WO2024033415A1 - Procédé de construction d'un bâtiment et d'installation d'une unité d'ascenseur dans le bâtiment - Google Patents

Procédé de construction d'un bâtiment et d'installation d'une unité d'ascenseur dans le bâtiment Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024033415A1
WO2024033415A1 PCT/EP2023/072048 EP2023072048W WO2024033415A1 WO 2024033415 A1 WO2024033415 A1 WO 2024033415A1 EP 2023072048 W EP2023072048 W EP 2023072048W WO 2024033415 A1 WO2024033415 A1 WO 2024033415A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
elevator
brackets
floor slab
opening
guide rails
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2023/072048
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Akash KALAMBE
Om Prakash
Prasanna POTDAR
Original Assignee
Inventio Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Inventio Ag filed Critical Inventio Ag
Publication of WO2024033415A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024033415A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B11/0005—Constructional features of hoistways
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B19/00—Mining-hoist operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B19/00—Mining-hoist operation
    • B66B19/002—Mining-hoist operation installing or exchanging guide rails
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/02—Guideways; Guides
    • B66B7/023—Mounting means therefor
    • B66B7/024—Lateral supports

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to elevators and more particularly, to a method for constructing at least a building and for installing an elevator unit in the building.
  • the building has an elevator opening formed within a perimeter of each floor slab for installing the elevator unit, without the need of a Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) hoistway.
  • RRC Reinforced Cement Concrete
  • elevators are an essential part of multi-story buildings, such as commercial buildings and residential buildings.
  • elevators are available in different configurations which can be deployed in the building based on factors, such as estimated passengers load, traffic flux, building dimensions, elevator location, and car arrangement.
  • One of the vital factors to be considered for installing the elevator is the location where such an elevator is needed to be installed.
  • it is critical to plan the location of the elevator in a building at an initial stage of construction. This is because the buildings currently include a hoistway formed of concrete walls, such as RCC C2-/25, to accommodate the installation and movement of the elevator.
  • an orientation of the elevator can also not be changed once the hoistway is constructed. This is because the builder is required to leave a space for installation of a landing door at each floor for people to access the elevator. Since the hoistway is made of RCC concrete, these spaces are also to be provided at the time of construction of the superstructure only and cannot be reoriented at a later stage without significant reconstruction. Therefore, the builder does not have the flexibility to change the orientation of the elevator as well at a later stage.
  • RCC in the construction of the hoistway directly adds to the overall construction cost of the building.
  • the cost of the RCC is high.
  • the construction of the RCC hoistways requires additional labour which leads to a substantial increase in the overall labour cost as well.
  • the overall time required for completion of the building construction is also increased.
  • WO 2013/186096 Al describes a method and a mounting system for mounting lift components of a lift system in a vertical shaft of a building with a mounting system which can be moved in the shaft.
  • the lift system has at least one cage which can travel along guide rails in the shaft.
  • the mounting system positioned in the shaft includes a support platform and a mounting platform disposed one above the other and a lifting and pulling device.
  • the support platform and the mounting platform are alternatively fixed in position in the shaft and the platform which is not fixed in position at any one time is displaced in the vertical direction by means of the lifting and pulling device relative to the platform fixed in position.
  • the lift components are needed to be mounted in the vertical shaft, such as the RCC shaft, of the building.
  • the method for constructing a building comprising an elevator unit is disclosed in the present invention.
  • the method may include providing a building shell having a plurality of floor slabs and elevator openings formed within a perimeter of each floor slab of the building shell (step a). Further, the method may include installing a plurality of guide rails of the elevator unit, on each floor slab at an elevator opening (steb b).
  • the guide rails may preferably be installed by being supported on a plurality of first brackets, of the elevator unit, mounted on at least one floor slab.
  • the plurality of guide rails may be installed to guide movement of at least one of an elevator car and a counterweight assembly in a vertical direction.
  • the method may include fixing at least one partition wall between consecutive floor slabs and at the elevator openings of the consecutive floor slabs to conceal the elevator openings from at least one side to define an elevator shaft (step c). These steps shall be carried out in the order as listed above (i.e a, b, c).
  • the building shell may be provided with the elevator openings for enabling installation of the elevator unit and its sub-components.
  • the plurality of first brackets may be directly mounted on the floor slab and the plurality of guide rails may be supported on the plurality of first brackets.
  • various sub-components, such as the guide rails for an elevator car and a counterweight assembly may be directly supported on the floor slab of each of the floors of the building and thereby, rendering the requirement for constructing any RCC shaft around the elevator openings of the floor slabs.
  • the installation of various sub-components of the elevator unit may be performed directly from the floor slab through the elevator opening formed in each of the floor slabs.
  • the elevator opening is opened from each side which provides flexibility for installing brackets, from any side of the elevator opening, to support the guide rails. This eliminates the requirement of installing the brackets from within the hoistway, such as the RCC shaft, and thereby, increasing overall safety during the installation of the elevator unit.
  • the overall cost for building construction and installation of the elevator unit is substantially reduced.
  • the time required for installing the elevator unit is substantially reduced.
  • elimination of the RCC shaft provides flexibility to a builder to vary the dimension of the elevator opening formed in each of the floor slabs and thereby, varying the overall dimension of the hoistway.
  • the elimination of the RCC shaft provides flexibility to the builder to finalize the location of the elevator openings in the floor slabs even after completing the construction of the superstructure of the building. This substantially reduces the overall time consumed during construction planning for the building, as the builder can plan a location for installing the elevator unit even after completing the construction of the building.
  • the RCC shaft wall may usually be constructed with 30 mm variation, along a height of the RCC shaft, between mounting locations of the brackets defined on a wall of the RCC shaft.
  • the variation between mounting locations is beyond 30 mm, then either a portion of the wall respective to such mounting location requires to be reworked for achieving optimal variation or mounting locations of the brackets needed to be changed to mount and align the brackets.
  • a construction worker may need to physically enter the hoistway defined by the RCC shaft using safety equipment, such safety harness. Therefore, re-working the undulation of the RCC shaft may be difficult compared to the re-working of the elevator opening of the floor slabs.
  • the re-working, such as chipping process, of mounting locations on the periphery of the floor slab may be performed directly from the floor slab through the elevator opening without requiring the construction worker to physically enter the hoistway in order to maintain optimal variation between mounting locations for mounting the bracket.
  • the mounting locations of the brackets may be simply changed while standing on the floor slabs to align the brackets for supporting guide rails. Therefore, implementation of the method for installing the elevator unit in the elevator openings of the building without the RCC shaft results in higher error tolerances compared to the implementation of the conventional installation method in the RCC shaft.
  • At least one partition wall may be fixed between consecutive floor slabs and at the elevator openings of the consecutive floor slabs to conceal the elevator openings from at least one side to define an elevator shaft.
  • a space defined between two consecutive floors and in the vicinity of the elevator opening of each floor may be covered with the partition walls.
  • such partition walls may be removably positioned around the elevator opening of each of the floor slabs.
  • a further step of the method may include mounting a plurality of first brackets on a periphery of the elevator opening on at least one floor slab for installing and supporting the plurality of guide rails thereon.
  • said further step can be done during or within previously mentioned step b).
  • the periphery may be defined by vertical surfaces of each floor slab forming the elevator opening. Owing to the positioning of the first brackets on the periphery, the load of the elevator car and the counterweight assembly acting on the guide rails in a lateral direction are transferred to the floor slabs compared to the conventional installation method which results in a transfer of the loads to the walls of the RCC shaft.
  • the first brackets may be mounted from outside the elevator opening by installation personnel and/or a bracket installation robot while standing on a horizontal surface of the floor slab, adjacent to the elevator opening.
  • the installation personnel and/or the bracket installation robot may access the periphery of the floor slab from any side of the elevator opening to mount the first brackets. This eliminates the requirement of physically traversing in the hoistway to mount the brackets at different locations within such a hoistway.
  • the first brackets may be mounted on the floor slab simultaneously from more than one side of the elevator opening.
  • first brackets are mounted from two opposite sides of the elevator opening, whereby the mounting takes place by installation personnel and/or a bracket installation robot standing on the floor slab on two opposite sides, respectively.
  • the installation personnel can easily get access to the respective place of assembly.
  • the first brackets may be mounted manually by the installation personnel with the aid of appropriate assembly tools. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the first brackets may be at least partially or completely automatically mounted with an aid of automated mounting devices, such as installation robots.
  • a further step of the method may include mounting a first set of brackets, from among the plurality of first brackets, preferably at a side adjoining to a front side of the periphery of the elevator opening for installing and supporting a plurality of counterweight guide rails, from among the plurality of guide rails, thereon to guide the counterweight assembly in the vertical direction.
