vaping devices These electronic atomization devices usually contain a liquid, a porous ceramic body, and a heating element of metal or alloy formed or bonded to the porous ceramic body. After the liquid is absorbed by the porous ceramic body, it is heated by the heating element to vaporize it and produce Inhalable aerosols.
- One embodiment of the present application provides an atomizer, including:
- Liquid storage chamber for storing liquid matrix
- a porous body in fluid communication with the liquid storage chamber to receive a liquid matrix
- the heating element is at least partially in contact with the porous body; the heating element is porous for sucking a liquid matrix from the porous body and heating the sucked liquid matrix to generate an aerosol; the heating element is made of Porous resin gel is obtained by carbonization.
- the heating element does not include metallic elements
- the heating element is non-metallic.
- the heating element includes carbon
- the heating element also includes nitrogen or silicon.
- the heating element has a porosity between 30% and 80%.
- the average pore diameter of the micropores in the heating element is between 1 micron and 10 microns.
- the heating element has a volume of no greater than 8 mm 3 .
- the heating element has a bulk density of 0.4 to 1 g/cm 3 .
- the mechanical strength of the heating element is not less than 20 MPa.
- the heating element has a Mohs hardness of 2-3.
- the micropores in the heating element are substantially three-dimensionally connected.
- At least part of the heating element is exposed on the surface of the porous body for generating a release aerosol.
- the heating element has a volume resistivity ranging from 0.1 to 1 ⁇ mm.
- the porous resin gel is obtained by polymerizing formaldehyde with an organic monomer capable of polymerizing with formaldehyde, and separating the resin product from the reaction system through phase separation.
- Phase separation is a term in physical chemistry, which means that when external conditions such as system temperature and pressure change, a multi-component system will separate into several phases with different components; for example, a multi-component liquid phase at temperature When falling, it can be divided into two or more immiscible liquid phases of different components.
- polymerization-induced phase separation is a chemical method for synthesizing porous materials, which means that by designing the proportions of each component in the precursor solution, when the reactants polymerize, due to The increase in the polymerization degree of the reactant leads to a decrease in its compatibility (miscibility) with other components in the system, resulting in phase separation.
- the evolved structure of the phase separation is “frozen” in the form of "gel” solidification, thus Methods of obtaining porous materials.
- the organic monomer includes at least one of phenol, resorcinol, phloroglucinol, urea, melamine, dicyandiamide, or derivatives thereof.
- the heating element is further provided with through holes arranged in an orderly manner along a predetermined direction.
- the through hole penetrates the heating element along a thickness direction of the heating element.
- the pore size of the through hole is larger than the pore size of the micropores within the heating element
- the diameter of the through hole ranges from 0.05 to 1.0 mm.
- the via wires are visible to the naked eye.
- the heating element is sheet-shaped; the through hole is located at least in a central region of the heating element.
- the heating element has a skeleton defining internal micropores with activated pores less than 2 nm on the surface of the skeleton.
- the activation pores are formed by subjecting the heating element to an activation treatment; the activation treatment includes calcining the heating element in an active gas atmosphere, or immersing the heating element in an active solution. Soaking; the active gas includes water vapor or carbon dioxide, and the active solution includes potassium hydroxide or zinc chloride.
- the nitrogen adsorption-desorption curve of the heating element is a type I isotherm.
- Another embodiment of the present application also proposes an electronic atomization device, including an atomizer that atomizes a liquid matrix to generate an aerosol, and a power supply mechanism that supplies power to the atomizer; the atomizer includes the above of atomizer.
- Another embodiment of the present application also provides an atomizer, including:
- Liquid storage chamber for storing liquid matrix
- a porous body in fluid communication with the liquid storage chamber to receive a liquid matrix
- the heating element is at least partially in contact with the porous body; the heating element is porous for absorbing a liquid matrix from the porous body and heating the absorbed liquid matrix to generate an aerosol; the body of the heating element
- the resistivity ranges from 0.1 to 1 ⁇ mm.
- Another embodiment of the present application also provides an atomization assembly for an electronic atomization device, including:
- a non-metallic heating element is at least partially in contact with the porous body; the heating element is porous for absorbing a liquid matrix from the porous body and heating the absorbed liquid matrix to generate an aerosol; the heating element
- the volume resistivity of the component is between 0.1 and 1 ⁇ mm.
- Another embodiment of the present application also provides an atomizer, including:
- Liquid storage chamber for storing liquid matrix
- a porous body in fluid communication with the liquid storage chamber to receive a liquid matrix
- the heating element is at least partially in contact with the porous body; the heating element is porous for absorbing a liquid matrix from the porous body and heating the absorbed liquid matrix to generate an aerosol; the heating element includes:
- the surface of the skeleton is smooth.
- Another embodiment of the present application also provides an atomizer, including:
- Liquid storage chamber for storing liquid matrix
- a porous body in fluid communication with the liquid storage chamber to receive a liquid matrix
- the heating element is at least partially in contact with the porous body; the heating element is porous for absorbing a liquid matrix from the porous body and heating the absorbed liquid matrix to generate an aerosol; the heating element has a Micropores distributed randomly, with an average pore diameter ranging from 1 micron to 10 microns;
- the heating element is also provided with at least one through hole that penetrates the heating element in a predetermined direction, and the diameter of the through hole is greater than the average pore diameter of the micropores.
- the through hole penetrates the heating element along a thickness direction of the heating element.
- the vias are formed by laser drilling.
- the heating element is sheet-shaped
- the through hole is located at least in the central area of the heating element; and/or, the through hole is close to the geometric center of the heating element.
- Another embodiment of the present application also provides a method for preparing an atomization component, including the following steps:
- a porous body is obtained, and the heating element is bonded to the porous body.
- the porous heating element is obtained by carbonization of porous resin gel. It is advantageous for atomization of liquid substrates.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic atomization device provided by an embodiment
- Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the atomizer in Figure 1;
- Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the atomization component in Figure 2 from one perspective;
- Figure 4 is an exploded schematic diagram of the atomization component in Figure 3 from one perspective;
- Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a method for preparing a heating element in an embodiment
- Figure 6 is a magnified cross-sectional electron microscope scan of the heating element in one embodiment
- Figure 7 is a magnified cross-sectional electron microscope scan of the heating element of another embodiment
- Figure 8 is a magnified cross-sectional electron microscope scan of the heating element of another embodiment
- Figure 9 is a magnified cross-sectional electron microscope scan of the heating element of another embodiment.
- Figure 10 is a magnified cross-sectional electron microscope scan of the heating element of another embodiment
- Figure 11 is a magnified cross-sectional electron microscope scan of the heating element of another embodiment
- Figure 12 is a magnified cross-sectional electron microscope scan of the heating element of another embodiment
- Figure 13 is an exploded schematic view of the porous body of the atomization assembly and the heating element before assembly in yet another embodiment
- Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of a heating element according to yet another embodiment
- Figure 15 is a comparative chart of nitrogen adsorption curves before and after activation treatment of a porous heating element in one embodiment.
- first”, “second” and “third” in this application are only used for descriptive purposes and shall not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number or order of indicated technical features. All directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back%) in the embodiments of this application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings). Or sports conditions, etc., if the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly. Furthermore, the terms “including” and “having” and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.
- a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally also includes steps or units that are not listed, or optionally also includes Other steps or units inherent to such processes, methods, products or devices.
- an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic is described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application.
- the appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art understand, both explicitly and implicitly, that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
- This application proposes an electronic atomization device, as shown in FIG. 1 , including an atomizer 100 that stores a liquid substrate and vaporizes it to generate an aerosol, and a power supply assembly 200 that supplies power to the atomizer 100 .
- the power supply assembly 200 includes a receiving cavity 270 disposed at one end along the length direction for receiving and accommodating at least a portion of the atomizer 100 , and at least a portion of the receiving cavity is exposed in the receiving cavity 270 .
- the first electrical contact 230 on the surface 270 is used to power the atomizer 100 when at least a portion of the atomizer 100 is received and contained within the power supply assembly 200 .
- a second electrical contact 21 is provided on the end of the atomizer 100 opposite to the power component 200 along the length direction, and when at least a portion of the atomizer 100 is received in the receiving cavity 270 , The second electrical contact 21 is in contact with the first electrical contact 230 to conduct electricity.
- a seal 260 is provided inside the power supply assembly 200 , and at least a portion of the internal space of the power supply assembly 200 is separated by the seal 260 to form the above receiving cavity 270 .
- the seal 260 is configured to extend along the cross-sectional direction of the power supply assembly 200 , and is optionally made of a flexible material, thereby preventing the liquid from the atomizer 100 from seeping into the receiving chamber 270
- the substrate flows to the controller 220, sensor 250, and other components inside the power supply assembly 200.
- the power supply assembly 200 further includes a battery core 210 for power supply at the other end away from the receiving cavity 270 along the length direction; and a controller 220 disposed between the battery core 210 and the receiving cavity. Controller 220 is operable to direct electrical current between cell 210 and first electrical contact 230 .
- the power supply assembly 200 includes a sensor 250 for sensing the suction airflow generated by the atomizer 100 when suctioning, and then the controller 220 controls the battery core 210 to output to the atomizer 100 based on the detection signal of the sensor 250 current.
- the power supply assembly 200 is provided with a charging interface 240 at the other end away from the receiving cavity 270 for charging the battery core 210 .
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the atomizer 100 in Figure 1, including:
- Main housing 10 As shown in Figure 2, the main housing 10 is generally in the shape of a longitudinal cylinder, and of course its interior is hollow with necessary functional components for storing and atomizing liquid substrates; the main housing 10 has a structure along the length direction The opposite proximal end 110 and the distal end 120; wherein, according to the requirements of normal use, the proximal end 110 is configured as an end for the user to inhale aerosol, and the proximal end 110 is provided with a suction nozzle A for the user to inhale; and The remote end 120 is used as the end coupled with the power supply assembly 200 .
- the interior of the main housing 10 is provided with a liquid storage chamber 12 for storing a liquid substrate, and an atomization assembly for sucking the liquid substrate from the liquid storage cavity 12 and heating the atomized liquid substrate.
