WO2023210312A1 - 水位センサ、貯水タンク、手洗い装置、循環型水処理装置 - Google Patents
水位センサ、貯水タンク、手洗い装置、循環型水処理装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023210312A1 WO2023210312A1 PCT/JP2023/014475 JP2023014475W WO2023210312A1 WO 2023210312 A1 WO2023210312 A1 WO 2023210312A1 JP 2023014475 W JP2023014475 W JP 2023014475W WO 2023210312 A1 WO2023210312 A1 WO 2023210312A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- water
- electrode
- water level
- tank
- height
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/14—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measurement of pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
- A47K1/00—Wash-stands; Appurtenances therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
- A47K1/00—Wash-stands; Appurtenances therefor
- A47K1/02—Portable toilet tables; Wash cabinets or stands
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
- A47K1/00—Wash-stands; Appurtenances therefor
- A47K1/04—Basins; Jugs; Holding devices therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
- A47K7/00—Body washing or cleaning implements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03C—DOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
- E03C1/00—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
- E03C1/01—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks for combinations of baths, showers, sinks, wash-basins, closets, urinals, or the like
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/24—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of resistance of resistors due to contact with conductor fluid
- G01F23/241—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of resistance of resistors due to contact with conductor fluid for discrete levels
- G01F23/242—Mounting arrangements for electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/22—O2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/42—Liquid level
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a water level sensor, a water storage tank, a hand washing device, and a circulating water treatment device.
- Patent Document 1 An independent circulation type hand washing device has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).
- the hand washing device described in Patent Document 1 for example, water after hand washing is passed through a primary purification filter, and the water after passing is held in a water storage tank.
- a circulation type water treatment device In a water storage tank, for example, it is necessary to control the water level within the tank to prevent water from overflowing.
- impurities including microorganisms such as bacteria. Therefore, in order to accurately measure the water level in a tank that stores such circulating treated water, some ingenuity is required. It is also necessary to pay attention to biofilms that form in tanks that store water containing impurities.
- An object of the present disclosure is to accurately measure the water level in a water storage tank without being affected by biofilm formation, even if the water contains impurities.
- the water level sensor includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a control section.
- the first electrode is installed at a first height in a tank that stores water containing impurities such as microorganisms and organic matter that can form biofilms.
- the second electrode is located within the tank at a second height that is higher than the first height. When water contacts the first electrode and the second electrode, the control unit detects that the water has reached the second height.
- the water level in a water storage tank can be accurately measured even if the water contains impurities including microorganisms that can form a biofilm.
- FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a hand washing device 1 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a hand washing device 1 according to the present embodiment.
- 2 is a block diagram showing a medicine unit 5, a circulation unit 6, and a control section 60 of the hand washing device 1.
- FIG. 4 is a front view of the water storage tank 44 shown in FIG. 3.
- FIG. FIG. 5 is a front view of the water storage tank 44 shown in FIG. 4 when the lid portion 441 is removed from the tank portion 442.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing wastewater treatment of the hand washing device 1.
- FIG. It is a flow chart showing membrane filtration processing of hand washing device 1.
- 3 is a flowchart showing a water level measurement process of a water storage tank 44.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a water level measurement process of a water storage tank 44.
- the hand washing device 1 has a first position at a predetermined first height and a first and a second position at a second height higher than the height.
- a current flows, and it is detected that water is stored up to the position where the other electrodes are installed.
- Water containing impurities including microorganisms, organic matter, etc. that can form biofilms may be referred to as wastewater.
- the water storage tank 44 according to this embodiment will be explained using the hand washing device 1 using the water storage tank 44 as an example.
- the hand washing device 1 is, for example, an independent circulation type hand washing device.
- the hand washing device 1 includes a housing 2 and an external module 7.
- the housing 2 is provided with a hand washing tank (sink) 11, a faucet 12, and a dispenser 14.
- the housing 2 has a cylindrical shape.
- the housing 2 is constructed by processing a drum, for example.
- a top plate 10 is provided at the top of the housing 2. An installation hole passing through the top plate 10 is formed in the center of the top plate 10.
- a door 3 for accessing a circulation unit 6 provided inside the housing 2 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the housing 2 .
- the administrator of the hand washing device 1 can maintain the circulation unit 6 with the door 3 open.
- the entire structure of the circulation unit 6 is not provided inside the casing 2, but at least a portion thereof is arranged outside the casing 2 as a part of the external module 7.
- a handle 4 extending laterally is provided on the back side of the housing 2.
- a plurality of wheels 19 are provided on the lower surface of the housing 2. The user can move the housing 2 by moving the wheels 19 while holding the handle 4.
- a water spout 13 is formed at the tip of the faucet 12 for spouting cleaning water. Cleaning water is spouted from the spout 13 at a predetermined timing.
- the faucet 12 is provided with an infrared sensor 23 (see FIG. 4). When an object is detected by the infrared sensor 23, cleansing water is spouted from the spout 13 of the faucet 12. Note that the position of the infrared sensor 23 provided on the faucet 12 is not limited to the tip, and can be arbitrarily changed.
- the dispenser 14 discharges a medicine for maintaining skin hygiene from the nozzle 53 toward the inside of the hand-washing tank 11.
- Medications to maintain skin hygiene include cleaning agents for cleaning the skin (e.g., detergents such as soap water), liquids or hand lotions with bactericidal properties (e.g., disinfectants containing ingredients such as alcohol), etc. is included.
- the dispenser 14 is provided with an infrared sensor 52 (see FIG. 4).
- the infrared sensor 52 is provided, for example, near the base of the nozzle 53 of the dispenser 14 so as to be able to detect a hand approaching the inside of the hand washing tank 11.
- medicine is ejected from the tip of the nozzle 53 of the dispenser 14.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the medicine unit 5, circulation unit 6, and control section 60 of the hand washing device 1.
- a medicine unit 5 that supplies medicine
- a circulation unit 6 that purifies and circulates washing water
- a control section 60 that controls the circulation unit 6.
- the control unit 60 is realized by a processor reading a program stored in storage, expanding it onto memory, and executing instructions included in the expanded program.
- a processor is hardware for executing a set of instructions written in a program, and is composed of an arithmetic unit, registers, peripheral circuits, and the like.
- the storage is a storage device for storing data, and is, for example, a flash memory such as a nonvolatile memory, or a hard disk drive (HDD).
- the memory is for temporarily storing programs and data processed by the programs, and is a volatile memory such as DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory).
- the circulation unit 6 includes at least a water discharge unit 20, a drainage unit 30, and a purification unit 40.
- the water discharging unit 20 has a function of discharging water purified by the purification unit 40 from the water spout 13 of the faucet 12 in the circulation unit 6 .
- the water discharging unit 20 mainly includes a water discharging pump 21, a UV sterilizing section 22, and an infrared sensor 23.
- the water discharge pump 21 is arranged after the water storage tank 46 provided in the purification unit 40.
- the water discharge pump 21 is operated under the control of the control section 60 and sends water stored in the water storage tank 46 to the UV sterilization section 22 .
- the UV sterilization unit 22 is arranged between the water discharge pump 21 and the faucet 12.
- the UV sterilization unit 22 sterilizes the water sent out from the water pump 21 by irradiating the water with ultraviolet rays.
- the water that has passed through the UV sterilizer 22 is spouted out from the spout 13 of the faucet 12 as cleaning water.
- the drainage unit 30 has a function of draining the washing water discharged from the faucet 12 toward the hand-washing tank 11 in the circulation unit 6.
