WO2024000692A1 - 同轴扬声器 - Google Patents

同轴扬声器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024000692A1
WO2024000692A1 PCT/CN2022/106757 CN2022106757W WO2024000692A1 WO 2024000692 A1 WO2024000692 A1 WO 2024000692A1 CN 2022106757 W CN2022106757 W CN 2022106757W WO 2024000692 A1 WO2024000692 A1 WO 2024000692A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
diaphragm
fixed
magnet
magnetic
magnetic gap
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Application number
PCT/CN2022/106757
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
任璋
钟志威
Original Assignee
瑞声光电科技(常州)有限公司
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Publication of WO2024000692A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024000692A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electroacoustic conversion, and in particular to a coaxial speaker.
  • a coaxial speaker refers to a speaker that integrates two speaker units and the two speaker units are arranged coaxially.
  • the sound sources of the two speaker units of the coaxial speaker can be located on the front of the coaxial speaker, that is, the two speaker units emit sound in the same direction, or they can be located on the front and back of the coaxial speaker, that is, the two speaker units emit sound in different directions. .
  • Each of the two speaker units of a coaxial speaker in the related art includes an independent vibration system and a magnetic circuit system. Typically, one of the two speaker units is used for treble sound and the other for bass sound. However, the coaxial speakers in the related art cannot effectively reduce the sound leakage when the front receiver is working to achieve the private call function.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a coaxial speaker that can effectively reduce sound leakage when a front receiver is working and realize a private call function.
  • the coaxial loudspeaker provided by the present invention includes a basin frame, a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system fixed to the basin frame.
  • the vibration system includes a diaphragm and a voice coil.
  • the magnetic circuit system has a transmission cavity and surrounds the transmission cavity. There is an inner magnetic gap set in the cavity and an outer magnetic gap set around the inner magnetic gap.
  • the inner magnetic gap includes a first magnetic gap and a second magnetic gap arranged at intervals.
  • the transfer cavity runs through the magnetic circuit system, so
  • the diaphragm includes a first diaphragm, a second diaphragm arranged around the first diaphragm, and a third diaphragm that vibrates in anti-phase with the first diaphragm.
  • the outer periphery of the first diaphragm and the third diaphragm are The inner periphery of the two diaphragms is fixed to the magnetic circuit system, the outer periphery of the second diaphragm is fixed to the frame, and the outer periphery of the third diaphragm is fixed to the magnetic circuit system facing away from the One side of the first diaphragm, and the first diaphragm and the third diaphragm seal the transmission cavity, the voice coil includes a component inserted into the first magnetic gap and drives the first diaphragm to vibrate. A first voice coil, a second voice coil inserted into the outer magnetic gap and driving the second diaphragm to vibrate, and a third voice coil inserted into the second magnetic gap and driving the third diaphragm to vibrate.
  • the magnetic circuit system includes a magnetic yoke and a main magnetic part surrounded by the outer magnetic gap.
  • the main magnetic part includes a first magnet fixed on the yoke, a first magnet installed on the first magnet, and a first magnet fixed on the yoke. Facing the second magnet and the main pole core on one side of the first diaphragm, the first magnet is provided with a first through hole, the second magnet is provided with a second through hole, and the main pole
  • the core includes a wall portion and a plate portion connected to the wall portion and sandwiched between the first magnet and the second magnet. One end of the wall portion is inserted into the first through hole and the third through hole is inserted into the wall portion.
  • a through hole is divided into the second magnetic gap and the first cavity, and the other end of the through hole is inserted into the second through hole and divides the second through hole into the first magnetic gap and the second cavity.
  • a third through hole is provided on the yoke, and the transmission cavity includes the third through hole, the first cavity and the second cavity.
  • the wall portion includes a first wall portion inserted into the first through hole and a second wall portion inserted into the second through hole
  • the plate portion includes a wall portion extending from the first wall portion and fixed therein.
  • a first plate portion is provided on the first magnet and a second plate portion is formed extending from the second wall portion and fixed between the first plate portion and the second magnet.
  • the first wall portion is a continuous annular structure or/and the second wall portion is a continuous annular structure.
  • the outer peripheral edge of the first diaphragm and the inner peripheral edge of the second diaphragm are both fixed to the second magnet, and the outer peripheral edge of the third diaphragm is fixed to the yoke away from the main body. one side of the magnet,
  • the magnetic circuit system further includes an auxiliary magnetic part fixed between the yoke and the frame and spaced apart from the main magnetic part to form the external magnetic gap.
