WO2023210631A1 - I/o回路、半導体装置、セルライブラリ、半導体装置の回路設計方法 - Google Patents
I/o回路、半導体装置、セルライブラリ、半導体装置の回路設計方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023210631A1 WO2023210631A1 PCT/JP2023/016260 JP2023016260W WO2023210631A1 WO 2023210631 A1 WO2023210631 A1 WO 2023210631A1 JP 2023016260 W JP2023016260 W JP 2023016260W WO 2023210631 A1 WO2023210631 A1 WO 2023210631A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/30—Circuit design
- G06F30/31—Design entry, e.g. editors specifically adapted for circuit design
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D89/00—Aspects of integrated devices not covered by groups H10D84/00 - H10D88/00
- H10D89/60—Integrated devices comprising arrangements for electrical or thermal protection, e.g. protection circuits against electrostatic discharge [ESD]
- H10D89/601—Integrated devices comprising arrangements for electrical or thermal protection, e.g. protection circuits against electrostatic discharge [ESD] for devices having insulated gate electrodes, e.g. for IGFETs or IGBTs
- H10D89/611—Integrated devices comprising arrangements for electrical or thermal protection, e.g. protection circuits against electrostatic discharge [ESD] for devices having insulated gate electrodes, e.g. for IGFETs or IGBTs using diodes as protective elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/30—Circuit design
- G06F30/38—Circuit design at the mixed level of analogue and digital signals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/30—Circuit design
- G06F30/39—Circuit design at the physical level
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D84/00—Integrated devices formed in or on semiconductor substrates that comprise only semiconducting layers, e.g. on Si wafers or on GaAs-on-Si wafers
- H10D84/40—Integrated devices formed in or on semiconductor substrates that comprise only semiconducting layers, e.g. on Si wafers or on GaAs-on-Si wafers characterised by the integration of at least one component covered by groups H10D12/00 or H10D30/00 with at least one component covered by groups H10D10/00 or H10D18/00, e.g. integration of IGFETs with BJTs
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D89/00—Aspects of integrated devices not covered by groups H10D84/00 - H10D88/00
- H10D89/10—Integrated device layouts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D89/00—Aspects of integrated devices not covered by groups H10D84/00 - H10D88/00
- H10D89/60—Integrated devices comprising arrangements for electrical or thermal protection, e.g. protection circuits against electrostatic discharge [ESD]
- H10D89/601—Integrated devices comprising arrangements for electrical or thermal protection, e.g. protection circuits against electrostatic discharge [ESD] for devices having insulated gate electrodes, e.g. for IGFETs or IGBTs
- H10D89/911—Integrated devices comprising arrangements for electrical or thermal protection, e.g. protection circuits against electrostatic discharge [ESD] for devices having insulated gate electrodes, e.g. for IGFETs or IGBTs using passive elements as protective elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2111/00—Details relating to CAD techniques
- G06F2111/20—Configuration CAD, e.g. designing by assembling or positioning modules selected from libraries of predesigned modules
Definitions
- the invention disclosed herein relates to an I/O [input/output] circuit, a semiconductor device, a cell library, and a circuit design method for a semiconductor device.
- circuit design of a semiconductor device is performed by arbitrarily combining multiple types of standard cells included in a cell library.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 can be cited as prior art related to the above.
- the invention disclosed herein aims to provide an I/O circuit that achieves both improved ESD resistance and reduced area.
- the I/O circuit disclosed in this specification is formed by arbitrarily combining a plurality of types of standard cells included in a cell library, and at least one of the plurality of types of standard cells is One is a first element formation area configured to form a protected element having a gate conductive to an external terminal, and a first element forming area configured to form a protected element provided with a gate conductive to an external terminal, and a first element forming area configured to form a protected element provided in the vicinity of the external terminal to protect the protected element from electrostatic damage.
- a second element formation region configured to form a first protection element for protection; a first transistor and a second element formation region disposed between the first element formation region and the second element formation region; a third element formation region configured such that a transistor is formed, at least one of the first transistor and the second transistor has a drain connected to the gate of the protected element, and a source and a gate. and a back gate are both connected to a constant potential terminal, thereby functioning as a second protection element for protecting the protected element from electrostatic damage.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a semiconductor device.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a first comparative example of an I/O circuit.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a second comparative example of the I/O circuit.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a third comparative example of the I/O circuit.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a novel embodiment of an I/O circuit.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a semiconductor device.
- the semiconductor device 1 of this configuration example is an LSI that integrates a CMOS [complementary MOS] circuit (logic/analog mixed circuit) that is mainly driven at 5 V or less.
