WO2023185414A1 - 海底电缆的制备装置及其制备方法 - Google Patents

海底电缆的制备装置及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023185414A1
WO2023185414A1 PCT/CN2023/080624 CN2023080624W WO2023185414A1 WO 2023185414 A1 WO2023185414 A1 WO 2023185414A1 CN 2023080624 W CN2023080624 W CN 2023080624W WO 2023185414 A1 WO2023185414 A1 WO 2023185414A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tape
layer
water
aluminum
plastic composite
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/080624
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
金星宇
杜强
冯启韵
刘磊
林月霞
李叶青
刘栋
翁剑
陈步圣
陈杰
王海洋
陈龙
张学锋
李洋
聂影
孙艳雨
陈晨
Original Assignee
中天科技海缆股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by 中天科技海缆股份有限公司 filed Critical 中天科技海缆股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023185414A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023185414A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
    • H01B13/26—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by winding, braiding or longitudinal lapping
    • H01B13/2613—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by winding, braiding or longitudinal lapping by longitudinal lapping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/02—Stranding-up
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
    • H01B13/14—Insulating conductors or cables by extrusion
    • H01B13/141—Insulating conductors or cables by extrusion of two or more insulating layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
    • H01B13/24—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by extrusion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/32—Filling or coating with impervious material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/14—Submarine cables
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/14—Extreme weather resilient electric power supply systems, e.g. strengthening power lines or underground power cables

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of cable technology, and in particular to a submarine cable preparation device and a preparation method thereof.
  • Submarine cables are wires wrapped with insulating materials, laid under the sea and rivers, and used for telecommunications transmission. Submarine cables are increasingly used in applications, especially in fields such as ocean engineering, cross-sea communications, wind power grid integration, and new energy development. Submarine cables include electrical units, optical units, fillers, inner sheaths, armor layers and outer sheaths.
  • the electrical unit uses aluminum-plastic composite tape and sheath as a comprehensive water-blocking layer.
  • This application provides a submarine cable preparation device and a preparation method to solve the problem that the comprehensive water-blocking layer cannot be continuously produced during the production process of large-length submarine cables.
  • this application provides a submarine cable preparation device, including a monofilament drawing unit, a water-blocking conductor stranding unit, a three-layer co-extrusion unit, a semiconductive wrapping unit, a metal shielding wrapping unit, and an optical fiber composite + forming unit.
  • the monofilament drawing unit and the water-blocking conductor stranding unit are used to produce water-blocking conductors for submarine cables; the three-layer co-extrusion unit is used to form a conductor shielding layer, an insulating layer and an insulation layer outside the water-blocking conductor. Insulating shielding layer; the semiconducting wrapping unit and the metal shielding wrapping unit are used to sequentially generate a first semiconductive water tape wrapping layer, a metal shielding layer and a second semi-conducting semiconducting tape wrapping layer outside the insulating shielding layer.
  • Conductive water-resistant tape wrap is used to sequentially generate a first semiconductive water tape wrapping layer, a metal shielding layer and a second semi-conducting semiconducting tape wrapping layer outside the insulating shielding layer.
  • the aluminum-plastic composite strip + sheath continuous production unit includes a first tape unwinding machine, a second tape unwinding machine, a welding machine and a tape storage machine.
  • the first tape unwinding machine is equipped with a first aluminum-plastic composite tape, so
  • the second tape unwinding machine is provided with a second aluminum-plastic composite tape, and the tape storage machine is used to store a predetermined length of the first aluminum-plastic composite tape during the tape changing process of the first tape unwinding machine.
  • the welding machine is used to weld and connect the first aluminum-plastic composite tape of a predetermined length to the second aluminum-plastic composite tape during the tape splicing process of the second tape unwinding machine;
  • the optical fiber composite + cabling unit is used to form the submarine cable.
  • the first tape unwinding machine includes a first fixed platform, a first tape unwinding reel and a first magnetic powder brake, the first tape unwinding reel is rotatably installed on the first fixed platform, and the A first magnetic powder brake is disposed on the first fixed platform, the first magnetic powder brake is connected to the first tape release reel, and the first aluminum-plastic composite tape is wound around the first tape release reel, so The first magnetic powder brake is used to maintain a predetermined tension after the first aluminum-plastic composite belt is released;
  • the second tape playback machine includes a second fixed platform, a second tape playback reel and a second magnetic powder brake.
  • the second tape playback reel is rotatably installed on the second fixed platform, and the second magnetic powder brake Disposed on the second fixed platform, the second magnetic powder brake is connected to the second tape release reel, the second aluminum-plastic composite tape is wound around the second tape release reel, and the second magnetic powder brake The brake is used to maintain a predetermined tension after the second aluminum-plastic composite belt is released.
  • the first tape unwinding machine further includes a first guide wheel and a first guide wheel bracket, the first guide wheel bracket is fixed on the first fixed platform, and the first guide wheel is installed on the first fixing table.
  • the first guide wheel On the first guide wheel bracket, the first guide wheel is located in the releasing direction of the first aluminum-plastic composite belt, and the first guide wheel is used to position the first aluminum-plastic composite belt after it is released.
  • the second semiconductor water-resistant tape is wrapped around the bottom of the water-blocking conductor of the cladding;
  • the second tape unwinding machine also includes a second guide wheel and a second guide wheel bracket.
  • the second guide wheel bracket is fixed on the second fixed platform.
  • the second guide wheel is installed on the second guide wheel.
  • On the wheel bracket the second guide wheel is located in the releasing direction of the second aluminum-plastic composite belt.
  • the second guide wheel is used to position the second aluminum-plastic composite belt after the second aluminum-plastic composite belt is released.
  • Semiconducting water-resistant tape is wrapped around the underside of the water-blocking conductor of the cladding.
  • the aluminum-plastic composite strip + sheath continuous production unit also includes a longitudinal wrapping machine, an extruder, a cooling water tank, a tractor and a take-up frame;
  • the longitudinal wrapping machine is used to synchronously form an aluminum-plastic composite tape layer outside the second semiconductive water-resistant tape wrapping layer; the extruder is used to synchronously extrude the sheath layer after the longitudinal wrapping machine; the cooling water tank It is used to cool the sheath layer; the pulling machine is used to pull the water-blocking conductor formed with an aluminum-plastic composite tape layer and a sheath layer to the take-up frame.
  • the longitudinal wrapping machine includes a longitudinal wrapping machine platform, a longitudinal wrapping mold and a hot melt glue machine, the longitudinal wrapping mold is fixed on the longitudinal wrapping machine platform, and the first aluminum-plastic composite strip or the second aluminum-plastic composite strip The plastic composite belt is inserted into the longitudinal packaging mold, and the hot melt glue machine is installed at the outlet of the longitudinal packaging mold.
  • the longitudinal wrapping machine further includes a guide pulley and a guide pulley, the guide pulley and the guide pulley are fixed on the longitudinal wrapping machine platform, and the guide pulley and the guide pulley are located on The entrance of the longitudinal wrapping mold, the guide pulley is used to extend the first aluminum-plastic composite belt or the second aluminum-plastic composite belt along the extension direction of the longitudinal wrapping mold, the guide pulley It is used to extend the water-blocking conductor with the second semiconductor water-resistant tape wrapping layer along the extension direction of the longitudinal wrapping mold.
  • the cooling water tank includes four water tanks, and the four water tanks sequentially cool the sheath layer.
  • the temperatures of the four water tanks are respectively 50-60°C, 35-45°C, and 20°C. ⁇ 30°C and 5 ⁇ 15°C.
  • the tape storage machine includes a tape storage wheel, a tape storage box and a tension wheel
  • the tape storage box is provided with a receiving cavity
  • the tape storage wheel is installed in the tape storage box close to the first aluminum
  • One end of the plastic composite tape enters the tape storage box
  • the tension wheel is installed on the end of the tape storage box close to the first aluminum-plastic composite tape leaving the tape storage box.
  • the tape storage wheel is used to
  • the first tape unwinding machine stores a predetermined length of the first aluminum-plastic composite tape into the accommodation cavity during the tape changing process, and the tension wheel is used during the tape changing process of the first tape unwinding machine.
  • the first aluminum-plastic composite strip is provided to the longitudinal wrapping machine.
  • the tape storage machine further includes an adjustment rod, which is disposed in the accommodation cavity and used to adjust the width of the tape storage box in the width direction of the first aluminum-plastic composite tape. distance.
  • the metal shielding wrapping unit includes a metal wire frame stranding machine;
  • the metal wire frame stranding machine includes a metal wire frame stranding machine body, a metal wire forming mold and a metal wire uniform distribution component;
  • the metal wire uniform component Located between the main body of the wire frame winch and the metal wire forming mold, the uniform wire distribution component is fixed on the main body of the wire frame winch.
  • the uniform distribution component of the metal wire is used for multiple metal wires. The filaments are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction;
  • the evenly distributed metal wire assembly includes a threading module, a circular distribution plate and an oil-free bushing;
  • the number of the threading modules is set corresponding to the number of the metal wires.
  • Each of the threading modules is provided with a threading hole for the metal wire to pass through.
  • Each of the threading holes is embedded with the oil-free liner. set, and the threading module is evenly fixed on the circular cable distribution plate along the circular direction of the circular cable distribution plate.
  • this application provides a method for preparing a submarine cable, which includes the following steps:
  • the preparation method is implemented by using the submarine cable preparation device as described above.
  • the water-blocking conductor is twisted by a semiconducting water-resistant tape and a plurality of soft copper wires, and the cross-sectional area of the water-blocking conductor is 50 to 500 mm 2 .
  • the first semiconductor resistive tape wrapping layer and the second semiconductor resistive tape wrapping layer are composed of a single layer of overlapped and wrapped semiconductor resistive tape, and the first semiconductor resistive tape wrapping layer
  • the wrapping directions of the resistive water tape wrapping layer and the second semiconductor resistive water tape wrapping layer are the same, and the first semiconductor resistive water tape wrapping layer and the second semiconductor resistive water tape wrapping layer
  • the thickness is 0.5 to 1 mm, and the coverage rate of the first semiconductor resistive water tape wrapping layer and the second semiconductor resistive water tape wrapping layer is not less than 20%.
  • the metal shielding layer includes a metal wire shielding layer and a metal tape shielding layer.
  • the metal wire shielding layer uses metal wires on the outside of the first semiconductor resistive tape wrapping layer.
  • the metal tape shielding layer The layer is wrapped around the outside of the metal wire shielding layer with a gap of metal tape;
  • the wrapping directions of the metal wire shielding layer and the metal tape shielding layer are the same, and the wrapping directions of the metal wire shielding layer and the first semiconductor resistive water tape wrapping layer are opposite.
  • the metal wire shielding layer The wrapping pitch value is 10 to 12 times the outer diameter of the cable core of the submarine cable, and the gap width of the metal strip shielding layer is 2 to 5 times the width of the metal strip.
  • the sheath layer includes an insulating polyethylene sheath layer and a semi-conductive polyethylene sheath layer, the insulating polyethylene sheath layer is extruded on the outside of the aluminum-plastic composite tape layer, and the semi-conductive polyethylene sheath layer The polyethylene sheath layer is extruded on the outside of the insulating polyethylene sheath layer, and the thickness of the semi-conductive polyethylene sheath layer is 0.5 to 1 mm.
  • This application provides a submarine cable preparation device and a preparation method.
