WO2021237833A1 - 发声器件 - Google Patents

发声器件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021237833A1
WO2021237833A1 PCT/CN2020/097131 CN2020097131W WO2021237833A1 WO 2021237833 A1 WO2021237833 A1 WO 2021237833A1 CN 2020097131 W CN2020097131 W CN 2020097131W WO 2021237833 A1 WO2021237833 A1 WO 2021237833A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sound
sounding
housing
rear shell
diaphragm
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/097131
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曹成铭
吴树文
吴立峰
沈凯华
Original Assignee
瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司, 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 filed Critical 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
Publication of WO2021237833A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021237833A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the field of electro-acoustic conversion, in particular to a sound-producing device applied to portable mobile electronic products.
  • Sounding devices also known as speakers, are widely used in portable mobile electronic products, such as mobile phones, to convert audio signals into sound for playback.
  • the sounding devices have high loudness and amplitude.
  • the related art sounding device includes a basin frame, a vibration system fixed to the basin frame, and a magnetic circuit system with a magnetic gap.
  • the magnetic circuit system drives the vibration system to vibrate and produce sound
  • the vibration system includes The diaphragm of the basin frame and a voice coil fixed to the diaphragm and inserted in the magnetic gap to drive the diaphragm to vibrate and produce sound.
  • the related art sound device does not have a rear cavity structure or the rear cavity is an open structure, when used in portable mobile electronic products such as mobile phones, it will cause the problem of mobile phone shell vibration, resulting in poor user experience; and mobile phone space Due to the limited size, the sound emitting device cannot be designed into a speaker box structure with a back cavity in the prior art to overcome this problem. In addition, the sound emitting unit of the sound emitting device in the related art is easy to fall off.
  • the purpose of the utility model is to provide a sound device with simple structure, good acoustic performance, good user experience, and the sounding unit is not easy to fall.
  • the present invention provides a sound emitting device, which includes a housing with a receiving space and a sound emitting monomer fixedly housed in the housing, the sound emitting monomer and the housing are enclosed together
  • the sound-producing unit includes a basin frame, a vibration system fixed to the basin frame, and a magnetic circuit system that drives the vibration system to vibrate and emit sound.
  • the vibration system includes a vibration system fixed to the basin frame.
  • the housing includes a rear shell plate located on the side of the basin frame away from the diaphragm and spaced from the sound emitting unit, and a side extending from the periphery of the rear shell plate in a direction close to the diaphragm
  • the side wall is attached to the basin frame, or the side wall is spaced from at least one side of the basin frame, and the space is less than 3 times the thickness of the housing;
  • the rear shell, the side walls, and the sounding monomer jointly enclose the rear sound cavity, the sounding monomer is provided with a leakage part communicating with the rear sound cavity, and the housing is provided with a through hole The leak hole communicates the rear acoustic cavity with the outside world.
  • the side wall includes a rear shell extension wall connected with the rear shell plate and a base extension wall abutting against the rear shell extension wall, and the fixed step abuts against the rear shell extension wall from the rear shell extension wall.
  • One end of the extension wall of the base is bent and extended into the receiving space.
  • the rear shell plate, the extension wall of the rear shell and the fixed step are integrally formed.
  • the side wall includes a rear shell extension wall connected with the rear shell plate and a base extension wall abutting the rear shell extension wall, and the fixed step is sandwiched between the rear shell extension wall and the rear shell extension wall.
  • the base extends between the walls.
  • the extension wall of the base surrounds the peripheral side of the basin frame and is fixedly attached to the peripheral side of the basin frame.
  • the housing further includes a base plate bent and extended from the extension wall of the base toward the direction close to the diaphragm, and the base plate is fixedly connected to an end of the basin frame away from the rear shell plate.
  • the base plate is provided with a sound hole penetrating the base plate, and the sound hole is opposite to the diaphragm.
  • the fixed step is configured as a flat steel sheet.
  • the ratio of the thickness of the shell to the thickness of the basin frame is less than 0.4.
  • the housing is made of metal material.
  • the housing is at least partially grounded.
  • the sound emitting device further includes a conductive member, one end of the conductive member is connected to the housing, and the other end of the conductive member is used for grounding.
  • the conductive member is formed by extending the housing.
  • the sound emitting device further includes a conductive member, the conductive member includes two electrical pathways, one of the electrical pathways is used to connect the sounding monomer with an external electrical signal, and the other of the electrical pathways Used to connect the shell and the ground.
  • the sound emitting device further includes at least two positioning pieces, the two positioning pieces are connected to opposite sides or two diagonal corners of the casing, and the positioning piece is provided with one end away from the casing Through the positioning hole on it.
  • the positioning piece is formed by extending outward from the casing.
  • the shell is made of a 0.15mm thick steel sheet.
  • the sound-producing unit further includes a front cover arranged on a side of the basin frame close to the diaphragm, and the front cover, the base extension wall, the base plate and the diaphragm jointly enclose A front acoustic cavity, the front cover is provided with a through hole penetrating the front cover along the vibration direction, and the through hole connects the front acoustic cavity with the outside.
  • the sound emitting device further includes a front cover arranged on a side of the basin frame close to the diaphragm, and the front cover, the base extension wall, the base plate and the diaphragm are jointly enclosed
  • the front sound cavity, the front cover is provided with a through hole penetrating the front sound cavity along the vibration direction, and the through hole connects the front sound cavity to the outside;
  • the front cover passes through the sound hole and is exposed to the base.
  • the sound generating device further includes a breathable damping member attached to the front cover, and the breathable damping member completely covers the through hole.
  • the sound emitting device includes a sound guide shell covering a side of the sound emitting monomer away from the rear shell plate, the sound guide shell has a sound guide cavity forming a side sound structure, and the sound guide cavity is connected to the sound guide cavity.
  • the diaphragm is connected.
  • the housing and the sound-emitting monomer also enclose a sound-guiding cavity forming a side sound-emitting structure, and the sound-guiding cavity is in communication with the diaphragm.
  • the sound emitting device further includes a gas permeable isolator located in the rear acoustic cavity, and the gas permeable isolator is attached to the sound emitting monomer and separates the sound emitting unit from the rear acoustic cavity.
  • the sound emitting device further includes a gas-permeable spacer located in the rear acoustic cavity, and the gas-permeable spacer comprises a spacer body arranged opposite to the rear shell plate, and is spaced by the periphery of the spacer body.
  • the spacer extension part bent and extended in the direction of the rear shell plate and the spacer fixing part bent and extended from the end of the spacer extension part away from the spacer body; the spacer extension part and the rear shell extension
  • the walls are arranged at intervals, and the spacer fixing part is fixed to the rear shell plate; the air-permeable spacer, the rear shell plate and the extension wall of the rear shell jointly enclose a powder filling space.