- the drainage unit 30 mainly includes a trap 35, a capacitance sensor 31, and a drainage pump 32.
- the trap 35 is provided in a pipe that drains washing water from the hand washing tank 11.
- the trap 35 prevents, for example, bad odor or gas from flowing back, and also prevents foreign matter that has entered through the drain port 17 from reaching the purification unit 40.
- the drain pump 32 is arranged after the trap 35.
- the drain pump 32 is operated under the control of the control unit 60 and sends the water that has passed through the trap 35 to the pretreatment filter 41 provided in the purification unit 40 .
- the preprocessing filter 41 is an example of a primary purification filter according to this embodiment.
- the control unit 60 operates the drainage pump 32 in response to water detection by the capacitance sensor 31.
- the control unit 60 operates the drain pump 32 while the capacitance sensor 31 detects water.
- the control unit 60 stops the drain pump 32 when water is no longer detected by the capacitance sensor 31.
- the capacitance sensor 31 is placed between the trap 35 and the drain pump 32.
- the capacitance sensor 31 detects the capacitance within the drain pipe. Thereby, water drained from the hand washing tank 11 and supplied via the trap 35 is detected.
- the sensor for detecting water supply is not limited to the capacitance sensor 31. Water supply may be detected by referring to other sensing results.
- the capacitance sensor 31 may be a pressure sensor that detects pressure.
- the purification unit 40 has a function of purifying the water supplied from the drainage unit 30 in the circulation unit 6.
- the purification unit 40 mainly includes a pre-treatment filter 41, a reverse osmosis membrane 42, a post-treatment filter 43, a water storage tank 44, a drainage tank 45, a water storage tank 46, and a membrane filtration pump 47. .
- the pretreatment filter 41 is arranged after the drainage pump 32.
- the pretreatment filter 41 performs pretreatment on the water sent out from the drainage pump 32 to remove solid content, water pollution components, low molecular compound surfactants, carbonic acid components (detergent components), and the like.
- an activated carbon filter is employed as the pre-processing filter 41, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- a thread-wound filter, sediment filter, MF (microfiltration membrane), UF (ultrafiltration membrane), NF (nanofiltration membrane), ceramic filter, ion exchange filter, or metal membrane may be selected.
- the preprocessing filter 41 is arranged outside the housing 2 as part of the external module 7.
- a pressure sensor 33 is arranged before the pre-processing filter 41.
- the pressure sensor 33 detects the pressure of water supplied to the pretreatment filter 41.
- a flow rate sensor 34 is arranged after the pre-processing filter 41.
- the flow rate sensor 34 detects the flow rate of water that has been pretreated by the pretreatment filter 41 .
- the water storage tank 44 is arranged after the pretreatment filter 41.
- the water storage tank 44 is a tank for storing supplied water. Water that has been pretreated by the pretreatment filter 41 and concentrated water that has been separated by the reverse osmosis membrane 42 and passed through the two-way solenoid valve 74 flow into the water storage tank 44 .
- the water storage tank 44 stores water flowing in from two systems.
- a water level sensor is arranged in the water storage tank 44. The water level sensor detects the level of water stored in the water storage tank 44.
- the membrane filtration pump 47 is arranged between the water storage tank 44 and the reverse osmosis membrane 42.
- the membrane filtration pump 47 is operated under the control of the control unit 60, increases the pressure of water stored in the water storage tank 44 to a preset pressure, and supplies the water to the reverse osmosis membrane 42.
- the preset pressure is, for example, a pressure higher than at least osmotic pressure.
- the reverse osmosis membrane 42 separates water, which has been raised to a high pressure and is supplied by the membrane filtration pump 47, into permeated water from which dissolved components have been removed and concentrated water from which dissolved components have been concentrated.
- the reverse osmosis membrane 42 is realized by, for example, a spiral type reverse osmosis membrane.
- the reverse osmosis membrane 42 is, for example, an example of a cross-flow type filtration membrane.
- a cross-flow type filtration membrane is a type of filtration that creates a flow parallel to the membrane surface to prevent suspended solids and colloids in the wastewater supplied to the membrane from accumulating on the membrane surface. Refers to the membrane.
- a cross-flow type filtration membrane refers to a membrane that performs filtration by pumping wastewater at a pressure higher than the osmotic pressure of the membrane.
- a cross-flow type filtration membrane a nanofiltration membrane (NF membrane), an ultrafiltration membrane (UF membrane), a microfiltration membrane (MF membrane), etc. may be adopted instead of a reverse osmosis membrane. .
- the concentrated water separated by the reverse osmosis membrane 42 is discharged to the water storage tank 44 via the two-way solenoid valve 74 and the pressure regulating valve 73 when the two-way solenoid valve 74 is open. Further, the concentrated water separated by the reverse osmosis membrane 42 is discharged to the drainage tank 45 via the two-way solenoid valve 75 when the two-way solenoid valve 75 is open. Further, the permeated water separated by the reverse osmosis membrane 42 is discharged to the post-treatment filter 43.
- the two-way solenoid valve 74 is a device that opens and closes the valve using the electromagnetic force of an electromagnetic coil.
- the two-way solenoid valve 74 has a structure in which the valve is open in a normal state and is closed in response to a signal from the control unit 60.
- the pressure regulating valve 73 regulates the flow rate or pressure of concentrated water supplied to the water storage tank 44.
- the two-way solenoid valve 75 is a device that opens and closes the valve using the electromagnetic force of an electromagnetic coil.
- the two-way solenoid valve 75 has a structure in which the valve is closed in a normal state and opens in response to a signal from the control unit 60.
- a sensor section 61 is arranged upstream of the reverse osmosis membrane 42.
- the sensor section 61 includes a pressure sensor, a flow rate sensor, and an EC/temperature sensor.
- the pressure sensor detects the pressure of water supplied to the reverse osmosis membrane 42.
- the flow rate sensor detects the flow rate of water supplied to the reverse osmosis membrane 42.
- the EC/temperature sensor detects the electrical conductivity and temperature of water supplied to the reverse osmosis membrane 42.
- the sensor section 61 may include a sensor that senses at least one of the sensors listed below.
- the post-processing filter 43 is arranged after the reverse osmosis membrane 42.
- the post-treatment filter 43 performs post-treatment on the permeated water discharged from the reverse osmosis membrane 42 to remove impurities that could not be completely filtered by the reverse osmosis membrane 42 .
- an activated carbon filter is employed as the post-processing filter 43, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- a thread-wound filter, sediment filter, MF (microfiltration membrane), UF (ultrafiltration membrane), NF (nanofiltration membrane), ceramic filter, ion exchange filter, or metal membrane may be selected.
- the post-processing filter 43 is placed outside the housing 2 as part of the external module 7 .
- a sensor section 62 is arranged before the post-processing filter 43.
- the sensor section 62 includes a pressure sensor, a flow rate sensor, and an EC/temperature sensor.
- the pressure sensor detects the pressure of permeated water supplied to the post-treatment filter 43.
- the flow rate sensor detects the flow rate of permeated water supplied to the post-treatment filter 43.
- the EC/temperature sensor detects the electrical conductivity and temperature of permeated water supplied to the post-treatment filter 43.
- the sensor section 62 may include a sensor that senses at least one of (1) to (7) shown in the sensor section 61 in addition to the above-mentioned sensors.
- the drain tank 45 is arranged after the two-way solenoid valve 75.
- the drainage tank 45 is a tank for storing supplied drainage water.
- the drainage tank 45 can be removed from the purification unit 40 and taken out from the door 3.