  • the auxiliary magnetic part includes a third magnet fixed on the yoke and a auxiliary pole core fixed between the third magnet and the frame.
  • the second diaphragm includes an inner membrane body, an outer membrane body arranged around the inner membrane body, and a skeleton.
  • the skeleton includes a flat plate portion connecting the inner membrane body and the outer membrane body and a diaphragm extending from the inner membrane body.
  • the flat plate portion extends toward the outer magnetic gap to form a first connecting portion and is connected to the second voice coil.
  • the frame further includes a second connecting part extending from the flat plate part and spaced apart from the first connecting part.
  • the vibration system further includes an elastic support member, one end of the elastic support member is connected to the first connection part.
  • the second connecting part is connected, and the other end thereof is connected with the basin frame.
  • fixed frames are fixed on two opposite sides of the magnetic circuit system, and the outer peripheral edge of the first diaphragm and the outer peripheral edge of the third diaphragm are fixed on the inner wall of the fixed frame.
  • the coaxial speaker provided by the present invention provides anti-phase sound waves through the anti-phase vibration of the first vibration unit and the third vibration unit, so that the coaxial speaker can be offset by anti-phase sound waves in the far field, so that it can Reduce the sound leakage when the first vibration unit receiver is working and realize the private call function.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded view of the coaxial speaker provided by the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the main pole core of the coaxial speaker shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the coaxial loudspeaker frame shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the coaxial speaker shown in Figure 1 after assembly
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the coaxial speaker shown in FIG. 4 along the A-A direction.
  • the coaxial speaker includes a basin frame 1 and a vibration system 3 and a magnetic circuit system 5 fixed to the basin frame 1 .
  • the vibration system 3 includes a diaphragm 6 and a voice coil 7.
  • the voice coil 7 drives the diaphragm 6 to vibrate and produce sound.
  • the diaphragm 6 includes a first diaphragm 61 , a second diaphragm 63 arranged around the first diaphragm 61 , and a third diaphragm 65 that vibrates in anti-phase with the first diaphragm 61 .
  • the outer peripheral edge of the first diaphragm 61 and the inner peripheral edge of the second diaphragm 63 are both fixed to the magnetic circuit system 5.
  • the outer peripheral edge of the second diaphragm 63 is fixed to the basket frame 1.
  • the outer peripheral edge of the third diaphragm 65 is fixed to the magnetic circuit system 5.
  • the voice coil 7 includes a first voice coil 71 that drives the first diaphragm 61 to vibrate, a second voice coil 73 that drives the second diaphragm 63 to vibrate, and a third voice coil 75 that drives the third diaphragm 65 to vibrate.
  • the first diaphragm 61 and the first voice coil 71 constitute a first vibration unit
  • the second diaphragm 63 and the second voice coil 73 constitute a second vibration unit
  • the third diaphragm 65 and the third voice coil 75 constitute a third vibration unit.
  • the first vibration unit and the second vibration unit emit sound on the same side of the coaxial speaker
  • the third vibration unit emit sound on the other side of the coaxial speaker.
  • the first diaphragm 61, the second diaphragm 63, the third diaphragm 65, the first voice coil 71, the second voice coil 73 and the third voice coil 75 are all coaxially arranged. In this way, each vibration unit of the vibration system 3 can be arranged coaxially.
  • the sound generated by the vibration of the first diaphragm 61 has the first audio frequency range
  • the second diaphragm 63 The sound emitted by the generated vibration has the second audio frequency range
  • the third voice coil 75 the sound emitted by the vibration generated by the third diaphragm 65 has the first audio frequency range. This increases the frequency range of the coaxial speaker.
  • the first vibration in the far field is The anti-phase vibration of the unit and the third vibrating unit provides anti-phase sound waves for offset, reducing the sound leakage of the first vibrating unit receiver when it is working, thereby realizing the private call function.
  • the third vibration unit works as an active noise reduction unit.
  • the first audio range is high-frequency audio (that is, the first diaphragm 61 and the third diaphragm 65 provide high-frequency sound effects), and the second audio range is low-frequency audio (that is, the second diaphragm 63 Provides low-frequency sound effects).
  • the magnetic circuit system 5 has a transmission cavity 5A, an inner magnetic gap 5B arranged around the transfer cavity 5A, and an outer magnetic gap 5C arranged around the inner magnetic gap 5B.
