CN101865451B - Biomass high-temperature flue gas gasification combination coal burning boiler and low-pollution combustion method thereof - Google Patents
Biomass high-temperature flue gas gasification combination coal burning boiler and low-pollution combustion method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002631 hypothermal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007954 hypoxia Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004523 agglutinating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000707825 Argyrosomus regius Species 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010884 boiler slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003500 flue dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of a coal burning boiler and particularly relates to a biomass high-temperature flue gas gasification combination coal burning boiler and a low-pollution combustion method thereof. Flue gas serving as a gasification agent enters a gasification furnace; a biomass to be gasified in a biomass bin also enters the gasification furnace; gasified biomass fuel gas enters a fuel gas purification chamber to be subjected to primary purification to remove H2S, HCl and oil tar impurities; after a pressure head of the purified biomass fuel gas is improved by a booster fan, the purified biomass fuel gas enters a fuel gas storage tank and then enters a hearth of the coal burning boiler by a fuel gas nozzle to be burnt; the content of the biomass in the total glue gas is in the range of 0 to 30 percent and the whole system can still operate stably. The use of the biomass effectively reduces discharge of CO2 and SO2. The high-temperature flue gas is used as a heat source to gasify the biomass so as to reduce the content of the oil tar in the biomass fuel gas. The generated biomass fuel gas has high CO2 concentration. The reducing effect of the fuel gas on NOX is far superior to that of the biomass solid on NOX. The NOX concentration is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the coal-burning boiler technical field, particularly a kind of biomass high-temperature flue gas gasification combination coal-burning boiler and combustion with reduced pollutants method thereof.
Background technology
The flue gas that coal-fired power plant gives off is rich in CO
2, SO
2, NO
X, CO
2Be main greenhouse gases, a large amount of uses of fossil fuel give off a large amount of CO
2Cause global warming to raise SO
2And NO
XGet into atmosphere and cause acid rain and photochemical pollution, the heavy damage ecological environment.Coal-powder boiler unit below the 100MW unit capacity because less economical, pollutant discharge amount is big, is faced with the policy pressure that is forced closed.And biomass fuel is because its zero CO
2Discharging, SO
2And NO
XDischarge capacity is very low, and as reproducible new forms of energy, the utilization of biomass fuel is just by the support of policy; The biomass fuel generating becomes increasingly extensive, but the biomass fuel caloric value is low, and the biomass power generation unit capacity is little; The biomass fuel supply is unstable; Combustion stability is relatively poor relatively, and efficiency of combustion is low, and simple biomass fermentation power technology is difficult to large-scale application.Biomass fuel utilization and coal fired power generation technology are combined, original low capacity coal-powder boiler generating set is transformed into living beings and coal-powder boiler cogeneration unit,, prolong the service life of medium and small coal-powder boiler unit the deficiency that remedies both sides.Prior biological matter and coal-powder boiler cogeneration technology mainly contain 2 big types: living beings and fire coal are handled the back compound combustion respectively; Living beings and the unified burning in coal-fired mixing back.
The technology that living beings are burnt respectively after handling respectively with fire coal, modal is living beings and coal-fired use respectively broken pulverized coal preparation system separately, uses burner tissue separately to burn respectively.Living beings and fire coal can shared burners, also can use burner separately respectively.This Technology Need is installed the conveyance conduit of biomass fuel, controls and safeguards that boiler is cumbersome.Also can be the burner of the independent special of biomass fuel in the compound combustion technology.Living beings are rich in alkali metal; The content of Cl is also very high; Owing to causing ash fusion point, alkali-metal existence reduces after the mixed combustion; The agglutinating property dust stratification increases, and causes the ash deposition propensity and the alkali metal high temperature corrosion tendency of heating surfaces such as boiler water wall superheater reheater to strengthen, and the etching problem of HCl is also very serious simultaneously.And living beings and coal dust firing control is difficulty comparatively, causes combustion instability during the biomass fuel quality fluctuation easily, and the flame kernel fluctuation causes unburned carbon in flue dust and boiler slag carbon content to increase, and combustible loss increases.Though the compound combustion mode can lower NO to a certain extent
XDischarge capacity, still, biomass fuel is sent to the reburning zone as secondary fuel, biomass fuel belongs to solid fuel, its reductive NO
XEffect limited, NO
XConcentration of emission reduce relatively limited.