  • a further step of the method may include mounting a second set of brackets, from among the plurality of first brackets, at a side, of the periphery of the elevator opening, adjoining to the side on which the first set of brackets is mounted.
  • said further step can be done during or within previously mentioned step b).
  • the step may include mounting the second set of brackets at a side opposite to the side on which the first set of brackets is mounted, for installing and supporting a plurality of car guide rails, from among the plurality of guide rails, thereon to guide the elevator car in the vertical direction.
  • the first set of brackets and the second set of brackets may be directly supported on the floor slabs and, the guide rails are thereafter supported on the first set of brackets and the second set of brackets.
  • the load of the elevator car and the counterweight acting on the guide rails in the lateral direction are transferred to the floor slabs compared to the conventional method which results in a transfer of the load to the walls of the RCC shaft.
  • the lateral direction may be referred to a direction parallel to the floor slabs of the building.
  • the load of the elevator car and the counterweight acting on the rails in a vertical direction is transferred to an elevator pit or the lowest floor of the building via the guide rails.
  • the vertical direction may be referred to as a direction of movement of the elevator car within the hoistway.
  • a further step of the method may include positioning and preferably fastening an anchor portion of at least one of the plurality of first brackets on a horizontal surface, adjacent to the elevator opening, of at least one floor slab, for positioning at least one of the plurality of first brackets on the periphery.
  • the step may include positioning and preferably fastening an anchor portion of at least one of the plurality of first brackets on one of vertical surfaces of at least one floor slab for positioning at least one of the plurality of first brackets on the periphery. This substantially increases overall flexibility in installing the first brackets on different surfaces, such as the horizontal surface and the vertical surfaces, of the floor slab.
  • a further step of the method may include mounting at least one of the plurality of guide rails having a length equal to, one of, greater than 5 meters and 1.5 times greater than a vertical distance between consecutive floor slabs.
  • the vertical distance may be defined as a maximum floor height in the building shell.
  • the guide rails with the aforesaid lengths may be inserted within the hoistway through one of sides of the elevator opening.
  • the building shell may be provided with the elevator opening, on each floor slab, which is opened from each side. This allows the insertion of the guide rails from any of the sides of the elevator opening within the hoistway. This also enhances the overall maneuverability of the guide rails while inserting such guide rails within the hoistway and while positioning such guide rails on the first brackets.
  • the building shell of the present disclosure may eliminate the requirement of lintel at the front side of the elevator opening. This in addition to absence of shaft walls substantially increases the overall vertical distance between the consecutive floor slabs near the elevator opening. Owing to the larger vertical distance between the consecutive floor slabs near the elevator opening, the guide rails having the length equal to 5 meters or 1.5 meters greater than the vertical distance may be easily inserted within the hoistway through one of the sides of the elevator opening.
  • the lintel may be provided at the front side of the elevator opening for installing the landing door.
  • the vertical distance between the consecutive floors is substantially large near the sides, other than the front side, of the elevator opening. This allows insertion of the longer guide rails within the hoistway through the sides, other than the front side, of the elevator opening.
  • the lintel may be provided on more than one sides of the elevator opening. In such an embodiment, the longer guide rails may be inserted within the hoistway through the remaining sides of the elevator opening.
  • a further step of the method may include inserting sub-components of the elevator car and the counterweight assembly, within a hoistway, from more than one side of the elevator opening of one of the floor slabs.
  • a further step of the method may include assembling, the sub-components, to form a structure of the elevator car and the counterweight assembly by accessing the hoistway from more than one side of the elevator opening of one of the floor slabs.
  • the structure of the elevator car may be assembled from outside of the elevator opening by the installation personnel and/or a car assembly robot while standing on one of the floor slabs. This eliminates the requirement, for the installation personnel, to physically enter within the hoistway for assembling the structure of the elevator car and the counterweight assembly.
  • the structure may be assembled from outside of the elevator opening, a requirement of a support platform within an elevator pit for assembling the structure is entirely eliminated. This further reduces the overall cost and time consumption for assembling the elevator car and the counterweight assembly.
  • a further step of the method may include inserting the elevator car within the hoistway from at least one side of the elevator opening of one of the floor slabs.
  • the elevator car may be one of a partially pre-assembled car and a completely pre-assembled car.
  • a further step of the method may include mounting at least one landing door bracket on the periphery of the elevator opening on each floor slab to support a landing door on at least a front side of the elevator opening at a floor slab underneath.
  • the step may include fixing the landing door through at least one landing door bracket in a manner that the landing door is supported by the said floor slab, mounted with at least one landing door bracket, and positioned on at least the front side of the elevator opening at the floor slab underneath. This enables mounting of the landing door directly on the floor slab using the landing door brackets.
  • the landing door brackets may be mounted manually by the assembler with the aid of appropriate assembly tools. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the landing door brackets may be at least partially or completely automatically mounted with an aid of the automated mounting devices, such as installation robots.
  • a further step of the method may include installing a plurality of supporting walls around a periphery of the landing door to support the landing door and to conceal the elevator opening from the side on which the landing door is mounted.
  • a further step of the method may include removably fixing at least one of the partition walls at the elevator opening.
  • the partition walls may be removably fixed around the elevator opening and adapted to be removed to access the elevator shaft from one of the floor slabs.
  • a space defined between two consecutive floors and in the vicinity of the elevator opening of each floor may be covered with the partition walls.
  • Such partition walls may be removably positioned around the elevator opening of each of the floor slabs.
  • This increases overall flexibility for performing any maintenance operation on the elevator unit as the partition walls may be easily removed, from the elevator opening, from more than one side to access the hoistway and sub-components of the elevator unit. Further, this eliminates the requirement for the assembler to physically access the hoistway from within to perform any maintenance operation. Therefore, overall time consumption during maintenance operations is substantially reduced and overall safety increases while performing such operations.
  • a further step of the method includes permanently fixing at least one of the partition walls at the elevator opening.
  • a combination of permanently fixed partition walls and removably fixed partition walls may be provided on at least one floor slab.
  • each partition wall may be permanently fixed around the elevator opening of at least one floor slab.
  • each partition wall may be removably fixed around the elevator opening of at least one floor slab.
  • Such implementations of the partition walls may provide flexibility for users to opt between different combinations of permanent partition walls and removable partition walls based on their requirements. Further, a removably fixed partition wall may be replaced with a permanent partition wall even after the completion of the installation process of the elevator unit.
  • the partition walls may be fixed around the elevator opening upon completion of the installation process of various sub-components, such as the brackets, the guide rails, the elevator car, and the counterweight assembly. This substantially improves the overall accessibility of the hoistway while performing the installation process for the aforesaid components of the elevator unit.
  • the assembler for installing the brackets and/or the guide rails on the floor slab may access the elevator opening from any side of such opening without physically entering the hoistway.
  • a thickness of the plurality of partition walls may be substantially less than thickness of the RCC shaft employed for the conventional installation method. Therefore, replacement of the RCC shaft with the plurality of partition walls may result in an overall increase of Floor Space Index (FSI) as the partition walls may be thinner compared to the RCC shaft. Therefore, the implementation of the partition walls around the hoistway is substantially economical, compared to the implementation of the RCC shaft, for the builder and the user.
  • FSI Floor Space Index
  • the partition walls may be mounted manually by the assembler with the aid of appropriate assembly tools.
  • the partition walls may be at least partially or completely automatically mounted with an aid of automated mounting devices.
  • at least one of the plurality of partition walls may be formed at the building shell by using a slip forming construction.
  • at least one prefabricated partition wall may be provided on at least one floor slab of the building shell.
  • the at least one prefabricated partition wall is formed of at least one of brick, concrete, polymer, composite, glass, and wood.
  • a further step of the method may include fixing at least one wall portion to at least one permanently fixed wall.
  • the at least one wall portion may be, one of, removably fixed and movably fixed to at least one permanently fixed wall.
  • at least one wall portion may be fixed to at least one removably fixed wall.
  • the at least one wall portion may be, one of, removably fixed and movably fixed to at least one removably fixed wall.
  • the wall portion may be removed from the partition wall or pivotally moved with respect to the partition wall for accessing the elevator shaft to perform maintenance operations on the elevator unit or during any emergency scenario.
  • a further step of the method may include fixing at least one of the plurality of partition walls on anchor portions of a first set of brackets, from the plurality of first brackets, in a manner that at least one of the plurality of partition walls at least partially conceals the respective anchor portion.
  • This substantially improves the aesthetic value of the elevator unit and in particular, provides better visual appeal for an area around the concealed elevator opening on each floor slab.
  • a further step of the method may include interchanging a position of each of the plurality of partition walls fixed around the elevator opening to change a position of the landing door.
  • the plurality of partition walls and the landing door conceal the elevator opening on each floor slab of the building shell.
  • the partition wall is removably fixed around the elevator opening, and therefore a position of each of the partition walls may be changed with respect to each other.
