WO2024012182A1 - Procédé d'utilisation d'incinérateur segmenté vertical pour éliminer des déchets solides combustibles complexes - Google Patents

Procédé d'utilisation d'incinérateur segmenté vertical pour éliminer des déchets solides combustibles complexes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024012182A1
WO2024012182A1 PCT/CN2023/102206 CN2023102206W WO2024012182A1 WO 2024012182 A1 WO2024012182 A1 WO 2024012182A1 CN 2023102206 W CN2023102206 W CN 2023102206W WO 2024012182 A1 WO2024012182 A1 WO 2024012182A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solid waste
incinerator
stepped
inlet
material bed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/102206
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张超
王国民
姚秀丽
邓玉华
郑现明
王彬
王强
陶瑛
孙学成
郑旺
Original Assignee
中材建设有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 中材建设有限公司 filed Critical 中材建设有限公司
Publication of WO2024012182A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024012182A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/002—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor characterised by their grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F23G5/165—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber arranged at a different level
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for disposing complex combustible solid waste using a vertical segmented incinerator, and belongs to the technical field of solid waste calcination.
  • Incinerators are generally used for co-processing solid waste in cement kilns.
  • the solid waste objects they process are relatively single, with a narrow particle size range and low ignition intensity.
  • the core reason is that the solid waste is static or moving as a whole in the furnace, the mixing degree of the solid waste is low, and the contact area with the oxygen-containing gas is small.
  • CN108317864A is a cement kiln deep waste heat recovery collaborative waste incineration system, which includes a kiln head waste heat recovery system, a rotary kiln waste heat recovery system, a bypass ventilation system and a waste incineration system.
  • the kiln head waste heat recovery system includes a grate cooler and a first dust collector.
  • Waste incineration system Including incinerator, primary air duct and primary air air preheater, secondary air duct and secondary air air preheater.
  • CN114216336A A cement raw meal decomposition system using alternative fuels, including a cement raw meal decomposition reactor and a rotary drum reactor installed on the cement raw meal decomposition reactor; the rotary drum reactor is separately connected with the cement raw meal The decomposition reactor on the decomposition reactor is connected to the tertiary air duct; the rotary drum reactor includes a rotating mechanism that is rotationally connected to the decomposition reactor, both of which have the above problems.
  • the present invention provides a method for disposing complex combustible solid waste using a vertical segmented incinerator to solve the problems of strong applicability, good solid waste mixing degree, large oxygen-containing gas contact area, The problem of high flammability.
  • a method for disposing of complex combustible solid waste using a vertical segmented incinerator has three or more segments and is arranged in a three-dimensional staggered stacked manner to achieve the retention and combustion of solid waste in the furnace.
  • the bottom of the vertical segmented furnace is connected to the decomposition furnace through the flue gas and ash outlet;
  • the vertical segmented incinerator is composed of an upper section incinerator, at least one middle section incinerator and a lower section incinerator;
  • the upper section incinerator The furnace includes a main solid waste inlet, a large-size solid waste inlet, a tertiary air inlet, a raw material inlet, a stepped material bed and an inflatable unit; the raw material inlet and the large-sized solid waste inlet are set next to the tertiary air inlet, and the main solid waste inlet is
  • the waste inlet is set on the outer wall of the upper section incinerator and is located at the top of the stepped material bed;
  • the middle section incinerator also includes a stepped material bed and an aeration unit;
  • the lower section incinerator includes a stepped material bed, an aeration unit, and flue gas and ash outlets
  • Step 1 Feed the main solid waste and large-size solid waste from the main solid waste inlet and the large-size solid waste inlet to the upper part of the stepped bed of the upper incinerator;
  • Step 2 Introduce the tertiary air from the tertiary air inlet at the top of the upper incinerator, heat the main solid waste and large-sized solid waste to ignite, and provide combustion oxygen for the main solid waste and large-sized solid waste;
  • Step 3 Feed the raw meal from the raw meal inlet to the upper part of the stepped bed of the upper section incinerator. Since the vertical segmented incinerator is equipped with a temperature sensor in the furnace, the raw meal feeding amount can be controlled according to changes in the furnace temperature;
  • Step 4 Control the high-pressure air ejection device to intermittently inject high-pressure air.
  • the main solid waste and large-size solid waste move forward under the high-pressure air intermittently ejected by the high-pressure air ejection device until they pass through the upper incinerator stage.
  • the exit end of the ladder material bed falls to the next level of the ladder material bed;
  • the main solid waste for the main solid waste, it fully contacts the oxygen-containing flue gas during the falling process, which accelerates the combustion of the main solid waste.