Living beings and the coal-fired unified combustion technology in back of mixing are that living beings and fire coal are at first mixed, and pulverize through coal pulverizer then, and the pipeline through pulverized coal preparation system is transported to burners in prior again, the tissue burning.This mode can make full use of original pulverized coal preparation system and combustion apparatus, and is simple, invests low.But it might reduce boiler output, restriction living beings kind and usage ratio.And coal dust is two kinds of fuel that physical property is different with living beings after all; Its ignition temperature, burning time, aerial flow trace etc. are all different; Combustion instability appears in mixed unified burning easily, degradation problem under flame kernel variation, the efficiency of combustion.And living beings are rich in alkali metal; Owing to causing ash fusion point, alkali-metal existence reduces after the mixed combustion; The agglutinating property dust stratification increases, and causes the ash deposition propensity and the alkali-metal high temperature corrosion tendency of heating surfaces such as boiler water wall superheater reheater to strengthen, and the etching problem of HCl is also very serious simultaneously.This combustion system discharges NO in the flue gas down
XConcentration of emission higher
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of biomass high-temperature flue gas gasification combination coal-burning boiler and combustion with reduced pollutants method thereof.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: said biomass high-temperature flue gas gasification combination coal-burning boiler; Its structure is: the furnace outlet of coal-burning boiler is drawn the high-temperature flue gas pipeline; Draw the low-temperature flue gas pipeline before the smoke inlet of the air preheater of coal-burning boiler; Article two, flue is connected to the flue gas blender jointly, and the flue gas blender is connected with gasification furnace, gas-purification chamber, booster fan, combustion gas holding vessel successively, feeds the reburning zone of coal-burning boiler at last; Be connected with the living beings storehouse on the gasification furnace.
Between said coal-burning boiler and the flue gas blender low-temperature flue gas pitch is set; Between said air preheater and the flue gas blender high-temperature flue gas pitch is set; The total door of flue gas is set between said flue gas blender and the gasification furnace, between said combustion gas holding vessel and the coal-burning boiler combustion gas adjustment doors is set.
The side of said gasification furnace is the position matter inlet of making a living on the lower side, and the bottom of gasification furnace is provided with a plurality of smoke inlets, and the top of gasification furnace is provided with the biological fuel gas outlet.
The furnace chamber of said coal-burning boiler is divided into primary zone, reburning zone and burning-out zone from top to bottom; Three layers of pulverized coal whirl burning device are set on the furnace wall in said primary zone; The combustion gas spout that one deck communicates with the combustion gas holding vessel is set on the furnace wall of said reburning zone, one deck after-flame wind OFA spout is set on the furnace wall of said burning-out zone.
Said combustion gas spout is circle and the circular ring structure that three concentric circles are formed, and is respectively interior secondary air channel, biological fuel gas passage and outer secondary air channel from inside to outside.
A kind of combustion with reduced pollutants method of using said biomass high-temperature flue gas gasification combination coal-burning boiler may further comprise the steps:
(1) temperature is that 1100～1200 ℃ high-temperature flue gas is drawn from the furnace outlet of coal-burning boiler, temperature be 330～370 ℃ low-temperature flue gas from the smoke inlet of air preheater before draw, two strands of flue gases get into the flue gas blenders;
(2), change the ratio of low-temperature flue gas ratio and high-temperature flue gas, thereby adjustment mixer outlet flue-gas temperature is 970～1020 ℃ through the aperture of adjustment low-temperature flue gas pitch and high-temperature flue gas pitch;
(3) flue gas enters into gasification furnace as gasifying agent, and living beings storehouse living beings to be gasified also get into gasification furnace simultaneously, and the biological fuel gas after the gasification gets into the gas-purification chamber and carries out preliminary purification, removes H
2S, HCl, tar impurity through entering into the combustion gas holding vessel behind the booster fan raising pressure head, enter into the burner hearth burning of coal-burning boiler again through the combustion gas spout;
(4) the caloric value ratio is burnt through the primary zone that coal burner enters into coal-burning boiler at the main fuel coal more than 70%, and the excess air coefficient in primary zone is 1.05～1.2; Biological fuel gas accounts for 0～30% of total fuel ratio, and the excess air coefficient of reburning zone is 0.7～0.9, and non-combustible gas content is high in the biological fuel gas, so the calorific value of biological fuel gas is low, is 4500～5500KJ/m
3, biological fuel gas has been realized the hypothermia and hypoxia burning in the reburning zone, combustion intensity is low, the NO that combustion process generates
XConcentration is low; Biological fuel gas is imperfect combustion in the reburning zone, and the reburning zone is rendered as reducing atmosphere, the CH in the biological fuel gas
4, CO gas directly reduces the NO in the flue gas of primary zone
XSecondary wind enters into burning-out zone from after-flame wind OFA spout, and the excess air coefficient of burning-out zone is 1.1～1.3, in time replenishes air, guarantees the abundant burning of uncombusted material in the flue gas, makes NO in the flue gas
XConcentration reduces more than 60%.