  • the inner magnetic gap 5B includes a first magnetic gap 5B1 and a second magnetic gap 5B3 that are spaced apart.
  • the transmission cavity 5A runs through the magnetic circuit system 5, the first voice coil 71 is inserted into the first magnetic gap 5B1, the second voice coil 73 is inserted into the outer magnetic gap 5C, the third voice coil 75 is inserted into the second magnetic gap 5B3, and the first vibration coil 71 is inserted into the first magnetic gap 5B1.
  • the membrane 61 and the third diaphragm 65 seal the transmission cavity 5A. Since the first diaphragm 61 and the third diaphragm 65 seal the transmission cavity 5A, the first diaphragm 61 and the third diaphragm 65 can also ensure the waterproofness of the first audio unit.
  • the magnetic circuit system 5 includes a yoke 51 , a main magnetic part 53 surrounded by an external magnetic gap 5C, and an auxiliary part fixed between the yoke 51 and the chassis 1 and spaced apart from the main magnetic part 53 to form an external magnetic gap 5C.
  • Magnetic part 55 Magnetic part 55.
  • the yoke 51 is provided with a third through hole 511 .
  • the main magnetic part 53 includes a first magnet 531 fixed on the yoke 51 , a second magnet 533 provided on the side of the first magnet 531 facing the first diaphragm 61 , and a main pole core 535 .
  • the outer peripheral edge of the first diaphragm 61 and the inner peripheral edge of the second diaphragm 63 are both fixed to the second magnet 533 , and the outer peripheral edge of the third diaphragm 65 is fixed to a side of the yoke 51 away from the main magnet 53 . side.
  • a first through hole 532 is formed in the first magnet 531 . That is to say, the first magnet 531 has a continuous ring structure.
  • the second magnet 533 is provided with a second through hole 534 . That is to say, the second magnet 533 has a continuous ring structure.
  • the main pole core 535 includes a wall portion 536 and a plate portion 537 connected to the wall portion 536 and sandwiched between the first magnet 531 and the second magnet 533.
  • One end of the wall portion 536 is inserted into the first through hole 532 and the second magnet is inserted into the first through hole 532.
  • a through hole 532 is divided into a second magnetic gap 5B3 and a first cavity 5D.
  • the other end of the through hole 532 is inserted into the second through hole 534 and divided into a first magnetic gap 5B1 and a second cavity 5E.
  • the transfer cavity 5A includes a third through hole 511, a first cavity 5D and a second cavity 5E.
  • the wall portion 536 includes a first wall portion 53A inserted into the first through hole 532 and a second wall portion 53B inserted into the second through hole 534 ;
  • the plate portion 537 includes a portion extending from the first wall portion 53A.
  • the first plate portion 53C is formed and fixed on the first magnet 531 and the second plate portion 53D is formed and extended from the second wall portion 53B and fixed between the first plate portion 53C and the second magnet 533 . That is, the main pole core 535 is composed of two separate pole cores.
  • both the first wall portion 53A and the second wall portion 53B are continuous annular structures. That is to say, the second magnetic gap 5B3 and the first cavity 5D are separated by the first wall 53A, the first magnetic gap 5B1 and the second cavity 5E are separated by the second wall 53B, and the transfer cavity 5A The third through hole 511, the first cavity 5D and the second cavity 5E are included, but the first magnetic gap 5B1 and the second magnetic gap 5B3 are not included. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the first wall portion 53A and the second wall portion 53B can also be composed of multiple separate structures arranged at intervals.
  • the second magnetic gap 5B3 and the first cavity 5D can be connected through the gaps between the branches of the first wall portion 53A, and the first magnetic gap 5B1 and the second cavity 5E can be connected through the second wall.
  • the gaps between the separate bodies of the portion 53B are connected, and the transmission cavity 5A includes a first magnetic gap 5B1 and a second magnetic gap 5B3 in addition to the third through hole 511, the first cavity 5D and the second cavity 5E.
  • the auxiliary magnetic part 55 includes a third magnet 551 fixed on the yoke 51 and a auxiliary pole core 553 fixed between the third magnet 551 and the frame 1 . That is to say, the magnetic circuit system 5 is fixed to the basin frame 1 through the secondary pole core 553 and is fixed to the basin frame 1 .
  • the first magnet 531, the second magnet 533, and the third magnet 551 are all magnetized along the vibration direction of the diaphragm 6, and the first magnet 531 and the second magnet 533 are arranged oppositely with the same pole.