  • the aluminum-plastic composite tape + sheath continuous production unit can realize the continuous production of aluminum-plastic composite tape and sheath, avoiding the appearance of the aluminum-plastic composite tape layer during the production process. Broken belt problem.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a submarine cable according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the power unit in the submarine cable provided in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a structural block diagram of a submarine cable preparation device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the application structure of the aluminum-plastic composite tape + sheath continuous production unit in the submarine cable preparation device provided in Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the wire frame twisting machine of the metal shielding wrapping unit in Figure 3;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the evenly distributed metal wire component of the wire frame winch in Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the evenly distributed metal wire assembly in Figure 6 in another state
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the wiring module with evenly distributed metal wire components in Figure 6;
  • Figure 9 is a structural block diagram of a method for preparing a submarine cable according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 10-Electric unit 20-Optical unit; 30-Filling piece; 40-Tape layer; 50-Inner cushion layer; 60-Armor layer; 70-Outer coating layer; 11-Water-blocking conductor; 12-Conductor shielding layer ; 13-insulation layer; 14-insulation shielding layer; 15-first semiconductor resistance water tape wrapping layer; 16-metal shielding layer; 161-metal wire shielding layer; 162-metal tape shielding layer; 17-second half Conductive water-resistant tape wrapping layer; 18-aluminum-plastic composite tape layer; 19-sheath layer; 191-insulating polyethylene sheath layer; 192-semi-conductive polyethylene sheath layer;
  • 51-Wire frame winch 511-Wire frame winch main body; 512-Wire forming mold; 513-Wire uniform distribution components; 5131-Threading module; 5132-Circular distribution plate; 5133-Oil-free lining Set; 5141-threading block; 5142-clamping block; 5143-threading hole; 5144-scale mark; 5145-outer slide rail;
  • 5146-Inner slide rail 5147-External fixing threaded hole; 5148-Internal fixing threaded hole; 5149-Distribution plate fixing threaded hole.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features.
  • “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise expressly and specifically limited.
  • connection In this application, unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “fixing” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection. ; It can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, it can be an internal connection between two elements or an interactive relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specified restrictions. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
  • a first feature "on” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features may be in direct contact through an intermediate medium. indirect contact.
  • the terms “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature is above the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • "Below”, “below” and “beneath” the first feature to the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a smaller horizontal height than the second feature.
  • references to the terms “one embodiment,” “some embodiments,” “examples,” “specific examples,” or “some examples” or the like means that specific features, structures, or structures are described in connection with the embodiment or example. , materials or features are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification unless they are inconsistent with each other.
  • the electrical unit uses aluminum-plastic composite tape and sheath as a comprehensive water-blocking layer.
  • the aluminum-plastic composite tapes need to be changed and spliced, which leads to the problem that the comprehensive water-blocking layer cannot be continuously produced.
  • this application provides a submarine cable preparation device and a preparation method thereof.
  • the aluminum-plastic composite tape + sheath continuous production unit can realize the continuous production of aluminum-plastic composite tape and sheath, avoiding the need for aluminum-plastic composite tape layers.
  • the aluminum-plastic composite belt + sheath continuous production unit continuously produces the aluminum-plastic composite belt layer and sheath layer, which can improve the consistency of the aluminum-plastic composite belt layer and sheath layer, thereby making the aluminum-plastic composite belt layer and sheath layer
  • the water-blocking performance of the formed comprehensive water-blocking layer remains consistent at different locations.
  • the submarine cable preparation device and preparation method provided by the present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a submarine cable provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power unit in the submarine cable provided in FIG. 1 .
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a submarine cable, including an electrical unit 10, an optical unit 20, a filler 30, a tape layer 40, an inner sheath 50, an armor layer 60 and an outer layer. 70.
  • the electrical unit 10 includes a water-blocking conductor 11, a conductor screen Shielding layer 12, insulation layer 13, insulation shielding layer 14, first semiconductor resistance water tape wrapping layer 15, metal shielding layer 16, second semiconductor resistance water tape wrapping layer 17, aluminum-plastic composite tape layer 18 and protective
  • the outside of the jacket layer 19 and the water-blocking conductor 11 is sequentially provided with a conductor shielding layer 12, an insulating layer 13, an insulating shielding layer 14, a first semiconductor water-resistant tape wrapping layer 15, a metal shielding layer 16, and a second semiconductor water-resistant layer.
  • the water-resistant conductor 11 is made of a semiconductor water-resistant tape and a plurality of soft copper wires twisted together.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the water-blocking conductor 11, and the cross-sectional area of the water-blocking conductor 11 can be determined according to actual needs. In an optional implementation, the cross-sectional area of the water-blocking conductor 11 is 50 to 500 mm 2 .
  • the conductor shielding layer 12 is wrapped around the outside of the water-blocking conductor 11.
  • the conductor shielding layer 12 can evenly shield the electric field of the water-blocking conductor 11, prevent electromagnetic waves from interfering with the transmission signal of the submarine cable, and improve the transmission performance of the submarine cable.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the conductor shielding layer 12, and the thickness of the conductor shielding layer 12 can be determined according to the voltage level of the submarine cable.
  • the thickness of the conductor shielding layer 12 ranges from 0.7 to 1.3 mm.
  • the conductor shielding layer 12 may be made of polyethylene. In other implementation manners, the shielding layer 12 can also be made of other materials, and no specific settings are made here.
  • the insulating layer 13 is wrapped around the outside of the conductor shielding layer 12.
  • the insulating layer 13 can ensure the insulation of the electrical unit 10 and prevent two adjacent electrical units 10 from being broken down.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the thickness of the insulating layer 13, and the thickness of the insulating layer 13 can be determined according to actual needs. In an optional implementation, the thickness of the insulating layer 13 is 3.4 to 16 mm.
  • the material of the insulating layer 13 may be cross-linked polyethylene. In other implementation manners, the insulating layer 13 can also be made of other materials, which are not specifically set here.
  • the insulating shielding layer 14 is wrapped around the outside of the insulating layer 13.
  • the insulating shielding layer 14 can even out the electric field of the insulating layer 13, prevent electromagnetic waves from interfering with the transmission signal of the submarine cable, and improve the transmission performance of the submarine cable.
  • the insulating shielding layer 14 is not particularly limited, and the thickness of the insulating shielding layer 14 can be determined according to the voltage level of the submarine cable. The thickness of the insulating shielding layer 14 ranges from 0.7 to 1.3 mm.
  • the material of the insulating shielding layer 14 may be polyethylene. In other implementation manners, the insulating shielding layer 14 can also be made of other materials, and no specific setting is made here.
  • the first semiconductive water-resistant tape wrapping layer 15 is wrapped with a single layer of overlapping-wrapped semiconducting water-resistant tape on the outside of the insulating shielding layer 14 .
  • the first semiconductive water-resistant tape wrapping layer 15 is used to block water. effect.
  • the thickness of the semiconductor resistive water tape used for wrapping the first semiconductor resistive water tape 15 can be determined according to actual needs. In an optional implementation, the thickness of the first semiconductor water-resistant tape wrapping layer 15 is 0.5-1 mm, and the coverage rate of the first semiconductor water-resistant tape wrapping layer 15 is not less than 20%.
  • the metal shielding layer 16 includes a metal wire shielding layer 161 and a metal strip shielding layer 162.
  • the metal shielding layer 16 is used to shield electromagnetism.
  • the metal wire shielding layer 161 is wrapped with metal wire on the outside of the first semiconductor resistive water tape wrapping layer 15 .
  • the metal tape shielding layer 162 is wrapped around the outside of the metal wire shielding layer 161 with metal tape.
  • the diameter of the metal wire used for the metal wire shielding layer 161 can be 1 mm; the thickness of the metal strip used for the metal strip shielding layer 162 is 1 mm, and the width of the metal strip used for the metal strip shielding layer 162 can be determined according to actual needs.
  • the wrapping directions of the metal wire shielding layer 161 and the metal tape shielding layer 162 are the same, and the wrapping directions of the metal wire shielding layer 161 and the first semiconductor resistive water tape wrapping layer 15 are opposite.
  • the pitch value of the wrapping of the metal wire shielding layer 161 is 10 to 12 times the outer diameter of the cable core of the submarine cable, and the gap width of the metal strip shielding layer 162 is 2 to 5 times the width of the metal strip.
  • the second semiconductor resistive water tape wrapping layer 17 is wrapped with a single layer of overlapped semiconductor resistive water tape on the outside of the metal tape shielding layer 162.
  • the second semiconductor resistive water tape wrapping layer 17 is used to provide a barrier. water effect.
  • the thickness of the semiconductor resistive water tape used for the second semiconductor resistive water tape wrapping layer 17 can be determined according to actual needs. In an optional implementation, the thickness of the second semiconductor resistive water tape wrapping layer 17 is 0.5 to 1 mm, and the coverage rate of the second semiconductor resistive water tape wrapping layer 17 is not less than 20%.
  • wrapping directions of the first semiconductor resistive water tape wrapping layer 15 and the second semiconductor resistive water tape wrapping layer 17 are the same.
  • the aluminum-plastic composite tape layer 18 is longitudinally wrapped on the outside of the second semiconductor water-resistant tape wrapping layer 17 , and the aluminum-plastic composite tape layer 18 is used to block water.
  • the overlap width of the aluminum-plastic composite tape used for the aluminum-plastic composite tape layer 18 can be determined according to actual needs. In an optional embodiment, the overlap width of the aluminum-plastic composite tape layer 18 may be 10% of the selected aluminum-plastic composite tape width.
  • the sheath layer 19 is extruded on the outside of the aluminum-plastic composite tape layer 18, and the sheath layer 19 is used to block water.
  • the thickness of the sheath layer 19 can be determined according to actual needs.
  • the sheath layer 19 includes an insulating polyethylene sheath layer 191 and a semi-conductive polyethylene sheath layer 191.
  • the sheath layer 192, the insulating polyethylene sheath layer 191 is extruded on the outside of the aluminum-plastic composite tape layer 18, the semi-conductive polyethylene sheath layer 192 is extruded on the insulating polyethylene sheath layer 191, the semi-conductive polyethylene sheath layer 192
  • the thickness is 0.5 ⁇ 1mm, which can ensure the stability of the electric field of the submarine cable.
  • the aluminum-plastic composite tape layer 18 and the sheath layer 19 form a comprehensive water-blocking layer.
  • the optical unit 20 includes an optical fiber, a stainless steel tube, a polyethylene inner sheath, a steel wire armor layer, and a polyethylene outer sheath in order from the inside to the outside.
  • the optical unit 20 is twisted together with the electrical unit 10 .
  • the number of light units 20 is 1 to 3.
  • the filling piece 30 is filled in the gaps between the electrical unit 10, the optical unit 20 and the tape wrapping layer 40.
  • the filling piece 30 is used to increase the weight of the cable and improve the mechanical strength of the cable while ensuring the roundness of the cable core.
  • the number of filling pieces 30 is multiple.
  • the filling member 30 may be a polyethylene filling strip or a polypropylene filling rope.
  • the tape wrapping layer 40 is wrapped around the outside of the electrical unit 10, the optical unit 20 and the filler 30.
  • the tape wrapping layer 40 is used to protect the electrical unit 10, the optical unit 20 and the filler 30, and can extend the service life of the submarine cable.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the tape wrapping layer 40. Any tape wrapping layer that can protect the electrical unit 10, the optical unit 20 and the filler 30 falls within the protection scope of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the material of the wrapping layer 40 may be polyethylene or polyurethane.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the tape coating layer 40 , and the thickness of the tape coating layer 40 can be determined according to actual needs. In an optional implementation, the thickness of the tape layer 40 is 0.3 mm.
  • the inner sheath 50 is wrapped around the outside of the tape layer 40.
  • the inner sheath 50 is used to protect the electrical unit 10, the optical unit 20 and the filler 30, and can extend the service life of the submarine cable.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the inner protective layer 50. Any inner protective layer 50 that can protect the electrical unit 10, the optical unit 20 and the filler 30 falls within the protection scope of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the inner protective layer 50 is not particularly limited, and the thickness of the inner protective layer 50 can be determined according to actual needs. In an optional implementation, the thickness of the inner protective layer 50 is 2 to 3 mm.
  • the armor layer 60 is formed by winding multiple armor steel wires in opposite directions. Among them, the armored steel wire can be galvanized steel wire.
  • the number of armor layers 60 is an even number and at least two layers, which can improve the wear resistance of the submarine cable.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the armor layer 60 , and the thickness of the armor layer 60 can be determined according to actual needs. In an optional implementation, the thickness of the armor layer 60 is 3-6 mm.
