WO2024001306A1 - 海底电缆的生产系统、海底电缆的生产方法及海底电缆 - Google Patents

海底电缆的生产系统、海底电缆的生产方法及海底电缆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024001306A1
WO2024001306A1 PCT/CN2023/081448 CN2023081448W WO2024001306A1 WO 2024001306 A1 WO2024001306 A1 WO 2024001306A1 CN 2023081448 W CN2023081448 W CN 2023081448W WO 2024001306 A1 WO2024001306 A1 WO 2024001306A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
production
submarine cable
sheath
armor
submarine
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/081448
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
严彦
李盛涛
张洪亮
闫志雨
林峰
于洪淼
杜青
陈杰
张硕
郝银
刘利刚
胡明
Original Assignee
中天科技海缆股份有限公司
南海海缆有限公司
中天大丰海缆有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中天科技海缆股份有限公司, 南海海缆有限公司, 中天大丰海缆有限公司 filed Critical 中天科技海缆股份有限公司
Publication of WO2024001306A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024001306A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/14—Submarine cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
    • H01B13/26—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by winding, braiding or longitudinal lapping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
    • H01B13/26—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by winding, braiding or longitudinal lapping
    • H01B13/2613—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by winding, braiding or longitudinal lapping by longitudinal lapping
    • H01B13/262—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by winding, braiding or longitudinal lapping by longitudinal lapping of an outer metallic screen

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of submarine cables. Specifically, it relates to a submarine cable production system, a submarine cable production method and a submarine cable.
  • submarine cables in the industry need to replace steel wires during the armoring production process. Since replacing steel wires often takes several hours, submarine cables that have been produced by extruding lead sleeves and sheaths cannot be armored in time, that is, extruding lead sleeves and sheaths. Production and armoring production cannot be synchronized, resulting in the need for multiple cable reversals during the production process, which can easily cause damage to submarine cables.
  • the main purpose of this application is to provide a submarine cable production system, a submarine cable production method and a submarine cable.
  • the lead extrusion sheath and sheath production equipment and armor production equipment of the submarine cable production system can be produced simultaneously, and can This avoids the need to rewind the cable multiple times during the production process, which can easily cause damage to the submarine cable.
  • a production system for submarine cables includes: cross-linking production equipment arranged in sequence for forming a conductor shielding layer, an insulation layer and an insulating shielding layer outside the conductor.
  • the ground turntable includes a base , introduction part and reel-out part, the introduction part is used to introduce the first submarine cable semi-finished product that has been processed by the lead extrusion sheath and sheath production equipment into the reel-out part, and the reel-out part is used to store or export the first submarine cable semi-finished product; the import part Both the inlet and the disc-out part are rotatably arranged on the base, and the inlet part is rotatable relative to the disc-out part.
  • the introduction part includes: a vertical bracket, connected to the base; a transverse bracket, fixedly arranged on the vertical bracket, and an introduction piece is provided at one end of the transverse bracket away from the vertical bracket, and the introduction piece is used to insert the first submarine cable semi-finished product Introduce the disc output part.
  • the disc outlet includes at least two simple structures and at least one turntable.
  • the disc outlet includes at least two simple structures and at least one turntable.
  • the disc outlet is provided on the side wall of each simple structure. ;
  • the turntable is rotatably arranged relative to the base.
  • the two adjacent simple structures and the corresponding turntables together form a cable coiling space; the introduction piece is used to connect the third
  • a semi-finished product of the submarine cable is introduced into the innermost cable coiling space.
  • the cable coiling space is connected with the coil exit.
  • the first submarine cable semi-finished product is exported through the outermost coil exit.
  • the production system also includes rapid degassing equipment, which is located in the cross-linking production equipment and the lead extrusion sleeve and Between the sheath production equipment, the rapid degassing equipment is used to quickly degas the second submarine cable semi-finished product after being processed by the cross-linking production equipment; the rapid degassing equipment includes: an outer casing, with an inlet and an outlet provided on the outer casing.
  • the outer shell surrounds a degassing space, and both the inlet and the outlet are connected to the degassing space; at least two guide pulley assemblies are arranged in the degassing space at intervals, and the guide pulley assemblies are used to support the second submarine cable semi-finished product; the heating assembly is provided in In the degassing space, the heating component is used to heat the air in the degassing space.
  • the guide wheel assembly is annular, and at least two guide wheel assemblies are arranged at intervals along the center of the guide wheel assembly toward the outside.
  • the inlet is corresponding to the innermost guide wheel assembly, and the outlet is corresponding to the outermost guide wheel assembly.
  • the heating component includes an outer heating structure and an inner heating structure.
  • the outer heating structure is set on the outer periphery of the outermost guide wheel assembly to heat from the outside inward.
  • the inner heating structure is set in the annular cavity of the innermost guide wheel assembly. , to heat from the inside out.
  • the outer heating structure includes a fan and a heating box.
  • the fan is connected to the heating box.
  • the fan is used to guide the air in the degassing space to the heating box.
  • the heating box is used to heat the air.
  • the heated air can pass through the outlet of the heating box.
  • Discharged into the degassing space; and/or the heating assembly includes at least two outer heating structures, and the at least two outer heating structures are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the outermost guide wheel assembly.
  • the rapid degassing equipment also includes an inner shell.
  • the inner shell is arranged in the annular cavity of the innermost guide wheel assembly.
  • the inner shell and the outer shell together form a degassing space.
  • the inner shell is provided with an outlet.
  • the air outlet and the inner cavity of the inner shell are connected to the degassing space through the air outlet; the inner heating structure is provided on the inner shell to provide hot air into the inner cavity of the inner shell.
  • a fan is provided on the top wall of the outer shell, and the fan is used to blow the hot air located above the degassing space downward; and/or, seals are provided at both the inlet and the outlet, and the submarine cable passes through the inlet and outlet. Always seal with seals.
  • a method for producing submarine cables uses the above-mentioned production system of submarine cables to produce submarine cables.
  • the production method includes: forming a conductor shielding layer, an insulating layer and an insulating shielding layer outside the conductor.
  • the ground turntable circulation step includes: synchronously rotating the introduction part and the disk exit part, and extruding the lead sleeve and sheath
  • the production speed of the production step is the same as the first adjustment step to store the first submarine cable semi-finished product in the coiling part.
  • the ground turntable circulation step includes: making the lead-out speed of the disc outlet part the same as the production speed of the armoring production step, and making the lead extrusion sleeve and sheath production step The sum of the speed and the introduction speed of the introduction part is equal to the second adjustment step of the lead-out speed of the coil-out part, so as to guide the armor production equipment of the first submarine cable semi-finished product stored in the coil-out part during the replacement of armor wires. Production.
  • the production speed of the lead extrusion sheath and sheath production steps, the introduction speed of the introduction part , the lead-out speed of the disc outlet is the same as the production speed of the armor production step.
  • the production method of submarine cables also includes a conductor pay-out step, a wrapping production step and a finished cable take-up step.
  • the conductor pay-out step is located before the cross-linking production step
  • the wrapping production step is located before the cross-linking production step.
  • the finished cable winding step is located after the armor production step; and/or the rapidly degassing insulating material is cross-linked polyethylene.
  • a submarine cable is provided.
  • the submarine cable is prepared by using the above-mentioned submarine cable production method.
  • the cross-linking production equipment is used to form a conductor shielding layer, an insulation layer and an insulating shielding layer outside the conductor.
  • Lead extrusion sheath and sheath production equipment is used to sequentially form lead sheaths and sheaths outside the insulation shielding layer.
  • Armor production equipment is used to form the armor layer outside the sheath.
  • the semi-finished products of the first submarine cable need to be transferred and stored on the ground carousel after the production is completed to ensure that the lead sleeves and The sheath production equipment can still operate normally, so that the cross-linking production equipment, the lead extrusion sheath and sheath production equipment and the armor production equipment can be produced simultaneously, without the need to separate submarine cable cross-linking production, lead extrusion sheath and sheath production,
  • the armoring production is carried out separately, which can avoid the need for multiple cable reversing during the production process, which can easily cause damage to the submarine cable.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic flow diagram of an embodiment of a submarine cable production system according to the present application
  • FIG 2 shows another flow diagram of the production system of the submarine cable of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 shows a front view of the georotary table of the submarine cable production system of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 shows a top view of the geoswivel disk of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional view of the rapid degassing equipment of the submarine cable production system of Figure 2;
  • Figure 6 shows a top view of the rapid degassing device of Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of the submarine cable guide wheel structure of the rapid degassing equipment of Figure 5.
  • Figure 8 shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a submarine cable according to the present application.
  • the directional words used such as “upper, lower, top, and bottom” usually refer to the direction shown in the drawings, or to the vertical or vertical position of the component itself. Vertically or in the direction of gravity; similarly, for ease of understanding and description, “inside and outside” refers to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself, but the above directional terms are not used to limit this application.
  • this application and its embodiments provide a submarine cable production system, a submarine cable production method and a submarine cable.
  • the submarine cable production system includes cross-linking production equipment, lead extrusion sheath and sheath production equipment, ground turntable 10 and armor production equipment arranged in sequence.
  • the production equipment is used to form the conductor shielding layer, insulation layer and insulation shielding layer outside the conductor;
  • the lead extrusion sheath and sheath production equipment is used to form the lead sheath and sheath outside the insulation shielding layer in turn;
  • the armor production equipment is used to An armor layer is formed outside the sheath;
  • the ground turntable 10 includes a base, an introduction part 11 and a coiling out part 12.
