WO2023199642A1 - 光検出装置及び電子機器 - Google Patents
光検出装置及び電子機器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023199642A1 WO2023199642A1 PCT/JP2023/008207 JP2023008207W WO2023199642A1 WO 2023199642 A1 WO2023199642 A1 WO 2023199642A1 JP 2023008207 W JP2023008207 W JP 2023008207W WO 2023199642 A1 WO2023199642 A1 WO 2023199642A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/10—Integrated devices
- H10F39/12—Image sensors
- H10F39/199—Back-illuminated image sensors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/10—Integrated devices
- H10F39/12—Image sensors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/10—Integrated devices
- H10F39/12—Image sensors
- H10F39/18—Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor [CMOS] image sensors; Photodiode array image sensors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/803—Pixels having integrated switching, control, storage or amplification elements
- H10F39/8037—Pixels having integrated switching, control, storage or amplification elements the integrated elements comprising a transistor
- H10F39/80373—Pixels having integrated switching, control, storage or amplification elements the integrated elements comprising a transistor characterised by the gate of the transistor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/807—Pixel isolation structures
Definitions
- the present technology (technology according to the present disclosure) relates to a photodetection device and an electronic device.
- a semiconductor substrate for example, a semiconductor substrate, a photoelectric conversion unit formed on the semiconductor substrate that generates and accumulates a charge according to the amount of received light, and a surface of the semiconductor substrate opposite to the light incident surface (hereinafter also referred to as the "surface") ) side, and a transfer gate formed on the surface side of the semiconductor substrate to transfer the charges accumulated in the photoelectric conversion section to the FD.
- a device has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- An object of the present disclosure is to provide a photodetection device and electronic equipment that can increase the amount of charge that can be accumulated in a photoelectric conversion section.
- the photodetection device of the present disclosure includes (a) a semiconductor substrate, (b) a photoelectric conversion section formed on the semiconductor substrate that generates and accumulates a charge according to the amount of received light, and (c) an electric charge generated by the photoelectric conversion section. (d) a transfer gate that transfers the charges accumulated by the photoelectric conversion section to the charge holding section, and (e) the photoelectric conversion section is continuous in the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate. and (f) a p-type semiconductor region containing a p-type impurity formed in a region that is in contact with the p-type semiconductor region and containing an n-type impurity formed continuously in the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate.
- the n-type semiconductor region has a constant impurity concentration in the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate; and (h) the transfer gate has an impurity concentration that is constant in the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate;
- a vertical gate electrode that reaches deeper than the end of the n-type semiconductor region located from the first surface, which is the surface closer to the holding part, to the second surface, which is the surface opposite to the first surface.
- the electronic device of the present disclosure includes (a) a semiconductor substrate, (b) a photoelectric conversion section formed on the semiconductor substrate that generates and accumulates charges according to the amount of received light, and (c) a photoelectric conversion section that stores charges generated in the photoelectric conversion section. (d) a charge retention section to hold the charge; and a transfer gate for transferring the charge accumulated by the photoelectric conversion section to the charge retention section; (e) the photoelectric conversion section is formed continuously in the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate. (f) a p-type semiconductor region containing p-type impurities; and (f) an n-type semiconductor region containing n-type impurities formed in a region in contact with the p-type semiconductor region and continuously formed in the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate.
- the n-type semiconductor region has a constant impurity concentration in the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate, and (h) the transfer gate is located on the side closer to the charge retention portion of the two surfaces of the semiconductor substrate.
- a photodetecting device having a vertical gate electrode extending from a first surface, which is a surface, to a depth deeper than an end of an n-type semiconductor region located on a second surface, which is a surface opposite to the first surface. The main point is to be prepared.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of a solid-state imaging device according to a first embodiment.
- 2 is a diagram illustrating a cross-sectional configuration of the solid-state imaging device taken along line A-A' in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of the solid-state imaging device taken along line B-B' in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a potential distribution in a photoelectric conversion section.
- 5 is a diagram showing the potential at the position of line CC' in FIG. 4.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the potential at the position of line D-D' in FIG. 4.
- FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a potential distribution in a photoelectric conversion section.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the potential at the position of line E-E' in FIG. 7.
- FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a potential distribution in a photoelectric conversion section.
- 10 is a diagram showing the potential at the position of line FF' in FIG. 9.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the potential at the position of line GG' in FIG. 9.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of a solid-state imaging device according to a second embodiment.
- 13 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of the solid-state imaging device taken along line H-H' in FIG. 12.
- FIG. This is a potential distribution when the potential of the buried electrode is in a LOW state.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the potential when viewed from the thickness direction of a semiconductor substrate.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of a solid-state imaging device according to a modification.
- 18 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of the solid-state imaging device taken along line II' in FIG. 17.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a potential distribution in a photoelectric conversion section.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a potential distribution in a photoelectric conversion section.
- 21 is a diagram showing potential distributions in regions K, L, M, and N in FIG. 20.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing potential distributions in regions K, L, M, and N in FIG.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing potential distributions in regions K, L, M, and N in FIG. 20.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of a solid-state imaging device according to a modification.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of a solid-state imaging device according to a modification.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the potential when viewed from the thickness direction of a semiconductor substrate.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the potential when viewed from the thickness direction of a semiconductor substrate.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the potential when viewed from the thickness direction of a semiconductor substrate.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the potential when viewed from the thickness direction of a semiconductor substrate.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of an electronic device according to a third embodiment.
- FIGS. 1 to 30 An example of a photodetection device and an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 30. Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in the following order. Note that the present disclosure is not limited to the following examples. Furthermore, the effects described in this specification are merely examples and are not limiting, and other effects may also be present.
- First embodiment Solid-state imaging device 1-1 Overall configuration of solid-state imaging device 1-2 Configuration of main parts 2.
