CN211146453U - Coal-fired chain furnace - Google Patents
Coal-fired chain furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN211146453U CN211146453U CN201922101346.1U CN201922101346U CN211146453U CN 211146453 U CN211146453 U CN 211146453U CN 201922101346 U CN201922101346 U CN 201922101346U CN 211146453 U CN211146453 U CN 211146453U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a coal-fired chain grate furnace, including furnace and the chain grate of locating the furnace lower part, the furnace front end is equipped with precombustion vertical furnace on the chain grate, precombustion vertical furnace upper portion is equipped with into coal mouth and coal gas outlet, the lower part is equipped with out the coal mouth, it sets up the coal scuttle on the coal mouth to advance, coal gas outlet and furnace intercommunication, it communicates with the chain grate to go out the coal mouth, precombustion vertical furnace inner wall is equipped with the plenum, be equipped with the ignition mouth on the furnace front end front arch, the coal scuttle lower part is fixed with the poking roller, be equipped with the flashboard between the inner wall of poking roller and coal scuttle, the flashboard is connected with flashboard elevating system, poking roller below is equipped with the guide board, still include air inlet system, air inlet system includes air-blower and bellows, air-blower and bellows intercommunication, bellows pass through. The coal-fired chain furnace has the advantages of uniform coal particle distribution, uniform particle size distribution, uniform air distribution, adjustable air quantity, complete coal combustion, high combustion efficiency and high utilization rate on the width of the grate.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of boiler equipment, especially, relate to a coal-fired chain grate furnace.
Background
The chain grate combustion is the most widely used combustion technology in industrial coal-fired boilers and industrial kilns, and has the advantages of simple system, reliable operation, low power consumption, much smaller flying ash content than that of pulverized coal, coal water slurry and circulating fluidized bed, low flue gas purification cost, easy ash disposal and the like, so that the chain grate combustion is the main coal-fired industrial boiler used in various countries in the world. The existing chain grate usually comprises a hearth and a chain grate arranged below the hearth, coal is driven by the chain grate to continuously move in the hearth and burn at the same time, and the chain grate has the defects of short burning time of coal entering the furnace, incomplete coal burning and low efficiency. Because the air required by combustion is supplied by the air inlet below the chain grate, on one hand, the air distribution is unreasonable, and on the other hand, the coal is stacked when falling from the feed inlet onto the chain grate, so that the air distribution can only be supplied to the coal below, the coal above cannot be contacted with the air supplied by the air supply port, and because the size of the coal is not uniform, the gaps among the coal particles are small when the coal particles with smaller particles fall to the lower layer, so that the air is not easy to pass through, and the coal with larger particles above cannot be contacted with the air. The chain furnace has low coal-burning efficiency and low coal utilization rate due to various reasons, and causes energy waste.
Disclosure of Invention
The to-be-solved problem of the utility model is to provide a coal-fired chain furnace, the cloth wind is even, and the amount of wind is adjustable, and the grate width is gone up the coal grain and is distributed evenly, and particle size distribution is even, and the coal burning is complete, and combustion efficiency is high, and the high-usage.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a technical scheme is: the utility model provides a coal-fired chain grate furnace, including furnace and the chain grate of locating the furnace lower part, the front end of furnace is equipped with precombustion vertical furnace on the chain grate, precombustion vertical furnace upper portion is equipped with into coal mouth and coal gas outlet, the lower part is equipped with out the coal mouth, be provided with the coal scuttle on advancing the coal mouth, the coal gas outlet communicates with furnace, the coal outlet communicates with the chain grate, the inner wall of precombustion vertical furnace is equipped with the plenum of taking the wind gap, be equipped with the ignition mouth on the front arch of furnace's front end, the lower part of coal scuttle is fixed with through the support dials the coal roller, dial and be equipped with the flashboard between the inner wall of coal scuttle and the coal scuttle, the flashboard is connected with flashboard elevating system, the below of dialling the coal roller is equipped with the guide board, still include air inlet system, air inlet system includes air-blower and bellows, the air-blower communicates with.
In the technical scheme, preferably, in the coal hopper, a coal equalizing mechanism is further arranged above the coal poking roller and comprises a plurality of spiral augers arranged in parallel.
In the technical scheme, the fly ash recombustion device is preferably further included, the fly ash recombustion device comprises a high-temperature separator and an ash bin, an air outlet of the hearth is communicated with the high-temperature separator, the bottom of the high-temperature separator is communicated with the ash bin, and an outlet of the ash bin is communicated with the hearth.