  • the introduction part 11 is used to introduce the first submarine cable semi-finished product that has been processed by the lead extrusion sheath and sheath production equipment into the coiling out.
  • the coil-out part 12 is used to store or export the first submarine cable semi-finished product; the introduction part 11 and the coil-out part 12 are both rotatably arranged on the base, and the introduction part 11 is rotatable relative to the coil-out part 12.
  • the cross-linking production equipment is used to form the conductor shield, the insulation layer and the insulation shield outside the conductor.
  • Lead extrusion sheath and sheath production equipment is used to sequentially form lead sheaths and sheaths outside the insulation shielding layer.
  • Armor production equipment is used to form the armor layer outside the sheath.
  • the semi-finished products of the first submarine cable need to be transferred and stored through the ground turntable 10 after the production is completed to ensure the process of replacing the armor wires in the armor production equipment.
  • the medium-extrusion lead sheath and sheath production equipment can still operate normally, so that the cross-linking production equipment, the lead extrusion sheath and sheath production equipment and the armor production equipment can be produced simultaneously, without the need to cross-link the submarine cable production, lead extrusion sheathing It is carried out separately from sheath production and armor production. It can avoid the problem of multiple cable reversing during the production process, which can easily cause damage to the submarine cable.
  • the first submarine cable semi-finished products stored at the ground turntable 10 are transferred to the armoring production equipment for armoring production.
  • the base has the function of installing and supporting the introduction part 11 and the disk-out part 12 .
  • the introduction part 11 can introduce the first submarine cable semi-finished product into the coiling part 12.
  • the coiling part 12 can store the first submarine cable semi-finished product during the replacement of the armor wire. After the armor wire is replaced, the coiling part 12 can export the first submarine cable. Semi-finished products, the first submarine cable semi-finished products are transferred to armoring production equipment for armoring production.
  • the first submarine cable semi-finished product After the production of the first submarine cable semi-finished product is completed, it enters the reel-out part 12 through the introduction part 11 and is led out from the outside of the reel-out part 12 .
  • Both the introduction part 11 and the disk-out part 12 can rotate relative to the base, and relative rotation can occur between the introduction part 11 and the disk-out part 12, so that the introduction part 11 and the disk-out part 12 can be controlled according to the actual situation and actual needs.
  • the rotation speed improves production flexibility and adaptability. For example, during the process of replacing the armored wire, the first submarine cable semi-finished product needs to be stored in the coiling part 12. At this time, the introduction part 11 and the coiling part 12 can be rotated synchronously and coordinated with the lead extrusion sheath and sheath production equipment.
  • the first submarine cable semi-finished product processed by the lead extrusion sheath and sheath production equipment can be stored in the coiling section 12; or, after the armoring wire is replaced, it needs to be stored in the coiling section 12
  • the rotation speed of the coiling part 12 can be made to be the same as the production speed of the armor production equipment, and the introduction part 11 can be rotated relative to the coiling part 12, so that the lead extrusion sleeve and sheath production equipment
  • the sum of the production speed and the rotation speed of the introduction part 11 relative to the coiling part 12 is equal to the production speed of the armor production equipment, so that the first submarine cable semi-finished product stored at the coiling part 12 is gradually exported for armor production.
  • cross-linking production, lead extrusion sleeve and sheath production, and armoring production can be carried out simultaneously, reducing the submarine cable production cycle, reducing the submarine cable rewinding process, reducing submarine cable production risks, and improving production efficiency and production. production capacity and avoid the problem of damage to the surface quality of the cable caused by multiple cable reversals.
  • the first submarine cable semi-finished product is a sheathed core product with a sheath as the outermost layer, which is produced after being processed by lead extrusion sheathing and sheathing production equipment.
  • the introduction part 11 includes a vertical bracket 111, a transverse bracket 112 and an introduction piece.
  • the vertical bracket 111 is connected to the base; the transverse bracket 112 is fixedly provided on the vertical bracket 111 On the top, an end of the transverse bracket 112 away from the vertical bracket 111 is provided with an introduction piece, and the introduction piece is used to introduce the first submarine cable semi-finished product into the reel-out part 12 .
  • the vertical bracket 111 rotates relative to the base, driving the transverse bracket 112 and the introduction part to rotate, thereby achieving the purpose of the introduction part 11 being rotatable relative to the base.
  • the vertical bracket 111 and the transverse bracket 112 are used to support the introduction piece.
  • the purpose of introducing the first submarine cable semi-finished product into the reel-out part 12 can be achieved through the introduction piece.
  • the introduction part is a tic-tac-toe wheel.
  • the front end of the transverse bracket 112 is equipped with a tic-tac-toe wheel.
  • the tic-tac-toe wheel is welded by four iron guide wheels with a length of at least 0.5m to ensure that the first semi-finished submarine cable is in contact with the guide wheels when entering the ground turntable to avoid collision.
  • the first submarine cable semi-finished product caused damage.
  • the disc-out portion 12 includes at least two simple structures 121 and at least one A turntable 122 has at least two simple structures 121 arranged in sequence along the rotation center of the disc outlet 12 toward the outside.
  • Each simple structure 121 is provided with a disc outlet on the side wall; any two adjacent simple structures 121
  • the turntable 122 is rotatably arranged relative to the base.
  • Two adjacent simple structures 121 and the corresponding turntable 122 together form a cable coiling space 13; the introduction piece is used to introduce the first semi-finished submarine cable. Located in the innermost cable coiling space 13, the cable coiling space 13 is connected with the tray outlet, and the first submarine cable semi-finished product is led out through the outermost tray outlet.
  • the height of the simple structure 121 is greater than the outer diameter of the sheath. That is to say, the height of the simple structure 121 is greater than the outer diameter of the single-layer first submarine cable semi-finished product. This arrangement can greatly reduce the height of the turntable and reduce production costs.
  • the number of simple structures 121 is two, and the number of turntables 122 is one.
  • the two simple structures 121 form an annular space, and the turntable 122 is an annular turntable.
  • the number of simple structures 121 can also be made to at least three according to actual needs, and correspondingly, the number of turntables 122 is at least two.
  • the number of simple structures 121 is Three.
  • the number of turntables 122 is two.
  • the radial dimensions of the three simple structures 121 increase in sequence.
  • the radial dimensions of the two turntables 122 increase in sequence.
  • three simple structures 121 and two turntables 122 are arranged alternately in sequence.
  • the two turntables 122 are independent of each other and can rotate relative to the base.
  • the production system also includes rapid degassing equipment.
  • the rapid degassing equipment is located between the cross-linking production equipment and the lead extrusion sheath and sheath production equipment.
  • the rapid degassing equipment is used for The second submarine cable semi-finished product processed by the cross-linking production equipment is quickly degassed.
  • the rapid degassing equipment can quickly degas the second submarine cable semi-finished product produced after being processed by the cross-linking production equipment, thereby improving the quality of the submarine cable.
  • the second submarine cable semi-finished product is an insulated core product produced after being processed by cross-linking production equipment, and the outermost layer is an insulating shielding layer.
  • the turntable 10 further includes a first driving structure for driving the vertical bracket 111 to rotate relative to the base and a second driving structure for driving the turntable 122 to rotate relative to the base.
  • the rapid degassing equipment includes an outer shell 21, at least two guide wheel assemblies 22 and a heating assembly 23.
  • the outer shell 21 is provided with an inlet 211 and an outlet 212.
  • the body 21 surrounds a degassing space 213, and both the inlet 211 and the outlet 212 are connected to the degassing space 213; at least two guide pulley assemblies 22 are arranged at intervals in the degassing space 213, and the guide pulley assemblies 22 are used to support the second submarine cable semi-finished product ;
  • the heating component 23 is arranged in the degassing space 213, and the heating component 23 is used to heat the air in the degassing space 213.
  • the second submarine cable semi-finished product enters the degassing space 213 through the inlet 211, and is discharged through the outlet 212 after being degassed.
  • the guide wheel assembly 22 supports the second semi-finished submarine cable to facilitate degassing of the second semi-finished submarine cable.
  • At least two guide wheel assemblies 22 are arranged at intervals to stably support the second semi-finished submarine cable.
  • the heating component 23 is used to heat the air in the degassing space 213 to raise the temperature of the air in the degassing space 213, thereby degassing the second submarine cable semi-finished product, and realizing rapid degassing equipment for the second submarine cable semi-finished product. Degassing purpose.
  • the guide wheel assembly 22 is annular. Along the center of the guide wheel assembly 22 toward the outside, at least two guide wheel assemblies 22 are arranged in sequence.
  • the entrance 211 is connected to the innermost guide wheel.
  • the components 22 are arranged correspondingly, and the outlet 212 is arranged correspondingly to the outermost guide wheel assembly 22 .
  • the second semi-finished submarine cable enters the degassing space 213 through the inlet 211, and is gradually transmitted to the outermost guide pulley assembly 22 through the innermost guide pulley assembly 22.
  • the second semi-finished submarine cable is in the degassing space 213.
  • the inner spreading area is larger, which can improve the degassing efficiency.
  • the second submarine cable semi-finished product supported on the outermost guide wheel assembly 22 is finally exported through the outlet 212.
  • the guide pulley assembly 22 includes a plurality of submarine cable guide pulley structures 26 , and the plurality of submarine cable guide pulley structures 26 are arranged at intervals around the central axis of the guide pulley assembly 22 so as to An annular guide wheel assembly 22 is formed.
  • the submarine cable guide wheel structure 26 includes a guide wheel bracket 261, a limit guide wheel 262 and a support guide wheel 263.