- CMOS complementary MOS
- I/O circuit 10 having an ESD protection function and a signal input/output function is arranged.
- the semiconductor device 1 includes various internal circuits such as a logic circuit LOGIC, an analog circuit ANALOG, an interface circuit I/F, a nonvolatile memory NVM, and a volatile memory SRAM. , a digital/analog converter DAC, an analog/digital converter ADC, and a regulator LDO are integrated.
- the I/O circuit 10 may be arranged along the four sides of the semiconductor device 1 so as to surround the above-mentioned internal circuit in a plan view of the semiconductor device 1.
- the semiconductor device 1 controls a controller (such as an ECU [electronic control unit]) installed in various terminal devices (such as an LED [light emitting diode] lamp, a motor, or a switch) in response to a command via an in-vehicle network.
- a controller such as an ECU [electronic control unit]
- terminal devices such as an LED [light emitting diode] lamp, a motor, or a switch
- an in-vehicle network such as an LED [light emitting diode] lamp, a motor, or a switch
- IC integrated circuit
- the interface circuit I/F may be compliant with any in-vehicle network (for example, LIN [local interconnect network], CXPI [clock extension peripheral interface], and CAN [controller area network]).
- Modeled ESD includes MM [machine model] and CDM [charged device model].
- MM is a standardization of the phenomenon in which charge is released from a charged metal to an IC.
- CDM is a standardization of the phenomenon in which a charged IC releases charges to other conductors. The MM pulse and CDM pulse are damped oscillatory waveforms with short periods compared to other ESD pulses.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a first comparative example of the I/O circuit 10.
- the I/O circuit 10 of this comparative example has a protected element (in this figure, a P-channel transistor P1 (for example, PMOSFET) and an N-channel transistor N1 (for example, NMOSFET)) each having a gate that is electrically connected to an external terminal T1. ) are provided with electrostatic protection diodes D1 and D2 and a current limiting resistor R1 as means for protecting the electrostatic discharge device from damage caused by electrostatic discharge.
- a protected element in this figure, a P-channel transistor P1 (for example, PMOSFET) and an N-channel transistor N1 (for example, NMOSFET)
- electrostatic protection diodes D1 and D2 and a current limiting resistor R1 as means for protecting the electrostatic discharge device from damage caused by electrostatic discharge.
- the external terminal T1 is a terminal other than a power supply terminal and a ground terminal, and may be, for example, a signal input terminal, a signal output terminal, or a signal input/output terminal.
- the same problem as described above may occur in the transistor P1 as well. That is, if an ESD pulse (MM pulse or CDM pulse) is applied to the external terminal T1, there is a risk that the transistor P1 will be destroyed or its characteristics will shift.
- ESD pulse MM pulse or CDM pulse
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a second comparative example of the I/O circuit 10.
- the I/O circuit 10 of this comparative example is based on the aforementioned first comparative example (FIG. 2), but further includes an electrostatic protection diode D3.
- the I/O circuit 10 of this comparative example is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the external terminal T1 so that the transistor N1 is not destroyed or its characteristics are shifted even if an ESD pulse (MM pulse or CDM pulse) is applied to the external terminal T1.
- an electrostatic protection diode D1 and D2 there is provided an electrostatic protection diode D3 disposed immediately adjacent to the gate of the transistor N1.
- the electrostatic protection diode D3 allows current to flow when an ESD pulse (MM pulse or CDM pulse) is applied to the external terminal T1 to suppress the rise in gate potential of the transistor N1, thereby reducing the voltage between the gate and back gate of the transistor N1. serves to protect the battery from electrostatic damage.
- ESD pulse MM pulse or CDM pulse
- Such electrostatic protection diode D3 is called a secondary clamp.
- a secondary clamp may be provided between the gate and back gate of the transistor P1.
- an electrostatic protection diode D3 (or a diode-connected MOSFET) must be separately prepared in addition to the electrostatic protection diodes D1 and D2. This leads to an increase in the area of the I/O circuit 10.
- This figure basically depicts a circuit diagram of the I/O circuit 10. However, if attention is paid to the small broken line frame, it can also be understood as a depiction of a schematic circuit layout of the I/O circuit 10 in plan view.
- the I/O circuit 10 of this comparative example is formed by arbitrarily combining multiple types of standard cells included in the I/O cell library 100.
- the I/O cell library 100 is read from a circuit design program executed by a computer, and can be understood as a type of circuit design database.
- each of the plurality of types of standard cells described above is provided with an interface function (ESD protection function and signal input/output function) with the outside of the device.
