WO2024016249A1 - 一种有机主体材料和发光器件 - Google Patents
一种有机主体材料和发光器件 Download PDFInfo
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- the invention relates to the field of new organic light-emitting materials and synthetic chemistry, and specifically relates to an organic host material and a light-emitting device.
- OLEDs Organic Light-emitting Diodes
- the luminescent layer is often composed of guest materials and host materials mixed with each other.
- the host material plays the role of dispersing the guest material to prevent fluorescence quenching caused by excessive concentration of guest molecules.
- the host material also plays a role in carrier transport and exciton energy transfer. Developing suitable host materials plays an important role in improving the performance of OLEDs devices.
- the present invention aims at the problem that the current host material cannot transfer energy to the guest material well, and provides a dual-core host material with a large bandwidth, high triplet energy level and excellent performance in the device.
- the present invention provides an organic host material whose structural formula is as follows:
- Ar1 is an aromatic group
- L1 and L2 are the same or different from each other, and are each independently a direct bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group
- Ar2 is deuterium, hydrogen or an aromatic group
- Ar3 is hydrogen or an aromatic group.
- Ar1 is used to adjust the degree of orientation during molecular stacking, and is selected from one of the following: benzene ring, naphthalene ring, and biphenyl.
- Ar2 is used to adjust the orientation degree and molecular conjugation length during molecular stacking.
- Ar2 is an aromatic group, it is a benzene ring or naphthalene ring.
- Ar3 is used to enhance the fluorescence intensity of the material.
- Ar3 is an aromatic group, it is selected from benzene ring or benzofuran.
- L1 and/or L2 are used to adjust the fluorescence intensity and orientation of the molecule.
- it is a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, it is selected from one of the following: benzene ring, phenanthrene or Benzofurans.
- the organic host material is any one of the following compounds:
- the energy level structure of the material is suitable and can be used as a host material.
- some or all of the hydrogen atoms in the structural formula may be deuterium atoms.
- the present invention also provides an organic light-emitting device, including a cathode, a luminescent layer, and an anode.
- the luminescent layer is co-doped with a host material and a guest material, and the host material is any one of the aforementioned organic host materials.
- the organic light-emitting device includes a metal cathode, an electron injection layer, an electron transport layer, a light-emitting layer, a hole transport layer, a hole injection layer, an anode and a glass substrate, which are stacked in sequence from top to bottom.
- the device preparation process is evaporation method.
- the present invention provides a method composed of anthracene and The main material composed of even components.
- This type of main material structure contains anthracene and units, and also contains other aromatic groups, etc., which mainly have the following advantages: the material synthesis is relatively simple and the preparation cost is low, which is conducive to large-scale production; the material's ⁇ and ⁇ energy level structure is suitable, which is conducive to the injection of carriers; the material is Anthracene and As the core, the mobility is high, which is conducive to carrier transmission in the light-emitting layer; the material has a high triplet energy level, which is conducive to confining the exciton energy in the luminescent guest molecules.
- Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an organic electroluminescent device prepared in an embodiment of the present invention.
- the compounds whose synthesis methods are not mentioned in the present invention are all raw material products obtained through commercial channels.
- the solvents and reagents used in the present invention can be purchased from the domestic chemical market. In addition, those skilled in the art can also synthesize them through known methods.
- the synthesis steps of the material represented by the molecular formula 93 are as shown above.
- the material represented by the chemical formula 1 (4.84g, 10mmol) and NBS (2.1g, 12mmol) were stirred in chloroform (50mL) for 20 hours. After the system cooled to room temperature, it was washed 4 times with water, and then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 5.13 g of product M4 solid, with a yield of 92%.
- the present invention provides anthracene-based
- An organic light-emitting device with a host material as shown in Figure 1, consists of a metal cathode 1, an electron injection layer 2, an electron transport layer 3, a light-emitting layer 4, a hole transport layer 5, and a hole injection layer 6 stacked in sequence from top to bottom. , anode 7 and glass substrate 8, the device preparation process is evaporation method.