- Second embodiment Solid-state imaging device 2-1 Configuration of main parts 2-2 Modification example 3.
- Third embodiment Application example to electronic equipment
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of a solid-state imaging device 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the solid-state imaging device 1 in FIG. 1 is a back-illuminated CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) image sensor.
- CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
- the solid-state imaging device 1 (1002) captures image light (incident light) from a subject through a lens group 1001, and calculates the amount of incident light formed on the imaging surface in pixel units.
- the solid-state imaging device 1 includes a pixel region 2, a vertical drive circuit 3, a column signal processing circuit 4, a horizontal drive circuit 5, an output circuit 6, and a control circuit 7. .
- the pixel region 2 includes a plurality of pixels 9 arranged in a two-dimensional array on a semiconductor substrate 8.
- the pixel 9 includes the photoelectric conversion section 21 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 and a plurality of pixel transistors. Examples of the plurality of pixel transistors include a transfer transistor, a reset transistor, an amplification transistor, and a selection transistor.
- the vertical drive circuit 3 is configured by, for example, a shift register, selects a desired pixel drive wiring 10, supplies pulses for driving the pixels 9 to the selected pixel drive wiring 10, and drives each pixel 9 in rows.
- the vertical drive circuit 3 sequentially selectively scans each pixel 9 in the pixel area 2 in the vertical direction row by row, and generates a pixel signal based on the signal charge generated in the photoelectric conversion section 21 of each pixel 9 according to the amount of light received. , are supplied to the column signal processing circuit 4 through the vertical signal line 11.
- the column signal processing circuit 4 is arranged, for example, for each column of pixels 9, and performs signal processing such as noise removal on the signals output from the pixels 9 for one row for each pixel column.
- the column signal processing circuit 4 performs signal processing such as CDS (Correlated Double Sampling) and AD (Analog Digital) conversion to remove fixed pattern noise specific to pixels.
- the horizontal drive circuit 5 is configured by, for example, a shift register, and sequentially outputs horizontal scanning pulses to the column signal processing circuits 4 to select each of the column signal processing circuits 4 in turn, and selects each of the column signal processing circuits 4 from each of the column signal processing circuits 4 in turn.
- the pixel signal subjected to signal processing is output to the horizontal signal line 12.
- the output circuit 6 performs signal processing on pixel signals sequentially supplied from each of the column signal processing circuits 4 through the horizontal signal line 12 and outputs the processed pixel signals.
- signal processing for example, buffering, black level adjustment, column variation correction, various digital signal processing, etc. can be used.
- the control circuit 7 generates clock signals and control signals that serve as operating standards for the vertical drive circuit 3, column signal processing circuit 4, horizontal drive circuit 5, etc., based on the vertical synchronization signal, horizontal synchronization signal, and master clock signal. generate. Then, the control circuit 7 outputs the generated clock signal and control signal to the vertical drive circuit 3, column signal processing circuit 4, horizontal drive circuit 5, and the like.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of the solid-state imaging device 1 taken along line AA' in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of the solid-state imaging device 1 taken along line BB' in FIG.
- the solid-state imaging device 1 includes a light-receiving layer 15 in which a semiconductor substrate 8, a light shielding film 13, and a planarization film 14 are laminated in this order.
- back surface S1 On the surface of the light-receiving layer 15 on the flattening film 14 side (hereinafter also referred to as "back surface S1"), a plurality of microlenses 16 arranged in a two-dimensional array are arranged so as to correspond to each pixel 9. has been done. Further, a wiring layer 17 is arranged on the surface of the light-receiving layer 15 on the semiconductor substrate 8 side (hereinafter also referred to as "surface S2").
- the semiconductor substrate 8 is made of, for example, a p-type silicon (Si) substrate.
- a trench portion 18 is formed in the semiconductor substrate 8 so as to surround the region of each pixel 9 .
- Trench portion 18 is formed to penetrate semiconductor substrate 8 .
- a sidewall film 19 is formed on the inner wall surface of the trench portion 18 to cover the inner wall surface.
- silicon oxide (SiO 2 ) can be used as the material of the sidewall film 19, for example.
- a filler 20 is embedded inside the trench portion 18 .
- the filler 20 for example, doped polysilicon can be used.
- a rectangular photoelectric conversion section 21 is formed in a region of the semiconductor substrate 8 surrounded by the trench section 18 on the light-receiving surface (hereinafter also referred to as "back surface S3") side of the semiconductor substrate 8.
- back surface S3 the light-receiving surface
- p-type semiconductor regions hereinafter referred to as “ (also referred to as “p+ region 22") and an n-type semiconductor region (hereinafter also referred to as "n+ region 23”) containing a high concentration of n-type impurity.
- p-type impurity and the n-type impurity for example, boron (B) and phosphorus (P) can be used.
- front-side p+ regions 24 p-type semiconductor regions containing p-type impurities at a high concentration are provided on each of the front surface S2 side and the back surface S3 side of the photoelectric conversion section 21 to suppress dark current. Also referred to as “back side p+ region 25”) is formed.
- P+ region 22 is formed in a region in contact with trench portion 18 and is continuously formed in the thickness direction of semiconductor substrate 8 .
- the p+ region 22 is formed from the front surface S2 side to the back surface S3 side of the semiconductor substrate 8, and has a constant width Wp from the front surface S2 side to the back surface S3 side.
- the impurity concentration of the p+ region 22 is constant in the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate 8. For example, the difference in impurity concentration at each part within p+ region 22 is 10% or less.
- the n+ region 23 is formed in a region in contact with the p+ region 22, and is continuously formed in the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate 8.
- the n+ region 23 is formed from the front side p+ region 24 to the back side p+ region 25, and has a constant width Wn from the front side p+ region 24 side to the back side p+ region 25 side.