  • the limit guide wheel 262 and the support guide wheel 263 work together to form a guide space.
  • the limit guide wheel 262 is used to guide the second sea cable.
  • the cable semi-finished product is limited to prevent the second submarine cable semi-finished product from deviating from the guide space during the production process and ensure that the second submarine cable semi-finished product moves along the guide space.
  • All submarine cable guide pulley structures 26 are placed in the outer casing 21 sequentially in an annular shape around the inner casing 24 .
  • the supporting guide wheel 263 is arranged on the guide wheel bracket 261 along the horizontal direction.
  • the supporting guide wheel 263 is rotatable relative to the guide wheel bracket 261.
  • the limiting guide wheel 262 is arranged on the guide wheel bracket 261 along the vertical direction.
  • the limiting guide wheel 262 It is rotatable relative to the guide wheel bracket 261.
  • Each guide wheel bracket 261 is provided with a corresponding support guide wheel 263.
  • Each guide wheel bracket 261 is provided with four limit guide wheels 262.
  • the four limit guide wheels 262 are arranged in rows and columns.
  • the guide wheel 263 is located between the two rows of limiting guide wheels 262 .
  • the second submarine cable semi-finished product slides with the support guide wheel 263 and the limiting guide wheel 262 to avoid damage.
  • the production speed of the cross-linking production equipment is x meters/hour
  • the time required for rapid degassing of the second submarine cable semi-finished product is n1 hours, that is, the rapid degassing equipment needs to meet the requirements of the second submarine cable.
  • the storage capacity of semi-finished cables is at least /or the number of submarine cable guide pulley structures 26 .
  • the heating assembly 23 includes an outer heating structure 231 and an inner heating structure 232 .
  • the outer heating structure 231 is provided on the outer periphery of the outermost guide wheel assembly 22 so as to radiate from the outside to the outside.
  • Internal heating, the inner heating structure 232 is provided in the annular cavity of the innermost guide wheel assembly 22 to heat from the inside to the outside.
  • the outer heating structure 231 is used for heating from the outside to the inside
  • the inner heating structure 232 is used for heating from the inside to the outside, so that the degassing efficiency can be improved.
  • the outer heating structure 231 includes a fan 233 and a heating box 234.
  • the fan 233 is connected with the heating box 234.
  • the fan 233 is used to guide the air in the degassing space 213 to the heating box 234.
  • the heating box 234 is used to heat the air, and the heated air can be discharged into the degassing space 213 through the outlet of the heating box.
  • the heated air can heat and degas the second submarine cable semi-finished product from outside to inside.
  • the specific structure of the inner heating structure 232 is the same as that of the outer heating structure 231, and will not be described again here.
  • the heating assembly 23 includes at least two outer heating structures 231, Along the circumferential direction of the outermost guide wheel assembly 22, at least two outer heating structures 231 are spaced apart. This arrangement can improve the efficiency of heating from the outside to the inside, thereby improving the degassing efficiency.
  • At least two outer heating structures 231 are evenly spaced.
  • the rapid degassing equipment also includes an inner housing 24.
  • the inner housing 24 is disposed in the annular cavity of the innermost guide wheel assembly 22.
  • the inner housing 24 Together with the outer shell 21, a degassing space 213 is formed.
  • the inner shell 24 is provided with an air outlet.
  • the inner cavity of the inner shell 24 is connected to the degassing space 213 through the air outlet.
  • the inner heating structure 232 is provided on the inner shell 24. , to provide hot air into the inner cavity of the inner housing 24.
  • the inner heating structure 232 blows heated air into the inner cavity of the inner shell 24, and the hot air in the inner shell 24 is discharged to the degassing space 213 through the air outlet. Since the inner shell 24 is located at the lowest position, Therefore, the hot air blown from the air outlet can heat and degas the second submarine cable semi-finished product from the inside to the outside.
  • the fan 233 and the heating box 234 cooperate to provide hot air flow to the degassing space 213.
  • the temperature can be adjusted according to different types of submarine cables.
  • Four sets of fans are placed around the guide wheel assembly 22 located in the outer shell 21 233 and heating box 234, a set of fans 233 and heating box 234 are placed above the inner shell 24.
  • a fan 25 is provided on the top wall of the outer shell 21.
  • the fan 25 is used to blow the hot air located above the degassing space 213 downward to maintain the hot air in the degassing space 213. flow.
  • seals are provided at both the inlet 211 and the outlet 212, and the submarine cables seal with the seals when passing through the inlet 211 and the outlet 212.
  • the degassing space 213 is a vacuum space
  • the inner heating structure 232 blows hot air into the inner shell 24 from above
  • the hot air in the inner shell 24 It flows from the inside out from the air outlet to ensure that the second submarine cable semi-finished product on the side close to the inner shell 24 maintains the degassing temperature.
  • the inlet 211 is provided above the outer shell 21, and silicone plates of different specifications are selected as seals according to the size of the second submarine cable semi-finished product and placed at the inlet 211.
  • the second submarine cable semi-finished product enters the degassing space 213 through the silica gel plate.
  • the outer diameter of the opening inside the silica gel plate is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the second submarine cable semi-finished product, The outer diameter, therefore, there is no gap between the second submarine cable semi-finished product and the silica gel plate, which prevents the hot air in the degassing space 213 from overflowing and causing the temperature in the degassing space 213 to drop.
  • the outlet 212 is provided above the outer shell 21. Silicone plates of different specifications are selected as seals according to the size of the second submarine cable semi-finished product and placed at the outlet 212. There is a hole in the center of the silica gel plate, and the hole diameter is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the second submarine cable semi-finished product. The second submarine cable semi-finished product flows out of the degassing space 213 through the silica gel plate.
  • the outer diameter of the opening inside the silica gel plate is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the second submarine cable semi-finished product, Therefore, there is no gap between the second submarine cable semi-finished product and the silica gel plate, which prevents the hot air in the degassing space 213 from overflowing and causing the temperature in the degassing space 213 to drop.
  • the submarine cable production method uses the above-mentioned submarine cable production system to produce submarine cables.
  • the production method includes sequentially executing along the production line direction: forming the conductor shielding layer, the insulation layer and the intersection of the insulation shielding layer outside the conductor. Joint production steps; lead extrusion sleeve and sheath production steps to form lead sleeves and sheaths outside the insulation shielding layer in sequence; through the ground turntable 10.
  • insulation shielding layer, lead sleeve, sheath and armor layer among them, the insulating layer is made of rapidly degassing insulating material in the cross-linking production step.
  • the conductor shielding layer, the insulation layer and the insulation shielding layer can be formed sequentially outside the conductor through the cross-linking production step; the lead sheath and sheath can be formed sequentially outside the insulation shielding layer through the lead sheath and sheath extrusion production step; through The armoring production step can form an armoring layer outside the sheath; thereby forming the conductor shielding layer, insulation layer, insulation shielding layer, lead sheath, sheath and armoring layer of the submarine cable in sequence.
  • the first submarine cable semi-finished product can be transferred, transported or stored through the ground turntable transfer step, ensuring that the lead extrusion sheath and sheath production equipment can still operate normally when the armor production equipment replaces the armor wire, thereby enabling the cross-linking production equipment,
  • the lead extrusion sheath and sheath production equipment and the armor production equipment can be produced simultaneously. There is no need to separate submarine cable cross-linking production, lead extrusion sheath and sheath production, and armor production, thereby avoiding the need for multiple reversals during the production process. cables, which can easily cause damage to submarine cables.
  • the insulating layer is made of rapidly degassing insulating materials in the cross-linking production step.
  • the submarine cable produced does not need to be degassed for a long time in the future, which reduces the submarine cable production cycle.
  • the quickly degassing insulating material is cross-linked polyethylene.
  • the submarine cable production method of the present application uses the submarine cable production system of the present application to produce submarine cables
  • the submarine cable production method of the present application also has the above-mentioned advantages of the submarine cable production system of the present application. , which will not be described again here.
  • the ground turntable flow step includes synchronously rotating the inlet part 11 and the disc outlet part 12, and with the extrusion
  • the production speed of the lead sheath and the sheath is the same in the first adjustment step to store the first submarine cable semi-finished product in the coiling part 12 .
  • the lead extrusion sheath and sheath production steps can still operate normally when the armor wire is replaced in the armor production step, thereby making the cross-linking production step, lead extrusion sheath and sheath production steps, and armor production steps Production can be carried out simultaneously, without the need to separate the cross-linking production steps, lead extrusion sleeve and sheath production steps, and armoring production steps, thereby avoiding the need for multiple cable reversing during the production process, which can easily cause damage to submarine cables.
  • the ground turntable circulation step includes making the lead-out speed of the disc outlet 12 the same as the production speed of the armoring production step, and extruding the lead sheath and sheath.
  • the sum of the production speed of the production step and the introduction speed of the introduction part 11 is equal to the second adjustment step of the lead-out speed of the coil-out part 12 to guide the first submarine cable semi-finished product stored in the coil-out part 12 during the replacement of armor wires.
  • Armor production equipment performs armor production.
  • the sum of the production speed of the lead extrusion sleeve and sheath production steps and the introduction speed of the introduction part 11 is equal to the lead-out speed of the disc-out part 12, and the lead-out speed of the disc-out part 12 is the same as the production speed of the armor production step.
  • the steel wire needs to be replaced during the armor production process, and the time required to replace the steel wire is n2 hours.
