WO2024001830A1 - 一种衍射光波导结构、光学装置以及近眼显示设备 - Google Patents

一种衍射光波导结构、光学装置以及近眼显示设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024001830A1
WO2024001830A1 PCT/CN2023/100751 CN2023100751W WO2024001830A1 WO 2024001830 A1 WO2024001830 A1 WO 2024001830A1 CN 2023100751 W CN2023100751 W CN 2023100751W WO 2024001830 A1 WO2024001830 A1 WO 2024001830A1
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Prior art keywords
area
uniform light
light
turning
coupling
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PCT/CN2023/100751
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
兰富洋
关健
周兴
邵陈荻
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珠海莫界科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2024001830A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024001830A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
    • G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
    • G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
    • G02B6/124—Geodesic lenses or integrated gratings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of optical technology, and more specifically, to a diffraction light waveguide structure, an optical device and a near-eye display device.
  • An optical waveguide is a device that can bind signal light inside and transmit the signal light in a specific direction. At the same time, the optical waveguide has good light transmittance. Based on these characteristics, optical waveguides can be used as displays for augmented reality (AR) near-eye display devices.
  • the optical waveguide directionally transmits the signal light projected by the projection light machine to the human eye, so the human eye can see the image to be displayed20, and because the optical waveguide has good light transmittance, the human eye can also clearly see the real image behind the waveguide environment, so what the human eye finally sees is the fusion of the image 20 to be displayed and the real environment.
  • Optical waveguides can be divided into geometric optical waveguides, diffraction optical waveguides and other types according to different implementation principles. Diffractive optical waveguides have gradually become the preferred solution for displays in augmented reality (AR) near-eye display devices due to their thin thickness, light weight, and good light transmittance.
  • the diffractive optical waveguide 10 includes a waveguide layer 11 and a diffraction microstructure layer 12 provided on the surface of the waveguide layer 11.
  • the area close to the projection light machine is the coupling area 111, which is close to the person.
  • the eye region is the coupling-out region 112.
  • the diffractive microstructures of the coupling-in region 111, the turning region 113 and the coupling-out region 112 may be on the same side of the waveguide layer 11.
  • the surfaces may also be located on two surfaces of the waveguide layer 11 respectively.
  • the diffractive microstructures of the coupling area 111, the turning area 113, and the outcoupling area 112 of the diffraction optical waveguide 10 shown in FIG. 1 are located on the same surface of the waveguide layer 11.
  • the diffraction microstructure of the coupling area 111 uses the diffraction of light to couple part of the signal light emitted by the optical machine into the waveguide layer 11.
  • the diffraction microstructure of the turning area 113 and the outcoupling area 112 uses the diffraction of light to couple a signal transmitted therein.
  • the beam of light is split and expanded in two dimensions, so that a beam of light incident from the coupling area 111 will be expanded into multiple beams after being transmitted and coupled out through the waveguide, that is, the exit pupil is expanded. Please refer to Figure 2, the light propagation process. For a waveguide with a turning zone 113, these light beams pass through the turning zone 113 and total reflection in the waveguide layer 11 and are transmitted to the outcoupling zone 112.
  • the diffraction microstructure layer of the outcoupling zone 112 utilizes light
  • the diffraction of the waveguide layer 11 couples the light transmitted in the waveguide layer 11 out of the waveguide layer 11 , and the light coupled out of the waveguide layer 11 is incident on the human eye, and an image 20 to be displayed is formed on the retina.
  • the diffraction efficiency of the diffraction microstructure in the turning zone 113 and the diffraction microstructure in the coupling zone 112 is fixed, which results in the attenuation of the energy of the light during the split propagation process.
  • R0 is the incident signal light, assuming its energy is 1
  • the first-order diffraction efficiency of the turning zone 113 diffraction microstructure for this light is ⁇ ( ⁇ 1)
  • the energy of the turning rays R1, R2 and R3 is ⁇ , (1- ⁇ ) ⁇ and (1- ⁇ )2 ⁇ . It can be seen that their energy is decreasing.
  • the diffraction efficiency of the outgoing light order corresponding to the diffraction microstructure of the coupling area 112 is ⁇ ( ⁇ 1)
  • the energy of the coupling light R11, R12 and R13 is ⁇ , ⁇ (1- ⁇ ) ⁇ and ⁇ (1- ⁇ )2 ⁇ , their energy is also decreasing.
  • the relative energy of all coupled light rays is expressed by the length of the light ray, showing a pattern from the upper left corner of the coupling area 112 to the lower right corner of the coupling area 112
  • the trend of sequential attenuation will lead to the problem of uneven brightness when the waveguide displays the image 30 (see Figure 4).
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a diffraction light waveguide structure, an optical device and a near-eye display device to solve the technical problem of uneven brightness when waveguides display images in the prior art.
  • the present application provides a diffraction optical waveguide structure, including a light guide layer and a coupling-in area, a turning area and an out-coupling area arranged on the light-guiding layer and sequentially along the direction of the optical path.
  • the coupling-in area , the turning zone and the coupling-out zone are both provided with a first diffractive microstructure layer;
  • the diffraction light waveguide structure also includes a uniform light area, the uniform light area is provided between the turning area and the outcoupling area, the uniform light area is provided with a second diffractive microstructure layer, the second diffraction microstructure layer
  • the diffraction microstructure layer is used to spatially redistribute the energy of light to improve the uniformity and brightness of the light emitted from the outcoupling region.
  • the uniform light area is an area surrounded by straight edges, or the uniform light area is an area surrounded by arc edges.
  • the uniform light area includes a plurality of sub-light uniform areas, the plurality of sub-light uniform areas are arranged at intervals, and the distance between two adjacent sub-light uniform areas is not greater than 30 mm.
  • the uniform light area is provided with at least one hole area, and the aperture of the hole area is not greater than 30 mm.
