WO2023206807A1 - 分断器件 - Google Patents

分断器件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023206807A1
WO2023206807A1 PCT/CN2022/103412 CN2022103412W WO2023206807A1 WO 2023206807 A1 WO2023206807 A1 WO 2023206807A1 CN 2022103412 W CN2022103412 W CN 2022103412W WO 2023206807 A1 WO2023206807 A1 WO 2023206807A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
contact
arc extinguishing
arc
movable
breaking device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/103412
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘磊
钟建艺
张金泉
张协利
Original Assignee
厦门宏发开关设备有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 厦门宏发开关设备有限公司 filed Critical 厦门宏发开关设备有限公司
Priority to DE112022001379.6T priority Critical patent/DE112022001379T5/de
Publication of WO2023206807A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023206807A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/22—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact
    • H01H1/221—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact and a contact pressure spring acting between the pivoted member and a supporting member
    • H01H1/226—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact and a contact pressure spring acting between the pivoted member and a supporting member having a plurality of parallel contact bars
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/08—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/346—Details concerning the arc formation chamber

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the technical field of electronic devices, and specifically, to a breaking device.
  • a circuit breaker is a switching device that can carry and break current under normal circuit conditions and can also carry and break current under abnormal circuit conditions within a specified time.
  • the rated working voltage of DC circuit breakers is getting higher and higher, currently reaching 1500V.
  • the market has put forward higher requirements for the reliable breaking performance of circuit breakers, and the difficulty of short-circuit breaking will increase significantly.
  • the short-circuit current of a DC circuit breaker is smaller than that of an AC circuit breaker, so the Loren magnetic force generated is small. It is difficult to quickly introduce the arc into the arc extinguishing chamber for arc extinguishing by relying on a traditional single air blow or magnetic blow. In addition, since DC current has no natural zero-crossing point, it is difficult for DC molded case circuit breaker to break DC short-circuit current, especially high-voltage DC short-circuit current.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a breaking device capable of improving breaking reliability.
  • the breaking device in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a contact unit and an arc extinguishing unit.
  • the contact unit includes a plurality of movable contacts and a stationary contact.
  • the plurality of movable contacts are arranged side by side along a first direction, and each of the movable contacts is arranged side by side along a first direction.
  • the contact can be driven to contact or separate from the static contact to realize the switching on and off of the breaking device;
  • the arc extinguishing unit includes an arc extinguishing component and at least one first partition, and the arc extinguishing component is connected to the
  • the contact units are arranged at intervals, and a total arc extinguishing space is formed between the arc extinguishing assembly and the contact unit.
  • Each of the first partitions is connected to the arc extinguishing assembly and extends toward the contact unit. Extend and divide the total arc extinguishing space into at least two sub-arc extinguishing
  • the contact unit further includes a contact support, and a plurality of the movable contacts are connected to the contact support;
  • the contact support is swingable in a swing direction relative to the arc extinguishing unit and the static contact to drive each of the movable contacts to swing relative to the static contact, and the swing direction is consistent with the swing direction.
  • the first direction is vertical;
  • Each of the first partitions is disposed between the contact support and the arc extinguishing assembly
  • each first partition facing the contact support is adapted to the shape of the outer wall surface of the contact support.
  • a side surface of the first partition facing the contact support is a first arc-shaped surface; the contact support has a first arc-shaped surface that is adapted to the curvature of the first arc-shaped surface. Two curved surfaces.
  • the first partition includes:
  • a connecting portion connected to the arc extinguishing component
  • a partition connected to the side of the connection part away from the arc extinguishing component, the partition being used to form a plurality of movable contacts and the stationary contacts when the breaking device is in an off state.
  • the plurality of breaking arcs are isolated, and the plurality of breaking arcs are respectively arranged in at least two of the sub-arc extinguishing spaces.
  • the size of the separation part is larger than the size of the connection part.
  • each of the movable contacts has a movable contact
  • the stationary contact has a stationary contact
  • each of the movable contacts is used to contact or separate from the stationary contact respectively;
  • the breaking device When the breaking device is switching between the on state and the off state, the orthographic projection of the movable contact to the first separator along the first direction falls on the side of the first separator. Inside.
  • the first partitions are plate-shaped, each of the first partitions extends along a second direction, and is parallel to and spaced apart from each other along the first direction.
  • the second direction perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the arc extinguishing unit further includes two second partitions, and the two second partitions are respectively connected to two opposite sides of the arc extinguishing assembly along the first direction. sides, and all extend toward the contact unit;
  • the arc extinguishing assembly, the contact unit and the two second partitions form the total arc extinguishing space.
  • each of the second partitions is parallel to each of the first partitions.
  • the arc extinguishing assembly includes a plurality of arc extinguishing grids, each of the arc extinguishing grids extends along the first direction, and the plurality of arc extinguishing grids extend along a second direction. Arranged side by side, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; the first partition is perpendicular to the arc extinguishing grid.
  • each of the movable contacts contacts or separates from the stationary contacts along respective movement trajectories
  • the motion trajectory of the movable contact corresponding to the sub-arc-extinguishing space in the middle position is compared with that of the remaining movable contacts. Movement trajectory is short.
  • each of the movable contacts includes a contact portion and a movable contact point, and the movable contact point is connected to the contact portion for contacting or separating from the stationary contact;
  • Each contact part of each movable contact is aligned in the first direction; in the direction of the movement trajectory, all the movable contacts corresponding to the sub-arc extinguishing space in the intermediate position
  • the height of the movable contact is greater than the height of the movable contact of the remaining movable contacts.
  • the arc extinguishing unit includes at least one first partition.
  • Each first partition is connected to the arc extinguishing component and extends toward the contact unit to extinguish the total gap between the arc extinguishing component and the contact unit.
  • the arc space is divided into at least two sub-arc extinguishing spaces in the first direction, which can effectively compress the diameter of the breaking arc and arc root, and directionally limit the breaking arc, high-temperature gas and high-ionization medium between the arc-extinguishing component and the contact unit
  • the movement forces the breaking arc to accelerate and move into the arc extinguishing component, thereby improving the reliability of breaking.
  • each sub-arc extinguishing space is smaller than the total arc extinguishing space, the diameter of the breaking arc is compressed in a small space, thereby increasing the arc voltage and further improving the breaking reliability.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a contact unit and an arc extinguishing unit of a DC frame circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figures 2 and 3 respectively show structural schematic diagrams from two perspectives of the contact unit and the arc extinguishing unit of a one-pole circuit of the DC frame circuit breaker according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 shows a side view of a DC frame circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, showing a first partition and a movable contact.
  • Figure 5 shows a side view of the DC frame circuit breaker of an embodiment of the present disclosure, showing a second partition.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of an arc extinguishing unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 shows an exploded schematic diagram of the arc extinguishing unit according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a contact unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 shows a partial enlarged view of position A in FIG. 8 .
  • FIG. 10 shows a side view of the arc extinguishing unit according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments. To those skilled in the art.
