WO2023208050A1 - 一种骨传导发声单元及可穿戴设备 - Google Patents

一种骨传导发声单元及可穿戴设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023208050A1
WO2023208050A1 PCT/CN2023/090900 CN2023090900W WO2023208050A1 WO 2023208050 A1 WO2023208050 A1 WO 2023208050A1 CN 2023090900 W CN2023090900 W CN 2023090900W WO 2023208050 A1 WO2023208050 A1 WO 2023208050A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vibration
bone conduction
housing
conduction sound
unit according
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PCT/CN2023/090900
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曹洪斌
陶志勇
刘莹
Original Assignee
苏州索迩电子技术有限公司
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Application filed by 苏州索迩电子技术有限公司 filed Critical 苏州索迩电子技术有限公司
Publication of WO2023208050A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023208050A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1091—Details not provided for in groups H04R1/1008 - H04R1/1083
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2460/00—Details of hearing devices, i.e. of ear- or headphones covered by H04R1/10 or H04R5/033 but not provided for in any of their subgroups, or of hearing aids covered by H04R25/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2460/13—Hearing devices using bone conduction transducers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an acoustic device, and in particular to a bone conduction sound unit and a wearable device.
  • Some wearable devices use bone conduction technology to transmit sound, such as bone conduction headphones, bone conduction glasses, etc. Since bone conduction headphones can transmit sound through the skull and do not need to transmit sound through the air, they are less disturbed by noisy environments and can also Free your ears and reduce the discomfort caused by wearing earphones.
  • the vibration and sound-generating modules in wearable devices are usually directly fixed in the shell.
  • the shell will be vibrated together, forming a large-mass vibrating body, which requires a large amount of energy to drive the sound, and The volume of the wearable device is too low and the sound leakage is serious.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a bone conduction sound unit and a wearable device that can reduce sound leakage.
  • the present invention proposes a bone conduction sound unit, including:
  • the housing includes a receiving cavity, and the upper end surface of the housing is provided with a mounting hole that communicates with the receiving cavity;
  • a flexible component connected to the mounting hole of the housing;
  • a vibrating sound-generating module is located in the receiving cavity.
  • One end of the vibrating sound-generating module is connected to the flexible member, and the other end is elastically connected to the housing.
  • the flexible part is made of silicone, rubber or TPE, and the hardness of the flexible part is 10-80 SHA.
  • the hardness of the silica gel is 40-70 SHA.
  • the flexible member is provided with a receiving groove, and the end of the vibrating sound module is matched in the receiving groove.
  • the flexible member includes a body part extending into the receiving cavity, and the receiving groove is provided on an end surface of the body part facing the receiving cavity.
  • the flexible member includes a convex portion protruding from the side of the body portion, and a first mounting groove is formed on the upper end surface of the housing and a second mounting groove is formed on the bottom surface of the first mounting groove.
  • the first installation groove and the second installation groove both penetrate the front end surface and the rear end surface of the housing, the body part is provided in the first installation groove, and the convex part is provided in the second into the installation slot.
  • the flexible member is flush with the upper end surface of the housing, or the flexible member protrudes from the upper end surface of the housing.
  • the angle range between the vibration axis of the vibrating sound-generating module and the normal line of the upper end surface of the housing or the normal line of the surface of the flexible member used for contact with human skin is 0 to 30. °.
  • the bone conduction sound-generating unit further includes a first elastic piece, the first elastic piece includes a bracket connected to the vibration sound-generating module and a first vibration arm connected between the bracket and the housing.
  • the housing is provided with at least two support seats arranged at intervals, and the first vibration arm is connected to the support seats.
  • the housing includes a first plate body and a second plate body arranged oppositely, the receiving cavity is located between the first plate body and the second plate body, and the flexible member is connected to the first plate body.
  • the support base is provided on the second plate body.
  • the second plate body is also provided with a limiting boss protruding toward the vibrating sound-generating module, and there is a vibration space between the limiting boss and the vibrating sound-generating module.
  • the vibration sound module includes an outer frame with an open end, a stator located in the outer frame, a second spring piece connected to the open end of the outer frame, and a mover connected to the second spring piece, so
  • the second elastic piece includes an outer frame body connected to the outer frame, a central body provided in the outer frame body, and a second vibration arm connected between the outer frame body and the central body.
  • the bracket is connected to the central body, and the bracket is provided with an escape hole to avoid vibration of the central body and the second vibration arm.
  • the vibration and sound module includes an outer frame with an open end and a The stator and mover, the bracket is connected to the open end of the outer frame, the bracket is annular, the first elastic piece includes a central body located in the bracket and is connected to the bracket and the center The second vibrating arm between the bodies, the mover is connected to the central body.
  • the present invention also proposes a wearable device, including the bone conduction sound unit as described in any one of the above.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • a flexible part is provided on the casing, one end of the vibrating sound-generating module is connected to the flexible part, and the other end is elastically connected to the casing, which can reduce the impact of the vibration of the vibrating sound-generating module on the casing, and is beneficial to reducing the vibration of the casing. Small sound leakage while increasing the sound heard by the user.
  • the outer periphery of the vibrating sound module and the shell can be separated by the flexible part, and the flexible part can play a better role. cushioning effect.