  • the outer coating layer 70 is wrapped around the outside of the armor layer 60 .
  • the outer coating layer 70 is used to protect the armor layer 60 and can extend the service life of the submarine cable.
  • the outer covering layer 70 is not particularly limited. Any outer coating layer 70 that can protect the protective armor layer 60 falls within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the outer coating layer 70 , and the thickness of the outer coating layer 70 can be determined according to actual needs. In an optional implementation, the thickness of the outer coating layer 70 is 2 to 3 mm.
  • the outer covering layer 70 may be made of one of high-density polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, polyurethane, and the like.
  • Figure 3 is a structural block diagram of a submarine cable preparation device provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the application structure of the aluminum-plastic composite tape + sheath continuous production unit in the submarine cable preparation device provided in Figure 3.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a submarine cable preparation device, including an aluminum-plastic composite tape + sheath continuous production unit 6.
  • the aluminum-plastic composite tape + sheath continuous production unit 6 is used to The aluminum-plastic composite tape is wrapped longitudinally on the outside of the second semiconductor water-resistant tape wrapping layer 17 to form an aluminum-plastic composite tape layer 18, and the extruded material is extruded on the outside of the aluminum-plastic composite tape layer 18 to form a sheath layer 19.
  • the aluminum-plastic composite belt + sheath continuous production unit 6 can realize simultaneous and continuous production of the aluminum-plastic composite belt layer 18 and the sheath layer 19.
  • the aluminum-plastic composite belt + sheath continuous production unit 6 includes a first tape unwinding machine 61, a second tape unwinding machine 62, a welding machine 64 and a tape storage machine 63.
  • the first tape unwinding machine 61 is provided with a first aluminum-plastic composite tape.
  • the belt 611 is provided with a second aluminum-plastic composite belt 621 on the second belt unwinding machine 62.
  • the tape storage machine 63 is used to store the first aluminum-plastic composite belt 611 of a predetermined length during the belt change process of the first belt unwinding machine 61.
  • the welding machine 64 is used to weld and connect the first aluminum-plastic composite belt 611 and the second aluminum-plastic composite belt 621 of a predetermined length during the belt splicing process of the second belt unwinding machine 62 .
  • the aluminum-plastic composite tape + sheath continuous production unit 6 can realize the continuous production of aluminum-plastic composite tape and sheath, avoiding the problem of breakage of the aluminum-plastic composite tape layer 18 during the production process, thereby improving the production efficiency of submarine cables. .
  • the aluminum-plastic composite belt + sheath continuous production unit 6 continuously produces the aluminum-plastic composite belt layer 18 and the sheath layer 19, which can improve the consistency of the aluminum-plastic composite belt layer 18 and the sheath layer 19, thereby making the aluminum-plastic composite belt
  • the water-blocking performance of the comprehensive water-blocking layer composed of layer 18 and sheath layer 19 remains consistent at different locations.
  • the materials of the first aluminum-plastic composite belt 611 and the second aluminum-plastic composite belt 621 are the same, and both are aluminum-plastic composite belts.
  • the welding machine 64 can be a welding machine commonly used in this field, and no specific settings are made here. When the welding machine 64 welds the first aluminum-plastic composite strip 611 and the second aluminum-plastic composite strip 621, the welding seam The strength needs to reach more than 90% of the body strength of the aluminum-plastic composite strip, and it is necessary to ensure that the welds have no leakage, penetration or other abnormalities.
  • the remaining length of the first aluminum-plastic composite tape 611 on the first tape unwinding machine 61 is a predetermined length
  • the first aluminum-plastic composite tape 611 of the predetermined length needs to be stored in the tape storage machine 63 and prepared.
  • the second aluminum-plastic composite tape 621 on the second tape unwinding machine 62 is connected with the first aluminum-plastic composite tape 611 on the first tape unwinding machine 61 to avoid the problem of the aluminum-plastic composite tape layer 18 being broken during the production process. .
  • the submarine cable preparation device also includes a monofilament drawing unit 1, a water-blocking conductor stranding unit 2, a three-layer co-extrusion unit 3, a semiconductive wrapping unit 4, a metal shielding wrapping unit 5 and an optical fiber composite+ Cabling unit 7.
  • the single wire drawing unit 1 is used to draw metallic copper into soft copper wire.
  • the single wire drawing unit 1 can be a large copper drawing machine.
  • the water-blocking conductor twisting unit 2 is used to twist the semiconducting water-resistant tape and multiple soft copper wires to form the water-blocking conductor 11.
  • the water-blocking conductor stranding unit 2 may be a frame stranding machine.
  • the three-layer co-extrusion unit 3 is used to extrude the conductor shielding material, insulation material and insulation shielding material on the outside of the water-blocking conductor 11 to form the conductor shielding layer 12, the insulation layer 13 and the insulation shielding layer 14.
  • the three-layer co-extrusion unit 3 may include a conductor shielding extruder, an insulation extruder and an insulation shielding extruder.
  • the material of the conductor shielding layer 12 may be polyethylene.
  • the material of the insulating layer 13 may be cross-linked polyethylene.
  • the material of the insulating shielding layer 14 may be polyethylene.
  • the semiconducting wrapping machine 4 is used to wrap the semiconducting hose around the outside of the insulating shielding layer 14 to form a first semiconducting hose wrapping layer 15 and a second semiconducting hose wrapping layer 17 .
  • the semiconductive wrapping machine group 4 may include two wrapping machines.
  • the metal shield wrapping unit 5 is used to wrap metal wires and metal tapes on the outside of the first semiconductor water-resistant tape wrapping layer 15 to form a metal wire shielding layer 161 and a metal tape shielding layer 162 .
  • the metal shield wrapping unit 5 may include a metal wire frame stranding machine 51 and a metal belt frame stranding machine.
  • the optical fiber composite + cabling unit 7 is used to strand the electrical unit 10 and the optical unit 20.
  • the filler 30 is filled in the gap and outside between the electrical unit 10 and the optical unit 20, and the wrapping tape, inner sheath material, The armored steel wire and the outer coating material are respectively wrapped on the outside of the combined whole of the electrical unit 10, the optical unit 20 and the filler 30 to form a submarine cable.
  • the optical fiber composite + cabling unit 7 can be composed of a vertical cabling machine, a wrapping machine, an armoring machine and an extruder commonly used in this field.
  • the first tape putting machine 61 includes a first fixed platform 612, a first tape putting reel 613, a first magnetic powder brake 614, a first guide wheel 615 and a first guide wheel bracket 616.
  • the first tape putting reel 613 can Rotationally installed on the first fixed platform 612, the first magnetic powder brake 614 is arranged on the first fixed platform 612, the first magnetic powder brake 614 is connected with the first tape reel 613, the first aluminum-plastic composite tape 611 is wound around the first On the tape release reel 613, the first magnetic powder brake 614 is used to maintain a predetermined tension after the first aluminum-plastic composite tape 611 is released; the first guide wheel bracket 616 is fixed on the first fixed platform 612, and the first guide wheel 615 is installed on On the first guide wheel bracket 616, the first guide wheel 615 is located in the releasing direction of the first aluminum-plastic composite belt 611.
  • the first guide wheel 615 is used to position the first aluminum-plastic composite belt 611 after the first aluminum-plastic composite belt 611 is released
  • the first fixing platform 612 is fixed on the ground by welding or bolts.
  • the first tape placing reel 613 can be driven and rotated on the first fixed platform 612 by a motor, and the first tape putting reel 613 is wound with a first aluminum-plastic composite tape 611 .
  • the first magnetic powder brake 614 is a magnetic powder brake commonly used in this field. For example, you can choose a magnetic powder brake with a rated torque of 8N ⁇ m and a slip power of 1200W.
  • the first guide wheel 615 serves as a guide, so that after the first aluminum-plastic composite tape 611 is released, it is located below the water-blocking conductor 11 formed with the second semiconductor water-resistant tape wrapping layer 17 .
  • the second tape putting machine 62 includes a second fixed platform 622, a second tape putting reel 623, a second magnetic powder brake 624, a second guide wheel 625 and a second guide wheel bracket 626.
  • the second tape putting reel 623 can Rotatingly installed on the second fixed platform 622, the second magnetic powder brake 624 is arranged on the second fixed platform 622, the second magnetic powder brake 624 is connected to the second tape release reel 623, and the second aluminum-plastic composite tape 621 is wound around the second On the tape release reel 623, the second magnetic powder brake 624 is used to maintain a predetermined tension after the second aluminum-plastic composite tape 621 is released; the second guide wheel bracket 626 is fixed on the second fixed platform 622, and the second guide wheel 625 is installed on On the second guide wheel bracket 626, the second guide wheel 625 is located in the releasing direction of the second aluminum-plastic composite belt 621.
  • the second guide wheel 625 is used to position the second aluminum-plastic composite belt 621 after the second aluminum-plastic composite belt 6
  • the second fixing platform 622 is fixed on the ground by welding or bolts.
  • the second tape placing reel 623 can be driven to rotate by the motor on the second fixed platform 622.
  • the disk 623 is wrapped with a second aluminum-plastic composite tape 621 .
  • the second magnetic powder brake 624 is a magnetic powder brake commonly used in this field. For example, you can choose a magnetic powder brake with a rated torque of 8N ⁇ m and a slip power of 1200W.
  • the second guide wheel 625 plays a guiding role, so that the second aluminum-plastic composite tape 621 is located below the water-blocking conductor 11 formed with the second semi-conductive water-resistant tape wrapping layer 17 after being released.
  • the tape changing process of the first tape unwinding machine 61 requires that the first aluminum-plastic composite tape 611 of the predetermined length be stored when the remaining length of the first aluminum-plastic composite tape 611 on the first tape unwinding machine 61 is a predetermined length.
  • the tape storage machine 63 prepare to connect the second aluminum-plastic composite tape 621 on the second tape unwinding machine 62 with the first aluminum-plastic composite tape 611 on the first tape unwinding machine 61 to prevent the aluminum-plastic composite tape from being The problem of belt breakage occurred during the production process.
  • the combined thickness of the first aluminum-plastic composite tape 611 and the second aluminum-plastic composite tape 621 cannot meet the requirements of the submarine cable, it is necessary to prepare a new first tape unwinding machine 61 on the first tape unwinding machine 62 during use of the second tape unwinding machine 62 .
  • the aluminum-plastic composite tape 611 is used to ensure the continuous production of the aluminum-plastic composite tape layer 18 and the sheath layer 19.
  • the tape changing process of the second tape unwinding machine 62 is the same as the tape changing process of the first tape unwinding machine 61. This is not the case. Be specific.
  • the aluminum-plastic composite strip + sheath continuous production unit 6 also includes a longitudinal wrapping machine 65, an extruder 66 cooling water tank 67, a tractor 68 and a take-up frame 69.
  • the longitudinal wrapping machine 65 is used to resist water in the second semiconductor
  • the aluminum-plastic composite belt layer 18 is synchronously formed outside the belt wrapping layer 17.
  • the extruder 66 is used to synchronously extrude the sheath layer 19 after the longitudinal wrapping machine 65.
  • the cooling water tank 67 is used to cool the sheath layer 19.
  • the tractor 68 It is used to pull the water-blocking conductor 11 formed with the aluminum-plastic composite tape layer 18 and the sheath layer 19 onto the take-up frame 69.
  • the extruder 66 can be a commonly used extruder in this field, and no specific settings are made here.
  • the cooling water tank 67 includes four water tanks.
  • the four water tanks cool the sheath layer 19 in sequence.
  • the temperatures of the four water tanks are 50-60°C, 35-45°C, 20-30°C and 5-15°C respectively, so that This can ensure uniform cooling of the sheath layer 19, and can also reduce the internal stress of the sheath layer 19, thereby ensuring the surface quality of the sheath layer 19.
  • the tractor 68 can be a tractor commonly used in this field, and no specific settings are made here.