  • a side of the isolator body close to the sounding unit is recessed in a direction away from the sounding unit to form an avoiding step, and the avoiding step is arranged directly opposite to the leakage portion.
  • the area ratio of the orthographic projection of the sound-producing monomer to the rear shell plate along the vibration direction of the diaphragm and the area of the rear shell plate is at least 2/3.
  • the interval is less than or equal to 1/3 of the width of the fixed surface of the diaphragm fixed to the basin frame.
  • the rear shell, the side wall and the sound emitting monomer jointly enclose a sealed rear sound cavity structure, which is simple in structure, and improves the performance of the sound emitting device on the one hand.
  • the fixed step is formed by extending the side wall into the accommodating space, the side wall surrounds the peripheral side of the basin frame, and the sound emitting unit is directly opposite to one end of the rear shell plate and
  • the fixed steps are fixedly connected.
  • the arrangement of this structure makes the sounding unit fixed on the fixed step, which further improves the reliability of the sounding unit falling, and the fixed step also serves as a limiter. When the sounding unit is installed Therefore, the assembly error between the housing and the sounding monomer can be effectively avoided, thereby improving the assembly efficiency of the sounding device.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sound device of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of Figure 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an embodiment of adding conductive elements of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of another derivative embodiment of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of another embodiment of adding conductive elements of the sound device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is an exploded schematic view of a part of the three-dimensional structure of Fig. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment in which the housing of FIG. 4 forms a side sounding structure
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the sound generating device shown in Fig. 4 added with a breathable spacer;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment structure of the air-permeable spacer in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a derivative embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment in which a positioning piece is added to the sound generating device shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment in which a positioning piece is added to the sound generating device shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a derivative embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 13.
  • the present invention provides a sound emitting device 100, which includes a housing 1 having a housing space and a sound emitting unit 2 accommodated in the housing 1, the sound emitting unit 2 and The housing 1 collectively encloses a sealed rear acoustic cavity 102.
  • the sound unit 2 includes a basin frame 21, a vibration system 22, a magnetic circuit system 23 and a leakage part 24.
  • the vibration system 22 and the magnetic circuit system 23 are respectively supported and fixed to the basin frame 21 and jointly enclose a sounding cavity 103.
  • the magnetic circuit system 23 drives the vibration system 22 to vibrate and produce sound.
  • the vibration system 22 includes a diaphragm 221 fixed to the basin frame 21, and the diaphragm 221 is used for vibrating and sounding.
  • the thickness of the shell 1 is smaller than the thickness of the basin frame 21.
  • the shell 1 is made of a 0.15mm thick steel sheet, which effectively reduces shell vibration.
  • the housing 1 includes a rear shell plate 11 located on the side of the basin frame 21 away from the diaphragm 221 and spaced from the sound-producing unit 2, and is close to the diaphragm from the periphery of the rear shell plate 11
  • the side wall 12 extending in the direction 221 and the fixed step 13 extending from the side wall 12 into the receiving space, the side wall 11 surrounds the peripheral side of the basin frame 21, and the sound emitting unit 2 faces the One end of the rear shell plate 11 is fixedly connected to the fixed step 13;
  • the ratio of the thickness of the shell 1 to the thickness of the basin frame 21 is less than 0.4, so that while the structural strength of the shell 1 is satisfied, the size of the sound emitting device 100 along the direction perpendicular to the vibration direction is increased as little as possible. ; Moreover, the structural strength of the basin frame 21 is guaranteed while occupying as little space as possible.
  • the rear acoustic cavity 102 is jointly enclosed by the rear shell 11, the side wall 12, and the sound emitting unit 2, and the leaking portion 24 is in communication with the rear acoustic cavity 102 so as to pass through the leakage
  • the part 24 connects the sounding cavity 103 with the rear sound cavity 102 to improve low-frequency acoustic performance.
  • the housing 1 is provided with a leakage hole 16 passing through it, and the leakage hole 16 communicates the rear acoustic cavity 102 with the outside, and is used to balance the sound pressure.
  • the fixed step 13 is formed by extending the side wall 12 into the accommodating space, the side wall 12 surrounds the peripheral side of the basin frame 21, and the sound emitting unit 2 faces the rear side.
  • One end of the shell plate 11 is fixedly connected to the fixed step 13.
  • the arrangement of this structure makes the sounding monomer 2 fixed to the fixed step 13, which further improves the reliability of the sounding monomer 2 falling down.
  • the fixed step 13 also serves as a limiter.
  • the side wall 12 is attached to the basin frame 21, or the side wall 12 is spaced from at least one side of the basin frame 21, and the space is less than 3 times the housing 1 thickness of.
  • the arrangement of the interval can make the sound emitting unit 2 be assembled into the housing 1 more quickly, improve the assembly efficiency, and at the same time, will not occupy more lateral space occupied by the sound emitting device 100 perpendicular to the vibration direction.
  • the aforementioned spacing can also be used to increase the volume of the rear acoustic cavity 102 and further improve the acoustic performance.
  • the spacing is less than or equal to that of the diaphragm 221 fixed to the fixing surface (bonding surface) of the basin frame 21. 1/3 of the width.
  • the side wall 12 includes a rear shell extension wall 121 connected to the rear shell plate 11 and a base extension wall 122 that abuts the rear shell extension wall 121.
  • the fixing step 13 is separated from the One end of the rear shell extension wall 121 abutting on the base extension wall 122 is bent and extended into the receiving space.
  • the fixing step 13 may also be a single component.
  • the fixing step 13 may be provided as a flat steel sheet, which is clamped and fixed to the base extension wall 122 and the rear shell extension wall 121 between.
  • the rear shell 11, the rear shell extension wall 121 and the fixed step 13 are integrally formed.
  • the housing 1 further includes a base plate 14 bent and extended from the base extension wall 122 to a direction close to the diaphragm 221.
  • the base extension wall 122 surrounds the peripheral side of the basin frame 21 and is fixedly attached to the peripheral side of the basin frame 21, and the base plate 14 is fixedly connected to an end of the basin frame 21 away from the rear shell plate 11.
  • the base plate 14 is provided with a sounding hole 141 passing through it, and the sounding hole 141 is opposite to the diaphragm 21 and used for sounding.
  • the rear shell 11, the side wall 12 and the sounding monomer 2 jointly enclose and seal the rear sound cavity 102, which has a simple structure and improves the sounding device on the one hand.
  • 100 s acoustic performance, especially low-frequency acoustic performance.
  • the housing 1 forms a vibration absorbing effect, so that the sound emitting device 100 will not cause the mobile terminal to be used in electronic products such as mobile terminals.
