WO2024012182A1

WO2024012182A1 - Method for using vertical segmented incinerator to dispose of complex combustible solid waste

Info

Publication number: WO2024012182A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/102206
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张超; 王国民; 姚秀丽; 邓玉华; 郑现明; 王彬; 王强; 陶瑛; 孙学成; 郑旺
Original assignee: 中材建设有限公司
Priority date: 2022-08-25
Filing date: 2023-06-25
Publication date: 2024-01-18
Also published as: ZA202308015B; FR3139184A1; CN115325544A

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste calcination, and relates to a method for using a vertical segmented incinerator to dispose of complex combustible solid waste. The vertical segmented incinerator has three or more segments, which are arranged in a three-dimensional staggered stacking mode in order to realize the retention and combustion of solid waste in the incinerator; the bottom of the vertical segmented incinerator is connected to a decomposition furnace by means of a flue gas and ash outlet; and the vertical segmented incinerator is composed of an upper incinerator segment, at least one middle incinerator segment and a lower incinerator segment. The present invention can effectively realize good applicability, a high solid-waste mixing degree, a large oxygen-containing gas contact area, and a high degree of burnout.

Description

A method of disposing of complex combustible solid waste using vertical segmented incinerators

Technical field

The invention relates to a method for disposing complex combustible solid waste using a vertical segmented incinerator, and belongs to the technical field of solid waste calcination.

Background technique

Incinerators are generally used for co-processing solid waste in cement kilns. The solid waste objects they process are relatively single, with a narrow particle size range and low ignition intensity. The core reason is that the solid waste is static or moving as a whole in the furnace, the mixing degree of the solid waste is low, and the contact area with the oxygen-containing gas is small. For example, CN108317864A is a cement kiln deep waste heat recovery collaborative waste incineration system, which includes a kiln head waste heat recovery system, a rotary kiln waste heat recovery system, a bypass ventilation system and a waste incineration system. The kiln head waste heat recovery system includes a grate cooler and a first dust collector. device, waste heat boiler, second dust removal device, draft device and connecting pipes. The rotary kiln waste heat recovery system includes an air supply device, air heating device and connecting pipes. The bypass ventilation system includes a third dust removal device and connecting pipes. Waste incineration system Including incinerator, primary air duct and primary air air preheater, secondary air duct and secondary air air preheater. Another example: CN114216336A A cement raw meal decomposition system using alternative fuels, including a cement raw meal decomposition reactor and a rotary drum reactor installed on the cement raw meal decomposition reactor; the rotary drum reactor is separately connected with the cement raw meal The decomposition reactor on the decomposition reactor is connected to the tertiary air duct; the rotary drum reactor includes a rotating mechanism that is rotationally connected to the decomposition reactor, both of which have the above problems.

In this context, we need a solution with strong applicability, good solid waste mixing, large contact area with oxygen-containing gas, and high ignition degree.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for disposing complex combustible solid waste using a vertical segmented incinerator to solve the problems of strong applicability, good solid waste mixing degree, large oxygen-containing gas contact area, The problem of high flammability.

In order to achieve this technical purpose, the present invention adopts the following solutions:

A method for disposing of complex combustible solid waste using a vertical segmented incinerator. The vertical segmented incinerator has three or more segments and is arranged in a three-dimensional staggered stacked manner to achieve the retention and combustion of solid waste in the furnace. The bottom of the vertical segmented furnace is connected to the decomposition furnace through the flue gas and ash outlet; the vertical segmented incinerator is composed of an upper section incinerator, at least one middle section incinerator and a lower section incinerator; the upper section incinerator The furnace includes a main solid waste inlet, a large-size solid waste inlet, a tertiary air inlet, a raw material inlet, a stepped material bed and an inflatable unit; the raw material inlet and the large-sized solid waste inlet are set next to the tertiary air inlet, and the main solid waste inlet is The waste inlet is set on the outer wall of the upper section incinerator and is located at the top of the stepped material bed; the middle section incinerator also includes a stepped material bed and an aeration unit; the lower section incinerator includes a stepped material bed, an aeration unit, and flue gas and ash outlets , where the flue gas and ash outlets are directly connected to the bottom side wall of the decomposition furnace; wherein, the stepped material beds in the upper section incinerator, the middle section incinerator and the lower section incinerator are all composed of inflatable units, and the stepped material beds are provided with all The high-pressure air ejection device connected to the aeration unit is used to blow the solid waste forward and make it fall to the next step of the stepped material bed or the next step of the incinerator stepped material bed;