  • the pulling speed of the tractor 68 depends on the specific solidification conditions. In some embodiments, the pulling speed of the tractor 68 is 2-10 meters/minute, which can enhance the cooling effect.
  • the wire take-up frame 69 can be a commonly used wire take-up frame in this field, and no specific setting is made here.
  • the tape storage machine 63 includes a tape storage wheel 631, a tape storage box 632 and a tension wheel 633.
  • the box 632 is provided with a holding cavity
  • the tape storage wheel 631 is installed in the tape storage box 632 near the end of the first aluminum-plastic composite tape 611 entering the tape storage box 632
  • the tension wheel 633 is installed in the tape storage box 632 near the first aluminum-plastic composite tape. 611 leaves one end of the tape storage box 632.
  • the tape storage wheel 631 is used to store the first aluminum-plastic composite tape 611 of a predetermined length in the accommodation cavity during the tape change process of the first tape unwinding machine 61.
  • the tension wheel 633 is used to During the tape changing process, the first tape unwinding machine 61 provides the first aluminum-plastic composite tape 611 to the longitudinal wrapping machine 65 .
  • the number of the storage pulleys 631 is two, and the storage pulleys 631 are equipped with motors.
  • the number of tension wheels 633 is four, and every two tension wheels 633 form a group, and both groups of tension wheels 633 are equipped with motors.
  • the tape storage machine 63 When the tape storage machine 63 needs to store the first aluminum-plastic composite tape 611, the motor and the first magnetic powder brake 614 on the first tape unwinding machine 61 are stopped, and the motors configured with the tape storage wheel 631 and the tension wheel 633 are made to work.
  • the first aluminum-plastic composite tape 611 of a predetermined length is stored in the accommodation cavity of the tape storage box 632 through two storage rollers 631, and two sets of tension wheels 633 move the first aluminum-plastic composite tape 611 in the accommodation cavity longitudinally.
  • the charter machine 65 provides the first aluminum-plastic composite belt 611 .
  • the tape storage machine 63 also includes an adjustment rod 634, which is disposed in the accommodation cavity.
  • the adjustment rod 634 is used to adjust the distance of the tape storage box 632 in the width direction of the first aluminum-plastic composite tape 611, thereby preventing different Specifications of aluminum-plastic composite tapes may turn over during tape storage and discharge, causing the tape to break.
  • the tape storage box 632 includes two side plates along the width direction of the first aluminum-plastic composite tape 611 and two fixed plates along the length direction of the first aluminum-plastic composite tape 611. , the bottom plate is located in the vertical direction, two fixed plates are fixed on the bottom plate, and the two side plates are slidably located between the two fixed plates.
  • the adjusting rod 634 is arranged between the two side plates.
  • the adjusting rod 634 can adjust the distance between the two side plates, thereby preventing the aluminum-plastic composite belts of different specifications from turning over and causing the belt to break during the storage and discharge process.
  • Adjustment rod 634 may be a threaded rod.
  • the longitudinal wrapping machine 65 includes a longitudinal wrapping machine platform 651, a longitudinal wrapping mold 652 and a hot melt glue machine 653.
  • the longitudinal wrapping mold 652 is fixed on the longitudinal wrapping machine platform 651, and the first aluminum-plastic composite belt 611 or the second aluminum-plastic composite belt 621 is installed in the longitudinal packaging mold 652, and the hot melt glue machine 653 is arranged at the outlet of the longitudinal packaging mold 652.
  • the longitudinal charter machine 65 is located downstream of the tape storage machine 63 .
  • the longitudinal charter machine platform 651 is a square platform, and the longitudinal charter machine platform 651 is fixed on the ground.
  • the longitudinal wrapping mold 652 is a commonly used longitudinal wrapping mold in this field.
  • the longitudinal wrapping mold 652 can be made of metal plate. Roll into a trumpet shape.
  • the longitudinal wrapping mold 652 is fixed on the longitudinal wrapping machine platform 651 through two bolts.
  • the hot melt glue machine 653 is a hot melt glue machine commonly used in this field.
  • the hot melt glue machine 653 is used to apply hot melt glue to the overlapping parts of the aluminum-plastic composite strips that pass through the longitudinal packaging mold 652.
  • the number of the hot melt glue machines 653 is two, and one of the hot melt glue machines 653 is a backup hot melt glue machine.
  • the longitudinal wrapping machine 65 also includes a guide pulley 654 and a fairlead 655.
  • the guide pulley 654 and the fairlead 655 are fixed on the longitudinal wrapping machine platform 651.
  • the guide pulley 654 and the guide pulley 655 are located on the longitudinal wrapping mold 652.
  • the guide pulley 654 is used to extend the first aluminum-plastic composite belt 611 or the second aluminum-plastic composite belt 621 along the extension direction of the longitudinal package mold 652, and the guide pulley 655 is used to make the guide pulley 655 with the second semiconductor resistor
  • the water tape wraps around the water-blocking conductor 11 of the coating 17 and extends along the extending direction of the longitudinal coating mold 652 .
  • first aluminum-plastic composite tape 611 or the second aluminum-plastic composite tape 621 entering the longitudinal overmolding mold 652 is located below the water-blocking conductor 11 with the second semiconductor water-resistant tape wrapping layer 17 entering into the longitudinal overmolding mold 652 .
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the metal wire frame stranding machine of the metal shielding wrapping unit in Figure 3;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the metal wire uniform distribution components of the metal wire frame stranding machine in Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the metal wire in Figure 6 Another state structural schematic diagram of the evenly distributed component;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the threading module of the evenly distributed metal wire component in Figure 6.
  • the metal shielding wrapping unit 5 includes a metal wire frame stranding machine 51; the metal wire frame stranding machine 51 includes a metal wire frame stranding machine body 511, a metal wire forming die 512 and a metal wire.
  • the evenly distributed metal wire component 513 is located between the main body 511 of the wire frame winch machine and the metal wire forming die 512.
  • the evenly distributed wire component 513 is fixed on the main body 511 of the wire frame winch machine.
  • the evenly distributed metal wire component 513 is used to distribute multiple metal wires evenly in the circumferential direction.
  • the wire frame winch main body 511 is used to provide multiple wires.
  • the metal wire forming mold 512 is used to twist a plurality of metal wires on the outside of the first semiconductor water-resistant tape wrapping layer 15 .
  • the metal wire uniform distribution component 513 evenly distributes multiple metal wires in the circumferential direction, thereby avoiding the problem of uneven distribution and easy accumulation of multiple metal wires during the twisting process, and thereby also avoiding the axial potential of the submarine cable. Uneven distribution and increased longitudinal voltage components cause local flashover problems.
  • the evenly distributed metal wire assembly 513 includes a threading module 5131, a circular distribution plate 5132 and an oil-free bushing 5133.
  • the number of threading modules 5131 corresponds to the number of metal wires.
  • Each threading module 5131 is provided with a threading hole 5143 for metal wires to pass through.
  • Each threading hole is embedded with an oil-free bushing 5133.
  • the threading module 5131 is evenly fixed along the circular direction of the circular distribution plate 5132. On the circular distribution plate 5132.
  • the threading module 5131 is made of 45 steel.
  • the threading module 5131 includes one threading block 5141 and two clamping blocks 5142. Both the threading block 5141 and the clamping block 5142 are rectangular in shape. Two clamping blocks 5142 fix one end of the threading block 5141 and enclose a clamping space. The other end of the threading block 5141 is provided with a threading hole 5143.
  • the shape of the circular distribution plate 5132 is annular.
  • the circular line distribution plate 5132 is provided with scale lines 5144.
  • the scale lines 5144 evenly distribute the circular line distribution plate 5132 in the circumferential direction, thereby ensuring that the threading modules 5131 are evenly distributed through the scale lines.
  • the round distribution plate 5132 is made of 45 steel.
  • the circular distribution plate 5132 is provided with outer slide rails 5145 and inner slide rails 5146 on both sides in the axial direction.
  • the outer slide rails 5145 and the inner slide rails 5146 are both circular slide rails, and the inner slide rails 5146 are located on the outer slide rails 5145 the inside of.
  • the two clamping blocks 5142 of the threading module 5131 are slidably arranged on the outer slide rail 5145 and the inner slide rail 5146.
  • the circular distribution disk 5132 is provided with a plurality of distribution disk fixing threaded holes 5149 , and the plurality of distribution disk fixing threaded holes 5149 are arranged along the circumferential direction. After the wire uniform distribution assembly 513 is assembled, the wire distribution tray fixing bolts pass through the distribution tray fixing threaded holes 5149 and are then fixed on the wire frame winch main body 511.
  • the threading module 5131 is provided with an external fixing threaded hole 5147 and an internal fixing threaded hole 5148. After the position of the threading module 5131 on the circular distribution plate 5132 is determined, the threading module 5131 can be fixed on the outer slide rail 5145 and the inner slide rail 5146 through the inner fixing bolts and the outer fixing bolts.
  • the outer slide rail 5145 and the inner slide rail 5146 need to be regularly coated with a thin layer of lubricating oil to facilitate the position adjustment of the threading module 5131 and prevent them from getting stuck.
  • the oil-free bushing 5133 is made of nanomaterials.
  • the oil-free bushing 5133 is embedded in the wire hole 5143.
  • the metal wire can be worn through the oil-free bushing 5133.
  • the oil-free bushing 5133 has a smooth surface and good wear resistance. , to prevent metal wires from being scratched.
  • the evenly distributed metal wire assembly 513 includes 20 threading modules 5131, a circular distribution plate 5132, 20 oil-free bushings 5133, 20 outer fixing bolts, 20 inner fixing bolts, Outer slide rail 5145, inner slide rail 5146, scale mark 5144, 6 breakout plates are fixed Set bolt.
  • the scale line 5144 divides the circular wiring plate 5132 into 100 grids, and the corresponding width of each two grids is consistent with the width of the threading module 5131.
  • the threading module 5131 can freely move on the outer slide rail 5145 and the inner slide rail 5146.
  • When using the evenly distributed metal wire assembly 513 first select the number of threading modules 5131 corresponding to the number of metal wires, and then evenly distribute them on the circular distribution plate 5132 through the scale line 5144. After the position of the threading module 5131 is determined, use the external fixing bolts
  • the inner fixing bolts are respectively fixed on the outer slide rail 5145 and the inner slide rail 5146.
  • Figure 9 is a structural block diagram of a method for preparing a submarine cable according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a method for preparing a submarine cable, which includes the following steps:
  • the single-wire drawing unit 1 draws metallic copper into soft copper wire; the water-blocking conductor twisting unit 2 twists the semiconducting water-resistant tape and multiple soft copper wires to form a water-blocking conductor 11.
  • the conductor shielding material, insulation material and insulating shielding material are extruded on the outside of the water-blocking conductor 11 through the three-layer co-extrusion unit 3 to form the conductor shielding layer 12, the insulating layer 13 and the insulating shielding layer 14.
  • the material of the conductor shielding layer 12 may be polyethylene.
  • the material of the insulating layer 13 may be cross-linked polyethylene.
  • the material of the insulating shielding layer 14 may be polyethylene.
  • S300 Form the water-blocking conductor 11 with the first semiconductor water-resistant tape wrapping layer 15, the metal shielding layer 16, and the second semiconductor water-resistant tape wrapping layer 17.
  • the first semiconducting water tape wrapping layer 15, the metal shielding layer 16 and the second semiconducting water tape wrapping layer 17 are sequentially generated outside the insulation shielding layer 14 through the semiconducting wrapping unit 4 and the metal shielding wrapping unit 5. .
  • S400 Form the water-blocking conductor 11 with the aluminum-plastic composite tape layer 18 and the sheath layer 19.
  • the aluminum-plastic composite tape + sheath continuous production unit 6 wraps the aluminum-plastic composite tape longitudinally on the outside of the second semiconductive water-resistant tape wrapping layer 17 to form an aluminum-plastic composite tape layer 18, and the extruded material is extruded on the aluminum A sheath layer 19 is formed on the outside of the plastic composite tape layer 18 .