  • the vibration-sounding module achieves an elastic connection with the shell through the first shrapnel, which makes the connection between the vibration-sounding module and the shell better. It is less likely to shake and roll during the vibration process, and the bone conduction sound-generating unit is more reliable in use. better.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bone conduction sound generating unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the bone conduction sound unit shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a left view of the bone conduction sound unit shown in FIG. 1 .
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the first housing in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a housing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the bone conduction sound unit shown in FIG. 1 .
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a flexible member according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the bone conduction sound unit shown in Fig. 1 from another direction.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a vibrating sound-generating module connected to a first spring piece in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the first spring piece according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a second housing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of a vibrating sound module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the vibration sound module shown in FIG. 12 .
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the first elastic piece according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the first elastic piece and the second elastic piece in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a frequency response curve of the bone conduction sound unit when its flexible parts are made of silicone with different hardnesses.
  • Figure 17 is an amplitude diagram of the bone conduction sound unit when its flexible parts are made of silicone with different hardnesses.
  • FIG. 18 is an enlarged view of part I in FIG. 17 .
  • an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application.
  • the appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art understand, both explicitly and implicitly, that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
  • the present invention proposes a bone conduction sound generating unit, which includes a shell 1, a flexible member 2 connected to the shell 1, and a vibration sound module 3 located in the shell 1.
  • the housing 1 includes a first housing 10 and a second housing 11 that are connected to each other.
  • the first housing 10 includes a first plate body 1a and two plates connected to both sides of the first plate body 1a. a first side panel 1c, a second
  • the housing 11 includes a second plate body 1b and two second side plates 1d connected to both sides of the second plate body 1b.
  • the first plate body 1a and the second plate body 1b are arranged oppositely.
  • the two side plates are opposite to each other. parallel.
  • the first shell 10 and the second shell 11 are connected to each other through two first side plates 1c and two second side plates 1d, for example, through gluing, buckling or welding. After the connection is completed, the first shell The body 10 and the second housing 11 cooperate to form a receiving cavity 12 .
  • the material of the housing 1 is plastic or metal.
  • a mounting hole 100 is provided on the upper end surface 14 of the housing 1 .
  • the mounting hole 100 penetrates the first plate body 1 a and communicates with the receiving cavity 12 .
  • the flexible member 2 is connected to the mounting hole 100 of the first housing 10 , and may be connected to the first housing 10 by gluing or welding, or may be formed on the first housing 10 by two-color injection molding.
  • the flexible member 2 is partially exposed outside the housing 1 and partially exposed inside the receiving cavity 12 .
  • the flexible part 2 is in contact with the skin of the human face to transmit vibrations. Since the flexible part 2 is softer than the shell 1, its touch is more comfortable.
  • the material of the flexible member 2 is, for example, silicone, TPE, or rubber material.
  • the vibration-sounding module 3 is used to generate vibration, and is located in the receiving cavity 12 .
  • One end of the vibrating sound module 3 is connected to the flexible member 2, and the other end is elastically connected to the second plate body 1b. Since the upper and lower ends of the vibration and sound module 3 are not fixedly connected to the shell 1, there is a certain degree of elasticity between the two. Therefore, it can play a good cushioning effect, and the vibration and sound module 3 will not be completely driven when it vibrates. When the shell 1 vibrates, the amount of vibration transmitted to the shell 1 is smaller, which can effectively reduce the overall vibration and sound leakage.
  • the vibration can be directly transmitted to the person's face through the flexible member 2, and only less energy is transmitted to the housing 1, and the vibration energy is more concentrated, which is beneficial to increasing the vibration sound volume of the vibration sound module 3, thereby improving the sound heard by the person.
  • the sound pressure level (sensitivity) transmitted through vibration is beneficial to increasing the vibration sound volume of the vibration sound module 3, thereby improving the sound heard by the person.
  • the material of the flexible member 2 is silica gel, and silica gel has a good touch feeling, which is beneficial to improving wearing comfort.
  • the silica gel is hard silica gel, and its hardness is 10-80 SHA.
  • the hardness is 40-70 SHA. More preferably, the hardness of the silica gel is 60 SHA.
  • Figure 16 is a simulation diagram of the frequency response curve of the bone conduction sound-generating unit when the flexible part 2 is made of silicone of different hardnesses.
  • Figure 17 is a simulation of the bone conduction sound-generating unit when the flexible part 2 is made of silicone of different hardnesses.
  • the overall amplitude diagram obtained, Figure 18, is an enlarged view of part I in Figure 17.
  • the frequency response curve will not be distorted in the mid-frequency band, the sound quality is easy to ensure, and the amplitude of the bone conduction sound unit is small. Furthermore, when the silicone hardness is 60SHA, it can well balance the frequency response curve and the amplitude of the bone conduction sound unit, resulting in better sound quality and user experience.
  • the flexible member 2 When the flexible member 2 is made of other materials, it is also preferred that its hardness is within the aforementioned preferred hardness range. By reasonably limiting the hardness of the flexible member 2, the flexible member 2 can achieve a good balance between touch and cushioning effects.
  • the vibrating sound-generating module 3 is partially embedded in the flexible part 2 so that the flexible part 2 is in direct contact with the vibrating sound-generating module 3 and can also define the relative position of the vibrating sound-generating module 3 and the flexible part 2 .