  • the position of the landing door may be interchanged with one of the partition walls fixed opposite to the landing door. This provides flexibility for changing the position of the landing door on one or more than one floor slabs of the building.
  • the plurality of partition walls may be removably fixed around the elevator opening in a manner that the position of each of the plurality of partition walls around the elevator opening is changeable with respect to each other to vary positioning of the landing door and to change an orientation of the elevator car and the counterweight with respect to the positioning of the landing door.
  • a further step of the method may include moving the structure of the elevator car along the plurality of car guide rails between each floor slab of the building shell to transport construction material on the structure of the elevator car to each floor slab. Further, the step may include unloading the construction material on one of the floor slabs by accessing the structure of the elevator car from more than one side of the elevator opening of a respective floor slab.
  • This substantially reduces the overall requirement of a physical workforce for carrying the construction material to different floors of the building shell and thereby, reducing the construction cost of the building.
  • the overall time consumed for completing the construction of the building may be substantially reduced.
  • a weight of the structure of the elevator car may be substantially less than a weight of the completely assembled elevator car. Owing to the lighter weight of the structure, construction material with higher weight may be transported to different floors without any requirement for additional power to hoist the structure with such construction material.
  • a further step of the method may include constructing, after fixing at least one partition wall, a structural on vclopc/facadc around the building shell to complete an exterior part of the building. Further, the step may include providing flooring around the partition walls positioned at each elevator opening on each floor slab of the building. Furthermore, the step may include forming at least one interior wall being supported between subsequent floor slabs of the building.
  • the term 'floor slab' refers to a structural feature, usually of constant thickness, that may be formed using concrete (and generally steel reinforcement) and may form part of the structure of the building.
  • the floor slab refers to the structural feature defining each floor/level of the building except the lowest floor, i.e., a floor at a ground level of the building.
  • a top surface of the floor slab may be referred to as a floor and a bottom surface of the floor slab may be referred to as a roof.
  • Elelevator pit refers to an enclosed space formed below the lowest floor, i.e., the floor at the ground level of the building.
  • Elevator opening refers to a through-hole formed between the top surface of the floor slab and the bottom surface of the floor slab.
  • horizontal surface of the floor slab refers to either the top surface and the bottom surface of the floor slab.
  • hoistway refers to a passage, through the elevator opening of each floor slab, extending from a top floor slab of the building to a lowest floor slab of the building.
  • Elevator shaft refers to a shaft defined collectively by the plurality of partition walls and/or landing doors disposed around the elevator openings of the floor slabs.
  • Figure la illustrates a partial perspective view of a building shell depicting installation of an elevator unit, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figures lb and 1c illustrate a partial perspective view of the building shell with an elevator pit depicting installation of the elevator unit, according to another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b illustrate perspective views of the building shell depicting the elevator opening on each floor slab of the building shell for installing the elevator unit, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figures 2c and 2d illustrate perspective views of the building shell with the elevator pit depicting the elevator opening on each floor slab of the building shell for installing the elevator unit, according to another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 3a illustrates a partial perspective view of the building shell depicting installation of a plurality of brackets for installing the elevator unit, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 3b illustrates a perspective view of the elevator opening depicting positioning of the plurality of brackets therein, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 4a illustrates a perspective view of one of first brackets, disposed on a periphery of the elevator opening, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 4b illustrates a perspective view of one of the first brackets disposed on the periphery of the elevator opening, according to another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figures 5a and 5b illustrate perspective views of the building shell depicting positioning of a plurality of guide rails supported on the first brackets, according to different embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Figure 5c illustrates a partial perspective view of the building shell depicting insertion of the guide rails within the hoistway, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure
  • Figure 5d illustrates a partial perspective view of the building shell depicting positioning of the plurality of guide rails supported on the plurality of first brackets, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 5e illustrates a planar view of the plurality of guide rails supported on the plurality of first brackets, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figures 6a and 6b illustrate assembling of a structure of an elevator car and a counterweight assembly, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figures 7a and 7b illustrate perspective views of the building shell depicting installation of the elevator car and the counterweight assembly being supported on the plurality of guide rails, according to different embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Figures 7c and 7d illustrate a partial sectional view and a planar schematic view, respectively, of the building shell depicting installation of the elevator car and the counterweight assembly, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 8 illustrates a partial perspective view of the floor slab depicting installation of a landing door of the elevator unit, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figures 9a and 9b illustrate a perspective view and a partial perspective view, respectively, of the building shell depicting positioning of partition walls around the elevator opening on each floor slab, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 9c illustrates a perspective view of a floor of the building shell depicting positioning of the partition walls around the elevator opening, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figures 10a and 10b illustrate a planar cross-sectional view and a perspective view, respectively, of the building shell depicting a headroom of the building shell for hoisting and accommodating various sub-components of the elevator unit, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • phrases and/or terms such as but not limited to “a first embodiment,” “a further embodiment,” “an alternate embodiment,” “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” “multiple embodiments,” “some embodiments,” “other embodiments,” “further embodiment”, “furthermore embodiment”, “additional embodiment” or variants thereof do NOT necessarily refer to the same embodiments.
  • one or more particular features and/or elements described in connection with one or more embodiments may be found in one embodiment, or may be found in more than one embodiment, or may be found in all embodiments, or may be found in no embodiments.
  • Figure la illustrates a partial perspective view of a building shell 100 depicting installation of an elevator unit 102, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figures lb and 1c illustrate a partial perspective view of the building shell 100 with an elevator pit 101 depicting installation of the elevator unit 102, according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a method may be employed for providing the building shell 100 and installing the elevator unit 102 in the building shell 100.
  • the elevator unit 102 may include, but is not limited to, an elevator car 104 and a counterweight assembly 106.
  • the elevator car 104 may be installed to move through elevator openings 110 provided on each floor slab 108 of the building shell 100.
  • the counterweight assembly 106 may include, but is not limited to, a counterweight frame adapted to support at least one counterweight.
  • the counterweight assembly 106 may be movably coupled to the elevator car 104 via a plurality of traction members (not shown).
  • the counterweight assembly 106 may be adapted to counterbalance a sum of a load of the elevator car 104 and a predetermined load associated with a payload capacity of the elevator car 104.
  • the elevator unit 102 is shown to include the counterweight assembly 106.
  • the method of the present disclosure is equally applicable for installing the elevator units without the counterweight assembly 106, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of the present disclosure cannot be limited to installation of the elevator units having the counterweight assembly 106.
  • the method may be employed for installing one of the elevator car 104 and the counterweight assembly 106 in the building shell 100.
  • the method may further be employed for installing various other sub-components, such as brackets and guide rails, of the elevator unit 102 in the building shell 100.
  • the method may enable installation of the elevator unit 102 in a manner that load of various sub-components of the elevator unit 102 acting in the lateral direction is transferred to each floor slab 108 of the building shell 100 and load of various sub-components of the elevator unit 102 applied in the vertical direction is transferred to an elevator pit 101 or the lowest floor 111, of the building shell 100, via guide rails. This substantially eliminates the requirement of any permanent shaft, such as RCC hoistways, around the elevator openings 110 for installation of such sub-components.
  • a building shell such as the building shell 100
  • a building shell may be provided for installing the elevator unit 102.
  • Figures 2a and 2b illustrate perspective views of the building shell 100 depicting the elevator opening 110 on each floor slab 108 of the building shell 100 for installing the elevator unit 102, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figures 2c and 2d illustrate perspective views of the building shell 100 with the elevator pit 101 depicting the elevator opening 110 on each floor slab 108 of the building shell 100 for installing the elevator unit 102, according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the building shell 100 may include a plurality of floor slabs, such as the floor slabs 108, and the elevator openings 110 formed within a perimeter of each floor slab 108 of the building shell 100.
  • the floor slabs 108 may define different floors of the building shell 100 except the lower floor, i.e., the floor at the ground level of the building shell 100.
  • the floor slabs 108 may individually be referred to as the floor slab 108-1, the floor slab 108-2, , the floor slab 108-n.
  • each floor slab 108 may coaxially align in a vertical direction, along a length of the building shell 100, to define a hoistway for guiding movement of the elevator car 104 and the counterweight assembly 106 of the elevator unit 102.
  • the method may enable the installation of the elevator car 104 and the counterweight assembly 106 in a manner that each of the elevator car 104 and the counterweight assembly 106 may move in a vertical direction through each of the elevator openings 110.
  • each of the elevator openings 110 is shown to have a rectangular profde.
  • the profde of the elevator openings 110 is not limited to being rectangular.
  • the elevator openings 110 may have any other profile, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
  • the elevator openings 110 may have a square profile and a circular profile.
  • the constructional and operational requirements of the elevator unit 102 and the associated components may vary based on the profile of the elevator openings 110.