  • the same reference numerals in the drawings indicate the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed descriptions will be omitted.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of the contact unit 100 and the arc extinguishing unit 200 of the DC frame circuit breaker according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the breaking device in the embodiment of the present disclosure may be a circuit breaker.
  • the circuit breaker may be a DC frame circuit breaker or an AC circuit breaker.
  • the breaking device can also be other electronic devices with breaking functions, such as fuses, etc.
  • DC frame circuit breaker shown in Figure 1 includes a two-pole loop part, and the structure of each pole loop part is basically the same. In order to simplify the diagram, the following description will take the circuit breaker as showing only one pole circuit part as an example, but it should not be limited to this.
  • Each pole circuit portion of the breaking device includes a contact unit 100 and an arc extinguishing unit 200 .
  • the contact unit 100 includes a plurality of movable contacts 110 and a stationary contact 120.
  • the plurality of movable contacts 110 are arranged side by side along a first direction D1.
  • Each movable contact 110 can be driven to contact or separate from the stationary contacts 120. Realize the switching on and off of the breaking device.
  • the movable contact 110 has a movement trajectory relative to the stationary contact 120 , along which the movable contact 110 can be closed or separated from the stationary contact 120 . When the movable contact 110 and the stationary contact 120 are separated, a breaking arc 300 is generated between the movable contact 110 and the stationary contact 120 .
  • the arc extinguishing unit 200 is used to extinguish the breaking arc 300 generated between the stationary contact 120 and the movable contact 110 .
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 schematically illustrate the breaking arc 300 generated between the movable contact 110 and the stationary contact 120 .
  • the breaking device in the embodiment of the present disclosure also includes an arc extinguishing magnet (not shown in the figure).
  • an arc extinguishing magnet Through the arc extinguishing magnet, the breaking arc 300 generated between the static contact 121 and the moving contact 112 can be subjected to a magnetic field. influence, so that the breaking arc 300 is stretched after entering the arc extinguishing unit 200, thereby achieving the arc extinguishing effect.
  • the number of arc extinguishing magnets is not limited, and the arc extinguishing magnets may be connected to both sides of the arc extinguishing unit 200 , or may be disposed on a side of the arc extinguishing unit 200 away from the contact unit 100 .
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 respectively show the structural schematic diagrams of the contact unit 100 and the arc extinguishing unit 200 of the one-pole circuit of the DC frame circuit breaker according to the embodiment of the present disclosure from two perspectives.
  • the arc extinguishing unit 200 includes an arc extinguishing component 210 and at least one first partition 220.
  • the arc extinguishing component 210 is spaced apart from the contact unit 100, and a total arc extinguishing space S1 is formed between the arc extinguishing component 210 and the contact unit 100.
  • each first partition 220 is connected to the arc extinguishing assembly 210 and extends toward the contact unit 100, and divides the total arc extinguishing space S1 into at least two sub-arc extinguishing spaces S11 in the first direction D1.
  • the breaking device when the movable contact 110 and the stationary contact 120 are in contact, the breaking device is in a connected state. When the movable contact 110 and the stationary contact 120 are separated, the breaking device is in the off state. After the movable contact 110 and the stationary contact 120 are separated, a breaking arc 300 is easily generated between them.
  • the contact pressure acting between the stationary contacts 120 and the movable contacts 110 will decrease, the contact area will also shrink, and the contact resistance and the heat released by the movable contacts 110 and the stationary contacts 120 will increase. .
  • the contact metal of the movable contact 110 and the stationary contact 120 is heated to a high temperature and melted, thereby forming a liquid metal bridge between the movable contact 110 and the stationary contact 120. Finally, The metal bridge is pulled apart, forming a transitional or stable breaking arc 300 between the stationary contact 120 and the moving contact 110 .
  • the arc extinguishing unit 200 includes at least one first partition 220.
  • Each first partition 220 is connected to the arc extinguishing assembly 210 and extends toward the contact unit 100, connecting the arc extinguishing assembly 210 and the contact unit 100.
  • the total arc extinguishing space S1 between 100 is divided into at least two sub-arc extinguishing spaces S11 in the first direction D1, which can effectively compress the diameter of the breaking arc 300 and the arc root, and the orientation limits the breaking arc 300 and the arc extinguishing assembly 210 and
  • the movement of high-temperature gas and highly ionized medium between the contact units 100 forces the breaking arc 300 to accelerate and move into the arc extinguishing assembly 210, thereby improving the reliability of breaking.
  • each sub-arc extinguishing space S11 is smaller than the total arc extinguishing space S1, the diameter of the breaking arc 300 is compressed in the narrow space, thereby increasing the arc voltage and further improving the breaking reliability.
  • the number of sub-arc extinguishing spaces S11 may be two, three, or four or more, and correspondingly, the number of first partitions 220 may be one, two, or three or more.
  • the number of first partitions 220 is two, and the two first partitions 220 are spaced apart in the first direction D1 to divide the total arc extinguishing space.
  • S1 is divided into three sub-arc extinguishing spaces S11.
  • the number of sub-arc extinguishing spaces S11 is three, and the number of first partitions 220 is two.
  • the number of movable contacts 110 corresponding to each sub-arc extinguishing space S11 may be one, two, three or other numbers.
  • the contact unit 100 includes nine movable contacts 110.
  • the nine movable contacts 110 are spaced apart in the first direction D1, and the nine movable contacts 110 are divided into three groups, each group including three movable contacts.
  • the three sets of movable contacts 110 respectively correspond to three sub-arc extinguishing spaces S11.
  • a set of movable contacts 110 in the middle position is taken as an example.
  • each movable contact 112 of the set of movable contacts 110 reciprocates in the sub-arc extinguishing space S11 in the intermediate position.
  • each movable contact point 112 of the movable contact 110 at the middle position can be separated from the movable contact points 112 of each movable contact 110 at both sides.
  • the contact unit 100 further includes a contact support 130 , and a plurality of movable contacts 110 are connected to the contact support 130 .
  • the contact support 130 can swing relative to the arc extinguishing unit 200 and the stationary contact 120 along a swing direction D3 to drive each movable contact 110 to swing relative to the stationary contact 120.
  • the swing direction D3 is perpendicular to the first direction D1.
  • Each first partition 220 is disposed between the contact support 130 and the arc extinguishing assembly 210 .
  • a plurality of movable contacts 110 are connected to the contact support 130.
  • each movable contact 110 also swings with the contact support 130 to interact with the static contact.
  • Head 120 contacts or separates.
  • the movement mode of the movable contact 110 may also be to move along a straight line to contact or separate from the stationary contact 120 .
  • each first partition 220 facing the contact support 130 is adapted to the shape of the outer wall surface of the contact support 130 . In this way, when the contact support 130 drives the movable contact 110 to swing, there will be no motion interference between the contact support 130 and the first partition 220 .
  • a side surface of the first partition 220 facing the contact support 130 is a first arc surface 223
  • the contact support 130 has a second arc surface 131 that is adapted to the curvature of the first arc surface 223 .