  • the flexible member 2 is provided with a receiving groove 200.
  • the shape of the receiving groove 200 is adapted to the shape of the end of the vibrating sound-generating module 3.
  • the upper end of the vibrating sound-generating module 3 is installed in the receiving groove 200. Inside.
  • the receiving groove 200 is tightly matched with the upper end of the vibrating sound module 3 .
  • the flexible member 2 can play a more sufficient and comprehensive cushioning effect.
  • the flexible member 2 includes a body portion 20 extending into the receiving cavity 12 , and the receiving groove 200 is provided on the end surface 201 of the body portion 20 facing the receiving cavity 12 . It is further preferred that the upper end of the vibration sound module 3 is lower than the height of the inner surface 104 of the first plate body 1a or flush with the inner surface 104. In this way, during the transverse transmission of vibration from the body part 20 (X-axis in the figure), It will not be directly transmitted to the first plate body 1a, and the vibration isolation effect is better.
  • the upper end surface 14 of the housing 1 is provided with a first installation groove 101, and a second installation groove 102 is provided on the bottom surface 1010 of the first installation groove 101.
  • the second installation groove 102 extends to the Below the inner surface 104 of a plate body 1a, which communicates with the receiving cavity 12, the above-mentioned mounting hole 100 is formed.
  • the flexible member 2 includes two protrusions 21 protruding from both sides of the body part 20. The body part 20 and the protrusions 21 are located in the first installation groove 101 and the second installation groove 102 respectively. In this way, the contact area between the flexible member 2 and the first housing 10 can be larger.
  • the connection between the flexible member 2 and the first housing 10 will be reduced. Stronger and less likely to fall off.
  • the first mounting groove 101 and the second mounting groove 102 penetrate the front end surface 15 and the rear end surface 16 of the housing 1. Referring to Figure 8, during the longitudinal transmission of vibration from the body part 20 (Y-axis in the figure), no will be directly transmitted to the first plate body 1a, further hindering the Transmission of vibration to housing 1.
  • the surface 23 of the flexible member 2 for contact with the skin is flush with the upper end surface 14 of the housing 1 .
  • the surface 23 of the flexible member 2 for contacting the skin is a convex arc surface. This surface 23 protrudes from the upper end surface 14 of the housing 1. On the one hand, it can increase flexibility. On the other hand, the thickness of the flexible member 2 can make the area where the flexible member 2 contacts the skin more concentrated.
  • the bone conduction sound-generating unit further includes a first elastic piece 4.
  • the vibration sound-generating module 3 achieves elastic connection with the shell 1 through the first elastic piece 4.
  • the first elastic piece 4 includes a bracket 40 and a first vibration arm 41 connected to the bracket 40.
  • the bracket 40 and the first vibration arm 41 are integrally formed.
  • the bracket 40 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the vibrating sound module 3 .
  • the first vibration arm 41 extends outward from the bracket 40 and its end is connected to the housing 1 .
  • the bracket 40 When the vibrating sound-generating module 3 vibrates, the bracket 40 is fixed to the vibrating sound-generating module 3, so it moves synchronously with the vibrating sound-generating module 3, and the first vibrating arm 41 becomes elastic along with the overall vibration of the vibrating sound-generating module 3.
  • the deformation reduces the direct transmission of the overall vibration of the vibration-sounding module 3 to the housing 1, thereby reducing the overall vibration of the housing 1.
  • the material of the first elastic piece 4 may be stainless steel, for example.
  • the first elastic piece 4 includes four first vibration arms 41 , and two first vibration arms 41 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bracket 40 to make the first elastic piece 4 vibrate more smoothly.
  • one or more first vibration arms 41 may be symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bracket 40 .
  • the second plate body 1b is provided with at least two spaced support seats 13.
  • the support seats 13 are located in the receiving cavity 12 and face the vibration sound module 3
  • the side is convex.
  • the end of the first vibration arm 41 is fixedly connected to the support base 13 .
  • the support seats 13 can also be provided at other positions.
  • two support seats 13 are provided at intervals on each of the two first side plates 1c of the first housing 10, and four first vibration arms are provided.
  • the ends of 41 are connected to the four support bases 13 respectively.
  • the vibration sound module 3 usually includes a stator and a mover, and the mover vibrates through the interaction of electromagnetic force between the mover and the stator.
  • the vibration sound module 3 includes an outer frame 30, a stator provided in the outer frame 30, a second elastic piece 32 connected to the outer frame 30, and a mover connected to the second elastic piece 32. .
  • the upper end of the outer frame 30 is connected to the flexible member 2, and the lower end is open.
  • the stator includes a coil 310 and a first magnet 311 provided in the coil 310.
  • the coil 310 and the first magnet 311 are both fixedly connected to the top plate 300 of the outer frame 30.
  • the mover includes a second magnet 330 arranged opposite to the first magnet 311.
  • the two magnets The magnetic poles are arranged along the vibration axis of the mover, and the two magnets are arranged opposite to each other with the same pole, thereby forming a repulsive force between them.
  • the outer frame 30 is made of magnetically permeable material. The attractive force between the second magnet 330 and the outer frame 30 is equal in size and opposite in direction to the repulsive force between the first magnet 311 and the second magnet 330 , so that the second magnet 330 It is in a state of static equilibrium and is more sensitive to changes in the magnetic field.
