CN201852128U - Multipurpose biomass boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a multi-purpose biomass boiler which comprises a hearth; the lower part of the hearth is provided with a chain grate; the front side and the rear side of the hearth are respectively provided with a front arch and a rear arch; the front side of the front arch is provided with a coal hopper and a coal gate; a primary air device is arranged in the chain grate; and secondary air devices are respectively arranged on the front arch and the rear arch. The multi-purpose biomass boiler has the advantages of compact structure, small size, low cost, small occupied area, cleanliness, environmental protection, energy saving, high efficiency and the like.

Description

Multipurpose biomass boiler

technical field

The utility model relates to a multipurpose boiler, in particular to a boiler whose heat source is biomass.

Background technique

Usually, boilers with biomass heat source adopt horizontal chain grate. The traditional air supply combustion method of this kind of boiler is to supply air to the bottom of the grate, which causes the following problems:

①Biomass fuel has high volatile content, and the combustion method of blowing air from the bottom of the grate may easily cause incomplete combustion of volatile content in the ignition area, smoke or even black smoke from the boiler, which cannot be eliminated by any dust collector, and the smoke and dust emissions are seriously unqualified , and greatly reduce the combustion efficiency.

②Biomass fuel has low density and is easy to fly when burning. The combustion method of air supply from the bottom of the grate will form a lot of burners and fuel accumulation in the grate, especially in the main combustion area, resulting in uneven fire bed, a large amount of air leakage and incomplete combustion of slag, which greatly reduces the combustion efficiency.

③Biomass fuel ash melting point is less than 900 ℃, easy to coke. The combustion method using air supply from the bottom of the grate will generate a high temperature of more than 1200°C in the grate, especially the main combustion area, resulting in slagging on the grate. Severe slagging will cause mechanical failure of the grate and block the flue, affecting the normal operation of the boiler. run.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the disadvantages of the traditional chain grate boiler burning biomass, and to provide a multi-purpose boiler more suitable for burning biomass.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the following technical scheme is adopted: a multi-purpose biomass boiler, including a furnace, the lower part of which is equipped with a chain grate, the front and rear sides of the furnace are respectively a front arch and a rear arch, and the front side of the front arch is provided with a coal scuttle and a coal hopper. The gate and the chain grate are provided with a primary air device, and the front arch and the rear arch are respectively arranged with a secondary air device.

The secondary air device is composed of a main air duct and several air pipes, and is located at the front arch and the rear arch at the exit of the furnace.

The air pipes are arranged perpendicular to the main air pipes, and there are at least two of them.

The utility model adds secondary air devices at the front and rear arches respectively, with the purpose of: strengthening the airflow disturbance between the front and rear arches of the furnace, increasing the mixing of fuel and air, prolonging the residence time of fuel in the furnace, and making the combustion in the furnace space more intense. Combustion is more complete, reducing the loss of incomplete combustion of gas, preventing black smoke from the boiler, improving the combustion efficiency of the boiler, and is conducive to environmental protection. After adopting the secondary air device, the air supply volume at the lower part of the chain grate is reduced, and the chain grate operates in an oxygen-deficient combustion mode, and the wind speed and temperature of the grate are at a completely controllable low level. The utility model has the advantages of compact structure, small volume, low cost, small occupied area, cleanliness, environmental protection, energy saving and high efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the front view of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the secondary air device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a multi-purpose biomass boiler includes a furnace 4, a chain grate 3 is provided at the lower part of the furnace 4, the front and rear arches 5 and 6 are respectively on the front and rear sides of the furnace 1, and the front arch 5 is on the front side. A coal hopper 1 and a coal gate 2 are provided, a primary air device 8 is provided in the chain grate 3, and a secondary air device 7 is arranged at the front arch 5 and the rear arch 6 respectively. The secondary air device 7 is composed of a main air pipe 9 and 7 air pipes 10. The air pipe 10 is arranged perpendicular to the main air pipe 9. The secondary air device 7 is located at the front arch 5 and the rear arch 6 at the exit of the furnace 4.

The number of the air piping 10 is at least two, and may be 3, 4, 5, 8, 10 or more.

The air piping 10 can also be obliquely fixed on the main air pipe 9 .

The biomass fuel falls on the chain grate 3 through the coal hopper 1 and the coal gate 2, and the primary air device 8 is installed in the chain grate 3, and a certain proportion of the primary air enters the lower part of the chain grate 3 through the blower in the form of blowing, and passes through The damper of each air chamber adjusts the air pressure and air volume and then sends it into each air chamber. Under the action of the primary air, the biomass fuel is burned at a low temperature and anoxic on the upper part of the chain grate to produce unburned gas. A secondary air device is installed on the front arch 5 and rear arch 6 at the exit, and the secondary air is sent to the main air duct 9 of the secondary air device 7 after the fan adjusts the air pressure and air volume through the damper, and is sent through the distribution pipe 10 4 middle parts of the hearth. The secondary air generated by the secondary air device 7 of the front arch 5 and the rear arch 6 generates air flow disturbance in the middle of the furnace 4, increases the mixing of biomass fuel and air, prolongs the residence time of biomass fuel in the furnace, and at the same time, the biomass fuel The unburned gas produced by the anoxic combustion on the upper part of the chain grate is fully mixed with the air, which makes the combustion in the furnace space more intense and complete, reduces the heat loss of incomplete combustion of volatile components, and improves the combustion efficiency of the boiler.

The multi-purpose biomass boiler of the utility model can not only burn biomass, but also burn coal very well. When burning coal, turn off the secondary air and lower the coal gate to keep the coal seam at a certain thickness and send it into the furnace. At this time, there is only primary air, and the coal is in the best combustion state by adjusting the air pressure and air volume of the primary air.

Claims (3)

1. A multi-purpose biomass boiler, including a furnace (4), the lower part of the furnace (4) is equipped with a chain grate (3), the front and rear sides of the furnace (4) are respectively a front arch (5) and a rear arch (6), A coal hopper (1) and a coal gate (2) are provided on the front side of the front arch (5), and a primary air device (8) is provided in the chain grate (3), which is characterized in that: the front arch (5) and Secondary air devices (7) are respectively arranged at the back arches (6). 2. The multi-purpose biomass boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: the secondary air device (7) is composed of a main air pipe (9) and several air pipes (10), located at the outlet of the furnace (4) at the front arch (5) and the rear arch (6). 3. The multi-purpose biomass boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: said air piping (10) is arranged perpendicular to the main air pipe (9), and the number thereof is at least two.

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