  • the curvatures of the first arc-shaped surface 223 and the second arc-shaped surface 131 match each other, so that during the swing process of the contact support 130, the first arc-shaped surface 223 of the first partition 220 matches the second arc of the contact support 130.
  • the gap between the shaped surfaces 131 can also be kept as small as possible, thereby ensuring the independence of each sub-arc extinguishing space S11.
  • FIG. 4 shows a side view of a DC frame circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which a first partition 220 and a movable contact 110 are shown.
  • the first partition 220 of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a connection part 221 and a partition part 222.
  • the connecting part 221 is connected to the arc extinguishing component 210
  • the partitioning part 222 is connected to a side of the connecting part 221 away from the arc extinguishing component 210.
  • the partitioning part 222 is used to connect the plurality of movable contacts 110 to the static contacts when the breaking device is in the off state.
  • the multiple breaking arcs 300 formed by the head 120 are isolated, and the multiple breaking arcs 300 are respectively arranged in at least two sub-arc extinguishing spaces S11.
  • the total arc extinguishing space S1 is divided into three sub-arc extinguishing spaces S11 , and each sub-arc extinguishing space S11 corresponds to three movable contacts 110 .
  • the breaking device When the breaking device is in the off state, nine breaking arcs 300 are formed between the nine movable contacts 110 and the stationary contacts 120 respectively.
  • the nine breaking arcs 300 are evenly divided into three groups by the three partitions 222, and each group includes three breaking arcs 300.
  • the three groups of arc-breaking arcs 300 are respectively arranged in three sub-arc extinguishing spaces S11.
  • the number of movable contacts 110 corresponding to each sub-arc extinguishing space S11 may also be different.
  • the number of movable contacts 110 corresponding to the sub-arc extinguishing space S11 located in the middle position can be two, and the number of movable contacts 110 corresponding to the sub-arc extinguishing space S11 located on one side can be four.
  • the number of movable contacts 110 corresponding to the sub-arc extinguishing space S11 located on the other side may be three.
  • Each movable contact 110 includes a contact part 111 and a movable contact 112 .
  • the contact part 111 is connected to the contact support 130
  • the movable contact 112 is connected to the contact part 111 .
  • the static contact 120 has a static contact 121, and each movable contact 112 is used to contact or separate from the static contact 121 respectively.
  • the movable contact 112 and the contact portion 111 can be arranged separately or integrally.
  • the stationary contact 121 and the stationary contact 120 can also be arranged separately or integrally.
  • the movable contact 112 falls within the side surface of the first separator 220 along the first direction D1 to the orthogonal projection of the first separator 220 . Further, the orthographic projection of the movable contact 112 to the first partition 220 along the first direction D1 falls within the side surface of the partition 222 .
  • each movable contact 110 is in contact with the static one.
  • the breaking arc 300 generated between the contacts 120 can always be separated by the first partition 220 .
  • the first partitions 220 are plate-shaped. Each first partition 220 extends along a second direction D2 and is parallel to and spaced apart from each other along the first direction D1. D2 is perpendicular to the first direction D1.
  • FIG. 10 shows a side view of an arc extinguishing unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the size of the partition portion 222 of the first partition 220 is larger than the size of the connecting portion 221 of the first partition 220. Since the partition 222 is used to isolate multiple breaking arcs 300 , thickening the partition 222 can prevent the partition 222 from being burned by the arc.
  • the cross-sectional area of the part of the sub-arc extinguishing space S11 formed in this way close to the arc extinguishing assembly 210 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the part close to the contact support 130, thereby forming a "big upper and lower part"
  • the "small" sub-arc extinguishing space S11 plays a role in preventing arc cross-over.
  • the first partition 220 is in the shape of a flat plate, and the thickness of the partition 222 is greater than the thickness of the connecting part 221 .
  • FIG. 5 shows a side view of the DC frame circuit breaker according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, in which the second partition 230 is shown.
  • the arc extinguishing unit 200 of the embodiment of the present disclosure also includes two second partitions 230.
  • the two second partitions 230 are respectively connected to two opposite sides of the arc extinguishing component 210 along the first direction D1, and are both directed toward the contact.
  • Head unit 100 extends.
  • the arc extinguishing assembly 210, the contact unit 100 and the two second partitions 230 enclose a total arc extinguishing space S1.
  • the two second partitions 230 are respectively connected to two opposite sides of the arc extinguishing component 210 along the first direction D1 and extend toward the contact unit 100 , the two second partitions 230 break multiple arcs 300 Being isolated in the total arc extinguishing space S1 can prevent the breaking arc 300 from overflowing and burning other parts of the breaking device.
  • the gas production volume can also be increased, and the larger gas production volume can push the arc to move toward the arc extinguishing component 210, which is helpful for achieving separation.
  • each second partition 230 is plate-shaped and parallel to each first partition 220 .
  • one second partition 230 , two first partitions 220 and another second partition 230 are arranged in sequence along the first direction D1 .
  • the two first partitions 220 and the two second partitions 230 jointly divide the total arc extinguishing space S1 into three sub-arc extinguishing spaces S11.
  • the first separator 220 and the second separator 230 are made of gas-generating materials, and the arc 300 is broken by gas-generated compression, thereby increasing the arc voltage and thereby pushing the arc into the arc extinguishing assembly 210 .
  • gas-generating materials refer to materials that gasify at high temperatures.
  • the gas generating material can be any one or any combination of the following materials: nylon (PA66), polyoxymethylene or melamine.
  • Portions of contact support 130 may be made of gas generating material.
  • the contact support 130 may include a first portion 132 and a second portion 133 .
  • the first part 132 is connected to the movable contact 110
  • the second part 133 is connected to the first part 132 .
  • the breaking device when the breaking device is in the off state, the second part 133 faces the arc extinguishing assembly 210 .
  • the second part 133 is made of gas generating material.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of the arc extinguishing unit 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 shows an exploded schematic diagram of the arc extinguishing unit 200 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the arc extinguishing assembly 210 in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a plurality of arc extinguishing grids 211 , two arc extinguishing side plates 212 , two arc extinguishing pressure bars 213 and two arc extinguishing brackets 214 .
  • Each arc extinguishing grid piece 211 has a sheet-like structure and is approximately rectangular. Each arc-extinguishing grid piece 211 extends along the first direction D1, and the plurality of arc-extinguishing grid pieces 211 are arranged side by side along a second direction D2. The second direction D2 is perpendicular to the first direction D1. The two arc-extinguishing brackets 214 are arranged opposite each other and are respectively provided on two opposite end surfaces of the plurality of arc-extinguishing grid pieces 211 along the second direction D2.
  • the two arc-extinguishing side plates 212 are arranged opposite each other, and are respectively provided on two opposite sides of the plurality of arc-extinguishing grids 211 along the first direction D1, and the two arc-extinguishing side plates 212 are respectively connected with the two arc-extinguishing brackets 214. Connected to form an accommodating space, a plurality of arc extinguishing grids 211 are accommodated in the accommodating space.