  • the first magnet 531 and the third magnet The magnetization direction of 551 is opposite.
  • first magnet 531, the second magnet 533 and the third magnet 551 may be artificial magnetic steel, or may be formed by processing natural magnets.
  • the main pole core 535 and the auxiliary pole core 553 are both made of magnetically conductive materials.
  • the magnetic circuit system 5 is not limited to the above structure.
  • the auxiliary magnetic part 55 may not be provided.
  • the magnetic circuit system 5 may be connected to the basket frame through the yoke 51 1 is fixed to the basin frame 1; alternatively, the external magnetic gap can also be formed by the spacing between the magnetic yoke and the main magnet.
  • the magnetic yoke is configured to include a bottom wall fixed on the first magnet 531 and an extension formed from the bottom wall. And it is spaced apart from the main magnet to form the side wall of the external magnetic gap.
  • the second diaphragm 63 includes an inner membrane body 631 , an outer membrane body 633 surrounding the inner membrane body 631 , and a frame 635 .
  • the frame 635 includes a flat plate connecting the inner membrane body 631 and the outer membrane body 633 . part 637 and a first connecting part 638 extending from the flat plate part 637 toward the outer magnetic gap 5C and connected to the second voice coil 73 .
  • the inner peripheral edge of the inner membrane body 631 is fixed to the second magnet 533
  • the outer peripheral edge of the outer membrane body 633 is fixed to the basin frame 1 .
  • the frame 635 also includes a second connecting portion 639 extending from the flat plate portion 637 and spaced apart from the first connecting portion 638 .
  • the vibration system 3 also includes an elastic support member 8 . One end is connected to the second connecting part 639 , and the other end is connected to the basin frame 1 .
  • two elastic support members 8 are provided, and the two elastic support members 8 are spaced apart along the long axis direction of the coaxial speaker. In this way, the elastic support member 8 can suppress the swing of the second voice coil 73 in the long axis direction, thereby improving the sound quality.
  • the elastic support member 8 includes a flexible circuit board 81 fixed on the side of the basin frame 1 away from the second diaphragm 63 and electrically connected to the second voice coil 73 , and an auxiliary circuit board 81 fixed on the side of the flexible circuit board 81 away from the second diaphragm 63 .
  • Diaphragm 83 Diaphragm 83.
  • fixed frames 57 are fixed on two opposite sides of the magnetic circuit system 5 , and the outer peripheral edges of the first diaphragm 61 and the third diaphragm 65 are fixed on the inner wall of the fixed frame 57 .
  • a fixing frame 57 is fixed on the side of the second magnet 533 facing away from the first magnet 531
  • a fixing frame 57 is also fixed on the side of the yoke 51 facing away from the first magnet 531 .
  • the first diaphragm 61 and the third diaphragm 65 are indirectly fixed on the magnetic circuit system 5 through the fixing frame 57 respectively, so that the opposite sides of the first diaphragm 61 and the third diaphragm 65 have Enough vibration space is provided to avoid constructing structures on the second magnet 533 and the yoke 51 to prevent the first diaphragm 61 and the third diaphragm 65 from vibrating, thereby conducive to increasing the volume of the second magnet 533 and the magnetic permeability of the yoke 51 To increase the magnetic field intensity in the inner magnetic gap 5B and the outer magnetic gap 5C.
  • the transmission cavity 5A also includes the space between the first diaphragm 61 and the magnetic circuit system 5 and the space between the third diaphragm 65 and the magnetic circuit system 5 .
  • the first diaphragm 61 and the third diaphragm 65 have the same structure.
  • the third diaphragm 65 includes a third membrane body 651 and a third dome 653.
  • the outer peripheral edge of the third membrane body 651 is fixed on the inner wall of the fixed frame 57.