- Concentrated water that has been separated by the reverse osmosis membrane 42 and passed through the two-way solenoid valve 75 flows into the drainage tank 45 .
- the drainage tank 45 stores inflowing concentrated water.
- a water level sensor is arranged in the drainage tank 45. The water level sensor detects the water level of the waste water stored in the waste water tank 45.
- the water storage tank 46 is arranged after the post-processing filter 43.
- the water storage tank 46 is a tank for storing supplied water. Water that has been post-treated by the post-treatment filter 43 flows into the water storage tank 46 . Hypochlorous acid water is added to the water flowing into the water storage tank 46.
- the water storage tank 46 stores inflowing water to which hypochlorous acid water has been added.
- a water level sensor is arranged in the water storage tank 46. The water level sensor detects the level of water stored in the water storage tank 46.
- the purification unit 40 includes a chlorine tank 67 and a chlorine pump 68.
- the chlorine tank 67 is a tank for storing hypochlorous acid water.
- Hypochlorous acid water is generated, for example, by dissolving hypochlorous acid tablets in water supplied to the chlorine tank 67. Further, the hypochlorous acid water may be generated by dissolving salt in water supplied to the chlorine tank 67 and electrolyzing the salt water. Note that an electrolysis unit that performs electrolysis on saline water to produce hypochlorous acid water may be separately provided on the downstream side of the chlorine tank 67.
- a water level sensor is arranged in the chlorine tank 67.
- the water level sensor detects the water level of hypochlorous acid water stored in the chlorine tank 67.
- the chlorine pump 68 is arranged after the chlorine tank 67.
- the chlorine pump 68 is operated under the control of the control unit 60 and adds the hypochlorous acid water stored in the chlorine tank 67 to the water that has been post-treated by the post-treatment filter 43.
- the dispenser 14 includes a drug pump 51, an infrared sensor 52, and a nozzle 53.
- an antenna for transmitting and receiving data is mounted inside the nozzle 53.
- the drug pump 51 is arranged after the drug tank 50.
- the drug pump 51 is operated under the control of the control unit 60 and delivers the drug (for example, soap water, etc.) stored in the drug tank 50 to the nozzle 53 of the dispenser 14 .
- control unit 60 operates the drug pump 51 in response to detection of an object by the infrared sensor 52 of the dispenser 14. For example, the control unit 60 operates the drug pump 51 for a certain period of time after the infrared sensor 52 detects an object.
- the drug tank 50 is a tank for storing drugs.
- a water level sensor is arranged in the chemical tank 50. The water level sensor detects the water level of the medicine stored in the medicine tank 50. When the water level of the medicine falls below a predetermined value, the medicine is replenished.
- FIG. 4 is a front view of the water storage tank 44 shown in FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 4, the water storage tank 44 has a lid part 441 and a tank part 442.
- FIG. 5 is a front view of the water storage tank 44 shown in FIG. 4 with the lid section 441 removed from the tank section 442.
- a first electrode 4411, a water level sensor 4412, supply tubes 4413, 4414, a discharge tube 4415, a second electrode 4416, and a third electrode 4417 are attached to the lid part 441.
- the first electrode 4411, the water level sensor 4412, the supply tubes 4413, 4414, the discharge tube 4415, the second electrode 4416, and the third electrode 4417 are directed from the tank section 442 side surface of the lid section 441 toward the inside of the tank section 442. It is attached so that it can be hung.
- impurities include, for example, microorganisms that can form biofilms and organic substances that serve as nutritional sources for microorganisms.
- microorganisms include, for example, bacteria, viruses, protists, algae, and the like.
- FIG. 6 shows that in the water storage tank 44 shown in FIG. FIG.
- the first electrode 4411 is arranged at a predetermined first height within the tank portion 442.
- the predetermined first height is, for example, a height such that when a predetermined volume (for example, about 1 liter) of water is stored in the tank portion 442, it comes into contact with water.
- the first electrode 4411 is suspended from the lid 441 by a conducting wire coated with a tube, for example, and is positioned at a first height.
- the first electrode 4411 is configured such that when the first electrode 4411 and the second electrode 4416 come into contact with water, a current flows through the water.
- the water level sensor according to this embodiment includes a first electrode 4411, a second electrode 4416, and a control unit 60.
- the first electrode 4411 is configured such that when the first electrode 4411 and the third electrode 4417 come into contact with water, a current flows through the water.
- the water level sensor according to this embodiment includes the first electrode 4411, the third electrode 4417, and the control unit 60.
- the first electrode 4411 is realized by, for example, an electrical conductivity sensor, and a current flows when the first electrode 4411 comes into contact with water.
- the water level sensor 4412 is a sensor that measures the water level in the water storage tank 44.
- the water level sensor 4412 is an example of a water level measuring device according to this embodiment.
- the water level sensor 4412 is, for example, a sensor that measures a change in hydraulic pressure due to the liquid level and converts it into a water level.
- the water level sensor 4412 can measure the water level linearly, for example.
- the water level sensor 4412 is installed substantially vertically from the lid portion 441 to near the bottom of the tank portion 442. An end of the water level sensor 4412 is arranged near the bottom of the tank section 442.
- the water level sensor 4412 is made of a hard material such as metal, and maintains a substantially vertical state from the lid portion 441 to near the bottom of the tank portion 442.
- a support member formed of a hard material such as metal is used to connect the lid part 441 to the tank part. 442 may be maintained in a substantially vertical state up to the vicinity of the bottom.
- the water level sensor 4412 is attached to the lid 441 so as to be located approximately at the center of the water storage tank 44.
- the water level sensor 4412 is corrected based on the water level detected by the first electrode 4411, the second electrode 4416, and the third electrode 4417.
- the water level sensor according to this embodiment also includes the water level sensor 4412.
- the supply tubes 4413 and 4414 are tubes that supply water to the water storage tank 44.
- the supply tubes 4413 and 4414 are made of, for example, a polymer compound such as polyethylene.
- the supply tube 4413 supplies, for example, water pretreated by the pretreatment filter 41 to the water storage tank 44 .
- the supply tube 4414 supplies, for example, concentrated water that has been separated by the reverse osmosis membrane 42 and passed through the two-way solenoid valve 74 to the water storage tank 44 .
- the ends of the supply tubes 4413 and 4414 are arranged near the bottom of the tank section 442.
- the ends of the supply tubes 4413, 4414 are oriented away from the ends of the water level sensor 4412 so that the water supplied by the supply tubes 4413, 4414 does not affect the water level measurement by the water level sensor 4412. It is located. Specifically, for example, the ends of the supply tubes 4413 and 4414 are placed away from the end of the water level sensor 4412 to prevent bubbles from entering the tip of the water level sensor 4412 as much as possible.
- the discharge tube 4415 is a tube that discharges water from the water storage tank 44.
- the discharge tube 4415 is made of, for example, a polymer compound such as polyethylene.
- the discharge tube 4415 discharges water stored in the water storage tank 44 to the outside of the water storage tank 44, for example, by pressure generated by the membrane filtration pump 47.
- the end of the discharge tube 4415 is arranged near the bottom of the tank section 442.
- the end of the discharge tube 4415 is arranged to face away from the end of the water level sensor 4412 so that the water sucked by the discharge tube 4415 does not affect the water level measurement by the water level sensor 4412. .
- the end of the discharge tube 4415 is placed away from the end of the water level sensor 4412 to prevent bubbles from entering the end of the water level sensor 4412 as much as possible.