- interface function ESD protection function and signal input/output function
- the multiple types of standard cells listed above have their own shapes and layouts so that even if one standard cell is replaced with another standard cell, there is no need to make any modifications to the standard cells placed around it. has been standardized.
- a circuit design method for the semiconductor device 1 (particularly the I/O circuit 10) using the I/O cell library 100 will be briefly described. First, a step of selecting and arranging a plurality of types of standard cells included in the I/O cell library 100 and combining them arbitrarily is carried out. Next, a step of laying power supply lines, signal lines, etc. to connect arbitrarily combined standard cells of a plurality of types and other circuit blocks is carried out. Finally, a step is performed to verify whether the designed circuit satisfies desired conditions (electrical characteristics, etc.).
- the I/O circuit 10 of this comparative example is formed by combining three types of I/O cells 110, 120, and 130 as the plurality of types of standard cells described above. There is.
- the I/O cell 1*0 includes a first element formation area 1*1, a second element formation area 1*2, a third element formation area 1*3, and a fourth element formation area 1*4. include.
- a P-channel type transistor P*1 for example, PMOSFET
- an N-channel type transistor N*1 are provided as protected elements having a gate conductive to an external terminal T*1. (for example, NMOSFET) is formed.
- the source and back gate of transistor P*1 are both connected to the power supply terminal.
- the source and back gate of transistor N*1 are both connected to the ground terminal.
- the drains of transistors P*1 and N*1 are both connected to the output terminal.
- the gates of transistors P*1 and N*1 are both connected to external terminal T*1 via current limiting resistor R*1.
- Transistors P*1 and N*1 connected in this way form a CMOS inverter (so-called I/O buffer).
- the second element formation region 1*2 is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the external terminal T*1. Electrostatic protection diodes D*1 and D*2 are formed in the second element formation region 1*2 as first protection elements for protecting transistors P*1 and N*1 from electrostatic damage. .
- the anode of the electrostatic protection diode D*1 is connected to the external terminal T*1.
- the cathode of the electrostatic protection diode D*1 is connected to the power supply terminal. In this way, the electrostatic protection diode D*1 is connected as the first upper protection element between the gates of the transistors P*1 and N*1 and the power supply terminal.
- the cathode of the electrostatic protection diode D*2 is connected to the external terminal T*1.
- the anode of the electrostatic protection diode D*2 is connected to the ground terminal. In this way, the electrostatic protection diode D*2 is connected between the gates of the transistors P*1 and N*1 and the ground terminal as the first lower protection element.
- the third element formation region 1*3 is located between the first element formation region 1*1 and the second element formation region 1*2 (in accordance with this figure, the first element formation region 1*1 and the second element formation region 1*2 are 4 element formation area 1*4).
- a P-channel type transistor P*2 for example, PMOSFET
- an N-channel type transistor N*2 for example, NMOSFET
- the fourth element formation area 1*4 is located between the first element formation area 1*1 and the second element formation area 1*2 (in accordance with this figure, the third element formation area 1*3 and the second element formation area 1*2). 2 element formation region 1*2).
- a current limiting resistor R*1 is formed which is connected between the gates of the transistors P*1 and N*1 and the external terminal T*1.
- I/O cells 110, 120, and 130 are each formed in the same rectangular shape in a plan view of the I/O circuit 10, and are arranged in the order shown in the drawing from the top of the paper.
- first element formation regions 111, 121, and 131 are each formed in the same rectangular shape in a plan view of the I/O circuit 10, and are arranged in the order shown in the drawing from the top of the paper. The same applies to the second element formation region 1*2, the third element formation region 1*3, and the fourth element formation region 1*4.
- the source, drain, gate, and back gate of the transistor P12 are all connected to the power supply terminal. That is, the transistor P12 is separated from the gates of the transistors P11 and N11 as a dummy transistor having no function.
- the drain of transistor N12 is connected to the gates of transistors P11 and N11, respectively.
- the source and back gate of transistor N12 are both connected to the ground terminal.
- the gate of the transistor N12 is connected to a bias potential end (for example, an intermediate potential between a power supply potential and a ground potential).
- a body diode is attached between the drain and source of the transistor N12, with the drain of the transistor N12 serving as a cathode and the back gate of the transistor N12 serving as an anode. Therefore, the transistor N12 also functions as a secondary clamp (corresponding to a second lower protection element) that protects the gate and backgate of the transistor N11 from electrostatic discharge damage.
- the source, drain, gate, and back gate of the transistor N22 are all connected to the ground terminal. That is, the transistor N22 is separated from the gates of the transistors P21 and N21 as a dummy transistor having no function.
- the drain of transistor P22 is connected to the gates of transistors P21 and N21.