- the metal cathode aluminum is used as the metal cathode, the evaporation rate is 0.1-0.3nm/s, and the thickness is 100nm;
- Lithium fluoride is used as the electron injection layer, with an evaporation rate of 0.05-0.1nm/s and a thickness of 1nm;
- the electron transport layer uses the compound LET003 with the following structure, the evaporation rate is 0.05-0.1nm/s, and the thickness is 40nm;
- the light-emitting layer is formed by co-doping of host material and guest material.
- the host material is selected from the host material provided by the present invention and the currently commercialized host material LBH001 as a comparison.
- the guest material is selected from LBD001 with the following structure.
- the host material and the guest material are doped
- the mass ratio is 90:10, the evaporation rate is 0.003-0.2nm/s, and the thickness is 40nm;
- the electron blocking layer uses the compound LEB001 with the following structure, the evaporation rate is 0.05-0.1nm/s, and the thickness is 10nm;
- the hole transport layer uses the compound NPB with the following structure, the evaporation rate is 0.05-0.1nm/s, and the thickness is 100nm;
- the hole injection layer uses the compound HATCN with the following structure, the evaporation rate is 0.05-0.1nm/s, and the thickness is 10nm;
- Anode 7 is made of indium tin oxide.
- the host material provided by the present invention has lower turn-on voltage, higher current efficiency and longer lifespan of the device prepared.
- the present invention uses DFT calculation and simulation method and Spartan 20 software.
- the functional is B3LYP and the basis set is 6-31G(d,p). Compare the host material in the present invention with currently commercialized materials.
- the host material provided by the present invention has close HOMO and LUMO energy levels, and the energy band width and triplet energy level are slightly higher, indicating that it can be better used in organic light-emitting devices. , to achieve better display effects.
- application of the host material provided by the present invention to an organic light-emitting device can effectively improve the performance of the device, including efficiency and working life.
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Abstract
本发明属于有机发光新材料领域,具体涉及一种有机主体材料和发光器件。其结构式aa如下:这类主体材料结构含蒽和䓛两个单元,同时含有其它芳香基等,主要具有以下优势:材料合成较为简单,制备成本低,有利于大规模生产;材料的ΗΟΜΟ与ΛYΜΟ能级结构合适,有利于载流子的注入;材料以蒽和䓛为核心,迁移率高,有利于载流子在发光层中传输;材料具有较高的三线态能级,有利于将激子能量限制在发光的客体分子中。
Description
本发明涉及有机发光新材料与合成化学领域,具体涉及一种有机主体材料和发光器件。