  • the electrical unit 10 and the optical unit 20 are twisted through the optical fiber composite + cabling unit 7, and the filler 30 is filled in the gap and outside between the electrical unit 10 and the optical unit 20, and the wrapping tape and the inner
  • the sheath material, the armored steel wire and the outer coating material are respectively wrapped around the outside of the combined whole of the electrical unit 10, the optical unit 20 and the filler 30 to form a submarine cable.
  • the submarine cable provided in the embodiments of the present application can be produced by the preparation method and preparation device provided in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the preparation method of the submarine cable is realized by using the preparation device of the submarine cable.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种海底电缆的制备装置及其制备方法，涉及电缆技术领域。其中，海底电缆的制备装置，包括单丝拉制机组、阻水导体绞合机组、三层共挤机组、半导电绕包机组、金属屏蔽绕包机组、铝塑复合带+护套连续生产机组和光纤复合+成缆机组。海底电缆的制备方法，包括如下步骤：形成阻水导体；形成带有导体屏蔽层、绝缘层和绝缘屏蔽层的阻水导体；形成带有第一半导电阻水带绕包层、金属屏蔽层和第二半导电阻水带绕包层的阻水导体；形成带有铝塑复合带层和护套层的阻水导体；形成海底电缆。通过铝塑复合带+护套连续生产机组可以实现铝塑复合带和护套连续生产，避免了铝塑复合带层在生产过程中出现断带的问题。

Description

海底电缆的制备装置及其制备方法
本申请要求于2022年03月31日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210327640.8、申请名称为“海底电缆的制备装置及其制备方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电缆技术领域，尤其涉及一种海底电缆的制备装置及其制备方法。
背景技术
海底电缆是用绝缘材料包裹的导线，敷设在海底及河流水下，用于电信传输。海底电缆的应用越来越广泛，特别是在海洋工程、跨海通信、风电并网和新能源开发等领域。海底电缆包括电单元、光单元、填充件、内护层、铠装层和外护层。
相关技术中，为了海底电缆能够在复杂的海底环境中具有较好的阻水性能，电单元选用铝塑复合带和护套作为综合阻水层。
然而，在大长度的海底电缆在生产过程中，会出现综合阻水层无法连续生产的问题。
发明内容
本申请提供一种海底电缆的制备装置及其制备方法，以解决在大长度的海底电缆在生产过程中，会出现综合阻水层无法连续生产的问题。
一方面，本申请提供一种海底电缆的制备装置，包括单丝拉制机组、阻水导体绞合机组、三层共挤机组、半导电绕包机组、金属屏蔽绕包机组、光纤复合+成缆机组和铝塑复合带+护套连续生产机组；
所述单丝拉制机组和所述阻水导体绞合机组用于生产海底电缆的阻水导体；所述三层共挤机组用于在所述阻水导体外形成导体屏蔽层、绝缘层和绝缘屏蔽层；所述半导电绕包机组和所述金属屏蔽绕包机组用于在所述绝缘屏蔽层外依次生成第一半导电阻水带绕包层、金属屏蔽层和第二半 导电阻水带绕包层；
所述铝塑复合带+护套连续生产机组，包括第一放带机、第二放带机、焊接机和储带机，所述第一放带机设置有第一铝塑复合带，所述第二放带机上设置有第二铝塑复合带，所述储带机用于在所述第一放带机进行换带过程中存储预定长度的所述第一铝塑复合带，所述焊接机用于在所述第二放带机进行接带过程中将预定长度的所述第一铝塑复合带与所述第二铝塑复合带焊接连接；
所述光纤复合+成缆机组用于形成所述海底电缆。
可选地，所述第一放带机包括第一固定台、第一放带盘和第一磁粉制动器，所述第一放带盘可转动的安装在所述第一固定台上，所述第一磁粉制动器设置在所述第一固定台上，所述第一磁粉制动器与所述第一放带盘连接，所述第一铝塑复合带缠绕在所述第一放带盘上，所述第一磁粉制动器用于使所述第一铝塑复合带放出后保持预定的张力；
所述第二放带机包括第二固定台、第二放带盘和第二磁粉制动器，所述第二放带盘可转动的安装在所述第二固定台上，所述第二磁粉制动器设置在所述第二固定台上，所述第二磁粉制动器与所述第二放带盘连接，所述第二铝塑复合带缠绕在所述第二放带盘上，所述第二磁粉制动器用于使所述第二铝塑复合带放出后保持预定的张力。
可选地，所述第一放带机还包括第一导轮和第一导轮支架，所述第一导轮支架固定在所述第一固定台上，所述第一导轮安装在所述第一导轮支架上，所述第一导轮位于所述第一铝塑复合带的放出方向上，所述第一导轮用于使所述第一铝塑复合带放出后位于形成有所述第二半导电阻水带绕包层的阻水导体的下方；
所述第二放带机还包括第二导轮和第二导轮支架，所述第二导轮支架固定在所述第二固定台上，所述第二导轮安装在所述第二导轮支架上，所述第二导轮位于所述第二铝塑复合带的放出方向上，所述第二导轮用于使所述第二铝塑复合带放出后位于形成有所述第二半导电阻水带绕包层的阻水导体的下方。
可选地，所述铝塑复合带+护套连续生产机组还包括纵包机、挤塑机、冷却水槽、牵引机和收线架；
所述纵包机用于在第二半导电阻水带绕包层外同步形成铝塑复合带层；所述挤塑机用于在所述纵包机后同步挤出护套层；所述冷却水槽用于对所述护套层进行冷却；所述牵引机用于将形成带有铝塑复合带层和护套层的所述阻水导体牵引至所述收线架上。
可选地，所述纵包机包括纵包机台、纵包模和热熔胶机，所述纵包模固定在所述纵包机台上，所述第一铝塑复合带或所述第二铝塑复合带穿设在所述纵包模中，所述热熔胶机设置在所述纵包模的出口。
可选地，所述纵包机还包括导带轮和导缆轮，所述导带轮和所述导缆轮固定在所述纵包机台上，所述导带轮和所述导缆轮位于所述纵包模的进口，所述导带轮用于使所述第一铝塑复合带或所述第二铝塑复合带沿着所述纵包模的延伸方向延伸，所述导缆轮用于使带有所述第二半导电阻水带绕包层的阻水导体沿着所述纵包模的延伸方向延伸。
可选地，所述冷却水槽包括四个水槽，四个所述水槽沿着依次对所述护套层进行冷却，四个所述水槽的温度分别为50～60℃、35～45℃、20～30℃和5～15℃。
可选地，所述储带机包括储带轮、储带箱和张力轮，所述储带箱设置有容纳腔体，所述储带轮安装在所述储带箱靠近所述第一铝塑复合带进入所述储带箱的一端，所述张力轮安装在所述储带箱靠近所述第一铝塑复合带离开所述储带箱的一端，所述储带轮用于在所述第一放带机进行换带过程中向所述容纳腔体中存储预定长度的所述第一铝塑复合带，所述张力轮用于在所述第一放带机进行换带过程中向所述纵包机提供所述第一铝塑复合带。
可选地，所述储带机还包括调节杆，所述调节杆设置在所述容纳腔中，所述调节杆用于调节所述储带箱在所述第一铝塑复合带宽度方向的距离。
可选地，所述金属屏蔽绕包机组包括金属丝框绞机；所述金属丝框绞机包括金属丝框绞机主体、金属丝成型模具和金属丝均匀分布组件；所述金属丝均匀组件位于所述金属丝框绞机主体和所述金属丝成型模具之间，所述金属丝均匀分布组件固定在所述金属丝框绞机主体上，所述金属丝均匀分布组件用于多根金属丝在圆周方向均匀分布；
所述金属丝均匀分布组件包括穿线模块、圆形分线盘和无油衬套；
所述穿线模块的数量与所述金属丝的数量对应设置，每个所述穿线模块设置有用于所述金属丝穿过的穿丝孔，每个所述穿丝孔嵌设所述无油衬套，所述穿线模块沿着所述圆形分线盘的圆形方向均匀固定在所述圆形分线盘上。
另一方面，本申请提供一种海底电缆的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
形成阻水导体；
形成带有导体屏蔽层、绝缘层和绝缘屏蔽层的所述阻水导体；
形成带有第一半导电阻水带绕包层、金属屏蔽层和第二半导电阻水带绕包层的所述阻水导体；
形成带有铝塑复合带层和护套层的所述阻水导体；
形成海底电缆；
其中，所述制备方法采用如上所述的海底电缆的制备装置来实现。
可选地，所述阻水导体由半导电阻水带和多根软铜丝绞合而成，所述阻水导体的截面面积为50～500mm2。
可选地，所述第一半导电阻水带绕包层和所述第二半导电阻水带绕包层均由单层重叠绕包的半导电阻水带构成，所述第一半导电阻水带绕包层和所述第二半导电阻水带绕包层的绕包方向相同，所述第一半导电阻水带绕包层和所述第二半导电阻水带绕包层的厚度均为0.5～1mm，所述第一半导电阻水带绕包层和所述第二半导电阻水带绕包层搭盖率均不小于20％。
可选地，所述金属屏蔽层包括金属丝屏蔽层和金属带屏蔽层，所述金属丝屏蔽层采用金属丝在所述第一半导电阻水带绕包层的外侧，所述金属带屏蔽层采用金属带间隙绕包在所述金属丝屏蔽层的外侧；
所述金属丝屏蔽层与所述金属带屏蔽层的绕包方向相同，所述金属丝屏蔽层与所述第一半导电阻水带绕包层的绕包方向相反，所述金属丝屏蔽层绕包的节距值为所述海底电缆的缆芯外径的10～12倍，所述金属带屏蔽层的间隙宽度为所述金属带宽度的2～5倍。
可选地，所述护套层包括绝缘聚乙烯护套层和半导电聚乙烯护套层，所述绝缘聚乙烯护套层挤包在所述铝塑复合带层的外侧，所述半导电聚乙烯护套层挤包在所述绝缘聚乙烯护套层的外侧，所述半导电聚乙烯护套层的厚度为0.5～1mm。
本申请提供一种海底电缆的制备装置及其制备方法，通过铝塑复合带+护套连续生产机组可以实现铝塑复合带和护套连续生产，避免了铝塑复合带层在生产过程中出现断带的问题。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供一种海底电缆的结构示意图；
图2为图1中提供的海底电缆中电单元的结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供一种海底电缆的制备装置的结构框图；
图4为图3中提供的海底电缆的制备装置中的铝塑复合带+护套连续生产机组的应用结构示意图；
图5为图3中金属屏蔽绕包机组的金属丝框绞机的结构示意图；
图6为图5中金属丝框绞机的金属丝均匀分布组件的结构示意图；
图7为图6中金属丝均匀分布组件的另一状态结构示意图；
图8为图6中金属丝均匀分布组件的穿线模块的结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供一种海底电缆的制备方法的结构框图。
附图标记说明：
10-电单元；20-光单元；30-填充件；40-包带层；50-内垫层；60-铠装层；70-外被层；11-阻水导体；12-导体屏蔽层；13-绝缘层；14-绝缘屏蔽层；15-第一半导电阻水带绕包层；16-金属屏蔽层；161-金属丝屏蔽层；162-金属带屏蔽层；17-第二半导电阻水带绕包层；18-铝塑复合带层；19-护套层；191-绝缘聚乙烯护套层；192-半导电聚乙烯护套层；