  • the two arc extinguishing strips 213 both extend along the second direction D2 and are provided on two opposite sides of the top surfaces of the plurality of arc extinguishing grids 211 along the first direction D1 to connect the plurality of arc extinguishing grids 211 Limited to the above-mentioned accommodation space.
  • the arc-extinguishing side plate 212 and the arc-extinguishing bracket 214 may be snap-connected, but are not limited to this.
  • the first partition 220 is connected to the side of the plurality of arc extinguishing grids 211 facing the contact unit 100 .
  • the first partition 220 is perpendicular to the arc extinguishing grid 211 .
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a contact unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 shows a partial enlarged view of position A in FIG. 8 .
  • Each movable contact 110 contacts or separates from the stationary contact 120 along its own movement trajectory, so as to turn on or off the breaking device.
  • the movement trajectory of the movable contact 110 corresponding to the sub-arc extinguishing space S11 in the middle position is shorter than the movement trajectories of the other movable contacts 110.
  • nine movable contacts 110 and three sub-arc extinguishing spaces S11 shown in FIG. 2 are taken as an example. It can be understood that since the movement trajectories of the three movable contacts 110 in the middle position are shorter than the movement trajectories of the remaining six movable contacts 110 on the left and right sides, on the premise that the contact supports 130 swing at the same angle.
  • the three movable contacts 110 in the middle position will appear to be "closed first and then opened", that is, when the breaking device switches from the off state to the on state, the three movable contacts 110 in the middle position will take priority over When the remaining movable contacts 110 are in contact with the static contacts 120 and the breaking device switches from the on state to the off state, the three movable contacts 110 in the middle position will contact the static contacts later than the remaining movable contacts 110 Head 120 separated.
  • the breaking arc 300 is generated preferentially between the movable contact 110 and the stationary contact 120 in the middle position, which can protect the remaining movable contacts 110 and help reduce temperature rise.
  • the breaking arc 300 is generated between the remaining movable contacts 110 and the stationary contacts 120, and the generated gas pushes these breaking arcs 300 towards the arc extinguishing assembly 210, achieving Rapid arc extinguishing.
  • each movable contact 110 includes a contact part 111 and a movable contact 112.
  • the movable contact 112 is connected to the contact part 111 for contacting or separating from the stationary contact 120.
  • the contact part 111 is connected to the contact.
  • Each contact portion 111 of each movable contact 110 is aligned in the first direction D1.
  • the height of the movable contact point 112 of the movable contact 110 corresponding to the sub-arc extinguishing space S11 in the middle position is greater than the height of the movable contact points 112 of the remaining movable contacts 110 .
  • the nine contact portions 111 of the nine movable contacts 110 are aligned in the first direction D1, and the movable contact points 112' of the three movable contacts 110 in the middle position are The height h2 is greater than the height h1 of the movable contacts 112 of the remaining six movable contacts 110 .
  • the breaking device switches between the on state and the off state, the three movable contacts 112' in the middle position will contact the static contacts 120 in priority before the remaining movable contacts 112, realizing "first closing and then opening" .
  • multiple movable contacts 110 can also be designed in the first direction D1 For the wrong phase.