  • the shell vibration phenomenon of electronic products effectively increases the user experience effect of customers.
  • the sound-producing unit 2 further includes a front cover 4 arranged on the side of the basin frame 21 close to the diaphragm 221, the front cover 4, the base extension wall 122, and the base plate 14 and the diaphragm 221 jointly enclose the front acoustic cavity 101, the front cover 4 is provided with a through hole 41 penetrating therethrough along the vibration direction, and the through hole 41 connects the front acoustic cavity 101 with the outside.
  • the front cover 4 is a part of the structure of the sound emitting monomer 2, that is, the sound emitting monomer 2 has its own front cover 4.
  • the front cover 4 may not be a part of the sound emitting unit 2, but a part of the sound emitting device 100.
  • the sound emitting device 100 may further include a cover provided on the side of the basin frame 21 close to the diaphragm 221.
  • the front cover 4, the front cover 4, the base extension wall 122, the base plate 14 and the diaphragm 221 collectively enclose a front acoustic cavity 101.
  • the front cover 4 is provided with a through hole 41 penetrating the front cover 4 along the vibration direction, and the through hole 41 connects the front acoustic cavity 101 to the outside. This structural arrangement improves the mid-frequency and high-frequency performance of the sound emitting device 100.
  • the base plate 14 is pressed and fixed to the side of the front cover 4 away from the diaphragm 221, and the front cover 4 passes through the sound hole 141 and is exposed to the base plate. 114.
  • the sound generating device 100 further includes a breathable damping member 5 attached to the front cover 4, and the breathable damping member 5 completely covers the through hole 41.
  • the damping of the breathable damping member 5 can be adjusted in the other direction to adjust the mid-frequency and high-frequency performance of the sound device.
  • the through holes 41 include multiple and are arranged in an array to improve the stability and balance of sound generation.
  • the housing 1 can be made of metal, glass, ceramics and other materials.
  • the housing 1 is made of metal materials, such as steel, iron, copper and the like. It can be designed to be thinner while satisfying the structural strength, thereby further reducing the lateral size of the sound emitting device 100 in the direction perpendicular to the vibration direction.
  • the housing 1 is at least partially grounded, so as to form a shielding effect on the sounding monomer 2, reduce the interference effect of external signals on the sounding monomer 2, and improve reliability.
  • the area ratio of the orthographic projection of the sound-producing unit 2 to the rear shell 11 along the vibration direction of the diaphragm 221 to the rear shell 11 is at least 2/3.
  • This structure can make the size of the sound generating device 100 perpendicular to the vibration direction as small as possible, which satisfies the requirements of forming the acoustic cavity 102 to achieve vibration absorption and improve low-frequency acoustic performance, and it is more convenient to install in products with small lateral dimensions in the assembly space.
  • the sound generating device 100 further includes a gas-permeable spacer located in the rear acoustic cavity 102.
  • a gas-permeable spacer located in the rear acoustic cavity 102.
  • the gas-permeable spacer effectively prevents the sound-absorbing particles. Entering into the space between the magnetic circuit system 23 and the vibration system 22 avoids the risk of sound failure and improves reliability.
  • the housing 301 is made of a metal material, such as steel, iron, copper, etc., for example, the housing 301 is made of a steel sheet with a thickness of 0.15 mm.
  • the housing 301 is made of a metal material and can be made thinner with the same structural strength, thereby further reducing the horizontal size of the sound emitting device 300 along the direction of vibration.
  • the main difference from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is that: the embodiment also includes a conductive member 6.
  • the sound emitting device 300 further includes a conductive member 6, one end of the conductive member 6 is connected to the housing 301, and the other end of the conductive member 6 is used for grounding, thereby forming a shielding effect, so that the sounding unit 300 avoids external electromagnetic interference and has better working reliability.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of another derivative embodiment of FIG.
  • the side wall 4012 is formed to extend in a direction away from the basin frame, and is located on the outside of the housing 401.
  • FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of another embodiment of adding conductive elements of the sound device of the present invention.
  • the difference between this embodiment and the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 lies in the structure and function of the conductive member.
  • the sound emitting device 500 further includes a conductive member 506, and the conductive member 506 includes two mutually insulated electrical paths, one of the electrical paths is used to connect the sound emitting monomer 502 with an external electrical signal, It is used to supply power to the sound emitting unit 502, and the other electrical path is used to connect the housing 501 and the ground to form a shield for the sound emitting unit 502.
  • the conductive member 506 is used to form a shielding effect together with the housing 501, and is also used to supply power to the sound generating unit 502, which has a simpler structure and can achieve dual functions.
  • the conductive member 506 has an FPC structure. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, the conductive member 506 includes a first arm 5061 penetrating through the side wall 5012, a second arm 5062 extending from opposite ends of the first arm 5061 toward the basin frame 5021 A third arm 5064 extending from the first wall 5061 in a direction away from the basin frame 5021 and a fourth arm 5064 extending from the first wall 5061 in a direction away from the basin frame 5021.
  • the first arm 5061 is electrically connected to the housing 501; the second arm 5062 is fixed to the basin frame 5021 and is electrically connected to the sound emitting unit 502 to supply power to the sound emitting unit 502; the third arm 5063 Used to connect external electrical signals; the fourth arm 5064 is used to ground. That is, the first arm 5061 and the fourth arm 5064 jointly connect the housing 501 to the ground to form an electrical path for shielding the sound emitting unit 502; the first arm 5061, the second arm 5062, and The third arm 5063 jointly realizes the electrical connection between the sound emitting unit 502 and the external electrical signal, and is realized as another electrical path through which the sound emitting unit 502 communicates with the external electrical signal.
  • FIG. 9 it is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment in which side sound is formed on the basis of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4. That is to say, the sound-producing device forms a sound-producing structure from the front side.
  • the sound-emitting device 100 includes a sound-conducting shell 15 covering a side of the sound-emitting unit 2 away from the rear shell 12, and the sound-conducting shell 15 has a sound-guiding cavity 30 forming a side sound-emitting structure.
  • the sound guide cavity 30 is in communication with the diaphragm 221.
  • the side sound structure can better guide the sound, which is convenient for use when the front sound is blocked, and the use flexibility is higher.
  • the sound guide shell 15 and the diaphragm 221 jointly enclose a sound guide cavity 30.
  • the sound conducting shell 15 includes a sound conducting shell plate 151 spaced and opposed to the diaphragm 221, and a peripheral edge of the acoustic conducting shell plate 151 is bent and extended toward the sound emitting unit 2 and supported and fixed to the
  • the sound-guiding shell extension wall 152 at the periphery of the sounding monomer 2 is provided with a sound-guiding hole 153 penetrating the sound-guiding shell extension wall 152 to form a side sounding structure, which is convenient for flexible use of different installation positions.