  • the uniform light area is provided on the same side as the coupling area, the turning area and the outcoupling area.
  • the uniform light zone is provided between the turning zone and the outcoupling zone and is closely adjacent to the turning zone and the outcoupling zone;
  • the uniform light area is provided between the turning area and the coupling-out area and is spaced apart from the turning area and the coupling-out area, and the distance between the uniform light area and the turning area is no greater than 40mm, the distance between the uniform light area and the coupling area is not greater than 40mm;
  • the uniform light area is provided between the turning area and the coupling-out area, the uniform light area is closely adjacent to the turning area, and the uniform light area is spaced apart from the coupling-out area, And the distance between the uniform light area and the coupling area is not greater than 40mm;
  • the uniform light area is provided between the turning area and the coupling-out area, the uniform light area is closely adjacent to the coupling-out area, and the uniform light area is spaced apart from the turning area, And the distance between the uniform light area and the turning area is not greater than 40mm.
  • the uniform light area is provided on opposite sides of the coupling area, the turning area and the out-coupling area.
  • the uniform light zone is provided between the turning zone and the coupling-out zone and is closely adjacent to the turning zone and the coupling-out zone in the axial direction;
  • the uniform light area is disposed between the turning area and the coupling-out area and is spaced apart from the turning area and the coupling-out area in the axial direction, and the uniform light area and the turning area are The distance between the uniform light area and the coupling area is not greater than 40mm;
  • the uniform light area is provided between the turning area and the coupling-out area, the uniform light area and the turning area are closely adjacent in the axial direction, and the uniform light area and the coupling-out area are The zones are spaced apart in the axial direction, and the distance between the uniform light zone and the coupling zone is not greater than 40mm;
  • the uniform light area is provided between the turning area and the coupling-out area, the uniform light area and the coupling-out area are closely adjacent in the axial direction, and the uniform light area and the turning area are The zones are spaced apart in the axial direction, and the distance between the uniform light zone and the turning zone is not greater than 40mm;
  • the uniform light zone is provided between the turning zone and the outcoupling zone, and the uniform light zone overlaps with at least one of the turning zone and the outcoupling zone in the axial direction.
  • the present application also provides an optical device, including a micro-image source and the above-mentioned diffraction light waveguide structure.
  • the present application also provides a near-eye display device, including the above-mentioned optical device.
  • the beneficial effects of the diffraction light waveguide structure, optical device and near-eye display device provided by this application are at least:
  • the diffraction light waveguide structure, optical device and near-eye display device provided by this application have a uniform light zone between the turning zone and the outcoupling zone.
  • the light output from the turning zone can pass through the uniform light in whole or in part before entering the outcoupling zone.
  • light area uses the second diffraction microstructure layer set in the uniform light area to spatially redistribute the energy of the light, so that the energy of the outgoing light propagated from the coupling area is improved, thereby improving the uniformity of the waveguide display, and The overall brightness is improved, resulting in better display effects.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a diffractive optical waveguide provided by the prior art
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical path propagation process of a diffractive optical waveguide provided by the prior art
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of energy attenuation during beam splitting and propagation of a diffractive optical waveguide provided by the prior art
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a diffraction optical waveguide provided by the prior art that causes uneven brightness when the waveguide displays an image;
  • Figure 5a is a schematic structural diagram of the diffraction light waveguide structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5b is a schematic diagram 2 of the structure of the diffraction light waveguide structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5c is a structural schematic diagram three of the diffraction light waveguide structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram 4 of the structure of the diffraction light waveguide structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram 5 of the structure of the diffraction light waveguide structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram 6 of the structure of the diffractive light waveguide structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram 7 of the diffractive light waveguide structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram 8 of the structure of the diffraction light waveguide structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 11 is a structural schematic diagram 9 of the diffractive light waveguide structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram 10 of the structure of the diffraction light waveguide structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 13 is a structural schematic diagram 11 of the diffractive light waveguide structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • This embodiment provides a diffraction light waveguide structure 100, which includes a light guide layer 110 and a light guide layer 110.
  • the coupling-in area 120, the turning area 130 and the out-coupling area 140 are arranged sequentially on the optical path 110 and along the optical path direction.
  • the coupling-in area 120, the turning area 130 and the out-coupling area 140 are all provided with a first diffractive microstructure.
  • the diffraction light waveguide structure 100 also includes a uniform light area 160.
  • the uniform light area 160 is provided between the turning area 130 and the outcoupling area 140.
  • the uniform light area 160 is provided with a second diffractive microstructure.
  • Layer 170 , the second diffraction microstructure layer 170 is used to spatially redistribute the energy of light to improve the uniformity and brightness of the light emitted from the outcoupling region 140 .
  • the working principle of the diffraction light waveguide structure 100 provided in this embodiment is as follows:
  • a uniform light region 160 is provided between the turning region 130 and the outcoupling region 140.
  • the light output from the turning region 130 can pass through the uniform light region 160 in whole or in part before entering the outcoupling region 140.
  • the light area 160 is provided, and the second diffractive microstructure layer 170 provided in the uniform light area 160 is used to spatially redistribute the energy of the light.
  • the specific distribution principle is: the distribution of light in the uniform light area 160 is the same as the distribution of light in the turning area 130. Both of them make part of the light incident on this area propagate along the original path and the other part propagate in the set direction, as shown in the figure.
  • the uniform light area 160 will only distribute the incident light to the right and downward directions, and a certain position of the decoupling area 140 has both the emitted light of the solid arrow and the emitted light of the dotted arrow, which means that the The light intensity at each location is enhanced, achieving an increase in the minimum brightness of light in each field of view. It can be seen that the energy of the emitted light propagated from the outcoupling region 140 is improved, thereby improving the uniformity and overall brightness of the waveguide display, so that the waveguide has a better display effect. It should be understood that improving the uniformity of the waveguide display means making the brightness of light from different incident angles to the human eye as consistent as possible, rather than making the brightness of light from a single angle consistent and as high as possible in each position of the outcoupling area 140 .