The volumetric concentration of main gas component is CO in the said flue gas
2: 14～16%, O
2: 3～8%, H
2O:8～12%, N
2: 64～75%; The volumetric concentration of the main gas component of said biological fuel gas is CO:18～22%, CH
4: 2～5%, H
2: 15%, CO
2: 12～14%, N
2: 49～53%.
The interior secondary air channel of said combustion gas spout feeds 5～10% interior secondary wind, with timely supplemental oxygen, improves the mixing uniformity of air and biological fuel gas; Biological fuel gas is from biological fuel gas passage ejection, and its spouting velocity is not less than 12m/s, and is reasonable to guarantee in the boiler that temperature field and flue gas flow field distribute; Outer secondary wind feeds from outer secondary air channel, and its wind speed is not less than 20m/s.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) the present invention adopts high-temperature flue gas as the thermal source gasified bio-matter, reduces the tar content in the biological fuel gas.Biological fuel gas is burnt alkali metal and HCl, H in the minimizing biological fuel gas through sending into the corresponding reburning zone of coal-powder boiler after the preliminary treatment
2The content of S, the ash deposition propensity, alkali metal high temperature corrosion tendency and the chlorine corrosion that alleviate biological fuel gas are inclined to.
(2) the present invention adopts the high-temperature flue gas gasification living beings, the biological fuel gas CO of generation
2Concentration is high, has realized the hypothermia and hypoxia burning after entering into the biomass fuel air burner of specially design, formed strong reducing property atmosphere, and combustion gas is to NO
XReduction effect be much better than biomass solid to NO
XReduction effect, effectively reduce NO
XConcentration.
(3) generating of living beings gasification associating coal-powder boiler has flexible operation modes, and living beings account in 0～30% scope of total fuel ratio, the operation that whole system still can be stable.The use of living beings has reduced CO
2And SO
2Discharging.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is said biomass high-temperature flue gas gasification coal-powder boiler combustion with reduced pollutants system architecture sketch map;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of said gasification furnace;
Fig. 3 (a) and Fig. 3 (b) are respectively the structure front view and the side view of said combustion gas spout;
Fig. 4 is the distribution schematic diagram of combustion gas spout, coal burner, after-flame wind OFA spout.
Label among the figure:
The 1-air preheater; 2-low-temperature flue gas pitch; 3-flue gas blender; The total door of 4-flue gas; 5-high-temperature flue gas pitch; 6-living beings storehouse; The 7-gasification furnace; 8-gas-purification chamber; The 9-booster fan; 10-combustion gas holding vessel; 11-combustion gas adjustment doors; 12-combustion gas spout; The 13-coal burner; 14-after-flame wind OFA spout; The 15-coal-burning boiler.
The specific embodiment
The invention provides a kind of biomass high-temperature flue gas gasification combination coal-burning boiler and combustion with reduced pollutants method thereof, the present invention is further specified below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1; The furnace outlet of coal-burning boiler 15 is drawn the high-temperature flue gas pipeline; Draw the low-temperature flue gas pipeline before the smoke inlet of the air preheater 1 of coal-burning boiler 15; Article two, flue is connected to flue gas blender 3 jointly, and flue gas blender 3 is connected with gasification furnace 7, gas-purification chamber 8, booster fan 9, combustion gas holding vessel 10 successively, feeds the reburning zone of coal-burning boiler 15 at last; Be connected with living beings storehouse 6 on the gasification furnace 7.Between coal-burning boiler 15 and flue gas blender 3, low-temperature flue gas pitch 2 is set; Between said air preheater 1 and the flue gas blender 3 high-temperature flue gas pitch 5 is set; The total door 4 of flue gas is set between said flue gas blender 3 and the gasification furnace 7, between said combustion gas holding vessel 10 and the coal-burning boiler 15 combustion gas adjustment doors 11 is set.
As shown in Figure 2, the side of gasification furnace 7 is the position matter inlet of making a living on the lower side, and the bottom of gasification furnace 7 is provided with a plurality of smoke inlets, and the top of gasification furnace 7 is provided with the biological fuel gas outlet.