  • each of the floor slabs 108 may include a plurality of vertical surfaces 107 (as shown in Figure 3b) collectively forming the elevator opening 110 on each floor slab 108.
  • a height of each of the vertical surfaces 107 may be substantially equal to a thickness of respective floor slab 108.
  • one of the steps of the method may include providing the building shell 100 with an elevator pit 101 (as shown in Figures Ib-lc and 2c-2d) formed below the lowest floor 111 and a headroom 103 formed on a top floor slab 108-n of the building shell 100.
  • the headroom 103 may be provided to accommodate at least an elevator machine (not shown) for driving the elevator car 104 and the counterweight assembly 106 along the hoistway through each of the elevator openings 110. Details regarding the headroom 103 are explained with respect to the description of Figures lOa-lOb.
  • the building shell 100 may be provided without any elevator pit.
  • the details of the method are explained with respect to the building shell 100 having the elevator pit 101. It should be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the method can equally be implemented in the building shell 100 without any elevator pit, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
  • one of the steps of the method may include positioning an elevator machine (not shown) in the headroom 103 for driving the elevator car 104 and the counterweight assembly 106 along the hoistway through each of the elevator openings 110.
  • a space defined around the elevator openings 110 and between the consecutive floor slabs 108 may remain unconcealed from each side while installing the elevator unit 102 in the building shell 100.
  • the space around the elevator opening 110 of at least one floor slab 108 may be concealed while installing the elevator unit 102.
  • at least one side of the elevator opening 110 of at least one floor slab 108 may be concealed while installing the elevator unit 102 in the building shell 100.
  • the space around the elevator opening 110 of at least one floor slab 108 may be concealed permanently or temporarily, which is further explained in detail in the subsequent sections of the present disclosure.
  • a plurality of brackets may be mounted on at least one of the floor slabs 108 of the building shell 100.
  • Figure 3a illustrates a partial perspective view of the building shell 100 depicting installation of the plurality of brackets, such as a plurality of first brackets 302, for installing the elevator unit 102, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 3b illustrates a perspective view of the elevator opening 110 depicting positioning of the plurality of first brackets 302 therein, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the plurality of first brackets 302 may be mounted on a periphery 110-1 of the elevator opening 110 on at least one floor slab 108 for installing and supporting a plurality of guide rails thereon.
  • the periphery 110-1 may be defined by the vertical surfaces 107 of each floor slab 108 forming the elevator opening 110.
  • the first brackets 302 mounted on the periphery 110-1 of the elevator opening 110 may be collinearly aligned with respect to each other in the vertical direction along the hoistway.
  • the plurality of first brackets 302 may include, but is not limited to, a first set of brackets 302-1 and a second set of brackets 302-2.
  • each of the first set of brackets 302-1 and each of the second set of brackets 302-2 may be embodied as an Omega-shaped bracket and a Z-shaped bracket, respectively. - 1 -
  • the first set of brackets 302-1 may be mounted at a side 303-2 adjoining to a front side 303-1 of the periphery 110-1 of the elevator opening 110 for installing and supporting a plurality of counterweight guide rails, from among the plurality of guide rails, thereon to guide the counterweight assembly 106 in the vertical direction.
  • the first set of brackets 302-1 may be mounted at a side 303-4 adjoining to the front side 303-1 of the periphery 110-1 of the elevator opening 110.
  • the front side 303-1 may be referred to a side of the periphery 110- 1 on which a landing door, of the elevator unit 102, is to be installed.
  • each of the first set of brackets 302-1 may be mounted on the periphery 110-1 of the elevator opening 110 in a manner that a space ‘S’ is defined between the periphery 110-1 and a first surface 310 of an elongated supporting portion 304 of one of the first set of brackets 302-1.
  • the counterweight assembly 106 may traverse in the vertical direction through the space ‘S’.
  • the second set of brackets 302-2 may be mounted at a side 303-3, of the periphery 110-1 of the elevator opening 110, adjoining to the side 303-2 on which the first set of mounting brackets 302-1 is mounted.
  • the second set of brackets 302-2 may be mounted at a side 303-4 opposite to the side 303-2 on which the first set of brackets 302-1 is mounted, for installing and supporting a plurality of car guide rails, from among the plurality of guide rails, thereon to guide the elevator car 104 in the vertical direction.
  • first set of brackets 302-1 may be mounted at the side 303-4 of the periphery 110-1
  • second set of brackets 302-1 may be mounted at the side 303-2, i.e., opposite to the side 303-4.
  • the first brackets 302 may be mounted from outside the elevator opening 110 by installation personnel and/or a bracket installation robot while standing on the horizontal surface 109 of the floor slab 108, adjacent to the elevator opening 110.
  • the periphery 110-1 of the elevator opening 110 of each floor slab 108 may be accessed, for mounting the first brackets 302, from one of the sides 303-1, 303-2, 303-3, and 303-4 of the elevator opening 110 by the installation personnel and/or the bracket installation robot being positioned outside of the elevator opening 110 and standing on the horizontal surface 109 of the floor slab 108.
  • the bracket installation robot may be employed for mounting the first brackets 302 on the floor slabs 108.
  • the bracket installation robot may drill holes on the periphery 110-1 of the elevator opening 110 to mount the first brackets 302. Further, the bracket installation robot may convey and position the first brackets 302 on the periphery 110-1 of the elevator opening 110 corresponding to the drilled holes. Subsequently, the bracket installation robot may mount the first brackets 302 by fastening a plurality of fasteners through the drilled holes.
  • first brackets 302 such as the first set of brackets 302-1 and the second set of brackets 302-2, may be mounted from inside the elevator opening 110 by the installation personnel and/or the bracket installation robot while standing on a structure of the elevator car 104 moving within the hoistway.
  • the structure of the elevator car 104 before mounting the brackets 302, the structure of the elevator car 104 may be assembled within the hoistway to provide a working platform for the installation personnel and/or the bracket installation robot to stand and mount the brackets 302 on the floor slabs 108. Details regarding assembling of the structure of the elevator car 104 are further explained in detail in the subsequent sections of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 4a illustrates a perspective view of one of the first brackets 302, disposed on the periphery 110-1 of the elevator opening 110, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • at least one of the first brackets 302 may be mounted on the floor slab 108 by positioning and preferably fastening an anchor portion of the brackets 302 on one of the vertical surfaces 107 of at least one floor slab 108.
  • the first set of brackets 302-1 may be anchored to one of the vertical surfaces 107 of the floor slabs 108 in a manner that each of the first set of brackets 302-1 may be aligned with the respective vertical surface 107.
  • a plurality of anchor portions 308 of each of the first set of brackets 302-1 may be fastened to one of the vertical surfaces 107 of the floor slab 108.
  • the second set of brackets 302-2 may be anchored to one of the vertical surfaces 107 of the floor slabs 108 in a manner that each of the first set of brackets 302-1 may be aligned with the respective vertical surface 107.
  • the vertical surfaces 107 may include a first vertical surface 107-1 corresponding to the side 303-2 of the elevator opening 110 and a second vertical surface 107-2 corresponding to the side 303-4 of the elevator opening 110.
  • the first set of brackets 302-1 and the second set of brackets 302-2 may be mounted on the first vertical surface 107-1 and the second vertical surface 107-2, respectively, of each floor slab 108 around the elevator opening 110.
  • Each of the first set of brackets 302-1 and the second set of brackets 302-2 may be removably mounted on the first vertical surface 107-1 and the second vertical surface 107- 2, respectively, via a plurality of fastening members, such as threaded fasteners, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 4b illustrates a perspective view of one of the first brackets 302 disposed on the periphery 110-1 of the elevator opening 110, according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • at least one of the first brackets 302 may be mounted on the floor slab 108 by positioning and preferably fastening an anchor portion of the brackets 302 on the horizontal surface 109, adjacent to the elevator opening 110, of at least one floor slab 108.
  • the first set of brackets 302-1 may be anchored to a horizontal surface 109, adjacent to the elevator opening 110, of the floor slabs 108 in a manner that each of the first set of brackets 302-1 may be aligned with an adjacent vertical wall, such as the first vertical surface 107-1 and the second vertical surface 107-2, of each floor slab 108.
  • the plurality of anchor portions 308 of each of the first set of brackets 302-1 may be fastened to the horizontal surface 109, adjacent to the elevator opening 110, of the floor slab 108.
  • the second set of brackets 302-2 may be anchored to the horizontal surface 109, adjacent to the elevator opening 110, in a manner that each of the second set of brackets 302-2 may be aligned with an adjacent vertical wall of each floor slab 108.
  • each floor slab 108 may include a top horizontal surface 109-1 and a bottom horizontal surface 109-2 distal to the top horizontal surface 109-1.