  • the outer peripheral edge is fixed on the third dome 653.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种同轴扬声器，其包括盆架、振动系统和磁路系统，振动系统包括振膜和音圈，磁路系统具有传递腔、内磁间隙及外磁间隙，内磁间隙包括第一磁间隙和第二磁间隙，振膜包括第一振膜、第二振膜以及与第一振膜反相振动的第三振膜，第一振膜和第三振膜将传递腔封闭，音圈包括插入第一磁间隙并驱动第一振膜振动的第一音圈、插入外磁间隙并驱动第二振膜振动的第二音圈以及插入第二磁间隙并驱动第三振膜振动的第三音圈。本发明提供的同轴扬声器可以有效降低正面受话器工作时的漏音及实现隐私通话功能。

Description

同轴扬声器
【 技术领域】
本发明涉及电声转换领域，尤其涉及一种同轴扬声器。
【 背景技术】
同轴扬声器是指集成有两个扬声器单元且两个扬声器单元同轴设置的扬声器。同轴扬声器的两个扬声器单元的声源可位于同轴扬声器的正面，即两个扬声器单元的发声方向相同，也可位于同轴扬声器的正反面，即两个扬声器单元的发声方向不上同。
相关技术中的同轴扬声器的两个扬声器单元各自包含独立的振动系统和磁路系统。通常情况下，两个扬声器单元中的其中一个用于高音发声，另一个用于低音发声。然而相关技术中的同轴扬声器无法有效降低正面受话器工作时的漏音以实现隐私通话功能。
因此，有必要提处一种新的同轴扬声器来解决上述问题。
【 发明内容】
本发明的目的在于提供一种同轴扬声器，该同轴扬声器可以有效降低正面受话器工作时的漏音及实现隐私通话功能。
本发明提供的同轴扬声器，其包括盆架以及固持于所述盆架的振动系统和磁路系统，所述振动系统包括振膜和音圈，所述磁路系统具有传递腔、环绕所述传递腔设置的内磁间隙及环绕所述内磁间隙设置的外磁间隙，所述内磁间隙包括间隔设置的第一磁间隙和第二磁间隙，所述传递腔贯穿所述磁路系统，所述振膜包括第一振膜、环绕所述第一振膜设置的第二振膜以及与第一振膜反相振动的第三振膜，所述第一振膜的外周缘和所述第二振膜的内周缘均固定于所述磁路系统，所述第二振膜的外周缘固定于所述盆架，所述第三振膜的外周缘固定于所述磁路系统背离所述第一振膜的一侧，且所述第一振膜和所述第三振膜将所述传递腔封闭，所述音圈包括插入所述第一磁间隙并驱动所述第一振膜振动的第一音圈、插入所述外磁间隙并驱动所述第二振膜振动的第二音圈以及插入所述第二磁间隙并驱动所述第三振膜振动的第三音圈。
优选地，所述磁路系统包括磁轭及被所述外磁间隙环绕的主磁部，所述主磁部包括固设于所述磁轭上的第一磁体、设于所述第一磁体朝向所述第一振膜一侧的第二磁体以及主极芯，所述第一磁体上贯穿设有第一通孔，所述第二磁体上贯穿设有第二通孔，所述主极芯包括壁部及与所述壁部连接并夹设于所述第一磁体和所述第二磁体之间的板部，所述壁部的一端插入所述第一通孔并将所述第一通孔划分为所述第二磁间隙和第一腔，其另一端插入所述第二通孔并将所述第二通孔划分为所述第一磁间隙和第二腔，所述磁轭上贯穿设有第三通孔，所述传递腔包括所述所述第三通孔、所述第一腔及所述第二腔。
优选地，所述壁部包括插入所述第一通孔的第一壁部及插入所述第二通孔的第二壁部，所述板部包括自所述第一壁部延伸形成并固设于所述第一磁体上的第一板部及自所述第二壁部延伸形成并固设于所述第一板部和所述第二磁体之间的第二板部。
优选地，所述第一壁部为连续的环状结构或/和所述第二壁部为连续的环状结构。
优选地，所述第一振膜的外周缘和所述第二振膜的内周缘均固定于所述第二磁体，所述第三振膜的外周缘固定于所述磁轭背离所述主磁体的一侧，
优选地，所述磁路系统还包括固设于所述磁轭和所述盆架之间并与所述主磁部间隔形成所述外磁间隙的副磁部。
优选地，所述副磁部包括固设于所述磁轭上的第三磁体及固设于所述第三磁体和所述盆架之间的副极芯。
优选地，所述第二振膜包括内膜体、环绕所述内膜体设置的外膜体及骨架，所述骨架包括连接所述内膜体和所述外膜体的平板部及自所述平板部向所述外磁间隙延伸形成并与所述第二音圈连接的第一连接部。
优选地，所述骨架还包括自所述平板部延伸形成并与所述第一连接部间隔设置的第二连接部，所述振动系统还包括弹性支撑件，所述弹性支撑件的一端与所述第二连接部连接，其另一端与所述盆架连接。
优选地，所述磁路系统的两相对侧上均固设有固定框，所述第一振膜的外周缘和所述第三振膜的外周缘固定于所述固定框的内壁上。