The specific methods for disposing of complex combustible solid waste are as follows:

Step 1: Feed the main solid waste and large-size solid waste from the main solid waste inlet and the large-size solid waste inlet to the upper part of the stepped bed of the upper incinerator;

Step 2: Introduce the tertiary air from the tertiary air inlet at the top of the upper incinerator, heat the main solid waste and large-sized solid waste to ignite, and provide combustion oxygen for the main solid waste and large-sized solid waste;

Step 3: Feed the raw meal from the raw meal inlet to the upper part of the stepped bed of the upper section incinerator. Since the vertical segmented incinerator is equipped with a temperature sensor in the furnace, the raw meal feeding amount can be controlled according to changes in the furnace temperature;

Step 4: Control the high-pressure air ejection device to intermittently inject high-pressure air. The main solid waste and large-size solid waste move forward under the high-pressure air intermittently ejected by the high-pressure air ejection device until they pass through the upper incinerator stage. The exit end of the ladder material bed falls to the next level of the ladder material bed;

Among them, for the main solid waste, it fully contacts the oxygen-containing flue gas during the falling process, which accelerates the combustion of the main solid waste. When the main solid waste falls to the next step material bed, the position of the main solid waste is reset, and different combustion The progress of the main solid waste mixing creates conditions for the complete combustion of the main solid waste;

For large-size solid waste, after losing weight through combustion, it moves forward under the intermittent injection of high-pressure air until it falls from the outlet end of the stepped material bed of the upper incinerator to the lower level of the stepped material bed;

Step 5: The stepped material bed of the middle section incinerator accepts all solid waste from the stepped material bed of the upper section incinerator. The stepped material bed of the middle section incinerator is also equipped with a high-pressure air ejection device. All solid waste is blown downwards under the intermittent injection of high-pressure air. Move forward until all the solid waste falls from the exit end of the stepped bed of the middle incinerator to the next level; during this process, the combustibles in all the solid waste are continuously burned, and all the solid waste mixes with the oxygen-containing hot flue gas during the falling process. Full contact accelerates combustion; and when all solid waste falls to the next level of the stepped material bed, the positions of all solid waste are reset, and all solid wastes at different combustion rates are mixed, creating conditions for full combustion of all solid waste;

Step 6: The upper part of the lower incinerator accepts all solid waste from the stepped material bed of the middle incinerator. The stepped material bed is also equipped with a high-pressure air ejection device. All solid waste moves forward under the intermittent injection of high-pressure air until all solid waste The waste falls from the outlet end of the stepped bed of the lower incinerator into the decomposition furnace through the flue gas and ash outlets. During this process, all combustibles in the solid waste are fully burned and enter the decomposition furnace in the form of ash and flue gas.

Furthermore, inspection doors and ash removal holes are provided on the sides of the upper section incinerator, at least one middle section incinerator and one lower section incinerator.

Further, there are two raw material inlets, and they are arranged on both sides of the tertiary air inlet front and back.

Further, the raw material inlet is a circular inlet, and the large-size solid waste inlet is a rectangular inlet.

Further, the main solid waste inlet can be single or multiple according to the width of the vertical segmented incinerator.

Further, the middle section incinerator is provided with a multi-stage stepped material bed, and the multi-stage stepped material beds are arranged in a staggered manner relative to each other.