  • the nine movable contacts 110 shown in FIG. 2 as an example, the three movable contacts 110 in the middle position are closer to the stationary contacts 120 than the other movable contacts 110. In this way, the nine movable contacts When the heights of the nine movable contacts 112 of the head 110 are the same, the movable contact 110 in the middle position can also be "closed first and then opened".
  • the advantages and beneficial effects of the breaking device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure include at least:
  • the arc extinguishing unit 200 includes at least one first partition 220.
  • Each first partition 220 is connected to the arc extinguishing assembly 210 and extends toward the contact unit 100, connecting the arc extinguishing assembly 210 and the contact unit 100.
  • the total arc extinguishing space S1 between 100 is divided into at least two sub-arc extinguishing spaces S11 in the first direction D1, which can effectively compress the diameter of the breaking arc 300 and the arc root, and the orientation limits the breaking arc 300 and the arc extinguishing assembly 210 and
  • the movement of high-temperature gas and highly ionized medium between the contact units 100 forces the breaking arc 300 to accelerate and move into the arc extinguishing assembly 210, thereby improving the reliability of breaking.
  • each sub-arc extinguishing space S11 is smaller than the total arc extinguishing space S1, the diameter of the breaking arc 300 is compressed in the narrow space, thereby increasing the arc voltage and further improving the breaking reliability.
  • the breaking device of the embodiment of the present disclosure effectively solves the problems of long arcing time for DC high voltage and low current critical breaking and long arcing time for DC high voltage short-circuit current breaking, effectively reduces arcing energy, and can effectively solve the problem of high DC voltage and arcing time.
  • connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; “connection” can be Either directly or indirectly through an intermediary.
  • connection can be Either directly or indirectly through an intermediary.
  • the terms “one embodiment,” “some embodiments,” “specific embodiments,” etc. mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in the disclosure. In at least one embodiment or example of an embodiment. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Abstract

本公开提供一种分断器件，包括触头单元及灭弧单元，触头单元包括多个动触头和静触头，多个动触头沿一第一方向并排设置，各动触头能够被驱动以与静触头接触或分离，实现分断器件的接通和关断；灭弧单元包括灭弧组件和至少一个第一分隔件，灭弧组件与触头单元间隔设置，且在灭弧组件和触头单元之间形成一总灭弧空间，各第一分隔件连接于灭弧组件且向触头单元延伸，并将总灭弧空间在第一方向上分隔成至少两个子灭弧空间。【图3】

Description

分断器件
交叉引用
本公开要求于2022年4月29日提交的申请号为202210475578.7的中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容通过引用全部并入本文。
技术领域
本公开实施例涉及电子器件技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种分断器件。
背景技术
断路器是能够承载和开断正常回路条件下的电流，也能在规定的时间内承载和开断异常回路条件下电流的开关装置。随着新能源技术的发展，直流断路器额定工作电压越来越高，目前已达到1500V。随着工作电压的提高，市场对断路器的可靠分断性能提出了更高的要求，短路分断的难度将大幅增加。
在现有技术中，已经出现通过加大开距来拉长电弧、通过灼烧产气材料来推动和冷却电弧、通过增强磁场来推动电弧等技术手段，但在直流高电压下，这些方法将不能可靠的分断电路。
直流断路器的短路电流较交流断路器小，所以产生的洛伦磁力小，依靠传统的单一气吹或者磁吹很难迅速的把电弧引入灭弧室进行灭弧。另外由于直流电流无自然过零点，直流塑壳断路器在分断直流短路电流时较难，尤其是高电压直流短路电流。
公开内容
本公开实施例提供一种能够改善分断可靠性的分断器件。
本公开实施例的分断器件，包括触头单元及灭弧单元，触头单元包括多个动触头和静触头，多个所述动触头沿一第一方向并排设置，各所述动触头能够被驱动以与所述静触头接触或分离，实现所述分断器件的接通和关断；灭弧单元包括灭弧组件和至少一个第一分隔件，所述灭弧组件与所述触头单元间隔设置，且在所述灭弧组件和所述触头单元之间形成一总灭弧空间，各所述第一分隔件连接于所述灭弧组件且向所述触头单元延伸，并将所述总灭弧空间在所述第一方向上分隔成至少两个子灭弧空间。
根据本公开的一些实施方式，所述触头单元还包括触头支持，多个所述动触头连接于所述触头支持；
所述触头支持相对于所述灭弧单元以及所述静触头沿一摆动方向可摆动，以带动各所述动触头相对于所述静触头可摆动运动，所述摆动方向与所述第一方向垂直；
各所述第一分隔件设置在所述触头支持和所述灭弧组件之间；
各所述第一分隔件朝向所述触头支持的一侧表面的形状与所述触头支持的外壁面形状相适配。
根据本公开的一些实施方式，所述第一分隔件朝向所述触头支持的一侧表面为第一弧形表面；所述触头支持具有与第一弧形表面的弧度相适配的第二弧形表面。
根据本公开的一些实施方式，所述第一分隔件包括：
连接部，连接于所述灭弧组件；以及
分隔部，连接于所述连接部背离所述灭弧组件的一侧，所述分隔部用于在所述分断器件处于关断状态下将多个所述动触头与所述静触头形成的多条分断电弧隔离，并使多条所述分断电弧分别布置在至少两个所述子灭弧空间内。
根据本公开的一些实施方式，沿所述第一方向，所述分隔部的尺寸大于所述连接部的尺寸。
根据本公开的一些实施方式，各所述动触头具有动触点，所述静触头具有静触点，各所述动触点用于分别与所述静触点接触或分离；
所述分断器件在接通状态和关断状态之间切换的过程中，所述动触点沿所述第一方向向所述第一分隔件的正投影落在所述第一分隔件的侧面内。
根据本公开的一些实施方式，所述第一分隔件为板状，各所述第一分隔件沿一第二方向延伸，并沿所述第一方向相互平行且间隔设置，所述第二方向与所述第一方向垂直。