  • the production speed of the lead extrusion sheath and sheath production steps is consistent with the production speed of the cross-linking production step, which is x m/hour, that is, the turntable needs to store x*n2 meters of the first submarine cable semi-finished product during the replacement of steel wires. Armor production continues after the steel wire replacement is completed. At this time, the production speed of the armor production step needs to be faster than the production speed of the lead extrusion sheath and sheath production steps, which is y meters/hour.
  • the rotation speed of the disc outlet 12 is adjusted to the armoring production step.
  • the production speed is consistent to ensure that the first submarine cable semi-finished product is not subject to radial tension or pressure during the armor production process.
  • the introduction part 11 changes the rotation speed, and the running speed of the introduction part 11 relative to the disc-out part 12 is (y-x) meters/hour, that is, the sum of the production speed of the lead extrusion sleeve and sheath production steps and the running speed of the introduction part 11 and the disc-out part 12, the rotational speed is consistent to ensure that the first submarine cable semi-finished product is not subject to radial tension or pressure during the take-up process.
  • all the first submarine cable semi-finished products stored in the coiling part 12 during the armor wire replacement process are exported.
  • the production speed of the armor production step is reduced to x meters/hour.
  • the first submarine cable semi-finished product maintains one layer of take-up during the circulation process of the geo-turntable.
  • the geo-turn table must meet the take-up length of the first submarine cable semi-finished product of x*(n+m) meters.
  • the production speed of the lead extrusion sheath and sheath production steps in the continuous production process, the production speed of the lead extrusion sheath and sheath production steps, The introduction speed of the introduction part 11, the lead-out speed of the disc discharge part 12 and the production speed of the armor production step are the same.
  • the turntable 122 of the reel-out part 12 operates according to the production speed to ensure that the operating speed of the reel-out part 12 is consistent with the production speed of the armor production step.
  • the rotation speed of the introduction part 11 is consistent with the rotation speed of the coiling part 12, that is, the introduction part 11 and the coiling part 12 remain relatively stationary, ensuring that the first semi-finished submarine cable is not subject to radial tension or pressure during the winding process.
  • the semi-finished end of the first submarine cable can be pulled out of the reel outlet 12 to the armor production equipment for armor production.
  • the production method of submarine cable also includes a conductor pay-out step, a wrapping production step and a finished cable take-up step.
  • the conductor pay-out step is located before the cross-linking production step
  • the wrapping production step is located before the cross-linking production step.
  • the finished cable winding step is located after the armoring production step.
  • the conductor pay-out step is used for conductor pay-out, and the conductors are released for cross-linking production.
  • the wrapping production step is used to wrap the second submarine cable semi-finished product with a water-blocking tape to form a water-blocking tape layer around the outer periphery of the second submarine cable semi-finished product.
  • the finished cable take-up step is used to take up the finished submarine cable.
  • the conductor laying out step is implemented by a conductor laying out device.
  • the wrapping production steps are realized by wrapping production equipment.
  • the finished cable take-up step is realized by the finished cable take-up equipment.
  • the wrapping production step is located between the rapid degassing step using rapid degassing equipment and the lead extrusion sleeve and sheath production steps to wrap the degassed second submarine cable semi-finished product with water-blocking tape.
  • the submarine cable conductor After the submarine cable conductor is laid out, it enters the cross-linking production line for three-layer co-extrusion production of the conductor shielding layer, the rapid degassing insulation layer, and the insulation shielding layer.
  • the water-blocking tape is wound Bag. Due to insulation layer It is made of quick-degassing insulating material, so lead extrusion sleeves and sheaths are produced after the water-blocking tape is wrapped. Since the replacement of armor wires (such as steel wires) during the armor production process requires a replacement cycle, the first submarine cable semi-finished product needs to be circulated through the ground turntable 10 after the production is completed. The first semi-finished product of the submarine cable is transferred to the armoring production equipment via the ground turntable 10 for armoring production. After the armoring production is completed, the finished product of the submarine cable is completed.