1-单丝拉制机组；2-阻水导体绞合机组；3-三层共挤机组；4-半导电绕包机组；5-金属屏蔽绕包机组；6-铝塑复合带+护套连续生产机组；7-光纤复合+成缆机组；61-第一放带机；62-第二放带机；64-焊接机；63-储带机；65-纵包机；611-第一铝塑复合带；621-第二铝塑复合带；
612-第一固定台；613-第一放带盘；614-第一磁粉制动器；615-第一 导轮；616-第一导轮支架；622-第二固定台；623-第二放带盘；624-第二磁粉制动器；625-第二导轮；626-第二导轮支架；631-储带轮；632-储带箱；633-张力轮；634-调节杆；651-纵包机台；652-纵包模；653-热熔胶机；654-导带轮；655-导缆轮；66-挤塑机；67-冷却水槽；68-牵引机；69-收线架；
51-金属丝框绞机；511-金属丝框绞机主体；512-金属丝成型模具；513-金属丝均匀分布组件；5131-穿线模块；5132-圆形分线盘；5133-无油衬套；5141-穿线块；5142-夹持块；5143-穿丝孔；5144-刻度线；5145-外滑轨；
5146-内滑轨；5147-外固定螺纹孔；5148-内固定螺纹孔；5149-分线盘固定螺纹孔。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
需要说明的是，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接或彼此可通讯；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒 介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在以上描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
相关技术中，为了海底电缆能够在复杂的海底环境中具有较好的阻水性能，电单元选用铝塑复合带和护套作为综合阻水层。然而，在大长度的海底电缆在生产过程中，由于铝塑复合带的长度限制，需要对铝塑复合带进行换带和接带，从而会出现综合阻水层无法连续生产的问题。
为了解决上述问题，本申请提供一种海底电缆的制备装置及其制备方法，通过铝塑复合带+护套连续生产机组可以实现铝塑复合带和护套连续生产，避免了铝塑复合带层在生产过程中出现断带的问题。此外，铝塑复合带+护套连续生产机组连续生产铝塑复合带层和护套层，可以提高铝塑复合带层和护套层的一致性，从而使得铝塑复合带层和护套层构成的综合阻水层在不同位置的阻水性能保持一致。
下面结合具体实施例对本申请实施提供的海底电缆的制备装置及其制备方法进行详细说明。
图1为本申请实施例提供一种海底电缆的结构示意图；图2为图1中提供的海底电缆中电单元的结构示意图。
如图1和图2所示，本申请实施例提供一种海底电缆，包括电单元10、光单元20、填充件30、包带层40、内护层50、铠装层60和外被层70。
其中，电单元10的数量为3根。电单元10包括阻水导体11、导体屏 蔽层12、绝缘层13、绝缘屏蔽层14、第一半导电阻水带绕包层15、金属屏蔽层16、第二半导电阻水带绕包层17、铝塑复合带层18和护套层19，阻水导体11的外部依次设置有导体屏蔽层12、绝缘层13、绝缘屏蔽层14、第一半导电阻水带绕包层15、金属屏蔽层16、第二半导电阻水带绕包层17、铝塑复合带层18和护套层19。
阻水导体11由半导电阻水带和多根软铜丝绞合而成。本申请实施例对阻水导体11不做特别限定，可以根据实际的需要确定阻水导体11的截面面积。在一种可选的实施方式中，阻水导体11的截面面积为50～500mm2。
导体屏蔽层12包裹在阻水导体11的外部，导体屏蔽层12能够均匀屏蔽阻水导体11的电场，防止电磁波干扰海底电缆的传输信号，提高海底电缆的传输性能。本申请实施例对导体屏蔽层12不做特别限定，可以根据海底电缆电压等级确定导体屏蔽层12的厚度。导体屏蔽层12的厚度范围为0.7～1.3mm。
导体屏蔽层12的材质可以为聚乙烯。在其它实现方式中，屏蔽层12也可以选用其它材质，在此不做具体设置。
绝缘层13包裹在导体屏蔽层12的外部，绝缘层13能够保证电单元10的绝缘性，避免相邻两个电单元10被击穿。本申请实施例对绝缘层13的厚度不做特别限定，可以根据实际需要确定绝缘层13的厚度。在一种可选的实施方式中，绝缘层13的厚度为3.4～16mm。
绝缘层13的材质可以为交联聚乙烯。在其它实现方式中，绝缘层13也可以选用其它材质，在此不做具体设置。
绝缘屏蔽层14包裹在绝缘层13的外部，绝缘屏蔽层14能够均匀绝缘层13的电场，防止电磁波干扰海底电缆的传输信号，提高海底电缆的传输性能。本申请实施例对绝缘屏蔽层14不做特别限定，可以根据海底电缆电压等级确定绝缘屏蔽层14的厚度。绝缘屏蔽层14的厚度范围为0.7～1.3mm。
绝缘屏蔽层14的材质可以为聚乙烯。在其它实现方式中，绝缘屏蔽层14也可以选用其它材质，在此不做具体设置。
第一半导电阻水带绕包层15采用单层重叠绕包的半导电阻水带绕包在绝缘屏蔽层14的外侧，第一半导电阻水带绕包层15用于起到阻水作用。 第一半导电阻水带绕包层15采用的半导电阻水带可以根据实际的需要确定半导电阻水带的厚度。在一种可选的实施方式中，第一半导电阻水带绕包层15的厚度为0.5～1mm，第一半导电阻水带绕包层15搭盖率均不小于20％。
金属屏蔽层16包括金属丝屏蔽层161和金属带屏蔽层162，金属屏蔽层16用于对电磁进行屏蔽。金属丝屏蔽层161采用金属丝绕包在第一半导电阻水带绕包层15的外侧。金属带屏蔽层162采用金属带绕包在金属丝屏蔽层161的外侧。金属丝屏蔽层161采用金属丝的直径可为1mm；金属带屏蔽层162采用的金属带的厚度为1mm，金属带屏蔽层162采用的金属带的宽度可以根据实际的需要确定。在一种可选的实施方式中，金属丝屏蔽层161与金属带屏蔽层162的绕包方向相同，金属丝屏蔽层161与第一半导电阻水带绕包层15的绕包方向相反，金属丝屏蔽层161绕包的节距值为海底电缆的缆芯外径的10～12倍,，金属带屏蔽层162的间隙宽度为金属带宽度的2～5倍。
第二半导电阻水带绕包层17采用单层重叠绕包的半导电阻水带绕包在金属带屏蔽层162的外侧，第二半导电阻水带绕包层17用于起到阻水作用。第二半导电阻水带绕包层17采用的半导电阻水带可以根据实际的需要确定半导电阻水带的厚度。在一种可选的实施方式中，第二半导电阻水带绕包层17的厚度为0.5～1mm，第二半导电阻水带绕包层17搭盖率均不小于20％。
需要说明的是，第一半导电阻水带绕包层15和第二半导电阻水带绕包层17的绕包方向相同。
铝塑复合带层18采用铝塑复合带纵包在第二半导电阻水带绕包层17的外侧，铝塑复合带层18用于起到阻水作用。铝塑复合带层18采用的铝塑复合带可以根据实际的需要确定铝塑复合带的搭接宽度。在一种可选的实施方式中，铝塑复合带层18的搭接宽度可以为选用的铝塑复合带宽度的10％。
护套层19挤包在铝塑复合带层18的外侧，护套层19用于起到阻水作用。护套层19可以根据实际的需要确定护套层19的厚度。在一种可选的实施方式中，护套层19包括绝缘聚乙烯护套层191和半导电聚乙烯护 套层192，绝缘聚乙烯护套层191挤包在铝塑复合带层18的外侧，半导电聚乙烯护套层192挤包在绝缘聚乙烯护套层191，半导电聚乙烯护套层192的厚度为0.5～1mm，从而可以保证海底电缆电场的稳定性。
铝塑复合带层18和护套层19形成综合阻水层。
光单元20由内到外依次包括光纤、不锈钢管、聚乙烯内护层、钢丝铠装层、聚乙烯外护层。光单元20与电单元10绞合在一起。光单元20的数量为1～3根。
填充件30填充在电单元10、光单元20和包带层40之间的间隙中，填充件30用于增加缆重和提高缆的机械强度，同时保证缆芯圆整度。填充件30的数量为多个。填充件30可以为聚乙烯填充条或聚丙烯填充绳。
包带层40包裹在电单元10、光单元20和填充件30的外侧，包带层40用于保护电单元10、光单元20和填充件30，能够延长海底电缆的使用寿命。本申请实施例对包带层40不做特别限定，凡是可以保护电单元10、光单元20和填充件30的包带层都属于本申请实施例的保护范围之内。
包带层40的材质可以为聚乙烯或聚氨酯。本申请实施例对包带层40不做特别限定，可以根据实际的需要确定包带层40的厚度。在一种可选的实施方式中，包带层40的厚度为0.3mm。
内护层50包裹在包带层40的外侧，内护层50用于保护电单元10、光单元20和填充件30，能够延长海底电缆的使用寿命。本申请实施例对内护层50不做特别限定，凡是可以保护保护电单元10、光单元20和填充件30的内护层50都属于本申请实施例的保护范围之内。本申请实施例对内护层50不做特别限定，可以根据实际的需要确定内护层50的厚度。在一种可选的实施方式中，内护层50的厚度为2～3mm。
铠装层60由多根铠装钢丝异向缠绕形成。其中，铠装钢丝可以采用镀锌钢丝。铠装层60的层数为偶数层且至少为两层，可以提高海底电缆的耐磨性。本申请实施例对铠装层60不做特别限定，可以根据实际的需要确定铠装层60的厚度。在一种可选的实施方式中，铠装层60的厚度为3～6mm。
外被层70包裹在铠装层60的外侧，外被层70用于保护铠装层60，能够延长海底电缆的使用寿命。本申请实施例对外被层70不做特别限定， 凡是可以保护保护铠装层60的外被层70都属于本申请实施例的保护范围之内。本申请实施例对外被层70不做特别限定，可以根据实际的需要确定外被层70的厚度。在一种可选的实施方式中，外被层70的厚度为2～3mm。
具体地，外被层70的材质可以为高密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、线性低密度聚乙烯、聚氨酯等中的一种。
图3为本申请实施例提供一种海底电缆的制备装置的结构框图；图4为图3中提供的海底电缆的制备装置中的铝塑复合带+护套连续生产机组的应用结构示意图。
如图3和图4所示，本申请实施例还提供一种海底电缆的制备装置，包括铝塑复合带+护套连续生产机组6，铝塑复合带+护套连续生产机组6用于将铝塑复合带纵包在第二半导电阻水带绕包层17的外侧形成铝塑复合带层18，并将挤塑材料挤塑在铝塑复合带层18的外侧形成护套层19，铝塑复合带+护套连续生产机组6可以实现铝塑复合带层18和护套层19同步连续生产。
其中，铝塑复合带+护套连续生产机组6包括第一放带机61、第二放带机62、焊接机64和储带机63，第一放带机61设置有第一铝塑复合带611，第二放带机62上设置有第二铝塑复合带621，储带机63用于在第一放带机61进行换带过程中存储预定长度的第一铝塑复合带611，焊接机64用于在第二放带机62进行接带过程中将预定长度的第一铝塑复合带611与第二铝塑复合带621焊接连接。通过铝塑复合带+护套连续生产机组6可以实现铝塑复合带和护套连续生产，避免了铝塑复合带层18在生产过程中出现断带的问题，进而可以提高海底电缆的生产效率。此外，铝塑复合带+护套连续生产机组6连续生产铝塑复合带层18和护套层19，可以提高铝塑复合带层18和护套层19的一致性，从而使得铝塑复合带层18和护套层19构成的综合阻水层在不同位置的阻水性能保持一致。
第一铝塑复合带611和第二铝塑复合带621的材料一样，均为铝塑复合带。
焊接机64可以为本领域常用的焊接机，在此不做具体设置。焊接机64对第一铝塑复合带611和第二铝塑复合带621进行焊接时，焊缝的焊接 强度需要达到铝塑复合带的本体强度的90％以上，而且需要确保焊缝无漏焊、焊透等异常。