  • the position of the main solid waste is reset, and different combustion
  • the progress of the main solid waste mixing creates conditions for the complete combustion of the main solid waste;
  • Step 5 The stepped material bed of the middle section incinerator accepts all solid waste from the stepped material bed of the upper section incinerator.
  • the stepped material bed of the middle section incinerator is also equipped with a high-pressure air ejection device. All solid waste is blown downwards under the intermittent injection of high-pressure air. Move forward until all the solid waste falls from the exit end of the stepped bed of the middle incinerator to the next level; during this process, the combustibles in all the solid waste are continuously burned, and all the solid waste mixes with the oxygen-containing hot flue gas during the falling process. Full contact accelerates combustion; and when all solid waste falls to the next level of the stepped material bed, the positions of all solid waste are reset, and all solid wastes at different combustion rates are mixed, creating conditions for full combustion of all solid waste;
  • Step 6 The upper part of the lower incinerator accepts all solid waste from the stepped material bed of the middle incinerator.
  • the stepped material bed is also equipped with a high-pressure air ejection device. All solid waste moves forward under the intermittent injection of high-pressure air until all solid waste The waste falls from the outlet end of the stepped bed of the lower incinerator into the decomposition furnace through the flue gas and ash outlets. During this process, all combustibles in the solid waste are fully burned and enter the decomposition furnace in the form of ash and flue gas.
  • inspection doors and ash removal holes are provided on the sides of the upper section incinerator, at least one middle section incinerator and one lower section incinerator.
  • the raw material inlet is a circular inlet
  • the large-size solid waste inlet is a rectangular inlet.
  • main solid waste inlet can be single or multiple according to the width of the vertical segmented incinerator.
  • the middle section incinerator is provided with a multi-stage stepped material bed, and the multi-stage stepped material beds are arranged in a staggered manner relative to each other.
  • the high-pressure air ejection device controls the solid waste flow rate through the amount of air source injection and the injection frequency to control the residence time of the solid waste.
  • the present invention adopts a vertical segmented staggered stacking design, so that the equipment occupies a small area and is convenient for arrangement in the preheater; using a vertical segmented staggered stacking design, when the solid waste falls from the upper section to the next section, the solid waste Falling in a dispersed state, it fully contacts the oxygen in the flue gas to accelerate heat transfer and combustion; using a vertical segmented staggered stacking design, when the solid waste falls to the next step of the stepped material bed, the solid waste is fully mixed to improve uneven combustion.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic front view of the vertical segmented incinerator of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a top schematic diagram of Figure 1.
  • This embodiment is a method for disposing of complex combustible solid waste using a vertical segmented incinerator.
  • the vertical segmented incinerator has more than or equal to 3 segments and is arranged in a three-dimensional staggered stacked manner to achieve the retention of solid waste in the furnace. and combustion, the bottom of the vertical segmented furnace is connected to the decomposition furnace 10 through the flue gas and ash outlets.
  • the vertical sectional incinerator consists of an upper section incinerator 7, at least one middle section incinerator 8 and a lower section incinerator 9.
  • the upper section incinerator 7 includes a main solid waste inlet 1, a large-size solid waste inlet 4, a tertiary air inlet 2, a raw material inlet 3, a stepped material bed 5 and an aeration unit 6.
  • the raw material inlet 3 and the large-size solid waste inlet 4 are arranged next to the tertiary air inlet 2.
  • the main solid waste inlet 1 is arranged on the outer wall of the upper incinerator 7 and is located at the top of the stepped material bed 5.
  • the raw material inlet 3 is a circular inlet, there are two, and they are arranged on both sides of the tertiary air inlet 2 front and back, and the large-size solid waste inlet 4 is a rectangular inlet.
  • the middle section incinerator 8 also includes a stepped material bed 5 and an aeration unit 6 .
  • the lower section incinerator 9 includes a stepped material bed 5 , an aeration unit 6 and a flue gas and ash outlet, where the flue gas and ash outlet are directly connected to the bottom side wall of the decomposition furnace 10 .
  • the stepped material beds 5 in the upper section incinerator 7, the middle section incinerator 8 and the lower section incinerator 9 are all composed of an inflatable unit 6.
  • a high-pressure air ejection device connected to the inflatable unit 6 is provided on the stepped material bed 5 for The solid waste is blown forward and falls onto the next step of the stepped material bed 5 or the next step of the incinerator stepped material bed 5 .
  • the high-pressure air injection device controls the flow rate of solid waste through the amount of air source injection and injection frequency to control the residence time of solid waste.
  • inspection doors and ash removal holes are provided on the sides of the upper section incinerator 7, at least one middle section incinerator 8, and one lower section incinerator 9, which are not shown in the figure.