根据本公开的一些实施方式，所述灭弧单元还包括两个第二分隔件，两个所述第二分隔件分别连接于所述灭弧组件沿所述第一方向的两个相对的侧边，且均向所述触头单元延伸；
所述灭弧组件、所述触头单元和两个所述第二分隔件合围成所述总灭弧空间。
根据本公开的一些实施方式，各所述第二分隔件与各所述第一分隔件平行。
根据本公开的一些实施方式，所述灭弧组件包括多个灭弧栅片，各所述灭弧栅片沿所述第一方向延伸，且多个所述灭弧栅片沿一第二方向并排设置，所述第二方向与所述第一方向垂直；所述第一分隔件与所述灭弧栅片垂直。
根据本公开的一些实施方式，各所述动触头分别沿着各自的运动轨迹与所述静触头接触或分离；
当所述子灭弧空间为奇数时，沿着所述第一方向，处于中间位置的所述子灭弧空间对应的所述动触头的运动轨迹相较于其余的所述动触头的运动轨迹短。
根据本公开的一些实施方式，各所述动触头包括触头部和动触点，所述动触点连接于所述触头部，用于与所述静触头接触或分离；
各所述动触头的各所述触头部在所述第一方向上对齐；在所述运动轨迹的方向上，处于中间位置的所述子灭弧空间对应的所述动触头的所述动触点的高度大于其余的所述动触头的所述动触点的高度。
上述公开中的一个实施例至少具有如下优点或有益效果：
本公开实施例的分断器件，灭弧单元包括至少一个第一分隔件，各第一分隔件连接于灭弧组件且向触头单元延伸，以将灭弧组件和触头单元之间的总灭弧空间在第一方向上分隔成至少两个子灭弧空间，这样能够有效压缩分断电弧及弧根的直径，定向限制了分断电弧以及灭弧组件和触头单元之间的高温气体、高电离介质的移动，迫使分断电弧加速向灭弧组件内移动，提高了分断的可靠性。此外，由于各个子灭弧空间相对于总灭弧空间较小，这样在狭小的空间里，分断电弧的直径被压缩，从而使电弧电压增加，也进一步提高了分断的可靠性。
附图说明
图1示出的是本公开实施例的直流框架断路器的触头单元和灭弧单元的结构示意图。
图2和图3分别示出的是本公开实施例的直流框架断路器的一极回路的触头单元和灭弧单元的两个视角下的结构示意图。
图4示出的是本公开实施例的直流框架断路器的侧视图，其中示出了第一分隔件和动触头。
图5示出的是本公开实施例的直流框架断路器的侧视图，其中示出了第二分隔件。
图6示出的是本公开实施例的灭弧单元的结构示意图。
图7示出的是本公开实施例的灭弧单元的分解示意图。
图8示出的是本公开实施例的触点单元的示意图。
图9示出的是图8中A处的局部放大图。
图10示出的是本公开实施例的灭弧单元的侧视图。
其中，附图标记说明如下：
100、触头单元
110、动触头
111、触头部
112、动触点
112’、动触点
120、静触头
121、静触点
130、触头支持
131、第二弧形表面
132、第一部分
133、第二部分
200、灭弧单元
210、灭弧组件
211、灭弧栅片
212、灭弧侧板
213、灭弧压条
214、灭弧支架
220、第一分隔件
221、连接部
222、分隔部
223、第一弧形表面
230、第二分隔件
300、分断电弧
D1、第一方向
D2、第二方向
D3、摆动方向
S1、总灭弧空间
S11、子灭弧空间
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图更全面地描述示例实施方式。然而，示例实施方式能够以多种形式实施，且不应被理解为限于在此阐述的实施方式；相反，提供这些实施方式使得本公开将全面和完整，并将示例实施方式的构思全面地传达给本领域的技术人员。图中相同的附图标记表示相同或类似的结构，因而将省略它们的详细描述。
如图1所示，图1示出的是本公开实施例的直流框架断路器的触头单元100和灭弧单元200的结构示意图。本公开实施例的分断器件可以为一断路器，具体来说，断路器可以为直流框架断路器，也可以为交流断路器。
当然，可以理解的是，分断器件还可以为其他具有分断功能的电子器件，例如熔断器等。
需要说明的是，图1中示出的直流框架断路器包括两极回路部分，各极回路部分的结构基本相同。为了简化视图，下述将以断路器仅示出一极回路部分为例进行说明，但不应以此为限。
分断器件的每一极回路部分均包括触头单元100和灭弧单元200。触头单元100包括多个动触头110和静触头120，多个动触头110沿一第一方向D1并排设置，各动触头110能够被驱动以与静触头120接触或分离，实现分断器件的接通和关断。动触头110相对于静触头120具有一运动轨迹，动触头110沿着该运动轨迹能够与静触头120闭合或分离。当动触头110和静触头120分离时，动触头110和静触头120之间产生分断电弧300。灭弧单元200用于对静触头120和动触头110之间产生的分断电弧300进行灭弧。为了便于理解，图4和图5示意性地示出了动触头110和静触头120之间产生的分断电弧300。
可以理解的是，本公开实施例中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元，而是可选地还包括没有列出的步骤或单元，或可选地还包括对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或组件。
需要说明的是，本公开实施例的分断器件还包括灭弧磁铁(图中未示出)，通过灭弧磁铁，可使静触点121和动触点112之间产生的分断电弧300受到磁场影响，从而使分断电弧300进入灭弧单元200后被拉伸，实现灭弧效果。
灭弧磁铁的数量不作限定，并且灭弧磁铁可以连接于灭弧单元200的两侧，也可以是设置在灭弧单元200背离触头单元100的一侧。
如图1至图3所示，图2和图3分别示出的是本公开实施例的直流框架断路器的一极回路的触头单元100和灭弧单元200的两个视角下的结构示意图。灭弧单元200包括灭弧组件210和至少一个第一分隔件220，灭弧组件210与触头单元100间隔设置，且在灭弧组件210和触头单元100之间形成一总灭弧空间S1，各第一分隔件220连接于灭弧组件210且向触头单元100延伸，并将总灭弧空间S1在第一方向D1上分隔成至少两个子灭弧空间S11。
需要说明的是，动触头110和静触头120接触时，分断器件处于接通状态。动触头110和静触头120分离时，分断器件处于关断状态。动触头110和静触头120分离后，在两者之间容易产生分断电弧300。在动触头110开始分离时，作用在静触头120和动触头110之间的接触压力将减少，接触面积也缩小，接触电阻以及动触头110和静触头120放出的热量就增加。由于热量集中在很小的体积中，导致动触头110和静触头120的触点金属被加热到高温而熔化，从而在动触头110和静触头120之间形成液态金属桥，最后金属桥被拉开，在静触头120和动触头110之间形成过渡的或稳定的分断电弧300。
本公开实施例的分断器件，灭弧单元200包括至少一个第一分隔件220，各第一分隔件220连接于灭弧组件210且向触头单元100延伸，将灭弧组件210和触头单元100之间的总灭弧空间S1在第一方向D1上分隔成至少两个子灭弧空间S11，这样能够有效压缩分断电弧300及弧根的直径，定向限制了分断电弧300以及灭弧组件210和触头单元100之间的高温气体、高电离介质的移动，迫使分断电弧300加速向灭弧组件210内移动，提高了分断的可靠性。此外，由于各个子灭弧空间S11相对于总灭弧空间S1较小，这样在狭小的空间里，分断电弧300的直径被压缩，从而使电弧电压增加，也进一步提高了分断的可靠性。
可以理解的是，子灭弧空间S11的数量可以为两个、三个或四个及以上，相对应地，第一分隔件220的数量可以为一个、两个或三个及以上。举例来说，当子灭弧空间S11的数量为三个时，第一分隔件220的数量为两个，两个第一分隔件220在第一方向D1上间隔设置，以将总灭弧空间S1分隔为三个子灭弧空间S11。
在本实施例中，子灭弧空间S11的数量为三个，且第一分隔件220的数量为两个。
此外，各个子灭弧空间S11所对应的动触头110的数量可以为一个、两个、三个或其他数量。
在本实施例中，触头单元100包括九个动触头110，九个动触头110在第一方向D1上间隔设置，并且九个动触头110分成三组，每组包括三个动触头110。三组动触头110 分别对应于三个子灭弧空间S11。
如图2所示，以处于中间位置的一组动触头110为例。当分断器件在接通状态和关断状态之间切换时，该组动触头110的各个动触点112在处于中间位置的子灭弧空间S11内往复移动。通过第一分隔件220的设置，可使位于中间位置的动触头110的各个动触点112与两侧位置的各个动触头110的动触点112分隔开。
请继续参阅图1至图3，触头单元100还包括触头支持130，多个动触头110连接于触头支持130。触头支持130相对于灭弧单元200以及静触头120沿一摆动方向D3可摆动，以带动各动触头110相对于静触头120可摆动运动，摆动方向D3与第一方向D1垂直。各第一分隔件220设置在触头支持130和灭弧组件210之间。
在本实施例中，多个动触头110连接于触头支持130，当触头支持130沿着摆动方向D3摆动时，各个动触头110也随着触头支持130摆动，以与静触头120接触或分离。
当然，在一些实施方式中，动触头110的运动方式还可以为沿着直线移动，以与静触头120接触或分离。
各第一分隔件220朝向触头支持130的一侧表面的形状与触头支持130的外壁面形状相适配。这样，当触头支持130带动动触头110实现摆动时，触头支持130与第一分隔件220并不会发生运动干涉。