  • the communication between the sound guiding cavity 30 and the diaphragm 221 may be direct communication, or the diaphragm 221 may communicate with the sound guiding cavity 30 through the front acoustic cavity 101, which is easily understood by those skilled in the art.
  • the sound conducting shell 15 is a component of the sound emitting device 100 and does not belong to the housing 1.
  • the sound conducting shell 15 When the sound conducting shell 15 is understood as a part of the shell 1, it is also feasible, that is, the sound conducting shell 15 may be a part of the shell 1. In this case, it is the shell 1 and the sound emitting monomer. 2 is also enclosed to form a sound guide cavity 30 forming a side sounding structure, and the sound guide cavity 30 is in communication with the diaphragm 221.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of adding air-permeable spacers to the sound emitting device shown in FIG. 4.
  • the sound emitting device 100 further includes a gas-permeable isolator 7 located in the rear acoustic cavity 102, and the gas-permeable isolator 7 is attached to the sound monomer 2 and the sound monomer 2 is removed from the rear sound cavity.
  • the acoustic cavity 102 is partitioned.
  • the air-permeable spacer 7 prevents the sound-absorbing particles from entering the sound-producing monomer 2 and affecting its acoustic performance, thereby improving the reliability of sound production.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the air-permeable spacer in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10.
  • the sound generating device 600 further includes a gas-permeable spacer 607 located in the rear acoustic cavity 60102, and the gas-permeable spacer 607 includes a spacer body 6071 arranged opposite to the rear shell plate 6011 at intervals.
  • a spacer extension portion 6072 extending from the periphery of the spacer in the direction of the rear shell 6011 and a spacer fixing portion 6073 bending and extending from an end of the spacer extension portion 6072 away from the spacer body 6071.
  • the spacer extension 6072 is spaced apart from the rear shell extension wall 60121, the spacer fixing part 6073 is fixed to the rear shell panel 6011; the air-permeable spacer 607, the rear shell panel 6011, and the The extension wall 60121 of the rear shell jointly encloses a powder filling space 601.
  • the structure in which the spacer extension 6072 and the rear shell extension wall 60121 are spaced apart can effectively increase the smoothness of ventilation of the rear acoustic cavity 60102 and improve the stability of low-frequency sound production.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a derivative embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11.
  • the side of the isolator body 7071 close to the sounding unit 702 is recessed in a direction away from the sounding unit 702 to form an avoiding step 7074, and the avoiding step 7074 is in line with the leakage portion 7024. Pair set.
  • This structural arrangement can make the leakage of the sounding cavity 7103 of the sounding monomer 702 smoother, thereby improving the sounding performance.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a derivative embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
  • the sound emitting device 800 further includes at least two positioning pieces 8 which are connected to the housing 801 respectively.
  • One end of the positioning piece 8 away from the housing 801 is provided with a positioning hole 81 penetrating through it, which is used to fix and position the sound emitting device 800 and the application terminal, such as a threaded hole.