In the technical scheme, preferably, the chain grate comprises an air bin, a grate surface, a plurality of air inlet hoppers, an air mixing chamber and air inlets, wherein the grate surface is arranged above the air bin, the air bin is communicated with the air mixing chamber, the air inlets are arranged on two sides of the air mixing chamber, the air inlets are communicated with the air box, the plurality of air inlet hoppers are arranged below the grate surface in the air bin side by side, and air adjusting doors are arranged between the adjacent air inlet hoppers.
In the technical scheme, preferably, a first air distribution plate is further arranged above the plurality of air inlet hoppers in the air bin.
In the technical scheme, preferably, a second air distribution plate is further arranged at the communication position of the air bin and the air mixing chamber.
The utility model has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the pre-combustion vertical furnace is arranged, so that the entering coal is combusted in advance, the completeness of coal combustion is improved, the generated coal gas can be further combusted, and the utilization rate of the coal is improved;
2. the arrangement of the coal stirring roller and the gate plate ensures that the coal falling from the coal hopper has uniform particle size, less particle stacking, more sufficient contact between the coal particles and air and more complete combustion;
3. the air inlet system introduces secondary air to the upper part and the rear part of the hearth, so that coal particles on the upper part and the rear part of the chain grate are more sufficiently contacted with air, and the loss of incomplete combustion is reduced;
4. the fly ash back-burning system is arranged, so that the discharge amount of solid particles in coal-fired discharge is reduced, and the utilization rate of coal-fired is improved;
5. the chain grate has even air supply and adjustable air quantity, and can further improve the thoroughness of coal combustion and improve the combustion efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coal-fired chain grate furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a screw auger in a coal-fired chain furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a traveling grate in a coal-fired chain furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. hearth 2, chain grate 3 and pre-combustion vertical furnace
4. Coal inlet 5, coal gas outlet 6 and coal outlet
7. Coal hopper 8, air chamber 9 and front arch
10. A fire hole 11, a coal poking roller 12 and a flashboard
13. Shutter lifting mechanism 14, guide plate 15, and blower
16. Air box 17, air guide pipe 18 and air guide pipe
19. Coal homogenizing mechanism 20, screw auger 21 and high-temperature separator
22. Ash bin 23, air bin 24 and grate surface
25. Air inlet hopper 26, air mixing chamber 27 and air inlet
28. Air adjusting door 29, air distribution plate 30 and air distribution plate
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the coal-fired chain grate furnace according to the embodiment includes a furnace chamber 1 and a chain grate 2 disposed at a lower portion of the furnace chamber 1, a pre-combustion vertical furnace 3 is disposed at a front end of the furnace chamber 1 on the chain grate 2, a coal inlet 4 and a coal gas outlet 5 are disposed at an upper portion of the pre-combustion vertical furnace 3, a coal outlet 6 is disposed at a lower portion of the pre-combustion vertical furnace 3, a coal hopper 7 is disposed on the coal inlet 4, the coal gas outlet 5 is communicated with the furnace chamber 1, the coal outlet 6 is communicated with the chain grate 2, an air chamber 8 with an air outlet is disposed on an inner wall of the pre-combustion vertical furnace 3, a fire guide 10 is disposed on a front arch 9 at a front end of the furnace chamber 1, a coal poking roller 11 is fixed at a lower portion of the coal hopper 7 through a bracket, a gate 12 is disposed between the coal poking roller 11 and an inner wall of the coal hopper 7, the gate 12 is connected, the blower 15 is communicated with an air box 16 through an air duct, the air box 16 is communicated with the upper part of the hearth 1 through an air guide pipe 17, and the air box 16 is communicated with a rear arch at the rear end of the hearth 1 through an air guide pipe 18.
