Tertiary air low nitrogen burning arrangement
Technical field
The utility model relates to the middle bunker formula pulverized coal carried by hot air pulverized coal preparation system in a kind of thermal power generation field, the tertiary air low nitrogen burning arrangement of a kind of specifically burner hearth internal upper part reburning zone.
Background technology
China has issued relevant criterion and rules; The severeer thermal power plant that requires takes measures to control the NOx discharging; In order in combustion process, to reduce the discharging of furnace outlet NOx; Based on fuel classification and air classification are theoretical, and fuel staging is that whole furnace combustion zone is divided into primary zone, reburning zone and burning-out zone, and air classification is the combustion system that is divided into furnace combustion zone primary zone and burning-out zone.With reference to Fig. 2, the nozzle of bunker formula pulverized coal carried by hot air pulverized coal preparation system in the middle of the active service coal fired thermal power plant adopts, its tertiary air nozzle (one deck or two-layer) is the top area of centralized arrangement in the primary zone; The throwing of coal pulverizer stops to make the fluctuation of concentration scope of NOx in the furnace outlet flue gas bigger, and furnace outlet gas temperature is unusual, and unburned carbon in flue dust increases; Analyze its reason; Mainly be: keeping going under the constant prerequisite of stove total air, the air capacity (the tertiary air rate is the air share of shunting) of the input meeting master combustion zone, splitter section its underpart of tertiary air is though help the generation of the oxygen debt burning inhibition of coal dust NOx in the primary zone, bottom; But along with the input of tertiary air particularly in a stove two mill operations; Because 15%~22% tertiary air rate drops into the primary zone top area, cause the secondary wind air quantity in zone, middle and lower part, primary zone to reduce, the coal dust air capacity in primary zone is not enough; Most of coal dust can only be in the upper boiler zonal combustion; Cause moving on the flame kernel, fly ash combustible material increases, and efficiency of combustion reduces; The low tertiary air of simultaneously a large amount of temperature drops on top, primary zone, top; When particularly a stove two mills move; The low temperature tertiary air jet that is superimposed can dilute the high-temperature flue gas that coal dust firing produces in the wind in bottom; Slow down coke velocity in the coal dust, make also and move on the flame kernel that fly ash combustible material increases.When tertiary air stopped, under the constant condition of furnace outlet oxygen amount, secondary wind air quantity moment of main combustion zone increased, and departs from best fuel-air equivalent proportion, and the content of NOx certainly will increase, and is big thereby the NOx fluctuation range becomes.
And when adopting the input of this kind pulverized coal preparation system tertiary air, promptly the tertiary air rate is that 15%~22% air carries maximum fine breezes of about 15% and sprays into the stove internal combustion, and this regional excess air coefficient reaches 2.5~3.5m
3/ m
3More than, at big excess air coefficient combustion atmosphere like this, tertiary air burns under this oxidizing atmosphere and can produce NOx, and the NOx of the generation in primary zone can not be reduced in this zone, and this has just increased the discharging of NOx extraly.
In sum, owing to have tertiary air low nitrogen burning arrangement now when tertiary air drops into, tertiary air jet Overlay can make the interior coal dust firing situation of stove affect adversely, and moves on the flame kernel, and furnace outlet gas temperature increases, and unburned carbon in flue dust increases; The tertiary air throwing stopping time can cause the fluctuation range of NOx to become big, furnace outlet gas temperature unusual fluctuations, and unburned carbon in flue dust increases.Therefore,, reduce the problem that NOx discharging fluctuation range reaches the fly ash combustible material increase greatly, just need carry out improvement and design the arrangement and the dependency structure thereof of existing tertiary air nozzle in order to solve the burning link for the pulverized-coal fired boiler that is designed with the tertiary air nozzle.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the utility model is in order to solve the problems of the technologies described above; Provide a kind of simple in structure, easy and simple to handle, when tertiary air drops into, have the fuel of making and fire grading again, when tertiary air stops, having the tertiary air low nitrogen burning arrangement of air classification effect.