与相关技术相比，本发明提供的同轴扬声器通过第一振动单元和第三振动单元的反相振动提供反相位声波以使得同轴扬声器在远场通过反相位声波进行抵消，从而可以降低第一振动单元受话器工作时的漏音及实现隐私通话功能。
【 附图说明】
图1为本发明提供的同轴扬声器的分解图；
图2为图1所示同轴扬声器中主极芯的结构示意图；
图3为图1所示同轴扬声器中骨架的结构示意图；
图4为图1所示同轴扬声器组装后的结构示意图；
图5为图4所示同轴扬声器沿A-A方向的剖视图。
【 具体实施方式】
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部份实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请结合参阅图1至图5，同轴扬声器包括盆架1以及固持于盆架1的振动系统3和磁路系统5。
振动系统3包括振膜6和音圈7，音圈7驱动振膜6振动发声。
振膜6包括第一振膜61、环绕第一振膜61设置的第二振膜63以及与第一振膜61反相振动的第三振膜65。第一振膜61的外周缘和第二振膜63的内周缘均固定于磁路系统5，第二振膜63的外周缘固定于盆架1，第三振膜65的外周缘固定于磁路系统5背离第一振膜61的一侧。
音圈7包括驱动第一振膜61振动的第一音圈71、驱动第二振膜63振动的第二音圈73以及驱动第三振膜65振动的第三音圈75。其中，第一振膜61和第一音圈71构成第一振动单元，第二振膜63和第二音圈73构成第二振动单元，第三振膜65和第三音圈75构成第三振动单元，且第一振动单元和第二振动单元在同轴扬声器的同一侧发声，第三振动单元在同轴扬声器的另一侧发声。
其中，第一振膜61、第二振膜63、第三振膜65、第一音圈71、第二音圈73及第三音圈75均同轴设置。如此可以使得振动系统3的各振动单元同轴设置。
需要说明的是，在第一音圈71的驱动作用下，第一振膜61所产生的振动发出的声音具有第一音频范围；在第二音圈73的驱动作用下，第二振膜63所产生的振动发出的声音具有第二音频范围；在第三音圈75的驱动作用下，第三振膜65所产生的振动发出的声音具有第一音频范围。如此可以增加同轴扬声器的频带范围。同时，又由于第一振膜61和第三振膜65分别布置于磁路系统5的相对两侧，且第一振膜61与第三振膜65反相振动，在远场通过第一振动单元和第三振动单元的反相振动提供反相位声波进行抵消，降低第一振动单元受话器工作时的漏音，从而实现隐私通话功能。其中，第一振动单元作为受话器工作时，第三振动单元作为主动降噪单元工作。
在本实施例中，优选地，第一音频范围为高频音频（即第一振膜61和第三振膜65提供高频音效），第二音频范围为低频音频（即第二振膜63提供低频音效）。
磁路系统5具有传递腔5A、环绕传递腔5A设置的内磁间隙5B及环绕内磁间隙5B设置的外磁间隙5C。内磁间隙5B包括间隔设置的第一磁间隙5B1和第二磁间隙5B3。其中，传递腔5A贯穿磁路系统5，第一音圈71插入第一磁间隙5B1，第二音圈73插入外磁间隙5C，第三音圈75插入第二磁间隙5B3，且第一振膜61和第三振膜65将传递腔5A封闭。由于第一振膜61和第三振膜65将传递腔5A封闭，因此，第一振膜61和第三振膜65也可以保证第一音频单元的防水性。
具体地，磁路系统5包括磁轭51、被外磁间隙5C环绕的主磁部53以及固设于磁轭51和盆架1之间并与主磁部53间隔形成外磁间隙5C的副磁部55。
磁轭51上贯穿设有第三通孔511。
主磁部53包括固设于磁轭51上的第一磁体531、设于第一磁体531朝向第一振膜61一侧的第二磁体533以及主极芯535。
在本实施例中，第一振膜61的外周缘和第二振膜63的内周缘均固定于第二磁体533，第三振膜65的外周缘固定于磁轭51背离主磁体53的一侧。
第一磁体531上贯穿设有第一通孔532。也就是说，第一磁体531呈连续的环状结构。
第二磁体533上贯穿设有第二通孔534。也就是说，第二磁体533呈连续的环状结构。
主极芯535包括壁部536及与壁部536连接并夹设于第一磁体531和第二磁体533之间的板部537，壁部536的一端插入第一通孔532并将所述第一通孔532划分为第二磁间隙5B3和第一腔5D，其另一端插入第二通孔534并将第二通孔534划分为第一磁间隙5B1和第二腔5E。其中，传递腔5A包括第三通孔511、第一腔5D及第二腔5E。