- the n+ region 23 has a constant impurity concentration in the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate 8 (in other words, the n+ region 23 has a constant resistance value at each part in the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate 8).
- the difference in impurity concentration at each part within the n+ region 23 is 10% or less (more preferably 5% or less).
- the photoelectric conversion section 21 mainly configures a photodiode using a pn junction, which is a junction surface between the p+ region 22 and the n+ region 23, and performs photoelectric conversion to generate charges according to the amount of received light. Further, the photoelectric conversion unit 21 accumulates charges generated by photoelectric conversion in the electrostatic capacitance (junction capacitance) generated at the pn junction between the p+ region 22 and the n+ region 23.
- the inside of the semiconductor substrate 8 is formed from the inside of the trench portion 18.
- a method of doping impurities can be adopted. Examples of methods for doping with impurities include solid phase diffusion, plasma doping, and ion implantation.
- a method of forming the p+ region 22 for example, a method of forming a fixed charge film having a negative charge on the inner wall surface of the trench portion 18 can be adopted. Examples of the material of the fixed charge film include oxides or nitrides containing at least one element of hafnium (Hf), aluminum (Al), zirconium (Zr), tantalum (Ta), and titanium (Ti).
- the n+ region 23 of the photoelectric conversion unit 21 is continuous in the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate 8 so as to be in contact with the p+ region 22, and further, the impurity
- the configuration was such that the concentration was constant.
- the same pn junction can be formed at each part in the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate 8, and as shown in FIGS.
- the depth of the potential can be made approximately the same as the depth of the potential on the surface S4 side (the root side of the vertical gate electrode 31), as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6. 4 to 6 illustrate the case where the potential peak is 1.5V. Therefore, the amount of charge (saturated charge amount Qs) that can be accumulated in the photoelectric conversion section 21 can be increased.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the potential distribution in the photoelectric conversion section 21.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the potential at the position of the line CC' in FIG. 4.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the potential at the position of line DD' in FIG. 4.
- a vertical transistor 26 is formed in the region on the surface S2 side of the semiconductor substrate 8.
- the vertical transistor 26 includes a floating diffusion (in a broad sense, a "charge holding section”; hereinafter also referred to as "FD27") and a transfer gate 28.
- the FD 27 is constituted by a highly concentrated n-type impurity region, and holds charges transferred from the photoelectric conversion section 21 to the FD 27 by the transfer transistor (transfer gate 28). That is, the charge generated by the photoelectric conversion unit 21 is held.
- the transfer gate 28 is a gate of a transfer transistor that transfers the charge generated by the photoelectric conversion unit 21 to the FD 27.
- the transfer gate 28 is formed within the semiconductor substrate 8 with a gate insulating film 29 interposed therebetween.
- the transfer gate 28 includes a flat surface electrode 30 formed to protrude onto the surface S2 of the semiconductor substrate 8 and a vertical gate electrode 31 extending from the surface electrode 30 in the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate 8. are doing.
- the vertical gate electrode 31 extends from the front surface S2 of the semiconductor substrate 8 to a depth deeper than the end portion 32 of the n+ region 23 located on the back surface S3 side. That is, the vertical gate electrode 31 has two surfaces of the semiconductor substrate 8, from the surface S2 (first surface), which is the surface closer to the FD 27, to the back surface S3 (second surface), which is the surface farther from the surface S2. ) side of the n+ region 23 (to the depth of the p+ region 25).
- the transfer gate 28 extends from the top surface S2 of the semiconductor substrate 8 to a depth deeper than the end 32 of the n+ region 23 located on the back surface S3 side.
- This is the configuration used.
- the vertical gate electrode 31 side is You can deepen your potential.
- FIG. 7 a case is illustrated in which the potential on the vertical gate electrode 31 side is set to 2.0V or the like. Therefore, it is possible to form a potential gradient that horizontally transfers the charges accumulated in the photoelectric conversion section 21 to the region on the vertical gate electrode 31 side.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the potential distribution in the photoelectric conversion section 21.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the potential at the position of line E-E' in FIG. 7.
- FIG. 2 and 3 illustrate the case where the vertical gate electrode 31 is one buried electrode that reaches deeper from the front surface S2 of the semiconductor substrate 8 than the end of the n+ region 23 located on the back surface S3 side. are doing. Furthermore, an impurity region 33 containing p-type impurities is formed around the vertical gate electrode 31 (embedded electrode 31) so as to cover the peripheral surface of the embedded electrode 31. In the impurity region 33, the impurity concentration on the back surface S3 side of the semiconductor substrate 8 is higher than the impurity concentration on the front surface S2 side. As a result, by setting the potential of the vertical gate electrode 31 to a HIGH state, as shown in FIG. The depth of the potential can be made deeper than the depth of the potential on the back surface S3 side.
- the impurity concentration of the impurity region 33 may be configured to change continuously or may be changed stepwise (a configuration in which it changes discontinuously).
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the potential distribution in the photoelectric conversion section 21.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the potential at the position of line F-F' in FIG.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the potential at the position of line GG' in FIG.
- a potential gradient that vertically transfers charges to the surface S2 side of the semiconductor substrate 8 is not formed in the photoelectric conversion unit 21, and FIGS.
- the depth of the potential on the back surface S3 side of the photoelectric conversion section 21 was made to be approximately the same as the depth of the potential on the front surface S4 side (the root side of the vertical gate electrode 31). Therefore, the amount of charge (saturated charge amount Qs) that can be accumulated in the photoelectric conversion section 21 as a whole can be increased.
- the potential on the vertical gate electrode 31 side is was deepened to form a potential gradient. Therefore, the charges accumulated in the photoelectric conversion section 21 can be horizontally transferred to the region on the vertical gate electrode 31 side.
- the potential of the vertical gate electrode 31 is set to a HIGH state, as shown in FIG.