- the source and back gate of the transistor P22 are both connected to the power supply terminal.
- the gate of the transistor P22 is connected to a bias potential end (for example, an intermediate potential between a power supply potential and a ground potential).
- the source, drain, gate, and back gate of the transistor P32 are all connected to the power supply terminal. Further, the source, drain, gate, and back gate of the transistor N32 are all connected to the ground terminal. That is, the transistors P32 and N32 are separated from the gates of the transistors P31 and N31, respectively, as dummy transistors having no function.
- the I/O cell 110 is added with a pull-down function by the transistor N12. Further, the I/O cell 120 is provided with a pull-up function using a transistor P22. On the other hand, in the I/O cell 130, both the pull-up function and the pull-down function are disabled by making both transistors P32 and N32 dummy.
- I/O cells 110, 120, and 130 in this figure the specifications of each of the external terminals T11, T21, and T31 can be adjusted. It is possible to design a wide variety of I/O circuits 10 according to the requirements.
- the I/O cell 130 that has neither a pull-up function nor a pull-down function has no secondary clamp at all. Therefore, when an ESD pulse (CDM pulse) is applied to the external terminal T31, there is a risk that the transistors P31 and N31 may be destroyed or their characteristics may be shifted, as in the first comparative example (FIG. 2).
- ESD pulse CDM pulse
- the I/O cells 110 and 120 also have only one of the upper and lower secondary clamps. Therefore, it is difficult to say that it is a complete ESD countermeasure (MM countermeasure or CDM countermeasure).
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a novel embodiment of I/O circuit 10. As shown in FIG. The I/O circuit 10 of this embodiment is constructed by combining three types of I/O cells 140, 150, and 160 included in the I/O cell library 100, as in the third comparative example (FIG. 4) mentioned above. It is formed.
- the I/O cell 1#0 includes a first element formation region 1#1, a second element formation region 1#2, a third element formation region 1#3, and a fourth element formation region 1#4. include.
- a P-channel type transistor P#1 for example, PMOSFET
- an N-channel type transistor N#1 are provided as protected elements having a gate conductive to the external terminal T#1. (for example, NMOSFET) is formed.
- the source and back gate of transistor P#1 are both connected to the power supply terminal.
- the source and back gate of transistor N#1 are both connected to the ground terminal.
- the drains of transistors P#1 and N#1 are both connected to the output terminal.
- the gates of transistors P#1 and N#1 are both connected to external terminal T#1 via current limiting resistor R#1.
- Transistors P#1 and N#1 connected in this manner form a CMOS inverter (so-called I/O buffer).
- the second element formation region 1#2 is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the external terminal T#1. Electrostatic protection diodes D#1 and D#2 are formed in the second element formation region 1#2 as first protection elements for protecting transistors P#1 and N#1 from electrostatic damage. .
- the anode of the electrostatic protection diode D#1 is connected to the external terminal T#1.
- the cathode of the electrostatic protection diode D#1 is connected to the power supply terminal. In this way, the electrostatic protection diode D#1 is connected as the first upper protection element between the gates of the transistors P#1 and N#1 and the power supply terminal.
- the cathode of the electrostatic protection diode D#2 is connected to the external terminal T#1.
- the anode of electrostatic protection diode D#2 is connected to the ground terminal. In this way, the electrostatic protection diode D#2 is connected between the gates of the transistors P#1 and N#1 and the ground terminal as a first lower protection element.
- the third element formation region 1#3 is located between the first element formation region 1#1 and the second element formation region 1#2 (in accordance with this figure, between the first element formation region 1#1 and the second element formation region 1#2). 4 element formation region 1#4).
- a P-channel type transistor P#2 for example, PMOSFET
- an N-channel type transistor N#2 for example, NMOSFET
- the fourth element formation region 1#4 is located between the first element formation region 1#1 and the second element formation region 1#2 (in accordance with this figure, between the third element formation region 1#3 and the second element formation region 1#2). 2 element formation region 1#2).
- a current limiting resistor R#1 is formed which is connected between the gates of the transistors P#1 and N#1 and the external terminal T#1.
- I/O cells 140, 150, and 160 are each formed in the same rectangular shape in a plan view of the I/O circuit 10, and are arranged in the order shown in the drawing from the top of the paper.
- first element formation regions 141, 151, and 161 are each formed in the same rectangular shape in a plan view of the I/O circuit 10, and are arranged in the order shown in the drawing from the top of the paper. The same applies to the second element formation region 1#2, the third element formation region 1#3, and the fourth element formation region 1#4.
- the source, gate, and back gate of the transistor P42 are all connected to the power supply terminal.