如图2和图5所示，壁部536包括插入第一通孔532的第一壁部53A及插入第二通孔534的第二壁部53B；板部537包括自第一壁部53A延伸形成并固设于第一磁体531上的第一板部53C及自第二壁部53B延伸形成并固设于第一板部53C和第二磁体533之间的第二板部53D。也就是说，主极芯535由两个单独的极芯构成。
在本实施例中，第一壁部53A和第二壁部53B均为连续的环状结构。也就是说，第二磁间隙5B3和第一腔5D之间被第一壁部53A隔开，第一磁间隙5B1和第二腔5E之间被第二壁部53B隔开，而传递腔5A包括第三通孔511、第一腔5D及第二腔5E，而不包括第一磁间隙5B1和第二磁间隙5B3。可以理解的是，在其他实施方式中，第一壁部53A和第二壁部53B也可以均由间隔设置的多个分体结构构成。也就是说，第二磁间隙5B3和第一腔5D之间可以通过第一壁部53A的各分体之间的间隙连通，第一磁间隙5B1和第二腔5E之间可以通过第二壁部53B的各分体之间的间隙连通，而传递腔5A除包括第三通孔511、第一腔5D及第二腔5E外，还包括第一磁间隙5B1和第二磁间隙5B3。
副磁部55包括固设于磁轭51上的第三磁体551及固设于第三磁体551和盆架1之间的副极芯553。也就是说，磁路系统5通过副极芯553与盆架1固定而实现与盆架1固定。
其中，第一磁体531、第二磁体533、第三磁体551均沿振膜6的振动方向充磁，且第一磁体531和第二磁体533同极相对设置，第一磁体531和第三磁体551的充磁方向相反。
需要说明的是，第一磁体531、第二磁体533及第三磁体551可以是人造磁钢，也可以是由天然磁石加工形成。主极芯535和副极芯553均由导磁材料制成。
还需要说明的是，磁路系统5并不局限于为上述结构，例如，在其他实施方式中，还可以不设置副磁部55，相应地，磁路系统5可以通过磁轭51与盆架1固定而实现与盆架1固定；或者，外磁间隙也可以由磁轭和主磁体间隔形成，具体地，磁轭设置成包括固设于第一磁体531的底壁及自底壁延伸形成并与主磁体间隔形成外磁间隙的侧壁。
如图3及图5所示，第二振膜63包括内膜体631、环绕内膜体631设置的外膜体633及骨架635，骨架635包括连接内膜体631和外膜体633的平板部637及自平板部637向外磁间隙5C延伸形成并与第二音圈73连接的第一连接部638。其中，内膜体631的内周缘固定于第二磁体533，外膜体633的外周缘固定于盆架1。
如图3及图5所示，骨架635还包括自平板部637延伸形成并与第一连接部638间隔设置的第二连接部639，振动系统3还包括弹性支撑件8，弹性支撑件8的一端与第二连接部639连接，其另一端与盆架1连接。
在本实施例中，弹性支撑件8设有两个，且两个弹性支撑件8沿同轴扬声器的长轴方向间隔设置。如此可以通过弹性支撑件8抑制第二音圈73在长轴方向上的摆动，从而提高发声质量。
弹性支撑件8包括固设于盆架1远离第二振膜63一侧并与第二音圈73电连接的柔性电路板81及固设于柔性电路板81远离第二振膜63一侧辅助振膜83。
在本实施例中，磁路系统5的两相对侧上均固设有固定框57，第一振膜61的外周缘和第三振膜65的外周缘固定于固定框57的内壁上。具体地，第二磁体533背离第一磁体531的一侧固定有一个固定框57，磁轭51背离第一磁体531的一侧亦固定有一个固定框57。也就是说，第一振膜61和第三振膜65均分别通过固定框57间接固定于磁路系统5上，如此可以使得第一振膜61和第三振膜65的相对两侧均具有足够的振动空间以避免在第二磁体533和磁轭51上做避让第一振膜61和第三振膜65振动的结构，从而有利于增加第二磁体533的体积及磁轭51的导磁性以增加内磁间隙5B和外磁间隙5C内的磁场强度。
还需要说明的是，由于第一振膜61和第三振膜65的相对两侧均具有足够的振动空间（即第一振膜61和第三振膜65均与磁路系统之间具有一定间隙），因此，在本实施例中，传递腔5A还包括第一振膜61与磁路系统5之间的空间以及第三振膜65与磁路系统5之间的空间。
在本实施例中，第一振膜61和第三振膜65具有相同的结构。以第三振膜65为例，第三振膜65包括第三膜体651和第三球顶653，第三膜体651的外周缘固定于固定框57的内壁上，第三膜体653的外周缘固定于第三球顶653。