Shown in Fig. 3 (a) and Fig. 3 (b), combustion gas spout 12 is circle and the circular ring structure that three concentric circles are formed, and is respectively interior secondary air channel, biological fuel gas passage and outer secondary air channel from inside to outside.
As shown in Figure 4, the furnace chamber of coal-burning boiler 15 is divided into primary zone, reburning zone and burning-out zone from top to bottom, and total height is 54m; On the furnace wall in the primary zone that said coal-burning boiler 15 absolute altitudes are 15m～18m three layers of pulverized coal whirl burning device 13 are set; On the furnace wall of the reburning zone that said coal-burning boiler 15 absolute altitudes are 21m the combustion gas spout 12 that one deck communicates with combustion gas holding vessel 10 is set, one deck after-flame wind OFA spout 14 is set on the furnace wall of the burning-out zone that said coal-burning boiler 15 absolute altitudes are 24m.
When said biomass high-temperature flue gas gasification combination coal-burning boiler is worked; Temperature is about 1100～1200 ℃ high-temperature flue gas and draws from the furnace outlet of coal-burning boiler 15; Temperature is about 350 ℃ low-temperature flue gas and before the smoke inlet of coal-burning boiler air preheater 1, draws; Two strands of flue gases get into flue gas blender 3; Through the aperture of adjustment low-temperature flue gas pitch 2 and high-temperature flue gas pitch 5, change the ratio of low-temperature flue gas ratio and high-temperature flue gas, thereby the flue-gas temperature of adjustment flue gas blender 3 outlets is 970～1020 ℃.The total door 4 of flue gas is a cut-off gate, opens during the gasification system operation, closes when gasification system is stopped transport.The volumetric concentration of main gas component is CO in the flue gas
2: 14～16%, O
2: 3～8%, H
2O:8～12%, N
2: 64～75%.
Living beings are by the side inlet entering gasification furnace 7 of living beings storehouse 6 from gasification furnace 7; Flue gas enters into gasification furnace 7 as gasifying agent from the bottom inlet of gasification furnace 7; Through getting into gasification furnace 7 reaction compartments behind the air distribution plate uniformly; The biological fuel gas that produces carries a large amount of solid particles through the separator initial gross separation, and biological fuel gas is drawn and gone to gas-purification chamber 8, and solid particle is then got back to gasification furnace; Again gasify, improve the carbon conversion efficiency of biomass fuel.High-temperature flue gas as gasifying agent is rich in CO
2And steam, and temperature is adjusted in 1100～1200 ℃.The steam that is rich in the flue gas can be used as gasifying medium; Steam has not only quickened the reaction of charcoal and steam, and has strengthened the degree of secondary response, makes the abundant cracking of the tar that in the primary first-order equation process, produces; Can also strengthen reforming reaction; Strengthen the reaction relevant such as reaction of steam and CO, make the gas yield increase, the productive rate reduction of tar and charcoal with steam.Under the effect of high-temperature flue gas, gasification furnace moves under 950～1050 ℃ high temperature, makes that tar ingredients and condensate content are very low in the biological fuel gas, gasification efficiency that effectively improves and reliability of system operation stability.O in the flue gas
2Content is lower, helps controlling oxygen/living beings ratio, improves gasification efficiency.Therefore, adopt high-temperature flue gas as gasifying agent, gasification efficiency improves, and system economy is good, and is stable.
Biological fuel gas after the gasification gets into clean room 8 and carries out preliminary purification, removes H
2Impurity such as S, HCl, tar through entering into combustion gas holding vessel 10 behind the booster fan 9 raising pressure heads, according to the needs of boiler operatiopn, are regulated the gas control valve aperture, and biological fuel gas enters into the burner hearth burning of coal-burning boiler 15 through combustion gas spout 12.The volumetric concentration of the main gas component of biological fuel gas is CO:18～22%, CH
4: 2～5%, H
2: 15%, CO
2: 12～14%, N
2: 49～53%.