有机发光二极管(Organic Light-emitting Diodes,OLEDs)作为新一代显示技术,以其具有自发光,柔性,对比度高,省电等诸多优势,逐渐成为当下显示技术中的重要组成部分,并且受到了学术界和工业界的广泛关注。OLEDs器件中,发光层作为关键结构,往往由客体材料和主体材料相互混合组成。其中,主体材料起到将客体材料分散的作用,防止客体分子浓度过高导致荧光猝灭。此外,主体材料还承担着载流子的传输和激子能量的传递作用。开发合适的主体材料对于OLEDs器件性能的提升具有重要作用。
现有的主体材料大部分采用蒽类衍生物,然而该类主体材料有一定的局限性,例如带宽不够大,三线态能级不够高,尤其是应用到深蓝光器件中,不能起到较好的能量转移作用,对器件的性能造成一定的不良影响。
发明内容
本发明针对目前主体材料不能较好将能量转移到客体材料的问题,提供一种带宽较大,高三线态能级,在器件中性能表现优异的双核类主体材料。
为了解决上述问题,本发明提供一种有机主体材料其结构式如下:
其中,Ar1为芳香基团;L1和L2彼此相同或者不同,彼此各自独立为直接键、取代或未取代的亚芳基;Ar2为氘、氢或者芳香基团;Ar3为氢或者芳香基团。
在本发明的一个实施例中,Ar1用于调整分子堆积时的取向程度,选自如下中的一种:苯环、萘环、联苯。
在本发明的一个实施例中,Ar2用于调整分子堆积时的取向程度和分子共轭长度,Ar2为芳香基团时,为苯环或者萘环。
在本发明的一个实施例中,Ar3用于增强材料的荧光强度,Ar3为芳香基团时,选自苯环或者苯并呋喃。
在本发明的一个实施例中,L1和/或L2用于调整分子的荧光强度与取向度,其为取代或未取代的亚芳基时,选自如下中的一种:苯环,菲或者苯并呋喃。
在本发明的一个实施例中,具体的,有机主体材料为以下任一种化合物:
由软件Σπαρταν20计算结果可知,材料的能级结构合适,可以作为一种主体材料。
在本发明的一个实施例中,其结构式中的氢原子可以部分或者全部为氘原子。
另一方面,本发明还提供一种有机发光器件,包括阴极、发光层、阳极,所述发光层由主体材料和客体材料共掺杂形成,所述主体材料为前述任意一项有机主体材料。
在本发明的一个实施例中,所述有机发光器件从上至下依次层叠设置的金属阴极、电子注入层、电子传输层、发光层、空穴传输层、空穴注入层、阳极以及玻璃基板,器件制备工艺为蒸镀法。
实施本发明,具有如下有益效果:本发明提供了一种由蒽与
连组成的主体材料。这类主体材料结构含蒽和
个单元,同时含有其它芳香基等,主要具有以下优势:材料合成较为简单,制备成本低,有利于大规模生产;材料的ΗΟΜΟ与ΛΥΜΟ能级结构合适,有利于载流子的注入;材料以蒽和
为核心,迁移率高,有利于载流子在发光层中传输;材料具有较高的三线态能级,有利于将激子能量限制在发光的客体分子中。
图1本发明实施例中基于所制备有机电致发光器件结构示意图。
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细的说明,但是所述实施例的说明,仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例,其中大部分并不仅限于此。
本发明实施例中未注明具体实验步骤或条件的,按照本领域内的文献所描述的常规实验步骤或条件即可进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商的,均为可通过市购获得的常规产品。
本发明中未提及合成方法的化合物均为通过商业途径获得的原料产品。本发明中所用溶剂和试剂均可从国内化工市场购买,另外,本领域技术人员也可以通过公知方法合成。
实施例1
分子式1的合成步骤如上所示。
在1000mL单口圆底烧瓶中加入
10.0g,43.2mmol)、氯仿和醋酸的混合溶剂600mL(体积比为5:1),然后再逐滴加入4.0mL发烟硝酸(5.6g,86.8mmol),冷凝管接入尾气吸收装置,反应液在80℃回流下搅拌24h,反应完全后冷却至室温,将其倾倒至600mL的冰水中,加入NaOH将反应液pH调到中性,用氯仿(100mL)萃取三次,得到的有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,旋蒸得到粗产物10.2g,产率为86%。
将M1(10.0g,37.2mmol)加入500mL单口圆底烧瓶,用无水乙醇和THF300mL(体积比为1:1)将其溶解,再加入10.0%的Pd/C(1.3g,1.2mmol),然后加入60.0%的水合肼(6.0g,74.7mmol),80℃下搅拌1h,除去Pd/C后浓缩得到粗产物,粗产物用硅胶柱进一步提纯,得M2固体8.1g,产率为88.8%。
将三口烧瓶冰水浴冷却,向烧瓶内加入(2.43g,10mmol)反应物M2,20mL质量浓度为50%的硫酸溶液,保持低温环境,搅拌成盐,0度以下缓慢滴加22mmol亚硝酸钠溶于5mL水的溶液,保温1.5h。加入1.85g的KI,室温搅拌1h,过滤,将固体用氢氧化钠溶液溶解后,经层析柱分离,盐酸调节pH值到中性,过滤,滤饼风干,得产物M3质量1.8g,产率为52%。
分子式1的合成:M3(17.7g,50mmol)、A1(19.0g,50mmol)、Pd(PPh
3)
4(0.58g,0.50mmol)和碳酸钾(69g,500mmol)在氮气气氛下溶解于甲苯/乙醇/水(375/75/75mL)中。在100℃搅拌15小时后,过滤混合物,三氯甲烷萃取,水相用100Ml二氯甲烷萃取三次,合并有机相,无水硫酸镁干燥,粗产物以硅胶柱层析纯化得到分子式1表示的化合物(16.6g,产率68%)。 核磁数据1H NMR(500MHz,Chloroform-d)δ9.63(s,1H),8.34–8.24(m,4H),8.24–8.15(m,3H),7.87(dt,J=7.5,1.5Hz,1H),7.80(dd,J=7.6,1.9Hz,1H),7.67(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.64–7.55(m,4H),7.58–7.46(m,3H),7.49–7.41(m,6H),7.39–7.32(m,1H).
