WO2024037039A1 - 一种发声装置及电子设备 - Google Patents

一种发声装置及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024037039A1
WO2024037039A1 PCT/CN2023/091325 CN2023091325W WO2024037039A1 WO 2024037039 A1 WO2024037039 A1 WO 2024037039A1 CN 2023091325 W CN2023091325 W CN 2023091325W WO 2024037039 A1 WO2024037039 A1 WO 2024037039A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sound
sealing
speaker
area
frame
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/091325
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡井涛
曹禹堡
王旭阳
汪源
Original Assignee
荣耀终端有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 荣耀终端有限公司 filed Critical 荣耀终端有限公司
Publication of WO2024037039A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024037039A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
    • H04R2400/11—Aspects regarding the frame of loudspeaker transducers

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of terminal technology, and in particular, to a sound-generating device and electronic equipment.
  • the electronic device is equipped with a speaker for playing audio.
  • the speaker includes a sound cavity and a sound outlet channel.
  • the sound emitted by the speaker passes through the interconnected sound cavity and sound outlet channel and is transmitted from the sound outlet opened in the middle frame to realize the sound of the electronic device. Put outside. If the height of the front cavity in the sound cavity is low and the area of the sound channel is small, the flow velocity and eddy current during sound transmission will increase, which will lead to abnormal audio playback, such as noise, abnormally small sound, or uneven sound playback, etc. Affect the user's sense of hearing.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a sound-generating device and electronic equipment that can increase the height of the front cavity of the speaker and the area of the sound channel, and improve the audio playback quality of the speaker and the user's listening experience.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a sound-generating device, a speaker, a middle frame and a screen assembly;
  • the middle frame includes a mounting plane and a frame; the frame is located at the edge of the mounting plane, and the mounting plane is provided with mounting holes;
  • the speaker is arranged on the mounting plane on one side and located in the projection area of the mounting hole;
  • the screen component is arranged on the other side of the mounting plane and located in the projection area of the mounting hole;
  • the speaker and the screen component are connected through the mounting hole and are spaced apart to form the front cavity of the speaker;
  • the frame is provided with a sound outlet, and the speaker is also provided with a sound outlet slope; the sound outlet slope is located between the sound outlet and the front cavity, and faces the installation plane. There is an interval between the sound outlet slope, the installation plane and the screen component, forming a connection with the front cavity.
  • the sound outlet channel that connects the cavity and the sound outlet hole.
  • the speaker is provided with a sound-emitting slope facing the installation plane and spaced between the installation plane and the screen assembly. That is, the sound-emitting slope is tilted away from the screen assembly, so that the sound-emitting slope, the middle frame, and the screen assembly form a more open sound-emitting slope.
  • the sound channel increases the sound channel area.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not increase the thickness of the sound-generating device and the electronic equipment using the sound-generating device, and can reduce the weight of the sound-generating device and the electronic equipment.
  • the frame includes a first end away from the screen assembly and a second end connected to the screen assembly; the first end of the frame is provided with a first snap-in portion; and the second end of the frame is provided with a second snap-in connection. part, the screen component is connected to the second clamping part; the sound hole is located between the first clamping part and the second clamping part.
  • the sealing component is disposed between the speaker and the frame; the sealing component sequentially includes a first sealing area, a sound output area and a second sealing area from the first end to the second end along the frame; the speaker is connected to the first card
  • the connecting part is connected through the first sealing area; the screen assembly and the second sealing area are connected through the second snap-in part; the sound output area corresponds to the position of the sound output hole, so that the sound is emitted from the The sound from the channel penetrates the sound area and enters the sound hole.
  • the sealing component is divided into the above three areas.
  • the sound output area corresponds to the position of the sound hole, so that the speaker emits After the sound passes through the front cavity and the sound outlet channel, it can pass through the sound outlet area of the sealing component, and then be transmitted from the sound outlet to the outside of the electronic device, and the sealing width of the sound outlet channel is increased, thereby improving the sealing performance.
  • a transition portion is provided on the side of the second clamping portion facing the sound passage, and the transition portion is an arc-shaped structure; a transition portion is provided at the junction between the sound producing area of the sealing component and the second sealing area.
  • the transition angle matches the transition part, and the transition angle is greater than or equal to 90 degrees; the area of the sealing component provided with the transition angle is matched with the transition part. In this way, through the cooperation between the transition part and the transition area, the stability of the connection between the sealing component and the middle frame can be improved, and the sealing performance of the sound channel can be improved. Setting the transition angle to be greater than or equal to 90 degrees can make the gap between the sound-emitting slope and the sealing component The space is wider, thus increasing the sound channel area.
  • the sealing assembly includes a protective layer, a first adhesive layer, a reinforcement layer, and a second adhesive layer stacked in sequence; the first adhesive layer, the reinforcement layer, and the second adhesive layer are hollow in the sound emission area. structure.
  • the first adhesive layer, the reinforcement layer and the second adhesive layer only cover the non-sound-emitting area, and the sound-emitting area only covers the protective layer, thereby achieving a dust-proof and waterproof sealing protection effect and reducing the noise level.
  • the sound-emitting slope includes a support surface disposed opposite to the first clamping portion; the sound-emitting slope support surface and the first clamping portion are connected through the first sealing area. In this way, providing a support surface on the sound-emitting slope can facilitate the sealing of the sound-emitting channel, ensure the tightness of the sealing assembly, increase the front cavity space and the area of the sound-emitting channel, and improve the audio playback quality of the sound-generating device.
  • a first protruding portion and a second protruding portion are provided on a side of the first latch portion facing the mounting hole; the first protruding portion is inclined away from the screen assembly, and the second protruding portion is inclined toward the screen assembly.
  • the direction close to the screen assembly is tilted; the supporting surface and the first sealing area are clamped between the first protruding portion and the second protruding portion.
  • the support surface of the speaker and the sealing component are clamped between the first protruding part and the second protruding part, preventing the speaker and the sealing component from loosening or moving, and ensuring the connection between the speaker, the sealing component and the middle frame. Tightness and sealing.
  • the speaker includes a speaker body and a frame for supporting the speaker body; the mounting plane is also provided with a boss located on the periphery of the mounting hole, and the boss is connected to the second clamping portion; the frame is fixed on the boss, The speaker body is suspended inside the installation hole, and the front cavity is formed by the gap between the speaker body and the screen assembly; at least one limit block is provided at one end of the second clamping portion close to the installation hole, and the limit block is used to The second sealing area is limited. In this way, through the cooperation of the boss and the frame, the speaker body is fixed and suspended in the mounting hole.
  • the mounting hole has a through-hole structure.
  • the limiting block cooperates with the first protruding part and the second protruding part, so that the sealing component is tightly fixed between the first snap-in part and the second snap-in part, thereby preventing the sealing component from being displaced. This provides reliable sealing for the sound outlet channel.
  • the sound-generating device further includes: a first sealing member and a second sealing member; the first sealing member is disposed between the mounting plane and the screen assembly; the second sealing member is at least distributed between the supporting surface and the first sealing area. between the boss and the frame.
  • the first sealing member is used for sealing between the speaker and the screen assembly
  • the second sealing member is used for sealing connection between the overall outer contour of the speaker and the middle frame, thereby improving the sealing and protection performance of the speaker.
  • embodiments of the present application further provide an electronic device, including the sound-generating device of the above-mentioned first aspect and its various implementations.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a traditional sound-generating device
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a speaker in a sound-generating device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a middle frame in a sound-generating device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional assembly diagram of the middle frame and sealing assembly in a sound-generating device provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 6 is an assembly rendering of the middle frame and sealing assembly in a sound-generating device provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a sealing assembly in a sound-generating device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional assembly diagram of a speaker, a sealing assembly and a middle frame in a sound-generating device provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall assembly structure of a sound-generating device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a first sealing member provided between the middle frame and the screen assembly in a sound-generating device provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a second sealing member provided between the speaker and the middle frame in a sound-generating device provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 12 is a flow chart of a sound-generating device installation method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 1 provides a schematic diagram of an electronic device.