Furthermore, the high-pressure air ejection device controls the solid waste flow rate through the amount of air source injection and the injection frequency to control the residence time of the solid waste.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The present invention adopts a vertical segmented staggered stacking design, so that the equipment occupies a small area and is convenient for arrangement in the preheater; using a vertical segmented staggered stacking design, when the solid waste falls from the upper section to the next section, the solid waste Falling in a dispersed state, it fully contacts the oxygen in the flue gas to accelerate heat transfer and combustion; using a vertical segmented staggered stacking design, when the solid waste falls to the next step of the stepped material bed, the solid waste is fully mixed to improve uneven combustion. , accelerates the burning of materials; adopts modular design, and realizes serialization of specifications by adjusting the number of modules in the middle section; there are no rotating parts in the vertical furnace, and each step of the stepped material bed is equipped with a high-pressure air source, and the amount and amount of injection are injected through the air source The frequency controls the flow rate of solid waste to control the residence time of solid waste; the top of the vertical furnace is equipped with a separate large-size solid waste feed inlet, allowing the furnace to adapt to a wider range of solid waste particle sizes.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below through the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a schematic front view of the vertical segmented incinerator of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a top schematic diagram of Figure 1.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Figures 1-2.

Example 1

This embodiment is a method for disposing of complex combustible solid waste using a vertical segmented incinerator. The vertical segmented incinerator has more than or equal to 3 segments and is arranged in a three-dimensional staggered stacked manner to achieve the retention of solid waste in the furnace. and combustion, the bottom of the vertical segmented furnace is connected to the decomposition furnace 10 through the flue gas and ash outlets. The vertical sectional incinerator consists of an upper section incinerator 7, at least one middle section incinerator 8 and a lower section incinerator 9. The upper section incinerator 7 includes a main solid waste inlet 1, a large-size solid waste inlet 4, a tertiary air inlet 2, a raw material inlet 3, a stepped material bed 5 and an aeration unit 6. The raw material inlet 3 and the large-size solid waste inlet 4 are arranged next to the tertiary air inlet 2. The main solid waste inlet 1 is arranged on the outer wall of the upper incinerator 7 and is located at the top of the stepped material bed 5. In this embodiment, the raw material inlet 3 is a circular inlet, there are two, and they are arranged on both sides of the tertiary air inlet 2 front and back, and the large-size solid waste inlet 4 is a rectangular inlet. There are two main solid waste inlets 1 arranged in parallel.

The middle section incinerator 8 also includes a stepped material bed 5 and an aeration unit 6 . The lower section incinerator 9 includes a stepped material bed 5 , an aeration unit 6 and a flue gas and ash outlet, where the flue gas and ash outlet are directly connected to the bottom side wall of the decomposition furnace 10 . Among them, the stepped material beds 5 in the upper section incinerator 7, the middle section incinerator 8 and the lower section incinerator 9 are all composed of an inflatable unit 6. A high-pressure air ejection device connected to the inflatable unit 6 is provided on the stepped material bed 5 for The solid waste is blown forward and falls onto the next step of the stepped material bed 5 or the next step of the incinerator stepped material bed 5 . The high-pressure air injection device controls the flow rate of solid waste through the amount of air source injection and injection frequency to control the residence time of solid waste. In addition, inspection doors and ash removal holes are provided on the sides of the upper section incinerator 7, at least one middle section incinerator 8, and one lower section incinerator 9, which are not shown in the figure.

Step 1: Feed the main solid waste and large-size solid waste from the main solid waste inlet 1 and the large-size solid waste inlet 4 into the upper part of the stepped material bed 5 of the upper section incinerator 7.

Step 2: Introduce the tertiary air from the tertiary air inlet 2 at the top of the upper section incinerator 7, heat the main solid waste and large-size solid waste to ignite, and provide combustion oxygen for the main solid waste and large-size solid waste.

Step 3: Feed the raw meal from the raw meal inlet 3 into the upper part of the stepped material bed 5 of the upper section incinerator 7. Since the temperature sensor is installed in the furnace of the vertical segmented incinerator, the raw meal can be controlled according to the changes in the furnace temperature. Feeding volume.

Step 4: Control the high-pressure air ejection device to intermittently inject high-pressure air. The main solid waste and large-size solid waste move forward under the high-pressure air intermittently ejected by the high-pressure air ejection device until they are discharged from the 7-step material bed of the upper incinerator. 5. The outlet end falls to the next level of the stepped material bed 5.