  • the second elastic piece 32 includes an annular outer frame body 320 connected to the outer frame 30 , a central body 321 provided in the outer frame body 320 , and a connecting rod connected between the outer frame body 320 and the central body 321 .
  • the mover is connected to the central body 321. After the coil 310 is energized, a changing magnetic field is generated, so that the mover is subject to changing forces and vibrates under the driving of the magnetic field. During the vibration process, the second vibrating arm 322 undergoes elastic deformation and can provide a restoring force.
  • the vibration axis 3a of the mover is the vibration axis of the vibrating sound module 3, which passes through the flexible member 2.
  • the angle between the vibration axis and the normal line of the upper end surface 14 of the housing 1 or the angle between the normal line of the surface 23 of the flexible member 2 for contact with the skin ranges from 0 to 30° (the upper end surface 14 and the surface 23 may be a flat surface or an arc surface. When they are flat surfaces, the vibration axis The angle between the normal line of the plane and the normal line of the plane is a fixed value between 0 and 30°. When it is an arc surface, the angle between the vibration axis and the normal line of each point on the arc surface is between 0 and 30°.) .
  • the bracket 40 of the first spring piece 4 is connected to the bottom of the outer frame body 320, and the two can be connected by gluing or welding, for example. Since the central body 321 and the second vibrating arm 322 of the first elastic piece 4 move up and down during the vibration process and protrude to the lower end of the outer frame 30, the bracket 40 is configured to avoid the central body 321 and the second vibrating arm. 322 Vibration avoidance hole 400.
  • the above-mentioned first elastic piece 4 and the second elastic piece 32 can be integrated. In the case of being integrated, the overall thickness of the first elastic piece 4 and the second elastic piece 32 can be further reduced. Refer to Figure 10, the thickness of the first elastic piece 4
  • the bracket 40 is annular.
  • the first elastic piece 4 also includes a center body 321 located in the bracket 40 and a second vibration arm 322 connected between the bracket 40 and the center body 321. The mover is connected to the center body 321. In this way, the bracket 40 and the above-mentioned outer frame body 320 are integrated into one part, and the overall structure is more compact.
  • a limiting boss 110 is also provided below the vibrating sound-generating module 3.
  • the limiting boss 110 is provided below the vibrating sound-generating module 3.