- the depth of the potential is set to be deeper than the depth of the potential on the back surface S3 side. Therefore, the charge horizontally transferred to the vertical gate electrode 31 (buried electrode 31) side can be vertically transferred to the FD 27 along the vertical gate electrode 31 (buried electrode 31). Thereby, the charges generated by the photoelectric conversion section 21 can be held in the FD 27.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of a solid-state imaging device 1 according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of the solid-state imaging device 1 taken along line HH' in FIG. 12.
- parts corresponding to those in FIGS. 2 and 3 are designated by the same reference numerals, and redundant explanation will be omitted.
- FIGS. 12 and 13 illustrate a case where two embedded electrodes 34 and 35 are used as the two or more embedded electrodes.
- Each of the embedded electrodes 34 and 35 is the same prismatic electrode that is spaced apart from each other in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate 8.
- Each of the buried electrodes 34 and 35 reaches deeper than the end 32 of the n+ region 23 located on the back surface S3 side of the semiconductor substrate 8.
- an impurity region 36 containing p-type impurities is formed between the buried electrodes 34 and 35.
- the impurity concentration on the front surface S2 side of the semiconductor substrate 8 is higher than the impurity concentration on the back surface S3 side.
- the impurity concentration of the impurity region 36 may be configured to change continuously or may be changed stepwise (a configuration in which it changes discontinuously).
- the impurity forming the impurity region 33 may affect the photoelectric conversion section 21, and the potential of the photoelectric conversion section 21 may fluctuate.
- the potential in the region near the vertical gate electrode 31 does not become deeper than the potential in the region on the back surface S3 side of the impurity region 33. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, in the region on the back surface S3 side of the photoelectric conversion section 21, the potential in the region near the vertical gate electrode 31 becomes shallow (1.7 V in FIG. 7), and the amount of charge that can be accumulated decreases. There is a possibility that it will be reduced.
- an impurity region for forming a potential gradient for vertical charge transfer is not formed around the vertical gate electrode 31, and as shown in FIG.
- an impurity region 36 is formed between the buried electrodes 34 and 35 forming the vertical gate electrode 31.
- a potential gradient can be formed that causes the charges horizontally transferred to the buried electrodes 34 and 35 to be vertically transferred to the FD 27. Furthermore, it is possible to suppress fluctuations in the potential of the photoelectric conversion section 21 due to impurities in the impurity region 36.
- the potential of each part of the region on the side of the buried electrodes 34 and 35 in the photoelectric conversion section 21 is the same (1.8V). Therefore, the reduction in the amount of charge that can be accumulated in the photoelectric conversion section 21 can be suppressed, and the reduction in the amount of saturated charge Qs can be suppressed.
- 14 and 15 are diagrams showing the potential distribution in the photoelectric conversion section 21. FIG.
- FIG. 14 shows the potential distribution when the potentials of the embedded electrodes 34 and 35 are in the LOW state
- FIG. 15 shows the potential distribution when the potentials of the embedded electrodes 34 and 35 are in the HIGH state.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the potential when viewed from the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate 8. In FIG. 16, the buried electrodes 34 and 35 are drawn larger than in other figures.
- FIG. 12 an example is shown in which two or more embedded electrodes 34 and 35 have the same prismatic shape (same length and constant distance), but other It is also possible to adopt the following configuration.
- the structure may include at least a first electrode 37 that reaches deep and a second electrode 38 that reaches from the surface S2 of the semiconductor substrate 8 to a shallower depth than the first electrode 37.
- the second electrode 38 is located on the other diagonal.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of the solid-state imaging device 1 taken along line II' in FIG. 17. Further, the potential distribution in the photoelectric conversion section 21 is as shown in FIG. 19.
- the surface electrodes 30 shown in FIG. Surface electrodes 39 and 40 are formed. Thereby, the potentials of the first electrode 37 and the second electrode 38 can be individually controlled via the surface electrodes 39 and 40.
- the potentials of the surface electrodes 39 and 40 are brought to a HIGH state, thereby bringing the potentials of both the first electrode 37 and the second electrode 38 to a HIGH state.
- the potential on the first electrode 37 side and the second electrode 38 side becomes deeper in the photoelectric conversion unit 21, and charges are transferred to the first electrode 37 side and the second electrode 38 side.
- a potential gradient for horizontal transfer is formed, and the charges accumulated in the photoelectric conversion section 21 (area K in FIG.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing potential distributions in regions K, L, M, and N in FIG. 20. Subsequently, by setting only the potential of the surface electrode 39 to a LOW state, only the potential of the first electrode 37 is brought to a LOW state, and the potential of the second electrode 38 is maintained to be HIGH. Then, as shown in FIG.
- the potential on the back surface S3 side of the semiconductor substrate 8 becomes shallow between the first electrodes 37 and between the second electrodes 38, and the charge on the back surface S3 side (region L side in FIG. 20) becomes shallower. It is vertically transferred to the surface S2 side (region M side in FIG. 20). As a result, charges are accumulated in a region between the first electrodes 37 and between the second electrodes 38 on the surface S2 side (region M side in FIG. 20). Subsequently, the potential of the surface electrode 40 is also brought to a LOW state, thereby bringing the potentials of both the first electrode 37 and the second electrode 38 to a LOW state. Then, as shown in FIG. 23, the charges on the surface S2 side (region M side in FIG. 20) are transferred to the FD 27 (region N in FIG. 20). This allows efficient vertical transfer of charges.
- the distance between the buried electrodes 34 and 35 on the back surface S3 side of the semiconductor substrate 8 may be made larger than the distance between the buried electrodes 34 and 35 on the front surface S2 side.
- the embedded electrodes 34 and 35 are shaped like a truncated cone with the upper part cut off.