  • the hole 81 is fixed on the terminal device, which is simple and convenient, and the positioning sheet 8 is provided with at least two positioning sheets 8 to form a positioning fixation more effectively.
  • the two positioning pieces 8 are connected to opposite sides or two diagonal corners of the housing 801, and the symmetrical arrangement makes the sound generating device 800 and the whole terminal have a better positioning and fixation effect.
  • the positioning piece 8 is fixed to the housing 801 by welding, that is, the positioning piece 8 and the housing 801 are a separate structure of two devices.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a derivative embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 13.
  • the positioning piece 908 is formed by extending outward from the housing 901, that is, the positioning piece 908 and the housing 901 are integrally formed
  • the structure is simple to form, reduces the number of components, and improves assembly efficiency.
  • the rear shell, the side wall and the sound emitting monomer jointly enclose a sealed rear sound cavity structure, which is simple in structure, and improves the performance of the sound emitting device on the one hand.
  • the fixed step is formed by extending the side wall into the accommodating space, the side wall surrounds the peripheral side of the basin frame, and the sound emitting unit is directly opposite to one end of the rear shell plate and
  • the fixed steps are fixedly connected.
  • the arrangement of this structure makes the sounding unit fixed on the fixed step, which further improves the reliability of the sounding unit falling, and the fixed step also serves as a limiter. When the sounding unit is installed Therefore, the assembly error between the housing and the sounding unit can be effectively avoided, thereby improving the assembly efficiency of the sounding device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

本实用新型提供了一种发声器件，其包括具有收容空间的壳体和发声单体，发声单体包括盆架、振动系统和磁路系统，振动系统包括固定于盆架的振膜，壳体包括后壳板、侧壁和固定台阶，侧壁环绕盆架周侧，发声单体正对后壳板的一端与固定台阶固定连接；壳体的厚度小于盆架的厚度；侧壁贴合于盆架，或侧壁与盆架的至少一侧设有间隔，且该间隔小于3倍壳体的厚度；后壳板、侧壁及发声单体共同围成后声腔，发声单体设有与后声腔连通的泄露部，壳体设有贯穿其上的泄露孔，泄露孔将后声腔与外界连通。与相关技术相比，本实用新型的发声器件结构简单、声学性能优、用户体验效果好，且发声单体不易跌落。

Description

发声器件 技术领域
本实用新型涉及电声转换领域，尤其涉及一种运用于便携式移动电子产品的发声器件。
 背景技术
发声器件又名扬声器，广泛运用于便携式移动电子产品中，比如手机，实现将音频信号转化为声音播放，发声器件响度大，振幅度。
相关技术的发声器件包括盆架、分别固定于所述盆架的振动系统和具有磁间隙的磁路系统，所述磁路系统驱动所述振动系统振动发声，所述振动系统包括固定于所述盆架的振膜以及固定于所述振膜并插设于所述磁间隙以驱动所述振膜振动发声的音圈。
 技术问题
然而，相关技术的发声器件因不具有后腔结构或后腔为开放式结构，其运用在手机等便携式移动电子产品中时会引起手机壳振的问题，造成用户体验效果不好；而手机空间尺寸有限，发声器件不能设计成现有技术中的带后腔的扬声器箱结构以克服该问题。另外，相关技术中的发声器件的发声单体容易脱落。
因此，实有必要提供一种新的发声器件解决上述技术问题。
 技术解决方案
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种结构简单、声学性能好、用户体验效果好，且发声单体不易跌落的发声器件。
为了达到上述目的，本实用新型提供了一种发声器件，其包括具有收容空间的壳体和固定收容于所述壳体内的发声单体，所述发声单体与所述壳体共同围成密闭的后声腔，所述发声单体包括盆架、分别支撑固定于所述盆架的振动系统和驱动所述振动系统振动发声的磁路系统，所述振动系统包括固定于所述盆架的振膜，所述壳体包括位于所述盆架远离所述振膜一侧且与所述发声单体间隔的后壳板、由所述后壳板的周缘向靠近所述振膜方向延伸的侧壁和自所述侧壁向所述收容空间内延伸的固定台阶，所述侧壁环绕所述盆架周侧，所述发声单体正对所述后壳板的一端与所述固定台阶固定连接；所述壳体的厚度小于所述盆架的厚度；
所述侧壁贴合于所述盆架，或所述侧壁与所述盆架的至少一侧设有间隔，且该间隔小于3倍所述壳体的厚度；
所述后壳板、所述侧壁及所述发声单体共同围成所述后声腔，所述发声单体设有与所述后声腔连通的泄露部，所述壳体设有贯穿其上的泄露孔，所述泄露孔将所述后声腔与外界连通。
优选的，所述侧壁包括与所述后壳板连接的后壳延伸壁以及与所述后壳延伸壁抵接的底座延伸壁，所述固定台阶自所述后壳延伸壁抵接于所述底座延伸壁的一端向所述收容空间内弯折延伸形成。
优选的，所述后壳板、所述后壳延伸壁以及所述固定台阶一体成型。
优选的，所述侧壁包括与所述后壳板连接的后壳延伸壁以及与所述后壳延伸壁抵接的底座延伸壁，所述固定台阶夹设于所述后壳延伸壁和所述底座延伸壁之间。
优选的，所述底座延伸壁环绕所述盆架周侧且与所述盆架周侧固定贴合。
优选的，所述壳体还包括自所述底座延伸壁向靠近所述振膜方向弯折延伸的底座板，所述底座板与所述盆架远离所述后壳板的一端固定连接。
优选的，所述底座板设有贯穿其上的发声孔，所述发声孔与所述振膜相对。
优选的，所述固定台阶设置为呈平板状的钢片。
优选的，所述壳体的厚度与所述盆架的厚度比值小于0.4。
优选的，所述壳体为金属材料制成。
优选的，所述壳体至少部分接地。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括导电件，所述导电件的一端连接于所述壳体，所述导电件的另一端用于接地。
优选的，所述导电件由所述壳体延伸形成。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括导电件，所述导电件包括两条电性通路，其中一条所述电性通路用于连接所述发声单体与外部电信号，另一条所述电性通路用于连接所述壳体与地。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括至少两个定位片，两个所述定位片连接于所述壳体的相对两侧或两对角处，所述定位片远离所述壳体的一端设有贯穿其上的定位孔。