  • the position boss 110 is provided on the second plate body 1 b, which protrudes toward the vibration sound module 3 and is located between the two support seats 13 .
  • the limiting boss 110 can Limit the maximum displacement of the vibrating sound-generating module 3 to prevent the vibrating sound-generating module 3 from being damaged due to excessive displacement in the event of falling, impact, etc. Furthermore, a flexible pad can also be attached to the upper surface of the limiting boss 110 and/or the lower surface of the central body 321 to play a buffering role.
  • the present invention also proposes a wearable device, such as a bone conduction earphone, bone conduction glasses, etc., which is provided with the above-mentioned bone conduction sound unit.
  • the shell 1 and the vibration sound module 3 are in a long strip shape, and the shell 1 can be used as the temples of the bone conduction glasses, making it easier for the bone conduction sound unit to be combined with the bone conduction glasses, as Part of the frame.
  • the flexible parts 2 are clamped on both sides of the person's head and fit with the facial skin, thereby efficiently transmitting vibration and sound.
  • the amount of vibration of the shell 1 perceived by the person's face is small.
  • the overall vibration of the glasses is weak, making them more comfortable to wear.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种骨传导发声单元及可穿戴设备，该骨传导发声单元包括外壳、柔性件和振动发声模块，外壳包括收容腔，所述外壳的上端面开设有与所述收容腔相通的安装孔。柔性件连接于所述外壳的安装孔内。振动发声模块设于所述收容腔内，所述振动发声模块一端与所述柔性件相连，另一端与所述外壳弹性连接。本发明的骨传导发声单元在工作时，振动发声模块的振动对外壳的影响小，从而减小了漏音，提高了使用者听到的音量。

Description

一种骨传导发声单元及可穿戴设备
优先权信息：本申请要求于2022年4月29日提交的申请号为202210476066.2的中国专利申请的优先权。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种声学装置，尤其涉及一种骨传导发声单元及可穿戴设备。
背景技术
一些可穿戴设备应用有骨传导技术实现声音的传递，例如骨传导耳机、骨传导眼镜等，由于骨传导耳机能够通过颅骨传声，无需通过空气传声，因此受到嘈杂环境的干扰小，同时能解放双耳，减少因为塞入式佩戴耳机造成的不适感。
目前，可穿戴设备内的振动发声模块通常直接固定在壳体内，这样，振动发声模块在振动时，壳体将被连带着振动，形成大质量的振动体，需要较大的能量驱动发声，且可穿戴设备的音量偏小，漏音严重。
因此，有必要对现有技术予以改良以克服现有技术中的所述缺陷。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种骨传导发声单元及可穿戴设备，能够减少漏音。
为实现上述发明目的，一方面，本发明提出了一种骨传导发声单元，包括：
外壳，包括收容腔，所述外壳的上端面开设有与所述收容腔相通的安装孔；
柔性件，连接于所述外壳的安装孔内；以及，
振动发声模块，设于所述收容腔内，所述振动发声模块一端与所述柔性件相连，另一端与所述外壳弹性连接。
进一步地，所述柔性件的材质为硅胶、橡胶或者TPE，所述柔性件的硬度为10～80SHA。
进一步地，所述硅胶的硬度为40～70SHA。
进一步地，所述柔性件设有容纳槽，所述振动发声模块端部配接于所述容纳槽内。
进一步地，所述柔性件包括延伸至所述收容腔内的本体部，所述容纳槽设于所述本体部朝向所述收容腔的端面上。
进一步地，所述柔性件包括自所述本体部侧面凸出的凸部，所述外壳的上端面开设有第一安装槽以及开设于所述第一安装槽的槽底面上的第二安装槽，所述第一安装槽和所述第二安装槽均贯穿所述外壳的前端面和后端面，所述本体部设于所述第一安装槽内，所述凸部设于所述第二安装槽内。
进一步地，所述柔性件与所述外壳的上端面平齐，或者，所述柔性件凸出于所述外壳的上端面。
进一步地，所述振动发声模块的振动轴线与所述外壳的上端面的法线之间或者与所述柔性件用于与人体皮肤接触的表面的法线之间的夹角范围为0～30°。
进一步地，所述的骨传导发声单元还包括第一弹片，所述第一弹片包括与所述振动发声模块相连的支架以及连接于所述支架和所述外壳之间的第一振动臂。
进一步地，所述外壳设有至少两个间隔设置的支撑座，所述第一振动臂与所述支撑座相连。
进一步地，所述外壳包括相对设置的第一板体和第二板体，所述收容腔位于所述第一板体和所述第二板体之间，所述柔性件连接于所述第一板体上，所述支撑座设于所述第二板体上。