第一分隔件220朝向触头支持130的一侧表面为第一弧形表面223，触头支持130具有与第一弧形表面223的弧度相适配的第二弧形表面131。第一弧形表面223与第二弧形表面131的弧度相适配，使得触头支持130在摆动过程中，第一分隔件220的第一弧形表面223与触头支持130的第二弧形表面131之间也能够尽可能地保持较小的间隙，进而确保各个子灭弧空间S11之间的独立性。
如图4所示，图4示出的是本公开实施例的直流框架断路器的侧视图，其中示出了第一分隔件220和动触头110。本公开实施例的第一分隔件220包括连接部221和分隔部222。连接部221连接于灭弧组件210，分隔部222连接于连接部221背离灭弧组件210的一侧，分隔部222用于在分断器件处于关断状态下将多个动触头110与静触头120形成的多条分断电弧300隔离，并使多条分断电弧300分别布置在至少两个子灭弧空间S11内。
具体来说，结合图2所示，在本实施例中，总灭弧空间S1被分隔为三个子灭弧空间S11，每个子灭弧空间S11对应三个动触头110。在分断器件处于关断状态下，九个动触头110分别与静触头120之间形成九条分断电弧300。九条分断电弧300被三个分隔部222均匀地分成三组，每组包括三条分断电弧300。三组分断电弧300分别布置在三个子灭弧 空间S11内。
当然，在一些实施方式中，各个子灭弧空间S11所对应的动触头110的数量也可以是不相同的。举例来说，位于中间位置的子灭弧空间S11所对应的动触头110的数量可以为两个，位于一侧的子灭弧空间S11所对应的动触头110的数量可以为四个，位于另一侧的子灭弧空间S11所对应的动触头110的数量可以为三个。
请继续参阅图4，各动触头110包括触头部111和动触点112，触头部111连接于触头支持130，动触点112连接于触头部111。静触头120具有静触点121，各动触点112用于分别与静触点121接触或分离。
可以理解的是，动触点112与触头部111可以采用分体设置或一体设置。当然，静触点121与静触头120也可以是分体设置或一体设置。
分断器件在接通状态和关断状态之间切换的过程中，动触点112沿第一方向D1向第一分隔件220的正投影落在第一分隔件220的侧面内。进一步地，动触点112沿第一方向D1向第一分隔件220的正投影落在分隔部222的侧面内。
在本实施例中，由于动触点112在移动过程中，沿第一方向D1向第一分隔件220的正投影始终落在第一分隔件220的侧面内，使得各动触头110与静触头120之间产生的分断电弧300始终能够被第一分隔件220分隔。
如图3所示，在一实施方式中，第一分隔件220为板状，各第一分隔件220沿一第二方向D2延伸，并沿第一方向D1相互平行且间隔设置，第二方向D2与第一方向D1垂直。
如图10所示，图10示出的是本公开实施例的灭弧单元的侧视图。沿第一方向D1，第一分隔件220的分隔部222的尺寸大于该第一分隔件220的连接部221的尺寸。由于分隔部222用以将多条分断电弧300隔离，故将分隔部222的尺寸加厚，可避免分隔部222被电弧烧穿。此外，由于分隔部222的尺寸大于连接部221的尺寸，这样形成的子灭弧空间S11的靠近灭弧组件210部分的截面积大于靠近触头支持130部分的截面积，从而形成“上大下小”的子灭弧空间S11，起到防止电弧回串的作用。
在本实施例中，第一分隔件220为平板状，分隔部222的板厚大于该连接部221的板厚。
如图1至3、图5所示，图5示出的是本公开实施例的直流框架断路器的侧视图，其中示出了第二分隔件230。本公开实施例的灭弧单元200还包括两个第二分隔件230，两个第二分隔件230分别连接于灭弧组件210沿第一方向D1的两个相对的侧边，且均向触头单元100延伸。灭弧组件210、触头单元100和两个第二分隔件230合围成总灭弧空间 S1。由于两个第二分隔件230分别连接于灭弧组件210沿第一方向D1的两个相对的侧边，且向触头单元100延伸，故两个第二分隔件230将多条分断电弧300隔离在总灭弧空间S1内，能够避免分断电弧300外溢而烧毁分断器件的其他部件。同时，还能够增加产气量，较大的产气量能够推动电弧向灭弧组件210移动，有助于实现分断。
在一实施方式中，各第二分隔件230为板状，且与各第一分隔件220平行。
在本实施例中，沿着第一方向D1依次设置有其中一个第二分隔件230、两个第一分隔件220和另一个第二分隔件230。两个第一分隔件220和两个第二分隔件230共同将总灭弧空间S1分隔为三个子灭弧空间S11。
可以理解的是，各个子灭弧空间S11之间的流通面积可以是相等的，也可以是不相等的。
在一实施方式中，第一分隔件220和第二分隔件230为产气材料制成，通过产气压缩分断电弧300，提高电弧电压，进而推动电弧进入灭弧组件210。可以理解的是，产气材料是指在高温下气化的材料。举例来说，产气材料可以为下述任一材料或任一组合：尼龙(PA66)、聚甲醛或三聚氰胺。
部分触头支持130可以由产气材料制成。具体来说，如图5所示，触头支持130可以包括第一部分132和第二部分133。第一部分132与动触头110连接，第二部分133与第一部分132连接。其中，当分断器件处于关断状态时，第二部分133朝向灭弧组件210。第二部分133由产气材料制成。
如图6和图7所示，图6示出的是本公开实施例的灭弧单元200的结构示意图。图7示出的是本公开实施例的灭弧单元200的分解示意图。作为一示例，本公开实施例的灭弧组件210包括多个灭弧栅片211、两个灭弧侧板212、两个灭弧压条213以及两个灭弧支架214。
各个灭弧栅片211为片状结构，且大致为一长方形。各灭弧栅片211沿第一方向D1延伸，且多个灭弧栅片211沿一第二方向D2并排设置，第二方向D2与第一方向D1垂直。两个灭弧支架214相对设置，且分别设于多个灭弧栅片211沿第二方向D2的两个相对的端面。两个灭弧侧板212相对设置，且分别设于多个灭弧栅片211沿第一方向D1的两个相对的侧面，并且，两个灭弧侧板212分别与两个灭弧支架214连接，以合围成一容置空间，多个灭弧栅片211容纳在该容置空间内。两个灭弧压条213均沿着第二方向D2延伸，且设于多个灭弧栅片211的顶面沿第一方向D1的两个相对的侧边，以将多个灭弧栅片211限定在上述的容置空间内。
作为一示例，灭弧侧板212与灭弧支架214之间可以采用卡扣连接，但不以此为限。
第一分隔件220连接于多个灭弧栅片211朝向触头单元100的一侧。第一分隔件220与灭弧栅片211垂直。
如图2、图8和图9所示，图8示出的是本公开实施例的触点单元的示意图。图9示出的是图8中A处的局部放大图。各动触头110分别沿着各自的运动轨迹与静触头120接触或分离，以实现分断器件的接通或关断。当子灭弧空间S11为奇数时，沿着第一方向D1，处于中间位置的子灭弧空间S11对应的动触头110的运动轨迹相较于其余的动触头110的运动轨迹短。
为了便于理解，以图2示出的九个动触头110和三个子灭弧空间S11为例。可以理解的是，由于处于中间位置的三个动触头110的运动轨迹相较于其余的左右两侧的六个动触头110的运动轨迹短，则在触头支持130摆动相同角度的前提下，中间位置的三个动触头110会出现“先合后分”的情况，即分断器件由关断状态向接通状态切换的过程中，中间位置的三个动触头110会优先于其余的动触头110与静触头120接触，以及分断器件由接通状态向关断状态切换的过程中，中间位置的三个动触头110会晚于其余的动触头110与静触头120分离。
通过这样的设计，使得分断电弧300优先在中间位置的动触头110与静触头120之间产生，这样可保护其余的动触头110，有助于降低温升。此外，当中间位置的动触头110的触点磨损后，分断电弧300在其余的动触头110与静触头120之间产生，产气将这些分断电弧300推向灭弧组件210，实现快速灭弧。
可以理解的是，处于中间位置的动触头110的运动轨迹与其余的动触头110的运动轨迹不同，可以通过设置不同高度的动触点。具体来说，各动触头110包括触头部111和动触点112，动触点112连接于触头部111，用于与静触头120接触或分离，触头部111连接于触头支持130。各动触头110的各触头部111在第一方向D1上对齐。在运动轨迹的方向上，处于中间位置的子灭弧空间S11对应的动触头110的动触点112的高度大于其余的动触头110的动触点112的高度。
结合图2和图9，作为一示例，九个动触头110的九个触头部111在第一方向D1上对齐，而处于中间位置的三个动触头110的动触点112’的高度h2大于其余六个动触头110的动触点112的高度h1。这样，分断器件在接通状态和关断状态之间切换时，中间位置的三个动触点112’会优先于其余的动触点112与静触头120接触，实现“先合后分”。
进一步地，处于中间位置的子灭弧空间S11对应的动触头110的动触点112’的高度 h2与其余的动触头110的动触点112的高度h1的差为1.5mm～2.5mm，即h2-h1＝1.5mm～2.5mm，作为优选，h2-h1＝2mm。
当然，在一些实施方式中，为了实现处于中间位置的动触头110的运动轨迹与其余的动触头110的运动轨迹不同，还可以通过将多个动触头110在第一方向D1上设计为相错。具体来说，仍然图2示出的九个动触头110为例，处于中间位置的三个动触头110相比于其他的动触头110更靠近静触头120，这样九个动触头110的九个动触点112的高度相同的情况下，也能够实现中间位置的动触头110出现“先合后分”。
