WO2024016207A1 - 极片制造装置及极片制造方法 - Google Patents

极片制造装置及极片制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024016207A1
WO2024016207A1 PCT/CN2022/106721 CN2022106721W WO2024016207A1 WO 2024016207 A1 WO2024016207 A1 WO 2024016207A1 CN 2022106721 W CN2022106721 W CN 2022106721W WO 2024016207 A1 WO2024016207 A1 WO 2024016207A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
roller
blank
pole piece
pressure roller
composite
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PCT/CN2022/106721
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王正
陆雷
余林真
李世松
张盛武
胡长远
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to CN202280067321.6A priority Critical patent/CN118077066A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2022/106721 priority patent/WO2024016207A1/zh
Priority to EP22951485.6A priority patent/EP4443528A1/en
Publication of WO2024016207A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024016207A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
    • H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
    • H01M4/0409—Methods of deposition of the material by a doctor blade method, slip-casting or roller coating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/043—Processes of manufacture in general involving compressing or compaction
    • H01M4/0435—Rolling or calendering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of batteries, specifically, to a pole piece manufacturing device and a pole piece manufacturing method.
  • a battery includes an electrode assembly, which is the part of the battery where electrochemical reactions occur.
  • the electrode assembly is mainly composed of positive electrode pieces and negative electrode pieces wound or laminated.
  • pole pieces At present, the manufacturing of pole pieces is mainly divided into wet technology and dry technology. However, the performance of pole pieces manufactured by dry technology is often poor.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a pole piece manufacturing device and a pole piece manufacturing method, which are intended to improve the problem in the related art that pole pieces manufactured by dry technology often have poor performance.
  • inventions of the present application provide a pole piece manufacturing device.
  • the pole piece manufacturing device includes an extrusion mechanism, a film forming mechanism and a composite mechanism.
  • the extrusion mechanism is used to extrude the active material slurry into shape. It is a rough material;
  • the film forming mechanism is arranged downstream of the extrusion mechanism, and the film forming mechanism is used to thin the rough material into a diaphragm;
  • the composite mechanism is arranged at the end of the film forming mechanism Downstream, the composite mechanism is used to composite the diaphragm and the base material to form a pole piece.
  • the pole piece manufacturing device extrudes the active material slurry into a blank through an extrusion mechanism, so that the powder and particles in the active material slurry can be mixed evenly.
  • Forming the blank into a diaphragm through a film forming mechanism is beneficial to controlling the thickness and uniformity of the formed diaphragm compared to directly molding active material powders and granules into a diaphragm.
  • the film forming mechanism includes a rolling mechanism, and the rolling mechanism is used to roll the blank to thin and shape the blank into a film.
  • the rough material is thinned and formed into a diaphragm by using a rolling mechanism to roll the rough material, which has higher efficiency and better uniformity.
  • the rolling mechanism includes a plurality of pressure rollers, and a rolling gap is formed between two adjacent pressure rollers for the blank to pass.
  • the multiple pressure rollers can gradually thin the blank into a diaphragm.
  • the degree of thinning each time will not be too large, which is beneficial to improving the uniformity and thickness of the diaphragm. consistency.
  • multiple pressing rollers form multiple rolling gaps, and the widths of the multiple rolling gaps gradually decrease along the conveying direction of the blank.
  • the width of the multiple roller gaps gradually decreases, which is conducive to gradually thinning the blank, so that the degree of thinning each time is not too large, which is beneficial to improving the film
  • the uniformity and thickness consistency of the slices are beneficial to improving the film.
  • the pressure roller located at the end of the plurality of pressure rollers is the first pressure roller
  • the composite mechanism includes a composite roller
  • a composite gap is formed between the composite roller and the first pressure roller for the film and the substrate to pass through.
  • the composite roller cooperates with the first pressure roller to roll the film and the substrate to composite the film and the substrate into a pole piece.
  • the first pressure roller serves as both a component for rolling the blank and a composite
  • the components of the diaphragm and the base material realize two functions in one component, simplifying the structure of the pole piece manufacturing device and reducing the cost of the pole piece manufacturing device.
  • the angular velocity of the composite roller is ⁇ 1
  • the radius of the composite roller is r 1
  • the angular velocity of the first pressing roller is ⁇ 2
  • the first pressing roller has an angular velocity of ⁇ 1 .
  • the radius of the roller is r 2 and satisfies: ⁇ 1 ⁇ r 1 > ⁇ 2 ⁇ r 2 .
  • the product of the angular velocity of the composite roller and the radius of the composite roller is also the first linear speed of the composite roller pressing the film sheet and the substrate, and the product of the angular velocity of the first pressing roller and the radius of the first pressing roller is also That is, the second linear speed at which the first pressing roller presses the film sheet and the substrate.
  • the angular velocity of the composite roller is greater than the angular velocity of the first pressure roller, so that the first linear speed is greater than the second linear speed, thereby making the composite pole
  • the sheets are attached to the composite roller to avoid random transfer of the composited pole pieces causing tearing or unevenness of the pole pieces.
  • the angular velocity of the composite roller equal to the angular velocity of the first pressure roller, making the radius of the composite roller greater than the radius of the first pressure roller, so that the first linear speed is greater than the second linear speed, thereby making the composite pole
  • the sheets are attached to the composite roller to avoid random transfer of the composited pole pieces causing tearing or unevenness of the pole pieces.
  • the ratio of the first linear speed and the second linear speed is limited to greater than 1 and less than or equal to 1.5, which is beneficial to ensuring the quality of rolling and at the same time, it also enables better transfer and adhesion of the pole pieces after rolling. to the composite roller.
  • the composite pole piece cannot be stably attached to the composite roller, and the pole piece is randomly transferred between the composite roller and the first pressure roller. , which may cause the pole piece to be torn or uneven.
  • ( ⁇ 1 ⁇ r 1 )/( ⁇ 2 ⁇ r 2 ) ⁇ 1 the pole piece will transfer towards the first pressure roller.
  • the first pressure roller is wrapped with both the diaphragm and the pole piece, which can easily lead to production disorder.
  • ( ⁇ 1 ⁇ r 1 )/( ⁇ 2 ⁇ r 2 )>1.5 the difference between the first linear speed of the composite roller and the second linear speed of the first pressing roller is too large, resulting in a gap between the rolled film and the substrate. The effect is poor, that is, the composite quality is poor.
  • the angular velocity of the composite roller is ⁇ 1 and the radius of the composite roller is r 1 , which satisfies: 1m/min ⁇ 1 ⁇ r 1 ⁇ 100m/min.
  • the first linear speed of the composite roller is limited to between 1 and 100 m/min, so as to achieve higher rolling efficiency while ensuring better rolling quality.
  • ⁇ 1 ⁇ r 1 ⁇ 1m/min although the rolling quality is good, the rolling speed is too slow and the rolling efficiency is low.
  • ⁇ 1 ⁇ r 1 >100m/min although the rolling efficiency is high, the rolling quality is poor.
  • the width of the composite gap is 0 to 60 ⁇ m larger than the width of the rolling gap located at the extreme end along the conveying direction of the blank.
  • the width of the composite gap is 0 to 60 ⁇ m larger than the width of the rolling gap at the end.
  • the width of the composite gap can be equal to the width of the rolling gap located at the end along the conveying direction of the blank. In this way, within the composite gap, the diaphragm and the base material can be flattened and compacted to ensure that the diaphragm will not separate from the base material. .
  • the pressure roller near the head end of the two adjacent pressure rollers is the second pressure roller, and the pressure roller near the end is The pressure roller is a third pressure roller.
  • the angular speed of the second pressure roller is ⁇ 3 .
  • the radius of the second pressure roller is r 3 .
  • the angular speed of the third pressure roller is ⁇ 4 .
  • the radius of is r 4 , satisfying: ⁇ 3 ⁇ r 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ r 4 .
  • the product of the angular speed of the second pressure roller and the radius of the second pressure roller is also the third linear speed of the second pressure roller rolling the blank, and the product of the angular speed of the third pressure roller and the radius of the third pressure roller
  • the product is also the fourth linear speed of the third pressure roller pressing the film and the substrate.
  • the angular speed of the third pressure roller is greater than the angular speed of the second pressure roller, so that the fourth linear speed is greater than the third linear speed, so that The rolled blank is attached to the third pressing roller to prevent the rolled blank from being randomly transferred and causing tears or unevenness in the rolled blank.
  • the ratio of the fourth linear speed and the third linear speed is limited to greater than 1 and less than or equal to 1.5, which is beneficial to ensuring the quality of rolling and at the same time, it also enables better transfer and adhesion of the rolled blank. to the third pressure roller.
  • ⁇ 1 ⁇ r 1 >1.5 the difference between the fourth linear speed of the third pressure roller and the third linear speed of the second pressure roller is too large, resulting in poor rolling effect on the blank and poor film quality.
  • the film forming mechanism also includes a detection unit and an adjustment mechanism, the detection unit is used to detect the roller pressure of the pressure roller pressing the blank; the adjustment mechanism A mechanism is connected to the pressure roller, and the adjustment mechanism is used to increase or decrease the pressure applied to the pressure roller according to the detection result of the detection unit.
  • a detection unit is provided to detect the roller pressure of rolling the blank.
  • the adjustment mechanism reduces the pressure applied to the pressing roller.
  • the adjustment mechanism increases the pressure applied to the pressure roller so that the roller pressure is maintained within the preset range. As a result, the roller pressure for rolling the blank is more uniform, which is beneficial to improving the quality of the formed diaphragm.
  • the film forming mechanism includes a first extrusion part and a second extrusion part, and the second extrusion part is arranged opposite to the first extrusion part, so The second extrusion piece and the first extrusion piece are used to cooperate with each other in extruding the blank material to thin and shape the blank material into the diaphragm.
  • the blank material is extruded through the first extrusion part and the second extrusion part, and the blank material is extruded and thinned into a diaphragm.
  • the extrusion efficiency is high and the area is small.
  • inventions of the present application also provide a pole piece manufacturing method.
  • the pole piece manufacturing method includes: extruding the active material slurry into a rough material; thinning the rough material into a diaphragm; The diaphragm and the base material are combined to form a pole piece.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of a pole piece manufacturing device provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pole piece manufacturing device (two pressure rollers) provided by some embodiments of the present application;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a pole piece manufacturing device (more than two pressure rollers) provided by some embodiments of the present application;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a pole piece manufacturing device provided by some embodiments of the present application (the roller diameter of the composite roller is larger than the roller diameter of the first pressure roller);
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a pole piece manufacturing device provided by some embodiments of the present application (the roller diameter of the second pressure roller is smaller than the roller diameter of the third pressure roller);
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a pole piece manufacturing device provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic block diagram of a film forming mechanism provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a pole piece manufacturing device provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic block diagram of a pole piece manufacturing method provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Icon 10-Pole piece manufacturing device; 100-Extrusion mechanism; 200-Film forming mechanism; 210-Rolling mechanism; 211-First pressure roller; 212-Second pressure roller; 213-Third pressure roller; 214- Rolling gap; 220-detection unit; 230-adjustment mechanism; 240-first extrusion part; 250-second extrusion part; 300-composite mechanism; 310-composite roller; 320-composite gap; 400-blank material; 500-diaphragm; 600-substrate; 700-pole piece.