- the potential between the buried electrodes 34 and 35 becomes deeper as the distance between the buried electrodes 34 and 35 becomes smaller, and becomes shallower as the distance becomes larger. Therefore, according to the configuration shown in FIG. 24, a potential gradient for vertical charge transfer can be formed such that the potential becomes deeper from the back surface S3 side to the front surface S2 side of the semiconductor substrate 8.
- the outer periphery of the photoelectric conversion unit 21 is rectangular and two or more embedded electrodes 34 and 35 are prismatic, but other configurations are possible. It can also be adopted.
- the outer periphery of the photoelectric conversion section 21 may have an n-gon shape (n is an integer of 4 or more) when viewed from the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate 8. Examples include rectangle and octagon.
- FIG. 25 illustrates a case where the outer periphery of the photoelectric conversion unit 21 has an octagonal shape. Further, as shown in FIGS.
- each of the two or more embedded electrodes 34, 35, 41, 42 is connected to the photoelectric conversion unit 21 from the corner of the n-gon. It may be arranged in a position that does not overlap with the straight line extending to the center of the line. As a result, charges accumulated near the corners of the n-gonal photoelectric conversion section 21 can be horizontally transferred linearly to the area between the embedded electrodes 34, 35, 41, and 42, making horizontal charge transfer more efficient. It can be carried out. Note that although FIGS. 26 and 27 illustrate a case in which the outer periphery of the photoelectric conversion unit 21 is rectangular in shape, it may be in another n-gon shape (n is an integer of 4 or more) such as an octagon.
- the cross-sectional shape of the two or more embedded electrodes 34, 35, 41, 42 in a cross section perpendicular to the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate 8 is, for example, circular or rectangular. shape or triangular shape can be adopted.
- any one of the two or more embedded electrodes 34, 35, 41, 42 is connected from the corner of the n-gon (n is an integer of 4 or more) to the center of the photoelectric conversion section 21.
- the cross-sectional shape of the embedded electrodes 34 and 35 can be circular, rectangular, or triangular.
- the present technology can also be applied to light detection devices in general, including distance measuring sensors that measure distance, also called ToF (Time of Flight) sensors.
- distance measuring sensors that measure distance
- ToF Time of Flight
- a distance measurement sensor emits illumination light toward an object, detects the reflected light that is reflected back from the object's surface, and measures the flight from the time the illumination light is emitted until the reflected light is received. This is a sensor that calculates the distance to an object based on time.
- the light-receiving pixel structure of this distance measurement sensor the structure of the pixel 9 described above can be adopted.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of an imaging device (video camera, digital still camera, etc.) as an electronic device to which the present technology is applied.
- the imaging device 1000 includes a lens group 1001, a solid-state imaging device 1002 (solid-state imaging device 1 according to the first embodiment), a DSP (Digital Signal Processor) circuit 1003, and a frame memory 1004. , a monitor 1005, and a memory 1006.
- DSP circuit 1003, frame memory 1004, monitor 1005, and memory 1006 are interconnected via bus line 1007.
- a lens group 1001 guides incident light (image light) from a subject to a solid-state imaging device 1002, and forms an image on a light-receiving surface (pixel region) of the solid-state imaging device 1002.
- the solid-state imaging device 1002 is composed of the CMOS image sensor of the first embodiment described above.
- the solid-state imaging device 1002 converts the amount of incident light focused on the light receiving surface by the lens group 1001 into an electric signal for each pixel, and supplies the electrical signal to the DSP circuit 1003 as a pixel signal.
- the DSP circuit 1003 performs predetermined image processing on pixel signals supplied from the solid-state imaging device 1002. Then, the DSP circuit 1003 supplies the image signal after image processing to the frame memory 1004 in units of frames, and causes the frame memory 1004 to temporarily store the image signal.
- the monitor 1005 is composed of a panel display device such as a liquid crystal panel or an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) panel.
- the monitor 1005 displays an image (moving image) of the subject based on pixel signals for each frame temporarily stored in the frame memory 1004.
- the memory 1006 consists of a DVD, flash memory, etc.
- the memory 1006 reads out and records pixel signals in frame units temporarily stored in the frame memory 1004.
- the electronic device to which the solid-state imaging device 1 can be applied is not limited to the imaging device 1000, but can also be applied to other electronic devices.
- the solid-state imaging device 1 according to the first embodiment is used as the solid-state imaging device 1002
- other configurations may also be adopted.
- a configuration may be adopted in which another photodetection device to which the present technology is applied, such as the solid-state imaging device 1 according to the second embodiment or the solid-state imaging device 1 according to the modification example.
- the present technology can also have the following configuration.
- the photoelectric conversion section is formed in a p-type semiconductor region containing a p-type impurity continuously formed in the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate, and in a region in contact with the p-type semiconductor region, and an n-type semiconductor region containing an n-type impurity formed continuously in the direction,
- the n-type semiconductor region has a constant impurity concentration in the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate
- the transfer gate is arranged from a first surface, which is a surface closer to the charge holding section, of the two surfaces of the semiconductor substrate, to a second surface, which is a surface opposite to the first surface.
- the vertical gate electrode is two or more buried electrodes extending from the first surface of the semiconductor substrate in the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate.
- an impurity region containing a p-type impurity formed between the two or more buried electrodes The photodetection device according to (2), wherein the impurity region has a higher impurity concentration on the first surface side of the semiconductor substrate than on the second surface side.
- the two or more buried electrodes include a first electrode that extends from the first surface of the semiconductor substrate to a depth deeper than the end of the n-type semiconductor region, and a first electrode that extends from the first surface of the semiconductor substrate to a depth deeper than the end of the n-type semiconductor region. at least a second electrode reaching a depth shallower than the electrode; As described in (2) above, comprising a plurality of surface electrodes that are individually formed at the ends of the first surface side of each of the first electrode and the second electrode, and are formed so as to protrude from the surface of the semiconductor substrate. photodetection device.