  • the submarine cable production system and the submarine cable production method have the following advantages:
  • Cross-linking production, lead extrusion sheath production, and armor production can be carried out simultaneously, which improves the production efficiency of submarine cables and reduces the production costs of submarine cables.
  • the submarine cable is prepared by using the above-mentioned submarine cable production method.
  • the submarine cable is composed of 12 main parts, namely water-blocking conductor 31, conductor shielding layer 32, rapid degassing insulation layer 33, insulating shielding layer 34, water-blocking tape layer 35, lead sleeve 36, Sheath 37, PE (polyethylene) strip 38, light unit 39, inner lining layer 40, steel wire 41 and outer covering layer 42.
  • PE polyethylene
  • the PE strip 38, the light unit 39, the inner lining layer 40, the steel wire 41 and the outer coating layer 42 form an armor layer.
  • the water-blocking conductor 31 can be a copper conductor or an aluminum conductor, and the water-blocking material in the conductor is water-blocking glue to meet the water blocking requirements of large water depths.
  • the insulating material used in the rapid degassing insulation layer 33 is a rapid degassing insulating material.
  • the second submarine cable semi-finished product made of a rapid degassing insulating material theoretically does not need to be degassed.
  • the content of the cross-linked by-products of methyl styrene, acetophenone and benzyl alcohol in the second submarine cable semi-finished product is very low and can be directly used for subsequent processes. .
  • the technical solution in this application is suitable for the design and production of submarine cables, and can meet the design and production of single-core submarine cables of different voltage levels.
  • the cross-linking production equipment is used to form a conductor shielding layer, an insulation layer and an insulating shielding layer outside the conductor.
  • Lead extrusion sheath and sheath production equipment is used to sequentially form lead sheaths and sheaths outside the insulation shielding layer.
  • Armor production equipment is used to form the armor layer outside the sheath.
  • the semi-finished products of the first submarine cable need to be transferred and stored on the ground carousel after the production is completed to ensure that the lead sleeves and The sheath production equipment can still operate normally, so that the cross-linking production equipment, the lead extrusion sheath and sheath production equipment and the armor production equipment can be produced simultaneously, without the need to separate submarine cable cross-linking production, lead extrusion sheath and sheath production,
  • the armoring production is carried out separately, which can avoid the need for multiple cable reversing during the production process, which can easily cause damage to the submarine cable.

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  • Manufacturing Of Electric Cables (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供了一种海底电缆的生产系统、海底电缆的生产方法及海底电缆。海底电缆的生产系统包括依次设置的：交联生产设备，用于在导体外形成导体屏蔽层、绝缘层和绝缘屏蔽层；挤铅套和护套生产设备，用于在绝缘屏蔽层外依次形成铅套和护套；地转盘；铠装生产设备，用于在护套外形成铠装层；其中，地转盘包括底座、导入部和盘出部，导入部用于将经过挤铅套和护套生产设备处理后的第一海缆半成品导入盘出部，盘出部用于储存或导出第一海缆半成品；导入部和盘出部均可转动地设置在底座上，导入部相对于盘出部可转动。本申请的技术方案中，海底电缆的生产系统的挤铅套和护套生产设备以及铠装生产设备可以同步进行生产，能够避免对海缆造成损伤的问题。

Description

海底电缆的生产系统、海底电缆的生产方法及海底电缆
本申请要求于2022年06月30日提交至中国国家知识产权局，申请号为202210764479.0，发明名称为“海底电缆的生产系统、海底电缆的生产方法及海底电缆”的专利申请的优先权。
技术领域
本申请涉及海底电缆技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种海底电缆的生产系统、海底电缆的生产方法及海底电缆。
背景技术
基于海上风电飞速发展，未来海缆产品将向绿色低碳、低成本、大长度、深远海方向发展。
目前行业内海缆在铠装生产过程中需要更换钢丝，由于更换钢丝往往需要数个小时，因此经挤铅套和护套生产后的海缆无法及时进行铠装生产，即挤铅套和护套生产与铠装生产无法同步，导致生产过程中需要多次倒缆，容易对海缆造成损伤。
发明内容
本申请的主要目的在于提供一种海底电缆的生产系统、海底电缆的生产方法及海底电缆，该海底电缆的生产系统的挤铅套和护套生产设备和铠装生产设备可以同步进行生产，能够避免生产过程中需要多次倒缆，容易对海缆造成损伤的问题。
为了实现上述目的，根据本申请的一个方面，提供了一种海底电缆的生产系统，生产系统包括依次设置的：交联生产设备，用于在导体外形成导体屏蔽层、绝缘层和绝缘屏蔽层；挤铅套和护套生产设备，用于在绝缘屏蔽层外依次形成铅套和护套；地转盘；铠装生产设备，用于在护套外形成铠装层；其中，地转盘包括底座、导入部和盘出部，导入部用于将经过挤铅套和护套生产设备处理后的第一海缆半成品导入盘出部，盘出部用于储存或导出第一海缆半成品；导入部和盘出部均可转动地设置在底座上，导入部相对于盘出部可转动。
进一步地，导入部包括：竖向支架，与底座连接；横向支架，固定设置在竖向支架上，横向支架的远离竖向支架的一端设有导入件，导入件用于将第一海缆半成品导入盘出部。
进一步地，盘出部包括至少两个简状结构和至少一个转盘，沿盘出部的转动中心向外侧，至少两个简状结构依次设置，各简状结构的侧壁上均设有盘出口；任意相邻两个简状结构之间均设有一个转盘，转盘相对于底座可转动地设置，相邻两个简状结构和对应的转盘共同围成盘缆空间；导入件用于将第一海缆半成品导入位于最内侧的盘缆空间中，盘缆空间与盘出口连通，第一海缆半成品经位于最外侧的盘出口导出。
进一步地，生产系统还包括快速脱气设备，快速脱气设备位于交联生产设备和挤铅套和 护套生产设备之间，快速脱气设备用于对经过交联生产设备处理后的第二海缆半成品进行快速脱气；快速脱气设备包括：外壳体，外壳体上设有入口和出口，外壳体围成脱气空间，入口和出口均与脱气空间连通；至少两个导轮组件，间隔设置在脱气空间内，导轮组件用于支撑第二海缆半成品；加热组件，设置在脱气空间内，加热组件用于对脱气空间内的空气进行加热。
进一步地，导轮组件呈环形，沿导轮组件的中心向外侧，至少两个导轮组件依次间隔设置，入口与位于最内侧的导轮组件对应设置，出口与位于最外侧的导轮组件对应设置；加热组件包括外侧加热结构和内侧加热结构，外侧加热结构设置在位于最外侧的导轮组件的外周，以从外向内加热，内侧加热结构设置在位于最内侧的导轮组件的环形腔内，以从内向外加热。