  • an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application.
  • the appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art understand, both explicitly and implicitly, that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two).
  • multiple groups refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and “multiple pieces” refers to It is more than two pieces (including two pieces).
  • Batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydraulic, thermal, wind and solar power stations, but are also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles and electric cars, as well as in many fields such as military equipment and aerospace. As battery application fields continue to expand, its market demand is also expanding.
  • a battery includes an electrode assembly, which is the part of the battery where electrochemical reactions occur.
  • the electrode assembly is mainly composed of positive electrode pieces and negative electrode pieces wound or laminated.
  • the inventor further studied and found that when dry technology is used to manufacture the pole piece, the powder and particles of the active material are supplied to the surface of the roller, and the powder and particles of the active material are directly rolled into a film.
  • the powder and particles of the active material cannot be mixed evenly, and the thickness of the diaphragm is not easy to ensure.
  • the active material layer of the pole piece produced by using such a diaphragm has poor uniformity, resulting in poor performance of the pole piece.
  • the pole piece manufacturing device includes an extrusion mechanism, a film forming mechanism, and a composite mechanism.
  • the extrusion mechanism is used to extrude the active material slurry into a blank.
  • the film forming mechanism is arranged downstream of the extrusion mechanism.
  • the film forming mechanism is used to thin and shape the blank into a diaphragm.
  • the composite mechanism is arranged downstream of the film forming mechanism, and is used to composite the diaphragm and the base material to form the pole piece.
  • the pole piece manufacturing device extrudes the active material slurry into a blank through an extrusion mechanism, so that the powder and particles in the active material slurry can be mixed evenly.
  • Forming the blank into a diaphragm through a film forming mechanism is beneficial to controlling the thickness and uniformity of the formed diaphragm compared to directly forming the active material powder and particles into the diaphragm.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of a pole piece manufacturing device 10 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pole piece manufacturing device 10 (two pressure rollers) provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a pole piece manufacturing device 10.
  • the pole piece manufacturing device 10 includes an extrusion mechanism 100, a film forming mechanism 200, and a composite mechanism 300.
  • the extrusion mechanism 100 is used to extrude the active material slurry into a blank 400 .
  • the film forming mechanism 200 is provided downstream of the extrusion mechanism 100 .
  • the film forming mechanism 200 is used to thin the blank 400 and form it into a film 500 .
  • the composite mechanism 300 is provided downstream of the film forming mechanism 200.
  • the composite mechanism 300 is used to composite the diaphragm 500 and the base material 600 to form the pole piece 700.
  • the extrusion mechanism 100 is a mechanism capable of performing an extrusion molding process.
  • the active material slurry can be extruded and formed into a blank 400 using the extrusion mechanism 100, so that the active material can be mixed evenly.
  • the extrusion mechanism 100 includes, but is not limited to, a plunger extrusion mechanism, a twin-screw extrusion mechanism, a single-screw extrusion mechanism, and the like.
  • Active material slurry refers to a mixture including solvent, active material powder and/or active material particles. Active substance powder and/or active substance granules can be dissolved in the solvent to facilitate uniform mixing. Compared with the solution that only includes active material powder and/or active material particles, it can be mixed more evenly and fully. In order to further improve the performance of the diaphragm 500, the proportion of active material powder and/or active material particles can be increased to form an active material slurry with a high solid content.
  • the blank 400 is a product obtained by extruding the active material slurry.
  • the rough material 400 is thicker, has self-supporting ability, and is not easy to break.
  • the thickness of the blank 400 is generally 1 to 10 mm.
  • the film molding mechanism 200 is a mechanism capable of thinning and molding the blank 400 into the diaphragm 500 . Since the thickness of the blank material 400 is relatively thick and cannot be directly combined with the base material 600, the blank material 400 is thinned through the film forming mechanism 200 to form the diaphragm 500.
  • the diaphragm 500 that is thinned and formed by the film forming mechanism 200 has better uniformity of active material and a more uniform thickness, which is beneficial to improving the quality of the pole piece 700.
  • the composite mechanism 300 is a mechanism that composites the diaphragm 500 and the base material 600 into the pole piece 700.
  • the diaphragm 500 is the active material layer of the pole piece 700
  • the base material 600 is the current collector of the pole piece 700 .
  • the base material 600 of the positive electrode sheet may be aluminum, and the active material of the positive electrode sheet may be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium, or lithium manganate.
  • the base material 600 of the negative electrode sheet may be copper, and the active material of the negative electrode sheet may be carbon, silicon, or the like.
  • the pole piece manufacturing device 10 extrudes the active material slurry into a blank 400 through the extrusion mechanism 100, so that the powder and particles in the active material slurry can be mixed evenly.
  • Using the film forming mechanism 200 to form the blank 400 into the diaphragm 500 is advantageous in controlling the thickness and uniformity of the formed diaphragm 500 compared to directly forming the active material powder and particles into the diaphragm 500 .
  • the pole piece manufacturing device 10 is used to manufacture the pole piece 700, the uniformity of the active material layer is good, the pole piece 700 has excellent performance, and the manufacturing efficiency is high.
  • the film forming mechanism 200 includes a rolling mechanism 210 .
  • the rolling mechanism 210 is used to roll the blank 400 to thin the blank 400 and form it into a film 500 .
  • the rolling mechanism 210 is a mechanism that causes continuous plastic deformation of the material.
  • the thickness of the blank 400 can be reduced. After the thickness of the blank 400 is reduced to meet the design requirements, the diaphragm 500 can be formed.
  • the rolling mechanism 210 By using the rolling mechanism 210 to roll the blank 400, the blank 400 is thinned and formed into the diaphragm 500, which has higher efficiency and better uniformity.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a pole piece manufacturing device 10 (more than two pressure rollers) provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the rolling mechanism 210 includes a plurality of pressure rollers, and a rolling gap 214 is formed between two adjacent pressure rollers for the blank 400 to pass.
  • Multiple pressure rollers refers to two pressure rollers, three pressure rollers or more than three pressure rollers. Please refer to FIG. 2 , which shows a situation in which the rolling mechanism 210 includes two pressing rollers. Please refer to FIG. 3 , which shows a situation in which the rolling mechanism 210 includes four pressing rollers.
  • the rolling gap 214 is formed between two adjacent pressing rollers for the blank 400 to pass” means that the two adjacent pressing rollers cooperate to roll the blank 400 to reduce the thickness of the blank 400 to the same thickness as the rollers.
  • the widths of the pressing gaps 214 are equal.
  • the multiple pressure rollers can gradually thin the blank 400 into the diaphragm 500, and the degree of thinning each time will not be too large, which is beneficial to improving the uniformity and thickness consistency of the diaphragm 500.
  • multiple pressing rollers form multiple rolling gaps 214 , and the widths of the multiple rolling gaps 214 gradually decrease along the conveying direction of the blank 400 .
  • the number of the plurality of pressure rollers is at most one more than the number of the plurality of rolling gaps 214.
  • two pressure rollers form a roller nip 214 .
  • three pressing rollers form two rolling gaps 214 .
  • the four pressing rollers form three rolling nip 214 .
  • four pressing rollers can also form two rolling gaps 214.
  • a straight line located in the same plane as the axes of the two adjacent pressing rollers and perpendicular to the axes of the two adjacent pressing rollers is the first straight line.
  • the intersection point of the first straight line and the circumferential surface of one of the pressure rollers is the first intersection point
  • the intersection point of the first straight line and the circumferential surface of the other pressure roller is the second intersection point
  • the width of the rolling gap 214 is the first intersection point and the second intersection point.
  • the width of the rolling gap 214 can also be simply understood as the minimum distance between the circumferential surfaces of the two pressing rollers.
  • the conveying direction of the blank 400 refers to the winding direction in which the blank 400 is wound around multiple pressure rollers in sequence, rather than the extrusion direction when the extrusion mechanism 100 extrudes the blank 400 .
  • the widths of the multiple rolling gaps 214 gradually decrease, which is beneficial to gradually thinning the blank 400, so that the degree of thinning each time is not too large, which is beneficial to improving the strength of the diaphragm 500. Uniformity and thickness consistency.
  • the end pressure roller among the plurality of pressure rollers is the first pressure roller 211 .
  • the composite mechanism 300 includes a composite roller 310, and a composite gap 320 is formed between the composite roller 310 and the first pressure roller 211 for the film 500 and the substrate 600 to pass through.
  • the first pressure roller 211 specifically refers to a pressure roller located at the end of the plurality of pressure rollers along the conveying direction of the blank 400 .
  • the rolling mechanism 210 includes two pressing rollers. At this time, the blank 400 can pass through the rolling gap 214 and be wound in any direction. Therefore, any one of the two pressing rollers can serve as the first pressing roller 211 .
  • the rolling mechanism 210 in Figure 3 includes four pressing rollers, counting from left to right. The blank 400 passes through the rolling gap 214 formed between the first pressing roller and the second pressing roller in sequence.
  • the rolling gap 214 formed between the two pressure rollers and the third pressure roller, the rolling gap 214 formed between the third pressure roller and the fourth pressure roller, at this time, the fourth pressure roller is the The pressure roller located at the end of the two pressure rollers, that is, the fourth pressure roller, is the first pressure roller 211.
  • the composite roller 310 is a roller structure used to composite the film 500 and the base material 600 .
  • the composite roller 310 cooperates with the first pressure roller 211 to composite the film 500 and the base material 600, which can reduce the number of composite rollers 310.
  • the laminating mechanism 300 may include a plurality of laminating rollers 310 , and the plurality of laminating rollers 310 cooperate to roll the film 500 and the substrate 600 to laminate the film 500 and the substrate 600 .
  • the composite roller 310 cooperates with the first pressure roller 211 to roll the film 500 and the base material 600 to composite the film 500 and the base material 600 into the pole piece 700.
  • the first pressure roller 211 serves as a component for rolling the blank 400.
  • one component fulfills two functions, simplifying the structure of the pole piece manufacturing device 10 and reducing the cost of the pole piece manufacturing device 10 .