- the outer periphery of the photoelectric conversion section has an n-gon shape (n is an integer of 4 or more);
- n is an integer of 4 or more;
- each of the two or more embedded electrodes is arranged at a position that does not overlap with a straight line extending from the corner of the n-gon to the center of the photoelectric conversion section.
- the vertical gate electrode is one buried electrode that reaches deeper than the end of the n-type semiconductor region from the first surface of the semiconductor substrate, an impurity region containing a p-type impurity formed to cover the peripheral surface of the buried electrode,
- the photoelectric conversion section includes a transfer gate that transfers charges to the charge holding section, and the photoelectric conversion section includes a p-type semiconductor region containing a p-type impurity formed continuously in the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate, and a p-type semiconductor region containing a p-type impurity.
- An electronic device comprising: a photodetecting device having a vertical gate electrode that reaches deeper than an end of the n-type semiconductor region located on the second surface side.
- SYMBOLS 1 Solid-state imaging device, 2... Pixel area, 3... Vertical drive circuit, 4... Column signal processing circuit, 5... Horizontal drive circuit, 6... Output circuit, 7... Control circuit, 8... Semiconductor substrate, 9... Pixel, 10 ... Pixel drive wiring, 11... Vertical signal line, 12... Horizontal signal line, 13... Light shielding film, 14... Flattening film, 15... Light receiving layer, 16... Micro lens, 17... Wiring layer, 18... Trench portion, 19... Sidewall film, 20... Filler, 21... Photoelectric conversion portion, 22... P+ region, 23... N+ region, 24... Front side p+ region, 25... Back side p+ region, 26... Vertical transistor, 27... FD, 28... Transfer gate, 29...
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Abstract
Description
1-1 固体撮像装置の全体の構成
1-2 要部の構成
2.第2の実施形態:固体撮像装置
2-1 要部の構成
2-2 変形例
3.第3の実施形態:電子機器への応用例
[1-1 固体撮像装置の全体の構成]
本開示の第1の実施形態に係る固体撮像装置1(広義には「光検出装置」)について説明する。図1は、第1の実施形態に係る固体撮像装置1の全体構成を示す図である。
図1の固体撮像装置1は、裏面照射型のCMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)イメージセンサである。図30に示すように、固体撮像装置1(1002)はレンズ群1001を介して、被写体からの像光(入射光)を取り込み、撮像面上に結像された入射光の光量を画素単位で電気信号に変換して画素信号として出力する。
図1に示すように、固体撮像装置1は、画素領域2と、垂直駆動回路3と、カラム信号処理回路4と、水平駆動回路5と、出力回路6と、制御回路7とを備えている。
垂直駆動回路3は、例えば、シフトレジスタによって構成され、所望の画素駆動配線10を選択し、選択した画素駆動配線10に画素9を駆動するためのパルスを供給し、各画素9を行単位で駆動する。即ち、垂直駆動回路3は、画素領域2の各画素9を行単位で順次垂直方向に選択走査し、各画素9の光電変換部21において受光量に応じて生成した信号電荷に基づく画素信号を、垂直信号線11を通してカラム信号処理回路4に供給する。
水平駆動回路5は、例えば、シフトレジスタによって構成され、水平走査パルスをカラム信号処理回路4に順次出力して、カラム信号処理回路4の各々を順番に選択し、カラム信号処理回路4の各々から信号処理が行われた画素信号を水平信号線12に出力させる。
制御回路7は、垂直同期信号、水平同期信号、及びマスタクロック信号に基づいて、垂直駆動回路3、カラム信号処理回路4、及び水平駆動回路5等の動作の基準となるクロック信号や制御信号を生成する。そして、制御回路7は、生成したクロック信号や制御信号を、垂直駆動回路3、カラム信号処理回路4、及び水平駆動回路5等に出力する。
次に、固体撮像装置1の詳細構造について説明する。図2は、図1のA-A’線で破断した場合の、固体撮像装置1の断面構成を示す図である。また、図3は、図2のB-B’線で破断した場合の、固体撮像装置1の断面構成を示す図である。