进一步地，外侧加热结构包括风机和加热箱，风机与加热箱连通，风机用于将脱气空间内空气引导至加热箱，加热箱用于对空气进行加热，加热后的空气能够通过加热箱出口排出至脱气空间内；和/或，加热组件包括至少两个外侧加热结构，沿位于最外侧的导轮组件的周向，至少两个外侧加热结构间隔设置。
进一步地，快速脱气设备还包括内壳体，内壳体设置在位于最内侧的导轮组件的环形腔内，内壳体与外壳体共同围成脱气空间，内壳体上设有出风口，内壳体的内腔通过出风口与脱气空间连通；内侧加热结构设置在内壳体上，以向内壳体的内腔中提供热空气。
进一步地，外壳体的顶壁上设有风扇，风扇用于将位于脱气空间上方的热空气向下吹；和/或，入口和出口处均设有密封件，海底电缆穿过入口和出口时均与密封件密封配合。
根据本申请的另一方面，提供了一种海底电缆的生产方法，生产方法采用上述的海底电缆的生产系统生产海底电缆，生产方法包括：在导体外形成导体屏蔽层、绝缘层和绝缘屏蔽层的交联生产步骤；在绝缘屏蔽层外依次形成铅套和护套的挤铅套和护套生产步骤；通过地转盘储存或输送第一海缆半成品的地转盘流转步骤；以及在护套外形成铠装层的铠装生产步骤，以使海底电缆包括由内到外依次设置的导体、导体屏蔽层、绝缘层、绝缘屏蔽层、铅套、护套和铠装层；其中，交联生产步骤中采用快速脱气绝缘材料制成绝缘层。
进一步地，当铠装生产步骤需要更换用于加工成海底电缆的铠装层的铠装丝时，地转盘流转步骤包括：使导入部和盘出部同步转动，并与挤铅套和护套生产步骤的生产速度相同的第一调节步骤，以将第一海缆半成品储存至盘出部。
进一步地，当铠装生产步骤更换完铠装丝后，地转盘流转步骤包括：使盘出部的导出速度与铠装生产步骤的生产速度相同，并使挤铅套和护套生产步骤的生产速度与导入部的导入速度之和等于盘出部的导出速度的第二调节步骤，以将在更换铠装丝过程中储存至盘出部的第一海缆半成品导向铠装生产设备进行铠装生产。
进一步地，当将在更换铠装丝过程中储存至盘出部的第一海缆半成品完全导出后，在连续生产过程中，挤铅套和护套生产步骤的生产速度、导入部的导入速度、盘出部的导出速度和铠装生产步骤的生产速度相同。
进一步地，海底电缆的生产方法还包括导体放线步骤、绕包生产步骤和成品缆收线步骤，沿生产线方向，导体放线步骤位于交联生产步骤之前，绕包生产步骤位于交联生产步骤与挤铅套和护套生产步骤之间，成品缆收线步骤位于铠装生产步骤之后；和/或，快速脱气绝缘材料为交联聚乙烯。
根据本申请的又一方面，提供了一种海底电缆，海底电缆采用上述的海底电缆的生产方法制备而成。
应用本申请的技术方案，交联生产设备用于在导体外形成导体屏蔽层、绝缘层和绝缘屏蔽层。挤铅套和护套生产设备用于在绝缘屏蔽层外依次形成铅套和护套。铠装生产设备用于在护套外形成铠装层。由于铠装生产过程中铠装丝更换需要更换周期，因此，第一海缆半成品生产结束后需通过地转盘进行流转、储存，以保证在铠装生产设备更换铠装丝过程中挤铅套和护套生产设备仍能够正常运行，从而使交联生产设备、挤铅套和护套生产设备和铠装生产设备能够同步进行生产，无需将海缆交联生产、挤铅套和护套生产、铠装生产分开进行，进而能够避免生产过程中需要多次倒缆，容易对海缆造成损伤的问题。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中：
图1示出了根据本申请的海底电缆的生产系统的实施例的一个流程示意图；
图2示出了图1的海底电缆的生产系统的另一流程示意图；
图3示出了图1的海底电缆的生产系统的地转盘的主视图；
图4示出了图3的地转盘的俯视图；
图5示出了图2的海底电缆的生产系统的快速脱气设备的剖视图；
图6示出了图5的快速脱气设备的俯视图；
图7示出了图5的快速脱气设备的海缆导轮结构的结构示意图；以及
图8示出了根据本申请的海底电缆的实施例的剖视图。
其中，上述附图包括以下附图标记：
10、地转盘；11、导入部；111、竖向支架；112、横向支架；12、盘出部；121、简状结构；122、转盘；13、盘缆空间；21、外壳体；211、入口；212、出口；213、脱气空间；22、导轮组件；23、加热组件；231、外侧加热结构；232、内侧加热结构；233、风机；234、加热箱；24、内壳体；25、风扇；26、海缆导轮结构；261、导轮支架；262、限位导轮；263、支撑导轮；31、阻水导体；32、导体屏蔽层；33、绝缘层；34、绝缘屏蔽层；35、阻水带层；36、铅套；37、护套；38、PE条；39、光单元；40、内衬层；41、钢丝；42、外被层。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本申请。
需要指出的是，除非另有指明，本申请使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
在本申请中，在未作相反说明的情况下，使用的方位词如“上、下、顶、底”通常是针对附图所示的方向而言的，或者是针对部件本身在竖直、垂直或重力方向上而言的；同样地，为便于理解和描述，“内、外”是指相对于各部件本身的轮廓的内、外，但上述方位词并不用于限制本申请。
基于海上风电飞速发展，未来海缆产品将向绿色低碳、低成本、大长度、深远海方向发展。
目前行业内海缆存在以下问题：
1、在进行交联生产后需要进行除气，增加海缆生产周期及生产成本；
2、在铠装生产过程中需要更换钢丝，由于更换钢丝往往需要数个小时，因此经挤铅套和护套生产后的海缆无法及时进行铠装生产，即挤铅套和护套生产与铠装生产无法同步，海缆交联生产、挤铅护套生产、铠装生产分开进行，导致生产过程中需要多次倒缆，在倒缆过程中容易对海缆表面造成损伤，导致生产周期长，严重制约海缆的生产产能。
为了解决上述问题，本申请及本申请的实施例提供了一种海底电缆的生产系统、海底电缆的生产方法及海底电缆。
如图1和图3所示，本申请的实施例中，海底电缆的生产系统包括依次设置的交联生产设备、挤铅套和护套生产设备、地转盘10和铠装生产设备，交联生产设备用于在导体外形成导体屏蔽层、绝缘层和绝缘屏蔽层；挤铅套和护套生产设备用于在绝缘屏蔽层外依次形成铅套和护套；铠装生产设备用于在护套外形成铠装层；其中，地转盘10包括底座、导入部11和盘出部12，导入部11用于将经过挤铅套和护套生产设备处理后的第一海缆半成品导入盘出部12，盘出部12用于储存或导出第一海缆半成品；导入部11和盘出部12均可转动地设置在底座上，导入部11相对于盘出部12可转动。
上述设置中，交联生产设备用于在导体外形成导体屏蔽层、绝缘层和绝缘屏蔽层。挤铅套和护套生产设备用于在绝缘屏蔽层外依次形成铅套和护套。铠装生产设备用于在护套外形成铠装层。
由于铠装生产过程中铠装丝(比如钢丝)更换需要更换周期，因此，第一海缆半成品生产结束后需通过地转盘10进行流转、储存，以保证在铠装生产设备更换铠装丝过程中挤铅套和护套生产设备仍能够正常运行，从而使交联生产设备、挤铅套和护套生产设备和铠装生产设备能够同步进行生产，无需将海缆交联生产、挤铅套和护套生产、铠装生产分开进行，进 而能够避免生产过程中需要多次倒缆，容易对海缆造成损伤的问题。
更换完铠装丝后，储存在地转盘10处的第一海缆半成品流转至铠装生产设备进行铠装生产。
另外，底座对导入部11和盘出部12具有安装和支撑的作用。导入部11能够将第一海缆半成品导入盘出部12，更换铠装丝过程中盘出部12能够储存第一海缆半成品，更换完铠装丝后盘出部12能够导出第一海缆半成品，使第一海缆半成品流转至铠装生产设备进行铠装生产。
第一海缆半成品生产结束后经导入部11进入盘出部12，从盘出部12的外部导出。
导入部11和盘出部12均相对于底座可转动，且导入部11与盘出部12之间可发生相对转动，这样即可根据实际情况和实际需要，控制导入部11和盘出部12的转动速度，提高生产灵活性和适应性。比如，在更换铠装丝过程中，需要将第一海缆半成品储存至盘出部12，此时可以使导入部11和盘出部12同步转动，并与挤铅套和护套生产设备的生产速度相同，即可将经过挤铅套和护套生产设备处理后的第一海缆半成品储存至盘出部12；或者，当更换完铠装丝后，需要将储存在盘出部12处的第一海缆半成品导出时，可以使盘出部12的转动速度与铠装生产设备的生产速度相同，并使导入部11相对于盘出部12转动，使挤铅套和护套生产设备的生产速度与导入部11相对于盘出部12的转动速度之和等于铠装生产设备的生产速度，从而逐渐将储存在盘出部12处的第一海缆半成品导出进行铠装生产。
本申请的实施例中，交联生产、挤铅套和护套生产、铠装生产可同步开展，减少海缆生产周期，减少海缆倒缆过程，降低海缆生产风险，提高生产效率和生产产能，避免多次倒缆导致电缆表面质量受损的问题。
需要说明的是，本申请的实施例中，第一海缆半成品为经过挤铅套和护套生产设备处理后生产出的、最外层为护套的护套线芯产品。
需要说明的是，本申请的实施例中，交联生产设备、挤铅套和护套生产设备和铠装生产设备均可采用本领域内常规设备。
如图3和图4所示，本申请的实施例中，导入部11包括竖向支架111、横向支架112和导入件，竖向支架111与底座连接；横向支架112固定设置在竖向支架111上，横向支架112的远离竖向支架111的一端设有导入件，导入件用于将第一海缆半成品导入盘出部12。
上述设置中，竖向支架111相对于底座转动，带动横向支架112和导入件转动，从而实现导入部11相对于底座可转动的目的。竖向支架111和横向支架112用于支撑导入件。通过导入件能够实现将第一海缆半成品导入盘出部12的目的。
本申请的实施例中，导入件为井字轮。横向支架112的最前端设有井字轮，井字轮由四个长度至少为0.5m的铁导轮焊接而成，确保第一海缆半成品进入地转盘过程中均与导轮接触，避免对第一海缆半成品造成损伤。
如图3和图4所示，本申请的实施例中，盘出部12包括至少两个简状结构121和至少一 个转盘122，沿盘出部12的转动中心向外侧，至少两个简状结构121依次设置，各简状结构121的侧壁上均设有盘出口；任意相邻两个简状结构121之间均设有一个转盘122，转盘122相对于底座可转动地设置，相邻两个简状结构121和对应的转盘122共同围成盘缆空间13；导入件用于将第一海缆半成品导入位于最内侧的盘缆空间13中，盘缆空间13与盘出口连通，第一海缆半成品经位于最外侧的盘出口导出。
上述设置中，相邻两个简状结构121和对应的转盘122共同围成盘缆空间13，盘缆空间13与盘出口连通，转盘122相对于底座转动，带动位于盘缆空间13中的第一海缆半成品移动，并最终经盘出口导出，从而实现盘出部12储存或导出第一海缆半成品的目的。
本申请的实施例中，简状结构121的高度大于护套的外径。也就是简状结构121的高度大于单层第一海缆半成品的外径。这样设置，可以大大降低地转盘高度，减少了生产成本。
本申请的实施例中，简状结构121的数量为两个，转盘122的数量为一个，两个简状结构121围成环形空间，转盘122为环形转盘。当然，在本申请的替代实施例中，还可以根据实际需要，使简状结构121的数量为至少三个，对应地，转盘122的数量为至少两个，比如，简状结构121的数量为三个，对应地，转盘122的数量为两个，三个简状结构121的径向尺寸依次增大，两个转盘122的径向尺寸依次增大，沿盘出部12的转动中心向外侧，三个简状结构121和两个转盘122依次交替设置，两个转盘122相互独立并均相对于底座可转动。
如图2所示，本申请的实施例中，生产系统还包括快速脱气设备，快速脱气设备位于交联生产设备和挤铅套和护套生产设备之间，快速脱气设备用于对经过交联生产设备处理后的第二海缆半成品进行快速脱气。通过快速脱气设备能够对经过交联生产设备处理后生产的第二海缆半成品进行快速脱气，提高海缆质量。
需要说明的是，本申请的实施例中，第二海缆半成品为经过交联生产设备处理后生产出的、最外层为绝缘屏蔽层的绝缘线芯产品。