- the main housing 10 is provided with an aerosol transmission tube 11 arranged along the axial direction.
- the space between the aerosol transmission tube 11 and the inner wall of the main housing 10 is formed for storing liquid.
- the liquid storage chamber 12 of the matrix; the first end of the aerosol transmission tube 11 relative to the proximal end 110 is connected to the mouth A of the mouthpiece, thereby transmitting the generated aerosol to mouth A of the mouthpiece for sucking.
- the aerosol transmission tube 11 and the main housing 10 are integrally molded from a moldable material, and the liquid storage chamber 12 formed after preparation is open or opening toward the distal end 120 .
- the atomizer 100 further includes an atomizing component for atomizing at least part of the liquid matrix to generate an aerosol.
- the atomization assembly includes a porous body 30; and a heating element 40 that absorbs the liquid matrix from the porous body 30 and performs heating and vaporization.
- the porous body 30 can be made of rigid capillary elements such as porous ceramics, porous glass ceramics, porous glass, etc.
- the porous body 30 includes capillary elements with capillary channels inside capable of absorbing and transferring a liquid matrix.
- the atomization assembly is accommodated and maintained in the sealing element 20 , and the porous body 30 of the atomization assembly is in fluid communication with the liquid storage chamber 12 through the liquid conduction channel 13 defined by the sealing element 20 to receive the liquid matrix.
- the liquid in the liquid storage chamber 12 flows to the atomization component through the liquid guide channel 13 and is absorbed and heated; Mouth A is sucked by the user, as shown by arrow R2 in Figure 2.
- the specific structure of the atomization assembly includes:
- the porous body 30 has opposite surfaces 310 and 320; after assembly, the surface 310 faces the liquid storage chamber 12 and is in fluid communication with the liquid storage chamber 12 through the liquid conduction channel 13 to absorb the liquid matrix; Surface 320 is facing away from the liquid storage chamber 12 .
- the porous body 30 is prepared by mixing raw material powder, such as ceramic powder, with a pore-forming agent, followed by molding and sintering. Furthermore, the micropores in the porous body 30 are formed by sintering the pore-forming agent. Furthermore, the average pore diameter of the micropores in the porous body 30 is 15 to 50 ⁇ m. Furthermore, the porosity of the porous body 30 is 35 to 75%.
- the ceramic material powder of the porous body 30 includes at least one of alumina, zirconia, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, silica, cordierite, and the like.
- the porous body 30 is generally in the shape of a sheet, a plate, or a block, and has two side surfaces with opposite thickness directions as the surface 310 and the surface 320 respectively.
- the porous body 30 may have more shapes, such as arch, cup, groove, etc. shapes.
- the applicant provided details about the shape of the arched porous body with internal channels and the configuration of the porous body to absorb the liquid matrix and atomize the liquid matrix in Chinese Patent Application Publication No. CN215684777U. The full text of the above document is by reference. Incorporated into this article.
- the surface 320 has a length dimension of approximately 8 to 15 mm and a width dimension of approximately 3 to 8 mm. And in the implementation, the surface 320 is provided with a groove 321; the heating element 40 is assembled and retained in the groove 321. Groove 321 extends substantially along the length of surface 320 . Also, the length and width of the groove 321 are the same as the length and width of the heating element 40, or the length and width of the groove 321 are slightly larger than the length and width of the heating element 40; thus allowing the heating element 40 to move smoothly and securely. Fitted and held in groove 321.
- the heating element 40 of the atomization assembly is porous; the heating element 40 has micropores inside, and the heating element 40 can further absorb and heat the source by contacting the porous body 30. Liquid matrix from porous body 30 .
- heating element 40 is at least partially exposed to the surface 320 for releasing the generated aerosol.
- the surface 320 of the porous body 30 is flat; and the surface 320 does not have the above grooves 321 formed thereon.
- the heating element 40 is directly coupled to the surface 320 of the porous body 30 through surface mounting, welding, mechanical fixing or adhesive slurry sintering.
- the heating element 40 is a thin sheet; for example, as shown in FIG. 4 , the heating element 40 is configured as a substantially thin sheet or plate; thin can be described as the thickness of the heating element 40 is less than the length and/or or width. And in the implementation of FIG. 4 , the heating element 40 has a length dimension d11 of approximately 6 to 14 mm, and a width dimension d12 of 2 to 6 mm; and, the heating element 40 has a thickness of approximately 0.2 mm to 2 mm. So that the heating element 40 and the porous body 30 have a large contact area, for It is advantageous to improve the transfer efficiency of the liquid substrate between them; at least it is advantageous to prevent dry burning when the heating element 40 does not absorb enough liquid substrate. Or in some embodiments, the heating element 40 is a block with a greater thickness or the like.
- the heating element 40 is non-metallic; or the heating element 40 does not contain metallic elements or metal components.
- the heating element 40 is a non-metal porous heating element 40 prepared by a resin gel method; for example, the heating element 40 includes at least carbon; or the heating element 40 further includes non-metal nitrogen, or silicon.
- the heating element 40 and the porous body 30 are prepared independently, and then the heating element 40 is fixed, assembled or combined on the surface 320 of the porous body 30 through inlaying or mechanical fixing to integrate them into one body.
- the atomization component also includes:
- the electrodes 51 and 52 are at least partially formed on the surface 320 of the porous body 30 . And after assembly, the electrode 51 is in contact or conductive with a part of the surface of the part 41 of the heating element 40; and the electrode 52 is in contact or conductive with a part of the surface of the part 42 of the heating element 40. And after assembly, the electrode 51 completely or at least partially covers the portion 41 of the heating element 40; and the electrode 52 completely or at least partially covers the portion 42 of the heating element 40. Moreover, the extension size of the electrode 51 and the electrode 52 along the width direction of the surface 320 is larger than the width size of the heating element 40 .
- the electrode 51 spans the groove 321 or the heating element 40 along the width direction; the electrode 52 spans the groove 321 or the heating element 40 along the width direction.
- the electrodes 51 and 52 at least partially support or retain the heating element 40 at the surface 320 to securely retain the heating element 40 within the groove 321 and prevent the heating element 40 from exiting the groove 321 come out.
- the electrode 51 and/or the electrode 52 is an electrode sheet, an electrode plate or an electrode disk, and the electrode 51 and/or the electrode 52 are heated by welding or mechanically fixing the electrode 51 and/or the electrode 52 on the surface 320 .
- Element 40 is electrically conductive. Or during preparation, the exposed surfaces of the parts 41 and 42 of the heating element 40 are coated with conductive paste, such as silver paste, and then the electrodes 51 and 52 are fixed on the surface 320 by welding or mechanical fixing, and the conductive paste is solidified. Form conductivity.
- the electrode 51 and the electrode 52 are formed by printing or deposition. For example, by printing or depositing a conductive paste on the surface 320, and allowing the conductive paste to at least partially penetrate into the gap between the portion 41 of the heating element 40 and the groove 321, and into the gap between the portion 42 and the groove 32. The gap is then sintered or solidified to form the electrode 51 and the electrode 52. Furthermore, after the conductive paste between the infiltrated portion 41 and the groove 32 and the conductive paste between the infiltrated portion 42 and the groove 32 are sintered or solidified, at least part of the connection between the portion 41 and/or the portion 42 and the porous body 30 is provided. connections between. And the electrodes 51 and 52 formed of the conductive paste are at least partially immersed or penetrated into the micropores of the portion 41 and the portion 42 respectively.
- the electrode 51 and the electrode 52 are exposed; then the second electrical contact 21 of the atomizer 100 extends into the atomizer 100 from the distal end 120 and abuts against the electrodes 51 and 52 to form conductive to power the heating element 40 .
- the portions 41 and 42 of the heating element 40 are used to define electrical connection areas of the heating element 40, thereby powering the heating element 40 in use.
- portion 43 of heating element 40 essentially defines a heating zone for heating the liquid substrate.
- Yet another embodiment of the present application also proposes a method of preparing a non-metallic porous heating element 40 through a resin gel method, as shown in Figure 5, which includes:
- monomer is a noun term in the field of organic chemistry; monomer is a general term for small molecules that can be polymerized with molecules of the same or other types. It is a simple compound that can undergo polymerization reactions or condensation polymerization reactions to synthesize polymer compounds. It is a low-molecular raw material used in the synthesis of polymers.
- Organic monomers generally refer to carbon-containing monomers.
- This type of organic monomer in step S10 is such as phenol, resorcinol, phloroglucinol, urea, melamine, toluene, xylene, dicyandiamide, or their same type derivatives such as derivatives containing silicon-oxygen bonds. one or more of the following.
- This type of organic carbon source can polymerize with formaldehyde to form polymeric resin; for example, phenol/resorcinol/phloroglucinol can be condensed with formaldehyde to form phenolic resin, and urea can be condensed with formaldehyde to form urea-formaldehyde resin, or melamine. It can condense with formaldehyde to form melamine resin, etc.
- step S30 After drying the porous resin gel in step S20, it is calcined and carbonized in a vacuum or in an inert atmosphere to prepare a porous heating element precursor containing carbon;
- the porous heating element precursor is cut, cleaned, impurity removed, filtered, and dried according to the required size or shape, and then the heating element 40 is obtained.
- the liquid phase reaction system constructed in step S10 is realized through a liquid phase solvent; usually water, Methanol, ethanol, etc. are used as reaction solvents for the preparation of phenolic resin to construct a liquid-phase reaction system.
- the organic monomer in step S10 can be polymerized with aldehyde compounds such as acetaldehyde and propionaldehyde; and then polymerized with aldehyde compounds such as acetaldehyde and propionaldehyde to form a phenolic resin gel, etc. .
- phase separation is a physical and chemical term, which means that when the system temperature, pressure, etc., or the proportion, compatibility, etc. of the components change, the multi-component system will separate into different components.
- phases can be separated; for example, a multi-component liquid phase can be divided into two or more immiscible liquid phases of different components, or a solid phase and a liquid phase when the temperature decreases.