  • the beneficial effects of the diffractive optical waveguide structure 100 provided in this embodiment are at least:
  • a uniform light region 160 is provided between the turning region 130 and the outcoupling region 140.
  • the light output from the turning region 130 can pass through the uniform light region 160 in whole or in part before entering the outcoupling region 140.
  • the light area 160 is used, and the second diffractive microstructure layer 170 provided in the uniform light area 160 is used to spatially redistribute the energy of the light, so that the energy of the outgoing light propagated from the coupling area 140 is improved, thereby improving the waveguide display. Uniformity and improved overall brightness, resulting in better display effects.
  • the uniform light area 160 is an area surrounded by straight edges.
  • the uniform light area 160 is a regular or irregular quadrilateral. It should be understood that the uniform light area 160 surrounded by straight sides can also be in other shapes, and is not limited to the above situation, and is not limited here.
  • the uniform light area 160 is an area surrounded by arc edges.
  • the uniform light area 160 surrounded by arc edges is oval or cloud-shaped. It should be understood that the uniform light area 160 can also have other shapes and is not limited to the above situation, which is not limited here.
  • the uniform light area 160 includes a plurality of sub-light uniform areas 161 , the plurality of sub-light uniform areas 161 are arranged at intervals, and two adjacent sub-light uniform areas 161 The spacing is no more than 30mm.
  • Each sub-diffusion area 161 The second diffraction microstructure layer 170 in the microstructure can have different duty ratios and groove depths, and the light diffraction efficiency can be modulated through different duty ratios and groove depths, thereby assisting in the spatial distribution of light energy.
  • the uniform light area 160 includes 2 to 10 sub-light uniform areas 161 .
  • the uniform light area 160 includes 6 sub-light uniform areas 161 .
  • the distance between two adjacent sub-diffusion areas 161 is 5 mm to 25 mm.
  • the distance between two adjacent sub-diffusion areas 161 is 5 mm.
  • the distance between two adjacent sub-areas 161 is 10 mm.
  • the distance between two adjacent sub-diffusion areas 161 is 25 mm.
  • the number of sub-diffusion areas 161 included in the even-light area 160 and the spacing between two adjacent sub-areas 161 are not limited to the above situation, and can also be other situations, which are not limited here.
  • the uniform light area 160 is provided with at least one hole area 162 , and the aperture of the hole area 162 is not greater than 30 mm.
  • the second diffraction microstructure layer 170 will be provided only in the area of the uniform light area 160 except the hole area 162 , that is, the second diffraction microstructure layer 170 will not be provided in the hole area 162 .
  • the light is totally reflected in the hole area 162 in the uniform light area 160, and the propagation direction and energy do not change.
  • the light is diffracted in areas other than the hole area 162, and part of the energy of the light is transmitted to other directions to participate in energy redistribution.
  • the combination of these two modes in the uniform light area 160 provides more degrees of freedom for the spatial redistribution of energy.
  • Waveguide display effect When a large number of fine hole areas 162 are used to optimize the structure of the uniform light area 160, better results can be achieved. Waveguide display effect.
  • the uniform light area 160 is provided with a plurality of hole areas 162.
  • the shapes and sizes of the multiple hole areas 162 may be the same or different, and are not limited here.
  • the hole diameter of the hole area 162 is 5 mm to 25 mm.
  • the hole diameter of the hole area 162 is 5 mm.
  • the hole diameter of the hole area 162 is 10 mm.
  • the hole diameter of the hole area 162 is 25mm. It should be understood that the aperture size of the hole area 162 is not limited to the above situation, and can also be other situations, which are not limited here.
  • the uniform light area 160 is provided on the same side as the coupling area 120 , the turning area 130 and the outcoupling area 140 .
  • the uniform light area 160 is provided between the turning area 130 and the outcoupling area 140 and is closely adjacent to the turning area 130 and the outcoupling area 140 . That is, the gap between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 and the decoupling area 140 is zero.
  • the uniform light area 160 is provided between the turning area 130 and the outcoupling area 140 and is spaced apart from the turning area 130 and the outcoupling area 140 .
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 is not greater than 40 mm, and the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the outcoupling area 140 is not greater than 40 mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 is 10 mm ⁇ 30 mm
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the coupling area 140 is 10 mm ⁇ 30 mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 is 10 mm, and the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the coupling area 140 is 10 mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 is 20 mm, and the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the coupling area 140 is 20 mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 is 30 mm, and the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the coupling area 140 is 30 mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 and the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the decoupling area 140 are not limited to the above numerical values, and may also be other numerical values, where No restrictions.
  • the uniform light area 160 is provided between the turning area 130 and the decoupling area 140 , and the uniform light area 160 is closely adjacent to the turning area 130 . That is to say, the gap between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 is zero; the uniform light area 160 and the outcoupling area 140 are spaced apart, and the uniform light area 160 and the outcoupling area 140 are spaced apart.
  • the distance between 140 and 140 is not greater than 40mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the coupling area 140 is 10 mm to 30 mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the coupling area 140 is 10 mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the coupling area 140 is 20 mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the coupling area 140 is 30 mm. It should be understood that the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the outcoupling area 140 is not limited to the above numerical value, and can also be other numerical values, which are not limited here.
  • the uniform light area 160 is provided between the turning area 130 and the outcoupling area 140 , and the uniform light area 160 is closely adjacent to the outcoupling area 140 , that is, the gap between the uniform light area 160 and the decoupling area 140 is zero, the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 are spaced apart, and the uniform light area 160 and the turning area are The distance between 130 and 130 is not greater than 40mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 is 10 mm to 30 mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 is 10 mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 is 20 mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 is 30 mm. It should be understood that the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 is not limited to the above numerical value, and can also be other numerical values, which are not limited here.