  • the angular velocity of the composite roller 310 is ⁇ 1
  • the radius of the composite roller 310 is r 1
  • the angular velocity of the first pressure roller 211 is ⁇ 2
  • the radius of the first pressure roller 211 is r 2 , satisfying: ⁇ 1 ⁇ r 1 > ⁇ 2 ⁇ r 2 .
  • a straight line located in the same plane as the axes of the first pressing roller 211 and the composite roller 310 and perpendicular to the axes of the first pressing roller 211 and the composite roller 310 is a second straight line.
  • the intersection point of the second straight line and the circumferential surface of the composite roller 310 is the third intersection point, and the intersection point of the second straight line and the circumferential surface of the first pressure roller 211 is the fourth intersection point.
  • the angular velocity of the composite roller 310 is ⁇ 1 which may be the angle that the third intersection point rotates per unit time.
  • the angular velocity ⁇ 2 of the first pressure roller 211 may be the angle that the fourth intersection point rotates per unit time.
  • the product of the angular velocity of the composite roller 310 and the radius of the composite roller 310 is also the first linear speed v 1 of the composite roller 310 rolling the film 500 and the substrate 600 (that is, the linear speed v 1 of the third intersection point), the first The product of the angular velocity of the pressure roller 211 and the radius of the first pressure roller 211 is also the second linear speed v 2 of the first pressure roller 211 rolling the film 500 and the substrate 600 (that is, the linear speed v 2 of the fourth intersection point) .
  • the composite pole piece 700 By making the first linear speed greater than the second linear speed, it is beneficial to make the composite pole piece 700 fit to the composite roller 310 and avoid the random transfer of the composite pole piece 700 causing the pole piece 700 to be torn or uneven.
  • r 1 r 2 and ⁇ 1 > ⁇ 2 .
  • ⁇ 1 > ⁇ 2 means that the angular velocity of the composite roller 310 is greater than the angular velocity of the first pressing roller 211 .
  • the angular velocity of the composite roller 310 is greater than the angular velocity of the first pressure roller 211, so that the first linear speed is greater than the second linear speed, so that the composite pole piece 700 It is attached to the composite roller 310 to prevent the composite pole piece 700 from being randomly transferred and causing the pole piece 700 to be torn or uneven.
  • r 1 >r 2 means that the radius of the composite roller 310 is larger than the radius of the first pressing roller 211 .
  • the composite pole piece 700 It is attached to the composite roller 310 to prevent the composite pole piece 700 from being randomly transferred and causing the pole piece 700 to be torn or uneven.
  • “1 ⁇ ( ⁇ 1 ⁇ r 1 )/( ⁇ 2 ⁇ r 2 ) ⁇ 1.5” can also be understood as 1 ⁇ v 1 / v 2 ⁇ 1.5. That is, the ratio of the first linear speed to the second linear speed is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 1.5.
  • Limiting the ratio of the first linear speed to the second linear speed to be greater than 1 and less than or equal to 1.5 is beneficial to ensuring the rolling quality, and also enables the rolled pole piece 700 to be better transferred and adhered to the composite roller 310 .
  • the composite pole piece 700 cannot be stably attached to the composite roller 310, and the pole piece 700 randomly moves between the composite roller 310 and the first pressing force. Transfer between rollers 211 may cause the pole piece 700 to be torn or uneven.
  • the angular velocity of the composite roller 310 is ⁇ 1 and the radius of the composite roller 310 is r 1 , which satisfies: 1m/min ⁇ 1 ⁇ r 1 ⁇ 100m/min.
  • “1m/min ⁇ 1 ⁇ r 1 ⁇ 100m/min” means 1m/min ⁇ v 1 ⁇ 100m/min.
  • the first linear speed of the composite roller 310 is 1 to 100m/min. For example, ⁇ 1 /min etc.
  • the first linear speed of the composite roller 310 is limited to between 1 and 100 m/min, so as to achieve higher rolling efficiency while ensuring better rolling quality.
  • ⁇ 1 ⁇ r 1 ⁇ 1m/min although the rolling quality is good, the rolling speed is too slow and the rolling efficiency is low.
  • ⁇ 1 ⁇ r 1 >100m/min although the rolling efficiency is high, the rolling quality is poor.
  • the angular velocity of the first pressure roller 211 is ⁇ 2 and the radius of the first pressure roller 211 is r 2 , which satisfies: 1m/min ⁇ 2 ⁇ r 2 ⁇ 100m/min.
  • “1m/min ⁇ 2 ⁇ r 2 ⁇ 100m/min” means 1m/min ⁇ v 2 ⁇ 100m/min.
  • the second linear speed of the first pressure roller 211 is 1 to 100m/min. For example, ⁇ 2 /min etc.
  • the second linear speed of the first pressing roller 211 is limited to between 1 and 100 m/min, so as to achieve higher rolling efficiency while ensuring better rolling quality.
  • ⁇ 2 ⁇ r 2 ⁇ 1m/min although the rolling quality is good, the rolling speed is too slow and the rolling efficiency is low.
  • ⁇ 2 ⁇ r 2 >100m/min although the rolling efficiency is high, the rolling quality is poor.
  • the width of the composite gap 320 is 0-60 ⁇ m larger than the width of the rolling gap 214 located at the end along the conveying direction of the blank 400 .
  • the width of the composite gap 320 refers to the distance between the third intersection point and the fourth intersection point.
  • the width of the rolling gap 214 located at the end of the conveying direction of the blank 400 is also the width of the rolling gap 214 formed by the first pressing roller 211 and the adjacent pressing roller.
  • the width of the rolling gap 214 located at the end along the conveying direction of the blank 400 refers to the width of the plurality of rolling gaps 214 The width of the rolling gap 214 with the smallest width.
  • the width of the composite gap 320 is 0-60 ⁇ m larger than the width of the rolling gap 214 located at the end.
  • the width of the composite gap 320 can be equal to the width of the rolling gap 214 located at the end along the conveying direction of the blank 400. In this way, in the composite gap 320, the diaphragm 500 and the base material 600 can be flattened and compacted to ensure that the film The sheet 500 will not separate from the substrate 600.
  • the pressure roller near the head end is the second pressure roller 212
  • the pressure roller near the end is the third pressure roller 213 .
  • the angular velocity of the second pressure roller 212 is ⁇ 3 and the radius of the second pressure roller 212 is r 3 .
  • the angular velocity of the third pressure roller 213 is ⁇ 4 and the radius of the third pressure roller 213 is r 4 , which satisfies: ⁇ 3 ⁇ r 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ r 4 .
  • the second pressure roller 212 is the pressure roller closer to the head end along the conveying direction of the blank 400 among the two adjacent pressure rollers.
  • the third pressure roller 213 is the pressure roller closer to the end along the conveying direction of the blank 400 among the two adjacent pressure rollers.
  • the second pressure roller 212 and the third pressure roller 213 do not specifically refer to which pressure roller.
  • the second pressure roller 212 is the first pressure roller
  • the third pressure roller 213 is the second pressure roller.
  • the second pressure roller is also the first pressure roller 211 .
  • the first pressure roller is the second pressure roller 212
  • the second pressure roller is the second pressure roller 212
  • the pressure roller is the third pressure roller 213. If the second pressure roller and the third pressure roller are two adjacent pressure rollers as an example, the second pressure roller is the second pressure roller 212 and the third pressure roller is the third pressure roller 213 . If the third pressure roller and the fourth pressure roller are two adjacent pressure rollers as an example, the third pressure roller is the second pressure roller 212, and the fourth pressure roller is the third pressure roller 213. At the same time, since the fourth pressure roller is a pressure roller located at the end of the plurality of pressure rollers along the conveying direction of the blank 400 , the fourth pressure roller is also the first pressure roller 211 .
  • a straight line located in the same plane as the axes of the second pressure roller 212 and the third pressure roller 213 and perpendicular to the axes of the second pressure roller 212 and the third pressure roller 213 is a third straight line.
  • the intersection point of the third straight line and the circumferential surface of the second pressure roller 212 is the fifth intersection point
  • the intersection point of the third straight line and the circumferential surface of the third pressure roller 213 is the sixth intersection point.
  • ⁇ 4 ⁇ r 4 is the product of the angular velocity of the third pressure roller 213 and the radius of the third pressure roller 213 , that is, the fourth linear speed v 4 of the third pressure roller 213 rolling the blank 400 (also That is the linear velocity v 4 ) of the sixth intersection point.
  • the product of the angular speed of the second pressure roller 212 and the radius of the second pressure roller 212 is also the third linear speed of the second pressure roller 212 rolling the blank 400, and the product of the angular speed of the third pressure roller 213 and the radius of the third pressure roller 213.
  • the product is the fourth linear speed at which the third pressing roller 213 rolls the film 500 and the substrate 600 .
  • r 3 r 4 and ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 .
  • ⁇ 4 > ⁇ 3 means that the angular velocity of the third pressing roller 213 is greater than the angular velocity of the second pressing roller 212 .
  • the angular speed of the third pressure roller 213 is greater than the angular speed of the second pressure roller 212, so that the fourth linear speed is greater than the third linear speed, thereby making the roller pressing
  • the final blank 400 is attached to the third pressing roller 213 to prevent the rolled blank 400 from being randomly transferred and causing the rolled blank 400 to be torn or uneven.
  • r 4 > r 3 means that the radius of the third pressure roller 213 is larger than the radius of the second pressure roller 212 .
  • the angular speed of the second pressure roller 212 equal to the angular speed of the third pressure roller 213, making the radius of the third pressure roller 213 larger than the radius of the second pressure roller 212, so that the fourth linear speed is larger than the third linear speed, thereby making the roller pressing
  • the final blank 400 is attached to the third pressing roller 213 to prevent the rolled blank 400 from being randomly transferred and causing the rolled blank 400 to be torn or uneven.
  • “1 ⁇ ( ⁇ 4 ⁇ r 4 )/( ⁇ 3 ⁇ r 3 ) ⁇ 1.5” can also be understood as 1 ⁇ v 4 / v 3 ⁇ 1.5. That is, the ratio of the fourth linear speed to the third linear speed is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 1.5.
  • Limiting the ratio between the fourth linear speed and the third linear speed to be greater than 1 and less than or equal to 1.5 is beneficial to ensuring the quality of rolling, and at the same time, the rolled blank 400 can be better transferred and attached to the third pressing roller. 213.
  • the rolled blank 400 cannot be stably attached to the third pressing roller 213 , and the rolled blank 400 is randomly placed on the third pressing roller 213 .
  • the transfer between the second pressing roller 212 and the third pressing roller 213 may cause the rolled blank 400 to be torn or uneven.