- the first electrode 4411, supply tubes 4413, 4414, and discharge tube 4415 are attached to the lid part 441, and have a certain length to near the bottom of the tank part 442. Therefore, if there is no predetermined restraint, each of them will spread apart, making it difficult to stably adjust the water level in the water storage tank 44. Specifically, for example, if the position of the first electrode 4411 changes, the water level cannot be accurately detected. Further, if the positions of the supply tubes 4413 and 4414 change, the ends move when discharging water, causing unnecessary water flow within the water storage tank 44. Further, if the position of the discharge tube 4415 changes, the operation of discharging the water in the water storage tank 44 will be affected.
- the first electrode 4411, the water level sensor 4412, the supply tubes 4413, 4414, and the discharge tube 4415 can be connected to the bottom of the tank section 442.
- the first electrode 4411, the supply tubes 4413, 4414, and discharge tube 4415 can be fixed to the water level sensor 4412 (or the supporting member of the water level sensor 4412). This makes it possible to prevent the first electrode 4411, supply tubes 4413 and 4414, and discharge tube 4415 from coming apart.
- the water level sensor 4412 is referred to as a support member for the first electrode 4411, supply tubes 4413, 4414, and discharge tube 4415. Good too.
- the second electrode 4416 is arranged at a predetermined second height within the tank portion 442.
- the predetermined second height is, for example, a height such that when a predetermined volume (for example, about 2.5 liters) of water is stored in the tank portion 442, it comes into contact with water.
- the second height is higher than the first height.
- the second electrode 4416 is positioned at a second height such that a conducting wire coated with a tube, for example, is drawn from the lid 441 and is suspended from the lid 441 .
- the second electrode 4416 is arranged to avoid contact with other components, such as the first electrode 4411, water level sensor 4412, supply tubes 4413, 4414, and discharge tube 4415. Specifically, the second electrode 4416 is not bundled with the first electrode 4411, the water level sensor 4412, the supply tubes 4413, 4414, and the discharge tube 4415. In other words, the second electrode 4416 is arranged so as to be separated from the bundle of the first electrode 4411, the water level sensor 4412, the supply tubes 4413, 4414, and the discharge tube 4415 by a predetermined distance in the outer circumferential direction of the water storage tank 44. ing. In other words, the second electrode 4416 is arranged to be separated from the first electrode 4411 by a predetermined distance. The predetermined distance represents, for example, a distance at which no biofilm is formed on the second electrode 4416.
- the length from the lid 441 to the second electrode 4416 is shorter than the length from the lid 441 to the first electrode 4411. Furthermore, since the second electrode 4416 is located away from the ends of the supply tubes 4413 and 4414 and the end of the discharge tube 4415, it is less susceptible to the influence of water flow generated by water supply or water discharge. Therefore, fluctuations in the second electrode 4416 are smaller than fluctuations in the first electrode 4411, and have less influence on water level detection.
- the second electrode 4416 By arranging the second electrode 4416 to avoid contact with other components such as the first electrode 4411, water level sensor 4412, supply tubes 4413, 4414, and discharge tube 4415, impurities contained in water can be removed from the second electrode. It becomes possible to suppress the adhesion to the electrode 4416. This makes it possible to prevent the water level detection function from deteriorating.
- the third electrode 4417 is arranged at a predetermined third height within the tank portion 442.
- the predetermined third height is, for example, a height at which water comes into contact with the tank section 442 when the tank section 442 is filled with water just before it becomes full.
- the third height is the height near the position at which the diameter starts to contract toward the opening in the upper part of the tank portion 442.
- the third height is higher than the second height.
- the third electrode 4417 is positioned at a third height such that a conducting wire coated with a tube, for example, is drawn from the lid 441 and is suspended from the lid 441 .
- the third electrode 4417 is arranged to avoid contact with other components, such as the first electrode 4411, the water level sensor 4412, the supply tubes 4413, 4414, and the discharge tube 4415. Specifically, the third electrode 4417 is not bundled with the first electrode 4411, the water level sensor 4412, the supply tubes 4413, 4414, and the discharge tube 4415. In other words, the third electrode 4417 is arranged so as to be separated from the bundle of the first electrode 4411, the water level sensor 4412, the supply tubes 4413, 4414, and the discharge tube 4415 by a predetermined distance in the outer circumferential direction of the water storage tank 44. ing. In other words, the third electrode 4417 is arranged to be separated from the first electrode 4411 by a predetermined distance. The predetermined distance represents, for example, a distance at which no biofilm is formed on the third electrode 4417.
- a control board having a function of controlling the first electrode 4411, the water level sensor 4412, the second electrode 4416, and the third electrode 4417 may be separated from the control section 60 and attached to the lid section 441.
- the control unit 60 determines whether a predetermined timing has arrived (step S12). Specifically, the control unit 60 determines whether a preset time has elapsed, a preset cycle has elapsed, or a preset time has elapsed since the water discharge pump 21 was last driven. do. When the predetermined timing has come (Yes in step S12), the control unit 60 operates the water discharge pump 21 (step S13). This causes water to circulate in the hand washing device 1 at times other than when the user washes his hands.
- the water discharge pump 21 sends out water stored in the water storage tank 46 and causes it to pass through the UV sterilization section 22.
- the UV sterilization unit 22 sterilizes the water sent out from the water pump 21 by irradiating the water with ultraviolet rays.
- the water that has passed through the UV sterilizer 22 is spouted out from the spout 13 of the faucet 12 as cleaning water.
- the control unit 60 determines whether an object is detected by the infrared sensor 23 (step S14).
- the user puts his hand into the hand-washing tank 11 and causes the infrared sensor 23 disposed at the tip of the faucet 12 to detect the hand.
- the control unit 60 stops the water pump 21 (step S15).
- the water discharging pump 21 is temporarily stopped so that forced water discharging and water discharging due to hand washing can be distinguished.
- the control unit 60 operates the water discharging pump 21 again as operation for hand washing (step S16).
- the control unit 60 determines whether an object is detected by the infrared sensor 23 (step S17). When the user finishes washing his hands or when discharging medicine into the dispenser 14, he moves his fingers away from the infrared sensor 23 disposed at the tip of the faucet 12. The control unit 60 stops the water discharging pump 21 in response to the infrared sensor 23 not detecting the finger (NO in step S17) (step S11).
- step S17 if the infrared sensor 23 does not detect the finger (YES in step S17), the control unit 60 continues to operate the water pump 21 (step S16).
- step S12 if the predetermined timing has not arrived (No in step S12), the control unit 60 determines whether an object has been detected by the infrared sensor 23 (step S18).
- the control unit 60 determines whether an object has been detected by the infrared sensor 23 (step S18).
- the user puts his hand into the hand-washing tank 11 and causes the infrared sensor 23 disposed at the tip of the faucet 12 to detect the hand.
- the control unit 60 operates the water discharging pump 21 in response to the detection of the finger by the infrared sensor 23 (YES in step S18) (step S19). On the other hand, in step S18, if the infrared sensor 23 does not detect a finger (NO in step S18), the control unit 60 does not operate the water pump 21 (step S11).
- the control unit 60 determines whether an object is detected by the infrared sensor 23 (step S110). When the user finishes washing his hands or when discharging medicine into the dispenser 14, he moves his fingers away from the infrared sensor 23 disposed at the tip of the faucet 12. The control unit 60 stops the water pump 21 in response to the infrared sensor 23 not detecting a finger (NO in step S110) (step S11).
- step S110 if the infrared sensor 23 does not detect the finger (YES in step S110), the control unit 60 continues to operate the water pump 21 (step S19).