进一步地，所述第二板体还设有向着所述振动发声模块凸出的限位凸台，所述限位凸台和所述振动发声模块之间具有振动空间。
进一步地，所述振动发声模块包括一端开口的外框、设于所述外框内的定子、连接于所述外框的开口端的第二弹片以及与所述第二弹片相连的动子，所述第二弹片包括与所述外框相连的外架体、设于所述外架体内的中心体以及连接于所述外架体和所述中心体之间的第二振动臂，所述动子与所述中心体相连，所述支架设有避让所述中心体和所述第二振动臂振动的避让孔。
进一步地，所述振动发声模块包括一端开口的外框以及设于所述外框内 的定子和动子，所述支架连接于所述外框的开口端，所述支架呈环形，所述第一弹片包括设于所述支架内的中心体以及连接于所述支架和所述中心体之间的第二振动臂，所述动子与所述中心体相连。
另一方面，本发明还提出了一种可穿戴设备，包括如上任一项所述的骨传导发声单元。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：
1.本发明中，外壳上设置有柔性件，振动发声模块一端与柔性件连接，另一端与外壳弹性连接，能够减小振动发声模块的振动对外壳的影响，有利于减轻外壳的振动，减小漏音，同时增大使用者听到的声音。
2.通过在柔性件上设置容纳槽，并将振动发声模块的端部设于容纳槽内，可以使得振动发声模块的外周与外壳之间均通过柔性件隔开，柔性件能够起到更好的缓震效果。
3.振动发声模块通过第一弹片实现与外壳之间的弹性连接，使得振动发声模块与外壳的连接效果更好，在振动的过程中不易发生晃动、滚振，骨传导发声单元使用的可靠性更好。
附图说明
图1是本发明中一种实施方式的骨传导发声单元的结构示意图。
图2是图1所示的骨传导发声单元的爆炸图。
图3是图1所示的骨传导发声单元的左视图。
图4是本发明中一种实施方式的第一壳体的结构示意图。
图5是本发明中一种实施方式的外壳的剖视图。
图6是图1所示的骨传导发声单元的剖视图。
图7是本发明中一种实施方式的柔性件的结构示意图。
图8是图1所示的骨传导发声单元另一视向的剖视图。
图9是本发明中一种实施方式的振动发声模块与第一弹片相连的结构示意图。
图10是本发明中一种实施方式的第一弹片的结构示意图。
图11是本发明中一种实施方式的第二壳体的结构示意图。
图12是本发明中一种实施方式的振动发声模块的剖视图。
图13是图12所示的振动发声模块的结构示意图。
图14是本发明中一种实施方式的第一弹片的结构示意图。
图15是本发明中一种实施方式的第一弹片与第二弹片相连的结构示意图。
图16是骨传导发声单元在其柔性件采用不同硬度的硅胶时的频响曲线图。
图17是骨传导发声单元在其柔性件采用不同硬度的硅胶时的振幅图。
图18是图17中I部的放大图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的上述目的、特征和优点能够更为明显易懂，下面结合附图，对本申请的具体实施方式做详细的说明。可以理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用于解释本申请，而非对本申请的限定。另外还需要说明的是，为了便于描述，附图中仅示出了与本申请相关的部分而非全部结构。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元，而是可选地还包括没有列出的步骤或单元，或可选地还包括对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
如图1至图14所示，本发明提出了一种骨传导发声单元，包括外壳1、与外壳1相连的柔性件2以及设于外壳1内的振动发声模块3。
参考图1至图3，外壳1包括相互连接的第一壳体10和第二壳体11，其中，第一壳体10包括第一板体1a和连接于第一板体1a两侧的两个第一侧板1c，第二 壳体11包括第二板体1b和连接于第二板体1b两侧的两个第二侧板1d，第一板体1a和第二板体1b相对设置，本实施例中，两者相互平行。第一壳体10和第二壳体11通过两个第一侧板1c和两个第二侧板1d相互连接，例如通过胶粘、卡扣或者焊接等方式相连，连接完成后，第一壳体10和第二壳体11之间配合形成收容腔12。
作为一种优选的实施方式，外壳1的材质为塑胶或者金属。
参考图4至图6，在外壳1的上端面14上开设有安装孔100，安装孔100贯穿第一板体1a，与收容腔12相通。柔性件2连接于第一壳体10的安装孔100内，其与第一壳体10可以通过胶粘或者熔接的方式相连，或者通过双色注塑的方式成型在第一壳体10上。柔性件2部分暴露于外壳1外部，部分暴露于收容腔12内。在骨传导发声单元使用时，柔性件2与人脸部皮肤接触，以将振动传递出去，由于柔性件2较外壳1更为柔软，因此其触感更为舒适。柔性件2的材质例如是硅胶、TPE、或者橡胶材质等。
振动发声模块3用于产生振动，其设于收容腔12内。振动发声模块3一端与柔性件2相连，另一端与第二板体1b弹性连接。由于振动发声模块3上下两端与外壳1之间为非固定连接，两者之间均有一定的弹性，因此，能够起到很好的缓震作用，振动发声模块3振动时不会完全带动外壳1振动，传递至外壳1的振动量更小，能够有效减小整体振感和漏音。另外，振动可以通过柔性件2直接传递至人脸部，仅有较少能量传递到外壳1中，振动能量更为集中，有利于提高振动发声模块3的振动发声音量，从而提高人所听到的通过振动传递的声压级(灵敏度)。
在一种实施方式中，柔性件2的材质为硅胶，硅胶具有良好的触感，有利于提高佩戴的舒适度。进一步地，硅胶为硬质硅胶，其硬度为10～80SHA，优选地，硬度为40～70SHA，进一步优选的，硅胶的硬度为60SHA。参考图16至图18，图16为骨传导发声单元在柔性件2采用不同硬度的硅胶时的频率响应曲线的仿真图，图17是骨传导发声单元在柔性件2采用不同硬度的硅胶时仿真获得的整体的振幅图，图18是图17中I部的放大图。当硅胶硬度过小时，虽然中频段(800Hz～1500Hz)的灵敏度尚可，但是由于振幅过大，导致人佩戴体验变得很差，和骨传导发声单元接触的人体部位会感受到明显的麻木感，舒适 性差；当硅胶硬度太大时，虽然振幅变得更小，人体佩戴感舒适，但是频响曲线在中频段衰减甚至发生曲线的畸变，此时人所听到的声音音质变得很差，影响最终的用户体验。通过将硅胶硬度限定在40～70SHA之间，频响曲线在中频段不发生畸变，音质容易保证，且骨传导发声单元振幅较小。进一步地，当硅胶硬度为60SHA时，能很好的平衡频响曲线和骨传导发声单元的振幅，获得较佳的音质和使用体验。