  • the electronic device may include a screen assembly, a middle frame, and a back shell.
  • the middle frame can be used to install and fix components inside the electronic device, such as speakers, batteries, circuit boards and buttons (including on/off keys, volume keys), etc.
  • the middle frame is provided with a sound hole, and the sound-generating device is installed inside the electronic device at a position connected to the sound hole, so that the sound emitted by the sound-generating device is transmitted to the outside of the electronic device through the sound hole.
  • the position of the sound hole on the middle frame and the installation position of the sound-generating device in the electronic device are not limited to the example in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a traditional sound-generating device.
  • the sound-generating device includes a speaker body 101 and a bottom plate 102 for supporting the speaker body 101 .
  • the speaker body 101 and the bottom plate 102 are distributed along the Z-axis direction.
  • the bottom plate 102 includes a front cavity steel sheet 102a, a first component 102b and a second component 102c.
  • the first component 102b is connected to the bottom of the speaker body 101, and the second component 102c is connected to the front cavity steel sheet 102a, so that the sound output side 103a of the front cavity 103 is formed by the first component 102b and The second component 102c constitutes the sound output channel 104.
  • the sound output channel 104 is connected with the front cavity 103 to form a propagation path of sound waves in the sound-generating device.
  • the sound cavity of the sound-generating device may include a front cavity 103 and a rear cavity (not shown in the figure) to improve the audio playback quality of the sound-generating device.
  • the front cavity 103 is used to generate a high-frequency cutoff frequency and high-frequency peak for sound, which can increase the intermediate frequency, reduce high-frequency noise, reduce high-frequency band extension, and improve sound conversion efficiency.
  • the rear cavity is used to prevent mid- and low-frequency sounds from short-circuiting, enhance the strength of low-frequency sounds, and make the sound more mellow. This application does not limit the structure of the rear cavity.
  • the middle frame of the electronic device is provided with a After the sound emitting device is installed on the middle frame, the sound outlet channel 104 can be connected with the sound outlet. In this way, the sound emitted by the speaker body 101 passes through the front cavity 103 and the sound outlet channel 104, and finally spreads from the sound outlet to the electronics. outside the device, thereby achieving external sound amplification of electronic devices.
  • one end of the sound channel 104 used to communicate with the sound hole of the middle frame can be provided with a sealing component 4.
  • the sealing component 4 can fill the gap between the sound channel 104 and the middle frame to achieve sound isolation.
  • the channel 104 is sealed to prevent water, dust and other foreign matter from entering the speaker and electronic equipment through the sound hole.
  • the sealing assembly 4 should have sufficient sealing width along the Z-axis direction to achieve good sealing effect.
  • the front cavity steel sheet 102a Due to the limited thickness of the entire electronic equipment, the front cavity steel sheet 102a itself has a certain thickness, and at the same time, taking into account the installation space of other components inside the electronic equipment, the front cavity height H q and the sound channel area of the sound-generating device are small, resulting in sound
  • the flow velocity and eddy current during the transmission process increase, which in turn causes audio playback abnormalities, such as noise, abnormally low sound, or uneven sound playback, which affects the user's listening experience.
  • the sound-generating device can be used in various types of electronic equipment to realize the audio playback function of the electronic equipment.
  • electronic devices include but are not limited to mobile phones (including folding screen mobile phones), tablet computers, laptops, large-screen devices (such as smart TVs, smart screens), personal computers (persona1computer, PC), handheld computers, netbooks, personal digital Assistant (personal digital assistant, PDA), wearable electronic devices, vehicle-mounted devices, virtual reality devices and other devices.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a speaker in a sound-generating device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the speaker 1 includes a speaker body 101 .
  • the display screen 301 and the speaker body 101 have a height difference in the Z-axis direction to form the front cavity 103 of the speaker 1 .
  • the speaker 1 may be provided with a sound-emitting slope 105.
  • the sound-emitting slope 105 is located between the sound-emitting hole and the front cavity 103 in the X-axis direction.
  • the sound-emitting slope 105 and the display screen 301 are spaced in the Z-axis direction to form a
  • the sound outlet channel 104 is connected with the front cavity 103 and the sound outlet.
  • the speaker 1 also includes a frame 107 for supporting the speaker body 101 .
  • the sound emitting slope 105 is provided at one end of the frame 107 close to the sound emitting side 103 a of the front cavity 103 .
  • the sound emitting slope is 105 is tilted away from the display screen 301 and forms a first angle ⁇ with a surface supporting the speaker 1 facing the display screen 301 .
  • a support surface 106 is provided at one end of the sound-emitting slope 105 away from the front cavity 103 .
  • the support surface 106 is inclined away from the display screen 301 and forms a second angle ⁇ with the surface supporting the speaker 1 facing the display screen 301 .
  • the second angle ⁇ can be greater than the first angle ⁇ to increase the front cavity space and the area of the sound outlet channel, facilitate the sealing of the sound outlet channel, and ensure the tightness of the sealing assembly.
  • the sound-generating device provided by the embodiment of the present application eliminates the front cavity steel piece 102a, thereby changing the front cavity 103 from a closed type to an open type, and increasing the height of the front cavity.
  • the sound-generating device provided by the embodiment of the present application also cancels the second component 102c and removes the entity below the sound-emitting channel 104, thereby increasing the area of the sound-emitting channel below the sound-emitting slope 105. It can be seen that the sound-generating device provided by the embodiments of the present application increases the height of the front cavity and the area of the sound channel, improves the audio playback effect of the speaker, and reduces the weight of the sound-generating device and electronic equipment.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a middle frame in a sound-generating device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the middle frame 2 includes a frame 201. At least one sound hole 204 can be opened on the frame 201.
  • the sound hole 204 is located in the projection area of the sound channel in the middle frame 2.
  • the sound hole 204 Used to transmit the sound from speaker 1 to the outside of the electronic device.
  • the middle frame 2 is provided with multiple sound holes 204
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the arrangement form of the multiple sound holes 204.
  • multiple sound holes 204 may be distributed in a single row array.
  • the plurality of sound holes 204 may be distributed in a multi-row array.
  • the sound hole 204 may be configured as a round hole, a square hole, or a through hole in other shapes, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the middle frame 2 also includes a mounting plane 202 , and the frame 201 is located at the edge of the mounting plane 202 .
  • the mounting plane 202 is provided with mounting holes 203 for mounting the speaker 1 .
  • the mounting hole 203 corresponds to the position of the sound hole 204 in the Y-axis direction.
  • the speaker 1 is arranged on one side of the mounting plane 202 and is located in the projection area of the mounting hole 203 in the Z-axis direction, so that the speaker 1 is placed on the installation surface.
  • the sound outlet channel 104 can cover and communicate with the sound outlet 204.
  • the shape and size of the mounting hole 203 match the shape and size of the speaker 1 to ensure the stability and sealing of the speaker 1 assembly.
  • the screen assembly 3 is disposed on the other side of the mounting plane 202 , and the screen assembly 3 is located in the projection area of the mounting hole 203 , and the speaker 1 and the screen assembly 3 are connected through the mounting hole 203 They are connected and spaced apart to form the front cavity 103 of the speaker 1 .
  • the sound emitting slope 105 faces the direction of the mounting plane 202, and the sound emitting slope 105 is spaced from the mounting plane 202 and the screen assembly 3 in the Z-axis direction, forming a connection with the front cavity 103 and the outlet.
  • the sound output channel 104 is connected with the sound hole 204.
  • the side of the middle frame 2 of the screen assembly 3 facing away from the front cavity 103 and the sound outlet channel 104 is connected to the back shell (not shown in the figure) of the electronic device, thereby fixing the speakers and other components inside the electronic device, and realizing the electronic device The whole machine package.
  • the mounting hole 203 penetrates the mounting plane 202 along the Z-axis direction, so that when the speaker 1 is placed in the mounting hole 203, there is no obstacle or obstruction between the speaker body 101 and the screen assembly 3, thereby increasing the height of the front cavity.