- step S14 if the infrared sensor 23 does not detect a finger (NO in step S14), the control unit 60 determines whether a predetermined time has elapsed since the water pump 21 was started operating (step S111). When a predetermined period of time has elapsed (Yes in step S111), the control unit 60 stops the water discharge pump 21 (step S11). If the predetermined time has not elapsed (No in step S111), the control unit 60 continues to operate the water discharge pump 21 (step S13). The water spouting unit 20 repeats these processes and spouts cleaning water from the faucet 12.
- the control unit 60 may measure the time during which the infrared sensor 23 detects the finger, and may stop discharging water when the finger is detected for a certain period of time. In the example shown in FIG. 7, a case has been described in which it is determined in step S14 whether or not the infrared sensor 23 has detected the user's finger, but the determination made in step S14 is not limited to the detection by the infrared sensor 23.
- the control unit 60 may determine whether the user is likely to wash his hands using the hand washing device 1 or not.
- the control unit 60 may determine whether the user is likely to wash their hands using the hand washing device 1 by using a monitoring device to determine whether the user is approaching the hand washing device 1. .
- the control unit 60 may determine whether the user is likely to wash his hands using the hand washing device 1 by determining whether a carry-on item has been installed in the UV sterilizer 80.
- step S22 When the capacitance sensor 31 detects drainage (YES in step S22), the control unit 60 operates the drainage pump 32 (step S23). On the other hand, if the capacitance sensor 31 does not detect drainage (NO in step S22), the control unit 60 does not operate the drainage pump 32 (step S21).
- step S23 the drainage pump 32 sends the drainage to the pretreatment filter 41.
- the water that has been pretreated by the pretreatment filter 41 flows into the water storage tank 44 and is stored in the water storage tank 44 .
- Pressure sensor 33 detects the pressure of water sent to pretreatment filter 41 .
- the flow rate sensor 34 detects the flow rate of water that has been pretreated by the pretreatment filter 41 .
- step S23 when the capacitance sensor 31 detects that there is no more drainage flowing from the drain port 17 (NO in step S24), the control unit 60 stops the drainage pump 32 (step S21).
- step S24 when the capacitance sensor 31 detects that wastewater is continuously flowing from the drain port 17 (YES in step S24), the control unit 60 causes the drain pump 32 to continue operating. (Step S23).
- the drainage unit 30 repeats these processes and supplies water discharged from the drain port 17 of the hand-washing tank 11 to the pre-treatment filter 41.
- the control unit 60 determines whether the drainage pump 32 is being operated (step S32). When the drainage pump 32 is operating (YES in step S32), the control unit 60 operates the membrane filtration pump 47 (step S33). Thereby, water stored in the water storage tank 44 is supplied to the reverse osmosis membrane 42 at high pressure by the membrane filtration pump 47.
- step S31 if the drainage pump 32 is not operating (NO in step S32), the control unit 60 leaves the membrane filtration pump 47 inoperative (step S31).
- step S33 the water supplied to the reverse osmosis membrane 42 is separated into concentrated water and permeated water.
- the permeated water is supplied to a post-treatment filter 43.
- Concentrated water flows into the water storage tank 44 via the two-way solenoid valve 74. Note that since the two-way solenoid valve 75 is in a closed state, concentrated water does not flow into the drainage tank 45.
- post-processing filter 43 post-processing is performed on the permeated water.
- the permeated water that has been post-treated by the post-treatment filter 43 is added with hypochlorous acid water and flows into the water storage tank 46 .
- step S34 the control unit 60 determines whether the electrical conductivity detected by the EC/temperature sensor of the sensor unit 61 disposed upstream of the reverse osmosis membrane 42 is less than a predetermined value (step S34). If the electrical conductivity detected by the EC/temperature sensor is less than the predetermined value (YES in S34), the control unit 60 determines whether the drain pump 32 is operating (step S35). When the drainage pump 32 is operating (YES in step S35), the control unit 60 continues to operate the membrane filtration pump 47 (step S33).
- step S34 if the electrical conductivity detected by the EC/temperature sensor exceeds the predetermined value (NO in step S34), the control unit 60 controls the two-way solenoid valve 74 and the two-way solenoid valve 75. is turned on (step S36). As a result, the two-way solenoid valve 74 is closed and the two-way solenoid valve 75 is opened.
- the control unit 60 determines the amount of impurities in the concentrated water based on the change in electrical conductivity detected by the EC/temperature sensor. Concentrated water determined to have a large amount of impurities is discharged to a drainage tank 45.
- the control unit 60 continues the process of step S36 for a predetermined time (step S37), and turns off the two-way solenoid valves 74 and 75 after the predetermined time has elapsed.
- the two-way solenoid valve 74 is opened and the two-way solenoid valve 75 is closed.
- the control unit 60 stops the membrane filtration pump 47 (step S31).
- step S35 if the drainage pump 32 is stopped (NO in step S35), the control unit 60 stops the membrane filtration pump 47 after a predetermined time has elapsed (step S38) (step S31).
- the purification unit 40 repeats these processes to purify the water drained by the drainage unit 30 and stores it in the water storage tank 46.
- the control unit 60 determines whether a current is detected at the second electrode 4416 (step S51).
- a current is detected at the second electrode 4416 (step S51).
- the second electrode 4416 comes into contact with the water, and a current flows through the second electrode 4416.
- step S51 When a current is detected at the second electrode 4416 (Yes in step S51), the control unit 60 generates a signal indicating that water has been stored to the second height in the water storage tank 44 (step S52). If no current is detected at the second electrode 4416 (No at step S51), the control unit 60 repeats the process at step S51 until a current is detected at the second electrode 4416.
- the control unit 60 determines whether the difference between the water level acquired by the water level sensor 4412 and the second height is less than a predetermined value (step S53). Specifically, when a current is detected at the second electrode 4416, the control unit 60 acquires the water level measured by the water level sensor 4412. The control unit 60 compares the acquired water level with the second height and determines whether the difference is less than a predetermined value. If the difference between the acquired water level and the second height is less than the predetermined value (Yes in step S53), the control unit 60 moves the process to step S51. If the difference between the acquired water level and the second height is greater than or equal to the predetermined value (No in step S53), the control unit 60 corrects the water level sensor 4412 so that the acquired water level becomes the second height (step S54). ).
- the control unit 60 determines whether a current is detected at the third electrode 4417 (step S61).
- the third electrode 4417 comes into contact with the water, and a current flows through the third electrode 4417.
- step S61 When a current is detected at the third electrode 4417 (Yes in step S61), the control unit 60 generates a signal indicating that water has been stored up to the third height in the water storage tank 44 (step S62). If no current is detected at the third electrode 4417 (No in step S61), the control unit 60 repeats the process in step S61 until a current is detected at the third electrode 4417.
- the control unit 60 determines whether the difference between the water level acquired by the water level sensor 4412 and the third height is less than a predetermined value (step S63). Specifically, when a current is detected at the third electrode 4417, the control unit 60 acquires the water level measured by the water level sensor 4412. The control unit 60 compares the acquired water level with the third height and determines whether the difference is less than a predetermined value. If the difference between the acquired water level and the third height is less than the predetermined value (Yes in step S63), the control unit 60 moves the process to step S61. If the difference between the acquired water level and the third height is greater than or equal to the predetermined value (No in step S63), the control unit 60 corrects the water level sensor 4412 so that the acquired water level becomes the third height (step S64). ).
- the first electrode 4411 is installed at the first height in the tank 44 that stores water containing impurities including microorganisms that can form a biofilm.