- the drain of transistor P42 is connected to the gates of transistors P41 and N41. Note that a body diode is attached between the drain and source of the transistor P42, with the drain of the transistor P42 serving as an anode and the back gate of the transistor P42 serving as a cathode. Therefore, the transistor P42 functions as a secondary clamp (corresponding to a second upper protection element) that protects between the gate and back gate of the transistor P41 from electrostatic discharge damage.
- the drain of transistor N42 is connected to the gates of transistors P41 and N41.
- the source and back gate of transistor N42 are both connected to the ground terminal.
- the gate of the transistor N42 is connected to a bias potential end (for example, an intermediate potential between the power supply potential and the ground potential).
- the drain of transistor P52 is connected to the gates of transistors P51 and N51.
- the source and back gate of the transistor P52 are both connected to the power supply terminal.
- the gate of the transistor P52 is connected to a bias potential end (for example, an intermediate potential between a power supply potential and a ground potential).
- the source, gate, and back gate of the transistor N52 are all connected to the ground terminal.
- the drain of transistor N52 is connected to the gates of transistors P51 and N51, respectively.
- a body diode is attached between the drain and source of the transistor N52, with the drain of the transistor N52 serving as a cathode and the back gate of the transistor N52 serving as an anode. Therefore, the transistor N52 functions as a secondary clamp (corresponding to a second lower protection element) that protects between the gate and back gate of the transistor N51 from electrostatic discharge damage.
- the source, gate, and back gate of the transistor P62 are all connected to the power supply terminal.
- the drain of transistor P62 is connected to the gates of transistors P61 and N61. Note that a body diode is attached between the drain and source of the transistor P62, with the drain of the transistor P62 serving as an anode and the back gate of the transistor P62 serving as a cathode. Therefore, the transistor P62 functions as a secondary clamp (corresponding to a second upper protection element) that protects between the gate and back gate of the transistor P61 from electrostatic discharge damage.
- the source, gate, and back gate of the transistor N62 are all connected to the ground terminal.
- the drain of transistor N62 is connected to the gates of transistors P61 and N61, respectively.
- a body diode is attached between the drain and source of the transistor N62, with the drain of the transistor N62 serving as a cathode and the back gate of the transistor N62 serving as an anode. Therefore, the transistor N62 functions as a secondary clamp (corresponding to a second lower protection element) that protects between the gate and back gate of the transistor N61 from electrostatic discharge damage.
- the I/O cell 140 is added with an upper secondary clamp function by the transistor P42 and a pull-down function and lower side secondary clamp function by the transistor N42. Further, the I/O cell 150 is provided with a pull-up function and an upper secondary clamp function by the transistor P52, and a lower secondary clamp function by the transistor N52. On the other hand, the I/O cell 160 has an upper secondary clamp function by the transistor P62 and a lower secondary clamp function by the transistor N62.
- the I/O circuit 10 of this embodiment has a pull-up element or a An element that is never used as a pull-down element is not made into a dummy, but is effectively utilized as a secondary clamp. Therefore, ESD countermeasures (MM countermeasures or CDM countermeasures) can be made stronger without increasing the area of I/O cell 1#0, so it is possible to improve ESD resistance and reduce the area at the same time. It becomes possible.
- ESD countermeasures MM countermeasures or CDM countermeasures
- the I/O circuit disclosed in this specification is formed by arbitrarily combining a plurality of types of standard cells included in a cell library, and at least one of the plurality of types of standard cells is One is a first element formation area configured to form a protected element having a gate conductive to an external terminal, and a first element forming area configured to form a protected element provided with a gate conductive to an external terminal, and a first element forming area configured to form a protected element provided in the vicinity of the external terminal to protect the protected element from electrostatic damage.
- a second element formation region configured to form a first protection element for protection; a first transistor and a second element formation region disposed between the first element formation region and the second element formation region; a third element formation region configured such that a transistor is formed, at least one of the first transistor and the second transistor has a drain connected to the gate of the protected element, and a source and a gate. and a back gate are both connected to a constant potential terminal, thereby functioning as a second protection element for protecting the protected element from electrostatic damage (first structure).
- the first protection element includes a first upper protection element configured to be connected between the gate of the protected element and a power supply terminal;
- a configuration (second configuration) including a first lower protection element configured to be connected between the gate of the protected element and the ground end may be adopted.
- the first transistor has a drain connected to the gate of the protected element, and a source, gate, and back gate all connected to a power supply terminal.
- the second transistor functions as a second upper protection element, and the second transistor has its drain connected to the gate of the protected element, its source and backgate both connected to a ground terminal, and its gate connected to a bias potential terminal.