Among them, for the main solid waste, it fully contacts the oxygen-containing flue gas during the falling process, which accelerates the combustion of the main solid waste. When the main solid waste falls to the next step material bed 5, the position of the main solid waste is reset. Different The combustion progress mainly mixes the solid waste and creates conditions for the complete combustion of the main solid waste.

For large-size solid waste, after losing weight through combustion, it moves forward under the intermittent injection of high-pressure air until it falls from the outlet end of the stepped material bed 5 of the upper incinerator 7 to the lower level of the stepped material bed 5.

Step 5: The stepped material bed 5 of the middle section incinerator 8 accepts all solid waste from the stepped material bed 5 of the upper section incinerator 7. The stepped material bed 5 of the middle section incinerator 8 is also equipped with a high-pressure air ejection device. All solid waste is ejected under high pressure It moves forward under the intermittent injection of air until all the solid waste falls from the outlet end of the step bed 5 of the middle incinerator to the next level. During this process, the combustibles in all solid waste are continuously burned. During the falling process, all solid waste fully contacts the oxygen-containing hot flue gas to accelerate combustion. And when all the solid waste falls to the next level of the stepped material bed 5, the positions of all the solid waste are reset, and all the solid waste is mixed with different combustion progress, creating conditions for the full combustion of all the solid waste.

Step 6: The upper part of the lower incinerator 9 accepts all solid waste from the stepped material bed 5 of the middle incinerator 8. Its stepped material bed 5 is also equipped with a high-pressure air ejection device. All solid waste moves forward under the intermittent injection of high-pressure air. , until all the solid waste falls from the outlet end of the step bed 5 of the lower incinerator 9 through the flue gas and ash outlets into the decomposition furnace 10. During this process, the combustibles in all the solid waste are fully burned to ash, slag and flue gas. The form enters the decomposition furnace 10.

Embodiment 2. In this embodiment, the middle section incinerator 8 is provided with 2-stage stepped material beds 5, and 2-stage stepped material beds 5 The beds 5 are relatively staggered, not shown in the figure. Other structures and methods are the same as in Embodiment 1.

In summary, although the embodiments of the present invention have been described, it can be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are illustrative and cannot be construed as limitations of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art will not deviate from the principles and purposes of the present invention. Changes, modifications, substitutions and modifications may be made to the above embodiments as the case may be.

Claims

A method for disposing of complex combustible solid waste using a vertical segmented incinerator. The vertical segmented incinerator has three or more segments and is arranged in a three-dimensional staggered stacked manner to achieve the retention and combustion of solid waste in the furnace. The bottom of the vertical segmented furnace is connected to the decomposition furnace (10) through the flue gas and ash outlet; the vertical segmented incinerator consists of an upper section incinerator (7), at least one middle section incinerator (8) and a The lower section incinerator (9) is composed of; the upper section incinerator (7) includes a main solid waste inlet (1), a large-size solid waste inlet (4), a tertiary air inlet (2), a raw material inlet (3), and a ladder material Bed (5) and inflatable unit (6); the raw material inlet (3) and large-size solid waste inlet (4) are set next to the tertiary air inlet (2), and the main solid waste inlet (1) is set in the upper section The outer wall of the incinerator (7) is located on the top of the stepped material bed (5); the middle section incinerator (8) also includes a stepped material bed (5) and an aeration unit (6); the lower section incinerator (9) includes The stepped material bed (5), the aeration unit (6) and the flue gas and ash outlet are directly connected to the bottom side wall of the decomposition furnace (10); among them, the upper section incinerator (7), the middle section incinerator The stepped material bed (5) in the furnace (8) and the lower incinerator (9) is composed of an inflatable unit (6), and the stepped material bed (5) is provided with a high-pressure inflator connected to the inflatable unit (6). The air blowing device is used to blow the solid waste forward and make it fall to the next step of the stepped material bed (5) or the next step of the incinerator stepped material bed (5);