  • the screen component 3 may include an inner screen and an outer screen.
  • the inner screen is used to display images (ie, the display screen 301), and the outer screen is arranged outside the inner screen.
  • the external screen may include a cover and a touch panel (ie, a touch screen), so that the screen component 3 supports the touch function.
  • the outer screen may include a cover instead of a touch panel. In this way, the outer screen may be used to protect the inner screen and avoid damage to the inner screen.
  • the installation plane 202 of the middle frame 2 is connected to the inner screen of the screen assembly 3 .
  • the frame 201 includes a first end 205 away from the screen assembly 3 in the Z-axis direction, and a second end 206 connected to the screen assembly 3 .
  • the first end 205 of the frame 201 is provided with a first clamping portion 207 , and the first clamping portion 207 is used to connect the sealing component 4 and the supporting surface 106 of the speaker 1 .
  • the side of the first engaging portion 207 facing the mounting hole 203 is provided with a first protruding portion 207a and a second protruding portion 207b distributed along the Y-axis direction.
  • the first protruding part 207a is inclined away from the screen assembly 3, and the second protruding part 207b is inclined toward the screen assembly 3, thereby forming a gap between the first protruding part 207a and the second protruding part 207b.
  • the included angle ⁇ allows the support surface 106 of the speaker 1 and the sealing component 4 to be clamped between the first protruding portion 207a and the second protruding portion 207b to prevent the speaker 1 and the sealing component 4 from loosening or moving.
  • the angle ⁇ is not limited, for example, the folding angle ⁇ is set to 90°.
  • the second end 206 of the frame 201 is provided with a second engaging portion 208 , and the screen assembly 3 is connected to the second engaging portion 208 .
  • the second clamping portion 208 is used to connect the sealing component 4 .
  • the sound hole 204 is located between the first clamping part 207 and the second clamping part 208 in the Z-axis direction.
  • the mounting plane 202 is also provided with a boss 210 located on the periphery of the mounting hole 203 , and the boss 210 is connected with the second engaging portion 208 .
  • the speaker 1 When the speaker 1 is placed in the installation hole 203 , the speaker body 101 is located inside the installation hole 203 , and the boss 210 is used to support the frame 107 of the speaker 1 .
  • the speaker 1 can be fixed on the mounting hole 203 of the middle frame 2 with the cooperation of the first snapping part 207, the second snapping part 208 and the boss 210, and the speaker body 101 is suspended inside the mounting hole 203, and With the cooperation of the screen assembly 3 and the rear shell, a sealed front cavity 103 is formed. In this way, the sound emitted by the speaker 1 can be transmitted outward through the front cavity 103 and the sound outlet channel 104, and finally transmitted from the sound outlet 204 to the outside of the electronic device.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic assembly diagram of a middle frame and a sealing assembly in a sound-generating device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the sealing component 4 can be disposed between the speaker 1 and the frame 201.
  • the sealing component 4 can be divided into three areas along the first end 205 to the second end 206 of the frame 201, namely the first sealing area 401, the sound output area 401, and the sound output area 401. area 402 and a second sealing area 403.
  • the first sealing area 401 corresponds to the position of the first clamping portion 207 in the Z-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, and is used to seal the side of the sound channel 104 close to the second protruding portion 207b.
  • the second sealing area 403 corresponds to the position of the second clamping portion 208 in the Z-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, and is used to seal the side of the sound channel 104 close to the second end 206 of the middle frame 2 .
  • the sound output area 402 corresponds to the position of the hole array formed by the plurality of sound output holes 204 in the Z-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, that is, the sound output area 402 covers all the sound output holes 204 in the Z-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, so that The sound transmitted through the sound channel 104 can penetrate the sound area, enter the sound holes 204, and be transmitted from each sound hole 204.
  • the first sealing area 401 and the second sealing area 403 have sufficient sealing width on both sides of the sound outlet channel 104 in the Z-axis direction to ensure the sealing performance of the sound outlet channel and prevent sound leakage from the speaker and foreign matter such as water and dust to the electronic equipment. Penetrate and improve the audio playback quality of the speaker.
  • the first sealing area 401 is connected to the first clamping part 207
  • the second sealing area 403 of the sealing assembly 4 is connected to the second clamping part 208 .
  • the sound output area 402 corresponding to the sound hole 204 on the sealing component 4 can be sealed in a non-airtight manner, for example, only an anti-sound seal can be provided. Dust web.
  • the assembly effect of the sealing component 4 and the middle frame 2 is shown in Figure 6.
  • a transition portion 209 can be provided on the side of the second clamping portion 208 facing the sound channel 104 .
  • the transition portion 209 may be configured as a smooth arc-shaped structure.
  • At least one limiting block 211 can be provided at one end of the second clamping portion 208 close to the mounting hole 203 .
  • the limiting block 211 is used to limit the second sealing area 403 of the sealing assembly 4 .
  • the sealing assembly 4 is fixed between the first engaging portion 207 and the second engaging portion 208. time to prevent the sealing component 4 from being displaced, thereby providing reliable sealing for the sound outlet channel 104.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a sealing component in a sound-generating device according to an embodiment of the present application. Among them, view (a) of FIG. 7 shows the overall structure of the sealing assembly, and view (b) of FIG. 7 shows the cross-sectional structure of the sealing assembly.
  • the sealing component 4 can be configured as a curved structure, and a transition angle 404 matching the transition portion 209 is provided at the junction of the second sealing area 403 and the sound output area 402. In this way, the sealing component 4 has a transition The transition area corresponding to the corner 404 is cooperatively connected with the transition portion 209, which can improve the stability of the connection between the sealing component 4 and the middle frame 2, and improve the sealing performance of the sound channel.
  • the sealing assembly 4 may include a protective layer 405 , a first adhesive layer 406 , a reinforcement layer 407 and a second adhesive layer 408 stacked in sequence.
  • the thickness of each layer in the sealing component 4 is not limited and can be set according to the requirements on sealing performance, connection strength, weight, etc.
  • the protective layer 405 can be made of a dust-proof net to prevent dust.
  • the dust-proof net can be made of metal, plastic or other materials.
  • the first adhesive layer 406 is used to bond the protective layer 405 and the reinforcement layer 407
  • the second adhesive layer 408 is used to bond the reinforcement layer 407 and the first clamping portion 207 .
  • the first adhesive layer 406 and the second adhesive layer 408 may be made of materials with good adhesion and adhesion properties, such as back glue, double-sided tape, etc.
  • the reinforcement layer 407 can improve the overall strength and sealing performance of the sealing component 4 and avoid problems such as deformation of the sealing component 4, loose sealing of the adhesive layer, and wrinkles in the dustproof net.
  • the reinforcement layer 407 can be made of metal, such as steel sheets, stainless steel, etc. .
  • the protective layer 405 covers the sound emitting area 402 and the non-sound emitting area, where the non-sound emitting area includes a first sealing area 401 and a second sealing area 403 .
  • the first adhesive layer 406, the reinforcement layer 407 and the second adhesive layer 408 have a hollow structure in the sound emission area 402, that is, the first adhesive layer 406, the reinforcement layer 407 and the second adhesive layer 408 only cover the non-sound emission area. , in this way, the sound output area 402 only covers the protective layer 405 , achieving a dustproof and waterproof sealing protection effect, and reducing the loss generated when sound passes through the sound output area of the sealing component 4 .
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional assembly diagram of a speaker, a sealing assembly and a middle frame in a sound-generating device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the speaker 1 and the first clamping part 207 are connected through the first sealing area 401 .
  • the first engaging portion 207 of the middle frame 2 engages with the supporting surface 106 of the speaker 1 , and the supporting surface 106 is connected to the first sealing area 401 of the sealing assembly 4 .
  • the front cavity 103, the sound outlet channel 104 and the sound outlet hole 204 below the sound outlet slope 105 form a sound propagation path.