  • the uniform light area 160 is arranged on opposite sides of the coupling area 120 , the turning area 130 and the outcoupling area 140 .
  • the uniform light area 160 is provided between the turning area 130 and the outcoupling area 140 and is in the axial direction with the turning area 130 and the outcoupling area 140 . closely adjacent. That is, the gap in the axial direction between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 and the coupling area 140 is zero.
  • the uniform light area 160 is provided between the turning area 130 and the outcoupling area 140 and is in the axial direction with the turning area 130 and the outcoupling area 140 .
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 is not greater than 40 mm, and the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the coupling area 140 is not greater than 40 mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 is 10 mm ⁇ 30 mm
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the coupling area 140 is 10 mm ⁇ 30 mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 is 10 mm, and the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the coupling area 140 is 10 mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 is 20 mm, and the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the coupling area 140 is 20 mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 is 30 mm, and the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the coupling area 140 is 30 mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 and the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the decoupling area 140 are not limited to the above numerical values, and may also be other numerical values, where No restrictions.
  • the uniform light area 160 is provided between the turning area 130 and the decoupling area 140 , and the even light area 160 is closely adjacent to the turning area 130 in the axial direction. That is, the gap in the axial direction between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 is zero; the uniform light area 160 and the coupling area 140 are spaced apart in the axial direction, and the uniform light area 160 and the decoupling area 140 are spaced apart from each other in the axial direction.
  • the distance between the coupling-out areas 140 is no greater than 40 mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the coupling area 140 is 10 mm to 30 mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the coupling area 140 is 10 mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the coupling area 140 is 20 mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the coupling area 140 is 30 mm. It should be understood that the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the outcoupling area 140 is not limited to the above numerical value, and can also be other numerical values, which are not limited here.
  • the uniform light area 160 is provided between the turning area 130 and the outcoupling area 140, and the uniform light area 160 is closely adjacent to the outcoupling area 140 in the axial direction. That is to say, the gap in the axial direction between the uniform light area 160 and the coupling area 140 is zero; the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 are spaced apart in the axial direction, and the uniform light area 160 The distance from the turning area 130 is not greater than 40 mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 is 10 mm to 30 mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 is 10 mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 is 20 mm.
  • the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 is 30 mm. It should be understood that the distance between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 is not limited to the above numerical value, and can also be other numerical values, which are not limited here.
  • the uniform light area 160 is provided between the turning area 130 and the decoupling area 140 , and the uniform light area 160 is connected to the turning area 130 and the decoupling area 140 . At least one of the coupling-out regions 140 is arranged to overlap in the axial direction.
  • the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130 are arranged to overlap.
  • the uniform light area 160 and the decoupling area 140 are arranged to overlap.
  • the uniform light area 160 overlaps with the turning area 130 and the decoupling area 140 .
  • the length of the overlap between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area 130, the overlapping length of the uniform light area 160 and the outcoupling area 140, the length of the overlap between the uniform light area 160 and the turning area is 0 to 100 mm.
  • the area 130 and the decoupling area 140 each overlap by a length of 50 mm. It should be understood that the above-mentioned overlapping length is not limited to the above-mentioned numerical value, and can also be other numerical values, which are not limited here.
  • This embodiment also provides an optical device (not shown in the figure, the same applies below), including a micro-image source and the above-mentioned diffraction light waveguide structure 100. Since the diffraction light waveguide structure 100 has been described in detail above, it will not be described again here.
  • This embodiment also provides a near-eye display device (not shown in the figure, the same below), including the above-mentioned optical device.
  • this embodiment provides a diffraction optical waveguide structure 100, which includes a light guide layer 110 and a coupling-in region 120, a turning region 130 and an out-coupling region arranged on the light-guiding layer 110 and sequentially along the direction of the optical path. 140.
  • the coupling-in area 120, the turning area 130 and the out-coupling area 140 are each provided with a first diffractive microstructure layer 150.
  • the diffraction light waveguide structure 100 also includes a uniform light area 160.
  • the uniform light area 160 is provided between the turning area 130 and the outcoupling area 140.
  • the uniform light area 160 is provided with a second diffractive microstructure.
  • the second diffraction microstructure layer 170 is used to spatially redistribute the energy of light to improve the uniformity and brightness of the light emitted from the outcoupling region 140 .
  • This embodiment also provides an optical device, including a micro-image source and the above-mentioned diffraction light waveguide structure 100.
  • This embodiment also provides a near-eye display device, including the above-mentioned optical device.