  • Step 1 Feed the main solid waste and large-size solid waste from the main solid waste inlet 1 and the large-size solid waste inlet 4 into the upper part of the stepped material bed 5 of the upper section incinerator 7.
  • Step 2 Introduce the tertiary air from the tertiary air inlet 2 at the top of the upper section incinerator 7, heat the main solid waste and large-size solid waste to ignite, and provide combustion oxygen for the main solid waste and large-size solid waste.
  • Step 3 Feed the raw meal from the raw meal inlet 3 into the upper part of the stepped material bed 5 of the upper section incinerator 7. Since the temperature sensor is installed in the furnace of the vertical segmented incinerator, the raw meal can be controlled according to the changes in the furnace temperature. Feeding volume.
  • Step 4 Control the high-pressure air ejection device to intermittently inject high-pressure air.
  • the main solid waste and large-size solid waste move forward under the high-pressure air intermittently ejected by the high-pressure air ejection device until they are discharged from the 7-step material bed of the upper incinerator. 5.
  • the outlet end falls to the next level of the stepped material bed 5.
  • the main solid waste for the main solid waste, it fully contacts the oxygen-containing flue gas during the falling process, which accelerates the combustion of the main solid waste.
  • the main solid waste falls to the next step material bed 5, the position of the main solid waste is reset.
  • Different The combustion progress mainly mixes the solid waste and creates conditions for the complete combustion of the main solid waste.
  • Step 5 The stepped material bed 5 of the middle section incinerator 8 accepts all solid waste from the stepped material bed 5 of the upper section incinerator 7.
  • the stepped material bed 5 of the middle section incinerator 8 is also equipped with a high-pressure air ejection device. All solid waste is ejected under high pressure It moves forward under the intermittent injection of air until all the solid waste falls from the outlet end of the step bed 5 of the middle incinerator to the next level. During this process, the combustibles in all solid waste are continuously burned. During the falling process, all solid waste fully contacts the oxygen-containing hot flue gas to accelerate combustion. And when all the solid waste falls to the next level of the stepped material bed 5, the positions of all the solid waste are reset, and all the solid waste is mixed with different combustion progress, creating conditions for the full combustion of all the solid waste.
  • Step 6 The upper part of the lower incinerator 9 accepts all solid waste from the stepped material bed 5 of the middle incinerator 8. Its stepped material bed 5 is also equipped with a high-pressure air ejection device. All solid waste moves forward under the intermittent injection of high-pressure air. , until all the solid waste falls from the outlet end of the step bed 5 of the lower incinerator 9 through the flue gas and ash outlets into the decomposition furnace 10. During this process, the combustibles in all the solid waste are fully burned to ash, slag and flue gas. The form enters the decomposition furnace 10.
  • Embodiment 2 the middle section incinerator 8 is provided with 2-stage stepped material beds 5, and 2-stage stepped material beds 5
  • the beds 5 are relatively staggered, not shown in the figure.
  • Other structures and methods are the same as in Embodiment 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention appartient au domaine technique de la calcination de déchets solides, et concerne un procédé d'utilisation d'un incinérateur segmenté vertical pour éliminer des déchets solides combustibles complexes. L'incinérateur segmenté vertical a trois segments ou plus, qui sont agencés dans un mode d'empilement en quinconce tridimensionnel afin de réaliser la rétention et la combustion de déchets solides dans l'incinérateur ; le fond de l'incinérateur segmenté vertical est relié à un four de décomposition au moyen d'une sortie de gaz de combustion et de cendres ; et l'incinérateur segmenté vertical est composé d'un segment d'incinérateur supérieur, d'au moins un segment d'incinérateur intermédiaire et d'un segment d'incinérateur inférieur. La présente invention peut réaliser efficacement une bonne applicabilité, un degré élevé de mélange de déchets solides, une grande zone de contact de gaz contenant de l'oxygène, et un degré élevé de combustion.
PCT/CN2023/102206 2022-08-25 2023-06-25 Procédé d'utilisation d'incinérateur segmenté vertical pour éliminer des déchets solides combustibles complexes WO2024012182A1 (fr)

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CN202211027697.2A CN115325544A (zh) 2022-08-25 2022-08-25 一种采用立式分段焚烧炉处置复杂可燃固废的方法
CN202211027697.2 2022-08-25

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CN115307155A (zh) * 2022-08-27 2022-11-08 中材建设有限公司 一种立式两段焚烧炉及其处置复杂可燃固废的方法

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CN110566971A (zh) * 2019-10-11 2019-12-13 成都铭炬环保工程技术有限公司 一种用于水泥窑协同处置多种废弃物的装置及方法
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FR3139184A1 (fr) 2024-03-01
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