Technical scheme comprises a wind nozzle of one deck at least in the stage casing, primary zone, top that is positioned at burner hearth and one deck overfire air jet at least; Said primary zone epimere is provided with tertiary air nozzle on one deck; The said inlet tube of going up the tertiary air nozzle is communicated with secondary air channel that is provided with the shutoff air door and the tertiary-air pipe that is provided with insertion plate door respectively; Said secondary air channel is communicated with secondary air box, and said tertiary-air pipe is communicated with Powder discharging fan.
Said primary zone hypomere also is provided with tertiary air nozzle under one deck, and the said inlet tube of tertiary air nozzle down also is communicated with said secondary air channel and tertiary-air pipe respectively.
Said upward tertiary air nozzle reaches down, and the spacing between the tertiary air nozzle is 1.5~4 meters.
Said tertiary air nozzle comprises the inlet tube of leading portion, the Venturi tube in stage casing and the jet pipe of back segment, and coaxial inner conductor is provided with dense powder collecting pipe in the said jet pipe, and the said dense powder collecting pipe port of export is provided with central bluff body.
Said Venturi tube is located at the one-level Venturi throat in the inlet tube back segment by coaxial inner conductor and the secondary Venturi throat that is connected with the inlet tube rear end constitutes.
The outer jet pipe outlet inwall of said dense powder collecting pipe is provided with steady flame tooth.
Beneficial effect:
(1) through improved tertiary air pipeline system, can be when coal pulverizer stop to make tertiary air to stop throwing, the secondary wind that feeds in the secondary air box through conversion reach the air classification effect.
(2) change the tertiary air nozzle of original centralized arrangement the upper and lower of dispersed placement into, the problem that the furnace outlet gas temperature that produces when avoiding the low temperature tertiary air of centralized arrangement to spray into the primary zone, top is unusual, unburned carbon in flue dust increases in the primary zone, top on top, primary zone.
(3) through the tertiary air nozzle arrangements of design, make the coal dust in the nozzle realize deep or light separation, further reduce the generation of NOx, improve efficiency of combustion.
(4) the utility model can realize reducing furnace outlet NOx value about 10%~20% on existing low nitrogen oxide burner basis; Simultaneously, under various operating modes, it is big to solve tertiary air throwing stopping NOx discharging fluctuation range; Reduce unburned carbon in flue dust; Improve efficiency of combustion, increase boiler efficiency, promote overall performance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a tertiary air stokehold pipe-line system sketch map.
Wherein, 1-secondary air channel, 1 '-secondary air channel, 2-turn-off air door, 2 '-turn-off tertiary air nozzle under air door, the last tertiary air nozzle of 3-, the 4-, 5-insertion plate door, 5 '-insertion plate door, 6-tertiary-air pipe, 6 '-tertiary-air pipe, 7-Powder discharging fan, 7 '-Powder discharging fan, 8-secondary air box, 9-burner hearth.
Fig. 2 is the arrangement of nozzles sketch map in existing primary zone, top;
Fig. 3 is the arrangement of nozzles sketch map in primary zone, the utility model top;
Wherein, one is that wind nozzle, two is the tertiary air nozzle for overfire air jet, three; Last one be last wind nozzle, next for wind nozzle next time, last two for last overfire air jet, last three for last tertiary air nozzle, down three under the tertiary air nozzle.
Fig. 4 is a tertiary air nozzle arrangements sketch map in the utility model;
Fig. 5 be among Fig. 4 A to view.
Wherein, 31-inlet tube, 32-one-level Venturi throat, 33-secondary Venturi throat, the dense powder collecting pipe of 34-, 35-central bluff body, the steady flame tooth of 36-, 37-jet pipe.