  • the angular velocity of the second pressure roller 212 is ⁇ 3 and the radius of the second pressure roller 212 is r 3 , which satisfies: 1m/min ⁇ 3 ⁇ r 3 ⁇ 100m/min.
  • “1m/min ⁇ 3 ⁇ r 3 ⁇ 100m/min” means 1m/min ⁇ v 3 ⁇ 100m/min.
  • the first linear speed of the second pressure roller 212 is 1 to 100m/min.
  • ⁇ 3 ⁇ r 3 can be 1m/min, 10m/min, 20m/min, 30m/min, 40m/min, 50m/min, 60m/min, 70m/min, 80m/min, 90m/min, 100m /min etc.
  • the third linear speed of the second pressing roller 212 is limited to between 1 and 100 m/min, so as to achieve higher rolling efficiency while ensuring better rolling quality.
  • ⁇ 3 ⁇ r 3 ⁇ 1m/min although the rolling quality is good, the rolling speed is too slow and the rolling efficiency is low.
  • ⁇ 3 ⁇ r 3 >100m/min although the rolling efficiency is high, the rolling quality is poor.
  • the width of the rolling gap 214 is 10-500 ⁇ m, which can better roll the blank 400 into the film 500 .
  • multiple pressing rollers are arranged in a horizontal direction in the space to support the blank 400 when the blank 400 enters the first rolling gap 214 .
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a pole piece manufacturing device 10 provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • multiple pressure rollers are arranged vertically in the space. Since the blank 400 has the ability to support itself, the blank 400 will not fall even if multiple pressure rollers are arranged vertically in the space.
  • multiple pressure rollers since active material powder and/or active material particles are directly supplied to the roller surface, multiple pressure rollers must be arranged along the horizontal direction so that the pressure rollers can support the active material powder and/or active material particles. or active material particles.
  • the blank 400 in this embodiment has self-supporting ability, multiple pressure rollers can be arranged at will to improve space utilization and increase the flexibility of the pressure roller settings.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a film forming mechanism 200 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the film forming mechanism 200 also includes a detection unit 220 and an adjustment mechanism 230.
  • the detection unit 220 is used to detect the roller pressure of the pressing roller to press the blank 400.
  • the adjustment mechanism 230 is connected to the pressure roller, and is used to increase or decrease the pressure applied to the pressure roller according to the detection result of the detection unit 220 .
  • the detection unit 220 is a component used to detect the pressure on the first intersection point, the second intersection point, the fifth intersection point or the sixth intersection point.
  • the detection unit 220 may be a pressure sensor or a piezoelectric sensor.
  • the adjusting mechanism 230 is connected to the pressure roller and can change the pressure exerted by the pressure roller.
  • the adjustment mechanism 230 may be a hydraulic pressurizing mechanism, a pneumatic pressurizing mechanism, an electric pressurizing mechanism, or the like.
  • the detection unit 220 is provided to detect the roller pressure of the rolling blank 400.
  • the adjustment mechanism 230 reduces the pressure applied to the pressing roller.
  • the adjustment mechanism 230 increases the pressure applied to the pressure roller so that the roller pressure is maintained within a preset range. Therefore, the roller pressure of rolling the blank 400 is relatively uniform, which is beneficial to improving the quality of the formed diaphragm 500 .
  • the preset range is 0.1 to 50T, and the roller pressure has a better effect of rolling the blank 400 within this range.
  • the film forming mechanism 200 includes a first extrusion part 240 and a second extrusion part 250 , and the second extrusion part 250 is arranged opposite to the first extrusion part 240 .
  • the second extrusion part 250 and the first extrusion part 240 are used to extrudate the blank 400 in cooperation to thin the blank 400 and form it into the diaphragm 500 .
  • the first extrusion part 240 and the second extrusion part 250 can cooperate to extrudate the blank 400 to reduce the thickness of the blank 400 so that the blank 400 is formed into the diaphragm 500 .
  • the first extruding part 240 may be a pressure plate
  • the second extruding part 250 may be a supporting platform.
  • the extrusion mechanism 100 extrudes a certain amount of blank 400 between the first extrusion part 240 and the second extrusion part 250, and then stops extrusion.
  • the first extrusion part 240 moves closer to the second extrusion part 250 to squeeze and thin the blank 400 so that the blank 400 is formed into the diaphragm 500 .
  • the diaphragm 500 and the base material 600 are then compounded into the pole piece 700 by the compounding mechanism 300 .
  • the extrusion mechanism 100 continues to extrude, and so on, the pole piece 700 can be continuously produced.
  • the blank 400 is extruded through the first extrusion part 240 and the second extrusion part 250, and the blank 400 is extruded and thinned into the diaphragm 500.
  • the extrusion efficiency is high and the area is small.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a manufacturing method of the pole piece 700 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a method for manufacturing the pole piece 700.
  • the manufacturing method of the pole piece 700 includes:
  • Step S1 Extrude the active material slurry into a blank 400;
  • Step S2 Thin the blank 400 and shape it into the diaphragm 500;
  • Step S3 Composite the diaphragm 500 and the base material 600 to form the pole piece 700.
  • the powder and particles in the active material slurry can be mixed evenly.
  • the blank 400 By molding the blank 400 into the diaphragm 500 , it is advantageous to control the thickness and uniformity of the molded diaphragm 500 compared to directly molding the active material powder and particles into the diaphragm 500 .
  • the pole piece 700 is manufactured using this pole piece 700 manufacturing method, the active material layer has good uniformity, the pole piece 700 has excellent performance, and the manufacturing efficiency is high.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a pole piece manufacturing device 10.
  • the pole piece manufacturing device 10 includes an extrusion mechanism 100, a film forming mechanism 200, and a composite mechanism 300.
  • the extrusion mechanism 100 is used to extrude the active material slurry into a blank 400 .
  • the film forming mechanism 200 is provided downstream of the extrusion mechanism 100 .
  • the film forming mechanism 200 is used to thin the blank 400 and form it into a film 500 .
  • the composite mechanism 300 is provided downstream of the film forming mechanism 200.
  • the composite mechanism 300 is used to composite the diaphragm 500 and the base material 600 to form the pole piece 700.
  • the film forming mechanism 200 includes a rolling mechanism 210 , which is used to roll the blank 400 to thin the blank 400 and form it into a film 500 .
  • the rolling mechanism 210 includes a plurality of pressing rollers, and a rolling gap 214 is formed between two adjacent pressing rollers for the blank 400 to pass.
  • the pressure roller located at the end of the plurality of pressure rollers is the first pressure roller 211.
  • the composite mechanism 300 includes a composite roller 310.
  • the film supply sheet 500 and the composite roller 310 are formed between the composite roller 310 and the first pressure roller 211.
  • Composite gap 320 through which substrate 600 passes.
  • the angular velocity of the composite roller 310 is ⁇ 1
  • the radius of the composite roller 310 is r 1
  • the angular velocity of the first pressure roller 211 is ⁇ 2
  • the radius of the first pressure roller 211 is r 2 , satisfying: ⁇ 1 ⁇ r 1 > ⁇ 2 ⁇ r 2 .
  • the pressure roller near the head end is the second pressure roller 212
  • the pressure roller near the end is the third pressure roller 213.
  • the angular velocity of the second pressure roller 212 is ⁇ 3
  • the radius of the second pressure roller 212 is r 3
  • the angular velocity of the third pressure roller 213 is ⁇ 4
  • the radius of the third pressure roller 213 is r 4 , satisfying: ⁇ 3 ⁇ r 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ r 4 .
  • the pole piece manufacturing device 10 extrudes the active material slurry into a blank 400 through the extrusion mechanism 100, so that the powder and particles in the active material slurry can be mixed evenly.
  • Using the film forming mechanism 200 to form the blank 400 into the diaphragm 500 is advantageous in controlling the thickness and uniformity of the formed diaphragm 500 compared to directly forming the active material powder and particles into the diaphragm 500 .
  • the pole piece manufacturing device 10 is used to manufacture the pole piece 700, the uniformity of the active material layer is good, the pole piece 700 has excellent performance, and the manufacturing efficiency is high.
  • the blank 400 is thinned and formed into the diaphragm 500, which has higher efficiency and better uniformity.
  • the multiple pressure rollers can gradually thin the blank 400 into the diaphragm 500, and the degree of thinning each time will not be too large, which is beneficial to improving the uniformity and thickness consistency of the diaphragm 500.
  • the composite roller 310 cooperates with the first pressure roller 211 to roll the film 500 and the base material 600 to composite the film 500 and the base material 600 into the pole piece 700.
  • the first pressure roller 211 serves as a component for rolling the blank 400.
  • one component fulfills two functions, simplifying the structure of the pole piece manufacturing device 10 and reducing the cost of the pole piece manufacturing device 10 .
  • the product of the angular velocity of the composite roller 310 and the radius of the composite roller 310 is also the first linear velocity of the composite roller 310 rolling the film 500 and the substrate 600, the product of the angular velocity of the first pressure roller 211 and the radius of the first pressure roller 211 That is, the first pressing roller 211 rolls the film 500 and the substrate 600 at the second linear speed.
  • the first linear speed greater than the second linear speed, it is beneficial to make the composite pole piece 700 fit to the composite roller 310 and avoid the random transfer of the composite pole piece 700 causing the pole piece 700 to be torn or uneven.
  • the product of the angular speed of the second pressure roller 212 and the radius of the second pressure roller 212 is also the third linear speed of the second pressure roller 212 rolling the blank 400, and the product of the angular speed of the third pressure roller 213 and the radius of the third pressure roller 213.
  • the product is the fourth linear speed at which the third pressing roller 213 rolls the film 500 and the substrate 600 .