实施例2
分子式3的合成方法如实施例1所示,但是将反应物A1替换为氘代蒽类反应物A2。产率72%。核磁数据1H NMR(500MHz,Chloroform-d)δ9.63(s,1H),8.52(dd,J=7.4,1.5Hz,1H),8.25(dd,J=7.3,1.6Hz,1H),8.18(dd,J=7.4,1.7Hz,1H),7.87(dt,J=7.4,1.6Hz,1H),7.78(dd,J=7.5,1.6Hz,1H),7.66(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.64–7.46(m,9H),7.39–7.32(m,1H).
实施例3
分子式5的合成方法如实施例1所示,但是将反应物A1替换为联苯取代的蒽类材料A3。产率74%。核磁数据1H NMR(500MHz,Chloroform-d)δ9.63(s,1H),8.38–8.32(m,1H),8.28(ddd,J=7.6,5.7,2.9Hz,3H),8.22–8.15(m, 3H),7.87(dt,J=7.2,1.7Hz,1H),7.81(dd,J=7.5,1.4Hz,1H),7.76–7.70(m,2H),7.68(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.61(s,1H),7.63–7.57(m,3H),7.60–7.53(m,3H),7.56–7.49(m,2H),7.48–7.40(m,6H),7.40–7.33(m,1H).
实施例4
分子式70合成方法如实施例1所示,但是将反应物A1替换为2,6位苯环取代的蒽类材料A4。产率69%。核磁数据1H NMR(500MHz,Chloroform-d)δ9.64(s,1H),8.94(dd,J=15.0,1.5Hz,2H),8.46(dd,J=7.5,2.9Hz,2H),8.42(dd,J=7.4,1.7Hz,1H),8.30–8.24(m,1H),8.16(dd,J=6.9,2.0Hz,1H),7.87(dt,J=7.4,1.6Hz,1H),7.78(dd,J=7.5,1.5Hz,1H),7.67(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.62–7.50(m,12H),7.53–7.40(m,4H),7.43–7.33(m,6H),7.35–7.28(m,1H).
实施例5
分子式93所示材料合成步骤如上述所示,取化学式1所示的材料(4.84g,10mmol)和NBS(2.1g,12mmol)于氯仿(50mL)搅拌20小时。体系降至室温后,水洗4次,再用无水硫酸镁干燥,粗产物用硅胶柱层析法纯化,获得产物M4固体5.13g,产率92%。
将M4(5.58g,10mmol)、A5(2.94g,10mmol)、Pd(PPh3)4(0.10g,0.10mmol)和碳酸钾(14g,100mmol)在氮气气氛下溶解于甲苯/乙醇/水(75/25/25mL)中。在100℃搅拌15小时后,过滤混合物,三氯甲烷萃取,水相用100mL二氯甲烷萃取三次,合并有机相,无水硫酸镁干燥,粗产物以硅胶柱层析纯化得到分子式93表示的化合物(5.03g,产率78%)核磁数据1H NMR(500MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.33–8.26(m,1H),8.22–8.18(m,1H),8.21–8.12(m,1H),8.00(dd,J=7.5,1.4Hz,0H),7.89–7.74(m,2H),7.63–7.50(m,4H),7.53–7.28(m,5H).