  • a uniform light area 160 is provided between the turning area 130 and the outcoupling area 140. The light output from the turning area 130 can be ejected before entering the outcoupling area 140.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种衍射光波导结构（100）、光学装置以及近眼显示设备。衍射光波导结构（100）包括导光层（110）和设于导光层（110）上且沿光路方向依次设置的耦入区（120）、转折区（130）以及耦出区（140），耦入区（120）、转折区（130）以及耦出区（140）均设有第一衍射微结构层（150），衍射光波导结构（100）还包括匀光区（160），匀光区（160）设于转折区（130）和耦出区（140）之间，匀光区（160）设有第二衍射微结构层（170），第二衍射微结构层（170）用于对光线进行空间上的能量重新分配，以提升耦出区（140）出射光的均匀性和亮度。在转折区（130）和耦出区（140）之间设置匀光区（160），并利用匀光区（160）设置的第二衍射微结构层（170）对光线进行空间上的能量重新分配，使得从耦出区（140）传播出来的出射光的能量得到提升，从而提升波导显示的均匀性，并提高了整体亮度。

Description

一种衍射光波导结构、光学装置以及近眼显示设备 技术领域
本申请涉及光学技术领域，更具体地说，是涉及一种衍射光波导结构、光学装置以及近眼显示设备。
背景技术
光波导是一种可将信号光束缚在其内部，并使信号光朝着特定方向传输的器件，同时光波导具有良好的透光性。基于这些特性，光波导可以作为增强现实(AR)近眼显示设备的显示器。光波导将投影光机投出的信号光定向传输到人眼中，因此人眼可以看到待显示图像20，又因光波导具有良好的透光性，人眼还可以清晰看到波导后的真实环境，因此人眼最终看到的是待显示图像20和真实环境的融合。
光波导按照不同的实现原理可分为几何光波导，衍射光波导等种类。衍射光波导因其厚度薄、重量轻、透光性好等优点，逐渐成为增强现实(AR)近眼显示装置中显示器的优选方案。请参阅图1，衍射光波导10包括一层波导层11以及设于波导层11表面的衍射微结构层12，在波导层11表面，靠近投影光机处的区域为耦入区111，靠近人眼的区域为耦出区112，耦入区111和耦出区112之间可以存在转折区113，耦入区111、转折区113和耦出区112的衍射微结构可以在波导层11的同一表面、也可分别位于波导层11的两个表面，图1所示的衍射光波导10的耦入区111、转折区113、耦出区112的衍射微结构位于波导层11的同一表面。
耦入区111的衍射微结构利用光的衍射、将光机出射的部分信号光耦合入波导层11内，转折区113和耦出区112衍射微结构利用光的衍射可以将在其中传输的一束光线在两个维度上进行分束和扩展，这样从耦入区111入射的一束光在经过波导传输和耦出后将被扩展成多个光束，即出瞳扩展。请参阅图2，光线传播过程，对于存在转折区113的波导，这些光束在波导层11内经过转折区113和全反射传输至耦出区112，耦出区112的衍射微结构层，利用光的衍射将波导层11内传输的光耦合出波导层11，耦合出波导层11的光入射至人眼，在视网膜上形成待显示图像20。
对于特定传播角度的光线和固定周期的衍射微结构，转折区113衍射微结构和耦出区112衍射微结构的衍射效率是固定的，这就导致光线在分束传播过程中能量的衰减。请参阅图3，R0为入射信号光，假设其能量为1，转折区113衍射微结构对该光线的1级衍射效率 为α(α<1)，则转折光线R1，R2和R3的能量为α，(1-α)α和(1-α)2α，可见其能量是递减的。在耦出区112同理，耦出区112衍射微结构对应的出射光线级次衍射效率为β(β<1)，则耦出光线R11，R12和R13的能量为αβ，α(1-β)β和α(1-β)2β，其能量也是递减的，图3中，所有耦出光线的相对能量大小用光线长度表示，呈现出从耦出区112左上角向耦出区112右下角依次衰减的趋势，这将导致波导显示图像30时出现亮度不均匀的问题(请参阅图4)。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种衍射光波导结构、光学装置以及近眼显示设备，以解决现有技术中波导显示图像时出现亮度不均匀的技术问题。
为实现上述目的，本申请采用的技术方案是：
第一方面，本申请提供一种衍射光波导结构，包括导光层和设于所述导光层上且沿光路方向依次设置的耦入区、转折区以及耦出区，所述耦入区、所述转折区以及所述耦出区均设有第一衍射微结构层；
所述衍射光波导结构还包括匀光区，所述匀光区设于所述转折区和所述耦出区之间，所述匀光区设有第二衍射微结构层，所述第二衍射微结构层用于对光线进行空间上的能量重新分配，以提升所述耦出区出射光的均匀性和亮度。
根据上述的衍射光波导结构，所述匀光区为直边围成的区域，或者，所述匀光区为弧边围成的区域。
根据上述的衍射光波导结构，所述匀光区包括多个子匀光区，多个所述子匀光区间隔设置，且相邻的两个所述子匀光区的间距不大于30mm。
根据上述的衍射光波导结构，所述匀光区设有至少一个孔洞区，所述孔洞区的孔径不大于30mm。
根据上述的衍射光波导结构，所述匀光区与所述耦入区、所述转折区以及所述耦出区同侧设置。
根据上述的衍射光波导结构，所述匀光区设于所述转折区和所述耦出区之间并与所述转折区和所述耦出区紧密相邻；
或者，所述匀光区设于所述转折区和所述耦出区之间并与所述转折区和所述耦出区间隔设置，所述匀光区与所述转折区的间距不大于40mm，所述匀光区与所述耦出区的间距不大于40mm；
或者，所述匀光区设于所述转折区和所述耦出区之间，所述匀光区与所述转折区紧密相邻，所述匀光区与所述耦出区间隔设置，且所述匀光区与所述耦出区的间距不大于40mm；
或者，所述匀光区设于所述转折区和所述耦出区之间，所述匀光区与所述耦出区紧密相邻，所述匀光区与所述转折区间隔设置，且所述匀光区与所述转折区的间距不大于40mm。
根据上述的衍射光波导结构，所述匀光区与所述耦入区、所述转折区以及所述耦出区异侧设置。
根据上述的衍射光波导结构，所述匀光区设于所述转折区和所述耦出区之间并与所述转折区和所述耦出区在轴向上紧密相邻；
或者，所述匀光区设于所述转折区和所述耦出区之间并与所述转折区和所述耦出区在轴向上间隔设置，所述匀光区与所述转折区的间距不大于40mm，所述匀光区与所述耦出区的间距不大于40mm；
或者，所述匀光区设于所述转折区和所述耦出区之间，所述匀光区与所述转折区在轴向上紧密相邻，所述匀光区与所述耦出区在轴向上间隔设置，且所述匀光区与所述耦出区的间距不大于40mm；
或者，所述匀光区设于所述转折区和所述耦出区之间，所述匀光区与所述耦出区在轴向上紧密相邻，所述匀光区与所述转折区在轴向上间隔设置，且所述匀光区与所述转折区的间距不大于40mm；
或者，所述匀光区设于所述转折区和所述耦出区之间，且所述匀光区与所述转折区和所述耦出区中至少一个在轴向上交叠设置。
第二方面，本申请还提供一种光学装置，包括微像源以及上述的衍射光波导结构。
第三方面，本申请还提供一种近眼显示设备，包括上述的光学装置。
本申请提供的衍射光波导结构、光学装置以及近眼显示设备的有益效果至少在于：
本申请提供的衍射光波导结构、光学装置以及近眼显示设备，在转折区和耦出区之间设置匀光区，从转折区输出的光可以在进入耦出区前全部地或部分地经过匀光区，并利用匀光区设置的第二衍射微结构层对光线进行空间上的能量重新分配，使得从耦出区传播出来的出射光的能量得到提升，从而提升波导显示的均匀性，并提高了整体亮度，进而具有更好的显示效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为现有技术提供的衍射光波导的结构示意图；
图2为现有技术提供的衍射光波导的光路传播过程的结构示意图；
图3为现有技术提供的衍射光波导在分束传播过程中能量衰减的结构示意图；
图4为现有技术提供的衍射光波导在波导显示图像时出现亮度不均匀的结构示意图；
图5a为本申请实施例提供的衍射光波导结构的结构示意图一；