- phase separation is a chemical method for synthesizing porous materials, which means that by designing the proportions of each component in the precursor solution, when the reactants polymerize, due to The increase in the degree of polymerization induces a decrease in compatibility (miscibility) with other components in the reaction system, resulting in phase separation.
- the evolved structure of the phase separation is “frozen” in the form of "gel” solidification, thereby obtaining the porous material. method.
- step S20 the system including solvent, reactants and catalysts is basically in a homogeneous state in the initial stage; while as the reaction proceeds, as the amount of resin product generated increases, the compatibility between the resin product and the reaction system increases. The properties gradually become worse; at this time, the reaction system is no longer thermodynamically compatible, and phase separation begins to occur. Since the system pursues the minimum surface energy, the phase structure will gradually coarsen.
- formaldehyde can be added to the system to increase the concentration of formaldehyde monomer, so that when the phase state of the system changes from dispersed pores to phase inversion structure during the induced phase separation process, the system follows the "rotation"
- the “nodal decomposition mechanism” increases the pores and pore size in the formed resin gel to obtain a porous resin gel.
- acidic or metal salt catalyst used in the reaction process in step S20 can speed up the hydroxymethylation speed during the polymerization process.
- Acid catalysts such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, etc.; or metal salt catalysts such as ferric chloride, etc.
- step S30 the generated resin gel is further dried and then calcined and carbonized in a vacuum or an inert atmosphere, so that the gel is decomposed to form a porous heating element precursor that basically contains only carbon or carbon and nitrogen.
- Carbonization also known as charring, coking, etc., refers to the reaction of solid or organic matter heating and decomposition under non-oxidizing atmosphere conditions.
- Processcess The carbonization process is carried out in the carbonization furnace equipment by raising the temperature to 500-2000°C and calcining it under inert atmosphere or vacuum conditions.
- the calcination temperature in the carbonization process of step S30 should be greater than 600 degrees. In order to Ensure that its resistivity can meet the needs of atomization; in some embodiments, the calcination temperature during the carbonization process should be greater than or equal to 900 degrees.
- the method of preparing the non-metallic porous heating element 40 through the resin gel method of resorcinol and formaldehyde includes:
- a porous carbon heating element 40 after placing the porous resin into an inert atmosphere furnace or a vacuum furnace for carbonization, a porous carbon heating element 40 can be obtained.
- the carbonization temperature conditions are: 8 degrees per minute, rising to 1500 degrees, and maintaining for 2 hours.
- the method of preparing the non-metallic porous heating element 40 through the resin gel method of phenol and formaldehyde includes:
- the porous resin can be washed, dried, and carbonized in a vacuum to obtain porous carbon.
- the carbonization temperature conditions are: 1 to 10 degrees per minute, rising to 600 to 2000 degrees, and maintaining for 1 to 6 hours for carbonization.
- the method of preparing the non-metallic porous heating element 40 through the resin gel method of resorcinol and formaldehyde includes:
- the molar ratio of resorcinol to formaldehyde in the total amount of reactants added is 1.1 to 1.8.
- step S20 formaldehyde is fed twice, one is added together with resorcinol during the construction of the reaction system, and the other is added during ice bath induction. The two feedings can slow down the reaction exotherm and reduce the free phenol in the system. content.
- the resistivity range can also be adjusted by adjusting the porosity, and in a specific embodiment, the resistivity of the porous heating element 40 obtained by calcining and carbonizing at 1600°C is 0.3 ⁇ mm. The carbonization temperature was increased to 2000°C, and the resistivity of the porous heating element 40 obtained by calcination and carbonization was reduced to 0.1 ⁇ mm. For example, in some embodiments, the resistivity of the porous heating element 40 obtained by calcining and carbonizing at 1600°C with a porosity of 10% is approximately 0.15 ⁇ mm.
- FIG. 6 shows the micromorphology of the cross-section of the heating element 40 prepared with a relatively small amount of formaldehyde in one embodiment under an electron microscope at a magnification of 3000 times; from the cross-section of FIG. 6 , this embodiment
- the diameter of the micropores connected into a three-dimensional network in the heating element 40 is mainly 2 to 4 microns.
- Figure 7 shows the micromorphology of the cross-section of the heating element 40 prepared with a relatively large amount of formaldehyde and solvent in yet another embodiment under different magnifications of an electron microscope; from the cross-section of Figure 7,
- the diameter of the micropores connected into a three-dimensional network in the heating element 40 of this embodiment is mainly 4 to 8 microns.
- the molar ratio of the organic monomer used for condensation polymerization to aldehyde compounds such as formaldehyde is 1.1 to 5.0, which is beneficial for maintaining the micropore size of the three-dimensional network.
- Figures 8 to 9 show the microscopic morphology of the cross-section of the heating element 40 prepared by using ethanol solvents in different ratios to construct the reaction system in various embodiments under different magnifications of an electron microscope. Different ratios of solvents cause the gel to have different volumes, so that the pores and pore sizes of the prepared heating element 40 are different. For example, when magnified 1000 times, the porosity and pore size of the heating element 40 prepared using less ethanol solvent in FIG. 8 are larger than the porosity and pore size of the heating element 40 prepared using more times ethanol solvent in FIG. 9 .
- Figures 10 to 12 respectively show the microscopic morphology of the cross-section of the heating element 40 prepared using 0.2mmol, 0.4mmol, and 0.8mmol of ferric chloride salts of different concentrations as catalysts under different magnifications of an electron microscope. picture. It can be seen from Figures 10 to 12 that relatively low concentrations of metal catalysts are beneficial for producing large pore sizes.
- the micropores in the porous heating element 40 are basically three-dimensionally connected; or the micropores in the porous heating element 40 have a co-continuous structure or a spinodal-like structure. like structure).
- the porosity of the prepared porous heating element 40 is maintained at 30 to 80% by adjusting the amount of reactants, reaction conditions, catalyst concentration, etc.
- a porous heating element 40 was prepared, and the distribution of micropores inside the heating element 40 prepared in an embodiment was measured by the national standard GB/T 21650.1-2008 mercury intrusion method. See Table 1 below. :
- the heating element 40 of the above-prepared example had a porosity of 60.9% as measured by mercury porosimetry. And in the pore size distribution measured by the mercury porosimetry method, among the micropores in the porous heating element 40, the proportion of micropores with a pore diameter between 1 micron and 10 microns is 91.66%; the proportion of micropores with a pore diameter between 1 micron and 10 micron The proportion is greater than 90%. And, among the micropores in the heating element 40, the proportion of micropores with a diameter between 10 microns and 20 microns is 0.14%. And, among the micropores in the heating element 40, the proportion of micropores with a pore diameter greater than 20 microns is 2.37%. And, among the micropores in the heating element 40, the proportion of micropores with a diameter less than 1 micron is 1.01%.
- pore size distribution measured by the above mercury porosimetry method more than 90% of the micropores have a pore diameter between 1.6 and 2.5 microns, with a high concentration; indicating that the pore diameters of the micropores in the overall heating element 40 are relatively uniform. of.
- the average pore size distribution of the micropores in the porous heating element 40 is between 1 micron and 10 microns; in some implementations, it is advantageous to have an average pore size distribution of the micropores in the porous heating element 40 between 1 and 4 microns. of.
- the proportion of micropores with a pore diameter between 4 microns and 7 microns in the prepared porous heating element 40 is greater than 85%.
- the porous heating element 40 is basically porous carbon; and the volume resistivity of the porous heating element 40 is: 0.1-1 ⁇ mm. Further, it is advantageous to maintain the volume resistivity of the porous heating element 40 between 0.5 and 0.8 ⁇ mm.
- the volume of the porous heating element 40 is not greater than 8mm 3 ; further, the volume of the porous heating element 40 is kept not greater than 5mm 3 ; it is beneficial to improve the heat utilization efficiency and reduce dispersion; the above volume of the porous heating element 40 Refers to the apparent (macroscopic) volume.
- the apparent area of the porous heating element 40 should be no less than 5 mm 2 ; further, the apparent area of the porous heating element 40 should be no less than 5 mm 2 , which is advantageous for transferring liquid matrix or heat.
- step S30 the heating element precursor prepared in step S30 is activated, so that a large number of activated micropores are further generated on the wall of the skeleton of the heating element 40; the diameter of the micropores generated by activation is usually Less than 2 nanometers.
- the activation treatment of the heating element precursor is to be calcined again in an atmosphere of active gas, such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, etc., and activated by the reaction of the active gas with the active points on the pore surface of the heating element precursor; or in another
- the heating element precursor is activated by immersing the heating element 40 in a potassium hydroxide solution, zinc chloride solution, etc., so that the active points on the pore surface of the heating element precursor react and are activated.
- the surface of the porous skeleton of the heating element 40 sintered by the resin gel is basically smooth, at least smoother than the surface of the skeleton formed by sintering the pore-forming agent.
- Figure 15 shows a comparison chart of the nitrogen adsorption and desorption curves of the heating element 40 tested by a nitrogen adsorption and desorption instrument before and after the above heating element 40 was re-calcined in a carbon dioxide atmosphere (calcining temperature 1000-1500°C) and activated.
- the nitrogen adsorption and desorption curve of the heating element 40 before activation is a type II isotherm
- the nitrogen adsorption and desorption curve of the heating element 40 after activation is a type I isotherm.
- the above nitrogen adsorption and desorption curve is used in the material testing field to describe the physical adsorption of nitrogen by porous materials. Characterization curve of characteristics; in this characterization, the nitrogen adsorption and desorption curve of porous materials is subdivided into six types, namely type I, type II, type III, type IV, type V, and type VI.
- the porous heating element 40 only contains inorganic non-metallic elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and silicon, and does not contain metal elements; the porous heating element 40 is resistant to strong acids and alkali, and no metal will dissolve out and contaminate the liquid matrix.
- the heating element 40 contains only a very small amount of metal ion residues from the catalyst. These residual metal components can be removed by soaking in water or an acidic solution, so it is basically can be ignored; or the heating element 40 contains basically no metal elements.
- the porous heating element 40 has a Mohs hardness of 2 to 3, which is advantageous for reducing powder loss.
- the porous heating element 40 has a mechanical strength of not less than 20 MPa.