  • the blank 400 in this embodiment has self-supporting ability, multiple pressure rollers can be arranged at will to improve space utilization and increase the flexibility of the pressure roller settings.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种极片制造装置及极片制造方法，涉及电池领域。极片制造装置包括挤出机构、膜成型机构及复合机构。挤出机构用于将活性物质浆料挤出成型为毛坯料。膜成型机构设置于挤出机构的下游，膜成型机构用于将毛坯料减薄成型为膜片。复合机构设置于膜成型机构的下游，复合机构用于复合膜片与基材，以形成极片。该极片制造装置通过挤出机构将活性物质浆料挤出成型为毛坯料，使得活性物质浆料中的粉料和颗粒能够被混合均匀。通过膜成型机构将毛坯料成型为膜片，相比于直接将活性物质粉料和颗粒成型为膜片而言，有利于控制成型膜片的厚薄和均匀性。采用该极片制造装置制造极片，活性物质层的均匀性较好，极片性能优异，制造效率较高。

Description

极片制造装置及极片制造方法 技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，具体而言，涉及一种极片制造装置及极片制造方法。
背景技术
电池在新能源领域应用甚广，例如电动汽车、新能源汽车等，新能源汽车、电动汽车已经成为汽车产业的发展新趋势。电池包括电极组件，电极组件是电池中发生电化学反应的部件。电极组件主要由正极极片和负极极片卷绕或层叠而成。
目前，极片的制造主要分为湿法技术和干法技术。但是干法技术制造的极片的性能往往较差。
发明内容
本申请实施例的目的在于提供一种极片制造装置及极片制造方法，其旨在改善相关技术中干法技术制造的极片的性能往往较差的问题。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种极片制造装置，所述极片制造装置包括挤出机构、膜成型机构及复合机构，所述挤出机构用于将活性物质浆料挤出成型为毛坯料；所述膜成型机构设置于所述挤出机构的下游，所述膜成型机构用于将所述毛坯料减薄成型为膜片；所述复合机构设置于所述膜成型机构的下游，所述复合机构用于复合所述膜片与基材，以形成极片。
在上述技术方案中，该极片制造装置通过挤出机构将活性物质浆料挤出成型为毛坯料，使得活性物质浆料中的粉料和颗粒能够被混合均匀。通过膜成型机构将毛坯料成型为膜片，相比于直接将活性物质粉料和颗粒成型为膜片而言，有利于控制成型膜片的厚薄和均匀性。采用该极片制造装置制造极片，活性物质层的均匀性较好，极片性能优异，制造效率较高。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述膜成型机构包括辊压机构，所述辊压机构用于辊压所述毛坯料，以将所述毛坯料减薄成型为膜片。
在上述技术方案中，通过采用辊压机构辊压毛坯料的方式，将毛坯料减薄成型为膜片，效率较高，均匀性较好。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述辊压机构包括多个压辊，相邻的两个所述压辊之间形成供毛坯料通过的辊压间隙。
在上述技术方案中，通过设置多个压辊，多个压辊可将毛坯料逐渐减薄成型为膜片，每次减薄的程度不会太大，有利于提升膜片的均匀性和厚薄一致性。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，多个所述压辊形成多个所述辊压间隙，多个所述辊压间隙的宽度沿所述毛坯料的输送方向逐渐减小。
在上述技术方案中，沿着毛坯料的输送方向，多个辊压间隙的宽度逐渐减小，有利于将毛坯料逐渐减薄，使得每次减薄的程度不会太大，有利于提升膜片的均匀性和厚薄一致性。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，沿所述毛坯料的输送方向，多个所述压辊中位于末端的所述压辊为第一压辊，所述复合机构包括复合辊，所述复合辊与所述第一压辊之间形成供所述膜片和所述基材穿过的复合间隙。
在上述技术方案中，复合辊与第一压辊配合辊压膜片和基材，以将膜片和基材复合成极片，第一压辊既作为辊压毛坯料的部件，也作为复合膜片与基材的部件，一个部件实现了两个作用，简化了极片制造装置的结构，降低了极片制造装置的成本。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述复合辊的角速度为ω 1，所述复合辊的半径为r 1，所述第一压辊的角速度为ω 2，所述第一压辊的半径为r 2，满足：ω 1×r 1＞ω 2×r 2。
在上述技术方案中，复合辊的角速度与复合辊的半径的乘积也即复合辊辊压膜片与基材的第一线速度，第一压辊的角速度与第一压辊的半径的乘积也即第一压辊辊压膜片与基材的第二线速度。通过使第一线速度大于第二线速度，有利于使复合后的极片贴合至复合辊，避免复合后的极片随机转移而造成极片撕裂或者不平整。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，还满足：r 1＝r 2且ω 1＞ω 2。
在上述技术方案中，通过使复合辊的半径与第一压辊的半径相等，复合辊的角速度大于第一压辊的角速度，以使得第一线速度大于第二线速度，从而使复合后的极片贴合至复合辊，避免复合后的极片随机转移而造成极片撕裂或者不平整。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，还满足：ω 1＝ω 2且r 1＞r 2。
在上述技术方案中，通过使复合辊的角速度等于第一压辊的角速度，使复合辊的半径大于第一压辊的半径，以使得第一线速度大于第二线速度，从而使复合后的极片贴合至复合辊，避免复合后的极片随机转移而造成极片撕裂或者不平整。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，还满足：1＜(ω 1×r 1)/(ω 2×r 2)≤1.5。
在上述技术方案中，将第一线速度和第二线速度的比值限定为大于1且小于等于1.5，有利于保证辊压质量的同时，还能够使辊压后的极片较好的转移贴合至复合辊。例如，当(ω 1×r 1)/(ω 2×r 2)＝1时，复合成的极片不能稳定贴合在复合辊上，极片随机在复合辊和第一压辊之间转移，从而可能造成极片撕裂或不平整。当(ω 1×r 1)/(ω 2×r 2)＜1时，极片会向着第一压辊转移，第一压辊上既缠绕有膜片又缠绕有极片，容易导致生产紊乱。而当(ω 1×r 1)/(ω 2×r 2)＞1.5时，复合辊的第一线速度与第一压辊的第二线速度相差过大，导致辊压膜片与基材的效果较差，也即复合质量较差。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述复合辊的角速度为ω 1，所述复合辊的半径为r 1，满足：1m/min≤ω 1×r 1≤100m/min。
在上述技术方案中，将复合辊的第一线速度限制在1～100m/min之间，使得 具有较高辊压效率的同时，保证具有较好的辊压质量。当ω 1×r 1＜1m/min时，虽然具有较好的辊压质量，但是辊压速度太慢，辊压效率较低。而当ω 1×r 1＞100m/min时，虽然具有较高的辊压效率，但是辊压的质量较差。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述复合间隙的宽度比沿所述毛坯料的输送方向位于最末端的所述辊压间隙的宽度大0～60μm。
在上述技术方案中，由于基材的厚度一般为0～60μm，因此，复合间隙的宽度比位于最末端的辊压间隙的宽度大0～60μm。复合间隙的宽度可以等于沿毛坯料的输送方向位于最末端的辊压间隙的宽度，这样，在复合间隙内，膜片与基材可以被压平、压实，保证膜片不会脱离基材。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，沿所述毛坯料的输送方向，相邻的两个所述压辊中靠近首端的所述压辊为第二压辊，靠近末端的所述压辊为第三压辊，所述第二压辊的角速度为ω 3，所述第二压辊的半径为r 3，所述第三压辊的角速度为ω 4，所述第三压辊的半径为r 4，满足：ω 3×r 3＜ω 4×r 4。
在上述技术方案中，第二压辊的角速度与第二压辊的半径的乘积也即第二压辊辊压毛坯料的第三线速度，第三压辊的角速度与第三压辊的半径的乘积也即第三压辊辊压膜片与基材的第四线速度。通过使第四线速度大于第三线速度，有利于使辊压后的毛坯料贴合至第三压辊，避免辊压后的毛坯料随机转移而造成辊压后的毛坯料出现撕裂或者不平整。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，还满足：r 3＝r 4且ω 3＜ω 4。
在上述技术方案中，通过使第二压辊的半径与第三压辊的半径相等，第三压辊的角速度大于第二压辊的角速度，以使得第四线速度大于第三线速度，从而使辊压后的毛坯料贴合至第三压辊，避免辊压后的毛坯料随机转移而造成辊压后的毛坯料出现撕裂或者不平整。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，还满足：ω 3＝ω 4且r 3＜r 4。
在上述技术方案中，通过使第二压辊的角速度等于第三压辊的角速度，使第三压辊的半径大于第二压辊的半径，以使得第四线速度大于第三线速度，从而使辊压后的毛坯料贴合至第三压辊，避免辊压后的毛坯料随机转移而造成辊压后的毛坯料出现撕裂或者不平整。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，还满足：1＜(ω 4×r 4)/(ω 3×r 3)≤1.5。
在上述技术方案中，将第四线速度和第三线速度的比值限定为大于1且小于等于1.5，有利于保证辊压质量的同时，还能够使辊压后的毛坯料较好的转移贴合至第三压辊。例如，当ω 3×r 3＝1时，辊压后的毛坯料不能稳定贴合在第三压辊上，辊压后的毛坯料随机在第二压辊和第三压辊之间转移，从而可能造成辊压后的毛坯料撕裂或不平整。当ω 1×r 1＜1时，辊压后的毛坯料会向着第二压辊转移，容易导致生产紊乱。而当ω 1×r 1＞1.5时，第三压辊的第四线速度与第二压辊的第三线速度相差过大，导致辊压毛坯料的效果较差，使得膜片质量不佳。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述膜成型机构还包括检测单元及 调节机构，所述检测单元用于检测所述压辊辊压所述毛坯料的辊压力；所述调节机构与所述压辊连接，所述调节机构用于根据所述检测单元的检测结果增大或减小施加给所述压辊的压力。
在上述技术方案中，通过设置检测单元检测辊压毛坯料的辊压力，当辊压力较大时，调节机构减小施加给压辊的压力。当辊压力较小时，调节机构增大施加给压辊的压力，以使得辊压力保持在预设范围内。从而使得辊压毛坯料的辊压力较为均匀，有利于提升成型的膜片的质量。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述膜成型机构包括第一挤压件及第二挤压件，所述第二挤压件与所述第一挤压件相对布置，所述第二挤压件与所述第一挤压件用于配合挤压所述毛坯料，以将所述毛坯料减薄成型为所述膜片。