图5b为本申请实施例提供的衍射光波导结构的结构示意图二；
图5c为本申请实施例提供的衍射光波导结构的结构示意图三；
图6为本申请实施例提供的衍射光波导结构的结构示意图四；
图7为本申请实施例提供的衍射光波导结构的结构示意图五；
图8为本申请实施例提供的衍射光波导结构的结构示意图六；
图9为本申请实施例提供的衍射光波导结构的结构示意图七；
图10为本申请实施例提供的衍射光波导结构的结构示意图八；
图11为本申请实施例提供的衍射光波导结构的结构示意图九；
图12为本申请实施例提供的衍射光波导结构的结构示意图十；
图13为本申请实施例提供的衍射光波导结构的结构示意图十一。
其中，图中各附图标记：
100、衍射光波导结构；110、导光层；120、耦入区；130、转折区；140、耦出区；150、第一衍射微结构层；160、匀光区；161、子匀光区；162、孔洞区；170、第二衍射微结构层。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请所要解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。
需要说明的是，当部件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个部件，它可以直接或者间接位于该另一个部件上。当一个部件被称为“连接于”另一个部件，它可以是直接或者间接连接至该另一个部件上。术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“前”、“后”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置为基于附图所示的方位或位置，仅是为了便于描述，不能理解为对本技术方案的限制。术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于便于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明技术特征的数量。“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
请参阅图5，本实施例提供了一种衍射光波导结构100，包括导光层110和设于导光层 110上且沿光路方向依次设置的耦入区120、转折区130以及耦出区140，所述耦入区120、所述转折区130以及所述耦出区140均设有第一衍射微结构层150。所述衍射光波导结构100还包括匀光区160，所述匀光区160设于所述转折区130和所述耦出区140之间，所述匀光区160设有第二衍射微结构层170，所述第二衍射微结构层170用于对光线进行空间上的能量重新分配，以提升所述耦出区140出射光的均匀性和亮度。
本实施例提供的衍射光波导结构100的工作原理如下：
本实施例提供的衍射光波导结构100，在转折区130和耦出区140之间设置匀光区160，从转折区130输出的光可以在进入耦出区140前全部地或部分地经过匀光区160，并利用匀光区160设置的第二衍射微结构层170对光线进行空间上的能量重新分配。具体的分配原理为：匀光区160对光线的分配和转折区130对光线的分配原理相同，都是令入射到该区域的光一部分按照原路径传播，另一部分朝设定方向传播，如图5中，匀光区160只会将入射的光向右和向下两个方向分配，且耦出区140的某个位置既有实线箭头的出射光又有虚线箭头的出射光意味着该处的光线强度有得到增强，实现提升每个视场光线的亮度最小值。可见，从耦出区140传播出来的出射光的能量得到了提升，从而提升波导显示的均匀性和整体的亮度，使波导具有更好的显示效果。应当理解的是，提升波导显示的均匀性是指让不同入射角度的光线到人眼时亮度尽可能一致，而不是让单一角度光线在耦出区140各个位置亮度一致，且亮度尽可能高。
本实施例提供的衍射光波导结构100的有益效果至少在于：
本实施例提供的衍射光波导结构100，在转折区130和耦出区140之间设置匀光区160，从转折区130输出的光可以在进入耦出区140前全部地或部分地经过匀光区160，并利用匀光区160设置的第二衍射微结构层170对光线进行空间上的能量重新分配，使得从耦出区140传播出来的出射光的能量得到提升，从而提升波导显示的均匀性，并提高了整体亮度，进而具有更好的显示效果。
在一个实施例中，请参阅图5至图7，所述匀光区160为直边围成的区域。例如：匀光区160为规则的或不规则的四边形。应当理解的是，直边围成的匀光区160还可以是其他形状，并不限于为上述情形，此处不作限制。
在一个实施例中，请参阅图8，所述匀光区160为弧边围成的区域。例如：弧边围成的匀光区160为椭圆形或者云朵形。应当理解的是，匀光区160还可以是其他形状，并不限于为上述情形，此处不作限制。
在一个实施例中，请参阅图9，所述匀光区160包括多个子匀光区161，多个所述子匀光区161间隔设置，且相邻的两个所述子匀光区161的间距不大于30mm。每个子匀光区161 内的第二衍射微结构层170可以具有不同的占空比和槽深，通过不同的占空比和槽深实现对光线衍射效率的调制，从而辅助对光线能量在空间上的分配。
可选的是，所述匀光区160包括2～10个子匀光区161。可选的是，所述匀光区160包括6个子匀光区161。
可选的是，相邻的两个所述子匀光区161的间距为5mm～25mm。可选的是，相邻的两个所述子匀光区161的间距为5mm。可选的是，相邻的两个所述子匀光区161的间距为10mm。可选的是，相邻的两个所述子匀光区161的间距为25mm。
应当理解的是，匀光区160包括的子匀光区161的数量以及相邻的两个子匀光区161的间距并不限于为上述情形，还可以是其他情形，此处不作限制。
在一个实施例中，请参阅图10，所述匀光区160设有至少一个孔洞区162，所述孔洞区162的孔径不大于30mm。应当理解的是，匀光区160除孔洞区162以外的区域才会设置第二衍射微结构层170，也即在孔洞区162区域不会设置第二衍射微结构层170。光线在匀光区160内的孔洞区162内发生全反射，传播方向和能量不发生改变，光线在除孔洞区162以外的区域发生衍射，光线的一部分能量被传输到其他方向参与能量再分配。匀光区160内的这两种模式结合一起，给能量的空间再分配提供了更多的自由度，当使用大量细密的孔洞区162进行匀光区160的结构优化时，可以到更好的波导显示效果。
可选的是，所述匀光区160设有多个孔洞区162，多个孔洞区162之间的形状、大小可以相同，也可以不同，此处不作限制。
可选的是，所述孔洞区162的孔径为5mm～25mm。可选的是，孔洞区162的孔径为5mm。可选的是，孔洞区162的孔径为10mm。可选的是，孔洞区162的孔径为25mm。应当理解的是，孔洞区162的孔径大小并不限于为上述情形，还可以是其他情形，此处不作限制。
在一个实施例中，所述匀光区160与所述耦入区120、所述转折区130以及所述耦出区140同侧设置。
在一个实施例中，所述匀光区160设于所述转折区130和所述耦出区140之间并与所述转折区130和所述耦出区140紧密相邻。也即所述匀光区160与所述转折区130和所述耦出区140之间的间隙为零。
在一个实施例中，请参阅图5，所述匀光区160设于所述转折区130和所述耦出区140之间并与所述转折区130和所述耦出区140间隔设置，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130的间距不大于40mm，所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140的间距不大于40mm。
不同角度入射光1和入射光2在转折区130和耦出区140之间传播时，其传播方向不尽相同，如图5b/5c所示。同样的匀光区160放置在不同位置其影响的光线可能不同，不同的 匀光区160放在不同的位置其影响的光线可能相同，如图5b/5c的匀光区160大小位置都不同，但对两个入射光1和入射光2的作用是一样的，因此，图5c方案因具有更小的加工面积而比图5b方案有更低的成本。
可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130的间距为10mm～30mm，所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140的间距为10mm～30mm。