优选的，所述定位片由所述壳体向外延伸形成。
优选的，所述壳体采用0.15mm厚的钢片制成。
优选的，所述发声单体还包括盖设于所述盆架靠近所述振膜一侧的前盖，所述前盖、所述底座延伸壁、所述底座板以及所述振膜共同围成前声腔，所述前盖设有沿所述振动方向贯穿其上的通孔，所述通孔将所述前声腔与外界连接。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括盖设于所述盆架靠近所述振膜一侧的前盖，所述前盖、所述底座延伸壁、所述底座板以及所述振膜共同围成前声腔，所述前盖设有沿所述振动方向贯穿其上的通孔，所述通孔将所述前声腔与外界连接；所述底座板压设固定于所述前盖的周缘远离所述振膜的一侧，所述前盖穿过所述发声孔并外露于所述底座。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括贴设于所述前盖的透气阻尼件，所述透气阻尼件完全覆盖所述通孔。
优选的，所述发声器件包括盖设于所述发声单体远离所述后壳板一侧的导声壳，所述导声壳具有形成侧发声结构的导声腔，所述导声腔与所述振膜连通。
优选的，所述壳体与所述发声单体还围成形成侧发声结构的导声腔，所述导声腔与所述振膜连通。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括位于所述后声腔内的透气隔离件，所述透气隔离件贴设于所述发声单体并将所述发声单体从所述后声腔内分隔。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括位于所述后声腔内的透气隔离件，所述透气隔离件包括与所述后壳板间隔相对设置的隔离件本体、由所述隔离件本体的周缘向所述后壳板方向弯折延伸的隔离件延伸部以及由所述隔离件延伸部远离所述隔离件本体的一端弯折延伸的隔离件固定部；所述隔离件延伸部与所述后壳延伸壁间隔设置，所述隔离件固定部固定于所述后壳板；所述透气隔离件、所述后壳板以及所述后壳延伸壁共同围成灌粉空间。
优选的，所述隔离件本体靠近所述发声单体的一侧向远离所述发声单体方向凹陷形成避让台阶，所述避让台阶与所述泄露部正对设置。
优选的，所述发声单体沿所述振膜的振动方向向所述后壳板的正投影与所述后壳板的面积比至少为2/3。
优选的，所述间隔小于或等于所述振膜固定于所述盆架的固定面的宽度的1/3。
 有益效果
与相关技术相比，本实用新型的发声器件中，所述后壳板、所述侧壁及所述发声单体共同围成密封的后声腔结构，其结构简单，一方面改善了发声器件的声学性能，特别是低频声学性能，另一方面因后声腔结构的存在，壳体形成吸振作用，使得所述发声器件运用于移动终端等电子产品中后不会使移动终端等电子产品产生壳振现象，有效增加了客户的用户体验效果。另一方面，所述固定台阶由所述侧壁向所述收容空间内延伸形成，所述侧壁环绕所述盆架周侧，且所述发声单体正对所述后壳板的一端与所述固定台阶固定连接。该结构的设置，使得发声单体固定于所述固定台阶，进一步的改善了所述发声单体跌落的可靠性，并且所述固定台阶还起到了限位作用，在安装所述发声单体时，可有效避免壳体与发声单体之间的装配误差，进而提升了所述发声器件的装配效率。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本实用新型实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本实用新型的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图，其中：
图1为本实用新型发声器件的立体结构示意图；
图2为本实用新型发声器件的立体结构分解示意图；
图3为沿图1中A-A线的剖示图；
图4为图3另一实施方式的剖视图；
图5为本实用新型发声器件的增加导电件的实施方式的立体结构示意图；
图6为图5的另一种衍生实施方式的立体结构示意图；
图7为本实用新型发声器件的增加导电件的另一实施方式的立体结构示意图；
图8为图7的部分立体结构分解示意图；
图9为图4的壳体形成侧发声结构的实施方式的结构示意图；
图10为图4所示发声器件增加透气隔离件的结构示意图；
图11为图10所示实施方式中透气隔离件的另一种实施方式结构的示意图；
图12为图11所示实施方式的衍生实施方式结构示意图；
图13为图1所示发声器件增加定位片的实施方式结构示意图；
图14为图13所示实施方式的衍生实施方式结构示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面将结合本实用新型实施例中的附图，对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本实用新型的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本实用新型保护的范围。
请同时参阅图1-4，本实用新型提供了一种发声器件100，其包括具有收容空间的壳体1和收容于所述壳体1内的发声单体2，所述发声单体2与所述壳体1共同围成密闭的后声腔102。
所述发声单体2包括盆架21、振动系统22、磁路系统23以及泄露部24。
所述振动系统22和所述磁路系统23分别支撑固定于所述盆架21并共同围成发声内腔103，所述磁路系统23驱动所述振动系统22振动发声。
所述振动系统22包括固定于所述盆架21的振膜221，所述振膜221用于振动发声。
本实施方式中，所述壳体1的厚度小于所述盆架21的厚度，优选的，所述壳体1用0.15mm厚的钢片制成，有效减小壳振。
所述壳体1包括位于所述盆架21远离所述振膜221一侧且与所述发声单体2间隔的后壳板11、由所述后壳板11的周缘向靠近所述振膜221方向延伸的侧壁12和自所述侧壁12向所述收容空间内延伸的固定台阶13，所述侧壁11环绕所述盆架21周侧，所述发声单体2正对所述后壳板11的一端与所述固定台阶13固定连接；
本实施方式中，所述壳体1厚度与所述盆架21的厚度比值小于0.4，从而在满足壳体1的结构强度的同时，尽可能小的增加发声器件100沿垂直于振动方向的尺寸；而且也使得盆架21的结构强度得到保障的同时尽可能少的占用空间体积。
具体的，所述后声腔102由所述后壳板11、所述侧壁12及所述发声单体2共同围成，所述泄露部24与所述后声腔102连通，从而通过所述泄露部24将所述发声内腔103与所述后声腔102连通，用以改善低频声学性能。所述壳体1设有贯穿其上的泄露孔16，所述泄露孔16将所述后声腔102与外界连通，用于平衡声压。
上述结构中，所述固定台阶13由所述侧壁12向所述收容空间内延伸形成，所述侧壁12环绕所述盆架21周侧，且所述发声单体2正对所述后壳板11的一端与所述固定台阶13固定连接。该结构的设置，使得发声单体2固定于所述固定台阶13，进一步的改善了所述发声单体2跌落的可靠性，另外，所述固定台阶13还起到了限位作用，在安装所述发声单体2时，可有效避免壳体1与所述发声单体2之间的装配误差，进而提升了所述发声器件100的装配效率。
本实施方式中，所述侧壁12贴合于所述盆架21，或所述侧壁12与所述盆架21的至少一侧设有间隔，且该间隔小于3倍所述壳体1的厚度。该间隔的设置可使得发声单体2更快捷装配至壳体1中，提高装配效率，同时也不会更多占用发声器件100在垂直于所述振动方向所占用的横向空间。另外，上述间隔还可用以增加后声腔102的体积，进一步改善声学性能，本实施方式中，所述间隔小于或等于所述振膜221固定于所述盆架21的固定面（胶合面）的宽度的1/3。
所述侧壁12包括与所述后壳板11连接的后壳延伸壁121以及与所述后壳延伸壁121抵接的底座延伸壁122，本实施方式中，所述固定台阶13自所述后壳延伸壁121抵接于所述底座延伸壁122的一端向所述收容空间内弯折延伸形成。或者，所述固定台阶13也可以为单独一个部件，比如，所述固定台阶13可以设置为呈平板状的钢片，其夹设固定于所述底座延伸壁122和所述后壳延伸壁121之间。
为了简化装配工艺，所述后壳板11、所述后壳延伸壁121以及所述固定台阶13一体成型设置。
进一步的，所述壳体1还包括自所述底座延伸壁122向靠近所述振膜221方向弯折延伸的底座板14。所述底座延伸壁122环绕所述盆架21周侧且与所述盆架21周侧固定贴合，所述底座板14与所述盆架21远离所述后壳板11的一端固定连接。所述底座板14设有贯穿其上的发声孔141，所述发声孔141与所述振膜21相对，用于发声。