  • the sound emitted by the speaker body 101 passes through the front cavity 103 and the sound outlet channel 104, and penetrates the protective layer 405 of the sealing assembly 4. Finally, it comes out from the sound hole 204.
  • the support surface 106 on the sound-emitting slope 105 is opposite to the first snap-in part 207 , and the support surface 106 and the first snap-in part 207 are connected through the first sealing area 401 .
  • the inclination angle ⁇ of the supporting surface 106 should be equal to the inclination angle ⁇ of the first sealing area 401 .
  • the first sealing area 401 and the sound emitting area 402 have the same inclination angle.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ should be equal to the inclination angle ⁇ of the end surface of the second protruding portion 207b. Therefore, the inclination angle ⁇ , the inclination angle ⁇ and the inclination angle ⁇ are related and consistent. If the inclination angle after the second sealing area 403 and the second clamping portion 208 are fixedly connected is 0°, and ⁇ is used to represent the angle of the transition angle 404, then the size of the transition angle ⁇ will directly affect the inclination angle ⁇ .
  • the transition angle ⁇ can be set to be greater than or equal to 90°, so that the space between the sound emitting slope 105 and the sealing component 4 is wider, thereby increasing the area of the sound emitting channel.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall assembly structure of a sound-generating device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the supporting surface 106 of the speaker 1 and the first clamping portion 207 are connected through the first sealing area 401 .
  • the screen assembly 3 and the second sealing area 403 are connected through the second clamping portion 208.
  • the height H q of the front cavity is the ratio between the speaker body 101 and the screen assembly 3
  • the height difference between them, without affecting the thickness of the electronic device body and the speaker body 101, the height increase of this open front cavity is equal to the thickness of the front cavity steel sheet 102a, which increases the height of the front cavity.
  • the sound emitting slope 105, the sealing component 4, the middle frame 2 and the screen component 3 form a sealed sound emitting channel 104.
  • the sealing component 4 By arranging the sealing component 4 with a transition angle ⁇ , appropriately increasing the first angle ⁇ of the sound-emitting slope 105, and canceling the second component 102c and other structural designs, it is possible to not only increase the area of the sound-emitting channel, reduce the flow velocity and vortex, and improve The audio playback quality of the speaker can also ensure that the sound channel 104 has sufficient sealing width in the Z-axis direction to improve the sealing performance and avoid sound leakage from the speaker and component failure caused by electronic equipment being immersed by foreign matter.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 are schematic diagram of a first sealing member provided between the middle frame and the screen assembly in a sound-generating device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • a first seal 5 is provided between the mounting plane 202 and the screen assembly 3 .
  • the first sealing member 5 at least does not cover the front cavity 103 and the sound outlet channel 104 of the speaker 1 to ensure that the height of the front cavity and the area of the sound outlet channel are not reduced.
  • the coverage of the first seal 5 can be designed based on the types, installation locations, performance requirements, sealing requirements, etc. of the components on the middle frame 2 .
  • the first sealing member 5 can be made of foam material.
  • the foam has elasticity.
  • foam By compressing the foam, a certain amount of compression is applied to the foam to fully activate the sealing performance of the foam.
  • the compression amount of the foam can be set to greater than or equal to 50%.
  • foam also has the characteristics of anti-vibration, thin volume, and light weight. It can not only improve the sealing performance of the speaker, but also help reduce the weight of electronic equipment.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a second sealing member provided between a speaker and a middle frame in a sound-generating device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • a second seal 6 can be provided between the speaker 1 and the middle frame 2.
  • the second seal 6 is at least distributed in: the contact area 6a between the support surface 106 and the first sealing area 401, and the boss 210 pairs with the frame of the speaker 1 The support area 6b of the frame 107.
  • the second sealing member 6 may also be made of foam material, and the compression amount of the foam may be set to be greater than or equal to 50%.
  • the speaker 1 and other components and modules contained in the electronic device can be installed on the middle frame 2 between the screen assembly 3 and the back shell.
  • components such as a motherboard, memory, battery, camera, sound collector, etc. can also be installed on the mounting plane 202 of the middle frame 2.
  • This application does not place restrictions on the structure, assembly, and sealing of other components and modules except speakers, and does not limit the software function configuration of electronic equipment. If the electronic device is equipped with multiple speakers, you can refer to the structure and sealing assembly method of the sound-generating device mentioned above to increase the height of the front cavity and the area of the sound channel corresponding to each speaker.
  • embodiments of the present application also provide an installation method of the sound-generating device, as shown in Figure 12, the method includes:
  • Step S1 Cut out areas corresponding to the sound output areas on the first adhesive layer, reinforcement layer and second adhesive layer.
  • step S2 the protective layer, the first adhesive layer, the reinforcement layer and the second adhesive layer are stacked and connected to obtain a sealing assembly.
  • the sealing component also has a non-sound-emitting area, and the non-sound-emitting area includes a first sealing area and a second sealing area.
  • the first sealing area is located on the side of the sound output area away from the screen assembly in the Z-axis direction
  • the second sealing area is located on the side close to the screen assembly in the Z-axis direction.
  • Step S3 Bend the sealing component to form a transition angle that matches the transition portion on the middle frame.
  • Step S4 Connect the first sealing area to the first snap-in portion of the middle frame, connect the transition area corresponding to the transition angle on the sealing component to the transition portion, and connect the second sealing area to the second snap-in portion of the middle frame.
  • Step S5 Use the first sealing member to connect the middle frame and the screen assembly to form a front cavity between the speaker body and the screen assembly.
  • Step S6 connect the speaker and the middle frame through the second sealing member, so that the support surface on the sound output slope of the speaker contacts the first sealing area, the sound output slope, the screen assembly and the middle frame cooperate to form a sound output channel, and the front cavity , the sound output channel is connected with the sound output hole opened on the middle frame.
  • the order and method of sealing and installing the sound-generating device are not limited to the above method embodiments.
  • the sound-generating device adopts an open front cavity, and there is no structural component between the speaker body and the screen assembly that compresses the height of the front cavity, thereby increasing the height of the front cavity.