The caloric value ratio enters into the primary zone burning at the main fuel coal more than 70% through coal burner 13, and the excess air coefficient in primary zone is 1.05～1.2, guarantees that coal dust can fully burning under the oxygen enrichment situation in the primary zone.Biological fuel gas accounts for 0～30% of total fuel ratio, and the interior secondary air channel of combustion gas spout 12 feeds 5～10% interior secondary wind, with timely supplemental oxygen, improves the mixing uniformity of air and biological fuel gas; Biological fuel gas is from biological fuel gas passage ejection, and its spouting velocity is not less than 12m/s, and is reasonable to guarantee in the boiler that temperature field and flue gas flow field distribute; Outer secondary wind feeds from outer secondary air channel, and its wind speed is not less than 20m/s.The excess air coefficient of reburning zone is 0.7～0.9, and non-combustible gas content is high in the biological fuel gas, so the calorific value of biological fuel gas is low, is 4500～5500KJ/m
3, biological fuel gas has been realized the hypothermia and hypoxia burning in the reburning zone, combustion intensity is low, the NO that combustion process generates
XConcentration is low; Biological fuel gas is imperfect combustion in the reburning zone, and the reburning zone is rendered as reducing atmosphere, the CH in the biological fuel gas
4, CO gas directly reduces the NO in the flue gas of primary zone
XSecondary wind enters into burning-out zone from after-flame wind OFA spout 14, and the excess air coefficient of burning-out zone is 1.1～1.3, in time replenishes air, guarantees the abundant burning of uncombusted material in the flue gas, makes NO in the flue gas
XConcentration reduces more than 60%.And three passages and the after-flame wind OFA spout 14 of coal burner 13, combustion gas spout 12 are provided with baffle plate respectively, through regulating the folding of each baffle plate, can regulate the ratio of coal dust, biological fuel gas and secondary wind.
During normal the operation, the caloric value of coal dust accounts for 75% of coal-burning boiler burner hearth gross calorific power, and the biological fuel gas caloric value accounts for 25% of gross calorific power.Coal dust is oxygen-enriched combusting in the primary zone, and the primary zone excess air coefficient is controlled to be 1.05, and biological fuel gas is combustion with meagre oxygen in the reburning zone, and the reburning zone excess air coefficient is controlled to be 0.8, and the burning-out zone excess air coefficient is controlled to be 1.2.When biomass fuel supply instability, can correspondingly reduce the supply of reburning zone biological fuel gas, the corresponding simultaneously supply that increases coal dust.Even when biomass fuel lacks, can stop the supply of biological fuel gas, and adopt coal dust to act as a fuel fully, at this moment, the secondary wind baffle opening of combustion gas spout 12 is set at 20%, a certain amount of secondary wind is provided, cooled nozzle.Strengthen the secondary wind baffle opening of coal burner 13 simultaneously, increase secondary air flow, suitably reduce the baffle opening of after-flame wind OFA spout 14, reduce the ratio of after-flame wind, to guarantee the stability of stove internal combustion.The method of operation such as table 1 under the different living beings ratios:
The method of operation under table 1.4 kind of the common operating mode
| The coal dust ratio, % | The living beings ratio, % | Coal burner two windshield plate apertures, % | Combustion gas spout secondary wind baffle opening, % | The OFA baffle opening, % | |
| |
70 | 30 | 50 | 60 | 100 |
| Operating mode 2 | 80 | 20 | 70 | 45 | 70 |
| Operating mode 3 | 90 | 10 | 85 | 30 | 40 |
| Operating mode 4 | 100 | 0 | 100 | 20 | 20 |
Therefore, combustion method of the present invention can adapt to the combustion conditions of different living beings ratios, flameholding, and the method for operation is flexible.
Claims (8)
1. biomass high-temperature flue gas gasification combination coal-burning boiler; It is characterized in that; The furnace outlet of coal-burning boiler (15) is drawn the high-temperature flue gas pipeline, draws the low-temperature flue gas pipeline before the smoke inlet of the air preheater (1) of coal-burning boiler (15), and two flues are connected to flue gas blender (3) jointly; Flue gas blender (3) is connected with gasification furnace (7), gas-purification chamber (8), booster fan (9), combustion gas holding vessel (10) successively, feeds the reburning zone of coal-burning boiler (15) at last; Be connected with living beings storehouse (6) on the gasification furnace (7).
2. biomass high-temperature flue gas gasification combination coal-burning boiler according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Between said coal-burning boiler (15) and the flue gas blender (3) high-temperature flue gas pitch (5) is set; Between said air preheater (1) and the flue gas blender (3) low-temperature flue gas pitch (2) is set, the total door of flue gas (4) is set between said flue gas blender (3) and the gasification furnace (7), between said combustion gas holding vessel (10) and the coal-burning boiler (15) combustion gas adjustment doors (11) is set.
3. biomass high-temperature flue gas gasification combination coal-burning boiler according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The side of said gasification furnace (7) is the position matter inlet of making a living on the lower side, and the bottom of gasification furnace (7) is provided with a plurality of smoke inlets, and the top of gasification furnace (7) is provided with the biological fuel gas outlet.