- a configuration (third configuration) may be adopted in which the second lower protection element functions as a pull-down element and a second lower protection element.
- the first transistor has a drain connected to the gate of the protected element, a source and a back gate both connected to a power supply terminal, and a gate connected to the gate.
- the second transistor functions as a pull-up element and a second upper protection element by being connected to the bias potential terminal, and the second transistor has a drain connected to the gate of the protected element and a source, gate, and back gate all grounded.
- a configuration (fourth configuration) may be adopted in which the second lower protection element is connected to the end thereof to function as a second lower protection element.
- the first transistor has a drain connected to the gate of the protected element, and a source, gate, and back gate all connected to a power supply terminal.
- the second transistor functions as a second upper protection element, and the second transistor has a drain connected to the gate of the protected element and a source, gate, and back gate all connected to a ground terminal, thereby functioning as a second lower protection element.
- a configuration (fifth configuration) that functions as a protection element may be used.
- the protected element has a source and a back gate connected to a power supply terminal, a drain connected to an output terminal, and a gate connected to the external
- a P-channel transistor configured to be connected to the terminal, a drain connected to the output terminal, a source and a back gate both connected to a ground terminal, and a gate connected to the external terminal.
- a configuration (sixth configuration) including an N-channel transistor may also be used.
- the I/O circuit according to any one of the first to sixth configurations is arranged between the first element formation region and the second element formation region, and connects the gate of the protected element and the external terminal.
- a configuration (seventh configuration) may also be adopted that further includes a fourth element formation region configured such that a current limiting resistor connected between the two is formed.
- the semiconductor device disclosed in this specification has a configuration (eighth configuration) including an I/O circuit according to any one of the first to seventh configurations.
- the cell library disclosed herein includes multiple types that can be read out from a circuit design program executed by a computer and arbitrarily combined to form an I/O circuit of a semiconductor device.
- at least one of the plurality of types of standard cells includes a first element formation region configured such that a protected element having a gate conductive to an external terminal is formed.
- a second element formation region configured to form a first protection element disposed in the immediate vicinity of the external terminal to protect the protected element from electrostatic damage; and the first element formation region.
- a third element formation region arranged between the second element formation region and configured to form a first transistor and a second transistor; At least one of the devices has a drain connected to the gate of the protected device, and a source, a gate, and a back gate all connected to a constant potential terminal, thereby providing second protection for protecting the protected device from electrostatic damage. It has a configuration (ninth configuration) that functions as an element.