在上述技术方案中，通过第一挤压件和第二挤压件对毛坯料进行挤压，将毛坯料挤压减薄为膜片，挤压效率高，占地面积小。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种极片制造方法，所述极片制造方法包括：将活性物质浆料挤出成型为毛坯料；将所述毛坯料减薄成型为膜片；复合所述膜片与基材，以形成极片。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的极片制造装置的示意框图；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的极片制造装置(两个压辊)的结构示意图；
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的极片制造装置(两个以上压辊)的结构示意图；
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的极片制造装置(复合辊的辊径大于第一压辊的辊径)的结构示意图；
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的极片制造装置(第二压辊的辊径小于第三压辊的辊径)的结构示意图；
图6为本申请另一些实施例提供的极片制造装置的结构示意图；
图7为本申请一些实施例提供的膜成型机构的示意框图；
图8为本申请又一些实施例提供的极片制造装置的结构示意图；
图9为本申请一些实施例提供的极片制造方法的示意框图。
图标：10-极片制造装置；100-挤出机构；200-膜成型机构；210-辊压机构；211-第一压辊；212-第二压辊；213-第三压辊；214-辊压间隙；220-检测单元；230-调节机构；240-第一挤压件；250-第二挤压件；300-复合机构；310-复合辊；320-复合间 隙；400-毛坯料；500-膜片；600-基材；700-极片。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”“纵向”“横向”“长度”“宽度”“厚度”“上”“下”“前”“后”“左”“右”“竖直”“水平”“顶”“底”“内”“外”“顺时针”“逆时针”“轴向”“径向”“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，电池的应用越加广泛。电池不仅被应用于水 力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
电池包括电极组件，电极组件是电池中发生电化学反应的部件。电极组件主要由正极极片和负极极片卷绕或层叠而成。发明人注意到，极片的制造主要分为湿法技术和干法技术。但是干法技术制造的极片的性能往往较差。
发明人进一步研究发现，使用干法技术制造极片时，是将活性物质的粉料和颗粒供给辊的表面，直接将活性物质的粉料和颗粒辊压成膜片。这样成型的膜片，活性物质的粉料和颗粒无法混合均匀，膜片的厚薄也不易保证。采用这样的膜片生产出的极片的活性物质层均匀性较差，导致极片的性能较差。
鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种极片制造装置，极片制造装置包括挤出机构、膜成型机构及复合机构。挤出机构用于将活性物质浆料挤出成型为毛坯料。膜成型机构设置于挤出机构的下游，膜成型机构用于将毛坯料减薄成型为膜片。复合机构设置于膜成型机构的下游，复合机构用于复合膜片与基材，以形成极片。
该极片制造装置通过挤出机构将活性物质浆料挤出成型为毛坯料，使得活性物质浆料中的粉料和颗粒能够被混合均匀。通过膜成型机构将毛坯料成型为膜片，相比于直接将活性物质粉料和颗粒成型为膜片而言，有利于控制成型膜片的厚薄和均匀性。采用该极片制造装置制造极片，活性物质层的均匀性较好，极片性能优异，制造效率较高。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案适用于极片的制造。
请参照图1和图2，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的极片制造装置10的示意框图。图2为本申请一些实施例提供的极片制造装置10(两个压辊)的结构示意图。本申请实施例提供了一种极片制造装置10，极片制造装置10包括挤出机构100、膜成型机构200及复合机构300。挤出机构100用于将活性物质浆料挤出成型为毛坯料400。膜成型机构200设置于挤出机构100的下游，膜成型机构200用于将毛坯料400减薄成型为膜片500。复合机构300设置于膜成型机构200的下游，复合机构300用于复合膜片500与基材600，以形成极片700。
挤出机构100是能够进行挤出成型工艺的机构。利用挤出机构100能够将活性物质浆料挤出成型为毛坯料400，以便于使活性物质混合均匀。挤出机构100包括但不限于柱塞挤出机构、双螺杆挤出机构、单螺杆挤出机构等。
活性物质浆料是指包括溶剂、活性物质粉料和/或活性物质颗粒的混合料。活性物质粉料和/活性物质颗粒能够溶解于溶剂内，从而便于混合均匀。相比于仅包括活性物质粉料和/活性物质颗粒的方案来说，能够混合的更均匀、充分。为了进一步提升膜片500的性能，可以将活性物质粉料和/或活性物质颗粒的占比提高，制成高固含量的活性物质浆料。
毛坯料400是活性物质浆料经挤出成型后的产物。毛坯料400的厚度较厚，具有自支撑能力，不易断裂。毛坯料400的厚度一般为1～10mm。
膜成型机构200是能够将毛坯料400减薄成型为膜片500的机构。由于毛坯 料400的厚度较厚，不能直接与基材600复合，因此，通过膜成型机构200对毛坯料400进行减薄，从而制成膜片500。经过膜成型机构200减薄成型的膜片500，活性物质均匀性更好，厚薄会更加均匀，有利于提升极片700质量。
复合机构300是将膜片500与基材600复合成极片700的机构。从极片700的角度来说，膜片500即是极片700的活性物质层，基材600则是极片700的集流体。正极极片的基材600可以为铝，正极极片的活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片的基材600可以为铜，负极极片的活性物质可以为碳或硅等。
该极片制造装置10通过挤出机构100将活性物质浆料挤出成型为毛坯料400，使得活性物质浆料中的粉料和颗粒能够被混合均匀。通过膜成型机构200将毛坯料400成型为膜片500，相比于直接将活性物质粉料和颗粒成型为膜片500而言，有利于控制成型膜片500的厚薄和均匀性。采用该极片制造装置10制造极片700，活性物质层的均匀性较好，极片700性能优异，制造效率较高。
请参照图2，在一些实施例中，膜成型机构200包括辊压机构210，辊压机构210用于辊压毛坯料400，以将毛坯料400减薄成型为膜片500。
辊压机构210是使材料产生连续塑性变形的机构。辊压机构210对毛坯料400进行辊压时，可以使毛坯料400的厚度减小，在毛坯料400的厚度减小达到设计要求后即可成型为膜片500。
通过采用辊压机构210辊压毛坯料400的方式，将毛坯料400减薄成型为膜片500，效率较高，均匀性较好。
请参照图2和图3，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的极片制造装置10(两个以上压辊)的结构示意图。在一些实施例中，辊压机构210包括多个压辊，相邻的两个压辊之间形成供毛坯料400通过的辊压间隙214。
“多个压辊”是指两个压辊、三个压辊或者三个以上的压辊。请参照图2，在图2中示出了辊压机构210包括两个压辊的情况。请参照图3，图3中示出了辊压机构210包括四个压辊的情况。
“相邻的两个压辊之间形成供毛坯料400通过的辊压间隙214”是指相邻的两个压辊配合辊压毛坯料400，以将毛坯料400的厚度减薄至与辊压间隙214的宽度相等。
通过设置多个压辊，多个压辊可将毛坯料400逐渐减薄成型为膜片500，每次减薄的程度不会太大，有利于提升膜片500的均匀性和厚薄一致性。
在一些实施例中，多个压辊形成多个辊压间隙214，多个辊压间隙214的宽度沿毛坯料400的输送方向逐渐减小。
“多个压辊形成多个辊压间隙214”中多个压辊的个数最多比多个辊压间隙214的个数多1。例如，两个压辊形成一个辊压间隙214。又如，三个压辊形成两个辊压间隙214。四个压辊形成三个辊压间隙214。当然，四个压辊也可以形成两个辊压间隙214。
与相邻的两个压辊的轴线位于同一平面内且垂直于相邻的两个压辊的轴线的 直线为第一直线。第一直线与其中一个压辊的圆周面的交点为第一交点，第一直线与另一个压辊的圆周面的交点为第二交点，辊压间隙214的宽度为第一交点和第二交点之间的距离。辊压间隙214的宽度也可以简单理解为两个压辊的圆周面之间的最小距离。
毛坯料400的输送方向是指毛坯料400依次缠绕于多个压辊的缠绕方向，而不是指挤出机构100挤出毛坯料400时挤出方向。
沿着毛坯料400的输送方向，多个辊压间隙214的宽度逐渐减小，有利于将毛坯料400逐渐减薄，使得每次减薄的程度不会太大，有利于提升膜片500的均匀性和厚薄一致性。
请参照图2和图3，在一些实施例中，沿毛坯料400的输送方向，多个压辊中位于末端的压辊为第一压辊211。复合机构300包括复合辊310，复合辊310与第一压辊211之间形成供膜片500和基材600穿过的复合间隙320。
第一压辊211特指多个压辊中沿着毛坯料400的输送方向位于最末端的一个压辊。请参照图2，图2中辊压机构210包括两个压辊。此时，毛坯料400可以穿过辊压间隙214后可以向任意方向卷绕，因此，两个压辊中的任一个均可以作为第一压辊211。请参照图3，图3中辊压机构210包括四个压辊，从左向右数，毛坯料400依次经过第一个压辊与第二个压辊之间形成的辊压间隙214、第二个压辊与第三个压辊之间形成的辊压间隙214、第三个压辊与第四个压辊之间形成的辊压间隙214，此时，第四个压辊即为多个压辊中位于最末端的压辊，也即第四个压辊为第一压辊211。
复合辊310是用于复合膜片500与基材600的辊子结构。在本实施例中，复合辊310与第一压辊211配合即可复合膜片500与基材600，可以减少复合辊310的个数。当然，在一些实施例中，复合机构300可以包括多个复合辊310，多个复合辊310配合辊压膜片500与基材600，以将膜片500与基材600复合。
复合辊310与第一压辊211配合辊压膜片500和基材600，以将膜片500和基材600复合成极片700，第一压辊211既作为辊压毛坯料400的部件，也作为复合膜片500与基材600的部件，一个部件实现了两个作用，简化了极片制造装置10的结构，降低了极片制造装置10的成本。
请参照图2和图3，在一些实施例中，复合辊310的角速度为ω 1，复合辊310的半径为r 1，第一压辊211的角速度为ω 2，第一压辊211的半径为r 2，满足：ω 1×r 1＞ω 2×r 2。
与第一压辊211和复合辊310的轴线位于同一平面内且垂直于第一压辊211和复合辊310的轴线的直线为第二直线。第二直线与复合辊310的圆周面的交点为第三交点，第二直线与第一压辊211的圆周面的交点为第四交点。复合辊310的角速度为ω 1可以是第三交点在单位时间转过的角度。第一压辊211的角速度ω 2可以是第四交点在单位时间转过的角度。
复合辊310的角速度与复合辊310的半径的乘积也即复合辊310辊压膜片500与基材600的第一线速度v 1(也即是第三交点的线速度v 1)，第一压辊211的角速度与第一压辊211的半径的乘积也即第一压辊211辊压膜片500与基材600的第二线 速度v 2(也即是第四交点的线速度v 2)。