4. biomass high-temperature flue gas gasification combination coal-burning boiler according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The furnace chamber of said coal-burning boiler (15) is divided into primary zone, reburning zone and burning-out zone from top to bottom; Three layers of pulverized coal whirl burning device (13) are set on the furnace wall in said primary zone, the combustion gas spout (12) that one deck communicates with combustion gas holding vessel (10) is set on the furnace wall of said reburning zone, one deck after-flame wind OFA spout (14) is set on the furnace wall of said burning-out zone.
5. biomass high-temperature flue gas gasification combination coal-burning boiler according to claim 4; It is characterized in that; Said combustion gas spout (12) is circle and the circular ring structure that three concentric circles are formed, and is respectively interior secondary air channel, biological fuel gas passage and outer secondary air channel from inside to outside.
6. a biomass high-temperature flue gas gasification combination coal-burning boiler combustion with reduced pollutants method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Temperature is that 1100～1200 ℃ high-temperature flue gas is drawn from the furnace outlet of coal-burning boiler (15), and temperature is that 330～370 ℃ low-temperature flue gas is drawn before the smoke inlet of air preheater (1), and two strands of flue gases get into flue gas blender (3);
Between coal-burning boiler (15) and the flue gas blender (3) high-temperature flue gas pitch (5) is set; Between said air preheater (1) and the flue gas blender (3) low-temperature flue gas pitch (2) is set; Aperture through adjustment low-temperature flue gas pitch (2) and high-temperature flue gas pitch (5); Change the ratio of low-temperature flue gas ratio and high-temperature flue gas, thereby adjustment mixer outlet flue-gas temperature is 970～1020 ℃;
Flue gas enters into gasification furnace (7) as gasifying agent, and living beings storehouse (6) living beings to be gasified also get into gasification furnace (7) simultaneously, and the biological fuel gas after the gasification gets into gas-purification chamber (8) and carries out preliminary purification, removes H
2S, HCl, tar impurity through entering into combustion gas holding vessel (10) behind booster fan (9) the raising pressure head, pass through the burner hearth burning that combustion gas spout (12) enters into coal-burning boiler again;
The caloric value ratio is burnt through the primary zone that coal burner (13) enters into coal-burning boiler (15) at the main fuel coal more than 70%, and the excess air coefficient in primary zone is 1.05～1.2; Biological fuel gas accounts for 0～30% of total fuel ratio, and the excess air coefficient of reburning zone is 0.7～0.9, and non-combustible gas content is high in the biological fuel gas, so the calorific value of biological fuel gas is low, is 4500～5500KJ/m
3, biological fuel gas has been realized the hypothermia and hypoxia burning in the reburning zone, combustion intensity is low, the NO that combustion process generates
XConcentration is low; Biological fuel gas is imperfect combustion in the reburning zone, and the reburning zone is rendered as reducing atmosphere, the CH in the biological fuel gas
4, CO gas directly reduces the NO in the flue gas of primary zone
XSecondary wind enters into burning-out zone from after-flame wind OFA spout (14), and the excess air coefficient of burning-out zone is 1.1～1.3, in time replenishes air, guarantees the abundant burning of uncombusted material in the flue gas, makes NO in the flue gas
XConcentration reduces more than 60%.
7. a kind of biomass high-temperature flue gas gasification combination coal-burning boiler combustion with reduced pollutants method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, said mixer outlet temperature is that the volumetric concentration of main gas component in 970～1020 ℃ the flue gas is CO
2: 14～16%, O
2: 3～8%, H
2O:8～12%, N
2: 64～75%; The volumetric concentration of the main gas component of said biological fuel gas is CO:18～22%, CH
4: 2～5%, H
2: 15%, CO
2: 12～14%, N
2: 49～53%.
8. a kind of biomass high-temperature flue gas gasification combination coal-burning boiler combustion with reduced pollutants method according to claim 6; It is characterized in that; Said combustion gas spout (12) is circle and the circular ring structure that three concentric circles are formed, and is respectively interior secondary air channel, biological fuel gas passage and outer secondary air channel from inside to outside; The interior secondary air channel of combustion gas spout (12) feeds 5～10% interior secondary wind, with timely supplemental oxygen, improves the mixing uniformity of air and biological fuel gas; Biological fuel gas is from biological fuel gas passage ejection, and its spouting velocity is not less than 12m/s, and is reasonable to guarantee in the boiler that temperature field and flue gas flow field distribute; Outer secondary wind feeds from outer secondary air channel, and its wind speed is not less than 20m/s.
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