  • the first set of brackets 302-1 may be anchored to the top horizontal surface 109-1 of each floor slab 108 to align each of the first set of brackets 302-1 to one of the vertical surfaces 107 of each floor slab 108.
  • the second set of brackets 302-2 may be anchored to the top horizontal surface 109-1 of each floor slab 108 to align each of the second set of brackets 302-2 to one of the vertical surfaces 107 of each floor slab 108.
  • the first set of brackets 302-1 may be anchored on one of the vertical surfaces 107-1, 107-2 and the second set of brackets 302-2 may be anchored on the horizontal surface 109.
  • the first set of brackets 302-1 may be anchored on the horizontal surface 109 and the second set of brackets 302-2 may be anchored on one of the vertical surfaces 107-1, 107-2.
  • the first set of brackets 302-1 and the second set of brackets 302-2 may be anchored on the vertical surfaces 107-1, 107-2 of the floor slab 108.
  • the first set of brackets 302-1 and the second set of brackets 302-2 may be anchored on the horizontal surface 109 of the floor slab 108.
  • the plurality of first brackets 302 may be mounted on at least one wall of the elevator pit 101 for fixing a plurality of car guide rails and a plurality of counterweight guide rails.
  • the elevator pit 101 may be embodied as an enclosed space defined by a plurality of walls for accommodating various sub-components including, but not limited to, buffer springs, hydraulic or electrical jacks, ladders, and electrical wirings, of the elevator unit 102.
  • each of the walls may be embodied as a permanent wall formed on Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC), without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
  • RRCC Reinforced Cement Concrete
  • Figures 5a and 5b illustrate perspective views of the building shell 100 depicting positioning of a plurality of guide rails 502, 504 supported on the first brackets 302, according to different embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the plurality of guide rails such as guide rails 502, 504 may be inserted within the hoistway and subsequently, mounted on the first brackets 302 being supported on the floor slabs 108.
  • Figure 5c illustrates a partial perspective view of the building shell 100 depicting the insertion of the guide rails 502, 504 within the hoistway, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
  • the guide rails 502, 504 may be inserted within the hoistway through one of the sides 303 of the elevator opening 110 from the floor slab 108 of the building shell 100.
  • at least one guide rail 502, 504 may be inserted within the hoistway through the space defined around the elevator openings 110 and between the consecutive floor slabs 108.
  • the guide rails 502, 504 inserted within the hoistway may be hoisted to each of the floor slab 108 via a hitch member 1008 (as shown in Figures lOa-lOb) fixed on a roof of a top floor of the building shell 100.
  • the guide rails 502, 504 may be inserted within the hoistway through the space defined around the elevator opening 110 of the floor slab, such as the top floor slab 108-n.
  • the space may be defined by a vertical distance Vd, in the vicinity of the elevator opening 110, between the consecutive floor slabs 108.
  • the vertical distance Vd may be defined as a floor height between the consecutive floor slabs 108 of the building shell 100.
  • the building shell 100 may have the floor slabs 108 with different vertical distances. In such an embodiment, the vertical distance Vd may be defined as a maximum floor height in the building shell 100.
  • the guide rails 502, 504 with substantially longer lengths may be inserted, without any constraint due to the structure of the building shell 100, within the hoistway through the space around the elevator opening 110 on the floor slab 108.
  • lintels may be provided at a side of a RCC shaft on which the landing door needs to be installed. This reduces the overall space at the said side of the RCC shaft and thereby, constraining the insertion of longer guide rails within the hoistway.
  • lintels may not be provided at the front side 303-1 of the elevator opening 110. This substantially increases the overall vertical distance between the consecutive floor slabs 108 around the elevator opening to enable insertion of longer guide rails within the hoistway. Further, as mentioned earlier, each of the elevator openings 110 may be unconcealed from each of the sides 303 of such elevator opening 110. This enhances the overall maneuverability of the guide rails 502, 504 while inserting such guide rails within the hoistway and while positioning such guide rails on the first brackets 302. In an embodiment, at least one of the guide rails 502, 504 may have a length greater than 5 meters. In another embodiment, at least one of the guide rails 502, 504 may have a length equal to 1.5 times greater than the vertical distance between consecutive floor slabs 108.
  • the plurality of guide rails 502, 504 may be provided at the lowest floor 111 of the building shell 100 for installing the plurality of guide rails 502, 504 by being supported on the first brackets 302 mounted on each floor slab 108. Subsequently, at least one of the guide rails 502, 504 may be hoisted, through the hoistway, from the lowest floor 111 to each of the floor slab 108 via the hitch member 1008.
  • Figure 5d illustrates a partial perspective view of the building shell 100 depicting positioning of the plurality of guide rails 502, 504 supported on the plurality of first brackets 302, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 5e illustrates a planar view of the plurality of guide rails 502, 504 supported on the plurality of first brackets 302, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the plurality of guide rails 502, 504 may be mounted on each floor slab 108 at the elevator opening 110.
  • the guide rails 502, 504 may be preferably installed by being supported on the first brackets 302 mounted on at least one floor slab 108.
  • the guide rails 502, 504 may be adapted to guide movement of at least one of the elevator car 104 and the counterweight assembly 106 in the vertical direction.
  • the plurality of guide rails 502, 504 may include, but is not limited to, a plurality of counterweight guide rails 502 and a plurality of car guide rails 504.
  • the plurality of counterweight guide rails 502 may be provided to guide movement of the counterweight assembly 106 in the vertical direction.
  • each of the plurality of counterweight guide rails 502 may extend parallel to each other and, in the vertical direction from the top floor slab 108-n to the elevator pit 101 of the building shell 100.
  • each of the plurality of counterweight guide rails 502 may extend parallel to each other and, in the vertical direction from the top floor slab 108-n to the lowest floor 111 of the building shell 100.
  • the plurality of counterweight guide rails 502 may be supported on the first set of brackets 302-1.
  • the counterweight guide rails 502 may be mounted on a first mounting portion 306-1 and a second mounting portion 306-2 of one of the first set of brackets 302-1.
  • one of the counterweight guide rails 502 may be mounted on the first mounting portion 306-1 and, another counterweight guide rails 502 may be mounted on the second mounting portion 306-2 which is opposite to the first mounting portion 306-1.
  • each of the car guide rails 504 may be mounted on the first set of brackets 302- 1 and the second set of brackets 302-2.
  • the car guide rails 504 may guide movement of the elevator car 104 in the vertical direction.
  • each of the car guide rails 504 may extend parallel to the counterweight guide rails 502 and, in the vertical direction from the top floor slab 108-n to the elevator pit 101 of the building shell 100.
  • each of the car guide rails 504 may extend parallel to the counterweight guide rails 502 and, in the vertical direction from the top floor slab 108-n to the lowest floor 111 of the building shell 100.
  • one of the car guide rails 504 may be mounted on an elongated supporting portion 304, extending between the mounting portions 306-1, 306-2, of one of the first set of brackets 302-1.
  • one of the car guide rails 504 may be mounted on a second surface 312 of the elongated supporting portion 304.
  • another car guide rails 504 may be mounted on a surface, facing the elevator opening 110, of one of the second set of brackets 302-2.
  • each of the car guide rails 504 and the counterweight guide rails 502 may be mounted from outside the elevator opening 110 by installation personnel while standing on the horizontal surface 109 of the floor slab 108, adjacent to the elevator opening 110.
  • the periphery 110-1 of the elevator opening 110 of each floor slab 108 may be accessed, for mounting the guide rails 502, 504, from one of the sides 303-1, 303- 2, 303-3, and 303-4 of the elevator opening 110 by the installation personnel being positioned outside of the elevator opening 110 and standing on the horizontal surface 109 of the floor slab 108.
  • the guide rails 502, 504 may be mounted from inside the elevator opening 110 by the installation personnel while standing on the structure of the elevator car 104 moving within the hoistway.
  • the structure of the elevator car 104 may be assembled within the hoistway to provide a working platform for the installation personnel to stand while mounting the first brackets 302 on the floor slabs 108.
  • a structure of each of the elevator car 104 and the counterweight assembly 106 may be assembled.
  • Figures 6a and 6b illustrate assembling of the structure of the elevator car 104 and the counterweight assembly 106, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • sub-components of each of the elevator car 104 and the counterweight assembly 106 may be inserted, within the hoistway, from more than one side 303 of the elevator opening 110 of one of the floor slabs 108 or the lowest floor 111 of the building shell 100.
  • the sub-components for assembling the structure of the elevator car 104 may include, but are not limited to, a plurality of car side pillars 602, a car roof 604, and a traction beam 606.
  • the sub-components for assembling the counterweight assembly 106 may include, but are not limited to, a counterweight frame 608 and a plurality of counterweight slabs 610.