- the testing method of mechanical strength is implemented in accordance with the national standard GB/T 1041-2008.
- the volume density of the porous heating element 40 is: 0.4-1g/cm 3 .
- FIG. 13 shows a schematic diagram of an atomization assembly of yet another modified embodiment.
- the atomization assembly includes:
- Porous body 30a and, porous heating element 40a. in,
- the surface 320a of the porous body 30a has a first side end and a second side end that are away from each other along the length direction; the groove 321a includes a section 3210a near the first side end, a section 3230a near the second side end, and a section 3210a. and section 3220a between section 3230a. Heating element 40a is assembled and retained within groove 321a.
- the length dimension d11 of the heating element 40a may be about 6 to 12 mm; and the width dimension d12 of the heating element 40a may be about 1 to 4 mm; and the height dimension d13 of the heating element 40a may be has about 2 to 6 mm; and the height dimension d13 of the heating element 40a is greater than the width dimension d12 of the heating element 40, so that the heating element 40a is upright or standing instead of lying flat when held in the groove 321a.
- the heating element 40a may also have a cylindrical shape or a prism shape with a polygonal cross-section.
- the sections 3210a and 3230a of the groove 321a approximately have a width dimension that is the same as the width dimension d12 of the heating element 40a; for example, the sections 3210a and 3230a have a width dimension of approximately 1 to 4 mm.
- the width dimension of the section 3220a is larger than the width dimension of the section 3210a/section 3230a/heating element 40a; in implementation, the width dimension of the section 3220a is approximately 3 to 6 mm.
- the length dimension of the section 3220a is smaller than the length dimension d11 of the heating element 40a; and the length dimension of the section 3220a can be about 4 to 10mm; then after assembly, the heating element 40a spans the section 3220a along the length direction. of. And when assembled, heating element 40a passes through or extends from section 3210a to section 3230a.
- heating element 40a includes:
- the portion 41a is adjacent to and defines the first end of the lengthwise direction of the heating element 40a; and defines the first electrical connection portion of the heating element 40a by being in contact with or covering the electrode after assembly;
- Portion 42a adjacent to and defining the second lengthwise end of the heating element 40a; defining the second electrical connection portion of the heating element 40a by contacting or covering the electrode during assembly;
- Part 43a located between part 41a and part 42a, is mainly used to define the heating part of heating element 40a.
- portion 41a is received and retained within section 3210a of groove 321a, and section 42a is received and retained within section 3230a of groove 321a; and section 43a is received and retained within section 3210a of groove 321a.
- the heating element 40a is flush with the surface 320a of the porous body 30a or 1 to 2 mm lower than the surface 320a. Also, the heating element 40a is at least not protruding relative to the surface 320a.
- the depth of the groove 321a is substantially constant along the length direction, and the depth of the groove 321a is substantially equal to the height dimension d13 of the heating element 40a.
- the lower end surface of the heating element 40a is in contact with or in contact with the bottom wall of the groove 321a for absorbing the liquid substrate.
- the upper end surface of the heating element 40a is basically exposed.
- the contact area between the portion 43a and the porous body 30a is less than 25% of the outer surface area of the portion 43a; this is advantageous for limiting contact and reducing heat transfer.
- FIG. 14 shows a schematic diagram of a porous heating element 40b in yet another modified embodiment; in this embodiment, the sheet-shaped porous heating element 40b is provided with through holes 45b that penetrate the heating element 40b in the thickness direction. specifically:
- the surface 410b of the heating element 40b along the thickness direction is adhered to or combined with or in contact with the porous body 30 surface; and, surface 420b is a bare surface. And, during the contact process, the liquid matrix absorbed from the porous body 30 is transferred from the surface 410b of the heating element 40b to the surface 420b. During transfer, the transfer of liquid matrix received in the central region 44b of the heating element 40b is significantly lower than in the peripheral edge regions. Then, by arranging the through hole 45b penetrating in the thickness direction in the central region 44b, it is advantageous to lift the surface 420b of the liquid matrix in the central region 44b.
- the through hole 45b is close to the geometric center of the heating element 40b.
- the number of through holes 45b may include one or more.
- the through holes 45b are arranged in a predetermined direction, such as the thickness direction; or the through holes 45b are extended or arranged in an orderly manner. Also, the micropores in the heating element 40b are not required.