当柔性件2为其他材质时，同样优选其硬度位于前述优选的硬度范围内，通过合理限定柔性件2的硬度，能够使柔性件2在触感和缓震作用之间取得良好的平衡。
在一种实施方式中，振动发声模块3部分嵌入于柔性件2内，使得柔性件2与振动发声模块3直接接触的同时，还能够限定振动发声模块3与柔性件2的相对位置。作为一种可行的结构，参考图6至图8，柔性件2开设有容纳槽200，容纳槽200的形状与振动发声模块3端部形状适配，振动发声模块3的上端安装于容纳槽200内。优选的，容纳槽200与振动发声模块3的上端紧配。由于振动发声模块3和第一板体1a之间由柔性件2隔开，因此柔性件2能够起到更为充分和全面的缓震作用。作为进一步地改进，柔性件2包括延伸至收容腔12内的本体部20，容纳槽200设于本体部20朝向收容腔12的端面201上。进一步优选的，振动发声模块3上端低于第一板体1a内表面104的高度或者与内表面104平齐，这样，在振动从本体部20横向(图中的X轴)传递的过程中，不会直接传递至第一板体1a，振动阻隔效果更好。
如图4和图5所示，外壳1的上端面14开设有第一安装槽101，在第一安装槽101的槽底面1010上开设有第二安装槽102，第二安装槽102延伸至第一板体1a的内表面104下方，其与收容腔12相通，进而形成上述的安装孔100。柔性件2包括自本体部20两侧凸出的两个凸部21，本体部20和凸部21分别位于第一安装槽101和第二安装槽102内。这样，可以使得柔性件2与第一壳体10的接触面积更大，当其与第一壳体10通过双色注塑、熔接或者胶粘等方式完成连接后，其与第一壳体10的连接更为牢固，不易脱落。优选的，第一安装槽101和第二安装槽102贯穿外壳1的前端面15和后端面16，参考图8，在振动从本体部20纵向(图中的Y轴)传递的过程中，不会直接传递至第一板体1a，进一步阻碍了 振动向外壳1的传递。
在一种优选的实施方式中，柔性件2用于与皮肤接触的表面23与外壳1的上端面14平齐。在另一种优选的实施方式中，参考图6，柔性件2用于与皮肤接触的表面23为外凸的弧面，该表面23凸出于外壳1的上端面14，一方面可以增加柔性件2的厚度，另一方面可以使柔性件2与皮肤接触的区域更为集中。
作为一种优选的实施方式，参考图9和图10，骨传导发声单元还包括第一弹片4，振动发声模块3通过第一弹片4实现和外壳1之间的弹性连接。第一弹片4包括支架40和与支架40相连的第一振动臂41，支架40和第一振动臂41是一体成型的。支架40与振动发声模块3底部固定连接，第一振动臂41自支架40向外延伸，其端部与外壳1相连。在振动发声模块3振动时，支架40由于与振动发声模块3相固定，因此，其随着振动发声模块3同步运动，而第一振动臂41则随着振动发声模块3的整体振动而发生弹性变形，减少振动发声模块3的整体振动向着外壳1的直接传递，从而减轻了外壳1整体的振感。第一弹片4的材质例如可以是不锈钢。
参考图10，第一弹片4包括四个第一振动臂41，在支架40两侧各对称设置有两个第一振动臂41，以使得第一弹片4振动时更为平稳。在其他实施方式中，支架40两侧可以对称设置一个或者多个的第一振动臂41。
作为一种优选的实施方式，参考图5、图6和图11，第二板体1b设有至少两个间隔设置的支撑座13，支撑座13位于收容腔12内，并向着振动发声模块3所在侧凸出。第一振动臂41的端部与支撑座13固定连接。在其他实施方式中，支撑座13也可以设置在其他的位置，例如在第一壳体10的两个第一侧板1c上各设置两个间隔设置的支撑座13，四个第一振动臂41的端部分别连接在四个支撑座13上。
振动发声模块3通常包括定子和动子，动子通过其与定子之间电磁力的相互作用发生振动。作为一种优选的实施方式，参考图12，振动发声模块3包括外框30、设于外框30内的定子、与外框30相连的第二弹片32以及与第二弹片32相连的动子。外框30上端与柔性件2相连，下端开口。定子包括线圈310以及设于线圈310内的第一磁体311，线圈310和第一磁体311均固定连接在外框30的顶板300上。动子包括与第一磁体311相对设置的第二磁体330，两个磁体的 磁极均沿着动子的振动轴线排列，且两个磁体同极相对设置，从而在两者之间形成斥力。外框30采用导磁材料制成，第二磁体330与外框30之间的吸引力与第一磁体311和第二磁体330之间的斥力的大小相等，方向相反，从而使得第二磁体330处于静力平衡状态，对磁场的变化更为灵敏。
如图13所示，第二弹片32包括与外框30相连的环状的外架体320，设于外架体320内的中心体321以及连接于外架体320和中心体321之间的第二振动臂322，动子连接于中心体321上，线圈310通电后产生变化的磁场，使得动子受到变化的作用力，在磁场的驱动下振动，在振动的过程中，第二振动臂322发生弹性形变，能够提供复位力，动子的振动轴线3a即为振动发声模块3的振动轴线，其穿过柔性件2，优选的，振动轴线与外壳1的上端面14的法线之间或者与柔性件2用于与皮肤接触的表面23的法线之间的夹角范围为0～30°(上端面14和表面23可能是平面也可能是弧面，当为平面时，振动轴线与平面的法线的夹角为0～30°之间的定值，当为弧面时，振动轴线与弧面上各点的法线之间的夹角均处于0～30°之间)。参考图14和图15，第一弹片4的支架40连接在外架体320底部，两者之间例如可以通过胶粘或者焊接等方式相连。由于第一弹片4的中心体321和第二振动臂322在振动过程中的会上下移动，并凸出至外框30下端，因此，支架40设有避让所述中心体321和第二振动臂322振动的避让孔400。
上述的第一弹片4和第二弹片32可以是一体式的，在一体式的情况下，还能够进一步缩小第一弹片4和第二弹片32的整体厚度，参考图10，第一弹片4的支架40呈环形，第一弹片4还包括设于支架40内的中心体321以及连接于支架40和中心体321之间的第二振动臂322，动子连接在中心体321上。如此，支架40和上文所述的外架体320被整合成为一个零件，整体结构更为紧凑。
为了防止振动发声模块3因振动位移过大或者人为按压柔性件而发生振动发声模块损坏，如图6和图11所示，在振动发声模块3下方还设置有限位凸台110，优选的，限位凸台110设置在第二板体1b上，其向着振动发声模块3凸起，并位于两个支撑座13之间。限位凸台110与第一弹片4之间具有振动空间5，以允许振动发声模块3在一定的区域内振动和移动。由于振动发声模块3距限位凸台110之间的距离大于其与第二板体1b之间的距离，因此，限位凸台110能够 限制振动发声模块3的最大位移，防止振动发声模块3在跌落、撞击等情形下因为位移过大而损坏。进一步地，还可以在限位凸台110上表面和/或中心体321下表面贴设柔性垫，以起到缓冲的作用。