  • a sound-emitting slope on the speaker and a specially designed
  • the cooperation of the sealing component, the mounting hole 203 and the boss 210 increases the sound channel area, thereby improving the eddy current and flow velocity during the sound generation and sound propagation of the speaker, and eliminating audio playback abnormalities such as noise, abnormally small sound, or uneven sound playback. problem and improve the audio playback quality of the speaker.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, which includes at least one sound-generating device in the above-mentioned embodiments and their implementations.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种发声装置及电子设备，其中发声装置包括：扬声器、中框和屏幕组件；中框包括安装平面和边框；边框位于安装平面的边缘，安装平面设置有安装孔；扬声器设置在安装平面的一侧，且位于安装孔的投影区域；屏幕组件设置在安装平面的另一侧，且位于安装孔的投影区域；扬声器与屏幕组件通过安装孔相连通且间隔设置，形成扬声器的前腔；边框设置有出音孔，扬声器还设置有出音斜面；出音斜面位于出音孔与前腔之间，且朝向安装平面，出音斜面与安装平面和屏幕组件之间具有间隔，形成与前腔和出音孔连通的出音通道。本申请实施例能够增大扬声器的前腔高度和出音通道面积，提升扬声器的音频播放质量。

Description

一种发声装置及电子设备
本申请要求于2022年8月16日提交到国家知识产权局、申请号为202210979182.6、发明名称为“一种发声装置及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及终端技术领域，尤其涉及一种发声装置及电子设备。
背景技术
电子设备配置有用于播放音频的扬声器，扬声器包括音腔和出音通道，扬声器发出的声音通过相互连通的音腔和出音通道后，从中框开设的出音孔传出，实现电子设备的声音外放。如果音腔中的前腔高度低，出音通道面积小，会导致声音传输过程中的流速和涡流增大，进而引发音频播放异常，例如出现杂音，声音异常小，或者声音播放不均匀等，影响用户听感。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种发声装置及电子设备，能够增大扬声器的前腔高度和出音通道面积，提升扬声器的音频播放质量和用户听感。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种发声装置，扬声器、中框和屏幕组件；中框包括安装平面和边框；边框位于安装平面的边缘，安装平面设置有安装孔；扬声器设置在安装平面的一侧，且位于安装孔的投影区域；屏幕组件设置在安装平面的另一侧，且位于安装孔的投影区域；扬声器与屏幕组件通过安装孔相连通且间隔设置，形成扬声器的前腔；边框设置有出音孔，扬声器还设置有出音斜面；出音斜面位于出音孔与前腔之间，且朝向安装平面，出音斜面与安装平面和屏幕组件之间具有间隔，形成与前腔和出音孔连通的出音通道。
这样，扬声器与屏幕组件之间无遮挡，直接形成前腔，增大了前腔中的前腔的高度。扬声器设置朝向安装平面并且与安装平面和屏幕组件之间具有间隔的出音斜面，即出音斜面向远离屏幕组件的方向倾斜，从而由出音斜面、中框和屏幕组件构成了更加开阔的出音通道，增大了出音通道面积。通过增大前腔高度和出音通道面积，从而改善扬声器发声及声音传播过程中的涡流和流速，消除杂音、声音异常小或者声音播放不均匀等音频播放异常问题，提升扬声器的音频播放质量，从而为用户提供更好的听感。此外，本申请实施例不会增加发声装置和使用该发声装置的电子设备的厚度，并且可以降低发声装置和电子设备的重量。
在一些实现方式中，边框包括远离屏幕组件的第一端，以及与屏幕组件连接的第二端；边框的第一端设有第一卡接部；边框的第二端设有第二卡接部，屏幕组件与第二卡接部连接；出音孔位于第一卡接部和第二卡接部之间。这样，通过中框上第一卡接部和第二卡接部的配合，可以实现扬声器和密封组件的可靠装配，避免扬声器发生松动或移动，保证发声装置的出音通道与出音孔的连通，并且提升出音通道的密封性能。
在一些实现方式中，密封组件设置在扬声器与边框之间；密封组件在沿边框的第一端至第二端依次包括第一密封区、出音区和第二密封区；扬声器与第一卡接部通过第一密封区连接；屏幕组件与第二密封区通过第二卡接部连接；出音区与出音孔的位置对应，以使从出音 通道传出的声音穿透出音区后，进入出音孔。这样，为密封组件划分上述三种区域，通过连接第一密封区与第一卡接部，以及连接第二密封区与第二卡接部，出音区与出音孔位置对应，使扬声器发出的声音通过前腔和出音通道后，能够穿过密封组件的出音区，进而从出音孔传递至电子设备外部，并且增大了对出音通道的密封宽度，从而提升密封性能。
在一些实现方式中，第二卡接部的面向出音通道的一侧设置有过渡部，过渡部为弧形结构；密封组件的出音区和第二密封区的相接处设置有与过渡部相匹配的过渡角，过渡角大于或等于90度；密封组件的设置有过渡角的区域与过渡部配合连接。这样，通过过渡部与过渡区域的配合，可以提升密封组件与中框连接的稳固性，提升出音通道的密封性能，设置过渡角大于或等于90度，可以使出音斜面与密封组件之间的空间更开阔，从而提升出音通道面积。
在一些实现方式中，密封组件包括依次堆叠的防护层、第一粘接层、加固层和第二粘接层；第一粘接层、加固层和第二粘接层在出音区为镂空结构。这样，通过镂空结构的设置，使第一粘接层、加固层和第二粘接层仅覆盖非出音区，而出音区仅覆盖防护层，实现防尘防水的密封防护效果，并降低声音穿过密封组件的出音区时所产生的损耗。
在一些实现方式中，出音斜面包括与第一卡接部相对设置的支撑面；出音斜面支撑面与第一卡接部通过第一密封区连接。这样，在出音斜面上设置支撑面，可以便于出音通道的密封，保证密封装配的紧密性，并且增大前腔空间和出音通道面积，提升发声装置的音频播放质量。
在一些实现方式中，第一卡接部面向安装孔的一侧设置有第一凸起部和第二凸起部；第一凸起部向远离屏幕组件的方向倾斜，第二凸起部向靠近屏幕组件的方向倾斜；支撑面和第一密封区被卡接在第一凸起部和第二凸起部之间。这样，使得扬声器的支撑面和密封组件被卡接在第一凸起部与第二凸起部之间，避免扬声器和密封组件发生松动或移动，保证扬声器、密封组件和中框之间的连接紧密性和密封性。
在一些实现方式中，扬声器包括扬声器主体和用于支撑扬声器主体的框架；安装平面上还设置有位于安装孔外围的凸台，凸台与第二卡接部衔接；框架固定在凸台上，扬声器主体悬置于安装孔的内部，前腔是由扬声器主体与屏幕组件之间的间隙形成的；第二卡接部靠近安装孔的一端设置有至少一个限位块，限位块用于对第二密封区进行限位。这样，通过凸台和框架的配合，使得扬声器主体被固定且悬置在安装孔内，安装孔为通孔结构，扬声器主体与屏幕组件之间不具有任何遮挡，实现开放式前腔，增大了前腔高度。通过设置限位块，限位块与第一凸起部和第二凸起部配合，使密封组件被紧紧固定在第一卡接部和第二卡接部间，防止密封组件移位，从而为出音通道提供可靠的密封。
在一些实现方式中，发声装置还包括：第一密封件和第二密封件；第一密封件设置在安装平面与屏幕组件之间；第二密封件至少分布在支撑面与第一密封区之间，以及凸台与框架之间。这样，第一密封件用于扬声器与屏幕组件之间的密封，第二密封件用于扬声器的整体外部轮廓与中框的密封连接，提升扬声器的密封防护性能。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供一种电子设备，包括上述第一方面及其各个实现方式的发声装置。
附图说明
图1是一种电子设备的示意图；
图2是一种传统的发声装置的结构示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种发声装置中的扬声器的结构示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种发声装置中的中框的结构示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的一种发声装置中的中框与密封组件的截面装配示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的一种发声装置中的中框与密封组件的装配效果图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种发声装置中的密封组件的结构示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种发声装置中的扬声器、密封组件和中框的装配截面示意图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种发声装置的整体装配结构的截面示意图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的一种发声装置中的中框与屏幕组件之间设置第一密封件的示意图；