实施例6
分子式99合成方法如实施例1和5所示。产率67%。核磁数据1H NMR(500MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.34–8.27(m,1H),8.23–8.14(m,2H),8.04(ddd,J=26.6,7.5,1.5Hz,1H),7.97–7.72(m,3H),7.67(dd,J=7.5,1.4Hz,0H),7.63–7.41(m,6H),7.44–7.34(m,1H).
实施例7
分子式100合成方法如实施例7所示,其中A6替换为A8。产率74%。核磁数据1H NMR(500MHz,Chloroform-d)δ9.61(s,0H),8.24–8.15(m,3H),7.84–7.74(m,2H),7.63–7.51(m,5H),7.50–7.28(m,4H).
实施例8
分子式7合成方法如实施例7所示,其中A7替换为A9,产率68%。核磁数据1H NMR(500MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.57(s,0H),8.29(dd,J=5.6,3.4 Hz,1H),8.24–8.16(m,2H),7.85–7.76(m,1H),7.61–7.40(m,8H),7.40–7.31(m,1H).
实施例9
分子式76合成方法如实施例7所示,其中M3替换为M7,A7替换为A10。产率68%。核磁数据1H NMR(500MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.93(dd,J=15.6,1.4Hz,2H),8.86(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),8.81(t,J=1.5Hz,1H),8.76(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),8.45(dd,J=17.0,7.5Hz,2H),8.07(dt,J=7.6,1.7Hz,2H),8.00–7.86(m,6H),7.80–7.73(m,3H),7.71(s,1H),7.69–7.63(m,3H),7.63(td,J=3.8,1.5Hz,2H),7.59(d,J=1.4Hz,1H),7.61–7.57(m,1H),7.59–7.54(m,4H),7.57–7.50(m,3H),7.52–7.44(m,2H),7.44–7.34(m,6H),7.38–7.31(m,1H).
实施例10
分子式85合成方法如实施例7所示,具体合成如图所示,引入了新的原料M8和A11。产率53%。核磁数据1H NMR(500MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.73(dd,J=7.5,1.5Hz,0H),8.31–8.24(m,1H),8.23–8.15(m,1H),8.09–8.01(m,1H),7.97–7.88(m,1H),7.91–7.86(m,1H),7.80(s,1H),7.79–7.72(m,1H),7.70–7.64(m,2H),7.64–7.56(m,1H),7.59–7.51(m,3H),7.54–7.48(m,1H),7.48–7.39(m,2H).
实施例11
分子式25合成方法如实施例7所示,引入了新的原料M11。产率42%。核磁数据1H NMR(500MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.73(dd,J=7.5,1.7Hz,1H),8.63(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),8.29–8.22(m,2H),8.22–8.16(m,2H),8.05(ddd,J=12.2,7.5,1.6Hz,3H),7.97–7.92(m,1H),7.89(dtd,J=6.2,3.2,1.5Hz,2H),7.80–7.72(m,2H),7.70–7.61(m,4H),7.64–7.57(m,3H),7.56(dd,J=12.8,1.6Hz,1H),7.56–7.48(m,5H),7.48–7.39(m,5H),7.35(td,J=7.5,1.5Hz,1H).