需要说明的是，第一放带机61上的第一铝塑复合带611的剩余长度为预定长度时需要将预定长度的第一铝塑复合带611存储在储带机63中，并准备将第二放带机62上的第二铝塑复合带621与第一放带机61上的第一铝塑复合带611连接起来，避免铝塑复合带层18在生产过程中出现断带的问题。
可选地，海底电缆的制备装置还包括单丝拉制机组1、阻水导体绞合机组2、三层共挤机组3、半导电绕包机组4、金属屏蔽绕包机组5和光纤复合+成缆机组7。
其中，单丝拉制机组1用于将金属铜拉制成软铜丝。单丝拉制机组1可以为铜大拉机。
阻水导体绞合机组2用于将半导电阻水带和多根软铜丝绞合形成阻水导体11。阻水导体绞合机组2可以为框绞机。
三层共挤机组3用于将导体屏蔽材料、绝缘材料和绝缘屏蔽材料挤塑在阻水导体11的外侧形成导体屏蔽层12、绝缘层13和绝缘屏蔽层14。三层共挤机组3可以包括导体屏蔽挤塑机、绝缘挤塑机和绝缘屏蔽挤塑机。
导体屏蔽层12的材料可以为聚乙烯。绝缘层13的材料可以为交联聚乙烯。绝缘屏蔽层14的材料可以为聚乙烯。
半导电绕包机组4用于将半导电阻水带绕包在绝缘屏蔽层14的外侧形成第一半导电阻水带绕包层15和第二半导电阻水带绕包层17。半导电绕包机组4可以包括两个绕包机。
金属屏蔽绕包机组5用于将金属丝和金属带绕包在第一半导电阻水带绕包层15的外侧形成金属丝屏蔽层161和金属带屏蔽层162。金属屏蔽绕包机组5可以包括金属丝框绞机51和金属带框绞机。
光纤复合+成缆机组7用于将电单元10与光单元20进行绞合，填充件30填充在电单元10与光单元20之间的间隙以及外侧，并将包带、内护层材料、铠装钢丝和外被层材料分别包覆在电单元10、光单元20和填充件30组合后的整体的外侧形成海底电缆。光纤复合+成缆机组7可以为本领域常用的立式成缆机、绕包机、铠装机和挤塑机组成。
还需要指出的是，图4除了铝塑复合带+护套连续生产机组6外，还有用于向纵包机65提供形成有第二半导电阻水带绕包层17的阻水导体11的配件。
可选地，第一放带机61包括第一固定台612、第一放带盘613、第一磁粉制动器614、第一导轮615和第一导轮支架616，第一放带盘613可转动的安装在第一固定台612上，第一磁粉制动器614设置在第一固定台612上，第一磁粉制动器614与第一放带盘613连接，第一铝塑复合带611缠绕在第一放带盘613上，第一磁粉制动器614用于使第一铝塑复合带611放出后保持预定的张力；第一导轮支架616固定在第一固定台612上，第一导轮615安装在第一导轮支架616上，第一导轮615位于第一铝塑复合带611的放出方向上，第一导轮615用于使第一铝塑复合带611放出后位于形成有第二半导电阻水带绕包层17的阻水导体11的下方。
其中，第一固定台612通过焊接或螺栓等方式固定在地面上。
第一放带盘613在第一固定台612上通过电机可驱动转动，第一放带盘613上缠绕有第一铝塑复合带611。
第一磁粉制动器614为本领域常用的磁粉制动器。例如，可以选择额定转矩为8N·m以及滑差功率为1200W的磁粉制动器。
第一导轮615起导向作用，使得第一铝塑复合带611放出后位于形成有第二半导电阻水带绕包层17的阻水导体11的下方。
可选地，第二放带机62包括第二固定台622、第二放带盘623、第二磁粉制动器624、第二导轮625和第二导轮支架626，第二放带盘623可转动的安装在第二固定台622上，第二磁粉制动器624设置在第二固定台622上，第二磁粉制动器624与第二放带盘623连接，第二铝塑复合带621缠绕在第二放带盘623上，第二磁粉制动器624用于使第二铝塑复合带621放出后保持预定的张力；第二导轮支架626固定在第二固定台622上，第二导轮625安装在第二导轮支架626上，第二导轮625位于第二铝塑复合带621的放出方向上，第二导轮625用于使第二铝塑复合带621放出后位于形成有第二半导电阻水带绕包层17的阻水导体11的下方。
其中，第二固定台622通过焊接或螺栓等方式固定在地面上。
第二放带盘623在第二固定台622上通过电机可驱动转动，第二放带 盘623上缠绕有第二铝塑复合带621。
第二磁粉制动器624为本领域常用的磁粉制动器。例如，可以选择额定转矩为8N·m以及滑差功率为1200W的磁粉制动器。
第二导轮625起导向作用，使得第二铝塑复合带621放出后位于形成有第二半导电阻水带绕包层17的阻水导体11的下方。
需要说明的是，第一放带机61换带过程为第一放带机61上的第一铝塑复合带611的剩余长度为预定长度时需要将预定长度的第一铝塑复合带611存储在储带机63中，并准备将第二放带机62上的第二铝塑复合带621与第一放带机61上的第一铝塑复合带611连接起来，避免铝塑复合带在生产过程中出现断带的问题。当第一铝塑复合带611和第二铝塑复合带621加起来扔不能满足海底电缆时，需要在第二放带机62使用过程中，在第一放带机61上重新备置第一铝塑复合带611，以保证铝塑复合带层18和护套层19连续生产，此时，第二放带机62的换带过程与第一放带机61换带过程相同，在此不做具体阐述。
可选地，铝塑复合带+护套连续生产机组6还包括纵包机65、挤塑机66冷却水槽67、牵引机68和收线架69，纵包机65用于在第二半导电阻水带绕包层17外同步形成铝塑复合带层18，挤塑机66用于在纵包机65后同步挤出护套层19，冷却水槽67用于对护套层19进行冷却，牵引机68用于将形成带有铝塑复合带层18和护套层19的阻水导体11牵引收线架69上。
其中，挤塑机66可以为本领域常用的挤塑机，在此不做具体设置。
冷却水槽67包括四个水槽，四个水槽沿着依次对护套层19进行冷却，四个水槽的温度分别为50～60℃、35～45℃、20～30℃和5～15℃，从而可以保证对护套层19进行均匀冷却，且还可以减少护套层19的内应力，进而可以保证护套层19的表面质量。
牵引机68可以为本领域常用的牵引机，在此不做具体设置。牵引机68的牵引速度视具体的固化情况而定。在一些实施方式中，牵引机68的牵引速度2-10米/分钟，能够加强冷却效果。
收线架69可以为本领域常用的收线架，在此不做具体设置。
可选地，储带机63包括储带轮631、储带箱632和张力轮633，储带 箱632设置有容纳腔体，储带轮631安装在储带箱632靠近第一铝塑复合带611进入储带箱632的一端，张力轮633安装在储带箱632靠近第一铝塑复合带611离开储带箱632的一端，储带轮631用于在第一放带机61进行换带过程中向容纳腔体中存储预定长度的第一铝塑复合带611，张力轮633用于在第一放带机61进行换带过程中向纵包机65提供第一铝塑复合带611。
其中，储带轮631的数量为两个，储带轮631配置有电机。张力轮633的数量为四个，每两个张力轮633为一组，两组张力轮633均配置有电机。
当储带机63需要储存第一铝塑复合带611时，将第一放带机61上的电机和第一磁粉制动器614停止工作，并使得储带轮631和张力轮633配置的电机工作，通过两个储带轮631将预定长度的第一铝塑复合带611存储在储带箱632的容纳腔体中，两组张力轮633将容纳腔体中的第一铝塑复合带611向纵包机65提供第一铝塑复合带611。
可选地，储带机63还包括调节杆634，调节杆634设置在容纳腔中，调节杆634用于调节储带箱632在第一铝塑复合带611宽度方向的距离，从而可以防止不同规格的铝塑复合带在储带放带过程中发生带材翻身导致卡断的情况。
其中，储带箱632的顶部设置有敞口，储带箱632包括沿着第一铝塑复合带611宽度方向的两侧板，沿着第一铝塑复合带611长度方向的两个固定板，位于竖直方向的底板，两个固定板固定在底板上，两侧板滑设在两个固定板之间。
调节杆634设置在两个两侧板之间，调节杆634可以调节两侧板之间的距离，从而可以防止不同规格的铝塑复合带在储带放带过程中发生带材翻身导致卡断的情况。调节杆634可以为螺纹杆。
可选地，纵包机65包括纵包机台651、纵包模652和热熔胶机653，纵包模652固定在纵包机台651上，第一铝塑复合带611或第二铝塑复合带621穿设在纵包模652中，热熔胶机653设置在纵包模652的出口。
其中，纵包机65位于储带机63的下游。纵包机台651为方形平台，纵包机台651固定在地面上。
纵包模652为本领域常用的纵包模具，纵包模652可以采用金属板材 卷制成喇叭形。纵包模652通过两个螺栓固定在纵包机台651上。
热熔胶机653为本领域常用的热熔胶机，热熔胶机653用于对穿过纵包模652的铝塑复合带重叠部位涂抹热熔胶。为了避免热熔胶机653涂胶过程胶口堵塞，热熔胶机653的数量为两个，其中一个热熔胶机653为备用热熔胶机。
可选地，纵包机65还包括导带轮654和导缆轮655，导带轮654和导缆轮655固定在纵包机台651上，导带轮654和导缆轮655位于纵包模652的进口，导带轮654用于使第一铝塑复合带611或第二铝塑复合带621沿着纵包模652的延伸方向延伸，导缆轮655用于使带有第二半导电阻水带绕包层17的阻水导体11沿着纵包模652的延伸方向延伸。
其中，进入纵包模652的第一铝塑复合带611或第二铝塑复合带621位于进入纵包模652的带有第二半导电阻水带绕包层17的阻水导体11的下方。
图5为图3中金属屏蔽绕包机组的金属丝框绞机的结构示意图；图6为图5中金属丝框绞机的金属丝均匀分布组件的结构示意图；图7为图6中金属丝均匀分布组件的另一状态结构示意图；图8为图6中金属丝均匀分布组件的穿线模块的结构示意图。
可选地，如图5至图8所示，金属屏蔽绕包机组5包括金属丝框绞机51；金属丝框绞机51包括金属丝框绞机主体511、金属丝成型模具512和金属丝均匀分布组件513；金属丝均匀分布组件513位于金属丝框绞机主体511和金属丝成型模具512之间，金属丝均匀分布组件513固定在金属丝框绞机主体511上，金属丝均匀分布组件513用于多根金属丝在圆周方向均匀分布。
其中，金属丝框绞机主体511用于提供多根金属丝。金属丝成型模具512用于将多根金属丝绞合在第一半导电阻水带绕包层15的外侧。
金属丝均匀分布组件513将多根金属丝在圆周方向均匀分布，从而能够避免多根金属丝在绞合过程中出现金属丝分布不均匀且容易堆积的问题，进而还可以避免海底电缆轴向电位分布不均匀以及纵向电压分量增加引起局部闪络的问题。金属丝均匀分布组件513包括穿线模块5131、圆形分线盘5132和无油衬套5133，穿线模块5131的数量与金属丝的数量对应 设置，每个穿线模块5131设置有用于金属丝穿过的穿丝孔5143，每个穿丝孔嵌设无油衬套5133，穿线模块5131沿着圆形分线盘5132的圆形方向均匀固定在圆形分线盘5132上。
具体地，穿线模块5131采用45钢制成。穿线模块5131包括一个穿线块5141和两个夹持块5142，穿线块5141和夹持块5142的形状均为长方形。两个夹持块5142固定穿线块5141的一端，两个夹持块5142围成夹持空间，穿线块5141的另一端设置有穿丝孔5143。
圆形分线盘5132的形状为圆环形。圆形分线盘5132上设置有刻度线5144，刻度线5144将圆形分线盘5132在圆周方向上均匀分布，从而通过刻度线可以保证穿线模块5131均匀分布。圆形分线盘5132采用45钢制成。
圆形分线盘5132在轴向两侧上均设置有外滑轨5145和内滑轨5146，外滑轨5145和内滑轨5146均为圆形滑轨，内滑轨5146位于外滑轨5145的内侧。穿线模块5131的两个夹持块5142滑设在外滑轨5145和内滑轨5146上。
圆形分线盘5132上设置有分线盘固定螺纹孔5149，分线盘固定螺纹孔5149的数量为多个，多个分线盘固定螺纹孔5149沿着圆周方向均设置。当金属丝均匀分布组件513组装后，通过分线盘固定螺栓穿过分线盘固定螺纹孔5149然后固定在金属丝框绞机主体511上。