- the second electrode 4416 is located within the tank 44 at a second height that is higher than the first height.
- the control unit 60 detects that the water has reached the second height. This makes it possible to accurately detect that water containing impurities has reached a predetermined position within the tank 44.
- the water level sensor according to this embodiment the water level of water containing impurities including microorganisms that can form a biofilm can be accurately measured.
- the third electrode 4417 is installed at a third height higher than the second height within the tank 44.
- the control unit 60 detects that the water has reached the third height. This makes it possible to accurately detect the arrival of these water levels even if there are multiple water levels whose arrival is desired to be determined.
- the first electrode 4411 is fixed so as to be maintained at a predetermined position in the tank 44 at the first height.
- the second electrode 4416 is arranged so as not to contact the member including the first electrode 4411. This allows water to flow around the second electrode 4416 without stagnation, making it possible to prevent dirt from adhering to the second electrode 4416. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a decrease in water level detection accuracy.
- the first electrode 4411 is attached so as to be suspended from the wall surface above the water surface in the tank 44, and is fixed to the support member.
- the second electrode 4416 is attached so as to be suspended from a wall surface above the water surface in the tank 44, and is not fixed to a support member.
- the second electrode 4416 is separated from the group of members fixed to the support member, and dirt does not adhere thereto. In other words, no biofilm is formed on the second electrode 4416. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a decrease in water level detection accuracy.
- the second electrode 4416 is arranged to be separated from the first electrode 4411 by a predetermined distance. As a result, the second electrode 4416 is separated from the first electrode 4411 where a plurality of members are present, and dirt does not adhere thereto. In other words, no biofilm is formed on the second electrode 4416. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a decrease in water level detection accuracy.
- the water level measuring device 4412 measures the water level of the tank 44.
- the control unit 60 corrects the water level measuring device 4412 based on the water level recognized when water contacts the first electrode 4411 and the second electrode 4416.
- the water level sensor according to this embodiment can linearly and highly accurately measure the water level in the tank 44.
- the water level measuring device 4412 measures the water level of the tank 44.
- the control unit 60 corrects the water level measuring device 4412 based on the water level recognized when water contacts the first electrode 4411 and the third electrode 4417.
- the water level sensor according to this embodiment can linearly and highly accurately measure the water level in the tank 44.
- the second electrode 4416 and the third electrode 4417 are installed in the water tank 44.
- electrodes other than the first electrode 4411 installed in the water storage tank 44 are not limited to these. If it is necessary to detect the water level more precisely, three or more electrodes may be installed.
- the first electrode 4411, the water level sensor 4412, the supply tubes 4413, 4414, the discharge tube 4415, the second electrode 4416, and the third electrode 4417 are connected to each other from the surface of the lid section 441 on the tank section 442 side.
- the explanation has been given by taking as an example a case where the device can be attached so as to be hung toward the inside of the tank portion 442.
- the first electrode 4411, the water level sensor 4412, the supply tubes 4413, 4414, the discharge tube 4415, the second electrode 4416, and the third electrode 4417 are not limited to the lid 441.
- the portion located above the water surface may not be the lid.
- the first electrode 4411, water level sensor 4412, supply tubes 4413, 4414, discharge tube 4415, second electrode 4416, and third electrode 4417 are attached to any wall surface above the water level in the tank other than to the lid. It may be.
- a conducting wire covered with a tube is connected to an electrode.
- the conductive wire is not limited to being covered by the tube.
- the conducting wire connected to the electrode may be covered with a hard material such as metal. By doing so, there is no need to bundle the first electrode 4411 with the indicating member.
- the second electrode 4416 is positioned to avoid contact with other components, such as the first electrode 4411, water level sensor 4412, supply tubes 4413, 4414, and discharge tube 4415.
- the supply tube and discharge tube within the water storage tank 44 have been described, but the supply tube and discharge tube within the water storage tank 44 are not limited to the above.
- the number of supply tubes is not limited to two, and the number of discharge tubes is not limited to one.
- the hand washing device 1 includes the water storage tank 44.
- the device including the water storage tank 44 is not limited to the hand washing device 1.
- a circulating water treatment device that purifies and reuses kitchen and laundry drainage, rainwater, groundwater, surface water, etc., may also include a water storage tank.
- the water storage tank 44 that stores water that has passed through the primary purification filter has been described as an example.
- the tank according to this embodiment is not limited to storing water that has passed through the primary purification filter.
- the tank according to this embodiment does not necessarily need to be provided with a primary purification filter at the front stage, as long as it stores water containing impurities including microorganisms that can form a biofilm.
- the tank according to the present embodiment may be used in a circulating water treatment device in which water is circulated. Further, the tank according to this embodiment may be used in a predetermined module that constitutes a circulating water treatment device.
- a first electrode installed at a first height in a tank storing water containing impurities including microorganisms capable of forming a biofilm, and a second electrode installed at a second height in the tank higher than the first height. a second electrode; and a control unit that detects that water has reached a second height when water comes into contact with the first and second electrodes.
- a third electrode is provided in the tank at a third height higher than the second height, and the control unit is configured to control when the water reaches the third height when the first electrode and the third electrode come into contact with each other.
- the water level sensor described in (Appendix 1) that detects this.
- the first electrode is fixed so as to be maintained at a predetermined position in the tank at the first height, and the second electrode is arranged so as not to contact the member containing the first electrode (Appendix 1) or ( Water level sensor described in Appendix 2).
- the first electrode is attached to be suspended from a wall above the water level in the tank and fixed to the support member, the second electrode is attached to be suspended from a wall above the water level in the tank,
- the water level sensor according to (Appendix 3) which is not fixed to a support member.
- the water level sensor according to Supplementary Note 4 wherein the second electrode is arranged so as to be separated by a predetermined distance from the first electrode.
- (Appendix 6) Equipped with a water level measuring device to measure the water level in the tank.
- the water level sensor according to any one of (Appendix 1) to (Appendix 5), wherein the control unit corrects the water level measuring device based on the water level recognized when water contacts the first electrode and the second electrode.
- (Appendix 7) Equipped with a water level measuring device to measure the water level in the tank.
- the water level sensor according to any one of (Appendix 1) to (Appendix 5), wherein the control unit corrects the water level measuring device based on the water level recognized when water contacts the first electrode and the third electrode.
- (Appendix 8) A water storage tank that stores water containing impurities including microorganisms that can form a biofilm, and is equipped with a water level sensor according to any one of (Appendix 1) to (Appendix 7).
- (Appendix 9) A hand washing device comprising a sink from which washing water is discharged, a primary purification filter that purifies wastewater from the sink, and a tank that stores water containing impurities that has passed through the primary purification filter, the tank comprising: A hand washing device comprising the water level sensor described in any one of (Appendix 1) to (Appendix 7).
- a circulating water treatment device comprising a tank for storing water containing impurities including microorganisms capable of forming biofilms, the tank comprising a water level sensor according to any one of (Appendix 1) to (Appendix 7).