The specific embodiment
With reference to Fig. 3; Arrangement at the primary zone, top of burner hearth nozzle is following: arrange once wind nozzle (last) and wind nozzle (next) next time in the stage casing, primary zone, top of burner hearth; Between a upper and lower wind nozzle, arrange one deck overfire air jet (two); Primary zone, top epimere be provided be positioned at once wind nozzle upper strata on tertiary air nozzle (last three) and the overfire air jet (last two) that is positioned at tertiary air nozzle (last three) upper strata, hypomere is provided with and is positioned at next time the following tertiary air nozzle of wind nozzle (next) lower floor (down three) in the primary zone, top.The spacing of last tertiary air nozzle (last three) and following tertiary air nozzle (down three) is 1.5~4 meters, and concrete spacing can be carried out appropriate design according to the number of plies of wind nozzle arranging between the size of burner hearth and the upper and lower tertiary air and overfire air jet.
With reference to Fig. 1, the air-supply pipeline system that is communicated with upper and lower tertiary air nozzle 3,4 is: Powder discharging fan 7 outlets are communicated with through the inlet tube of tertiary-air pipe 6 with last tertiary air nozzle 3, and said tertiary air nozzle 3 inlet tubes also are communicated with secondary air box 8 through secondary air channel 1; Said tertiary-air pipe 6 is provided with insertion plate door 5, and said secondary air channel 1 is provided with and turn-offs air door 2; Another Powder discharging fan 7 ' outlet is through tertiary-air pipe 6 ' be communicated with following tertiary air nozzle 4 inlet tubes; Last tertiary air nozzle 4 inlet tubes are also through secondary air channel 1 ' be communicated with secondary air box 8; Said tertiary-air pipe 6 ' be provided with insertion plate door 5 ', said secondary air channel 1 ' be provided with turn-off air door 2 '.Adopted two to overlap independently air-supply pipeline in the utility model; Certainly; Also can only be communicated with upper and lower tertiary air nozzle 3,4 simultaneously, simultaneously the two-layer upper and lower tertiary air nozzle 3,4 in the burner hearth carried out air feed control according to boiler capacity and system's needs with formation one cover air-supply pipelines such as a Powder discharging fan, tertiary-air pipe, insertion plate door, secondary air channel and shutoff air doors.Shutoff air door on the corresponding tertiary air nozzle pipeline and insertion plate door be interlock mode in logic, guarantees not open simultaneously and do not close simultaneously.
With reference to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5; Said tertiary air nozzle (comprising that tertiary air nozzle 3 reaches tertiary air nozzle 4 down) comprises the inlet tube 31 of leading portion, the Venturi tube in stage casing and the jet pipe 37 of back segment; Coaxial inner conductor is provided with dense powder collecting pipe 34 in the said jet pipe 37, and the said dense powder collecting pipe port of export is provided with central bluff body 35.Said Venturi tube is located at the one-level Venturi throat 32 in inlet tube 31 rear ends by coaxial inner conductor and the secondary Venturi throat 33 that is connected with inlet tube 31 rear ends constitutes.Said dense powder collecting pipe 34 outer jet pipe 37 outlet inwalls are provided with steady flame tooth 36.
Operation principle:
The utility model realizes that in the following manner the coal dust classification fires again, and the fluid mobility status in the tertiary air nozzle 3 is gone up in narration earlier, during Powder discharging fan 7 runnings; Explain that tertiary air (the weary gas that promptly contains fine powder) enters the tertiary-air pipe 6 from the outlet of Powder discharging fan 7, this moment insertion plate door 5 and 5 ' corresponding the opening on the tertiary-air pipe 6, the shutoff air door 2 on the secondary air channel 1 should be closed (the two logical interlock); Tertiary air flows into through tertiary-air pipe 6 and goes up in the tertiary air nozzle 3 corresponding inlet tubes 31 then; Under the effect of inertia force, the coal dust that is arranged in inlet tube 31 centers of tertiary air nozzle passes through and flows to dense powder collecting pipe 34 after one-level Venturi throat 32 concentrates, and the coal dust that is arranged in inlet tube 31 outer zones also flows to dense powder collecting pipe 34 after secondary Venturi throat 33 concentrates; Like this; Make the dense powder collecting pipe 34 interior coal dusts that higher concentration is arranged of assembling, dense powder collecting pipe 34 outer coal dusts are thin powdered coal (dense powder collecting pipe 34 pipes coal dust ratio interior and that pipe is outer are the highest about 7: 3), and thick coal culm sprays into the upper space in burner hearth internal upper part primary zone through central bluff body 35; Because coal powder density is high in the thick coal culm; Its excess air coefficient is burning under oxygen debt state less than 1, just has the restoring function to the rising flue gas; The NOx that produces in the time of can burning to the bottom plays reduction; Reduce the generation of NOx, dense powder collecting pipe 34 outer thin powdered coals reach ignition temperature and just burn after the good blending of high-temperature flue gas in steady flame tooth 36 and primary zone, top, and inner thick coal culm jet is wrapped up in the burning of thin powdered coal; Help the oxygen debt burning of low temperature thick coal culm, and this layer place forms and stablizes circle of contact torch in stove.