需要说明的是，穿线模块5131上设置有外固定螺纹孔5147和内固定螺纹孔5148。当穿线模块5131在圆形分线盘5132上的位置确定后可以通过内固定螺栓和外固定螺栓将穿线模块5131固定在外滑轨5145和内滑轨5146上。外滑轨5145与内滑轨5146需定期涂一层薄薄的润滑油，方便穿线模块5131调整位置，不易卡死。
无油衬套5133采用纳米材料制成，无油衬套5133嵌设在穿丝孔5143中，金属丝可穿设无油衬套5133，无油衬套5133的表面光滑且耐磨性较好，可防止金属丝刮伤。
在一种可选的实施方式中，金属丝均匀分布组件513包括20个穿线模块5131、圆形分线盘5132、20个无油衬套5133、20个外固定螺栓、20个内固定螺栓、外滑轨5145、内滑轨5146、刻度线5144、6个分线盘固 定螺栓。刻度线5144将圆形分线盘5132上分为100格，每2格对应宽度与穿线模块5131宽度一致，穿线模块5131可以自由地在外滑轨5145与内滑轨5146上移动。金属丝均匀分布组件513使用时，首先选择与金属丝数量相对应数量的穿线模块5131，然后通过刻度线5144均匀分布在圆形分线盘5132上，穿线模块5131的位置确定后通过外固定螺栓与内固定螺栓分别固定在外滑轨5145与内滑轨5146上。
图9为本申请实施例提供一种海底电缆的制备方法的结构框图。
如图9所示，本申请实施例还提供一种海底电缆的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S100：形成阻水导体11。
通过单丝拉制机组1将金属铜拉制成软铜丝；阻水导体绞合机组2将半导电阻水带和多根软铜丝绞合形成阻水导体11。
S200：形成带有导体屏蔽层12、绝缘层13和绝缘屏蔽层14的阻水导体11。
通过三层共挤机组3将导体屏蔽材料、绝缘材料和绝缘屏蔽材料挤塑在阻水导体11的外侧形成导体屏蔽层12、绝缘层13和绝缘屏蔽层14。
导体屏蔽层12的材料可以为聚乙烯。绝缘层13的材料可以为交联聚乙烯。绝缘屏蔽层14的材料可以为聚乙烯。
S300：形成带有第一半导电阻水带绕包层15、金属屏蔽层16和第二半导电阻水带绕包层17的阻水导体11。
通过半导电绕包机组4和金属屏蔽绕包机组5在绝缘屏蔽层14外依次生成第一半导电阻水带绕包层15、金属屏蔽层16和第二半导电阻水带绕包层17。
S400：形成带有铝塑复合带层18和护套层19的阻水导体11。
通过铝塑复合带+护套连续生产机组6将铝塑复合带纵包在第二半导电阻水带绕包层17的外侧形成铝塑复合带层18，并将挤塑材料挤塑在铝塑复合带层18的外侧形成护套层19。
S500：形成海底电缆。
通过光纤复合+成缆机组7将电单元10与光单元20进行绞合，填充件30填充在电单元10与光单元20之间的间隙以及外侧，并将包带、内 护层材料、铠装钢丝和外被层材料分别包覆在电单元10、光单元20和填充件30组合后的整体的外侧形成海底电缆。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例提供的海底电缆可通过本申请实施例提供的制备方法和制备装置制得。海底电缆的制备方法采用海底电缆的制备装置来实现。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种海底电缆的制备装置，其特征在于，包括单丝拉制机组、阻水导体绞合机组、三层共挤机组、半导电绕包机组、金属屏蔽绕包机组、光纤复合+成缆机组和铝塑复合带+护套连续生产机组；
    所述单丝拉制机组和所述阻水导体绞合机组用于生产海底电缆的阻水导体；所述三层共挤机组用于在所述阻水导体外形成导体屏蔽层、绝缘层和绝缘屏蔽层；所述半导电绕包机组和所述金属屏蔽绕包机组用于在所述绝缘屏蔽层外依次生成第一半导电阻水带绕包层、金属屏蔽层和第二半导电阻水带绕包层；
    所述铝塑复合带+护套连续生产机组，包括第一放带机、第二放带机、焊接机和储带机，所述第一放带机设置有第一铝塑复合带，所述第二放带机上设置有第二铝塑复合带，所述储带机用于在所述第一放带机进行换带过程中存储预定长度的所述第一铝塑复合带，所述焊接机用于在所述第二放带机进行接带过程中将预定长度的所述第一铝塑复合带与所述第二铝塑复合带焊接连接；
    所述光纤复合+成缆机组用于形成所述海底电缆；
    所述铝塑复合带+护套连续生产机组还包括纵包机、挤塑机、冷却水槽、牵引机和收线架；
    所述纵包机用于在第二半导电阻水带绕包层外同步形成铝塑复合带层；所述挤塑机用于在所述纵包机后同步挤出护套层；所述冷却水槽用于对所述护套层进行冷却；所述牵引机用于将形成带有铝塑复合带层和护套层的所述阻水导体牵引至所述收线架上；
    所述冷却水槽包括四个水槽，四个所述水槽沿着依次对所述护套层进行冷却，四个所述水槽的温度分别为50～60℃、35～45℃、20～30℃和5～15℃；
    所述储带机包括储带轮、储带箱和张力轮，所述储带箱设置有容纳腔体，所述储带轮安装在所述储带箱靠近所述第一铝塑复合带进入所述储带箱的一端，所述张力轮安装在所述储带箱靠近所述第一铝塑复合带离开所述储带箱的一端，所述储带轮用于在所述第一放带机进行换带过程中向所述容纳腔体中存储预定长度的所述第一铝塑复合带，所述张力轮用于在所 述第一放带机进行换带过程中向所述纵包机提供所述第一铝塑复合带。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的海底电缆的制备装置，其特征在于，所述第一放带机包括第一固定台、第一放带盘和第一磁粉制动器，所述第一放带盘可转动的安装在所述第一固定台上，所述第一磁粉制动器设置在所述第一固定台上，所述第一磁粉制动器与所述第一放带盘连接，所述第一铝塑复合带缠绕在所述第一放带盘上，所述第一磁粉制动器用于使所述第一铝塑复合带放出后保持预定的张力；
    所述第二放带机包括第二固定台、第二放带盘和第二磁粉制动器，所述第二放带盘可转动的安装在所述第二固定台上，所述第二磁粉制动器设置在所述第二固定台上，所述第二磁粉制动器与所述第二放带盘连接，所述第二铝塑复合带缠绕在所述第二放带盘上，所述第二磁粉制动器用于使所述第二铝塑复合带放出后保持预定的张力。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的海底电缆的制备装置，其特征在于，所述第一放带机还包括第一导轮和第一导轮支架，所述第一导轮支架固定在所述第一固定台上，所述第一导轮安装在所述第一导轮支架上，所述第一导轮位于所述第一铝塑复合带的放出方向上，所述第一导轮用于使所述第一铝塑复合带放出后位于形成有所述第二半导电阻水带绕包层的阻水导体的下方；
    所述第二放带机还包括第二导轮和第二导轮支架，所述第二导轮支架固定在所述第二固定台上，所述第二导轮安装在所述第二导轮支架上，所述第二导轮位于所述第二铝塑复合带的放出方向上，所述第二导轮用于使所述第二铝塑复合带放出后位于形成有所述第二半导电阻水带绕包层的阻水导体的下方。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的海底电缆的制备装置，其特征在于，所述纵包机包括纵包机台、纵包模和热熔胶机，所述纵包模固定在所述纵包机台上，所述第一铝塑复合带或所述第二铝塑复合带穿设在所述纵包模中，所述热熔胶机设置在所述纵包模的出口。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的海底电缆的制备装置，其特征在于，所述纵包机还包括导带轮和导缆轮，所述导带轮和所述导缆轮固定在所述纵包机台上，所述导带轮和所述导缆轮位于所述纵包模的进口，所述导带轮用 于使所述第一铝塑复合带或所述第二铝塑复合带沿着所述纵包模的延伸方向延伸，所述导缆轮用于使带有所述第二半导电阻水带绕包层的阻水导体沿着所述纵包模的延伸方向延伸。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的海底电缆的制备装置，其特征在于，所述储带机还包括调节杆，所述调节杆设置在所述容纳腔中，所述调节杆用于调节所述储带箱在所述第一铝塑复合带宽度方向的距离。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的海底电缆的制备装置，其特征在于，所述金属屏蔽绕包机组包括金属丝框绞机；所述金属丝框绞机包括金属丝框绞机主体、金属丝成型模具和金属丝均匀分布组件；所述金属丝均匀组件位于所述金属丝框绞机主体和所述金属丝成型模具之间，所述金属丝均匀分布组件固定在所述金属丝框绞机主体上，所述金属丝均匀分布组件用于多根金属丝在圆周方向均匀分布；
    所述金属丝均匀分布组件包括穿线模块、圆形分线盘和无油衬套；
    所述穿线模块的数量与所述金属丝的数量对应设置，每个所述穿线模块设置有用于所述金属丝穿过的穿丝孔，每个所述穿丝孔嵌设所述无油衬套，所述穿线模块沿着所述圆形分线盘的圆形方向均匀固定在所述圆形分线盘上。
  8. 一种海底电缆的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    形成阻水导体；
    形成带有导体屏蔽层、绝缘层和绝缘屏蔽层的所述阻水导体；
    形成带有第一半导电阻水带绕包层、金属屏蔽层和第二半导电阻水带绕包层的所述阻水导体；
    形成带有铝塑复合带层和护套层的所述阻水导体；
    形成海底电缆
    其中，所述制备方法采用权利要求1-7任一项所述的海底电缆的制备装置来实现。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的海底电缆的制备方法，其特征在于，所述阻水导体由半导电阻水带和多根软铜丝绞合而成，所述阻水导体的截面面积为50～500mm2。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的海底电缆的制备方法，其特征在于，所述 第一半导电阻水带绕包层和所述第二半导电阻水带绕包层均由单层重叠绕包的半导电阻水带构成，所述第一半导电阻水带绕包层和所述第二半导电阻水带绕包层的绕包方向相同，所述第一半导电阻水带绕包层和所述第二半导电阻水带绕包层的厚度均为0.5～1mm，所述第一半导电阻水带绕包层和所述第二半导电阻水带绕包层搭盖率均不小于20％。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的海底电缆的制备方法，其特征在于，所述金属屏蔽层包括金属丝屏蔽层和金属带屏蔽层，所述金属丝屏蔽层采用金属丝在所述第一半导电阻水带绕包层的外侧，所述金属带屏蔽层采用金属带间隙绕包在所述金属丝屏蔽层的外侧；
    所述金属丝屏蔽层与所述金属带屏蔽层的绕包方向相同，所述金属丝屏蔽层与所述第一半导电阻水带绕包层的绕包方向相反，所述金属丝屏蔽层绕包的节距值为所述海底电缆的缆芯外径的10～12倍，所述金属带屏蔽层的间隙宽度为所述金属带宽度的2～5倍。
  12. 根据权利要求8所述的海底电缆的制备方法，其特征在于，所述护套层包括绝缘聚乙烯护套层和半导电聚乙烯护套层，所述绝缘聚乙烯护套层挤包在所述铝塑复合带层的外侧，所述半导电聚乙烯护套层挤包在所述绝缘聚乙烯护套层的外侧，所述半导电聚乙烯护套层的厚度为0.5～1mm。
PCT/CN2023/080624 2022-03-31 2023-03-09 海底电缆的制备装置及其制备方法 WO2023185414A1 (zh)

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