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Abstract
Description
本実施形態に係る手洗い装置1は、バイオフィルムを形成し得る微生物や有機物等を含む不純物を含有した水を保持する貯水タンクの内部において、所定の第1高さの第1位置と、第1高さよりも高い第2高さの第2位置とに電極を有する。底近傍の電極と、その他の電極とに水が接触すると電流が流れ、その他の電極が設置された位置まで水が貯留されていることが検出される。バイオフィルムを形成し得る微生物や有機物等を含む不純物を含有した水は、汚水と称してもよい。
本実施形態に係る貯水タンク44について、当該貯水タンク44を用いた手洗い装置1を例に説明する。
手洗い装置1は、例えば、自立循環型の手洗い装置である。
図1に示すように、手洗い装置1は、筐体2と、外付けモジュール7と、を備えている。
筐体2は、円筒形状をなしている。筐体2は、例えばドラム缶を加工して構成される。筐体2の上部には、天板10が設けられている。天板10の中央部には、天板10を貫く設置穴が形成されている。
循環ユニット6は、構成のすべてが筐体2の内部に設けられているわけではなく、少なくとも一部が、外付けモジュール7の一部として、筐体2の外部に配置されている。
水栓12には、赤外線センサ23(図4参照)が設けられている。赤外線センサ23により物体が検知されると、水栓12の吐水口13から洗浄水が吐水される。
なお、水栓12に設けられる赤外線センサ23の位置は、先端部に限られず、任意に変更することができる。
図3は、手洗い装置1の薬剤ユニット5、循環ユニット6、制御部60を示すブロック図である。図3に示すように、筐体2の内部には、薬剤を供給する薬剤ユニット5、洗浄水を浄化して循環させる循環ユニット6、循環ユニット6を制御する制御部60が設けられている。
トラップ35は、手洗い槽11から洗浄水を排水する配管に設けられている。トラップ35は、例えば、悪臭、又はガス等が逆流するのを防ぎ、かつ、排水口17から入り込んだ異物が浄化ユニット40へ到達するのを防ぐ。
具体的には、制御部60は、静電容量センサ31による水の検知に応じ、排水ポンプ32を稼働させる。例えば、制御部60は、静電容量センサ31により水が検知されている間、排水ポンプ32を稼働させる。制御部60は、静電容量センサ31により水が検知されなくなると、排水ポンプ32を停止させる。
貯水タンク44には、水位センサが配置されている。水位センサは、貯水タンク44内に貯留されている水の水位を検知する。
膜ろ過ポンプ47は、制御部60の制御により稼働され、貯水タンク44で貯留される水を、予め設定された圧力へ昇圧し、逆浸透膜42へ供給する。なお、予め設定した圧力とは、例えば、少なくとも浸透圧よりも高い圧力である。
なお、センサ部61は、上記のセンサの他に、以下に列挙する少なくともいずれかをセンシングするセンサを有してもよい。
(1)pH、酸化還元電位、アルカリ度、イオン濃度、硬度
(2)濁度、色度、粘度、溶存酸素
(3)臭気、アンモニア態窒素・硝酸態窒素・亜硝酸態窒素・全窒素・残留塩素・全リン・全有機炭素・全無機炭素・全トリハロメタン
(4)微生物センサの検知結果、化学的酸素要求量、生物学的酸素要求量、
(5)シアン、水銀、油分、界面活性剤
(6)光学センサの検知結果、TDS(Total Dissolved Solids)センサの検知結果
(7)質量分析結果、微粒子、ゼータ電位、表面電位
なお、センサ部62は、上記のセンサの他に、センサ部61で示した(1)~(7)の少なくともいずれかをセンシングするセンサを有してもよい。
排水タンク45には、水位センサが配置されている。水位センサは、排水タンク45内に貯留されている排水の水位を検知する。
貯水タンク46には、水位センサが配置されている。水位センサは、貯水タンク46内に貯留されている水の水位を検知する。
塩素タンク67は、次亜塩素酸水を貯留するためのタンクである。次亜塩素酸水は、例えば、塩素タンク67に給水された水に、次亜塩素酸タブレットが溶かされることで生成される。また、次亜塩素酸水は、塩素タンク67に給水された水に食塩が溶かされ、食塩水が電気分解されることで生成されてもよい。
なお、食塩水に対して電気分解を行って、次亜塩素酸水を生成する電気分解ユニットを、塩素タンク67の下流側に別途設けてもよい。
塩素ポンプ68は、塩素タンク67の後段に配置されている。塩素ポンプ68は、制御部60の制御により稼働され、塩素タンク67で貯留される次亜塩素酸水を、後処理フィルタ43で後処理が施された水に添加する。
図4は、図3に示す貯水タンク44の正面図である。図4に示すように、貯水タンク44は、蓋部441、タンク部442を有している。
次に、手洗い装置1の制御処理について説明する。図7~図9は、手洗い装置1の制御処理を示す説明図である。
まず、吐水ユニット20における水栓12からの吐水処理について説明する。
図7に示すように、制御部60は、吐水ポンプ21をOFFとする(ステップS11)。
制御部60は、赤外線センサ23による手指の非検知に応じ(ステップS17のNO)、吐水ポンプ21を停止させる(ステップS11)。
一方、ステップS18において、赤外線センサ23により手指が検知されない場合(ステップS18のNO)、制御部60は、吐水ポンプ21を稼働させない(ステップS11)。
制御部60は、赤外線センサ23による手指の非検知に応じ(ステップS110のNO)、吐水ポンプ21を停止させる(ステップS11)。
吐水ユニット20は、これらの処理を繰り返し、水栓12から洗浄水を吐水する。
制御部60は、赤外線センサ23により手指を検知している時間を計測することにより、一定時間にわたって手指を検知している場合に、水の吐出を停止させることとしてもよい。
図7に示す例では、ステップS14で、赤外線センサ23によりユーザの手指を検知したか否かを判断する場合を説明したが、ステップS14でなされる判断は、赤外線センサ23による検知に限定されない。例えば、制御部60は、ユーザが手洗い装置1を使用した手洗いを実施しそうか否かを判断すればよい。例えば、制御部60は、監視装置により、ユーザが手洗い装置1に接近しているか否かを判断することで、ユーザが手洗い装置1を使用した手洗いを実施しそうか否かを判断してもよい。また、制御部60は、UV殺菌装置80に携行品が設置されたか否かを判断することで、ユーザが手洗い装置1を使用した手洗いを実施しそうか否かを判断してもよい。
次に、排水ユニット30における排水処理について説明する。
図8に示すように、手洗い槽11からの排水がない状態では、排水ポンプ32は停止している(ステップS21)。
そして、手洗い槽11に向けて水栓12から吐水された洗浄水が、手洗い槽11の排水口17から排水されると、静電容量センサ31が排水を検知する(ステップS22)。
一方、静電容量センサ31が、排水を検知しない場合(ステップS22のNO)には、制御部60は、排水ポンプ32を稼働させない(ステップS21)。
次に、浄化ユニット40における洗浄処理について説明する。
図9に示すように、最初、膜ろ過ポンプ47は停止している(ステップS31)。
排水ポンプ32が稼働している場合(ステップS32のYES)、制御部60は、膜ろ過ポンプ47を稼働させる(ステップS33)。これにより、貯水タンク44で貯留されている水が、膜ろ過ポンプ47により、高圧で逆浸透膜42に供給される。
濃縮水は、二方電磁弁74を経て貯水タンク44に流入する。なお、二方電磁弁75は、閉じた状態となっているため、濃縮水が排水タンク45に流入することはない。
EC/温度センサで検知される電気伝導度が所定値未満である場合(S34のYES)、制御部60は、排水ポンプ32が稼働しているか否かを判断する(ステップS35)。排水ポンプ32が稼働している場合(ステップS35のYES)、制御部60は、継続して膜ろ過ポンプ47を稼働させる(ステップS33)。
このように、二方電磁弁74は開かれ、二方電磁弁75は閉じられることにより、逆浸透膜42で分離された濃縮水は、二方電磁弁74を経て貯水タンク44に流入する。そして、制御部60は、膜ろ過ポンプ47を停止させる(ステップS31)