图11是本申请实施例提供的一种发声装置中的扬声器与中框之间设置第二密封件的示意图；
图12是本申请实施例提供的一种发声装置的安装方法的流程图。
图中，1-扬声器，101-扬声器主体，102-底板，102a-前腔钢片，102b-第一部件，102c-第二部件，103-前腔，103a-出音侧，104-出音通道，105-出音斜面，106-支撑面，107-框架；2-中框，201-边框，202-安装平面，203-安装孔，204-出音孔，205-第一端，206-第二端，207-第一卡接部，207a-第一凸起部，207b-第二凸起部，208-第二卡接部，209-过渡部，210-凸台，211-限位块；3-屏幕组件，301-显示屏；4-密封组件，401-第一密封区，402-出音区，403-第二密封区，404-过渡角，405-防护层，406-第一粘接层，407-加固层，408-第二粘接层；5-第一密封件；6-第二密封件。
具体实施方式
图1提供一种电子设备的示意图。如图1所示，电子设备可以包括屏幕组件、中框和后壳。其中，中框可用于安装和固定电子设备内部的元器件，例如扬声器、电池、电路板和按键(包括开/关机键、音量键)等。中框上设置有出音孔，发声装置安装在电子设备内部的连通出音孔的位置，从而使发声装置发出的声音通过出音孔传递到电子设备外部。出音孔在中框上的位置以及发声装置在电子设备中的安装位置不限于图1的示例。
图2是传统的发声装置的结构示意图。如图2所示，发声装置包括扬声器主体101，以及用于支撑扬声器主体101的底板102。扬声器主体101和底板102沿Z轴方向分布。其中，底板102包括前腔钢片102a、第一部件102b和第二部件102c。前腔钢片102a与扬声器主体101沿Z轴方向具有一定的间隔，使得前腔钢片102a与扬声器主体101的间隙形成前腔103，前腔103的一侧为出音侧103a。在前腔103的出音侧103a，第一部件102b与扬声器主体101底部连接，第二部件102c与前腔钢片102a连接，从而在前腔103的出音侧103a形成由第一部件102b和第二部件102c构成出音通道104。出音通道104与前腔103连通，形成声波在发声装置内的传播路径。
一般来说，发声装置的音腔可以包括前腔103和后腔(图中未示出)，用以提升发声装置的音频播放质量。前腔103用于使声音产生一个高频段的截止频率和高频峰，能够提高中频，减小高频噪声，降低高频段延伸，提高声音转换效率。后腔用于防止中低频声音短路，增强低频声音力度，使声音更为圆润。本申请对后腔结构不作限定。
为了使扬声器主体101发出的声音能够导出至电子设备外部，电子设备的中框上开设有 出音孔，发声装置安装在中框上之后，出音通道104能够与出音孔连通，这样，扬声器主体101发出的声音经过前腔103和出音通道104，最终从出音孔传播到电子设备外部，从而实现电子设备的声音外放。
如图2所示，出音通道104的用于与中框的出音孔连通的一端可以设置密封组件4，密封组件4可以填充出音通道104与中框之间的缝隙，实现对出音通道104进行的密封，以防止水、灰尘等异物从出音孔进入扬声器和电子设备内部。密封组件4沿Z轴方向应具有充足的密封宽度，以实现良好的密封效果。
由于电子设备整机厚度有限，前腔钢片102a自身具有一定的厚度，同时兼顾电子设备内部其他元器件的安装空间，使得发声装置的前腔高度Hq和出音通道面积较小，导致声音传输过程中的流速和涡流增大，进而引发音频播放异常，例如出现杂音，声音异常小，或者声音播放不均匀等，影响用户听感。
为增大发声装置的前腔高度和出音通道面积，提升音频播放质量，本申请实施例提供了一种发声装置。该发声装置可以应用于各类电子设备中，用于实现电子设备的音频播放的功能。其中，电子设备包括但不限于手机(包括折叠屏手机)、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、大屏设备(例如：智能电视、智慧屏)、个人计算机(persona1computer，PC)、手持计算机、上网本、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、可穿戴电子设备、车载设备、虚拟现实设备等设备。
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种发声装置中的扬声器的结构示意图。如图2的视图(a)所示，扬声器1包括扬声器主体101。如图3的视图(b)所示，在电子设备中，显示屏301与扬声器主体101在Z轴方向上具有高度差，以形成扬声器1的前腔103。扬声器1上可以设置有出音斜面105，出音斜面105在X轴方向上位于出音孔与前腔103之间，并且出音斜面105与显示屏301在Z轴方向上具有间隔，以便形成与前腔103和出音孔连通的出音通道104。
在一些实现方式中，如图3所示，扬声器1还包括用于支撑扬声器主体101的框架107，出音斜面105设置在框架107的靠近前腔103的出音侧103a的一端，出音斜面105向远离显示屏301的方向倾斜，并且与支撑扬声器1的面向显示屏301的表面形成第一角度α。出音斜面105的远离前腔103的一端设置有支撑面106，支撑面106向远离显示屏301的方向倾斜，并且与支撑扬声器1的面向显示屏301的表面形成第二角度β。第二角度β可以大于第一角度α，以增大前腔空间和出音通道面积，并且便于出音通道的密封，保证密封装配的紧密性。
相较于传统的发声装置结构，本申请实施例提供的发声装置取消了前腔钢片102a，从而将前腔103从封闭式改变为开放式，增大了前腔高度。另外，本申请实施例提供的发声装置还取消设置第二部件102c，去除了出音通道104下方的实体，使出音斜面105下方的出音通道面积增大。由此可见，本申请实施例提供的发声装置增大了前腔高度和出音通道面积，提升了扬声器的音频播放效果，并且降低了发声装置和电子设备的重量。
下面结合更多附图，对发声装置的密封结构和安装方式进行示例性说明。
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种发声装置中的中框的结构示意图。如图4的视图(a)所示，中框2包括边框201，边框201上可以开设至少一个出音孔204，出音孔204位于出音通道在中框2的投影区域，出音孔204用于将扬声器1发出的声音传至电子设备外部。当中框2设有多个出音孔204时，本申请实施例对多个出音孔204的排布形式不做限定。例如：如图4所示，多个出音孔204可以呈单排阵列分布。又例如，多个出音孔204可以呈多排阵列分布。 出音孔204可设置为圆孔、方孔或其他形状的通孔，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
如图4的视图(a)和视图(b)所示，中框2还包括安装平面202，边框201位于安装平面202的边缘。安装平面202上设置有用于安装扬声器1的安装孔203。安装孔203与出音孔204在Y轴方向上的位置相对应，扬声器1设置在安装平面202的一侧，并且位于安装孔203在Z轴方向上的投影区域，使得扬声器1被放置在安装孔203中时，出音通道104能够覆盖并连通出音孔204。安装孔203的形状和尺寸与扬声器1形状和尺寸相匹配，以保证扬声器1装配的稳定性和密封性。
如图3和图4的视图(b)所示，屏幕组件3设置在安装平面202的另一侧，并且屏幕组件3位于安装孔203的投影区域，扬声器1与屏幕组件3通过安装孔203相连通且间隔设置，形成扬声器1的前腔103。在将扬声器1放置于安装孔203之后，出音斜面105朝向安装平面202的方向，并且出音斜面105在Z轴方向上与安装平面202和屏幕组件3具有间隔，形成与前腔103和出音孔204连通的出音通道104。屏幕组件3中框2背对前腔103和出音通道104的一侧与电子设备的后壳(图中未示出)连接，从而将扬声器等元器件固定在电子设备内部，并实现电子设备的整机封装。安装孔203沿Z轴方向贯穿安装平面202，使扬声器1被放置于安装孔203时，扬声器主体101与屏幕组件3之间无障碍和遮挡，从而提升了前腔高度。
其中，屏幕组件3可以包括内屏和外屏，内屏用于显示图像(即显示屏301)，外屏设置在内屏外部。在一种实现方式中，外屏可以包括盖板和触控面板(即触摸屏)，以使屏幕组件3支持触控功能。在另一种实现方式中，外屏可以包括盖板而不包括触控面板，这样，外屏可以用于对内屏进行防护，避免内屏出现损伤。
本申请实施例中，当屏幕组件3包括内屏和外屏时，中框2的安装平面202与屏幕组件3的内屏连接。