In like manner; Tertiary air (the weary gas that promptly contains fine powder) through Powder discharging fan 7 ', tertiary-air pipe 6 ', insertion plate door 5 ' entering is down in the tertiary air nozzle 4; Tertiary air flow regime and fired state in this tertiary air and the last tertiary air nozzle 3 are roughly the same; Thereby the realization fuel staging, the NOx that reduction has generated also suppresses total release.Through upper and lower tertiary air nozzle 3,4 influence that can reduce temperature is lower, water content is big, air capacity is higher tertiary air arranged apart to the oxygen debt burning in primary zone, top; Because be close to upper and lower tertiary air nozzle 3,4 superpositions relatively in this zone; Can form bigger cryosphere in the combustion zone; Reduce flame temperature in the burner hearth, reduce heat exchange in the stove, efficiency of combustion and boiler efficiency all can reduce, and also unfavorable to steady combustion; And disperse the layout of tertiary air nozzle just to significantly reduce its influence to heat exchange in pulverized coal flame in the stove and the stove.
The utility model is realized the air classification burning in the following manner; The fluid mobility status of going up tertiary air nozzle 3 is detailed earlier, and during Powder discharging fan 7 stalls, explain does not have tertiary air (the weary stream that contains fine powder moves in the tertiary-air pipe 6; Should close insertion plate door 5 earlier this moment; Simultaneously open (the two logical interlock) to the shutoff air door 2 on the secondary air channel 1, have secondary wind and from secondary air box 8, flow in the secondary air channel 1 this moment, gets into then to go up tertiary air nozzle 3; And then spray into the epimere in stove internal upper part primary zone again; Should substitute original tertiary air by last tertiary air nozzle 3 ejection secondary wind and mix the unburnt wind flame in entering below as compact after-flame wind, the common burning-out zone that gets into of blending limit, limit rising edge burning makes finally after-flame before the burner hearth place of coal dust; The secondary wind of following tertiary air nozzle 4 ejections also in like manner sprays into the hypomere in stove internal upper part primary zone, in the burning of stove inner edge rising edge, plays good air classification effect as the after-flame wind of the wind coal dust in primary zone, bottom.
The utility model forms according to the Design Theory of fuel staging and air classification burning; Bunker formula pulverized coal carried by hot air pulverized coal preparation system in the middle of domestic 200MW and the supporting boiler of following unit generally adopt; The arrangement of nozzles structure that adopts the utility model is that the effective tertiary air that reduces is thrown the method for stopping the NOx fluctuation range and raising the efficiency; When coal pulverizer came into operation, what the tertiary air nozzle sprayed was the different tertiary air of rich-lean ratio, realized that the fuel bias combustion reaches primary zone, bottom classification combustion effect again; When coal pulverizer is stopped using, through the conversion and control of tertiary air pipeline system, make tertiary air nozzle 3,4 ejection secondary wind, its effect is an after-flame wind, realizes the air classification burning.Two states is realized the different division of labor, can reduce the NOx fluctuation range effectively and reduce unburned carbon in flue dust, when keeping than high burning efficiency, realizes that the NOx of furnace outlet flue gas is lower than 300mg/Nm
3(6%O
2) level, for bituminous coal, even be lower than 250mg/Nm
3(6%O
2), have a good application prospect.