- the through hole 45b is formed by laser drilling, etching, etc.
- the diameter of the through hole 45b is larger than the diameter of the micropores in the heating element 40b.
- the diameter of the through hole 45b formed by laser or other methods may be approximately 0.05-1.0 mm.
- the diameter of the through hole 45b is approximately 0.1 to 0.5 mm.
- the relatively large-diameter through hole 45b formed by laser drilling or drilling is visible to the naked eye.
- the distance d13 between the central region 44b and the first side end and/or the second side end of the heating element 40b along the length direction is substantially 1/2 of the length dimension d11 of the heating element 40b.
- the distance d14 between the central region 44b and the upper end and/or the lower end of the heating element 40b in the width direction is substantially 1/2 of the width dimension d12 of the heating element 40b.
- other parts other than the central area 44b of the heating element 40b can also be formed with through holes 45b penetrating the heating element 40b through laser drilling, etc., to quickly replenish the liquid matrix during the heating process. It is advantageous to prevent dry burning within the heating element 40b.
- the above through holes 45b may be formed in any area of the heating element 40b.
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Abstract
一种雾化器、电子雾化装置、雾化组件及制备方法；其中，雾化器（100）包括：储液腔（12），用于存储液体基质；多孔体（30），与储液腔（12）流体连通以接收液体基质；加热元件（40），至少部分与多孔体（30）是接触的；加热元件（40）是多孔的，以用于从多孔体（30）吸取液体基质并加热所吸取的液体基质生成气溶胶；加热元件（40）是由多孔树脂凝胶碳化获得的。
Description
相关申请的交叉参考
本申请要求于2022年8月18日提交中国专利局，申请号为202210993908.1，名称为“雾化器、电子雾化装置、雾化组件及制备方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本申请实施例涉及电子雾化技术领域，尤其涉及一种雾化器、电子雾化装置、雾化组件及制备方法。
烟制品(例如，香烟、雪茄等)在使用过程中燃烧烟草以产生烟草烟雾。人们试图通过制造在不燃烧的情况下释放化合物的产品来替代这些燃烧烟草的制品。
此类产品的示例为加热装置，其通过加热而不是燃烧材料来释放化合物。例如，该材料可为烟草或其他非烟草产品，这些非烟草产品可包含或可不包含尼古丁。作为另一示例，存在有气溶胶提供制品，例如，所谓的电子雾化装置。这些电子雾化装置通常包含液体、多孔陶瓷体、以及形成或结合于多孔陶瓷体上的金属或合金的加热元件，液体被多孔陶瓷体吸收后，再被加热元件加热以使其发生汽化从而产生可吸入的气溶胶。
申请内容
本申请的一个实施例提供一种雾化器，包括：
储液腔，用于存储液体基质；
多孔体，与所述储液腔流体连通以接收液体基质；
加热元件，至少部分与所述多孔体是接触的；所述加热元件是多孔的，以用于从所述多孔体吸取液体基质并加热所吸取的液体基质生成气溶胶；所述加热元件是由多孔树脂凝胶碳化获得的。
在一些实施例中，所述加热元件不包括金属元素；
或者，所述加热元件是非金属的。
在一些实施例中，所述加热元件包括碳。
在一些实施例中，所述加热元件还包括氮或硅。
在一些实施例中，所述加热元件的孔隙率介于30～80％。
在一些实施例中，所述加热元件内的微孔的平均孔径介于1微米到10微米。
在一些实施例中，所述加热元件的体积不大于8mm3。
在一些实施例中，所述加热元件的体密度为0.4～1g/cm3。
在一些实施例中，所述加热元件的机械强度不小于20MPa。
在一些实施例中，所述加热元件的莫氏硬度为2～3。
在一些实施例中，所述加热元件内的微孔基本是三维连通的。
在一些实施例中，所述加热元件的至少部分是裸露于所述多孔体表面的，以用于生成释放气溶胶。
在一些实施例中，所述加热元件的体电阻率介于0.1～1Ω·mm。
在一些实施例中，所述多孔树脂凝胶是由能与甲醛进行聚合的有机单体、甲醛进行聚合反应，并通过相分离将树脂产物从反应体系分离获得的。
“相分离”是物理化学术语，是指当体系温度、压强等外界条件的变化，多组元的体系会分离成分别具有不同组分的几个相；例如，多组元的液相在温度下降时，能分成不相溶混的两个以上的不同组元的液相。
进一步，术语“聚合诱导相分离法(polymerization-induced phase separation)”是一种合成多孔材料的化学方法，即是指通过设计前驱液中各个成分的比例，当其中反应物发生聚合反应时，由于反应物的聚合度的上升，导致其与体系中其他组分的兼容度(混溶性)下降，从而发生相分离，最终以“凝胶”固化的形式将相分离的演化结构“冻结”，从而获得多孔材料的方法。
在一些实施例中，所述有机单体包括苯酚、间苯二酚、均苯三酚、尿素、三聚氰胺、双氰胺、或它们衍生物中的至少一种。
在一些实施例中，所述加热元件上还设置有沿预定方向有序地布置的通孔。
在一些实施例中，所述通孔沿所述加热元件的厚度方向贯穿所述加热元件。
在一些实施例中，所述通孔的孔径大于所述加热元件内的微孔的孔径；
和/或，所述通孔的直径介于0.05～1.0mm。
在一些实施例中，所述通孔丝肉眼可见的。
在一些实施例中，所述加热元件是片状的；所述通孔至少位于所述加热元件的中央区域。
在一些实施例中，所述加热元件具有界定内部微孔的骨架，该骨架的表面上具有小于2nm的活化孔。
在一些实施例中，所述活化孔是通过将所述加热元件进行活化处理形成的；所述活化处理包括将所述加热元件于活性气体气氛中煅烧，或者将所述加热元件于活性溶液中浸泡；所述活性气体包括水蒸气或二氧化碳，所述活性溶液包括氢氧化钾或氯化锌。
在一些实施例中，所述加热元件的氮气吸脱附曲线为I型等温线。
本申请的又一个实施例还提出一种电子雾化装置，包括雾化液体基质生成气溶胶的雾化器、以及为所述雾化器供电的电源机构；所述雾化器包括以上所述的雾化器。
本申请的又一个实施例还提出一种雾化器，包括：
储液腔，用于存储液体基质；
多孔体，与所述储液腔流体连通以接收液体基质；
加热元件，至少部分与所述多孔体是接触的；所述加热元件是多孔的，以用于从所述多孔体吸取液体基质并加热所吸取的液体基质生成气溶胶；所述加热元件的体电阻率介于0.1～1Ω·mm。
本申请的又一个实施例还提出一种用于电子雾化装置的雾化组件，包括：
多孔体；
非金属的加热元件，至少部分与所述多孔体是接触的；所述加热元件是多孔的，以用于从所述多孔体吸取液体基质并加热所吸取的液体基质生成气溶胶；所述加热元件的体电阻率介于0.1～1Ω·mm。
本申请的又一个实施例还提出一种雾化器，包括：
储液腔，用于存储液体基质；
多孔体，与所述储液腔流体连通以接收液体基质；
加热元件，至少部分与所述多孔体是接触的；所述加热元件是多孔的，以用于从所述多孔体吸取液体基质并加热所吸取的液体基质生成气溶胶；所述加热元件包括：
非金属的骨架，以及形成于所述骨架之间的微孔；所述骨架是导电的；
所述骨架的表面是光滑的。
本申请的又一个实施例还提出一种雾化器，包括：
储液腔，用于存储液体基质；
多孔体，与所述储液腔流体连通以接收液体基质；
加热元件，至少部分与所述多孔体是接触的；所述加热元件是多孔的，以用于从所述多孔体吸取液体基质并加热所吸取的液体基质生成气溶胶；所述加热元件内具有无序地分布的微孔，该微孔的平均孔径介于1微米到10微米；
所述加热元件上还设置有至少一个沿预定方向贯穿所述加热元件的通孔，所述通孔的直径大于所述微孔的平均孔径。
在一些实施例中，所述通孔沿所述加热元件的厚度方向贯穿所述加热元件。
在一些实施例中，所述通孔是通过激光致孔形成的。
在一些实施例中，所述加热元件是片状的；
所述通孔至少位于所述加热元件的中央区域；和/或，所述通孔靠近所述加热元件的几何中心。
本申请的又一个实施例还提出一种雾化组件的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
将能与醛类化合物进行聚合的有机单体、醛类化合物进行聚合反应，并通过相分离使聚合反应的树脂产物从反应体系中分离，获得多孔树脂凝胶；
将所述多孔树脂凝胶碳化，获得加热元件；
获取多孔体，并将所述加热元件结合于所述多孔体上。
以上雾化器，多孔的加热元件是由多孔树脂凝胶碳化获得的。对于液体基质的雾化是有利的。
一个或多个实施例通过与之对应的附图中的图片进行示例性说明，这些示例性说明并不构成对实施例的限定，附图中具有相同参考数字标号的元件表示为类似的元件，除非有特别申明，附图中的图不构成比例限制。
图1是一实施例提供的电子雾化装置的示意图；
图2是图1中雾化器一个实施例的示意图；
图3是图2中雾化组件一个视角的结构示意图；
图4是图3中雾化组件一个视角的分解示意图；
图5是一个实施例中加热元件的制备方法的示意图；
图6是一个实施例中加热元件的一个放大倍数的截面电镜扫描图；
图7是又一个实施例的加热元件的一个放大倍数的截面电镜扫描图；
图8是又一个实施例的加热元件一个放大倍数的截面电镜扫描图；
图9是又一个实施例的加热元件一个放大倍数的截面电镜扫描图；
图10是又一个实施例的加热元件一个放大倍数的截面电镜扫描图；
图11是又一个实施例的加热元件一个放大倍数的截面电镜扫描图；
图12是又一个实施例的加热元件一个放大倍数的截面电镜扫描图；
图13是又一个实施例的雾化组件的多孔体与加热元件装配前的分解示意图；
图14是又一个实施例的加热元件的示意图；
图15是一个实施例中多孔的加热元件活化处理前后的氮气吸附曲线的对比图。
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量或者次序。本申请实施例中所有方向性指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前、后……)仅用于解释在某一特定姿态(如附图所示)下各部件之间的相对位置关系或者运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元，而是可选地还包括没有列出的步骤或单元，或可选地还包括对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性