- the method for designing a circuit for a semiconductor device disclosed in this specification uses the ninth cell library, and includes selecting and selecting the plurality of types of standard cells included in the cell library.
- a configuration (tenth configuration) comprising the steps of arranging and arbitrarily combining the standard cells, and laying power supply lines and signal lines to connect the arbitrarily combined types of standard cells and other circuit blocks. ).
- I/O circuit 100
- Fourth element formation area ADC Analog/digital converter ANALOG Analog circuit D1, D2, D3, D11, D12, D21, D22, D31, D32, D41, D42, D51, D52, D61 , D62
- Electrostatic protection diode DAC Digital/analog converter I/F Interface circuit LDO Regulator LOGIC Logic circuit N1, N11, N12, N21, N22, N31, N32, N41, N42, N51, N52, N61, N62 Transistor ( NMOSFET)
- NVM Non-vol
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- Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Metal-Oxide And Bipolar Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Design And Manufacture Of Integrated Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図1は、半導体装置の一構成例を示す図である。本構成例の半導体装置1は、主に5V以下で駆動するCMOS[complementary MOS]回路(ロジック/アナログ混載回路)を集積化したLSIである。半導体装置1の最外周部には、ESD保護機能及び信号入出力機能を担うI/O回路10が配置されている。
まず、I/O回路10の新規な実施形態の説明に先立ち、I/O回路10に求められる静電保護機能(セカンダリクランプの必要性)について簡単に述べておく。モデル化されているESDには、MM[machine model]とCDM[charged device model]がある。MMとは、帯電した金属からICへ電荷を放出する現象を規格化したものである。一方、CDMとは、帯電したICが他の導体に電荷を放出する現象を規格化したものである。MMパルス及びCDMパルスは、他のESDパルスと比べて短周期の減衰振動波形である。
図3は、I/O回路10の第2比較例を示す図である。本比較例のI/O回路10は、先出の第1比較例(図2)を基本としつつ、さらに、静電保護ダイオードD3を備える。
図4は、I/O回路10の第3比較例(=後出の実施形態と対比するための一般的な構成例)を示す図である。本図は基本的にI/O回路10の回路図を描写したものである。ただし、小破線枠に着目すれば、I/O回路10の平面視における模式的な回路レイアウトを描写したものとして理解することもできる。
図5は、I/O回路10の新規な実施形態を示す図である。本実施形態のI/O回路10は、先出の第3比較例(図4)と同じく、I/Oセルライブラリ100に含まれる3種類のI/Oセル140、150及び160を組み合わせることにより形成されている。
以下では、上記で説明した種々の実施形態について総括的に述べる。
なお、本明細書中に開示されている種々の技術的特徴は、上記実施形態のほか、その技術的創作の主旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の変更を加えることが可能である。すなわち、上記実施形態は、全ての点で例示であって制限的なものではないと考えられるべきであり、本発明の技術的範囲は、特許請求の範囲により規定されるものであって、特許請求の範囲と均等の意味及び範囲内に属する全ての変更が含まれると理解されるべきである。
10 I/O回路
100 セルライブラリ
110、120、130、140、150、160 I/Oセル(標準セル)
111、121、131、141、151、161 第1素子形成領域
112、122、132、142、152、162 第2素子形成領域
113、123、133、143、153、163 第3素子形成領域
114、124、134、144、154、164 第4素子形成領域
ADC アナログ/デジタル変換器
ANALOG アナログ回路
D1、D2、D3、D11、D12、D21、D22、D31、D32、D41、D42、D51、D52、D61、D62 静電保護ダイオード
DAC デジタル/アナログ変換器
I/F インタフェイス回路
LDO レギュレータ
LOGIC ロジック回路
N1、N11、N12、N21、N22、N31、N32、N41、N42、N51、N52、N61、N62 トランジスタ(NMOSFET)
NVM 不揮発性メモリ
P1、P11、P12、P21、P22、P31、P32、P41、P42、P51、P52、P61、P62 トランジスタ(PMOSFET)
R1、R11、R21、R31、R41、R51、R61 電流制限抵抗
SRAM 揮発性メモリ
T1、T11、T21、T31、T41、T51、T61 外部端子
Claims (10)
- セルライブラリに含まれる複数種類の標準セルを任意に組み合わせることにより形成されたI/O回路であって、
前記複数種類の標準セルのうち少なくとも一つは、
外部端子に導通するゲートを備えた被保護素子が形成されるように構成された第1素子形成領域と、
前記外部端子の直近に配置されて前記被保護素子を静電破壊から保護するための第1保護素子が形成されるように構成された第2素子形成領域と、
前記第1素子形成領域と前記第2素子形成領域との間に配置されて第1トランジスタ及び第2トランジスタが形成されるように構成された第3素子形成領域と、
を含み、
前記第1トランジスタ及び前記第2トランジスタのうち少なくとも一方は、ドレインが前記被保護素子のゲートに接続されてソース、ゲート及びバックゲートがいずれも定電位端に接続されることにより前記被保護素子を静電破壊から保護するための第2保護素子として機能する、I/O回路。 - 前記第1保護素子は、前記被保護素子のゲートと電源端との間に接続されるように構成された第1上側保護素子と、前記被保護素子のゲートと接地端との間に接続されるように構成された第1下側保護素子を含む、請求項1に記載のI/O回路。
- 前記第1トランジスタは、ドレインが前記被保護素子のゲートに接続されてソース、ゲート及びバックゲートがいずれも電源端に接続されることにより第2上側保護素子として機能し、