It is characterized in that the specific method for disposing of complex combustible solid waste is as follows:

Step 1: Feed the main solid waste and large-size solid waste from the main solid waste inlet (1) and the large-size solid waste inlet (4) into the upper part of the stepped bed (5) of the upper incinerator (7);

Step 2: Introduce the tertiary air from the tertiary air inlet (2) at the top of the upper section incinerator (7), heat the main solid waste and large-sized solid waste to ignite, and provide combustion oxygen for the main solid waste and large-sized solid waste;

Step 3: Feed the raw meal from the raw meal inlet (3) to the upper part of the stepped material bed (5) of the upper section incinerator (7). Since the vertical segmented incinerator is equipped with a temperature sensor in the furnace, it can adjust the temperature according to the changes in the furnace temperature. Control the amount of raw material fed;

Step 4: Control the high-pressure air ejection device to intermittently inject high-pressure air. The main solid waste and large-size solid waste move forward under the high-pressure air intermittently injected by the high-pressure air ejection device until they are stepped from the upper incinerator (7) The outlet end of the material bed (5) falls to the next level of the stepped material bed (5);

Among them, for the main solid waste, it fully contacts the oxygen-containing flue gas during the falling process, which accelerates the combustion of the main solid waste. When the main solid waste falls into the next step material bed (5), the position of the main solid waste is reset. , the main solid waste is mixed with different combustion progress to create conditions for the complete combustion of the main solid waste;

For large-size solid waste, after losing weight through combustion, it moves forward under the intermittent injection of high-pressure air until it falls from the outlet end of the stepped bed (5) of the upper incinerator (7) to the stepped bed (5). )next level;

Step 5: The stepped bed (5) of the middle incinerator (8) accepts all solid waste from the stepped bed (5) of the upper incinerator (7). The stepped bed (5) of the middle incinerator (8) is also equipped with There is a high-pressure air ejection device, and all the solid waste moves forward under the intermittent injection of high-pressure air until all the solid waste falls from the outlet end of the stepped bed (5) of the middle incinerator (8) to the next level; in this process All the combustibles in the solid waste are continuously burned, and all the solid waste fully contacts the oxygen-containing hot flue gas during the falling process to accelerate combustion; and when all the solid waste falls to the next level of the stepped material bed (5), all the solid waste The position is reset and all solid wastes are mixed at different combustion rates to create conditions for full combustion of all solid wastes;

Step 6: The upper part of the lower incinerator (9) accepts all solid waste from the stepped material bed (5) of the middle incinerator (8). Its stepped material bed (5) is also equipped with a high-pressure air ejection device. All solid waste is ejected under high pressure It moves forward under the intermittent injection of air until all the solid waste falls from the outlet end of the stepped material bed (5) of the lower incinerator (9) through the flue gas and ash outlet into the decomposition furnace (10). During this process, all solid waste The combustibles in the solid waste are fully burned and enter the decomposition furnace (10) in the form of ash and flue gas.
A method for disposing of complex combustible solid waste using a vertical segmented incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper section incinerator (7), at least one middle section incinerator (8) and one lower section incinerator The sides of (9) are equipped with inspection doors and dust removal holes.
A method for disposing of complex combustible solid waste using a vertical segmented incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: there are two raw meal inlets (3), and they are arranged at the tertiary air inlet (2) one after the other. both sides.
A method for disposing complex combustible solid waste using a vertical segmented incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the raw material inlet (3) is a circular inlet, and the large-size solid waste inlet (4) For rectangular import.
A method for disposing complex combustible solid waste using a vertical segmented incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main solid waste inlet (1) is single or multiple according to the width of the vertical segmented incinerator. .
A method for disposing complex combustible solid waste using a vertical segmented incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the middle section incinerator (8) is provided with a multi-stage stepped material bed (5), and the multi-stage stepped material bed (5) Relative staggered settings.
A method for disposing of complex combustible solid waste using a vertical segmented incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that the high-pressure air injection device controls the solid waste flow rate through the air source injection amount and injection frequency to achieve Control of solid waste residence time.