至此，本实用新型的上述发声器件100，所述后壳板11、所述侧壁12及所述发声单体2共同围成密封所述后声腔102，其结构简单，一方面改善了发声器件100的声学性能，特别是低频声学性能，另一方面因后声腔102结构的存在，壳体1形成吸振作用，使得所述发声器件100运用于移动终端等电子产品中后不会使移动终端等电子产品产生壳振现象，有效增加了客户的用户体验效果。
更优的，所述发声单体2还包括盖设于所述盆架21靠近所述振膜221一侧的前盖4，所述前盖4、所述底座延伸壁122、所述底座板14以及所述振膜221共同围成前声腔101，所述前盖4设有沿所述振动方向贯穿其上的通孔41，所述通孔41将所述前声腔101与外界连接。本实施方式中，所述前盖4属于发声单体2的一部分结构，即发声单体2自带前盖4。
或者，前盖4也可以不是发声单体2的一部分结构，而是发声器件100的一个部件，比如，所述发声器件100还包括盖设于所述盆架21靠近所述振膜221一侧的前盖4，所述前盖4、所述底座延伸壁122、所述底座板14以及所述振膜221共同围成前声腔101。所述前盖4设有沿所述振动方向贯穿其上的通孔41，所述通孔41将所述前声腔101与外界连接，该结构设置使改善了发声器件100的中频高频性能。本实施方式中，所述底座板14压设固定于所述前盖4的周缘远离所述振膜221的一侧，所述前盖4穿过所述发声孔141并外露于所述底座板114。
为了进一步改善发声器件100的中频高频性能，所述发声器件100还包括贴设于所述前盖4的透气阻尼件5，所述透气阻尼件5完全覆盖所述通孔41，一方面用于防异物进入前声腔101，另一方向可通过调节所述透气阻尼件5的阻尼以调节发声器件的中频高频性能。
本实施方式中，所述通孔41包括多个且呈阵列排布，用于改善发声稳定性和平衡性。
本实施方式中，所述壳体1可为金属、玻璃、陶瓷等材料制成。优选为壳体1为金属材料制成，如钢、铁、铜等。其可在满足结构强度的同时设计更薄，从而进一步减小发声器件100在沿垂直于振动方向的横向尺寸。
更优的，所述壳体1至少部分接地，从而可形成对发声单体2屏蔽作用，减小外部信号对发声单体2的干涉影响，提高可靠性。
本实施方式中，所述发声单体2沿所述振膜221的振动方向向所述后壳板11的正投影与所述后壳板11的面积比至少为2/3。该结构可使得发声器件100在其垂直于振动方向的尺寸尽可能小，满足形成后声腔102实现吸振、提高低频声学性能的同时，更便于安装于装配空间横向尺寸小的产品。
更优的，所述发声器件100还包括位于所述后声腔102内的透气隔离件，当所述后声腔102内填充吸音材料，如吸音颗粒时，所述透气隔离件有效的防止了吸音颗粒进入磁路系统23和振动系统22之间的空间内，避免了发声失效的风险，提高了可靠性。
请结合图5所示图，为本实用新型发声器件的增加导电件的实施方式的立体结构示意图。所述发声器件300中，所述壳体301为金属材料制成，如钢、铁、铜等，比如，所述壳体301均用0.15mm厚的钢片制成。
壳体301通过金属材料制成可在同样结构强度的情况下，做到更薄，从而进一步减小发声器件300的沿垂直于振动方向的水平尺寸。其与图1所示实施方式的主要区别点在于：该实施方式中还包括设置导电件6。
具体的，所述发声器件300还包括导电件6，所述导电件6的一端连接于所述壳体301，所述导电件6的另一端用于接地，从而形成屏蔽作用，使得发声单体300避免受外界电磁干扰，工作可靠性更好。
请结合图6，为图5的另一种衍生实施方式的立体结构示意图，即所述发声器件400中，所述导电件406与壳体401为一体结构，比如，所述导电件406由所述侧壁4012向远离所述盆架的方向延伸形成，位于壳体401的外侧。
请结合图7所示，为本实用新型发声器件的增加导电件的另一实施方式的立体结构示意图。该实施方式与图5所示的实施方式区别在于，导电件的结构和功能不同。
具体的，所述发声器件500还包括导电件506，所述导电件506包括两条相互绝缘的电性通路，其中一条所述电性通路用于连接所述发声单体502与外部电信号，用于为发声单体502供电，另一条所述电性通路用于连接所述壳体501与地，形成对发声单体502的屏蔽。本实施例中，导电件506则即用于与壳体501共同形成屏蔽作用，而且还用于为发声单体502供电，结构更简单且能实现双重功能。
比如导电件506为一FPC结构。具体如图8所示，所述导电件506包括贯穿所述侧壁5012的第一臂5061、由所述第一臂5061的相对两端向所述盆架5021方向延伸的第二臂5062、由所述第一壁5061向远离所述盆架5021方向延伸的第三臂5064以及由所述第一壁5061向远离所述盆架5021方向延伸的第四臂5064。
所述第一臂5061与所述壳体501电连接；所述第二臂5062固定于所述盆架5021并与发声单体502电连接，为发声单体502供电；所述第三臂5063用于连接外部电信号；所述第四臂5064用于接地。即第一臂5061和第四臂5064共同实现将所述壳体501与地连接，形成对发声单体502实现屏蔽的一条电性通路；所述第一臂5061、所述第二臂5062以及所述第三臂5063共同实现将发声单体502与外部电信号电连接，实现为发声单体502与外部电信号连通的另一条电性通路。
如图9所示，为在图4所示实施方式基础上形成侧发声的实施方式的结构示意图。即将发声器件由正面发声形成侧面发声结构。
具体的，所述发声器件100包括盖设于所述发声单体2远离所述后壳12一侧的导声壳15，所述导声壳15具有形成侧发声结构的导声腔30，所述导声腔30与所述振膜221连通。该侧发声结构可更好的引导发声，便于正面发声被挡的情况下使用，使用灵活性更高。
比如，所述导声壳15及所述振膜221共同围成导声腔30。具体的，所述导声壳15包括与所述振膜221间隔相对的导声壳板151以及由所述导声壳板151的周缘向所述发声单体2弯折延伸并支撑固定于所述发声单体2周缘的导声壳延伸壁152，所述导声壳延伸壁152设有贯穿其上的导声孔153，从而形成侧发声结构，便于安装位置不同的灵活运用。
需要说明的是，导声腔30与振膜221连通可以是直接连通，也可以是振膜221经前声腔101再与导声腔30连通，这是本领域技术人员容易理解的。此时，理解为导声壳15为发声器件100的一个器件，而不属于壳体1。
当将导声壳15理解为壳体1的一部分，这也是可行的，即所述导声壳15可以是壳体1的一部分，此时，则为所述壳体1与所述发声单体2还围成形成侧发声结构的导声腔30，所述导声腔30与所述振膜221连通。
请结合图10所示，为图4所示发声器件中增加透气隔离件的结构示意图。具体的，所述发声器件100还包括位于所述后声腔102内的透气隔离件7，所述透气隔离7件贴设于所述发声单体2并将所述发声单体2从所述后声腔102内分隔，当后声腔102中填充吸音颗粒时，透气隔离件7则防止了吸音颗粒进入发声单体2内部而影响其声学性能，提高发声了可靠性。
请结合图11所示，图10所示实施方式中透气隔离件的具体结构的示意图。所述发声器件600还包括位于所述后声腔60102内的透气隔离件607，所述透气隔离件607包括与所述后壳板6011间隔相对设置的隔离件本体6071、由所述隔离件本体6071的周缘向所述后壳板6011方向弯折延伸的隔离件延伸部6072以及由所述隔离件延伸部6072远离所述隔离件本体6071的一端弯折延伸的隔离件固定部6073。
所述隔离件延伸部6072与所述后壳延伸壁60121间隔设置，所述隔离件固定部6073固定于所述后壳板6011；所述透气隔离件607、所述后壳板6011及所述后壳延伸壁60121共同围成灌粉空间601。其中，所述隔离件延伸部6072与所述后壳延伸壁60121间隔设置的结构可有效增加后声腔60102的通气顺畅性，提高低频发声性能的稳定性。
请结合图12所示，为图11所示实施方式的衍生实施方式结构示意图。所述发声器件700中，所述隔离件本体7071靠近所述发声单体702的一侧向远离所述发声单体702方向凹陷形成避让台阶7074，所述避让台阶7074与所述泄露部7024正对设置。该结构设置可使发声单体702的发声内腔7103的泄露更顺畅，从而改善发声性能。
请结合图13所示，为图1所示实施方式的衍生实施方式结构示意图。所述发声器件800还包括至少两个定位片8并分别与壳体801连接。所述定位片8远离所述壳体801的一端设有贯穿其上的定位孔81，用于将发声器件800与运用终端整机固定定位，比如为螺纹孔，使用螺钉则可通过所述定位孔81固定在终端整机，简单方便，而定位片8设置至少两个可更有效的形成定位固定。为了进一步提高固定稳定性，两个所述定位片8连接于所述壳体801的相对两侧或两对角处，对称设置使发声器件800与终端整机定位固定效果更优。本实施方式中，定位片8通过焊接固定于壳体801，即定位片8与壳体801为两个器件的分体结构。
请结合图14所示，为图13所示实施方式的衍生实施方式结构示意图。其与图13所示实施方式的区别在于，本实施方式中的发声器件900中，所述定位片908中由所述壳体901向外延伸形成，即定位片908与壳体901为一体成型结构，成型简单，减少器件数量，提高装配效率。