通过使第一线速度大于第二线速度，有利于使复合后的极片700贴合至复合辊310，避免复合后的极片700随机转移而造成极片700撕裂或者不平整。
在一些实施例中，还满足：r 1＝r 2且ω 1＞ω 2。
“r 1＝r 2”是指复合辊310的半径与第一压辊211的半径相等。“ω 1＞ω 2”是指复合辊310的角速度大于第一压辊211的角速度。
通过使复合辊310的半径与第一压辊211的半径相等，复合辊310的角速度大于第一压辊211的角速度，以使得第一线速度大于第二线速度，从而使复合后的极片700贴合至复合辊310，避免复合后的极片700随机转移而造成极片700撕裂或者不平整。
请参照图4，图4为本申请一些实施例提供的极片制造装置10(复合辊310的辊径大于第一压辊211的辊径)的结构示意图。在一些实施例中，还满足：ω 1＝ω 2且r 1＞r 2。
“ω 1＝ω 2”是指复合辊310的角速度等于第一压辊211的角速度。“r 1＞r 2”是指复合辊310的半径大于第一压辊211的半径。
通过使复合辊310的角速度等于第一压辊211的角速度，使复合辊310的半径大于第一压辊211的半径，以使得第一线速度大于第二线速度，从而使复合后的极片700贴合至复合辊310，避免复合后的极片700随机转移而造成极片700撕裂或者不平整。
在一些实施例中，还满足：1＜(ω 1×r 1)/(ω 2×r 2)≤1.5。
由于v 1＝ω 1×r 1，v 2＝ω 2×r 2，因此“1＜(ω 1×r 1)/(ω 2×r 2)≤1.5”也可以理解为1＜v 1/v 2≤1.5。也即是第一线速度和第二线速度的比值大于1且小于等于1.5。
将第一线速度和第二线速度的比值限定为大于1且小于等于1.5，有利于保证辊压质量的同时，还能够使辊压后的极片700较好的转移贴合至复合辊310。例如，当(ω 1×r 1)/(ω 2×r 2)＝1时，复合成的极片700不能稳定贴合在复合辊310上，极片700随机在复合辊310和第一压辊211之间转移，从而可能造成极片700撕裂或不平整。当(ω 1×r 1)/(ω 2×r 2)＜1时，极片700会向着第一压辊211转移，第一压辊211上既缠绕有膜片500又缠绕有极片700，容易导致生产紊乱。而当(ω 1×r 1)/(ω 2×r 2)＞1.5时，复合辊310的第一线速度与第一压辊211的第二线速度相差过大，导致辊压膜片500与基材600的效果较差，也即复合质量较差。
在一些实施例中，复合辊310的角速度为ω 1，复合辊310的半径为r 1，满足：1m/min≤ω 1×r 1≤100m/min。
“1m/min≤ω 1×r 1≤100m/min”也即1m/min≤v 1≤100m/min，换言之，复合辊310的第一线速度为1～100m/min。例如，ω 1×r 1可以为1m/min、10m/min、20m/min、30m/min、40m/min、50m/min、60m/min、70m/min、80m/min、90m/min、100m/min等。
将复合辊310的第一线速度限制在1～100m/min之间，使得具有较高辊压效 率的同时，保证具有较好的辊压质量。当ω 1×r 1＜1m/min时，虽然具有较好的辊压质量，但是辊压速度太慢，辊压效率较低。而当ω 1×r 1＞100m/min时，虽然具有较高的辊压效率，但是辊压的质量较差。
在一些实施例中，第一压辊211的角速度为ω 2，第一压辊211的半径为r 2，满足：1m/min≤ω 2×r 2≤100m/min。
“1m/min≤ω 2×r 2≤100m/min”也即1m/min≤v 2≤100m/min，换言之，第一压辊211的第二线速度为1～100m/min。例如，ω 2×r 2可以为1m/min、10m/min、20m/min、30m/min、40m/min、50m/min、60m/min、70m/min、80m/min、90m/min、100m/min等。
将第一压辊211的第二线速度限制在1～100m/min之间，使得具有较高辊压效率的同时，保证具有较好的辊压质量。当ω 2×r 2＜1m/min时，虽然具有较好的辊压质量，但是辊压速度太慢，辊压效率较低。而当ω 2×r 2＞100m/min时，虽然具有较高的辊压效率，但是辊压的质量较差。
在一些实施例中，复合间隙320的宽度比沿毛坯料400的输送方向位于最末端的辊压间隙214的宽度大0～60μm。
复合间隙320的宽度是指第三交点与第四交点之间的距离。
“沿毛坯料400的输送方向位于最末端的辊压间隙214的宽度”也即是第一压辊211与与其相邻的压辊所形成的辊压间隙214的宽度。在多个辊压间隙214的宽度沿毛坯料400的输送方向逐渐减小的实施例中，沿毛坯料400的输送方向位于最末端的辊压间隙214的宽度是指多个辊压间隙214中宽度最小的那个辊压间隙214的宽度。
由于基材600的厚度一般为0～60μm，因此，复合间隙320的宽度比位于最末端的辊压间隙214的宽度大0～60μm。复合间隙320的宽度可以等于沿毛坯料400的输送方向位于最末端的辊压间隙214的宽度，这样，在复合间隙320内，膜片500与基材600可以被压平、压实，保证膜片500不会脱离基材600。
在一些实施例中，沿毛坯料400的输送方向，相邻的两个压辊中靠近首端的压辊为第二压辊212，靠近末端的压辊为第三压辊213。第二压辊212的角速度为ω 3，第二压辊212的半径为r 3。第三压辊213的角速度为ω 4，第三压辊213的半径为r 4，满足：ω 3×r 3＜ω 4×r 4。
第二压辊212是相邻的两个压辊中沿着毛坯料400的输送方向靠近首端的压辊。第三压辊213是相邻的两个压辊中沿着毛坯料400的输送方向靠近末端的压辊。这里，第二压辊212和第三压辊213并不是特指哪一个压辊。例如，请参照图2，从左向右数，第二压辊212为第一个压辊，第三压辊213为第二个压辊。同时，由于第二个压辊为沿毛坯料400的输送方向，多个压辊中位于末端的压辊，因此，第二个压辊也是第一压辊211。请参照图3，从左向右数，以第一个压辊和第二个压辊为相邻的两个压辊为例，则第一个压辊为第二压辊212，第二个压辊为第三压辊213。若以第二个压辊和第三个压辊为相邻的两个压辊为例，则第二个压辊为第二压辊212，第三个压辊为第三压辊213。若以第三个压辊和第四个压辊为相邻的两个压辊为例，则第三个压辊 为第二压辊212，第四个压辊为第三压辊213。同时，由于第四个压辊为沿毛坯料400的输送方向，多个压辊中位于末端的压辊，因此，第四个压辊也是第一压辊211。
与第二压辊212和第三压辊213的轴线位于同一平面内且垂直于第二压辊212和第三压辊213的轴线的直线为第三直线。第三直线与第二压辊212的圆周面的交点为第五交点，第三直线与第三压辊213的圆周面的交点为第六交点。
ω 3×r 3是第二压辊212的角速度与第二压辊212的半径的乘积，也即第二压辊212辊压毛坯料400的第三线速度v 3(也即是第五交点的线速度v 3)，ω 4×r 4是第三压辊213的角速度与第三压辊213的半径的乘积也即第三压辊213辊压毛坯料400的第四线速度v 4(也即是第六交点的线速度v 4)。
第二压辊212的角速度与第二压辊212的半径的乘积也即第二压辊212辊压毛坯料400的第三线速度，第三压辊213的角速度与第三压辊213的半径的乘积也即第三压辊213辊压膜片500与基材600的第四线速度。通过使第四线速度大于第三线速度，有利于使辊压后的毛坯料400贴合至第三压辊213，避免辊压后的毛坯料400随机转移而造成辊压后的毛坯料400出现撕裂或者不平整。
在一些实施例中，还满足：r 3＝r 4且ω 3＜ω 4。
“r 3＝r 4”是指第二压辊212的半径与第三压辊213的半径相等。“ω 4＞ω 3”是指第三压辊213的角速度大于第二压辊212的角速度。
通过使第二压辊212的半径与第三压辊213的半径相等，第三压辊213的角速度大于第二压辊212的角速度，以使得第四线速度大于第三线速度，从而使辊压后的毛坯料400贴合至第三压辊213，避免辊压后的毛坯料400随机转移而造成辊压后的毛坯料400出现撕裂或者不平整。
请参照图5，图5为本申请一些实施例提供的极片制造装置10(第二压辊212的辊径小于第三压辊213的辊径)的结构示意图。在一些实施例中，还满足：ω 3＝ω 4且r 3＜r 4。
“ω 3＝ω 4”是指第二压辊212的角速度等于第三压辊213的角速度。“r 4＞r 3”是指第三压辊213的半径大于第二压辊212的半径。
通过使第二压辊212的角速度等于第三压辊213的角速度，使第三压辊213的半径大于第二压辊212的半径，以使得第四线速度大于第三线速度，从而使辊压后的毛坯料400贴合至第三压辊213，避免辊压后的毛坯料400随机转移而造成辊压后的毛坯料400出现撕裂或者不平整。
在一些实施例中，还满足：1＜(ω 4×r 4)/(ω 3×r 3)≤1.5。
由于v 3＝ω 3×r 3，v 4＝ω 4×r 4，因此“1＜(ω 4×r 4)/(ω 3×r 3)≤1.5”也可以理解为1＜v 4/v 3≤1.5。也即是第四线速度和第三线速度的比值大于1且小于等于1.5。
将第四线速度和第三线速度的比值限定为大于1且小于等于1.5，有利于保证辊压质量的同时，还能够使辊压后的毛坯料400较好的转移贴合至第三压辊213。例如，当(ω 4×r 4)/(ω 3×r 3)＝1时，辊压后的毛坯料400不能稳定贴合在第三压辊213上，辊压后的毛坯料400随机在第二压辊212和第三压辊213之间转移，从而可能 造成辊压后的毛坯料400撕裂或不平整。当(ω 4×r 4)/(ω 3×r 3)＜1时，辊压后的毛坯料400会向着第二压辊212转移，容易导致生产紊乱。而当(ω 4×r 4)/(ω 3×r 3)＞1.5时，第三压辊213的第四线速度与第二压辊212的第三线速度相差过大，导致辊压毛坯料400的效果较差，使得膜片500质量不佳。
请参照图6，在一些实施例中，第二压辊212的角速度为ω 3，第二压辊212的半径为r 3，满足：1m/min≤ω 3×r 3≤100m/min。
“1m/min≤ω 3×r 3≤100m/min”也即1m/min≤v 3≤100m/min，换言之，第二压辊212的第一线速度为1～100m/min。例如，ω 3×r 3可以为1m/min、10m/min、20m/min、30m/min、40m/min、50m/min、60m/min、70m/min、80m/min、90m/min、100m/min等。
将第二压辊212的第三线速度限制在1～100m/min之间，使得具有较高辊压效率的同时，保证具有较好的辊压质量。当ω 3×r 3＜1m/min时，虽然具有较好的辊压质量，但是辊压速度太慢，辊压效率较低。而当ω 3×r 3＞100m/min时，虽然具有较高的辊压效率，但是辊压的质量较差。
在一些实施例中，辊压间隙214的宽度为10～500μm，能够较好地将毛坯料400辊压为膜片500。
在一些实施例中，多个压辊在空间内沿着水平方向排布，以在毛坯料400进入第一个辊压间隙214时，对毛坯料400进行支撑。
请参照图6，图6为本申请另一些实施例提供的极片制造装置10的结构示意图。在另一些实施例中，多个压辊在空间内沿着竖直方向排布。由于毛坯料400具有自支撑能力，因此，即使多个压辊在空间内沿着竖直方向排布，毛坯料400也不会掉落。而现有技术中，由于是直接将活性物质粉料和/或活性物质颗粒供给辊面，因此，必须将多个压辊沿着水平方向布置，使得压辊能够支撑住活性物质粉料和/或活性物质颗粒。