前記第2トランジスタは、前記ドレインが前記被保護素子のゲートに接続されてソース及びバックゲートがいずれも接地端に接続されてゲートがバイアス電位端に接続されることによりプルダウン素子兼第2下側保護素子として機能する、請求項1又は2に記載のI/O回路。 - 前記第1トランジスタは、ドレインが前記被保護素子のゲートに接続されてソース及びバックゲートがいずれも電源端に接続されてゲートがバイアス電位端に接続されることによりプルアップ素子兼第2上側保護素子として機能し、
前記第2トランジスタは、ドレインが前記被保護素子のゲートに接続されてソース、ゲート及びバックゲートがいずれも接地端に接続されることにより第2下側保護素子として機能する、請求項1又は2に記載のI/O回路。 - 前記第1トランジスタは、ドレインが前記被保護素子のゲートに接続されてソース、ゲート及びバックゲートがいずれも電源端に接続されることにより第2上側保護素子として機能し、
前記第2トランジスタは、ドレインが前記被保護素子のゲートに接続されてソース、ゲート及びバックゲートがいずれも接地端に接続されることにより第2下側保護素子として機能する、請求項1又は2に記載のI/O回路。 - 前記被保護素子は、ソース及びバックゲートがいずれも電源端に接続されてドレインが出力端に接続されてゲートが前記外部端子に接続されるように構成されたPチャネル型トランジスタと、ドレインが前記出力端に接続されてソース及びバックゲートがいずれも接地端に接続されてゲートが前記外部端子に接続されるように構成されたNチャネル型トランジスタと、を含む、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のI/O回路。
- 前記第1素子形成領域と前記第2素子形成領域との間に配置されて前記被保護素子のゲートと前記外部端子との間に接続される電流制限抵抗が形成されるように構成された第4素子形成領域をさらに含む、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のI/O回路。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載のI/O回路を備える、半導体装置。
- コンピュータで実行される回路設計プログラムから読み出されて半導体装置のI/O回路を形成するために任意に組み合わせることのできる複数種類の標準セルを含むセルライブラリであって、
前記複数種類の標準セルのうち少なくとも一つは、
外部端子に導通するゲートを備えた被保護素子が形成されるように構成された第1素子形成領域と、
前記外部端子の直近に配置されて前記被保護素子を静電破壊から保護するための第1保護素子が形成されるように構成された第2素子形成領域と、
前記第1素子形成領域と前記第2素子形成領域との間に配置されて第1トランジスタ及び第2トランジスタが形成されるように構成された第3素子形成領域と、
を含み、
前記第1トランジスタ及び前記第2トランジスタのうち少なくとも一方は、ドレインが前記被保護素子のゲートに接続されてソース、ゲート及びバックゲートがいずれも定電位端に接続されることにより前記被保護素子を静電破壊から保護するための第2保護素子として機能する、セルライブラリ。 - 請求項9のセルライブラリを用いた半導体装置の回路設計方法であって、
前記セルライブラリに含まれる前記複数種類の標準セルを選択及び配置して任意に組み合わせるステップと、
任意に組み合わされた前記複数種類の標準セルとその他の回路ブロックとを接続するように電源線及び信号線を敷設するステップと、
を備える、半導体装置の回路設計方法。
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| JP2024517335A JPWO2023210631A1 (ja) | 2022-04-27 | 2023-04-25 | |
| CN202380035529.4A CN119054078A (zh) | 2022-04-27 | 2023-04-25 | I/o电路、半导体装置、单元库和用于半导体装置的电路设计方法 |
| DE112023001024.2T DE112023001024T5 (de) | 2022-04-27 | 2023-04-25 | E/a-schaltung, halbleiterbauteil, zellenbibliothek und schaltungsentwurfsverfahren für halbleiterbauteil |
| US18/911,842 US20250040255A1 (en) | 2022-04-27 | 2024-10-10 | I/o circuit, semiconductor device, cell library, and circuit designing method for semiconductor device |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63205928A (ja) * | 1987-02-23 | 1988-08-25 | Toshiba Corp | 絶縁ゲ−ト型セミカスタム集積回路 |
| JP2001044364A (ja) * | 1999-07-28 | 2001-02-16 | Rohm Co Ltd | 半導体集積回路装置 |
| JP2010157732A (ja) * | 2008-12-31 | 2010-07-15 | Hynix Semiconductor Inc | 集積回路 |
| JP2014241497A (ja) * | 2013-06-11 | 2014-12-25 | ローム株式会社 | 半導体集積回路 |
| JP2018101808A (ja) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-06-28 | ルネサスエレクトロニクス株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
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| JP5159736B2 (ja) | 2009-09-14 | 2013-03-13 | ルネサスエレクトロニクス株式会社 | 半導体装置、セルライブラリおよび半導体集積回路の設計方法 |
| JP2010192932A (ja) | 2010-05-07 | 2010-09-02 | Panasonic Corp | 標準セル、標準セルライブラリおよび半導体集積回路 |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63205928A (ja) * | 1987-02-23 | 1988-08-25 | Toshiba Corp | 絶縁ゲ−ト型セミカスタム集積回路 |
| JP2001044364A (ja) * | 1999-07-28 | 2001-02-16 | Rohm Co Ltd | 半導体集積回路装置 |
| JP2010157732A (ja) * | 2008-12-31 | 2010-07-15 | Hynix Semiconductor Inc | 集積回路 |
| JP2014241497A (ja) * | 2013-06-11 | 2014-12-25 | ローム株式会社 | 半導体集積回路 |
| JP2018101808A (ja) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-06-28 | ルネサスエレクトロニクス株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
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| JPWO2023210631A1 (ja) | 2023-11-02 |
| CN119054078A (zh) | 2024-11-29 |
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