本发明还提出了一种可穿戴设备，该可穿戴设备例如是骨传导耳机、骨传导眼镜等，其设有上文所述的骨传导发声单元。
当可穿戴设备为骨传导眼镜时，优选的，外壳1和振动发声模块3呈长条状，外壳1能够作为骨传导眼镜的镜腿，更便于骨传导发声单元结合至骨传导眼镜上，作为镜架的一部分。当骨传导眼镜佩戴于头部后，柔性件2夹持于人头部两侧，与脸部皮肤贴合，从而高效的振动传声，同时，人脸所感知的外壳1的振动量小，眼镜整体的振感弱，人佩戴更为舒适。
上述仅为本发明的具体实施方式，其它基于本发明构思的前提下做出的任何改进都视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种骨传导发声单元，其特征在于，包括：
    外壳(1)，包括收容腔(12)，所述外壳(1)的上端面(14)开设有与所述收容腔(12)相通的安装孔(100)；
    柔性件(2)，连接于所述外壳(1)的安装孔(100)内；以及，
    振动发声模块(3)，设于所述收容腔(12)内，所述振动发声模块(3)一端与所述柔性件(2)相连，另一端与所述外壳(1)弹性连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的骨传导发声单元，其特征在于，所述柔性件(2)的材质为硅胶、橡胶或者TPE，所述柔性件(2)的硬度为10～80SHA。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的骨传导发声单元，其特征在于，所述硅胶的硬度为40～70SHA。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的骨传导发声单元，其特征在于，所述柔性件(2)设有容纳槽(200)，所述振动发声模块(3)端部配接于所述容纳槽(200)内。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的骨传导发声单元，其特征在于，所述柔性件(2)包括延伸至所述收容腔(12)内的本体部(20)，所述容纳槽(200)设于所述本体部(20)朝向所述收容腔(12)的端面(201)上。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的骨传导发声单元，其特征在于，所述柔性件(2)包括自所述本体部(20)侧面凸出的凸部(21)，所述外壳(1)的上端面(14)开设有第一安装槽(101)以及开设于所述第一安装槽(101)的槽底面(1010)上的第二安装槽(102)，所述第一安装槽(101)和所述第二安装槽(102)均贯穿所述外壳(1)的前端面(15)和后端面(16)，所述本体部(20)设于所述第一安装槽(101)内，所述凸部(21)设于所述第二安装槽(102)内。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的骨传导发声单元，其特征在于，所述柔性件(2)与所述外壳(1)的上端面(14)平齐，或者，所述柔性件(2)凸出于所述外壳(1)的上端面(14)。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的骨传导发声单元，其特征在于，所述振动发声模块 (3)的振动轴线与所述外壳(1)的上端面(14)的法线之间或者与所述柔性件(2)用于与人体皮肤接触的表面(23)的法线之间的夹角范围为0～30°。
  9. 如权利要求1至8任一项所述的骨传导发声单元，其特征在于，其还包括第一弹片(4)，所述第一弹片(4)包括与所述振动发声模块(3)相连的支架(40)以及连接于所述支架(40)和所述外壳(1)之间的第一振动臂(41)。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的骨传导发声单元，其特征在于，所述外壳(1)设有至少两个间隔设置的支撑座(13)，所述第一振动臂(41)与所述支撑座(13)相连。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的骨传导发声单元，其特征在于，所述外壳(1)包括相对设置的第一板体(1a)和第二板体(1b)，所述收容腔(12)位于所述第一板体(1a)和所述第二板体(1b)之间，所述柔性件(2)连接于所述第一板体(1a)上，所述支撑座(13)设于所述第二板体(1b)上。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的骨传导发声单元，其特征在于，所述第二板体(1b)还设有向着所述振动发声模块(3)凸出的限位凸台(110)，所述限位凸台(110)和所述振动发声模块(3)之间具有振动空间(5)。
  13. 如权利要求9所述的骨传导发声单元，其特征在于，所述振动发声模块(3)包括一端开口的外框(30)、设于所述外框(30)内的定子、连接于所述外框(30)的开口端的第二弹片(32)以及与所述第二弹片(32)相连的动子，所述第二弹片(32)包括与所述外框(30)相连的外架体(320)、设于所述外架体(320)内的中心体(321)以及连接于所述外架体(320)和所述中心体(321)之间的第二振动臂(322)，所述动子与所述中心体(321)相连，所述支架(40)设有避让所述中心体(321)和所述第二振动臂(322)振动的避让孔(400)。
  14. 如权利要求9所述的骨传导发声单元，其特征在于，所述振动发声模块(3)包括一端开口的外框(30)以及设于所述外框(30)内的定子和动子，所述支架(40)连接于所述外框(30)的开口端，所述支架(40)呈环形，所述第一弹片(4)包括设于所述支架(40)内的中心体(321)以及连接于所述支架(40)和所述中心体(321)之间的第二振动臂(322)，所述动子与所述中心体(321)相连。
  15. 一种可穿戴设备，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至14任一项所述的骨传导发声单元。
PCT/CN2023/090900 2022-04-29 2023-04-26 一种骨传导发声单元及可穿戴设备 WO2023208050A1 (zh)

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