综上所述，本公开实施例的分断器件的优点和有益效果至少包括：
本公开实施例的分断器件，灭弧单元200包括至少一个第一分隔件220，各第一分隔件220连接于灭弧组件210且向触头单元100延伸，将灭弧组件210和触头单元100之间的总灭弧空间S1在第一方向D1上分隔成至少两个子灭弧空间S11，这样能够有效压缩分断电弧300及弧根的直径，定向限制了分断电弧300以及灭弧组件210和触头单元100之间的高温气体、高电离介质的移动，迫使分断电弧300加速向灭弧组件210内移动，提高了分断的可靠性。此外，由于各个子灭弧空间S11相对于总灭弧空间S1较小，这样在狭小的空间里，分断电弧300的直径被压缩，从而使电弧电压增加，也进一步提高了分断的可靠性。
本公开实施例的分断器件，有效解决了直流高电压低电流临界分断燃弧时间长、直流高电压短路电流分断燃弧时间长的问题，有效降低燃弧能量，并且可以有效解决直流高电压电寿命低的问题。
可以理解的是，本公开提供的各个实施例/实施方式在不产生矛盾的情况下可以相互组合，此处不再一一举例说明。
在本公开实施例中，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性；术语“多个”则指两个或两个以上，除非另有明确的限定。术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语均应做广义理解，例如，“连接”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；“相连”可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本公开实施例中的具体含义。
本公开实施例的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“前”、“后”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或单元必须具有特定的方向、以特 定的方位构造和操作，因此，不能理解为对本公开实施例的限制。
在本说明书的描述中，术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“具体实施例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点包含于本公开实施例的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或实例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上仅为本公开实施例的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本公开实施例，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本公开实施例可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本公开实施例的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本公开实施例的保护范围之内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种分断器件，其特征在于，包括：
    触头单元，包括多个动触头和静触头，多个所述动触头沿一第一方向并排设置，各所述动触头能够被驱动以与所述静触头接触或分离，实现所述分断器件的接通和关断；以及
    灭弧单元，包括灭弧组件和至少一个第一分隔件，所述灭弧组件与所述触头单元间隔设置，且在所述灭弧组件和所述触头单元之间形成一总灭弧空间，各所述第一分隔件连接于所述灭弧组件且向所述触头单元延伸，并将所述总灭弧空间在所述第一方向上分隔成至少两个子灭弧空间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的分断器件，其特征在于，所述触头单元还包括触头支持，多个所述动触头连接于所述触头支持；
    所述触头支持相对于所述灭弧单元以及所述静触头沿一摆动方向可摆动，以带动各所述动触头相对于所述静触头可摆动运动，所述摆动方向与所述第一方向垂直；
    各所述第一分隔件设置在所述触头支持和所述灭弧组件之间；
    各所述第一分隔件朝向所述触头支持的一侧表面的形状与所述触头支持的外壁面形状相适配。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的分断器件，其特征在于，所述第一分隔件朝向所述触头支持的一侧表面为第一弧形表面；所述触头支持具有与第一弧形表面的弧度相适配的第二弧形表面。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的分断器件，其特征在于，所述第一分隔件包括：
    连接部，连接于所述灭弧组件；以及
    分隔部，连接于所述连接部背离所述灭弧组件的一侧，所述分隔部用于在所述分断器件处于关断状态下将多个所述动触头与所述静触头形成的多条分断电弧隔离，并使多条所述分断电弧分别布置在至少两个所述子灭弧空间内。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的分断器件，其特征在于，沿所述第一方向，所述分隔部的尺寸大于所述连接部的尺寸。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的分断器件，其特征在于，各所述动触头具有动触点，所述静触头具有静触点，各所述动触点用于分别与所述静触点接触或分离；
    所述分断器件在接通状态和关断状态之间切换的过程中，所述动触点沿所述第一 方向向所述第一分隔件的正投影落在所述第一分隔件的侧面内。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的分断器件，其特征在于，所述第一分隔件为板状，各所述第一分隔件沿一第二方向延伸，并沿所述第一方向相互平行且间隔设置，所述第二方向与所述第一方向垂直。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7任一项所述的分断器件，其特征在于，所述灭弧单元还包括两个第二分隔件，两个所述第二分隔件分别连接于所述灭弧组件沿所述第一方向的两个相对的侧边，且均向所述触头单元延伸；
    所述灭弧组件、所述触头单元和两个所述第二分隔件合围成所述总灭弧空间。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的分断器件，其特征在于，各所述第二分隔件与各所述第一分隔件平行。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的分断器件，其特征在于，所述灭弧组件包括多个灭弧栅片，各所述灭弧栅片沿所述第一方向延伸，且多个所述灭弧栅片沿一第二方向并排设置，所述第二方向与所述第一方向垂直；所述第一分隔件与所述灭弧栅片垂直。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的分断器件，其特征在于，各所述动触头分别沿着各自的运动轨迹与所述静触头接触或分离；
    当所述子灭弧空间为奇数时，沿着所述第一方向，处于中间位置的所述子灭弧空间对应的所述动触头的运动轨迹相较于其余的所述动触头的运动轨迹短。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的分断器件，其特征在于，各所述动触头包括触头部和动触点，所述动触点连接于所述触头部，用于与所述静触头接触或分离；
    各所述动触头的各所述触头部在所述第一方向上对齐；在所述运动轨迹的方向上，处于中间位置的所述子灭弧空间对应的所述动触头的所述动触点的高度大于其余的所述动触头的所述动触点的高度。
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JP2016042414A (ja) * 2014-08-14 2016-03-31 富士電機株式会社 回路遮断器
CN104538221A (zh) * 2014-11-17 2015-04-22 浙江天正电气股份有限公司 断路器灭弧装置及设有该断路器灭弧装置的断路器
CN107680891A (zh) * 2017-10-31 2018-02-09 首瑞（天津）电气设备有限公司 一种触头灭弧系统、低压断路器及灭弧系统
CN108461364A (zh) * 2018-04-20 2018-08-28 上海良信电器股份有限公司 一种断路器的灭弧系统及该断路器
CN213184182U (zh) * 2020-07-24 2021-05-11 上海正泰智能科技有限公司 开关电器
CN112071683A (zh) * 2020-09-29 2020-12-11 厦门宏发开关设备有限公司 一种灭弧系统以及具有该灭弧系统的分断器件
CN216161643U (zh) * 2021-09-22 2022-04-01 天津首瑞智能电气有限公司 一种断路器的触头系统及断路器

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