When the coal pre-combustion vertical furnace works, the gate plate 12 is driven by the gate plate lifting mechanism 13 to move up and down to adjust the size of a gap between the gate plate 12 and the coal stirring roller 11, coal enters from the coal hopper 7, and can pass through the gap between the coal stirring roller 11 and the gate plate 12 by stirring of the rotating coal stirring roller 11, the coal with a certain particle size can enter the pre-combustion vertical furnace 3 from the coal inlet 4, the particle size distribution of the falling coal is controlled to be uniform, the coal entering the pre-combustion vertical furnace 3 is combusted in advance, simultaneously, coal gas is generated, the pre-combusted coal falls onto the chain grate 2 from the coal outlet 6, air introduced below the chain grate 2 is ignited, the air moves forwards along with the chain grate 2 and is combusted, meanwhile, the coal gas enters the furnace 1 from the coal gas outlet 5, flame introduced through the ignition port 10 in the furnace 1 is ignited and is continuously combusted, the arrangement of the pre-combustion vertical furnace 3 enables the entering coal to be combusted in advance, and the completeness of the, the generated coal gas can be further combusted, so that the utilization rate of the fire coal is improved; the coal stirring roller 11 and the gate 12 are arranged, so that the coal falling from the coal hopper 7 has uniform particle size, the problem that the coal with small particle size falls to the bottom, the coal with large particle size is stacked above the coal with small particle size, the gap between the coal with small particle size is small, and the air introduced below the chain grate 2 cannot reach the coal with large particle size on the upper part, so that the coal on the upper part cannot be fully combusted, the combustion efficiency of the coal is greatly improved, and the utilization rate of the coal is improved; the air inlet system is arranged to introduce air generated by the blower 15 into the upper part of the hearth 1 and the rear part of the hearth 1, so that secondary air is introduced, coal particles positioned on the upper part of the chain grate 2 and coal particles positioned at the rear part of the hearth 1 are contacted with sufficient air, the loss of incomplete combustion is reduced, and the utilization rate of coal is further improved.
In the technical scheme, preferably, a coal uniformizing mechanism 19 is further arranged above the coal stirring roller 11 in the coal hopper 7, as shown in fig. 2, the coal uniformizing mechanism 19 comprises a plurality of spiral stirrers 20 which are arranged in parallel, after coal particles enter the coal hopper 7, the spiral stirrers 20 rotate, and the contacted coal is transversely displaced by the threads on the spiral stirrers, so that the coal particles are uniformly spread along the width direction of the chain grate 2, thereby playing a role of uniformizing the coal, after the transversely spread coal particles fall onto the chain grate 2, the number of layers of the coal particles which are longitudinally overlapped is reduced, the coal particles are more fully contacted with the air entering below the grate, the combustion is more thorough, and the utilization rate of the coal is higher.
In the technical scheme, preferably, the fly ash recombustion device is further included, the fly ash recombustion device comprises a high-temperature separator 21 and an ash bin 22, an air outlet of the hearth 1 is communicated with the high-temperature separator 21, the bottom of the high-temperature separator 21 is communicated with the ash bin 22, an outlet of the ash bin 22 is communicated with the hearth 1, combusted gas discharged from the air outlet of the hearth 1 enters the high-temperature separator 21 to be separated, separated solid particles enter the ash bin 22, the gas is discharged through a discharge system, the solid particles enter the ash bin 22 and then are sent to the hearth 1 to be recombusted in the hearth 1, and the combusted fly ash is sent back to be recombusted.
In the technical solution, preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the chain grate 2 includes an air bin 23, a grate surface 24, a plurality of air intake hoppers 25, an air mixing chamber 26 and air inlets 27, the grate surface 24 is disposed above the air bin 23, the air bin 23 is communicated with the air mixing chamber 26, the air inlets 27 are disposed on two sides of the air mixing chamber 26, the air inlets 27 are communicated with the air box 16, the plurality of air intake hoppers 25 are arranged below the grate surface 24 in the air bin 23 side by side, and an air adjusting door 28 is disposed between adjacent air intake hoppers 25. In the prior art, most of the chain grate 2 enters air through two sides of the grate, the air inlet on the two sides is not uniform in convection and disturbance, the combustion effect is affected, the air mixing chamber 26 below the chain grate 2 is arranged, air enters the air mixing chamber 26 from the air inlets 27 on the two sides to be mixed, the disturbance generated by convection is reduced, then the air uniformly enters the air bin 23, the air supply of the air bin 23 generates a Rong pressurization effect, the unevenness of the transverse air supply of the grate is reduced, then the air is gushed out through the air adjusting door 28 between the air inlet hoppers 25 to provide air for coal above the chain grate, and the size of the air adjusting door 28 is adjustable, so that the air blowing amount can be controlled. The device has the advantages of uniform air supply, adjustable air quantity, more complete coal combustion and higher efficiency.