可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130的间距为10mm，所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140的间距为10mm。
可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130的间距为20mm，所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140的间距为20mm。
可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130的间距为30mm，所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140的间距为30mm。
应当理解的是，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130的间距和所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140的间距并不限于为上述数值，还可以是其他数值，此处不作限制。
在一个实施例中，请参阅图6，所述匀光区160设于所述转折区130和所述耦出区140之间，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130紧密相邻，也即所述匀光区160与所述转折区130之间的间隙为零；所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140间隔设置，且所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140的间距不大于40mm。
可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140的间距为10mm～30mm。可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140的间距为10mm。可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140的间距为20mm。可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140的间距为30mm。应当理解的是，所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140的间距并不限于为上述数值，还可以是其他数值，此处不作限制。
在一个实施例中，请参阅图7，所述匀光区160设于所述转折区130和所述耦出区140之间，所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140紧密相邻，也即所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140之间的间隙为零，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130间隔设置，且所述匀光区160与所述转折区130的间距不大于40mm。
可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130的间距为10mm～30mm。可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130的间距为10mm。可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130的间距为20mm。可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130的间距为30mm。应当理解的是，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130的间距并不限于为上述数值，还可以是其他数值，此处不作限制。
在一个实施例中，所述匀光区160与所述耦入区120、所述转折区130以及所述耦出区140异侧设置。
在一个实施例中，请参阅图11，所述匀光区160设于所述转折区130和所述耦出区140之间并与所述转折区130和所述耦出区140在轴向上紧密相邻。也即所述匀光区160与所述转折区130和所述耦出区140在轴向上的间隙为零。
在一个实施例中，请参阅图12，所述匀光区160设于所述转折区130和所述耦出区140之间并与所述转折区130和所述耦出区140在轴向上间隔设置，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130的间距不大于40mm，所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140的间距不大于40mm。
可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130的间距为10mm～30mm，所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140的间距为10mm～30mm。
可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130的间距为10mm，所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140的间距为10mm。
可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130的间距为20mm，所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140的间距为20mm。
可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130的间距为30mm，所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140的间距为30mm。
应当理解的是，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130的间距和所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140的间距并不限于为上述数值，还可以是其他数值，此处不作限制。
在一个实施例中，所述匀光区160设于所述转折区130和所述耦出区140之间，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130在轴向上紧密相邻，也即所述匀光区160与所述转折区130在轴向上的间隙为零；所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140在轴向上间隔设置，且所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140的间距不大于40mm。
可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140的间距为10mm～30mm。可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140的间距为10mm。可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140的间距为20mm。可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140的间距为30mm。应当理解的是，所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140的间距并不限于为上述数值，还可以是其他数值，此处不作限制。