可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件，或者其间可能同时存在一个或者多个居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的，并不表示是唯一的实施方式。
本申请提出一种电子雾化装置，可以参见图1所示，包括存储有液体基质并对其进行汽化生成气溶胶的雾化器100、以及为雾化器100供电的电源组件200。
在一个可选的实施中，比如图1所示，电源组件200包括设置于沿长度方向的一端、用于接收和容纳雾化器100的至少一部分的接收腔270，以及至少部分裸露在接收腔270表面的第一电触头230，用于当雾化器100的至少一部分接收和容纳在电源组件200内时为雾化器100供电。
根据图1所示的实施，雾化器100沿长度方向与电源组件200相对的端部上设置有第二电触头21，进而当雾化器100的至少一部分接收于接收腔270内时，第二电触头21通过与第一电触头230接触抵靠进而形成导电。
电源组件200内设置有密封件260，并通过该密封件260将电源组件200的内部空间的至少一部分分隔形成以上接收腔270。在图1所示的实施中，该密封件260被构造成沿电源组件200的横截面方向延伸，并且可选是采用具有柔性材质制备，进而阻止由雾化器100渗流至接收腔270的液体基质流向电源组件200内部的控制器220、传感器250等部件。
在图1所示的实施中，电源组件200还包括沿长度方向背离接收腔270的另一端的用于供电的电芯210；以及设置于电芯210与容纳腔之间的控制器220，该控制器220可操作地在电芯210与第一电触头230之间引导电流。
在使用中电源组件200包括有传感器250，用于感测雾化器100进行抽吸时产生的抽吸气流，进而控制器220根据该传感器250的检测信号控制电芯210向雾化器100输出电流。
进一步在图1所示的实施中，电源组件200在背离接收腔270的另一端设置有充电接口240，用于对电芯210充电。
图2的实施例示出了图1中雾化器100一个实施例的结构示意图，包括：
主壳体10；根据图2所示，该主壳体10大致呈纵长的筒状，当然其内部是中空用于存储和雾化液体基质的必要功能部件；主壳体10具有沿长度方向相对的近端110和远端120；其中，根据通常使用的需求，近端110被配置为作为用户吸食气溶胶的一端，在近端110设置有用于供用户抽吸的吸嘴口A；而远端120被作为与电源组件200进行结合的一端。
进一步参见图2所示，主壳体10的内部设置有用于存储液体基质的储液腔12，以及用于从储液腔12中吸取液体基质并加热雾化液体基质的雾化组件。其中，在图2所示的示意图中，主壳体10内设有沿轴向设置的气溶胶传输管11，该气溶胶传输管11与主壳体10内壁之间的空间形成用于存储液体基质的储液腔12；该气溶胶传输管11相对近端110的第一端与吸嘴口A连通，从而将生成的气溶胶传输至吸嘴口A处吸食。
进一步在一些可选的实施中，气溶胶传输管11与主壳体10是由可模制材质一体模制的，进而制备后形成的储液腔12朝远端120呈敞口或开口。
进一步参见图2和图3所示，雾化器100还包括有雾化组件，用于雾化至少部分的液体基质生成气溶胶。具体，雾化组件包括多孔体30；以及从多孔体30吸取液体基质并进行加热汽化的加热元件40。以及在一些实施方式中，多孔体30可由多孔陶瓷、多孔玻璃陶瓷、多孔玻璃等刚性毛细元件制成。或者在又一些实施中，多孔体30包括内部具有毛细通道能吸收和传递液体基质的毛细元件。
雾化组件是被容纳和保持于密封元件20内的，并且雾化组件的多孔体30是通过密封元件20界定的导液通道13与储液腔12流体连通以接收液体基质的。则在使用中如图2中箭头R1所示，储液腔12内的液体通过导液通道13流向雾化组件进而被吸收和加热；而后产生的气溶胶再通过气溶胶传输管11输出至吸嘴口A处由用户抽吸，如图2中箭头R2所示。
进一步参见图3至图4所示，雾化组件的具体构造中包括：
多孔体30，具有相背离的表面310和表面320；其中在装配后，表面310是朝向储液腔12的，通过导液通道13与储液腔12流体连通，以吸取液体基质；
表面320是背离储液腔12的。
在一些实施中，多孔体30是通过将原料粉末例如陶瓷粉末与造孔剂混合后模制、烧结制备的。以及，多孔体30内的微孔是由造孔剂烧结形成的。以及，多孔体30内的微孔平均孔径15～50μm。以及，多孔体30的孔隙率为35～75％。多孔体30的陶瓷材料粉末包括氧化铝、氧化锆、氧化镁、氧化钙、二氧化硅、堇青石等中的至少一种。
在该实施例中，多孔体30大致呈片状或板状或块状，并由厚度方向相背的两个侧表面分别作为表面310和表面320。或者在更多的实施例中，多孔体30可以具有更多的形状，例如拱形、杯状、槽形的形状等等。或者例如申请人在中国专利申请公开第CN215684777U号中提供了关于具有内部通道的拱形多孔体的形状，以及度多孔体吸取液体基质和雾化液体基质的配置细节，上述文献全文以参见的方式纳入本文。
以及在实施中，表面320具有大约8～15mm左右的长度尺寸、3～8mm左右的宽度尺寸。以及在实施中，表面320上设置有凹槽321；加热元件40是被装配和保持于凹槽321内的。凹槽321基本是沿表面320的长度方向延伸的。以及，凹槽321的长度和宽度是与加热元件40的长度和宽度相同，或者凹槽321的长度和宽度略微大于加热元件40的长度和宽度；进而使得加热元件40能较为顺畅和紧固地装配和保持于凹槽321内。
以及进一步地参见图3至图4所示，雾化组件的加热元件40是多孔的；加热元件40内部具有微孔孔隙，该加热元件40能进一步地通过与多孔体30接触进而吸取并加热源自多孔体30的液体基质。
以及加热元件40至少部分是裸露于表面320的，以用于释放生成的气溶胶。
或者在又一些变化的实施例中，多孔体30的表面320是平坦的；以及，表面320是没有形成以上凹槽321的。加热元件40直接通过表面贴装、焊接、机械固定或粘结浆料烧结等方式结合于多孔体30的表面320。
以及在一些实施中，加热元件40是薄片的；例如图4所示，加热元件40被构造成是基本薄的片状或板状；薄可以被描述成加热元件40的厚度是小于长度和/或宽度的。以及在图4的实施中，加热元件40具有大约6～14mm的长度尺寸d11、以及2～6mm的宽度尺寸d12；以及，加热元件40大约具有0.2mm～2mm的厚度。使得加热元件40与多孔体30具有大的接触面积，对于
提升液体基质在它们之间的传递效率是有利的；至少对于防止加热元件40吸取液体基质不足时产生干烧是有利的。或者在又一些实施例中，加热元件40是具有更大的厚度的块状体等。
在一些实施例中，加热元件40是非金属的；或者加热元件40中不含有金属元素或金属成分。以及，加热元件40是通过树脂凝胶法制备的非金属多孔加热元件40；例如，加热元件40包括至少包括碳；或者加热元件40还包括非金属氮、或硅。
在一些实施中，加热元件40和多孔体30均是独立制备后，再通过镶嵌或机械固定等方式将加热元件40固定、装配或结合于多孔体30的表面320上内使它们结合一体的。
以及进一步根据图3至图4所示，雾化组件还包括：
电极51和电极52，以用于在加热元件40的长度方向上引导电流；
以及，电极51和电极52至少部分是形成于多孔体30的表面320的。以及在装配后，电极51与加热元件40的部分41的部分表面是接触或导通的；以及，电极52与加热元件40的部分42的部分表面是接触或导通的。以及在装配后，电极51是完全或至少部分覆盖加热元件40的部分41的；以及电极52是完全或至少部分覆盖加热元件40的部分42的。以及，电极51和电极52沿表面320的宽度方向的延伸尺寸是大于加热元件40的宽度尺寸的。
以及，电极51沿宽度方向跨过凹槽321或加热元件40的；电极52沿宽度方向跨过凹槽321或加热元件40的。
以及在实施中，电极51和电极52至少部分在表面320处对加热元件40进行支撑或保持，以将加热元件40紧固地保持于凹槽321内，并阻止加热元件40从凹槽321内脱出。例如在一些实施中，电极51和/或电极52是电极薄片、电极板或电极盘，通过将电极51和/或电极52于表面320上焊接或机械固定等，使电极51和电极52与加热元件40导电。或者在制备中加热元件40的部分41和部分42的裸露表面涂敷导电浆料例如银浆，而后再将电极51和电极52固定于表面320上焊接或机械固定，并使导电浆料固化后形成导电。
或者在又一些实施中，电极51和电极52是印刷或沉积等形成的。例如通过将导电浆料印刷或沉积于表面320上，并使导电浆料至少部分渗入至加热元件40的部分41与凹槽321之间的缝隙、以及渗入部分42与凹槽32之间的缝
隙，而后烧结或固化即可形成电极51和电极52。并且，渗入部分41与凹槽32之间的导电浆料、以及渗入部分42与凹槽32之间的导电浆料烧结或固化后至少部分提供将部分41和/或部分42与多孔体30之间的连接。以及导电浆料形成的电极51和电极52分别是至少部分浸入或渗入部分41和部分42的微孔孔隙内的。
以及在装配后，电极51和电极52是裸露的；则雾化器100的第二电触头21，从远端120伸入至雾化器100内并抵靠于电极51和电极52上形成导通，以用于对加热元件40供电。以及在实施中，加热元件40的部分41和部分42是用于限定加热元件40的电连接区，进而在使用中对加热元件40供电。以及，加热元件40的部分43主要是限定加热液体基质的加热区。
本申请的又一个实施例还提出一种通过树脂凝胶法制备的非金属多孔加热元件40的方法，参见图5所示，包括：
S10，获取能与甲醛进行聚合反应的有机单体；
术语“单体”是有机化学领域名词术语；单体(monomer)是能与同种或他种分子聚合的小分子的统称，是能起聚合反应或缩聚反应等合成高分子化合物的简单化合物，是合成聚合物所用的-低分子的原料。“有机单体”通常即为含碳的单体。
步骤S10中的这一类有机单体例如苯酚、间苯二酚、均苯三酚、尿素、三聚氰胺、甲苯、二甲苯、双氰胺、或者它们的同类型衍生物例如含有硅氧键的衍生物等中的一种或多种。这一类有机碳源能与甲醛进行聚合反应形成聚合树脂；例如苯酚/间苯二酚/均苯三酚能与甲醛缩聚形成酚醛树脂，又例如尿素能与甲醛缩聚形成脲醛树脂，又例如三聚氰胺能与甲醛缩聚形成蜜胺树脂等。
S20，将以上有机单体于液相反应体系中通过酸、碱或金属盐的催化作用下与甲醛发生聚合反应，并通过对反应体系进行相分离以分离得到多孔树脂凝胶产物；
S30，将步骤S20的多孔树脂凝胶干燥后，于真空或者惰性气氛中煅烧炭化，即可制备获得含有碳的多孔加热元件前体；
S40，将多孔加热元件前体按照所需的尺寸或形状进行切割、清洗、除杂、过滤、烘干，之后即获得加热元件40。
步骤S10中所构建的液相反应体系，是通过液相溶剂实现的；通常以水、
甲醇、乙醇等作为酚醛树脂的制备的反应溶剂构建液相反应体系。
或者在又一些实施例中，步骤S10中的有机单体是能与乙醛、丙醛等醛类化合物进行聚合反应的；进而与乙醛、丙醛等醛类化合物聚合生成酚醛树脂凝胶等。
其中，以上步骤S20中，“相分离”是物理化学术语，是指当体系温度、压强等，或组分的比例、兼容性等发生变化时，多组元的体系会分离成分别具有不同组分的几个相；例如，多组元的液相在温度下降时，能分成不相溶混的两个以上的不同组元的液相、或固相和液相等。
进一步，术语“聚合诱导相分离法(polymerization-induced phase separation)”是一种合成多孔材料的化学方法，即是指通过设计前驱液中各个成分的比例，当其中反应物发生聚合反应时，由于聚合度的上升，诱导其与反应体系中其他组成兼容度(混溶性)下降，从而发生相分离，最终以“凝胶”固化的形式将相分离的演化结构“冻结”，从而获得多孔材料的方法。
具体地，例如在步骤S20中，初始阶段包括溶剂、反应物和催化剂的体系基本是处于均相状态；而反应进行中随着树脂产物的生成量增加，树脂产物与反应体系之间的相容性逐渐变差；此时，反应体系在热力学上不再相容，相分离开始发生，由于体系追求最小的表面能，因此相结构会逐步粗大化。
以及在步骤S20的诱导相分离的过程中，可以向体系中添加甲醛以增加甲醛单体的浓度，使体系在诱导相分离过程中相态由分散孔向相反转结构转变时，体系遵循“旋节线降解机理(spinodal decomposition)”增大形成的树脂凝胶中的孔隙和孔径，得到多孔树脂凝胶。诱导相分离的有机单体与甲醛聚合的反应体系中，当甲醛的浓度较低时，形成的是球状颗粒堆积的多孔结构，或骨架较细的三维连通多孔结构；当甲醛的浓度较高时，形成的是孔径较大、骨架较粗的三维连通多孔结构。