优选地，地转盘10还包括用于驱动竖向支架111相对于底座转动的第一驱动结构以及用于驱动转盘122相对于底座转动的第二驱动结构。
如图5和图6所示，本申请的实施例中，快速脱气设备包括外壳体21、至少两个导轮组件22和加热组件23，外壳体21上设有入口211和出口212，外壳体21围成脱气空间213，入口211和出口212均与脱气空间213连通；至少两个导轮组件22间隔设置在脱气空间213内，导轮组件22用于支撑第二海缆半成品；加热组件23设置在脱气空间213内，加热组件23用于对脱气空间213内的空气进行加热。
上述设置中，第二海缆半成品经入口211进入脱气空间213，经过脱气处理后经出口212排出。在脱气空间213中，导轮组件22支撑第二海缆半成品，以便于对第二海缆半成品进行脱气。至少两个导轮组件22间隔设置，能够对第二海缆半成品进行稳定支撑。加热组件23用于对脱气空间213内的空气进行加热，使脱气空间213内的空气升温，从而对第二海缆半成品进行脱气，实现快速脱气设备对第二海缆半成品进行快速脱气的目的。
如图6所示，本申请的实施例中，导轮组件22呈环形，沿导轮组件22的中心向外侧，至少两个导轮组件22依次间隔设置，入口211与位于最内侧的导轮组件22对应设置，出口212与位于最外侧的导轮组件22对应设置。
上述设置中，第二海缆半成品经入口211进入脱气空间213，并经位于最内侧的导轮组件22逐渐传导至位于最外侧的导轮组件22，第二海缆半成品在脱气空间213内铺展的面积较大，能够提高脱气效率，支撑在位于最外侧的导轮组件22上的第二海缆半成品最终经出口212导出。
如图5至图7所示，本申请的实施例中，导轮组件22包括多个海缆导轮结构26，多个海缆导轮结构26绕导轮组件22的中心轴线间隔布置，以形成环形的导轮组件22。海缆导轮结构26包括导轮支架261、限位导轮262和支撑导轮263，限位导轮262和支撑导轮263共同作用形成导向空间，限位导轮262用于对第二海缆半成品进行限位，防止第二海缆半成品在生产过程中从导向空间中偏出，保证第二海缆半成品沿导向空间移动。所有海缆导轮结构26围绕内壳体24呈圆环形依次放置在外壳体21内。支撑导轮263沿水平方向设置在导轮支架261上，支撑导轮263相对于导轮支架261可转动，限位导轮262沿竖直方向设置在导轮支架261上，限位导轮262相对于导轮支架261可转动，各导轮支架261上对应设置一个支撑导轮263，各导轮支架261上对应设置四个限位导轮262，四个限位导轮262行列布置，支撑导轮263位于两行限位导轮262之间。第二海缆半成品与支撑导轮263和限位导轮262滑动配合，能够避免损伤。
需要说明的是，本申请的实施例中，交联生产设备的生产速度为x米/小时，第二海缆半成品快速脱气所需时间为n1小时，即快速脱气设备需满足第二海缆半成品存放量至少为x*n1米，不同的海底电缆交联生产的生产速度不一致，快速脱气所需时间也不一致，可根据不同海底电缆增加或减少快速脱气设备内导轮组件22和/或海缆导轮结构26的数量。
如图5和图6所示，本申请的实施例中，加热组件23包括外侧加热结构231和内侧加热结构232，外侧加热结构231设置在位于最外侧的导轮组件22的外周，以从外向内加热，内侧加热结构232设置在位于最内侧的导轮组件22的环形腔内，以从内向外加热。
上述设置中，通过外侧加热结构231从外向内加热，通过内侧加热结构232从内向外加热，能够提高脱气效率。
如图5所示，本申请的实施例中，外侧加热结构231包括风机233和加热箱234，风机233与加热箱234连通，风机233用于将脱气空间213内空气引导至加热箱234，加热箱234用于对空气进行加热，加热后的空气能够通过加热箱出口排出至脱气空间213内。加热后的空气能够从外向内对第二海缆半成品进行加热、脱气。
本申请的实施例中，内侧加热结构232的具体结构与外侧加热结构231的具体结构相同，此处不再赘述。
如图5和图6所示，本申请的实施例中，加热组件23包括至少两个外侧加热结构231， 沿位于最外侧的导轮组件22的周向，至少两个外侧加热结构231间隔设置。这样设置，可以提高从外向内加热的作用效率，从而提高脱气效率。
本申请的实施例中，至少两个外侧加热结构231均匀间隔设置。
如图5和图6所示，本申请的实施例中，快速脱气设备还包括内壳体24，内壳体24设置在位于最内侧的导轮组件22的环形腔内，内壳体24与外壳体21共同围成脱气空间213，内壳体24上设有出风口，内壳体24的内腔通过出风口与脱气空间213连通；内侧加热结构232设置在内壳体24上，以向内壳体24的内腔中提供热空气。
上述设置中，内侧加热结构232将加热后的空气吹入内壳体24的内腔中，内壳体24内的热空气通过出风口排至脱气空间213，由于内壳体24设置在位于最内侧的导轮组件22的环形腔内，因此，自出风口吹出的热空气能够从内向外对第二海缆半成品进行加热、脱气。
本申请的实施例中，风机233和加热箱234配合给脱气空间213提供热气流，可根据不同型式海缆调整温度高低，在位于外壳体21内的导轮组件22的四周放置四组风机233和加热箱234，在内壳体24上方放置一组风机233和加热箱234。
如图5所示，本申请的实施例中，外壳体21的顶壁上设有风扇25，风扇25用于将位于脱气空间213上方的热空气向下吹，保持脱气空间213内热空气流动。
本申请的实施例中，入口211和出口212处均设有密封件，海底电缆穿过入口211和出口212时均与密封件密封配合。
具体地，如图5和图6所示，本申请的实施例中，脱气空间213为真空空间，内侧加热结构232从上方向内壳体24内吹入热空气，内壳体24内热空气从出风口由内向外流动，确保靠近内壳体24侧第二海缆半成品保持脱气温度。
入口211设置在外壳体21上方，根据第二海缆半成品尺寸选择不同规格硅胶板作为密封件放置在入口211处。硅胶板中心部分开孔，孔径大小略小于第二海缆半成品的外径，第二海缆半成品通过硅胶板进入脱气空间213，由于硅胶板内部开孔外径略小于第二海缆半成品的外径，因此，第二海缆半成品与硅胶板之间无缝隙，避免脱气空间213内热空气外溢，导致脱气空间213内温度下降。
出口212设置在外壳体21上方，根据第二海缆半成品尺寸选择不同规格硅胶板作为密封件放置在出口212处。硅胶板中心部分开孔，孔径大小略小于第二海缆半成品的外径，第二海缆半成品通过硅胶板从脱气空间213内流转出去，由于硅胶板内部开孔外径略小于第二海缆半成品的外径，因此，第二海缆半成品与硅胶板之间无缝隙，避免脱气空间213内热空气外溢，导致脱气空间213内温度下降。
本申请的实施例中，海底电缆的生产方法采用上述的海底电缆的生产系统生产海底电缆，生产方法包括沿生产线方向依次执行的：在导体外形成导体屏蔽层、绝缘层和绝缘屏蔽层的交联生产步骤；在绝缘屏蔽层外依次形成铅套和护套的挤铅套和护套生产步骤；通过地转盘 10储存或输送第一海缆半成品的地转盘流转步骤；以及在护套外形成铠装层的铠装生产步骤，以使海底电缆包括由内到外依次设置的导体、导体屏蔽层、绝缘层、绝缘屏蔽层、铅套、护套和铠装层；其中，交联生产步骤中采用快速脱气绝缘材料制成绝缘层。
上述设置中，通过交联生产步骤能够在导体外依次形成导体屏蔽层、绝缘层和绝缘屏蔽层；通过挤铅套和护套生产步骤能够在绝缘屏蔽层外依次形成铅套和护套；通过铠装生产步骤能够在护套外形成铠装层；从而依次形成海底电缆的导体屏蔽层、绝缘层、绝缘屏蔽层、铅套、护套和铠装层。
通过地转盘流转步骤能够对第一海缆半成品进行流转输送或储存，保证在铠装生产设备更换铠装丝过程中挤铅套和护套生产设备仍能够正常运行，从而使交联生产设备、挤铅套和护套生产设备以及铠装生产设备能够同步进行生产，无需将海缆交联生产、挤铅套和护套生产、铠装生产分开进行，进而能够避免生产过程中需要多次倒缆，容易对海缆造成损伤的问题。
本申请的实施例中，交联生产步骤中采用快速脱气绝缘材料制成绝缘层，生产的海底电缆后续无需进行长期脱气，减少海缆生产周期。
本申请的实施例中，快速脱气绝缘材料为交联聚乙烯。
需要说明的是，由于本申请的海底电缆的生产方法采用本申请的海底电缆的生产系统生产海底电缆，因此，本申请的海底电缆的生产方法也具有本申请的海底电缆的生产系统的上述优点，此处不再赘述。
本申请的实施例中，当铠装生产步骤需要更换用于加工成海底电缆的铠装层的铠装丝时，地转盘流转步骤包括使导入部11和盘出部12同步转动，并与挤铅套和护套生产步骤的生产速度相同的第一调节步骤，以将第一海缆半成品储存至盘出部12。
通过上述设置，可以保证在铠装生产步骤更换铠装丝过程中挤铅套和护套生产步骤仍能够正常运行，从而使交联生产步骤、挤铅套和护套生产步骤及铠装生产步骤能够同步进行生产，无需将交联生产步骤、挤铅套和护套生产步骤及铠装生产步骤分开进行，进而能够避免生产过程中需要多次倒缆，容易对海缆造成损伤的问题。
本申请的实施例中，当铠装生产步骤更换完铠装丝后，地转盘流转步骤包括使盘出部12的导出速度与铠装生产步骤的生产速度相同，并使挤铅套和护套生产步骤的生产速度与导入部11的导入速度之和等于盘出部12的导出速度的第二调节步骤，以将在更换铠装丝过程中储存至盘出部12的第一海缆半成品导向铠装生产设备进行铠装生产。
上述设置中，挤铅套和护套生产步骤的生产速度与导入部11的导入速度之和等于盘出部12的导出速度，盘出部12的导出速度与铠装生产步骤的生产速度相同，通过对上述各速度的调节，可以将在更换铠装丝过程中储存至盘出部12的第一海缆半成品逐渐导向铠装生产设备进行铠装生产，从而将在更换铠装丝过程中储存至盘出部12的第一海缆半成品消耗掉，避免积压。
本申请的实施例中，在铠装生产过程中需要更换钢丝，且更换钢丝所需时间为n2小时，挤铅套和护套生产步骤的生产速度与交联生产步骤的生产速度一致，为x米/小时，即在更换钢丝期间地转盘需要储存x*n2米第一海缆半成品。在钢丝更换结束后继续进行铠装生产，此时铠装生产步骤的生产速度相比于挤铅套和护套生产步骤的生产速度需要更快一点，为y米/小时。
在钢丝更换后继续铠装生产过程中，由于铠装生产步骤的生产速度与挤铅套和护套生产步骤的生产速度不匹配，因此，此时使盘出部12的转速与铠装生产步骤的生产速度一致，以确保铠装生产过程中第一海缆半成品不受径向拉力或压力。导入部11改变转速，导入部11相对于盘出部12运行速度为(y-x)米/小时，即挤铅套和护套生产步骤的生产速度以及导入部11的运行速度的总和与盘出部12的转速一致，以确保第一海缆半成品在收线过程中不受径向拉力或压力。经历m小时后在更换铠装丝过程中储存至盘出部12的第一海缆半成品全部导出，此时降低铠装生产步骤的生产速度至x米/小时。第一海缆半成品在地转盘流转过程中保持收线1层，地转盘需满足x*(n+m)米第一海缆半成品收线长度。
本申请的实施例中，当将在更换铠装丝过程中储存至盘出部12的第一海缆半成品完全导出后，在连续生产过程中，挤铅套和护套生产步骤的生产速度、导入部11的导入速度、盘出部12的导出速度和铠装生产步骤的生产速度相同。
本申请的实施例中，地转盘10开始收线后，盘出部12的转盘122根据生产速度进行运行，确保盘出部12运行速度与铠装生产步骤的生产速度保持一致。导入部11转速与盘出部12转速一致，即导入部11与盘出部12保持相对静止，确保第一海缆半成品在收线过程中不受径向拉力或压力。地转盘10收线数圈后可将第一海缆半成品端头牵引出盘出部12至铠装生产设备进行铠装生产。
本申请的实施例中，海底电缆的生产方法还包括导体放线步骤、绕包生产步骤和成品缆收线步骤，沿生产线方向，导体放线步骤位于交联生产步骤之前，绕包生产步骤位于交联生产步骤与挤铅套和护套生产步骤之间，成品缆收线步骤位于铠装生产步骤之后。
上述设置中，导体放线步骤用于导体放线，放出导体进行交联生产。绕包生产步骤用于对第二海缆半成品进行阻水带绕包，以在第二海缆半成品的外周形成阻水带层。成品缆收线步骤用于对成品海底电缆进行收线。