在一个实施例中，所述匀光区160设于所述转折区130和所述耦出区140之间，所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140在轴向上紧密相邻，也即所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140在轴向上的间隙为零；所述匀光区160与所述转折区130在轴向上间隔设置，且所述匀光区160与所述转折区130的间距不大于40mm。
可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130的间距为10mm～30mm。可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130的间距为10mm。可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130的间距为20mm。可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130的间距为30mm。应当理解的是，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130的间距并不限于为上述数值，还可以是其他数值，此处不作限制。
在一个实施例中，请参阅图13，所述匀光区160设于所述转折区130和所述耦出区140之间，且所述匀光区160与所述转折区130和所述耦出区140中至少一个在轴向上交叠设置。
可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130交叠设置。
可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140交叠设置。
可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130和所述耦出区140均交叠设置。
可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130交叠的长度、所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140交叠的长度、所述匀光区160与所述转折区130和所述耦出区140均交叠的长度为0～100mm。
可选的是，所述匀光区160与所述转折区130交叠的长度、所述匀光区160与所述耦出区140交叠的长度、所述匀光区160与所述转折区130和所述耦出区140均交叠的长度为50mm。应当理解的是，上述交叠长度并不限于为上述数值，还可以是其他数值，此处不作限制。
本实施例还提供一种光学装置(图中未示出，下同)，包括微像源以及上述的衍射光波导结构100。由于衍射光波导结构100已经在上文中进行详细描述，此处不再赘述。
本实施例还提供一种近眼显示设备(图中未示出，下同)，包括上述的光学装置。
综上所述，本实施例提供了一种衍射光波导结构100，包括导光层110和设于导光层110上且沿光路方向依次设置的耦入区120、转折区130以及耦出区140，所述耦入区120、所述转折区130以及所述耦出区140均设有第一衍射微结构层150。所述衍射光波导结构100还包括匀光区160，所述匀光区160设于所述转折区130和所述耦出区140之间，所述匀光区160设有第二衍射微结构层170，所述第二衍射微结构层170用于对光线进行空间上的能量重新分配，以提升所述耦出区140出射光的均匀性和亮度。本实施例还提供一种光学装置，包括微像源以及上述的衍射光波导结构100。本实施例还提供一种近眼显示设备，包括上述的光学装置。本实施例提供的衍射光波导结构100、光学装置以及近眼显示设备，在转折区130和耦出区140之间设置匀光区160，从转折区130输出的光可以在进入耦出区140前全部地或部分地经过匀光区160，并利用匀光区160设置的第二衍射微结构层170对光线进行空间上的能量重新分配，使得从耦出区140传播出来的出射光的能量得到提升，从而提升波 导显示的均匀性，并提高了整体亮度，进而具有更好的显示效果。
以上所述仅为本申请的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种衍射光波导结构，包括导光层和设于所述导光层上且沿光路方向依次设置的耦入区、转折区以及耦出区，所述耦入区、所述转折区以及所述耦出区均设有第一衍射微结构层，其特征在于：
    所述衍射光波导结构还包括匀光区，所述匀光区设于所述转折区和所述耦出区之间，所述匀光区设有第二衍射微结构层，所述第二衍射微结构层用于对光线进行空间上的能量重新分配，以提升所述耦出区出射光的均匀性和亮度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的衍射光波导结构，其特征在于，所述匀光区为直边围成的区域，或者，所述匀光区为弧边围成的区域。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的衍射光波导结构，其特征在于，所述匀光区包括多个子匀光区，多个所述子匀光区间隔设置，且相邻的两个所述子匀光区的间距不大于30mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的衍射光波导结构，其特征在于，所述匀光区设有至少一个孔洞区，所述孔洞区的孔径不大于30mm。
  5. 根据权利要求1～4任一项所述的衍射光波导结构，其特征在于，所述匀光区与所述耦入区、所述转折区以及所述耦出区同侧设置。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的衍射光波导结构，其特征在于，所述匀光区设于所述转折区和所述耦出区之间并与所述转折区和所述耦出区紧密相邻；
    或者，所述匀光区设于所述转折区和所述耦出区之间并与所述转折区和所述耦出区间隔设置，所述匀光区与所述转折区的间距不大于40mm，所述匀光区与所述耦出区的间距不大于40mm；
    或者，所述匀光区设于所述转折区和所述耦出区之间，所述匀光区与所述转折区紧密相邻，所述匀光区与所述耦出区间隔设置，且所述匀光区与所述耦出区的间距不大于40mm；
    或者，所述匀光区设于所述转折区和所述耦出区之间，所述匀光区与所述耦出区紧密相邻，所述匀光区与所述转折区间隔设置，且所述匀光区与所述转折区的间距不大于40mm。
  7. 根据权利要求1～4任一项所述的衍射光波导结构，其特征在于，所述匀光区与所述耦入区、所述转折区以及所述耦出区异侧设置。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的衍射光波导结构，其特征在于，所述匀光区设于所述转折区和所述耦出区之间并与所述转折区和所述耦出区在轴向上紧密相邻；
    或者，所述匀光区设于所述转折区和所述耦出区之间并与所述转折区和所述耦出区在轴向上间隔设置，所述匀光区与所述转折区的间距不大于40mm，所述匀光区与所述耦出区的间距不大于40mm；
    或者，所述匀光区设于所述转折区和所述耦出区之间，所述匀光区与所述转折区在轴向 上紧密相邻，所述匀光区与所述耦出区在轴向上间隔设置，且所述匀光区与所述耦出区的间距不大于40mm；
    或者，所述匀光区设于所述转折区和所述耦出区之间，所述匀光区与所述耦出区在轴向上紧密相邻，所述匀光区与所述转折区在轴向上间隔设置，且所述匀光区与所述转折区的间距不大于40mm；
    或者，所述匀光区设于所述转折区和所述耦出区之间，且所述匀光区与所述转折区和所述耦出区中至少一个在轴向上交叠设置。
  9. 一种光学装置，其特征在于，包括微像源以及权利要求1～8任一项所述的衍射光波导结构。
  10. 一种近眼显示设备，其特征在于，包括权利要求9所述的光学装置。
PCT/CN2023/100751 2022-06-28 2023-06-16 一种衍射光波导结构、光学装置以及近眼显示设备 WO2024001830A1 (zh)

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