实施例12
本发明提供了基于蒽
主体材料的有机发光器件,如图1所示,从上至下依次层叠设置的金属阴极1、电子注入层2、电子传输层3、发光层4、空穴传输层5、空穴注入层6、阳极7以及玻璃基板8,器件制备工艺为蒸镀法。
其中金属阴极选用铝,蒸镀速率为0.1-0.3nm/s,厚度为100nm;
电子注入层选用氟化锂,蒸镀速率为0.05-0.1nm/s厚度为1nm;
电子传输层选用具有如下结构的化合物LET003,蒸镀速率为0.05-0.1nm/s,厚度为40nm;
发光层由主体材料和客体材料共掺杂形成,其中主体材料选用本发明提供的主体材料和目前商业化的主体材料LBH001作为对比,客体材料选用具有如下结构的LBD001,主体材料与客体材料掺杂的质量比为90:10,蒸镀速率为0.003-0.2nm/s,厚度为40nm;
电子阻挡层选用具有如下结构的化合物LEB001,蒸镀速率为0.05-0.1nm/s,厚度为10nm;
空穴传输层选用具有如下结构的化合物NPB,蒸镀速率为0.05-0.1nm/s,厚度为100nm;
空穴注入层选用具有如下结构的化合物HATCN,蒸镀速率为0.05-0.1nm/s,厚度为10nm;
阳极7选用氧化铟锡。
表1.器件性能表
由表1可知,本发明提供的主体材料,与商业化材料LBH001相比,制备的器件具有较低的启亮电压,较高的电流效率和较长的寿命。
实施例13
本发明通过DFT计算模拟的方法,通过Spartan 20软件,泛函为B3LYP,基组为6-31G(d,p)。将本发明中的主体材料与目前商业化的材料进行对比。
表2.计算模拟的性能数值
由计算数据可知,本发明提供的主体材料与商业材料LBH001相比,具有接近的HOMO和LUMO能级,能带宽度和三线态能级略高,说明其可以更好地用在有机发光器件中,达到更好的显示效果。
综上所述,本发明提供的主体材料应用到有机发光器件中可以有效的提高器件的性能,包括效率和工作寿命。
以上实施例进一步说明本发明的内容,但不应理解为对本发明的限制。 在不背离本发明精神和实质的情况下,对本发明方法、步骤或条件所作的修改和替换,均属于本发明的范围。若未特别指明,实施例中所用的技术手段为本领域技术人员所熟知的常规手段。
Claims (8)
- 根据权利要求1所述的有机主体材料,其特征在于,Ar1用于调整分子堆积时的取向程度,选自如下中的一种:苯环、萘环、联苯。
- 根据权利要求1所述的有机主体材料,其特征在于,Ar2用于调整分子堆积时的取向程度和分子共轭长度,Ar2为芳香基团时,为苯环或者萘环。
- 根据权利要求1所述的有机主体材料,其特征在于,Ar3用于增强材料的荧光强度,Ar3为芳香基团时,选自苯环或者苯并呋喃。
- 根据权利要求1所述的有机主体材料,其特征在于,L1和/或L2用于调整分子的荧光强度与取向度,其为取代或未取代的亚芳基时,选自如下中的一种:苯环,菲或者苯并呋喃。
- 根据权利要求1所述的有机主体材料,其特征在于,其结构式中的氢原子可以部分或者全部为氘原子。
- 一种有机发光器件,包括阴极、发光层、阳极,所述发光层由主体材料和客体材料共掺杂形成,其特征在于,所述主体材料为权利要求1-7中任意一项中的有机主体材料。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018173598A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-22 | 2018-09-27 | 新日鉄住金化学株式会社 | 有機電界発光素子 |
| CN110526857A (zh) * | 2018-05-25 | 2019-12-03 | 北京鼎材科技有限公司 | 一种有机发光材料及其制备有机电致发光器件的应用 |
| CN111548353A (zh) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-08-18 | 烟台显华化工科技有限公司 | 一种有机发光材料及有机电致发光器件 |
| CN113004262A (zh) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-22 | 北京云基科技有限公司 | 一种有机材料及其应用 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2018173598A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-22 | 2018-09-27 | 新日鉄住金化学株式会社 | 有機電界発光素子 |
| CN110526857A (zh) * | 2018-05-25 | 2019-12-03 | 北京鼎材科技有限公司 | 一种有机发光材料及其制备有机电致发光器件的应用 |
| CN111548353A (zh) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-08-18 | 烟台显华化工科技有限公司 | 一种有机发光材料及有机电致发光器件 |
| CN113004262A (zh) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-22 | 北京云基科技有限公司 | 一种有机材料及其应用 |
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