当然，由于本实施例中毛坯料400具有自支撑能力，多个压辊可以随意排布，以提高空间利用率，增加压辊设置的灵活性。
请参照图7，图7为本申请一些实施例提供的膜成型机构200的示意框图。在一些实施例中，膜成型机构200还包括检测单元220及调节机构230，检测单元220用于检测压辊辊压毛坯料400的辊压力。调节机构230与压辊连接，调节机构230用于根据检测单元220的检测结果增大或减小施加给压辊的压力。
检测单元220是用于检测第一交点、第二交点、第五交点或第六交点所受压力的部件。检测单元220可以是压力传感器或压电传感器。调节机构230是与压辊连接的，能够改变压辊所受压力的机构。例如，调节机构230可以为液压加压机构、气压加压机构、电动加压机构等。
通过设置检测单元220检测辊压毛坯料400的辊压力，当辊压力较大时，调节机构230减小施加给压辊的压力。当辊压力较小时，调节机构230增大施加给压辊的压力，以使得辊压力保持在预设范围内。从而使得辊压毛坯料400的辊压力较为均匀，有利于提升成型的膜片500的质量。
在一些实施例中，预设范围为0.1～50T，辊压力在这个范围内辊压毛坯料400的效果较好。
请参照图8，图8为本申请又一些实施例提供的极片制造装置10的结构示意图。在又一些实施例中，膜成型机构200包括第一挤压件240及第二挤压件250，第二挤压件250与第一挤压件240相对布置。第二挤压件250与第一挤压件240用于配合挤压毛坯料400，以将毛坯料400减薄成型为膜片500。
第一挤压件240和第二挤压件250能够配合挤压毛坯料400，以减小毛坯料400的厚度，使得毛坯料400成型为膜片500。第一挤压件240可以为压盘，第二挤压件250可以为支撑台。工作时，挤出机构100将一定量的毛坯料400挤出至第一挤压件240和第二挤压件250之间，之后暂停挤出。第一挤压件240向第二挤压件250靠拢，以将毛坯料400挤压减薄，使得毛坯料400成型为膜片500。之后由复合机构300将膜片500与基材600复合为极片700。挤出机构100继续挤出，如此往复，即可持续生产极片700。
通过第一挤压件240和第二挤压件250对毛坯料400进行挤压，将毛坯料400挤压减薄为膜片500，挤压效率高，占地面积小。
请参照图9，图9为本申请一些实施例提供的极片700制造方法的示意框图。本申请实施例还提供了一种极片700制造方法，极片700制造方法包括：
步骤S1：将活性物质浆料挤出成型为毛坯料400；
步骤S2：将毛坯料400减薄成型为膜片500；
步骤S3：复合膜片500与基材600，以形成极片700。
通过先将活性物质浆料挤出成型为毛坯料400，使得活性物质浆料中的粉料和颗粒能够被混合均匀。通过将毛坯料400成型为膜片500，相比于直接将活性物质粉料和颗粒成型为膜片500而言，有利于控制成型膜片500的厚薄和均匀性。采用该极片700制造方法制造极片700，活性物质层的均匀性较好，极片700性能优异，制造效率较高。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参照图2～图5。
本申请实施例提供了一种极片制造装置10，极片制造装置10包括挤出机构100、膜成型机构200及复合机构300。挤出机构100用于将活性物质浆料挤出成型为毛坯料400。膜成型机构200设置于挤出机构100的下游，膜成型机构200用于将毛坯料400减薄成型为膜片500。复合机构300设置于膜成型机构200的下游，复合机构300用于复合膜片500与基材600，以形成极片700。
膜成型机构200包括辊压机构210，辊压机构210用于辊压毛坯料400，以将毛坯料400减薄成型为膜片500。辊压机构210包括多个压辊，相邻的两个压辊之间形成供毛坯料400通过的辊压间隙214。沿毛坯料400的输送方向，多个压辊中位于末端的压辊为第一压辊211，复合机构300包括复合辊310，复合辊310与第一压辊211之间形成供膜片500和基材600穿过的复合间隙320。
复合辊310的角速度为ω 1，复合辊310的半径为r 1，第一压辊211的角速度为ω 2，第一压辊211的半径为r 2，满足：ω 1×r 1＞ω 2×r 2。
沿毛坯料400的输送方向，相邻的两个压辊中靠近首端的压辊为第二压辊212，靠近末端的压辊为第三压辊213，第二压辊212的角速度为ω 3，第二压辊212的半径为r 3，第三压辊213的角速度为ω 4，第三压辊213的半径为r 4，满足：ω 3×r 3＜ω 4×r 4。
该极片制造装置10通过挤出机构100将活性物质浆料挤出成型为毛坯料400，使得活性物质浆料中的粉料和颗粒能够被混合均匀。通过膜成型机构200将毛坯料400成型为膜片500，相比于直接将活性物质粉料和颗粒成型为膜片500而言，有利于控制成型膜片500的厚薄和均匀性。采用该极片制造装置10制造极片700，活性物质层的均匀性较好，极片700性能优异，制造效率较高。
通过采用辊压机构210辊压毛坯料400的方式，将毛坯料400减薄成型为膜片500，效率较高，均匀性较好。通过设置多个压辊，多个压辊可将毛坯料400逐渐减薄成型为膜片500，每次减薄的程度不会太大，有利于提升膜片500的均匀性和厚薄一致性。
复合辊310与第一压辊211配合辊压膜片500和基材600，以将膜片500和基材600复合成极片700，第一压辊211既作为辊压毛坯料400的部件，也作为复合膜片500与基材600的部件，一个部件实现了两个作用，简化了极片制造装置10的结构，降低了极片制造装置10的成本。
复合辊310的角速度与复合辊310的半径的乘积也即复合辊310辊压膜片500与基材600的第一线速度，第一压辊211的角速度与第一压辊211的半径的乘积也即第一压辊211辊压膜片500与基材600的第二线速度。通过使第一线速度大于第二线速度，有利于使复合后的极片700贴合至复合辊310，避免复合后的极片700随机转移而造成极片700撕裂或者不平整。
第二压辊212的角速度与第二压辊212的半径的乘积也即第二压辊212辊压毛坯料400的第三线速度，第三压辊213的角速度与第三压辊213的半径的乘积也即第三压辊213辊压膜片500与基材600的第四线速度。通过使第四线速度大于第三线速度，有利于使辊压后的毛坯料400贴合至第三压辊213，避免辊压后的毛坯料400随机转移而造成辊压后的毛坯料400出现撕裂或者不平整。
由于本实施例中毛坯料400具有自支撑能力，多个压辊可以随意排布，以提高空间利用率，增加压辊设置的灵活性。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种极片制造装置，其中，包括：
    挤出机构，用于将活性物质浆料挤出成型为毛坯料；
    膜成型机构，设置于所述挤出机构的下游，所述膜成型机构用于将所述毛坯料减薄成型为膜片；
    复合机构，设置于所述膜成型机构的下游，所述复合机构用于复合所述膜片与基材，以形成极片。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述极片制造装置，其中，所述膜成型机构包括辊压机构，所述辊压机构用于辊压所述毛坯料，以将所述毛坯料减薄成型为膜片。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述极片制造装置，其中，所述辊压机构包括多个压辊，相邻的两个所述压辊之间形成供毛坯料通过的辊压间隙。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述极片制造装置，其中，多个所述压辊形成多个所述辊压间隙，多个所述辊压间隙的宽度沿所述毛坯料的输送方向逐渐减小。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述极片制造装置，其中，沿所述毛坯料的输送方向，多个所述压辊中位于末端的所述压辊为第一压辊，所述复合机构包括复合辊，所述复合辊与所述第一压辊之间形成供所述膜片和所述基材穿过的复合间隙。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述极片制造装置，其中，所述复合辊的角速度为ω 1，所述复合辊的半径为r 1，所述第一压辊的角速度为ω 2，所述第一压辊的半径为r 2，满足：ω 1×r 1＞ω 2×r 2。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述极片制造装置，其中，还满足：r 1＝r 2且ω 1＞ω 2。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述极片制造装置，其中，还满足：ω 1＝ω 2且r 1＞r 2。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述极片制造装置，其中，还满足：1＜(ω 1×r 1)/(ω 2×r 2)≤1.5。
  10. 根据权利要求5或6所述极片制造装置，其中，所述复合辊的角速度为ω 1，所述复合辊的半径为r 1，满足：1m/min≤ω 1×r 1≤100m/min。
  11. 根据权利要求5所述极片制造装置，其中，所述复合间隙的宽度比沿所述毛坯料的输送方向位于最末端的所述辊压间隙的宽度大0～60μm。
  12. 根据权利要求3所述极片制造装置，其中，沿所述毛坯料的输送方向，相邻的两个所述压辊中靠近首端的所述压辊为第二压辊，靠近末端的所述压辊为第三压辊，所述第二压辊的角速度为ω 3，所述第二压辊的半径为r 3，所述第三压辊的角速度为ω 4，所述第三压辊的半径为r 4，满足：ω 3×r 3＜ω 4×r 4。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述极片制造装置，其中，还满足：r 3＝r 4且ω 3＜ω 4。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述极片制造装置，其中，还满足：ω 3＝ω 4且r 3＜r 4。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述极片制造装置，其中，还满足：1＜(ω 4×r 4)/(ω 3×r 3)≤1.5。
  16. 根据权利要求3所述极片制造装置，其中，所述膜成型机构还包括：
    检测单元，用于检测所述压辊辊压所述毛坯料的辊压力；
    调节机构，与所述压辊连接，所述调节机构用于根据所述检测单元的检测结果增大或减小施加给所述压辊的压力。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述极片制造装置，其中，所述膜成型机构包括：
    第一挤压件；
    第二挤压件，与所述第一挤压件相对布置，所述第二挤压件与所述第一挤压件用于配合挤压所述毛坯料，以将所述毛坯料减薄成型为所述膜片。
  18. 一种极片制造方法，其中，包括：
    将活性物质浆料挤出成型为毛坯料；
    将所述毛坯料减薄成型为膜片；
    复合所述膜片与基材，以形成极片。
PCT/CN2022/106721 2022-07-20 2022-07-20 极片制造装置及极片制造方法 WO2024016207A1 (zh)

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