结合图3和图4的视图(b)所示，边框201包括在Z轴方向上远离屏幕组件3的第一端205，以及与屏幕组件3连接的第二端206。其中，边框201的第一端205设有第一卡接部207，第一卡接部207用于连接密封组件4和扬声器1的支撑面106。第一卡接部207面向安装孔203的一侧设置有沿Y轴方向分布的第一凸起部207a和第二凸起部207b。其中，第一凸起部207a向远离屏幕组件3的方向倾斜，第二凸起部207b向靠近屏幕组件3的方向倾斜，从而在第一凸起部207a和第二凸起部207b之间形成夹角ε，使得扬声器1的支撑面106和密封组件4被卡接在第一凸起部207a和第二凸起部207b之间，避免扬声器1和密封组件4发生松动或移动。夹角ε的角度不做限定，例如将折角ε设置为90°。
如图4所示，边框201的第二端206设有第二卡接部208，屏幕组件3与第二卡接部208连接。第二卡接部208用于连接密封组件4。出音孔204在Z轴方向上位于第一卡接部207和第二卡接部208之间。
安装平面202上还设置有位于安装孔203外围的凸台210，凸台210与第二卡接部208衔接。在将扬声器1放置在安装孔203时，扬声器主体101位于安装孔203的内部，凸台210用于支撑扬声器1的框架107。扬声器1可以在第一卡接部207、第二卡接部208和凸台210的配合下，被固定在中框2的安装孔203上，扬声器主体101悬置于安装孔203的内部，并且在屏幕组件3和后壳的配合下，并形成密封前腔103。这样，扬声器1发出的声音可以经由前腔103和出音通道104向外传递，最终从出音孔204传递到电子设备外部。
图5是本申请实施例提供的一种发声装置中的中框与密封组件的装配示意图。如图5所 示，密封组件4可设置于扬声器1与边框201之间，密封组件4沿边框201的第一端205至第二端206依次可划分为三个区域，分别为第一密封区401、出音区402和第二密封区403。其中，第一密封区401与第一卡接部207在Z轴方向和Y轴方向上的位置对应，用于对出音通道104靠近第二凸起部207b的一侧进行密封。第二密封区403与第二卡接部208在Z轴方向和Y轴方向上的位置对应，用于对出音通道104靠近中框2的第二端206的一侧进行密封。出音区402与多个出音孔204构成的孔阵在Z轴方向和Y轴方向上的位置对应，即出音区402在Z轴方向和Y轴方向上覆盖全部出音孔204，以使出音通道104传输的声音能够穿透出音区进入出音孔204，并从每个出音孔204传出。第一密封区401和第二密封区403在出音通道104的Z轴方向两侧具有充足的密封宽度，保证了出音通道的密封性能，避免扬声器漏音和电子设备被水和灰尘等异物渗入，提升扬声器的音频播放质量。
如图5所示，第一密封区401与第一卡接部207连接，密封组件4的第二密封区403与第二卡接部208连接。为保证声音能够穿透密封组件4从出音孔204传出，避免声波被阻挡和损耗，密封组件4上与出音孔204对应的出音区402可以采用非密闭式密封，例如仅设置防尘网。密封组件4与中框2的装配效果如图6所示。
如图4和图5所示，为便于安装密封组件4，并保证装配的密封性能，可以在第二卡接部208上面向出音通道104的一侧设置有过渡部209。过渡部209可以设置为平滑弧形结构。
如图4和图5所示，第二卡接部208靠近安装孔203的一端还可设置至少一个限位块211，限位块211用于对密封组件4的第二密封区403进行限位。参照图5和图6，通过限位块211、第一凸起部207a和第二凸起部207b的配合，使密封组件4被固定在第一卡接部207和第二卡接部208之间，防止密封组件4移位，从而为出音通道104提供可靠的密封。
图7是本申请实施例提供一种发声装置中的密封组件的结构示意图。其中，图7的视图(a)示出了密封组件的整体结构，图7的视图(b)示出了密封组件的截面结构。
如图7所示，密封组件4可以设置为弯曲结构，在第二密封区403与出音区402相接处设有与过渡部209相匹配的过渡角404，这样，密封组件4上具有过渡角404对应的过渡区域，过渡区域与过渡部209配合连接，可以提升密封组件4与中框2连接的稳固性，并提升出音通道的密封性能。
如图7所示，密封组件4可以包括依次堆叠的防护层405、第一粘接层406、加固层407和第二粘接层408。密封组件4中每层的厚度不限定，可根据对密封性能、连接强度和重量等方面的要求进行设置。
其中，防护层405可采用防尘网，起到防尘作用，防尘网可采用金属或塑料等材质制成。第一粘接层406用于粘接防护层405和加固层407，第二粘接层408用于粘接加固层407和第一卡接部207。第一粘接层406和第二粘接层408可由具有良好粘黏和贴附特性的材料制成，例如背胶、双面胶等。加固层407能够提升密封组件4的整体强度和密封性能，避免密封组件4发生变形、粘接层密封松动、防尘网出现褶皱等问题，加固层407可以采用金属材质，例如钢片、不锈钢等。
如图7的视图(b)所示，防护层405覆盖出音区402和非出音区，其中非出音区包括第一密封区401和第二密封区403。第一粘接层406、加固层407和第二粘接层408在出音区402为镂空结构，即第一粘接层406、加固层407和第二粘接层408仅覆盖非出音区，这样，出音区402仅覆盖防护层405，实现防尘防水的密封防护效果，并降低声音穿过密封组件4的出音区时所产生的损耗。
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种发声装置中的扬声器、密封组件和中框的装配截面示意图。如图8所示，扬声器1与第一卡接部207通过第一密封区401连接。中框2的第一卡接部207卡接扬声器1的支撑面106，支撑面106与密封组件4的第一密封区401连接。前腔103、出音斜面105下方的出音通道104和出音孔204形成声音传播路径，扬声器主体101发出的声音经过前腔103和出音通道104，穿透密封组件4的防护层405，最终从出音孔204传出。
如图8所示，出音斜面105上的支撑面106与第一卡接部207相对设置，支撑面106与第一卡接部207通过第一密封区401连接。若要保证支撑面106与第一密封区401紧密贴合，则支撑面106的倾角β应与第一密封区401的倾角γ相等。第一密封区401和出音区402具有相同的倾角。若要保证第一密封区401与第二凸起部207b紧密贴合，则倾角γ应与第二凸起部207b的端面的倾角θ相等。因此，倾角β、倾角γ和倾角θ是关联且一致的。如果使第二密封区403和第二卡接部208固定连接后的倾角为0°，用δ表示过渡角404的角度，则过渡角δ的大小会直接影响倾角γ。因此可以根据密封组件4的过渡角δ，关联设置倾角β和倾角θ，以保证扬声器1、密封组件4和中框2之间的连接紧密性和密封性，例如设置β＝θ＝γ＝180°-δ。
如图8所示，过渡角δ可以设置为大于或等于90°，使得出音斜面105与密封组件4之间的空间更开阔，从而提升出音通道面积。
图9是是本申请实施例提供的一种发声装置的整体装配结构的截面示意图。如图9所示，在边框201的第一端205，扬声器1的支撑面106与第一卡接部207通过第一密封区401连接。在边框201的第二端206，屏幕组件3与第二密封区403通过第二卡接部208连接。扬声器1、密封组件4、中框2和屏幕组件3连接后，形成密闭前腔103。由于设置有在Z轴方向上贯穿安装平面202的安装孔203，并且扬声器1设置为开放式前腔，将扬声器1固定在安装孔203后，前腔高度Hq为扬声器主体101与屏幕组件3之间的高度差，在不影响电子设备机身和扬声器主体101的厚度的情况下，这种开放式前腔的高度增幅等于前腔钢片102a的厚度，增大了前腔高度。出音斜面105、密封组件4、中框2和屏幕组件3形成密封的出音通道104。通过设置带有过渡角δ的密封组件4，适当增大出音斜面105的第一角度α，取消设置第二部件102c等结构设计，不仅能够增大出音通道面积，降低流速和涡流，提升扬声器的音频播放质量，还能确保出音通道104在Z轴方向上具有充足的密封宽度，提升密封性能，避免扬声器漏音以及因电子设备被异物浸入而导致元器件失效。
图10是本申请实施例提供的一种发声装置中的中框与屏幕组件之间设置第一密封件的示意图。如图9和图10所示，安装平面202与屏幕组件3之间设有第一密封件5。第一密封件5至少不覆盖扬声器1的前腔103和出音通道104，以保证前腔高度和出音通道面积不被缩减。可以根据中框2上元器件的种类、安装位置、性能要求和密封要求等方面，设计第一密封件5的覆盖范围。其中，第一密封件5可以采用泡棉材料制作，泡棉具有弹性，通过压缩泡棉，为泡棉施加一定的压缩量，充分激活泡棉的密封性能。泡棉的压缩量可以设置为大于或等于50％。此外泡棉还具有抗振动、体积薄、质量轻等特点，不仅能够提升扬声器的密封性，还有利于降低电子设备的重量。
图11是本申请实施例提供的一种发声装置中的扬声器与中框之间设置第二密封件的示意图。如图9和图11所示，扬声器1与中框2之间可以设置第二密封件6，第二密封件6至少分布在：支撑面106与第一密封区401之间的接触区域6a，以及凸台210对扬声器1的框 架107的支撑区域6b。通过设置第二密封件6，实现对扬声器1的整体外部轮廓与中框2的密封连接，提升扬声器1的密封防护性能。其中，第二密封件6也可采用泡棉材料，泡棉的压缩量可以设置为大于或等于50％。