次に、貯水タンク44における水位測定処理について説明する。図10、図11は、貯水タンク44における水位測定処理を示す説明図である。
上記実施形態では、第2電極4416と、第3電極4417とが貯水タンク44に設置される例に説明した。しかしながら、貯水タンク44に設置される第1電極4411以外の電極は、これらに限定されない。水位をより細かく検出する必要がある場合には、3つ以上の電極が設置されてもよい。
バイオフィルムを形成し得る微生物を含む不純物を含有する水を貯留するタンク内の第1高さに設置される第1電極と、タンク内の、第1高さよりも高い第2高さに設置される第2電極と、第1電極と第2電極とに水が接触すると第2高さまで水が到達したことを検出する制御部とを具備する水位センサ。
(付記2)
タンク内の、第2高さよりも高い第3高さに設置される第3電極を具備し、制御部は、第1電極と第3電極とに水が接触すると第3高さまで水が到達したことを検出する(付記1)に記載の水位センサ。
(付記3)
第1電極は、第1高さにおけるタンク中の所定の位置で維持されるように固定され、第2電極は、第1電極を含む部材と接触しないように配置される(付記1)又は(付記2)に記載の水位センサ。
(付記4)
第1電極は、タンク内の水面より上位の壁面から吊り下げられるように取り付けられ、支持部材に固定され、第2電極は、タンク内の水面より上位の壁面から吊り下げられるように取り付けられ、支持部材に固定されない(付記3)に記載の水位センサ。
(付記5)
第2電極は、第1電極に対して所定の距離だけ隔てられるように配置される(付記4)に記載の水位センサ。
(付記6)
タンクの水位を計測する水位計測器を具備し、
制御部は、第1電極と第2電極とに水が接触した際に認識される水位に基づき、水位計測器を補正する(付記1)乃至(付記5)のいずれかに記載の水位センサ。
(付記7)
タンクの水位を計測する水位計測器を具備し、
制御部は、第1電極と第3電極とに水が接触した際に認識される水位に基づき、水位計測器を補正する(付記1)乃至(付記5)のいずれかに記載の水位センサ。
(付記8)
バイオフィルムを形成し得る微生物を含む不純物を含有する水を貯留する貯水タンクであって、(付記1)乃至(付記7)のいずれかに記載する水位センサを備える貯水タンク。
(付記9)
洗浄水が吐出されるシンクと、シンクからの排水を浄化する一次浄化フィルタと、一次浄化フィルタを通過した、不純物を含有する水を貯留するタンクとを具備する手洗い装置であって、タンクは、(付記1)乃至(付記7)のいずれかに記載する水位センサを備える手洗い装置。
(付記10)
バイオフィルムを形成し得る微生物を含む不純物を含有する水を貯留するタンクを具備する循環型水処理装置であって、タンクは、(付記1)乃至(付記7)のいずれかに記載する水位センサを備える循環型水処理装置。
10…天板
11…手洗い槽
12…水栓
13…吐水口
14…ディスペンサ
19…車輪
2…筐体
3…扉
4…ハンドル
8…取付部
9…取付部
20…吐水ユニット
21…吐水ポンプ
22…UV殺菌部
23…赤外線センサ
30…排水ユニット
31…静電容量センサ
32…排水ポンプ
33…圧力センサ
34…流量センサ
35…トラップ
40…浄化ユニット
41…処理フィルタ
42…浸透膜
43…後処理フィルタ
44…貯水タンク
45…排水タンク
46…貯水タンク
47…膜ろ過ポンプ
5…薬剤ユニット
50…薬剤タンク
51…薬剤ポンプ
52…赤外線センサ
53…ノズル
6…循環ユニット
60…制御部
61…センサ部
62…センサ部
67…塩素タンク
68…塩素ポンプ
7…外付けモジュール
73…圧力調整弁
74…二方電磁弁
75…二方電磁弁
80…UV殺菌装置
81…挿入口
Claims (10)
- バイオフィルムを形成し得る微生物を含む不純物を含有する水を貯留するタンク内の第1高さに設置される第1電極と、
前記タンク内の、前記第1高さよりも高い第2高さに設置される第2電極と、
前記第1電極と前記第2電極とに水が接触すると前記第2高さまで水が到達したことを検出する制御部と
を具備する水位センサ。 - 前記タンク内の、前記第2高さよりも高い第3高さに設置される第3電極を具備し、
前記制御部は、前記第1電極と前記第3電極とに水が接触すると第3高さまで水が到達したことを検出する請求項1記載の水位センサ。 - 前記第1電極は、前記第1高さにおける前記タンク中の所定の位置で維持されるように固定され、
前記第2電極は、前記第1電極を含む部材と接触しないように配置される請求項1又は請求項2に記載の水位センサ。 - 前記第1電極は、前記タンク内の水面より上位の壁面から吊り下げられるように取り付けられ、支持部材に固定され、
前記第2電極は、前記タンク内の水面より上位の壁面から吊り下げられるように取り付けられ、前記支持部材に固定されない請求項3記載の水位センサ。 - 前記第2電極は、前記第1電極に対して所定の距離だけ隔てられるように配置される請求項4記載の水位センサ。
- 前記タンクの水位を計測する水位計測器を具備し、
前記制御部は、前記第1電極と前記第2電極とに水が接触した際に認識される水位に基づき、前記水位計測器を補正する請求項1乃至請求項5のいずれかに記載の水位センサ。 - 前記タンクの水位を計測する水位計測器を具備し、
前記制御部は、前記第1電極と前記第3電極とに水が接触した際に認識される水位に基づき、前記水位計測器を補正する請求項1乃至請求項5のいずれかに記載の水位センサ。 - バイオフィルムを形成し得る微生物を含む不純物を含有する水を貯留する貯水タンクであって、請求項1乃至請求項7のいずれかに記載する水位センサを備える貯水タンク。
- 洗浄水が吐出されるシンクと、
前記シンクからの排水を浄化する一次浄化フィルタと、
前記一次浄化フィルタを通過した、不純物を含有する水を貯留するタンクと
を具備する手洗い装置であって、
前記タンクは、請求項1乃至請求項7のいずれかに記載する水位センサを備える手洗い装置。 - バイオフィルムを形成し得る微生物を含む不純物を含有する水を貯留するタンクを具備する循環型水処理装置であって、
前記タンクは、請求項1乃至請求項7のいずれかに記載する水位センサを備える循環型水処理装置。
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| EP23796058.8A EP4517278A4 (en) | 2022-04-25 | 2023-04-10 | WATER LEVEL SENSOR, WATER STORAGE TANK, HAND WASHING DEVICE AND CIRCULATING WATER TREATMENT DEVICE |
| US18/921,442 US20250044137A1 (en) | 2022-04-25 | 2024-10-21 | Water level sensor, water storage tank, and circulating water treatment apparatus |
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| CN119817961B (zh) * | 2025-02-24 | 2025-11-25 | 佛山市顺德区美的饮水机制造有限公司 | 一种传感器故障确定方法、装置、净饮水机和存储介质 |
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| EP4517278A1 (en) | 2025-03-05 |
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| US20250044137A1 (en) | 2025-02-06 |
| JP7805634B2 (ja) | 2026-01-26 |
| JP2023161102A (ja) | 2023-11-07 |
| JP2023161548A (ja) | 2023-11-07 |
| EP4517278A4 (en) | 2025-08-20 |
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