図2に示すように、固体撮像装置1は、半導体基板8、遮光膜13及び平坦化膜14がこの順に積層されてなる受光層15が配置されている。また、受光層15の平坦化膜14側の面(以下、「裏面S1」とも呼ぶ)には、各画素9に対応するように、二次元アレイ状に配列された複数のマイクロレンズ16が配置されている。さらに、受光層15の半導体基板8側の面(以下、「表面S2」とも呼ぶ)には、配線層17が配置されている。
また、n+領域23は、p+領域22と接する領域に形成され、半導体基板8の厚さ方向に連続して形成されている。n+領域23は、表面側p+領域24から裏面側p+領域25まで形成されており、表面側p+領域24側から裏面側p+領域25側にわたって幅Wnが一定となっている。また、n+領域23は、半導体基板8の厚さ方向において不純物濃度が一定となっている(言い換えると、n+領域23は、半導体基板8の厚さ方向の各部において抵抗値が一定となっている、ということもできる)。例えば、n+領域23内の各部における不純物の濃度の差が10%以下(より好ましくは、5%以下)となっている。そして、光電変換部21は、主にp+領域22とn+領域23との接合面であるpn接合によってフォトダイオードを構成し、光電変換を行って、受光量に応じた電荷を生成する。また、光電変換部21は、p+領域22とn+領域23とのpn接合部分に生じる静電容量(接合容量)に光電変換で生成した電荷を蓄積する。
また、転送ゲート28は、光電変換部21で生成された電荷をFD27に転送する転送トランジスタのゲートである。転送ゲート28は、半導体基板8内にゲート絶縁膜29を介して形成されている。転送ゲート28は、半導体基板8の表面S2に張り出すように形成された平板状の表面電極30と、表面電極30から半導体基板8の厚さ方向に延びている縦型ゲート電極31とを有している。縦型ゲート電極31は、半導体基板8の表面S2から、裏面S3側に位置するn+領域23の端部32よりも深くまで達している。即ち縦型ゲート電極31は、半導体基板8の2つの面のうちのFD27に近い側の面である表面S2(第1面)から、表面S2から遠い側の面である裏面S3(第2面)側に位置するn+領域23の端部32よりも深く(p+領域25の深さ)まで達している。
また、FD27への電荷の転送時には、縦型ゲート電極31の電位をHIGH状態とすることで、図7及び図8に示すように、光電変換部21内において、縦型ゲート電極31側のポテンシャルを深くして、ポテンシャル勾配を形成するようにした。それゆえ、光電変換部21に蓄積されていた電荷を縦型ゲート電極31側の領域に水平転送できる。
[2-1 要部の構成]
次に、本開示の第2の実施形態に係る固体撮像装置1について説明する。第2の実施形態に係る固体撮像装置1の全体構成は、図1と同様であるから図示を省略する。図12は、第2の実施形態に係る固体撮像装置1の断面構成を示す図である。図13は、図12のH-H’線で破断した場合の、固体撮像装置1の断面構成を示す図である。図12及び図13において、図2、図3に対応する部分には同一符号を付し重複説明を省略する。
また、埋め込み電極34,35間には、p型の不純物を含む不純物領域36が形成されている。不純物領域36は、半導体基板8の表面S2側の不純物の濃度が裏面S3側の不純物の濃度よりも高くなっている。不純物領域36の不純物の濃度は、連続的に変化する構成としてもよいし、段階的に変化する構成(非連続的に変化する構成)としてもよい。
(1)なお、第2の実施形態では、図12に示すように、2以上の埋め込み電極34,35を同一の角柱状(長さ同一・離間距離一定)とする例を示したが、他の構成を採用することもできる。例えば、図12に示した2以上の埋め込み電極34,35は、図17及び図18に示すように、半導体基板8の表面S2から、裏面S3側に位置するn+領域23の端部32よりも深くまで達している第1電極37と、半導体基板8の表面S2から第1電極37よりも浅い深さまで達している第2電極38と、を少なくとも含む構成としてもよい。ここで、図17及び図18では、第1電極37及び第2電極38を2つずつ有し、それらが2×2のマトリックス状に配置され、マトリックスの一方の対角線上に第1電極37が位置し、他方の対角線上に第2電極38が位置する場合を例示している。図18は、図17のI-I’線で破断した場合の、固体撮像装置1の断面構成を示す図である。また、光電変換部21におけるポテンシャル分布は、図19に示すような分布になる。
本開示に係る技術(本技術)は、各種の電子機器に適用されてもよい。
図30は、本技術を適用した電子機器としての撮像装置(ビデオカメラ、デジタルスチルカメラ等)の概略的な構成の一例を示す図である。
図30に示すように、撮像装置1000は、レンズ群1001と、固体撮像装置1002(第1の実施形態に係る固体撮像装置1)と、DSP(Digital Signal Processor)回路1003と、フレームメモリ1004と、モニタ1005と、メモリ1006とを備えている。DSP回路1003、フレームメモリ1004、モニタ1005及びメモリ1006は、バスライン1007を介して相互に接続されている。
固体撮像装置1002は、上述した第1の実施の形態のCMOSイメージセンサからなる。固体撮像装置1002は、レンズ群1001によって受光面上に結像された入射光の光量を画素単位で電気信号に変換して画素信号としてDSP回路1003に供給する。
DSP回路1003は、固体撮像装置1002から供給される画素信号に対して所定の画像処理を行う。そして、DSP回路1003は、画像処理後の画像信号をフレーム単位でフレームメモリ1004に供給し、フレームメモリ1004に一時的に記憶させる。
メモリ1006は、DVD、フラッシュメモリ等からなる。メモリ1006は、フレームメモリ1004に一時的に記憶されたフレーム単位の画素信号を読み出して記録する。
(1)
半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板に形成され、受光量に応じた電荷を生成して蓄積する光電変換部と、
前記光電変換部で生成された電荷を保持する電荷保持部と、
前記光電変換部が蓄積した電荷を前記電荷保持部に転送する転送ゲートと、を備え、
前記光電変換部は、前記半導体基板の厚さ方向に連続して形成されたp型の不純物を含むp型半導体領域と、前記p型半導体領域と接する領域に形成され、前記半導体基板の厚さ方向に連続して形成されたn型の不純物を含むn型半導体領域と、を有し、
前記n型半導体領域は、前記半導体基板の厚さ方向において不純物濃度が一定であり、
前記転送ゲートは、前記半導体基板の2つの面のうちの前記電荷保持部に近い側の面である第1面から、前記第1面と反対側の面である第2面側に位置する前記n型半導体領域の端部よりも深くまで達している縦型ゲート電極を有する
光検出装置。
(2)