扬声器1和电子设备内部包含的其他元器件和模块，均可被安装在屏幕组件3与后壳之间的中框2上。对此在用于安装扬声器1的安装孔203的区域之外，中框2的安装平面202上还可安装如主板、存储器、电池、摄像头、声音采集器等元器件。本申请对除扬声器外的其他元器件和模块的结构、装配和密封不做限制，并且不限定电子设备的软件功能配置。如果电子设备配置有多个扬声器，可参照前述发声装置的结构和密封装配方式，增大每个扬声器对应的前腔高度和出音通道面积。
基于图3～图11提供的发声装置结构，本申请实施例还提供一种发声装置的安装方法，如图12所示，该方法包括：
步骤S1，将第一粘接层、加固层和第二粘接层上出音区所对应的区域裁空。
步骤S2，将防护层、第一粘接层、加固层和第二粘接层堆叠连接，得到密封组件。
其中，密封组件还具有非出音区，非出音区包括第一密封区和第二密封区。第一密封区位于出音区在Z轴方向上远离屏幕组件的一侧，第二密封区位于在Z轴方向上靠近屏幕组件的一侧。
步骤S3，将密封组件弯折，形成与中框上的过渡部匹配的过渡角。
步骤S4，将第一密封区与中框的第一卡接部连接，将密封组件上过渡角所对应的过渡区域与过渡部连接，将第二密封区与中框的第二卡接部连接。
步骤S5，利用第一密封件连接中框和屏幕组件，在扬声器主体和屏幕组件之间形成前腔。
步骤S6，将扬声器与中框通过第二密封件连接，使扬声器出音斜面上的支撑面抵接第一密封区，出音斜面、屏幕组件和中框配合形成出音通道，并使前腔、出音通道与中框上开设的出音孔连通。
发声装置密封安装的顺序和方式不限于上述方法实施例。
本申请实施例中发声装置采用开放式前腔，并且扬声器主体与屏幕组件之间不具有压缩前腔高度的结构部件，增大了前腔高度，通过在扬声器上设置出音斜面、特殊设计的密封组件以及安装孔203和凸台210的配合，增大了出音通道面积，从而改善扬声器发声及声音传播过程中的涡流和流速，消除杂音、声音异常小或者声音播放不均匀等音频播放异常问题，提升扬声器的音频播放质量。此外，为扬声器提供稳定可靠的密封结构，避免粉尘、液体等异物渗透至扬声器和电子设备内部，从而为扬声器和其他元器件提供有效防护，并且不会增加电子设备的厚度，降低了发声装置和电子设备的重量。
本申请实施例提供还一种电子设备，该电子设备包括至少一个上述各实施例及其各实现方式中的发声装置。
以上的具体实施方式，对本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上仅为本申请实施例的具体实施方式而已，并不用于限定本申请实施例的保护范围，凡在本申请实施例的技术方案的基础之上，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包括在本申请实施例的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种发声装置，其特征在于，包括：扬声器(1)、中框(2)和屏幕组件(3)；
    所述中框(2)包括边框(201)和安装平面(202)；
    所述边框(201)位于所述安装平面(202)的边缘，所述安装平面(202)设置有安装孔(203)；
    所述扬声器(1)设置在所述安装平面(202)的一侧，且位于所述安装孔(203)的投影区域；
    所述屏幕组件(3)设置在所述安装平面(202)的另一侧，且位于所述安装孔(203)的投影区域；
    所述扬声器(1)与所述屏幕组件(3)通过所述安装孔(203)相连通且间隔设置，形成所述扬声器(1)的前腔(103)；
    所述边框(201)设置有出音孔(204)，所述扬声器(1)还设置有出音斜面(105)；
    所述出音斜面(105)位于所述出音孔(204)与所述前腔(103)之间，且朝向所述安装平面(202)，所述出音斜面(105)与所述安装平面(202)和所述屏幕组件(3)之间具有间隔，形成与所述前腔(103)和所述出音孔(204)连通的出音通道(104)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，
    所述边框(201)包括远离所述屏幕组件的第一端(205)，以及与所述屏幕组件(3)连接的第二端(206)；
    所述边框(201)的第一端(205)设有第一卡接部(207)；
    所述边框(201)的第二端(206)设有第二卡接部(208)，所述屏幕组件(3)与所述第二卡接部(208)连接；
    所述出音孔(204)位于所述第一卡接部(207)和所述第二卡接部(208)之间。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的发声装置，其特征在于，还包括：密封组件(4)；
    所述密封组件(4)设置在所述扬声器(1)与所述边框(201)之间；
    所述密封组件(4)在沿所述边框(201)的第一端(205)至第二端(206)依次包括第一密封区(401)、出音区(402)和第二密封区(403)；
    所述扬声器(1)与所述第一卡接部(207)通过所述第一密封区(401)连接；
    所述屏幕组件(3)与所述第二密封区(403)通过所述第二卡接部(208)连接；
    所述出音区(402)与所述出音孔(204)的位置对应，以使从所述出音通道(104)传出的声音穿透所述出音区(402)后，进入所述出音孔(204)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的发声装置，其特征在于，
    所述第二卡接部(208)的面向所述出音通道(104)的一侧设置有过渡部(209)，所述过渡部(209)为弧形结构；
    所述出音区(402)和所述第二密封区(403)的相接处设置有与所述过渡部(209)相匹配的过渡角(404)，所述过渡角(404)大于或等于90度；
    所述密封组件(4)的设置有所述过渡角(404)的区域与所述过渡部(209)配合连接。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的发声装置，其特征在于，
    所述密封组件(4)包括依次堆叠的防护层(405)、第一粘接层(406)、加固层(407)和第二粘接层(408)；
    所述第一粘接层(406)、所述加固层(407)和所述第二粘接层(408)在所述出音区(402)为镂空结构。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的发声装置，其特征在于，
    所述出音斜面(105)包括与所述第一卡接部(207)相对设置的支撑面(106)；
    所述支撑面(106)与所述第一卡接部(207)通过所述第一密封区(401)连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的发声装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一卡接部(207)面向所述安装孔(203)的一侧设置有第一凸起部(207a)和第二凸起部(207b)；
    所述第一凸起部(207a)向远离所述屏幕组件(3)的方向倾斜，所述第二凸起部(207b)向靠近所述屏幕组件(3)的方向倾斜；
    所述支撑面(106)和所述第一密封区(401)被卡接在所述第一凸起部(207a)和所述第二凸起部(207b)之间。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的发声装置，其特征在于，
    所述扬声器(1)包括扬声器主体(101)和用于支撑所述扬声器主体的框架(107)；
    所述安装平面(202)上还设置有位于所述安装孔(203)外围的凸台(210)，所述凸台与(210)所述第二卡接部(208)衔接；
    所述框架(107)固定在所述凸台(210)上，所述扬声器主体(101)悬置于所述安装孔(203)的内部，所述前腔(103)是由所述扬声器主体(101)与所述屏幕组件(3)之间的间隙形成的；
    所述第二卡接部(208)靠近所述安装孔(203)的一端设置有至少一个限位块(211)，所述限位块(211)用于对所述第二密封区(403)进行限位。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的发声装置，其特征在于，还包括：第一密封件(5)和第二密封件(6)；
    所述第一密封件(5)设置在所述安装平面(202)与所述屏幕组件(3)之间；
    所述第二密封件(6)至少分布在所述支撑面(106)与所述第一密封区(401)之间，以及所述凸台(210)与所述框架(107)之间。
  10. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括权利要求1～9任意一项所述的发声装置。
PCT/CN2023/091325 2022-08-16 2023-04-27 一种发声装置及电子设备 WO2024037039A1 (zh)

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