  • the elevator opening 110 may be unconcealed from each of the sides 303 and therefore, enabling the insertion of the sub-components of each of the elevator car 104 and the counterweight assembly 106 within the hoistway through at least one of the sides 303.
  • the subcomponents of the elevator car 104 may be inserted within the hoistway through one of the sides 303 of the elevator opening 110 formed on the lowest floor 111 of the building shell 100.
  • Figures 7a and 7b illustrate perspective views of the building shell 100 depicting installation of the elevator car 104 and the counterweight assembly 106 being supported on the plurality of guide rails 502, 504, according to different embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figures 7c and 7d illustrate a partial sectional view and a planar schematic view, respectively, of the building shell 100 depicting installation of the elevator car 104 and the counterweight assembly 106, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the sub-components may be assembled to form the structure of the elevator car 104 by accessing the hoistway from more than one side 303 of the elevator opening 110 of one of the floor slabs 108.
  • the structure of the elevator car 104 may be assembled from outside of the elevator opening 110 by the installation personnel and/or a car assembly robot while standing on one of the floor slabs 108 or the lowest floor 111 of the building shell 100.
  • the car assembly robot may have the capabilities of lifting and positioning heavy sub-components of the elevator car 104 and subsequently, mounting or bolting such sub-components together to assemble a complete or partial elevator car 104.
  • the car assembly robot may function as a portable crane use to transport heavy sub-components of the elevator car 104 inside the hoistway for further installation.
  • the car assembly robot may be embodied as a remotely controller manipulator robot.
  • the structure of the elevator car 104 may be assembled by the installation personnel while standing on the lowest floor 111 and accessing the hoistway from more than one side 303 of the elevator opening 110.
  • the structure of the elevator car 104 may be movably mounted on the car guide rails 504 which is supported on the first brackets 302.
  • the sub-components such as the counterweight frame 608 and the plurality of counterweight slabs 610, may be inserted within the hoistway through one of the sides 303 of the elevator opening 110 formed on the floor slab 108 or the lowest floor 111 of the building shell 100. Subsequently, the counterweight frame 608 and the plurality of counterweight slabs 610 may be assembled to form the counterweight assembly 106 by accessing the hoistway from more than one side 303 of the elevator opening 110 of one of the floor slabs 108. In an embodiment, the counterweight assembly 106 may be assembled from outside of the elevator opening 110 by the installation personnel and/or an installation robot while standing on one of the floor slabs 108 or the lowest floor 111.
  • the counterweight assembly 106 may be assembled by the installation personnel while standing on the lowest floor 111 and accessing the hoistway from more than one side 303 of the elevator opening 110.
  • the counterweight assembly 106 may be movably mounted on the counterweight guide rails 502 which is supported on the first brackets 302.
  • the structure of the elevator car 104 and the counterweight assembly 106 may be assembled by the installation personnel while standing within the hoistway.
  • a support platform may be provided within the elevator pit 101 of the building shell 100.
  • the structure of the elevator car 104, using the support platform may be assembled within the hoistway and movably mounted on the car guide rails 504 supported on the first brackets 302.
  • the counterweight assembly 106 may be assembled within the hoistway and movably mounted on the counterweight guide rails 502 supported on the first brackets 302.
  • the structure of the elevator car 104 and the counterweight assembly 106 may be assembled within the hoistway and subsequently, movably mounted on the car guide rails 504 and the counterweight guide rails 502, respectively.
  • the elevator car 104 may be inserted within the hoistway from at least one side 303 of the elevator opening 110 of one of the floor slabs 108 or the lowest floor 111.
  • the elevator car 104 may be embodied as one of a partially pre-assembled car and a completely pre-assembled car.
  • the elevator car 104 may be partially or completely pre-assembled at an installation site, i.e., the building shell 100, before inserting the said elevator car 104 within the hoistway.
  • the elevator car 104 may be partially or completely pre-assembled at any location other than the installation site, i.e., the building shell 100.
  • the structure of the elevator car 104 may be assembled with sub-components including, but is not limited to flooring, safey gears, a roof, false ceilings, emergency trap doors, and car operating panels, to build a complete assembly of the elevator car 104. It should be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that a weight of the structure of the elevator car 104 may be substantially less than a weight of the completely assembled elevator car.
  • a landing door may be fixed on at least one side of the elevator opening 110 of each floor slab 108.
  • Figure 8 illustrates a partial perspective view of the floor slab 108 depicting installation of a landing door 802 of the elevator unit 102, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • at least one side 303 of the elevator opening 110 of each floor slab 108 may remain unconcealed for mounting the landing door 802 of the elevator unit 102.
  • the landing door 802 may be fixed on one of the sides 303, adjacent to the sides on which the first brackets 302 is supported, of each floor slab 108.
  • the landing door 802 may be fixed on at least the front side 303-1 of the elevator opening 110.
  • At least one landing door bracket 804 may be mounted on the periphery 110-1 of the elevator opening 110 on each floor slab, referred to as an upper floor slab 108, to support the landing door 802 on at least the front side 303-1 of the elevator opening 110 at a floor slab underneath 108.
  • at least one landing door bracket 804 may be fixed from outside the elevator opening 110 by installation personnel and/or an installation robot while standing on the horizontal surface 109 of the floor slab 108, adjacent to the elevator opening 110.
  • a pair of landing door brackets 804-1, 804-2 may be mounted on the periphery 110- 1 of the elevator opening 110 on the upper floor slab 108.
  • Each of the landing door brackets 804-1, 804-2 may be removably fastened to at least one of the top horizontal surface 109-1 and a vertical surface 107-3 from among the vertical surfaces 107 of the upper floor slab 108.
  • each of the landing door brackets 804-1, 804-2 may extend in a vertically downward direction from the upper floor slab 108 towards the floor slab underneath 108.
  • each of the landing door brackets 804-1, 804-2 may include a first end 804-1 and a second end 804-2 distal to the first end 804-1.
  • the first end 804-1 may be fastened to the top horizontal surface 109-1 of the upper floor slab and the second end 804-2 may extend to a predefined distance ‘d’ in the vertically downward direction from the upper floor slab 108.
  • Such extension of the second end 804- 2 to the predefined distance ‘d’ may ensure that the landing door 802 may be secured on the floor slab 108 and subsequently, fastened to the second end 804-2 of each of the landing door brackets 804-1, 804-2.
  • the predefined distance ‘d’ associated with the extended second end 804-2 may vary based on dimensional characteristics, such as a height, of the landing door 802.
  • the landing door brackets 804 may be mounted manually by the assembler with the aid of appropriate assembly tools.
  • the landing door brackets 804 may be at least partially or completely automatically mounted with an aid of automated mounting devices, such as industrial robots.
  • the landing door 802 may be fixed through the landing door brackets 804-1, 804-2 in a manner that the landing door 802 is supported by the upper floor slab 108, and positioned on at least the front side 303-1 of the elevator opening 110 at the floor slab underneath 108.
  • the landing door 802 may be fixed from outside the elevator opening 110 by installation personnel and/or an installation robot while standing on the horizontal surface 109 of the floor slab 108, adjacent to the elevator opening 110.
  • a plurality of supporting walls 806 may be installed around a periphery of the landing door 802 to support the landing door 802 and to conceal the elevator opening 110 from the side 303, such as the front side 303-1, on which the landing door 802 is mounted.
  • constructional aspects of the plurality of supporting walls 806 may be similar to the constructional aspects of the partition walls to be installed on other sides 303-2, 303-3, 303-4 of the elevator opening 110.
  • constructional aspects of the plurality of supporting walls 806 may be different from the constructional aspects of the partition walls to be installed on other sides 303-2, 303-3, 303- 4 of the elevator opening 110.
  • a width ‘w’ of the landing door 802 may be less than a length ‘L’ of the front side 303-1, on which the landing door 802 is intended to be fixed, of the elevator opening 110.
  • the supporting walls 806 may be installed around the periphery of the landing door 802 to conceal the elevator opening 110 from the front side 303-1 on which the landing door 802 is positioned. Further, each of the supporting walls 806 may be fastened to the landing door 802 to provide a structural support to the landing door 802 from each side of the periphery of such landing door 802.
  • each of the supporting walls 806 may be removably installed around the periphery of the landing door 802. In another embodiment, at least one of the supporting walls 806 may be removably installed around the periphery of the landing door 802. In yet another embodiment, each of the supporting walls 806 may be permanently installed around the periphery of the landing door 802. In another embodiment, at least one of the supporting walls 806 may be permanently installed around the periphery of the landing door 802.
  • At least one partition wall 902 may be fixed between consecutive floor slabs 108 and at the elevator openings 110 of the consecutive floor slabs 108 to conceal the elevator openings 110 from at least one side 303 to define an elevator shaft.
  • the partition wall 902 may be formed of at least one of brick, concrete, polymer, composite, glass, and wood.