前記縦型ゲート電極は、前記半導体基板の前記第1面から、前記半導体基板の厚さ方向に延びている2以上の埋め込み電極である
前記(1)に記載の光検出装置。
(3)
前記2以上の埋め込み電極の間に形成されたp型の不純物を含む不純物領域を備え、
前記不純物領域は、前記半導体基板の前記第1面側の不純物の濃度が、前記第2面側の不純物の濃度よりも高くなっている
前記(2)に記載の光検出装置。
(4)
前記2以上の埋め込み電極は、前記半導体基板の前記第1面から前記n型半導体領域の前記端部よりも深くまで達している第1電極と、前記半導体基板の前記第1面から前記第1電極よりも浅い深さまで達している第2電極と、を少なくとも含み、
前記第1電極及び前記第2電極それぞれの前記第1面側の端部に個別に形成され、前記半導体基板の表面に張り出すように形成された複数の表面電極を備える
前記(2)に記載の光検出装置。
(5)
前記半導体基板の厚さ方向から見た場合に、前記光電変換部の外周の形状は、n角形(nは4以上の整数)であり、
前記半導体基板の厚さ方向から見た場合に、前記2以上の埋め込み電極のそれぞれは、前記n角形の角部から前記光電変換部の中心部に伸ばした直線と重ならない位置に配置されている
前記(2)に記載の光検出装置。
(6)
前記縦型ゲート電極は、前記半導体基板の前記第1面から前記n型半導体領域の前記端部よりも深くまで達している1つの埋め込み電極であり、
前記埋め込み電極の周面を覆うように形成されたp型の不純物を含む不純物領域を備え、
前記不純物領域は、前記半導体基板の前記第1面側の不純物の濃度が、前記第2面側の不純物の濃度よりも高くなっている
前記(1)に記載の光検出装置。
(7)
半導体基板、前記半導体基板に形成され、受光量に応じた電荷を生成して蓄積する光電変換部、前記光電変換部で生成された電荷を保持する電荷保持部、及び前記光電変換部が蓄積した電荷を前記電荷保持部に転送する転送ゲートを備え、前記光電変換部は、前記半導体基板の厚さ方向に連続して形成されたp型の不純物を含むp型半導体領域と、前記p型半導体領域と接する領域に形成され、前記半導体基板の厚さ方向に連続して形成されたn型の不純物を含むn型半導体領域と、を有し、前記n型半導体領域は、前記半導体基板の厚さ方向において不純物濃度が一定であり、前記転送ゲートは、前記半導体基板の2つの面のうちの前記電荷保持部に近い側の面である第1面から、前記第1面と反対側の面である第2面側に位置する前記n型半導体領域の端部よりも深くまで達している縦型ゲート電極を有する光検出装置を備えた
電子機器。
Claims (7)
- 半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板に形成され、受光量に応じた電荷を生成して蓄積する光電変換部と、
前記光電変換部で生成された電荷を保持する電荷保持部と、
前記光電変換部が蓄積した電荷を前記電荷保持部に転送する転送ゲートと、を備え、
前記光電変換部は、前記半導体基板の厚さ方向に連続して形成されたp型の不純物を含むp型半導体領域と、前記p型半導体領域と接する領域に形成され、前記半導体基板の厚さ方向に連続して形成されたn型の不純物を含むn型半導体領域と、を有し、
前記n型半導体領域は、前記半導体基板の厚さ方向において不純物濃度が一定であり、
前記転送ゲートは、前記半導体基板の2つの面のうちの前記電荷保持部に近い側の面である第1面から、前記第1面と反対側の面である第2面側に位置する前記n型半導体領域の端部よりも深くまで達している縦型ゲート電極を有する
光検出装置。 - 前記縦型ゲート電極は、前記半導体基板の前記第1面から、前記半導体基板の厚さ方向に延びている2以上の埋め込み電極である
請求項1に記載の光検出装置。 - 前記2以上の埋め込み電極の間に形成されたp型の不純物を含む不純物領域を備え、
前記不純物領域は、前記半導体基板の前記第1面側の不純物の濃度が、前記第2面側の不純物の濃度よりも高くなっている
請求項2に記載の光検出装置。 - 前記2以上の埋め込み電極は、前記半導体基板の前記第1面から前記n型半導体領域の前記端部よりも深くまで達している第1電極と、前記半導体基板の前記第1面から前記第1電極よりも浅い深さまで達している第2電極と、を少なくとも含み、
前記第1電極及び前記第2電極それぞれの前記第1面側の端部に個別に形成され、前記半導体基板の表面に張り出すように形成された複数の表面電極を備える
請求項2に記載の光検出装置。 - 前記半導体基板の厚さ方向から見た場合に、前記光電変換部の外周の形状は、n角形(nは4以上の整数)であり、
前記半導体基板の厚さ方向から見た場合に、前記2以上の埋め込み電極のそれぞれは、前記n角形の角部から前記光電変換部の中心部に伸ばした直線と重ならない位置に配置されている
請求項2に記載の光検出装置。 - 前記縦型ゲート電極は、前記半導体基板の前記第1面から前記n型半導体領域の前記端部よりも深くまで達している1つの埋め込み電極であり、
前記埋め込み電極の周面を覆うように形成されたp型の不純物を含む不純物領域を備え、
前記不純物領域は、前記半導体基板の前記第1面側の不純物の濃度が、前記第2面側の不純物の濃度よりも高くなっている
請求項1に記載の光検出装置。 - 半導体基板、前記半導体基板に形成され、受光量に応じた電荷を生成して蓄積する光電変換部、前記光電変換部で生成された電荷を保持する電荷保持部、及び前記光電変換部が蓄積した電荷を前記電荷保持部に転送する転送ゲートを備え、前記光電変換部は、前記半導体基板の厚さ方向に連続して形成されたp型の不純物を含むp型半導体領域と、前記p型半導体領域と接する領域に形成され、前記半導体基板の厚さ方向に連続して形成されたn型の不純物を含むn型半導体領域と、を有し、前記n型半導体領域は、前記半導体基板の厚さ方向において不純物濃度が一定であり、前記転送ゲートは、前記半導体基板の2つの面のうちの前記電荷保持部に近い側の面である第1面から、前記第1面と反対側の面である第2面側に位置する前記n型半導体領域の端部よりも深くまで達している縦型ゲート電極を有する光検出装置を備えた
電子機器。
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- 2023-03-06 US US18/854,891 patent/US20250359366A1/en active Pending
- 2023-03-06 CN CN202380030999.1A patent/CN118946969A/zh not_active Withdrawn
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| JP2023157511A (ja) | 2023-10-26 |
| US20250359366A1 (en) | 2025-11-20 |
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