以上所述的仅是本发明的实施方式，在此应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出改进，但这些均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种同轴扬声器，其包括盆架以及固持于所述盆架的振动系统和磁路系统，所述振动系统包括振膜和音圈，其特征在于：所述磁路系统具有传递腔、环绕所述传递腔设置的内磁间隙及环绕所述内磁间隙设置的外磁间隙，所述内磁间隙包括间隔设置的第一磁间隙和第二磁间隙，所述传递腔贯穿所述磁路系统，所述振膜包括第一振膜、环绕所述第一振膜设置的第二振膜以及与第一振膜反相振动的第三振膜，所述第一振膜的外周缘和所述第二振膜的内周缘均固定于所述磁路系统，所述第二振膜的外周缘固定于所述盆架，所述第三振膜的外周缘固定于所述磁路系统背离所述第一振膜的一侧，且所述第一振膜和所述第三振膜将所述传递腔封闭，所述音圈包括插入所述第一磁间隙并驱动所述第一振膜振动的第一音圈、插入所述外磁间隙并驱动所述第二振膜振动的第二音圈以及插入所述第二磁间隙并驱动所述第三振膜振动的第三音圈。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的同轴扬声器，其特征在于：所述磁路系统包括磁轭及被所述外磁间隙环绕的主磁部，所述主磁部包括固设于所述磁轭上的第一磁体、设于所述第一磁体朝向所述第一振膜一侧的第二磁体以及主极芯，所述第一磁体上贯穿设有第一通孔，所述第二磁体上贯穿设有第二通孔，所述主极芯包括壁部及与所述壁部连接并夹设于所述第一磁体和所述第二磁体之间的板部，所述壁部的一端插入所述第一通孔并将所述第一通孔划分为所述第二磁间隙和第一腔，其另一端插入所述第二通孔并将所述第二通孔划分为所述第一磁间隙和第二腔，所述磁轭上贯穿设有第三通孔，所述传递腔包括所述所述第三通孔、所述第一腔及所述第二腔。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的同轴扬声器，其特征在于：所述壁部包括插入所述第一通孔的第一壁部及插入所述第二通孔的第二壁部，所述板部包括自所述第一壁部延伸形成并固设于所述第一磁体上的第一板部及自所述第二壁部延伸形成并固设于所述第一板部和所述第二磁体之间的第二板部。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的同轴扬声器，其特征在于：所述第一壁部为连续的环状结构或/和所述第二壁部为连续的环状结构。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的同轴扬声器，其特征在于：所述第一振膜的外周缘和所述第二振膜的内周缘均固定于所述第二磁体，所述第三振膜的外周缘固定于所述磁轭背离所述主磁体的一侧。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的同轴扬声器，其特征在于：所述磁路系统还包括固设于所述磁轭和所述盆架之间并与所述主磁部间隔形成所述外磁间隙的副磁部。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的同轴扬声器，其特征在于：所述副磁部包括固设于所述磁轭上的第三磁体及固设于所述第三磁体和所述盆架之间的副极芯。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的同轴扬声器，其特征在于：所述第二振膜包括内膜体、环绕所述内膜体设置的外膜体及骨架，所述骨架包括连接所述内膜体和所述外膜体的平板部及自所述平板部向所述外磁间隙延伸形成并与所述第二音圈连接的第一连接部。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的同轴扬声器，其特征在于：所述骨架还包括自所述平板部延伸形成并与所述第一连接部间隔设置的第二连接部，所述振动系统还包括弹性支撑件，所述弹性支撑件的一端与所述第二连接部连接，其另一端与所述盆架连接。
  10. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的同轴扬声器，其特征在于：所述磁路系统的两相对侧上均固设有固定框，所述第一振膜的外周缘和所述第三振膜的外周缘固定于所述固定框的内壁上。
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