如图1和图2所示，本申请的实施例中，导体放线步骤通过导体放线设备实现。绕包生产步骤通过绕包生产设备实现。成品缆收线步骤通过成品缆收线设备实现。绕包生产步骤位于采用快速脱气设备进行的快速脱气步骤与挤铅套和护套生产步骤之间，以对经过脱气后的第二海缆半成品进行阻水带绕包生产。
需要说明的是，本申请的实施例中，导体放线设备、绕包生产设备及成品缆收线设备均可采用本领域常规设备。
本申请的实施例中，海底电缆导体放线后进入交联生产线进行导体屏蔽层、快速脱气绝缘层、绝缘屏蔽层三层共挤生产，第二海缆半成品生产结束后进行阻水带绕包。由于绝缘层 采用快速脱气绝缘材料制成，因此阻水带绕包结束后进行挤铅套和护套生产。由于铠装生产过程中铠装丝(比如钢丝)更换需要更换周期，因此，第一海缆半成品生产结束后需通过地转盘10进行流转。第一海缆半成品经地转盘10流转至铠装生产设备进行铠装生产，铠装生产结束后完成海缆成品收线。
本申请的实施例中，海底电缆的生产系统和海底电缆的生产方法具有以下优点：
1、海缆交联生产后无需进行长期除气，提高了海缆生产效率。
2、交联生产、挤铅护套生产、铠装生产可同步开展，提高了海缆生产效率，降低了海缆生产成本。
3、生产过程中倒缆过程少，降低海缆生产风险。
如图8所示，本申请的实施例中，海底电缆采用上述的海底电缆的生产方法制备而成。
本申请的实施例中，海底电缆由12个主要部分组成，分别是阻水导体31、导体屏蔽层32、快速脱气绝缘层33、绝缘屏蔽层34、阻水带层35、铅套36、护套37、PE(聚乙烯)条38、光单元39、内衬层40、钢丝41和外被层42。其中，PE条38、光单元39、内衬层40、钢丝41和外被层42形成铠装层。
优选地，阻水导体31可以为铜导体，也可以为铝导体，导体问阻水材料为阻水胶，满足大水深阻水要求。
本申请的实施例中，快速脱气绝缘层33采用的绝缘材料为快速脱气绝缘材料，采用快速脱气绝缘材料(如交联聚乙烯)制成的第二海缆半成品理论上无需脱气，对未脱气第二海缆半成品进行红外光谱检测及气相色谱分析，第二海缆半成品内交联副产物甲基苯乙稀、苯乙酮和苯甲醇含量很低，可直接进行后续工序。
本申请的技术方案适用于海缆设计及生产，能够满足不同电压等级单芯海缆设计和生产。
从以上的描述中，可以看出，本申请上述的实施例实现了如下技术效果：交联生产设备用于在导体外形成导体屏蔽层、绝缘层和绝缘屏蔽层。挤铅套和护套生产设备用于在绝缘屏蔽层外依次形成铅套和护套。铠装生产设备用于在护套外形成铠装层。由于铠装生产过程中铠装丝更换需要更换周期，因此，第一海缆半成品生产结束后需通过地转盘进行流转、储存，以保证在铠装生产设备更换铠装丝过程中挤铅套和护套生产设备仍能够正常运行，从而使交联生产设备、挤铅套和护套生产设备和铠装生产设备能够同步进行生产，无需将海缆交联生产、挤铅套和护套生产、铠装生产分开进行，进而能够避免生产过程中需要多次倒缆，容易对海缆造成损伤的问题。
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、工作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种海底电缆的生产系统，其特征在于，所述生产系统包括依次设置的：
    交联生产设备，用于在导体外形成导体屏蔽层、绝缘层和绝缘屏蔽层；
    挤铅套和护套生产设备，用于在所述绝缘屏蔽层外依次形成铅套和护套；
    地转盘(10)；
    铠装生产设备，用于在所述护套外形成铠装层；
    其中，所述地转盘(10)包括底座、导入部(11)和盘出部(12)，所述导入部(11)用于将经过所述挤铅套和护套生产设备处理后的第一海缆半成品导入所述盘出部(12)，所述盘出部(12)用于储存或导出所述第一海缆半成品；
    所述导入部(11)和所述盘出部(12)均可转动地设置在所述底座上，所述导入部(11)相对于所述盘出部(12)可转动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的海底电缆的生产系统，其特征在于，所述导入部(11)包括：
    竖向支架(111)，与所述底座连接；
    横向支架(112)，固定设置在所述竖向支架(111)上，所述横向支架(112)的远离所述竖向支架(111)的一端设有导入件，所述导入件用于将所述第一海缆半成品导入所述盘出部(12)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的海底电缆的生产系统，其特征在于，所述盘出部(12)包括至少两个筒状结构(121)和至少一个转盘(122)，沿所述盘出部(12)的转动中心向外侧，至少两个所述筒状结构(121)依次设置，各所述筒状结构(121)的侧壁上均设有盘出口；
    任意相邻两个所述筒状结构(121)之间均设有一个所述转盘(122)，所述转盘(122)相对于所述底座可转动地设置，相邻两个所述筒状结构(121)和对应的所述转盘(122)共同围成盘缆空间(13)；
    所述导入件用于将所述第一海缆半成品导入位于最内侧的所述盘缆空间(13)中，所述盘缆空间(13)与所述盘出口连通，所述第一海缆半成品经位于最外侧的所述盘出口导出。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的海底电缆的生产系统，其特征在于，所述生产系统还包括快速脱气设备，所述快速脱气设备位于所述交联生产设备与所述挤铅套和护套生产设备之间，所述快速脱气设备用于对经过所述交联生产设备处理后的第二海缆半成品进行快速脱气；快速脱气设备包括：
    外壳体(21)，所述外壳体(21)上设有入口(211)和出口(212)，所述外壳体(21)围成脱气空间(213)，所述入口(211)和所述出口(212)均与所述脱气空间(213)连通；
    至少两个导轮组件(22)，间隔设置在所述脱气空间(213)内，所述导轮组件(22)用于支撑第二海缆半成品；
    加热组件(23)，设置在所述脱气空间(213)内，所述加热组件(23)用于对所述脱气空间(213)内的空气进行加热。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的海底电缆的生产系统，其特征在于，所述导轮组件(22)呈环形，沿所述导轮组件(22)的中心向外侧，至少两个所述导轮组件(22)依次间隔设置，所述入口(211)与位于最内侧的所述导轮组件(22)对应设置，所述出口(212)与位于最外侧的所述导轮组件(22)对应设置；
    所述加热组件(23)包括外侧加热结构(231)和内侧加热结构(232)，所述外侧加热结构(231)设置在位于最外侧的所述导轮组件(22)的外周，以从外向内加热，所述内侧加热结构(232)设置在位于最内侧的所述导轮组件(22)的环形腔内，以从内向外加热。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的海底电缆的生产系统，其特征在于，
    所述外侧加热结构(231)包括风机(233)和加热箱(234)，所述风机(233)与所述加热箱(234)连通，所述风机(233)用于将所述脱气空间(213)内空气引导至所述加热箱(234)，所述加热箱(234)用于对空气进行加热，加热后的空气能够通过加热箱出口排出至脱气空间(213)内；和/或，
    所述加热组件(23)包括至少两个所述外侧加热结构(231)，沿位于最外侧的所述导轮组件(22)的周向，至少两个所述外侧加热结构(231)间隔设置。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的海底电缆的生产系统，其特征在于，所述快速脱气设备还包括内壳体(24)，所述内壳体(24)设置在位于最内侧的所述导轮组件(22)的环形腔内，所述内壳体(24)与所述外壳体(21)共同围成所述脱气空间(213)，所述内壳体(24)上设有出风口，所述内壳体(24)的内腔通过所述出风口与所述脱气空间(213)连通；
    所述内侧加热结构(232)设置在所述内壳体(24)上，以向所述内壳体(24)的内腔中提供热空气。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的海底电缆的生产系统，其特征在于，
    所述外壳体(21)的顶壁上设有风扇(25)，所述风扇(25)用于将位于所述脱气空间(213)上方的热空气向下吹；和/或，
    所述入口(211)和所述出口(212)处均设有密封件，海底电缆穿过所述入口(211)和所述出口(212)时均与所述密封件密封配合。
  9. 一种海底电缆的生产方法，其特征在于，所述生产方法采用权利要求1至8中任一项所述的海底电缆的生产系统生产海底电缆，所述生产方法包括：
    在导体外形成导体屏蔽层、绝缘层和绝缘屏蔽层的交联生产步骤；
    在所述绝缘屏蔽层外依次形成铅套和护套的挤铅套和护套生产步骤；
    通过地转盘(10)储存或输送第一海缆半成品的地转盘流转步骤；以及
    在所述护套外形成铠装层的铠装生产步骤，以使海底电缆包括由内到外依次设置的导体、所述导体屏蔽层、所述绝缘层、所述绝缘屏蔽层、所述铅套、所述护套和所述铠装层；
    其中，所述交联生产步骤中采用快速脱气绝缘材料制成所述绝缘层。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的海底电缆的生产方法，其特征在于，当所述铠装生产步骤需要更换用于加工成海底电缆的铠装层的铠装丝时，所述地转盘流转步骤包括：
    使导入部(11)和盘出部(12)同步转动，并与所述挤铅套和护套生产步骤的生产速度相同的第一调节步骤，以将所述第一海缆半成品储存至所述盘出部(12)。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的海底电缆的生产方法，其特征在于，当所述铠装生产步骤更换完铠装丝后，所述地转盘流转步骤包括：
    使所述盘出部(12)的导出速度与所述铠装生产步骤的生产速度相同，并使所述挤铅套和护套生产步骤的生产速度与所述导入部(11)的导入速度之和等于所述盘出部(12)的导出速度的第二调节步骤，以将在更换铠装丝过程中储存至所述盘出部(12)的第一海缆半成品导向所述铠装生产设备进行铠装生产。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的海底电缆的生产方法，其特征在于，将在更换铠装丝过程中储存至所述盘出部(12)的第一海缆半成品完全导出后，在连续生产过程中，所述挤铅套和护套生产步骤的生产速度、所述导入部(11)的导入速度、所述盘出部(12)的导出速度和所述铠装生产步骤的生产速度相同。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的海底电缆的生产方法，其特征在于，
    所述海底电缆的生产方法还包括导体放线步骤、绕包生产步骤和成品缆收线步骤，沿生产线方向，所述导体放线步骤位于所述交联生产步骤之前，所述绕包生产步骤位于所述交联生产步骤与所述挤铅套和护套生产步骤之间，所述成品缆收线步骤位于所述铠装生产步骤之后；和/或，
    所述快速脱气绝缘材料为交联聚乙烯。
  14. 一种海底电缆，其特征在于，所述海底电缆采用权利要求9至13中任一项所述的海底电缆的生产方法制备而成。
PCT/CN2023/081448 2022-06-30 2023-03-14 海底电缆的生产系统、海底电缆的生产方法及海底电缆 WO2024001306A1 (zh)

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