Preferably, an air distribution plate 29 is further arranged above a plurality of air inlet hoppers 25 in the air bin 23, an air distribution plate 30 is also arranged at the communication part of the air bin 23 and the air mixing chamber 26, and the air distribution plates 29 and 30 can further improve the dynamic pressure of the gas gushed from the air inlet hoppers 25 and the gas entering the air bin 23 from the air mixing chamber 26, so that the air distribution uniformity is improved, the air supply of the chain grate 2 is more uniform, and the combustion efficiency is higher.
The coal-fired chain grate furnace of this embodiment: the pre-combustion vertical furnace is arranged, so that the entering coal is combusted in advance, the completeness of coal combustion is improved, the generated coal gas can be further combusted, and the utilization rate of the coal is improved; the arrangement of the coal stirring roller and the gate plate ensures that the coal falling from the coal hopper has uniform particle size, less particle stacking, more sufficient contact between the coal particles and air and more complete combustion; the air inlet system introduces secondary air to the upper part and the rear part of the hearth, so that coal particles on the upper part and the rear part of the chain grate are more sufficiently contacted with air, and the loss of incomplete combustion is reduced; the fly ash back-burning system is arranged, so that the discharge amount of solid particles in coal-fired discharge is reduced, and the utilization rate of coal-fired is improved; the chain grate has even air supply and adjustable air quantity, and can further improve the thoroughness of coal combustion and improve the combustion efficiency.
While one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. All the equivalent changes and improvements made according to the application scope of the present invention should still fall within the patent coverage of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A coal-fired chain grate furnace is characterized in that: the device comprises a hearth and a traveling grate arranged at the lower part of the hearth, wherein a pre-combustion vertical furnace is arranged at the front end of the hearth on the traveling grate, a coal inlet and a coal gas outlet are formed in the upper part of the pre-combustion vertical furnace, a coal outlet is formed in the lower part of the pre-combustion vertical furnace, a coal hopper is arranged on the coal inlet, the coal gas outlet is communicated with the hearth, the coal outlet is communicated with the traveling grate, an air chamber with an air outlet is formed in the inner wall of the pre-combustion vertical furnace, a fire leading port is formed in a front arch at the front end of the hearth, a coal stirring roller is fixed at the lower part of the coal hopper through a support, a flashboard is arranged between the coal stirring roller and the inner wall of the coal hopper and is connected with a flashboard lifting mechanism, a guide plate is arranged below the coal stirring roller, an air inlet system is further included, the air inlet system comprises an air blower and an air box, the air blower, and the air box is communicated with a rear arch at the rear end of the hearth through a second induced draft tube.
2. The coal fired stoker of claim 1, wherein: in the coal scuttle, the top of dialling the coal roller still is equipped with coal equalizing mechanism, coal equalizing mechanism includes a plurality of parallel arrangement's spiral screw feeder.
3. The coal fired stoker of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the fly ash recombustion device comprises a high-temperature separator and an ash bin, an air outlet of the hearth is communicated with the high-temperature separator, the bottom of the high-temperature separator is communicated with the ash bin, and an outlet of the ash bin is communicated with the hearth.
4. The coal fired stoker of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the chain grate comprises an air bin, a grate surface, a plurality of air inlet hoppers, an air mixing chamber and air inlets, wherein the grate surface is arranged above the air bin, the air bin is communicated with the air mixing chamber, the air inlets are arranged on two sides of the air mixing chamber, the air inlets are communicated with the air bin, the air inlet hoppers are arranged in the air bin below the grate surface side by side, and an air adjusting door is arranged between the adjacent air inlet hoppers.
5. The coal fired stoker of claim 4, wherein: and a first air distribution plate is also arranged above the plurality of air inlet hoppers in the air bin.
6. The coal fired stoker of claim 4, wherein: and a second air distribution plate is arranged at the communication part of the air bin and the air mixing chamber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922101346.1U CN211146453U (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2019-11-29 | Coal-fired chain furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922101346.1U CN211146453U (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2019-11-29 | Coal-fired chain furnace |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN211146453U true CN211146453U (en) | 2020-07-31 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922101346.1U Active CN211146453U (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2019-11-29 | Coal-fired chain furnace |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN211146453U (en) |
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2019
- 2019-11-29 CN CN201922101346.1U patent/CN211146453U/en active Active
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