以及步骤S20中反应过程中的酸性或金属盐的催化剂都能加快聚合过程中羟甲基化速度。酸性催化剂如盐酸、硝酸等；或者金属盐类催化剂例如氯化铁等。
步骤S30进一步将生成的树脂凝胶干燥后于真空或者惰性气氛中进行煅烧碳化，使凝胶分解形成基本是仅含碳或含碳氮的多孔加热元件前体。“碳化又称炭化、焦化等，是指固体或有机物在无氧化性气氛的条件下加热分解的反应
过程”。碳化的过程是在炭化炉设备中，于惰性气氛或真空条件下升温至500～2000℃下煅烧进行。在一些实施中，步骤S30的碳化过程中的煅烧温度应大于600度，为了保证其电阻率能满足雾化的需要；在又一些实施例中，碳化过程中的煅烧温度应大于或等于900度。
或者在一些具体的实施例中，通过间苯二酚与甲醛的树脂凝胶法制备的非金属多孔加热元件40的方法，包括：
S10，获取间苯二酚；
S20，将1摩尔的间苯二酚溶于200毫升pH为2的稀硝酸中，再加入25～30毫升的乙醇，然后加入2摩尔的甲醛。搅拌至混合均匀之后，放入40度的保温箱静置反应24小时，分离含有树脂产物的液层，并随后经过洗涤、干燥得到多孔树脂。
S30，将多孔树脂放入惰性气氛炉、或者真空炉进行碳化之后可以得到多孔碳的加热元件40。碳化温度条件为：以8度每分钟，升到1500度，保持2小时。
或者在一些具体的实施例中，通过苯酚与甲醛的树脂凝胶法制备的非金属多孔加热元件40的方法，包括：
S10，获取苯酚；
S20，将0.5摩尔的苯酚和0.5摩尔的尿素溶于100～400毫升pH为1～5的稀硝酸中，加入1～100毫升的乙醇，然后加入2摩尔的甲醛。搅拌至混合均匀之后，放入40度的保温箱静置24小时后，得到多孔树脂。
S30，该多孔树脂经过洗涤、干燥、在真空中碳化之后可以得到多孔碳。碳化温度条件为：1～10度每分钟，升到600～2000度，保持1～6小时进行碳化。
或者在一些具体的实施例中，通过间苯二酚与甲醛的树脂凝胶法制备的非金属多孔加热元件40的方法，包括：
S10，获取间苯二酚；
S20，将间苯二酚、甲醛和1M的盐酸溶液三者按照质量比6:6:8混合，再加入与盐酸体积比为1:1.5的乙醇，搅拌至全部溶解构建反应体系；转入冰浴条件诱导下继续进行反应，并在此加入与无水乙醇体积比为1:1质量分数为37％的甲醛溶液，搅拌反应30分钟；观察反应体系的分层现象，待分层基本稳定
后从反应体系将含有树脂溶胶的分离相分离并于模具中老化和成型得到多孔树脂凝胶；
S30，将多孔树脂凝胶置于50℃下干燥24h，再转移至100℃条件下进行进一步干燥6h；再将干燥后的干凝胶于800℃煅烧5h碳化，得到多孔加热元件前体。
在以上具体的实施中，总共的反应物添加量中，间苯二酚与甲醛的摩尔比为1.1～1.8。步骤S20中甲醛分两次投料，一次是在反应体系构建时与间苯二酚一起加入、另一次是在冰浴诱导时投料，分两次投料可减缓反应放热，并降低体系中游离酚的含量。
以及在又一些实施例中，还可以通过调节孔隙率调节电阻率的范围，以及在一个具体的实施例中，于1600℃下煅烧碳化得到的多孔加热元件40的电阻率0.3Ω·mm。将碳化温度提高到2000℃，煅烧碳化得到的多孔加热元件40的电阻率降低至0.1Ω·mm。例如在一些实施例中孔隙率10％的1600℃下煅烧碳化得到的多孔加热元件40的电阻率大约为0.15Ω·mm。
进一步地，以上的制备中通过调整反应体系中溶剂的量和甲醛的量，以调整生成的凝胶中的孔隙和孔径，从而制备获取加热元件40中所需的孔隙和孔径的大小。例如图6中示出了一个实施例中以相对少的甲醛的量制备的加热元件40的剖面在电子显微镜的3000倍放大倍数下的微观形貌图；从图6的剖面中，该实施例的加热元件40中的相连成三维网络的微孔孔径主要是2～4微米。以及，例如图7中示出了又一个实施例中以相对多的甲醛和溶剂的量制备的加热元件40的剖面在电子显微镜的不同倍数下的微观形貌图；从图7的剖面中，该实施例的加热元件40中的相连成三维网络的微孔孔径主要是4～8微米。在一些实施例中，用于缩聚的有机单体与甲醛等醛类化合物的摩尔比为1.1～5.0，对于保持三维网络的微孔孔径是有利的。
或者进一步地图8至图9示出了多个实施例中以不同倍数比例的乙醇溶剂构建反应体系所制备的获得的加热元件40的剖面在电子显微镜的不同倍数下的微观形貌图。不同的倍数比例的溶剂，使得凝胶具有不同的体积，从而使得制备的加热元件40的孔隙和孔径的大小是不同的。例如放大1000倍时，图8中采用较少乙醇溶剂制备的加热元件40的孔隙率和孔径，是大于图9中采用较多倍数乙醇溶剂制备的加热元件40的孔隙率和孔径的。
或者进一步地图10至图12分别示出了以0.2mmol、0.4mmol、0.8mmol的不同浓度氯化铁盐做催化剂，所制备得到的加热元件40的剖面在电子显微镜的不同倍数下的微观形貌图。从图10至图12中可以看出，相对低浓度的金属催化剂，对于产生大孔径是有利的。
在实施例中，多孔的加热元件40内的微孔基本是三维连通的；或者多孔的加热元件40内的微孔是共连续多孔结构(co-continuous structure)或者类旋节线结构(spinodal-like structure)。
以及在实施中，通过调节反应物的量或反应条件或催化剂浓度等使制备获得的多孔加热元件40的孔隙率保持在30～80％。
在一个具体的实施例中，将一个制备的多孔的加热元件40，通过国标GB/T 21650.1-2008压汞法测量一个实施例中制备的加热元件40内部的微孔孔隙的分布参见下表1：
根据以上制备的实施例的加热元件40的压汞法测得的加热元件40的孔隙率为60.9％。以及压汞法所测得的孔径分布中，多孔的加热元件40内的微孔中孔径1微米到10微米之间的微孔占比为91.66％；孔径1微米到10微米之间的微孔占比是大于90％的。以及，加热元件40内的微孔中孔径10微米到20微米之间的微孔占比为0.14％。以及，加热元件40内的微孔中孔径大于20微米的微孔占比为2.37％。以及，加热元件40内的微孔中孔径小于1微米以下的微孔占比为1.01％。
以及，进一步根据以上压汞法所测得的孔径分布中，90％以上的微孔的孔径介于1.6～2.5微米，集中度较高；表明整体加热元件40中的微孔的孔径是比较均匀的。
以及在实施中，多孔的加热元件40内的微孔的平均孔径分布在1微米到10微米；在又一些实施中，多孔的加热元件40内的微孔的平均孔径分布1～4微米是有利的。
或者在又一些变化的实施例中，通过调节制备的反应条件或溶剂的量，使得制备的多孔的加热元件40内孔径为4微米到7微米之间的微孔占比大于85％。
在实施中，多孔的加热元件40基本是多孔碳；以及，多孔的加热元件40的体电阻率在：0.1～1Ω·mm。进一步地，保持多孔的加热元件40的体电阻率在0.5～0.8Ω·mm是有利的。
在实施中，多孔的加热元件40的体积不大于8mm3；进一步地，保持多孔的加热元件40的体积不大于5mm3；对于提升热利用效率减少发散是有利的；以上多孔的加热元件40体积是指表观(宏观)体积。
在实施中，多孔的加热元件40的表观面积应不小于5mm2；进一步地，保持多孔的加热元件40的表观面积应不小于5mm2，对于传递液体基质或热量是有利的。
或者在步骤S30之后、步骤S40之前，将步骤S30制备获得的加热元件前体进行活化处理，使加热元件40的骨架的壁上进一步产生大量的活化的微孔；通过活化产生的微孔孔径通常小于2纳米。在一些实施例中，加热元件前体进行活性处理是于活性的气体例如水蒸气、二氧化碳等气氛下再次煅烧，通过活性气体与加热元件前体的孔隙表面的活性点反应从而活化；或者在又一些实施例中，加热元件前体进行活化处理是将加热元件40于氢氧化钾溶液、氯化锌溶液等中浸泡，使加热元件前体的孔隙表面的活性点反应从而活化。
以及在以上图中可以看出，通过树脂凝胶烧结的加热元件40的多孔骨架表面基本是光滑的，至少比造孔剂烧结形成的骨架表面光滑。
例如图15示出了以上加热元件40在二氧化碳气氛下再次煅烧(煅烧温度1000～1500℃)活化前后的，通过氮气吸脱附仪器测试的加热元件40的氮气吸脱附曲线的对比图。根据图15中的测试的吸脱附曲线对比中，活化前加热元件40的氮气吸脱附曲线为II型等温线，活化后加热元件40的氮气吸脱附曲线为I型等温线。活化之后的，由于加热元件40的骨架表面存在大量的活化孔(<2nm)，在接近0的极低压力区就表现出较大的气体吸附量，进而使吸脱附曲线呈现为I型等温线；而未活化的加热元件40的吸脱附曲线呈现为II型等温线。
以上氮气吸脱附曲线是材料测试领域用于描述多孔材料对氮气物理吸附的
特性的表征曲线；在该表征中，多孔材料的氮气吸脱附曲线被细分为六种类型，分别为I型、II型、III型、IV型、V型、VI型。
在实施中，多孔的加热元件40仅含有碳、氮、硅等无机非金属元素，而不含有金属元素；多孔的加热元件40耐强酸强碱，无金属溶出污染液体基质。当聚合反应中采用金属盐作为催化剂时，加热元件40中仅含有极低量的来自于催化剂的金属离子残留，这些残留的金属成分可以通过浸泡在水，或酸性溶液中取出，因此是基本是可以忽略的；或者加热元件40基本不含有金属元素。
在实施中，多孔的加热元件40的莫氏硬度为2～3，对于减少掉粉是有利的。
以及在实施中，多孔的加热元件40具有的机械强度不小于20MPa。机械强度的测试方法参照国标GB/T 1041-2008实施。
以及在实施中，多孔的加热元件40的体密度为：0.4～1g/cm3。
或者图13示出了又一个变化实施例的雾化组件的示意图。在该实施例中雾化组件包括：
多孔体30a；以及，多孔的加热元件40a。其中，
多孔体30a的表面320a具有沿长度方向相背离的第一侧端和第二侧端；凹槽321a包括靠近第一侧端的区段3210a、靠近第二侧端的区段3230a、以及位于区段3210a和区段3230a之间的区段3220a。加热元件40a是被装配和保持于凹槽321a内的。
以及在该图13的实施例中，加热元件40a的长度尺寸d11可以具有大约6～12mm；以及，加热元件40a的宽度尺寸d12可以具有大约1～4mm；以及，加热元件40a的高度尺寸d13可以具有大约2～6mm；以及加热元件40a的高度尺寸d13是大于加热元件40的宽度尺寸d12的，进而使加热元件40a保持于凹槽321a内时呈竖立或站立的，而非平躺的。或者在更多的变化实施例中，加热元件40a还可以具有圆柱形或截面为多边形的棱柱状等。
以及在实施中，凹槽321a的区段3210a和区段3230a大约具有的宽度尺寸是与加热元件40a的宽度尺寸d12相同的；例如区段3210a和区段3230a具有大约1～4mm的宽度尺寸。以及，区段3220a的宽度尺寸大于区段3210a/区段3230a/加热元件40a的宽度尺寸；在实施中，区段3220a的宽度尺寸大约为3～6mm。
以及，区段3220a的长度尺寸是小于加热元件40a的长度尺寸d11的；以及区段3220a的长度尺寸可以具有大约4～10mm；则在装配后，加热元件40a是沿长度方向跨过区段3220a的。以及装配后，加热元件40a是从区段3210a穿过或延伸至区段3230a的。
以及，加热元件40a包括：
部分41a，靠近并界定加热元件40a长度方向的第一端；在装配后通过与电极接触或覆盖，界定加热元件40a的第一电连接部分；
部分42a，靠近并界定加热元件40a长度方向的第二端；在装配中通过与电极接触或覆盖，界定加热元件40a的第二电连接部分；
部分43a，位于部分41a和部分42a之间；主要用于界定加热元件40a的发热部分。
在装配中，部分41a被容纳和保持于凹槽321a的区段3210a内，以及部分42a被容纳和保持于凹槽321a的区段3230a内；以及部分43a被容纳和保持于凹槽321a的区段3220a内。
以及在装配后，加热元件40a是与多孔体30a的表面320a平齐或比低于表面320a低1～2mm的。以及，加热元件40a至少是不相对于表面320a凸出的。
以及在装配后，区段3220a的内侧表面与加热元件40a主要是部分43a的侧表面之间是非接触的；以及区段3220a的内侧表面与部分43a的侧表面之间具有间距，该间距的宽度大约1～2mm。间距是在加热元件40a的部分43a的宽度方向的两侧界定，进而以用于提供加热元件40a释放气溶胶的空间。