  • at least one of the partition walls 902 may be formed, at the building shell 100, by using a slip forming construction.
  • at least one prefabricated partition wall 902 may be provided on at least one floor slab 108 of the building shell 100.
  • the at least one prefabricated partition wall 902 may be formed of at least one of brick, concrete, polymer, composite, glass, and wood.
  • Figures 9a and 9b illustrate a perspective view and a partial perspective view, respectively, of the building shell 100 depicting positioning of the partition walls 902 around the elevator opening 110 on each floor slab 108, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 9c illustrates a perspective view of a floor of the building shell 100 depicting positioning of the partition walls 902 around the elevator opening 110, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the partition walls 902 may be installed at one or more sides 303 of the elevator opening 110 after installing the landing door 802 and the supporting walls 806. In another embodiment, the partition walls 902 may be installed at one or more sides 303 of the elevator opening 110 before installing the landing door 802 and the supporting walls 806.
  • the space defined between the consecutive floor slabs 108 around the elevator openings 110 may be concealed permanently or temporarily.
  • the partition walls 902 may be fixed around the elevator opening 110 of each floor slab 108 to either permanently or temporarily conceal the space around the elevator opening 110.
  • a height of each of the partition walls 902 may be substantially equal to the vertical distance between the consecutive floor slabs 108 of the building shell 100.
  • the partition walls 902 and the landing door 802 may together surround the elevator opening 110 on each floor slab 108 to conceal the elevator opening 110 from each side 303.
  • the partition walls 902 may be fixed on sides 303, other than the side on which the landing door 802 is to be positioned, of the elevator opening 110 in a manner that the partition walls 902 and the landing door 802 together surround the elevator opening 110 on each of the floor slabs 108.
  • At least one of the partition walls 902 may be removably fixed at the elevator opening 110 and adapted to be removed to access the elevator shaft from one of the floor slabs 108. In such an embodiment, at least one of the partition walls 902 may be removably fixed via a plurality of fastening members at the elevator openings 110.
  • the partition walls 902 may be removably fixed around the elevator opening 110 and adapted to be removed from at least one side 303 of the elevator opening 110 to access the elevator shaft.
  • one or more than one floor slabs 108 may be provided with the partition walls 902 which may be removably fixed around the elevator openings 110.
  • each floor slab 108 at least one of the partition walls 902 may be removably fixed at the elevator opening 110.
  • one or more than one floor slabs 108 may be provided with at least one of the partition walls 902 which may be removably fixed at the elevator openings 110 of respective floor slabs 108.
  • the partition walls 902 may be removably fixed around the elevator opening 110 in a manner that a position of each of the partition walls 902 around the elevator opening 110 is changeable with respect to each other to vary positioning of the landing door 802 and to change an orientation of the elevator car 104 and the counterweight assembly 106 with respect to the positioning of the landing door 802.
  • the partition walls 902 may be fixed on the sides 303 of the periphery 110-1 of the elevator opening 110.
  • the landing door 802 may be adapted to be fixed on the front side 303-1 of the periphery 110- 1 of the elevator opening 110.
  • a partition wall 902 fixed on the side 303-3 may be removed and subsequently, positioned at the front side 303-1 corresponding to a space provided for mounting the landing door 802. Accordingly, the landing door 802 may be fixed on the side 303-3 of the periphery 110-1 of the elevator opening 110.
  • the first set of brackets 302-1 and the second set of brackets 302-2 may be mounted on the sides 303-2, 303-4, respectively, of the periphery 110-1 of the elevator opening 110.
  • the first set of brackets 302-1 and the second set of brackets 302-2 may be removed from the sides 303-2, 303-4, and subsequently mounted to the sides 303-1, 303-2 of the periphery 110-1 of the elevator opening 110. Accordingly, the car guide rails 504 and the counterweight guide rails 502 may be fastened to the first set of brackets 302-1 and the second set of brackets 302-2.
  • removable partition walls 902 can equally be implemented in the building shell 100 using the method, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
  • At least one of the partition walls 902 may be permanently fixed at the elevator opening 110.
  • the partition walls 902 may be permanently fixed around the elevator opening 110.
  • one or more than one floor slabs 108 may be provided with the partition walls 902 which may be permanently fixed around the elevator openings 110 of respective floor slabs 108.
  • At each floor slab 108 at least one of the partition walls 902 may be permanently fixed at the elevator opening 110.
  • one or more than one floor slabs 108 may be provided with at least one of the partition walls 902 which may be permanently fixed around the elevator opening 110 to access the elevator shaft from at least one side 303 of such opening.
  • at least one of the partition walls 902 may be adapted to be fixed around the elevator opening 110 on the anchor portions 308 of the first set of brackets 302-1.
  • the anchor portions 308 may be mounted on one of the horizontal surface, such as the top horizontal surface 109-1, and the vertical surface, such as 107-1 and 107-2, of the floor slab 108.
  • the partition walls 902 may be fixed on the top horizontal surface 109-1 around the elevator opening 110 and mounted on the plurality anchor portions 308 fastened to the top horizontal surface 109-1 of the floor slab 108.
  • at least one of the partition walls 902 may be fixed on the plurality of anchor portions 308 in a manner that at least one of the partition walls 902 at least partially conceals the respective anchor portion.
  • the partition walls 902 may be fixed on the plurality of anchor portions 308 fastened to one of the vertical surfaces, such as 107-1 and 107-2, of the floor slab 108.
  • the partition walls 902 may be mounted, around the elevator opening 110, manually by the assembler with the aid of appropriate assembly tools. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the partition walls 902 may be at least partially or completely automatically mounted, around the elevator opening 110, with an aid of automated mounting devices, such as industrial robots. In yet another embodiment, the partition walls 902 may be mounted from outside the elevator opening 110 by a wall installation robot. In such an embodiment, the wall installation robot may be adapted to lift and position the partition walls on the sides of the elevator opening, and subsequently fasten the partition walls.
  • At least one wall portion may be fixed to at least one of the partitions walls 902.
  • the wall portion may be fixed to at least one permanently fixed wall 902.
  • the wall portion may be fixed to at least one removably fixed wall 902.
  • the wall portion may either be removably fixed or movably fixed to the permanently fixed wall 902.
  • the wall portion may either be removably fixed or movably fixed to the removably fixed wall 902.
  • the wall portion may be removably fastened, via fasteners, to conceal an opening formed in the partition wall 902, such as permanently fixed wall or removably fixed wall.
  • the wall portion may be detached from the partition wall 902 to access the elevator shaft through the opening formed in the partition wall 902.
  • the wall portion may be movably hinged to the partition wall 902, such as permanently fixed wall or removably fixed wall, for concealing an opening formed in such partition wall.
  • the wall portion may be pivotally moved about a hinge to access the elevator shaft through the opening formed in the partition wall 902.
  • the wall portion may be removed from the partition wall 902 or pivotally moved with respect to the partition wall 902 for accessing the elevator shaft to perform maintenance operations on the elevator unit 102 or during any emergency scenario.
  • the wall portion may be embodied as a trap door, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
  • the structure of the elevator car 104 may be used as the working platform for mounting the first brackets 302 and the guide rails 502, 504 on the floor slabs 108.
  • the structure of the elevator car 104 may be employed for carrying construction material which can be used for constructing various structural elements, such as internal structure, in the building shell 100 to form an entire building.
  • the structure of the elevator car 104 may be moved along the plurality of car guide rails 504 between each floor slab 108 of the building shell 100 to transport construction material on the structure of the elevator car 104 to each floor slab 108.
  • the construction material may include, but is not limited to, flooring, interior walls, windows, false ceilings, and other construction material used for finishing the construction of the building.
  • the construction material may be unloaded on one of the floor slabs 108 by accessing the structure of the elevator car 104 from more than one side 303 of the elevator opening 110 of a respective floor slab 108.
  • a structural cnvclopc/facadc may be constructed around the building shell 100 to complete an exterior part of the building.
  • flooring may be provided around the partition walls 902 positioned at each elevator opening 110 on each floor slab 108 of the building.
  • at least one interior wall may be formed being supported between subsequent floor slabs 108 of the building.
  • construction material may be transported to each floor slab 108 using the structure of the elevator car 104 for forming the structural cnvclop/facadc. the flooring, and the interior walls in the building.
  • the building shell 100 may be provided with the headroom 103-1 constructed on the top floor slab 108 of the building shell 100.
  • the headroom 103-1 may accommodate at least an elevator machine (not shown) for driving the elevator car 104 and the counterweight assembly 106.
  • Figures 10a and 10b illustrate a planar cross-sectional view and a perspective view, respectively, of the building shell 100 depicting a headroom 103 of the building shell 100 for hoisting and accommodating various sub-components of the elevator unit 102, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the headroom 103 may be constructed on a horizontal surface, such as the top horizontal surface 109-1, of the top floor slab 108-n of the building shell 100.