与相关技术相比，本实用新型的发声器件中，所述后壳板、所述侧壁及所述发声单体共同围成密封的后声腔结构，其结构简单，一方面改善了发声器件的声学性能，特别是低频声学性能，另一方面因后声腔结构的存在，壳体形成吸振作用，使得所述发声器件运用于移动终端等电子产品中后不会使移动终端等电子产品产生壳振现象，有效增加了客户的用户体验效果。另一方面，所述固定台阶由所述侧壁向所述收容空间内延伸形成，所述侧壁环绕所述盆架周侧，且所述发声单体正对所述后壳板的一端与所述固定台阶固定连接。该结构的设置，使得发声单体固定于所述固定台阶，进一步的改善了所述发声单体跌落的可靠性，并且所述固定台阶还起到了限位作用，在安装所述发声单体时，可有效避免壳体与发声单体之间的装配误差，进而提升了所述发声器件的装配效率。
以上所述的仅是本实用新型的实施方式，在此应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本实用新型创造构思的前提下，还可以做出改进，但这些均属于本实用新型的保护范围。

Claims (27)

  1. 一种发声器件，其包括具有收容空间的壳体和固定收容于所述壳体内的发声单体，所述发声单体与所述壳体共同围成密闭的后声腔，所述发声单体包括盆架、分别支撑固定于所述盆架的振动系统和驱动所述振动系统振动发声的磁路系统，所述振动系统包括固定于所述盆架的振膜，其特征在于，所述壳体包括位于所述盆架远离所述振膜一侧且与所述发声单体间隔的后壳板、由所述后壳板的周缘向靠近所述振膜方向延伸的侧壁和自所述侧壁向所述收容空间内延伸的固定台阶，所述侧壁环绕所述盆架周侧，所述发声单体正对所述后壳板的一端与所述固定台阶固定连接；所述壳体的厚度小于所述盆架的厚度；
    所述侧壁贴合于所述盆架，或所述侧壁与所述盆架的至少一侧设有间隔，且该间隔小于3倍所述壳体的厚度；
    所述后壳板、所述侧壁及所述发声单体共同围成所述后声腔，所述发声单体设有与所述后声腔连通的泄露部，所述壳体设有贯穿其上的泄露孔，所述泄露孔将所述后声腔与外界连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述侧壁包括与所述后壳板连接的后壳延伸壁以及与所述后壳延伸壁抵接的底座延伸壁，所述固定台阶自所述后壳延伸壁抵接于所述底座延伸壁的一端向所述收容空间内弯折延伸形成。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述后壳板、所述后壳延伸壁以及所述固定台阶一体成型。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述侧壁包括与所述后壳板连接的后壳延伸壁以及与所述后壳延伸壁抵接的底座延伸壁，所述固定台阶夹设于所述后壳延伸壁和所述底座延伸壁之间。
  5. 根据权利要求2或4所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述底座延伸壁环绕所述盆架周侧且与所述盆架周侧固定贴合。
  6. 根据权利要求2或4所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述壳体还包括自所述底座延伸壁向靠近所述振膜方向弯折延伸的底座板，所述底座板与所述盆架远离所述后壳板的一端固定连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述底座板设有贯穿其上的发声孔，所述发声孔与所述振膜相对。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述固定台阶设置为呈平板状的钢片。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述壳体的厚度与所述盆架的厚度比值小于0.4。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述壳体为金属材料制成。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述壳体至少部分接地。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括导电件，所述导电件的一端连接于所述壳体，所述导电件的另一端用于接地。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述导电件由所述壳体延伸形成。
  14. 根据权利要求10所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括导电件，所述导电件包括两条电性通路，其中一条所述电性通路用于连接所述发声单体与外部电信号，另一条所述电性通路用于连接所述壳体与地。
  15. 根据权利要求10所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括至少两个定位片，两个所述定位片连接于所述壳体的相对两侧或两对角处，所述定位片远离所述壳体的一端设有贯穿其上的定位孔。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述定位片由所述壳体向外延伸形成。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述壳体采用0.15mm厚的钢片制成。
  18. 根据权利要求7所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声单体还包括盖设于所述盆架靠近所述振膜一侧的前盖，所述前盖、所述底座延伸壁、所述底座板以及所述振膜共同围成前声腔，所述前盖设有沿所述振动方向贯穿其上的通孔，所述通孔将所述前声腔与外界连接。
  19. 根据权利要求7所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括盖设于所述盆架靠近所述振膜一侧的前盖，所述前盖、所述底座延伸壁、所述底座板以及所述振膜共同围成前声腔，所述前盖设有沿所述振动方向贯穿其上的通孔，所述通孔将所述前声腔与外界连接；所述底座板压设固定于所述前盖的周缘远离所述振膜的一侧，所述前盖穿过所述发声孔并外露于所述底座。
  20. 根据权利要求18或19所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括贴设于所述前盖的透气阻尼件，所述透气阻尼件完全覆盖所述通孔。
  21. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件包括盖设于所述发声单体远离所述后壳板一侧的导声壳，所述导声壳具有形成侧发声结构的导声腔，所述导声腔与所述振膜连通。
  22. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述壳体与所述发声单体还围成形成侧发声结构的导声腔，所述导声腔与所述振膜连通。
  23. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括位于所述后声腔内的透气隔离件，所述透气隔离件贴设于所述发声单体并将所述发声单体从所述后声腔内分隔。
  24. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括位于所述后声腔内的透气隔离件，所述透气隔离件包括与所述后壳板间隔相对设置的隔离件本体、由所述隔离件本体的周缘向所述后壳板方向弯折延伸的隔离件延伸部以及由所述隔离件延伸部远离所述隔离件本体的一端弯折延伸的隔离件固定部；所述隔离件延伸部与所述后壳延伸壁间隔设置，所述隔离件固定部固定于所述后壳板；所述透气隔离件、所述后壳板以及所述后壳延伸壁共同围成灌粉空间。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述隔离件本体靠近所述发声单体的一侧向远离所述发声单体方向凹陷形成避让台阶，所述避让台阶与所述泄露部正对设置。
  26. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声单体沿所述振膜的振动方向向所述后壳板的正投影与所述后壳板的面积比至少为2/3。
  27. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述间隔小于或等于所述振膜固定于所述盆架的固定面的宽度的1/3。
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