以及进一步参见图13所示，凹槽321a的深度沿长度方向基本是恒定的，且凹槽321a的深度基本是与加热元件40a的高度尺寸d13是相等的。则装配后，加热元件40a的下端面是与凹槽321a的底壁贴合或接触的，以用于吸取液体基质。以及在装配后，加热元件40a的上端面基本是裸露的。以及，部分43a与多孔体30a的接触的面积小于部分43a的外表面积的25％；对于限制接触减少热量传递是有利的。
或者图14示出了又一个变化实施例的多孔的加热元件40b的示意图；在该实施例中，在片状的多孔加热元件40b上设置有沿厚度方向贯穿该加热元件40b的通孔45b。具体地：
加热元件40b沿厚度方向的表面410b是与多孔体30贴合或结合或接触的
表面；以及，表面420b是裸露的表面。以及，在接触的过程中，从多孔体30吸收的的液体基质由加热元件40b的表面410b传递至表面420b上。在传递的过程中，加热元件40b的中央区域44b内接收到的液体基质的传递是显著地低于外围的边缘区域的。则通过在该中央区域44b上设置厚度方向贯穿的通孔45b，对于提升液体基质在中央区域44b的表面420b是有利的。
以及在实施例中，通孔45b是靠近加热元件40b的几何中心的。
以及在实施例中，通孔45b的数量可以包括一个或多个。
以及在实施例中，通孔45b是预定的方向例如厚度方向布置的；或者通孔45b是有序地延伸或布置的。以及，加热元件40b内的微孔是无需地布置的。
以及在实施例中，通孔45b是通过激光打孔、腐蚀等方式形成的。
以及在实施例中，通孔45b的直径是大于加热元件40b内的微孔的孔径的。以及在实施例中，通过激光等方式形成的通孔45b的直径大约可以介于0.05～1.0mm。优选地，通孔45b的直径大约为0.1～0.5mm。以及在实施例中，通过激光打孔或致孔等方式形成的相对较大直径的通孔45b是肉眼可见的。
以及在实施例中，中央区域44b沿长度方向与加热元件40b的第一侧端和/或第二侧端的距离d13基本为加热元件40b的长度尺寸d11的1/2。或者，中央区域44b沿宽度方向与加热元件40b的上侧端和/或下侧端的距离d14基本为加热元件40b的宽度尺寸d12的1/2。
或者在又一些变化的实施例中，加热元件40b的中央区域44b之外的其他部分也可以通过激光打孔等形成贯穿加热元件40b的通孔45b，对于在加热过程中使液体基质快速地补充至加热元件40b内阻止干烧是有利的。或者，加热元件40b的任意区域均可以形成以上通孔45b。
需要说明的是，本申请的说明书及其附图中给出了本申请的较佳的实施例，但并不限于本说明书所描述的实施例，进一步地，对本领域普通技术人员来说，可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换，而所有这些改进和变换都应属于本申请所附权利要求的保护范围。
Claims (33)
- 一种雾化器，其特征在于，包括：储液腔，用于存储液体基质；多孔体，与所述储液腔流体连通以接收液体基质；加热元件，至少部分与所述多孔体是接触的；所述加热元件是多孔的，以用于从所述多孔体吸取液体基质并加热所吸取的液体基质生成气溶胶；所述加热元件是由多孔树脂凝胶碳化获得的。
- 如权利要求1所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述加热元件不包括金属元素；或者，所述加热元件是非金属的。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述加热元件包括碳。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述加热元件还包括氮或硅。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述加热元件的孔隙率介于30～80％。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述加热元件内的微孔的平均孔径介于1微米到10微米。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述加热元件的体积不大于8mm3。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述加热元件的体密度为0.4～1g/cm3。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述加热元件的机械强 度不小于20MPa。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述加热元件的莫氏硬度为2～3。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述加热元件内的微孔基本是三维连通的。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述加热元件的至少部分是裸露于所述多孔体表面的，以用于生成释放气溶胶。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述加热元件的体电阻率介于0.1～1Ω·mm。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述多孔树脂凝胶是由能与甲醛进行聚合的有机单体、甲醛进行聚合反应，并通过相分离将树脂产物从反应体系分离获得的。
- 如权利要求14所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述有机单体包括苯酚、间苯二酚、均苯三酚、尿素、三聚氰胺、双氰胺、或它们衍生物中的至少一种。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述加热元件上还设置有沿预定方向有序地布置的通孔。
- 如权利要求16所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述通孔沿所述加热元件的厚度方向贯穿所述加热元件。
- 如权利要求16所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述通孔的孔径大于所述加热元件内的微孔的孔径；和/或，所述通孔的直径介于0.05～1.0mm。
- 如权利要求16所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述通孔是肉眼可见的。
- 如权利要求16所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述加热元件是片状的；所述通孔至少位于所述加热元件的中央区域。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述加热元件具有界定内部微孔的骨架，该骨架的表面上具有小于2nm的活化孔。
- 如权利要求21所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述活化孔是通过将所述加热元件进行活化处理形成的；所述活化处理包括将所述加热元件于活性气体气氛中煅烧，或者将所述加热元件于活性溶液中浸泡；所述活性气体包括水蒸气或二氧化碳，所述活性溶液包括氢氧化钾或氯化锌。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述加热元件的氮气吸脱附曲线为I型等温线。
- 一种电子雾化装置，其特征在于，包括雾化液体基质生成气溶胶的雾化器、以及为所述雾化器供电的电源机构；所述雾化器包括权利要求1至23任一项所述的雾化器。
- 一种雾化器，其特征在于，包括：储液腔，用于存储液体基质；多孔体，与所述储液腔流体连通以接收液体基质；加热元件，至少部分与所述多孔体是接触的；所述加热元件是多孔的，以用于从所述多孔体吸取液体基质并加热所吸取的液体基质生成气溶胶；所述加热元件的体电阻率介于0.1～1Ω·mm。
- 一种雾化器，其特征在于，包括：储液腔，用于存储液体基质；多孔体，与所述储液腔流体连通以接收液体基质；加热元件，至少部分与所述多孔体是接触的；所述加热元件是多孔的，以用于从所述多孔体吸取液体基质并加热所吸取的液体基质生成气溶胶；所述加热元件包括：非金属的骨架，以及形成于所述骨架之间的微孔；所述骨架是导电的；所述骨架的表面是光滑的。
- 一种雾化器，其特征在于，包括：储液腔，用于存储液体基质；多孔体，与所述储液腔流体连通以接收液体基质；加热元件，至少部分与所述多孔体是接触的；所述加热元件是多孔的，以用于从所述多孔体吸取液体基质并加热所吸取的液体基质生成气溶胶；所述加热元件内具有无序地分布的微孔，该微孔的平均孔径介于1微米到10微米；所述加热元件上还设置有至少一个沿预定方向贯穿所述加热元件的通孔，所述通孔的直径大于所述微孔的平均孔径。
- 如权利要求27所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述通孔沿所述加热元件的厚度方向贯穿所述加热元件。
- 如权利要求27所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述通孔是通过激光打孔形成的。
- 如权利要求27所述的雾化器，其特征在于，所述加热元件是片状的；所述通孔至少位于所述加热元件的中央区域；和/或，所述通孔靠近所述加热元件的几何中心。
- 一种用于电子雾化装置的雾化组件，其特征在于，包括：多孔体；非金属的加热元件，至少部分与所述多孔体是接触的；所述加热元件是多孔的，以用于从所述多孔体吸取液体基质并加热所吸取的液体基质生成气溶胶； 所述加热元件是由多孔树脂凝胶碳化获得的。
- 一种雾化组件的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：将能与醛类化合物进行聚合的有机单体、醛类化合物进行聚合反应，并通过相分离使聚合反应的树脂产物从反应体系中分离，获得多孔树脂凝胶；将所述多孔树脂凝胶碳化，获得加热元件；获取多孔体，并将所述加热元件结合于所述多孔体上。
- 如权利要求32所述的雾化组件的制备方法，其特征在于，所述有机单体与醛类化合物的摩尔比为1.1～5.0。
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| CN113072390A (zh) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-07-06 | 上海梦泺企业管理咨询有限公司 | 一种多孔陶瓷加热体及其制备方法 |
| CN113796588A (zh) * | 2021-10-12 | 2021-12-17 | 松山湖材料实验室 | 多孔碳发热体及其制备方法、电加热雾化芯及电子烟 |
| CN114652017A (zh) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-06-24 | 深圳市合元科技有限公司 | 雾化器及电子雾化装置 |
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- 2022-08-18 CN CN202210993908.1A patent/CN117617556A/zh active Pending
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- 2023-07-28 WO PCT/CN2023/109805 patent/WO2024037310A1/zh unknown
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| CN113072390A (zh) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-07-06 | 上海梦泺企业管理咨询有限公司 | 一种多孔陶瓷加热体及其制备方法 |
| CN113796588A (zh) * | 2021-10-12 | 2021-12-17 | 松山湖材料实验室 | 多孔碳发热体及其制备方法、电加热雾化芯及电子烟 |
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