  • the headroom 103-1 may include, but is not limited to, a top wall 1002 and a plurality of side walls 1004.
  • each of the top wall 1002 and the side walls 1004 may be embodied as a concrete slab.
  • the headroom 103 may be formed of steel or any other suitable metallic/alloy material, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
  • Each of the top wall 1002 and the side walls 1004 may together define a space 1006 adapted to accommodate the elevator machine for driving the elevator car 104 and the counterweight assembly 106.
  • the headroom 103 may be constructed on the top floor 108-n in a manner that the space 1006 defined by walls 1002, 1004 of the headroom 103 coaxially aligns with the elevator opening 110 of each floor slab 108 of the building shell 100.
  • the car guide rails 504 and the counterweight guide rails 502 may vertically extend to the space 1006 defined in the headroom 103.
  • the elevator machine may be adapted to be mounted on ends of the car guide rails 504 and the counterweight guide rails 502 extending within the space 1006 of the headroom 103.
  • the hitch member 1008 may be fixed on a roof, i.e., the top wall 1002, of the top floor 108-n of the building shell 100, and adapted to enable hoisting of the elevator car 104 and associated loads along the continuous shaft in the vertical direction.
  • the hitch member 1008 may be embodied as one of a C-shaped channel beam, an I-shaped beam, and Jakob hitch box.
  • the hitch member 1008 may be fixed on the top wall 1002 of the headroom 103 constructed on the top floor slab 108-n.
  • the hitch member 1008 may movably support a hoisting cable having a first end coupled to a hoisting motor and a second end coupled to one of the elevator car 104 and associated loads, such as the guide rails 502, 504.
  • the structure of the elevator car 104 may be employed fortransporting the construction material to different floor slabs 108 of the building shell 100 for completing the construction of the building.
  • the structure with the construction material may be hoisted to different floors 108 via the hitch member 1008 and the hoisting motor as explained in the previous section of the present disclosure.
  • the hitch member 1008 may enable hoisting of the guide rails 502, 504 through the elevator opening 110 to each floor slab 108 for mounting such guide rails to the first brackets 302.
  • the present disclosure offers the method for installing the elevator unit 102 in the building.
  • the present disclosure relates to the method for installing the elevator unit 102 in a multi-story building having the elevator opening 110 formed within the perimeter of each floor slab 108.
  • the method may eliminate the requirement of an RCC shaft for supporting different sub-components of the elevator unit 102 and for enabling the movement of the elevator car 104 between different floors of the building shell 100.
  • various sub-components, such as the guide rails 502, 504, for the elevator car 104 and the counterweight assembly 106 may be directly supported on the floor slab 108 of each of the floors of the building shell 100.
  • the plurality of mounting brackets such as the first brackets 302 is mounted around the elevator opening 110 of each floor slab 108 to enable mounting of the guide rails 502, 504 and other sub-components of the elevator unit 102. Owing to such positioning of the first brackets 302, the load of the elevator car 104 and the counterweight 106 acting on the guide rails 502, 504 in the lateral direction are transferred to the floor slabs 108 compared to the conventional method which results in transfer of the load to the walls of the RCC shaft. Further, the load of the elevator car 104 and the counterweight 106 acting on the guide rails 502, 504 in the vertical direction are transferred to the elevator pit 101 or to the lowest floor 111 of the building shell 100 via the guide rails 502, 504.
  • partition walls 902. may be removably positioned around the elevator opening 110 of each of the floor slabs 108. This increases overall flexibility for performing any maintenance operation on the elevator unit 102 as the partition walls 902 may be easily removed, from the elevator opening 110, from more than one side to access the hoistway and sub-components of the elevator unit 102. Further, this eliminates the requirement for the assembler to physically access the hoistway from within to perform any maintenance operation. Therefore, overall time consumption during maintenance operations is substantially reduced and overall safety increases while performing such operations.
  • the landing door 802 is mounted on one of the sides 303 of the elevator opening 110 on each of floor slab 108 of the building shell 100.
  • the partition walls 902 and the landing door 802 together conceal the elevator opening 110 on each floor slab 108 of the building shell 100.
  • the partition walls 902 are removably fixed around the elevator opening 110, and therefore a position of each of the partition walls 902 may be changed with respect to each other.
  • a position of the landing door 802 may be interchanged with one of the partition walls 902 fixed opposite to the landing door 802. This provides flexibility for changing the position of the landing door 802 on one or more than one floor slabs 108 of the building shell 100.
  • the partition walls 902 may be removably fixed around the elevator opening 110 in a manner that the position of each of the partition walls 902 around the elevator opening 110 is changeable with respect to each other to vary the positioning of the landing door 802 and to change the orientation of the elevator car 104 and the counterweight assembly 106 with respect to the positioning of the landing door 802.
  • the installation of various sub-components of the elevator unit 102 may be performed directly from the floor slab 108 through the elevator opening 110 formed in each of the floor slabs 108.
  • the elevator opening 110 is opened from each side 303 which provides flexibility for installing brackets, from any side 303 of the elevator opening 110, to support the guide rails 502, 504.
  • the first brackets 302 and the landing door brackets 804 may be installed on the periphery 110-1 of the elevator opening 110 of the floor slab 108 by an assembler while standing on the respective floor slab 108. This eliminates the requirement of installing the brackets 302, 804 from within the hoistway and thereby, increasing overall safety during the installation of the elevator unit 102.
  • the overall cost for building construction and installation of the elevator unit 102 is substantially reduced. Also, the time required for installing the elevator unit 102 is substantially reduced. Furthermore, elimination of the RCC shaft provides flexibility to a builder to vary the dimension of the elevator opening 110 formed in each of the floor slabs 108 and thereby, varying the overall dimension of the hoistway.
  • the hoistway defined by the partition walls 902 may be smaller in dimension due to the elimination of concrete walls and thus, providing extra floor space (carpet area) on each of the floors of the building shell 100.
  • a thickness of the plurality of partition walls are substantially less than thickness of the RCC shaft employed for the conventional installation method.
  • FSI Floor a Space Index
  • the method for construction of the building and installation of the elevator unit in the building is efficient, durable, flexible in implementation, cost-effective, and convenient.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de construction d'un bâtiment comprenant une unité d'ascenseur. Le procédé consiste à fournir une enveloppe de bâtiment (100) ayant une pluralité de dalles de plancher (108) et d'ouvertures d'ascenseur (110) formées à l'intérieur d'un périmètre de chaque dalle de plancher (108) de l'enveloppe de bâtiment (100). En outre, le procédé consiste à installer une pluralité de rails de guidage (502, 504), de l'unité d'ascenseur (102), sur chaque dalle de plancher (108) au niveau d'une ouverture d'ascenseur (110). Les rails de guidage (502, 504) sont de préférence installés en étant supportés sur une pluralité de premiers supports (302), de l'unité d'ascenseur (102), montés sur au moins une dalle de plancher (108). Le procédé consiste à fixer au moins une paroi de séparation (902) entre des dalles de plancher (108) consécutives et au niveau des ouvertures d'ascenseur (110) des dalles de plancher (108) consécutives pour dissimuler les ouvertures d'ascenseur (110) d'au moins un côté (303) pour délimiter une gaine d'ascenseur.
PCT/EP2023/072048 2022-08-11 2023-08-09 Procédé de construction d'un bâtiment et d'installation d'une unité d'ascenseur dans le bâtiment WO2024033415A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22190015 2022-08-11
EP22190015.2 2022-08-11

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WO2024033415A1 true WO2024033415A1 (fr) 2024-02-15

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0579024A1 (fr) * 1992-07-13 1994-01-19 Oliver Franz Cage d'ascenseur pour bâtiments préfabriqués à plusieurs étages
US5520264A (en) * 1993-09-10 1996-05-28 Kone Oy Procedure for the fixing of guide rails
US20010003887A1 (en) * 1999-12-16 2001-06-21 Christoph Liebetrau Elevator hoistway
WO2013186096A1 (fr) 2012-06-11 2013-12-19 Thyssenkrupp Elevator Ag Procédé et système de montage de composants d'ascenseur

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0579024A1 (fr) * 1992-07-13 1994-01-19 Oliver Franz Cage d'ascenseur pour bâtiments préfabriqués à plusieurs étages
US5520264A (en) * 1993-09-10 1996-05-28 Kone Oy Procedure for the fixing of guide rails
US20010003887A1 (en) * 1999-12-16 2001-06-21 Christoph Liebetrau Elevator hoistway
WO2013186096A1 (fr) 2012-06-11 2013-12-19 Thyssenkrupp Elevator Ag Procédé et système de montage de composants d'ascenseur

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